1
2
3
中考典型易错题举例分析
1. It is _______ outside. Let’s put on our raincoats and go out, Tom. A. cold
B. hot
C. sunny
D. rainy
【解析】此题易误为A。因为这里有个put on短语，如果不注意raincoats这个词那就很可能草率地选择A。raincoats是“雨衣”的意思，而不是一般的衣服，那么不是因为外面“冷”，而是因为“下雨”才穿“雨衣”。正确答案为D。 2. —_______ do you _______ about spring?—The flowers and the green trees. A. How, like
B. How, think
C. What, think
D. What, like
【解析】此题陷阱选项为A或B或C。这是由于忽略语境造成的。由答语The flowers and the green trees. 可知，所问的是“你喜欢春天的什么?”而不是“你觉得春天怎么样?”。正确答案为D。
3. —What’s your sister like?—_______. A. She is a worker B. She likes pears C. She is very thin
D. She is like her father
【解析】此题陷阱选项为B或D。有很多考生一看题干中的like一词就会想当然地选择B或D。其实，问句的意思是“你姐姐长得怎么样?”因此，正确答案为C。What’s … like? 这个句型常常用来询问某人的长相或某事的情况(包括天气情况)。4. —It’s too hot. Would you mind _______ the door?—_______. Please do it now. A. to open, OK
B. opening, Certainly not
C. opening, Of course
D. to open, Good idea
【解析】此题陷阱选项为A。一方面是由于不了解mind的用法，另一方面的由于忽略造成的。mind后面接动词时要用其ing形式。由答语中的Please do it now. 可知“不介意”。正确答案为B。
5. —If you have any trouble, be sure to call me. —_______.
A. I am glad to hear that
B. I will. thank you very much.
C. I have no trouble
D. I will think it over
【解析】此题陷阱选项为A或D。由于受汉语思维的影响很容易选择A或D。其实，问句意为“如果你有麻烦，一定要打电话给我”，这是一个表示请求的句子，对于别人的请求要么拒绝要么接受，而不能含糊其辞。正确答案为C。典型形容词和副词考题分析
1. We should keep _______ in the reading-room. A. quite B. quietly C. quiet
D.quickly
【解析】此题容易误选A或B。选A是由于不细心，把quite当成是quiet，草率做题造成的；选B是由于把keep误认为是一般的实义动词，修饰实义动词当然得用副词。其实，这里的keep连系动词，后面要接形容词作表语。正确答案为C。2. The light in the room wasn’t _______for me to read. A. enough bright B. brightly enough C. enough brightly
D. bright enough
【解析】此题容易误选A或B。选A的人是受的汉语思维的影响，enough bright翻译过来正好是“足够明亮”的意思，其实这并不符合英语的习惯，在英语中当enough修饰形容词或副词时一定要后置；选B的人没有注意所缺的成分是表语，作表语时应该用形容词而不用副词。正确答案为D。
3. She is _______of the two. A. the cleverest B. the cleverer C. the clever
D. cleverest
【解析】此题容易误选A。这是由于思维定势引起的。因为最高级的比较范围往往用of短语引出，那么一些考生一看到of一词就毫不犹豫地选择了A项。其实，由这里的two可知，两者中的比较只能用比较级，而且指特定的两者中“较……的那一个”时，比较级前往往要用定冠词the。因此正确答案为B。
4. —How far is the factory from here?—It’s about 4 kilometres _______. A. far B. long C. away
D. near
【解析】此题容易误选A。这是由于受到汉语思维的影响，因为译成汉语正好是“大约4公里远”。其实，问距离时可以用How far is …. ?，但是far不能与表示具体的距离连用，此时应该用away。因此，正确答案为C。
5. —Do you have enough men to carry these chairs?—No. I think we need _______ men. A. another B. other two C. more two D. two more
【解析】此题容易误选A或B或C。选A的同学是由于草率做题造成的，因为这里空格后面是个复数名词，而不是单数可数名词，因此不能选A。选B或C的同学是由于汉语思维的影响引起的，汉语中说“另外两个”，但是英语中要说other two或two more，这与汉语的习惯不一
4
5
样。正确答案为D。
其实，another后面也可以接一些表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词。如：If you give us another twenty minutes (= twenty more minutes), we will finish the work. 如果你再给我们二十分钟，我们就可以完成这项工作。6. He is taller than _______ girl in his class. A. any
B. other
C. any other
D. another
