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中考英语易混淆的同义词总结

中考易混淆的同义词总结

一、学习建议

本次内容为中考易混淆的同义词总结,其中包括动词时态的变化,以及各种短语之间的辨析,难度不大,但是对于中考生来说容易遗忘以及混淆,因此大家要做好复习的工作。

二、易错知识点

1. say, speak, talk, tell的辨析

这四个词都有“说”的意思,其用法差异主要在于各自强调的对象、内容不同。

(1)say的意思是“说”、“讲”、“说出”,是及物动词,强调“说”的内容。可表达

1)口头说内容2)书面内容呈现

e.g. ①He said nothing to me. 他对我什么也没说。

②He said in his letter that he was getting on well with his life.

他在信中说,他生活得很好。

固定搭配:say hello/good bye/sorry to sb. 向某人问候/告别/道歉

say “yes” to sb. = agree with sb. 同意某人

say “no” to sb. = disagree with sb. 不同意某人

(2)speak表“说”、“讲”,后接the language(English, Chinese)、the truth等。

e.g. ①Please speak more slowly and clearly. 请说慢些和清楚些。

②Who is speaking? 你是谁?(打电话时用语)

③Can you speak Japanese? 你会讲日语吗?

固定搭配:speak to sb. 对某人说话

speak highly of 称赞

speak one’s mind 说心里话; 直言不讳

e.g. ①What are you talking about? 你们在谈论什么?

②We are talking about the Chinese football match. 我们在谈论中国足球比赛。

固定搭配:talk with/to sb. 和某人谈话

talk about sb./sth. 谈论某人/某事

talk with sb. about sth. = talk about sth. with sb. 和某人谈论某事

(4)tell表“告诉”、“讲述”之意,是及物动词,常强调所讲的内容,不表示动作。

重点句式:①tell sb. sth = tell sth to sb. 告诉某人某事

e.g. He told me nothing. = He told nothing to me. 他什么也没告诉我。

②tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不)去做某事

e.g. He told us not to worry about him. 他告诉我们不要为他担心。

③tell sb. +that-clause/who-clause 告诉某人……

e.g. He told me that he was coming. 他告诉我说他要来。

固定搭配:tell… from…区分,辨别

tell a story 讲故事

tell the truth 讲真话

2. Wear, put on, dress, have on, be in, be dressed in的辨析

put on 和dress 表动作,其他的都表示状态。

(1)put on “穿上,戴上” ,宾语是衣服、鞋帽等。

(2)dress + sb. / oneself “给某人穿衣服”,但注意英文中宾语不能是“衣服”,只能是“人”。

(3)wear 指“穿着”、“戴着”的状态,宾语是衣服、鞋帽等。它还有“留(长发),蓄(胡子)”等意思。

e.g. wear blue shoes/glasses/a new hat/a watch/new clothes 穿蓝色鞋子/戴眼镜/戴新帽/戴手表/穿新衣服

(4)have on 指“穿着”、“戴着”的状态,它本身就有进行时的含义:“有……在身上”。

e.g. He always has his cap on. 他总是戴着帽子。

(5)be in, be dressed in 后面不仅可接“衣服”,还可接“颜色”,这是与前面几个词和短语的用法不同的。

e.g. She is always (dressed) in red. 她总穿红衣服。

3. hope, wish, expect的辨析

(1)比较wish/hope/expect to do sth.

wish/ hope/expect sb. to do sth.

e.g. You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months. 不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。

e.g. I expect you to do as you are told. 我期待你能按要求做。

(2)wish 可用来表示祝愿,而hope 和expect 则不可。

e.g. I wish you success/good luck. 我祝你成功/好运。

(3)hope 和expect 可以和so 或not 连用,表示希望、期待某事会发生或不会发生,而wish 则不可。

e.g. I hope so/I hope not. 我希望如此/ 我不希望这样。

e.g. I expect so/not. 我想会/我想不会。

(4)作名词时,wish 表示人的主观愿望,hope 表示客观可能。

e.g. My best wishes for you! 给你我最美好的祝愿。

e.g. I have no hope of going. 我没希望去。

4. beside, besides, except, except for, but的辨析

(1)beside = next to e.g. Come and sit beside ( = next to ) me. 来坐在我旁边。

besides 意为“除……之外” (包括在内) e.g. Besides Chinese, we also learn English and other subjects. except意为“除……之外”(不包括在内)e.g. We all went to the Great Wall except Xiao Wang.