【解析】此题容易误选C。这是由于思维定势引起的。平时大家都熟悉这样的句子China is larger than any other country in Asia. Shanghai is larger than any other city in China. 于是than any other这个结构在同学们的头脑中已经根根深蒂固了。其实，到底要不要other, 关键是看主语是否也在比较的范围之内；如果在范围之内，就必须用other, 以此来避免与自身进行比较；如果不在范围之内，则不能用other, 因为没有必要把自身排除。这里主语he不属于girl in his class之列，不能用other, 因此正确为A。7. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _______ voice. A. the best B. a best C. the better
D. a better
【解析】此题容易误选A。这是由于思维定势引起的，许多同学认为最高级前加了定冠词the 肯定没错。其实，这是一个暗含比较级，它省略了一些我们很清楚的东西，句子的完整形式应为：I have never heard a better voice than her voice. 因此正确答案为D。
三道易错名词考题分析
1. _______ fathers made them have piano lessons. A. Peter and Ann’s B. Peter’s and Ann’s C. Peter’s and Ann
D. Peter and Ann
【解析】此题容易误选A或C。错误的原因是由于受思维定势的影响。平时考生们做多了“This is Lucy and Lily’s bedroom. ”这样的题，那么一看到这样的题就想到只是在后面一个单词后面用所有格。其实，到底用一个所有格，还是用两个所有格，取决于它们所修饰的名词：如果所修饰的名词是单数可数名词，就只在后面一个名词后面用所有格；如果所修饰的名词是复数可数名词，就两个名词都用所有格。正确答案为B。2. There are a lot _______ people today than yesterday. A. of B. / C. most
D. more
【解析】此题容易误选A。有不少考生因受“ a lot of +名词”这一思维定势的影响，一看到a lot，就选择了A。其实，该句中的a lot是用来修饰形容词的比较级more的，than引导的是比较状语从句。正确答案为D。
3. “Excuse me, are you _______? ”“No, we are _______. ”
A. American, Englishman
B. American, Germans
C. American, Germen
D. Englishman, Americans
【解析】先从词性来看，American 和 German 既可以用作名词也可以用作形容词，用作名词时，其复数形式分别为Americans 和 Germans；选项中的Englishman只能用作名词，其复数形式是Englishmen。
先看第一空：如果单从Excuse me, are you _______?来看，要是填Englishman，就应该在其前加不定冠词，即说成Excuse me, are you an Englishman? 但是，根据答语中的 we are…可知，问句中的you 其实是指“你”，而是指“你们”，所以如果用Englishman，就应换成 Englishmen 才对。由此可排除选项D。
再看第二空：由于German的复数是Germans，不是Germen，由此可确定C错误；再根据we are …可知，其后若用名词Englishman，必须要用复数Englishmen，而不能是单数，所以排除A。
所以此题答数为B。
两道中考英语冠词易错题分析
1. A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _______ second. A. / B. the
C. a
D. an
【解析】此题容易误选B。这是由于思维定势引起的，很多同学认为这里的second是序数词，前面应该用定冠词the修饰。其实，second是“秒”的意思。正确答案为C。
2. _______ India and China are of _______ same continent. A. /; the
B. The ; the
C. /; /
D. /; a
【解析】此题容易误选D。这是由于受汉语思维的影响造成的，因为译成汉语时这句话的意思是“印度和中国在同一个大洲”，汉语里说“同一个”，在英语中要说“the same”，这就是此题的陷阱所在。正确答案为A。语境·交际·常识●打好语境基础
所谓语境就是指上下文。解答中考单项填空题，不要只盯在空格那个地方，也不要只盯在含空格的那一个句子，而要理解整个上下文的意思才能作出选择。请看下面这道中考题：—You’re very ______, aren’t you? —Yes. Our team has won the game.A. happy
B. worried
C. sad
D. afraid
解答此题时你若只看问句，填任何一个答案都是正确的，当看到答句中的has w on the match才知道只有答案A正确。●打好交际基础
6
7
就是指考生还要懂得英语国家的人与中国人由于历史文化和思维方式的不同所造成日常交往中语言表达的不同。请看下面这道中考题：
—Your spoken English is much better! —______.A. Oh, no
B. You’re right
C. thank you
D. Not at all
当被别人称赞时，谦虚的中国人常说“不，哪里哪里”或“不，还差得远咧”等等，若按这种思维，很容易错选答案A或D；而西方人却是向对方表示感谢，所以答案是C。●打好常识基础
有的中考试题既不是考词汇知识也不是考语法规则，而是考查考生的生活经验和科普常识，比如超市、加油站、公园、学校等公共场所的标志和电视中的一些图标等等。因此，在平时的日常生活中要细心观察，多看书报多看电视，广泛涉猎，并注意生活经验和科普常识的积累。请看下面这道中考试题：
Which of the following weather signs means “windy”?
答案是D，因为这个图表示windy。答案A表示cloudy，B表示rainy，C表示sunny。中考英语典型代词考点易错题例析 1. I hear someone _______at the door. Please go and see who _______ is. A. knock, he
B. knocking, he
C. knock, it
D. knocking, it
【解析】此题容易误选A或B。这是由于汉语思维的影响引起的。大家都知道hear sb. do sth. 意为“听见某人做某事”，hear sb. doing sth. 意为“听见某人正在做某事”，这样一来很多人就会选择A或B，因为后面“去看看他是谁”从汉语的角度来看是没有错的。其实，在英语中常常用it来指代身份(姓名、职业等)不详的人。有人敲门时我们常常用英语问“Who is it?”正确答案为D。
2. Lucy and I are classmates. We _______ in Class One. A. all are B. are all C. both are D. are both
【解析】此题容易误选A或C。这里受到汉语思维的影响引起的，译成汉语正好是“我们都在一班”。表示两者都要用both，both一般放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前。正确答案为D。
3. There is _______ egg at home. Will you please get _______ for me, please?A. no, some B. not, some
C. not any, any
D. not an, any
【解析】此题容易误选C或D。这是由于死记语法条文引起的。因为大家都知道some一般用于肯定句中，而any一般用于疑问句或否定句中，这样一来A和B首先就给排除了。其实，在表示请求或建议的疑问句，如Would you like…? / What would you like…? / Could you/ I …? / What about…? / How about…? / Would/ will you please…?等等疑问句中习惯上要用some而不用any。又因为no可以直接修饰名词，而not必须加上a/an或any之后才可以接名词。因此正确答案为A。
4. —A latest English newspaper, please!
—Only one copy left. Would you like to have _______, sir?A. one
B. this
C. that
D. it
【解析】此题容易误选A。这是由于忽略语境和思维定势造成的。这里是在询问是否有报纸卖，很多同学认为这里最后一句话的意思是“先生，你是否想要一份”。其实，由上文中的Only one copy left. 可知，只剩下一份报纸了，这暗示了购买者别无选择，只能买“它”了。正确答案为D。
中考英语交际口语易错题10例(有详解)
1. —Don’t make any noise in the living room! My baby is sleeping. —_______. A. Sorry, I won’t
B. It doesn’t matter
C. Excuse me, I’m wrong
D. Certainly, I won’t
【解析】此题容易误选 C 或 D。一方面可能由于不知道 Excuse me. 与 Sorry. 的区别，而误选为C；另一方面可能由于不理解这一语境而误选为D。这里听话者是做错了事情，做错的事情首先应该说 Sorry 表示歉意，然后现表示不会再那样做了。正确答案为A。2. —I haven’t seen Jack for three days, is he ill?—_______. His mother told me that he was in hospital. A. I am afraid so B. I hope not C. I don’t expect
D. I am afraid not
【解析】此题容易误选B或D。一般来说我们不希望别人生病，如果不注意语境的话，就很可能误选为B或D。由下文His mother told me that he was in hospital. 可知Jack可能生病了。I am afraid so. 意为“恐怕是这样的”，常用来表示一种不太肯定的语气。正确答案为A
3. —Excuse me. May I use your computer?—_______. It’s broken. A. Sure
B. Yes, here you are
C. With pleasure
D. I’m afraid not
【解析】此题易犯草率答题的错误而误选A或B。对于别人的请求大多数要用肯定回答，如果没有下文的It’s broken. 选择A或B那肯定是正确的。由下文的It’s broken. 可知，这里应该拒绝对方的请求，故正确答案为D。这里I’m afraid not. 意为“恐怕不行”。4. —Can I get you something to drink, Mr Smith? —_______. I am thirsty. A. Here you are
B. No, thank you
8
9
C. You’re welcome
D. Yes, please
【解析】此题容易误选B。因为当对方问自己是否需要某物时可以说Yes, please. 表示接受，也可以说No, thank you . 表示拒绝。如果不注意看下文的I’m thirsty. 就很可能误选为B。正确答案为D。
5. —Your sweater is very beautiful, Joan!—_______.