except for 意为“美中不足” e.g. His composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes

(2)but作介词用时意为“除……之外”,可与except互换,但but常与否定词连用

e.g. No one but him is interested in playing the guitar. 除了他之外,没有人对弹吉他感兴趣。

5. few, a few, little, a bit的辨析

(1)few 和a few 后接可数名词,little 和a little 后接不可数名词。

(2)few 和little 意为“很少,几乎没有”,表否定;a little 和a few 意为“有几个”,“有一点”,表肯定。

e.g. Don’t worry. There is still a little time left. 别着急,还有一点时间。

注意:

①前有only, 后有a: only a few/ little

②in the past few years . 在过去的几年中

every few hundred meters 每隔几百米

(3)a little与a bit修饰形容词和副词时,两者可以互换。

e.g.: I am a little tired. = I am a bit tired. 我有一点累。

(4)a little与a bit的不同点:

修饰名词时:a little + n. = a bit of + n.

表达否定时:①not a bit = not at all 一点也不

②not a little = quite a little 许多

6. it, one, another, the other, others , the others的辨析

(1)it和one的区别

it:同类同个(它)

one:同类不同个(一个)

e.g. My father bought me a nice watch last year. But I lost it. I want to buy a new one.

我父亲去年给我买了一块新手表,但我把它弄丢了,我想买块新的。

(2)another与the other的区别

another: 再一次another 3 days= 3 other/ more days

the other:常与one 连用,即“one…, the other…”。

on one hand… on the other hand

e.g. Would you like another cup of tea? 你要再来一杯茶吗?

You may stay here for another ten days. 你可以在这儿再住十天。

I have two pens. One is new, the other is old. 我有两支钢笔,一支是新的,一支是旧的。

(3)others与the others的区别

others = other + 复数名词,意为“别的,别人”,泛指其他的人或物

the others = the other + 复数名词,意为“其余的”,相当于the rest,特指全体中其余的人或物。

三、易错典型例题

例1. Can you _________ (讲) that in Japanese?

例2. The mother __________ (穿) her baby every morning.

例3. It’s very cold outside. Please __________ (穿) your overcoat.

例4. I hope he __________ (come) tomorrow.

例5. No one __________ (除了) him is interested in playing the guitar.

例6. He has __________ (少) friends, but he still feels lonely.

例7. There were three books on my table. One is here. Where are ______ ?

A. others

B. the others

C. the other

D. another

四、易错典型例题解析

例1. 答案:say

解析:后面加语言时只有两种用法,speak + 语言或say sth. in+ 语言,“用某种语言说某物”用的短语是say sth. in + 语言。

例2. 答案:dresses

解析:此题考查“给某人穿衣服”的短语dress sb.。

例3. 答案:put on

解析:此题句意为“外面很冷,请穿上大衣”,此题考查“穿上”这个动作,put on。

例4. 答案:will come

解析:此题考查hope的短语,hope to do sth.以及hope (that) +从句,此题易错点为hope sb. to do sth. 这个短语,这个短语是错误的也是学生经常记错的,因此此题只能使用从句,结合时态,此题填will come。

例5. 答案:except

解析:中文“除了”这个词有可能是包含的意思,也有可能不包含,因此此题我们要结合题意“没有

人”,说明“他”也排除在外了,因此应填except。

例6. 答案:a few

解析:结合句意“但他仍然觉得孤单”可知,“他”有一些朋友,“朋友”可数且此句表示肯定,因此应该用a few。

例7. 答案:B

解析:此题表示肯定范围内的“其他的”,排除A、D,且空的后面无名词,应使用B,the other +n.

复数= the others。

学生最易混淆的英语短语大汇总

学生最易混淆的英语短语大汇总 1. three of us, the three of us three of us 我们(不止三人)中的三个 the three of us 我们三个(就三人) 2. next year, the next year next year 明年(表示将来的时间状语) the next year 第二年(表示过去将来的时间状语) 3. at table, at the table at table 在吃饭 at the table 在桌旁 4. in class, in the class in class 在课上 in the class 在班级里 5. in place of, in the place of in place of 代替 in the place of 在……地方 6. on fire, on the fire on fire 着火 on the fire 在火上

7. in front of, in the front of in front of 在……前面(范围外) in the front of 在……前部(范围内) 8. day by day, day after day day by day 一天天地(强调变化) day after day 日复一日地(强调重复) 9. year after year, year by year year after year 年复一年(强调重复) year by year 年年;逐年(强调变化) 10. out of question, out of the question out of question 毫无疑问的 out of the question 不可能的 11. a number of, the number of a number of 许多(谓语动词用复数) the number of ……的数量(谓语动词用单数) 12. for a moment, for the moment for a moment 片刻;一会儿 for the moment 目前;暂时 13. in a word, in words in a word 总之;一句话 in words 口头上

最新人教版初中英语易混淆单词短语总结

vocabulary n. 词汇(可数名词) word n. 单词;话语 aloud adv. 出声地;大声地 (无比较级,反义词:quietly;silently)loudly adv.高声地;吵闹地 loud adv.响亮地 adj. 喧闹的; 响亮的 pronounce vt. 拼读;发音 pronunciation n. 发音法;拼读法 specific adj. 明确的;具体的 specifi cally adv. 明确地;具体地 special adj. 特殊的;特别的 specially adv. 专门地;特别地 especially adv. 特别;尤其;格外 particular adj. 非一般的;特别的;特殊的particularly adv. 尤其;特别地;特殊地 memorize vt. 记起来;熟记;回忆起memorization n. 记忆;回忆 gramm ar n. 语法 grammatically adv. 语法地;从语法角度来说, add A to B 把A添加/补充到B中 add up to + 数量总计达到… spoken English 英语口语 make a mistake = make mistakes by mistake错误地 by accident 偶然地,意外地 comma n. 逗号 period n. 句号 question mark n. 问号 challenge n. 挑战(复数challenges) vt. 挑战 solution. n. 解决方案;解答

later adv. 后来;一会以后 late adj. 晚;迟 adv. 晚;迟 lately adv. 近来;最近 latest adj. 最新的 realize v. 意识到;(某人)实现(梦想) Eg: Finally, Kelsy realized her dream. come true(某人的梦想)实现 Eg: Finally, her dream came true. matter vi. 起重要作用;要紧 Eg: I know Charles doesn't think this project is important, but it matters to me. afraid = terrified adj.害怕的;发愁的 be afraid of ... = be terrified of …畏惧/害怕… be afraid to do = be terrified to do 畏惧/害怕做… laugh at … = make fun of …取笑/嘲笑… complete vt.完成 adj. 完整的;完全的 completely adv完整地 childhood n. 童年 on duty 值班;值日 break off 突然中止;中断 break down 抛锚;出毛病 break up 分手 take a ride 兜风 take care 当心,注意;保重 sb. be sure of sth. sb. be sure to do sth. sb. Be sure that … it is certain(无疑; 确定) that certain adj. 某,某些,某个 Eg: comic n. 连环漫画,连环画杂志 patient adj. 耐心的 n. 病人 patiently adv. 耐心地 at the end of … in the end take pride in … = be proud of … with pleasure可以用来应答对方的请求, Eg: “Would you mind holding the door open for me, please?” “Oh, with pleasure.” It’s a pleasure.或It’s my pleasure.是用来回答感谢时的答语。 pierce v. 刺穿;刺破 earring n. 耳环 opportunity n. 机会 chance n, 机会 experience n.经历;阅历(可数名词) 经验(不可数名词) vt. 体会,经历过 experienced adj. 有经验的 mess n. 混乱,脏乱 forget vt. 忘记 forgetful adj. 健忘的 用介词to搭配的词有: answer,key,reply to 3 tickets to a football match instead adv. 代替,更换,相反 newsletter n. 时事通讯,简报 achieve vt. 完成,实现 achievement n. 成就 real adj真实的 really adv. 事实上; 实际上; 真正地; realistic adj. 现实的,注重实效的

中考英语常用易混淆单词词组的区别用法详解

中考英语易混易错单词+短语+句型 how much和how many的区别用法 how much和how many的区别:how much用来询问事物的数量,后接不可数名词;how many用来询问事物的数量,后接可数名词复数。 1.所修饰词不同 how much用来修饰不可数名词,表示数量,也可单独使用。 how many用来修饰可数名词的复数,它的句式是:How many+复数名词+一般疑问句+? 例句: How much milk is there in the glass? 玻璃杯里有多少牛奶? How many books are there on the desk? 有多少本书在桌子上? 2.用法不同 How much 表示多少钱,用来问价格。 例句: How much is this dress? 这个连衣裙多少钱?

How many 表示多少,用来问数量。 例句: How many apples do you have? 你有多少苹果? in和on的区别用法 当我们表示某些东西被其他东西所包围时使用“in”这个词。而“on”用于描述物体被放置在其他物体上方或外部的情况。in可表时间,表地点,表手段、方法、材料。on表示时间、地点、方位等。 1.意思不同 in:prep.在... 里;在... 地方;在... 期间 on:prep.在... 之上 2.用法不同 in:in着重一段时间的过程,常用于重复动作或延续动作。in表示从现在时间算起推移到将来的一段时间之后,一般与将来时态连用。 例句: He is a layman in economics. 他对经济学一窍不通。

初中中考复习易混淆动词短语整理汇总及练习

中考英语短语 A agree with 同意某人的意见argue with sb. 和某人争吵arrive in/at 到达 ask for 要求 B break down (机器)出故障break in破门而入,打断 break into破门而入,突然…起来 break out (战争、灾难等)爆发break off 中断,突然停止break through 出现,突破belong to 属于 be good at 善于,擅长于 be careful of 当心,注意,仔细 be covered with 被……覆盖 be ready for 为……作好准备be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶 be interested in 对…感到有兴趣 be born 出生 be able to do sth. 能够做……be afraid of (to do sth. that…) be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气 be pleased (with) 对…感到高兴 be famous for 以……而着名 be strict in (with))严格要求be from 来自……,什么地方人be worried about 担忧 be (well) worth doing 值得做…… be in danger 处于危险中 be in trouble 处于困境中 be glad to do sth. 很高兴做…… be late for ……迟到 be made of (from) 由……制成be satisfied with 对……感到满意 be free 空闲的,有空 be busy doing (with) 忙于做……C call sb. (up)给某人打电话 call sb at + 电话号码 call back唤回; 回电话; call for 要求,需要,(去)接 call on sb. 拜访某人 call at sp. 拜访某地 care about 在乎,关注,关心 care for 照顾,关心,喜欢 catch up with 赶上 catch a cold 患感冒 change one’s mind 改变主意 change…into… 把……变 成…… cheer up 使振作,使高兴起来 clean up 打扫干净,收拾整齐 come on 加油,快点 come in 进来 come out 出版,发表,结果是 come back 回来,记起 come from 来自, come over 顺便来访 cone true 实现 come up with 提出,想出 consider…as… 把……看 做…… cut in line 插队 cut down砍倒,削减 cut up连根拔除,切碎 complain about抱怨。。。 D deal with 处理,应付 depend on 依赖,依靠 divide…into… 把……分 成…… die out绝种 dream of/about 梦想 dress oneself 给自己穿衣服 drop by/in 顺便拜访 E enjoy oneself 过得快乐 F fall in love with 爱上 fall asleep 睡着,入睡 fall down 倒下,跌倒 fall off 从……掉下来 feed on 以……为食 feel like doing sth. 想做某 事 find out 发现,查明(真相) fight with…与。。。搏斗/战斗 fight for..争取获得… G get to 到达 get away逃跑,逃脱 get up 起床,起身 get on/off 上车/下车 get back 取回,收回,回来 get along with sb. 与某人相 处 get lost 迷路 get out 出去 get home 到家 get into trouble 陷入麻烦 get over 克服 get/be ready for 为……做准 备 get married 结婚 get on (well) with 与…相处(融 洽) get rid of 除掉,去除 give away 捐赠, 泄露 give a talk 做演讲 give back 归还 give in 屈服,让步 give sb. a lesson 给某人一个 教训 give out 分发 give up 放弃 give sb. a hand 帮某人的忙 give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车 go along沿着。。。。走 go to school 上学 go to work 上班 go home 回家 go by (时间)流逝 go on 继续 go out外出,熄灭 go back 回去 go away 离开 go through 通过 go down 下降 go up 上升,增长 go over 仔细检查,复习 grow up 长大 H hand in 上交,递交

中考英语易混淆词汇辨析[整理版]

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