A. thank you all the same
B. Not at all
C. Just so-so
D. thank you
【解析】此题容易误选B或C。在汉语中受到别人的表扬或赞美时往往感到不好意思，要谦虚一番，受汉语思维的影响就很容易选择B或C。在英语中受到表扬或赞美时往往要欣然接受，向对方表示谢意。如果草率做题此题也很可能会误选为A。正确答案为D。6. —What do you do? —_______. A. I am thirteen B. I work hard C. I’m fine D. I’m a student
【解析】此题容易误选B。What do you do? 所问的不是经常“做什么”，而是在询问对方的“职业”，它相当于What’s your job? 因此正确答案为D。
注意：以下句型的意思：What is he? (用来询问职业)他是干什么的？What does he do? (= What’s his job? ) (用来询问职业) What is he like? (用来询问长相或人品) 他长得怎么样？/他是怎样一个人？ How is he? (用来询问身体状况)他身体怎么样？How old is he? (用来询问年龄) 他多大了？
7. —Andy isn’t going out this evening, is she?
—_______. She has to stay at home to look after her sick mother. A. Yes, she is
B. No, she isn’t
C. Yes, she isn’t
D. No, she is
【解析】此题容易误选C。答语应译作“是，她不出去”才对，因此受到汉语思维的影响此题就很可能选C，但是这不符合英语的习惯。其实，否定的疑问句回答与肯定的疑问句的回答方式是一样的，答案肯定的就用“Yes, + 肯定的省略句”；答案是否定的就用“No, +否定的省略句”。只不过否定疑问句的答语中Yes要译作“不”，No要译作“是的”，这一点与汉语有点错位。例如：你是一名学生，假如有人这样问你：Are you a student? / Aren’t you a student? / You are a student, aren’t you? / You aren’t a student, are you? 那么你的回答都应该是“Yes, I am.”。只不过应注意在回答第2和第4个问句时Yes要译作“不”。
8. —Hello. May I speak to Mr. Wang?—Who’s calling, please. —_______.
A. I’m Mr. Wang
B. Mr. Wang is here
C. This is Mr. Wang speaking
D. Mr. Wang is calling
【解析】此题容易误选A或B或D。这是受的汉语思维的影响，因为汉语中在电话时常常说“我是某人”时，但是英语中不说“I am… / … is here. ”而习惯上说“This is … (speaking). / Speaking. ”正确答案为C。9. —I fell and hurt my leg just not.
—_______. A. Be careful
B. It doesn’t matter
C. I’m sorry to hear that
D. Nothing serious
【解析】此题容易误选A或B或D。这里也很容易受到汉语思维的影响，因为平时对方告诉我们说他或她摔倒了，我们总会对他或她进行安慰说一些“小心点”，“没关系”等等之类的话。而在英语中听到对方诉说一些不幸的事情时往往要说“I’m sorry to hear that. / Bad luck!”之类的话表示同情或安慰，这一点与汉语的习惯不一样。正确答案为C。10. —_______.
—thank you very much. I will.
A. Congratulations!
B. Best wishes to you
C. Please say hello to your family.
D. What a good wish to your family!【解析】此题容易误选A或B。因为A和B两项都可以用thank you very much. 来回答，如果不注意后面的I will. ，那么选择A或B的可能性是非常大的。正确答案为C。Please say hello to your family. 意为“请代我向你的家人问好”。
做好中考英语阅读理解题的实用技巧
1. 保持良好的精神状态。良好的精神状态对于考场上的考生来说非常重要。因为只有在心理放松的情况下，考生的精力才能够集中，思维才会敏捷，从而才能将自己的真实水平发挥出来。
2. 抓住中心句。阅读短文之前，先看短文是否有标题。若有，应给予高度重视。因为标题是文章主题的高度凝聚，它能给我们启发和想象，有利于加深对短文的理解，从而提高做题效率。另外，在没有标题的情况下，应充分重视短文的首、尾句。因为大多数文章都是按照“总---分---总”的结构布局的。据统计，英语中有60%-90%的主题句位于段首和段尾，短文的其他文字往往是对这些中心句的解释和说明。
3. 克服不良习惯，提高阅读速度。由于考试的时间有限，在保证不出偏差的前提下，一定要尽可能地提高阅读速度。倘若能注意克服以下不良习惯，就可以大大提高阅读速度：①心读。考场上不能出声阅读，于是有的考生就在心里读，有时考生的嘴唇也在动。这是非常不好的习惯，一定要下决心克服。因为这样做会直接制约着阅读速度的提高；②回视(指重
10
11
新阅读上文)。阅读中的回视是一种无效劳动，所以应一口气把文章读完，尽量不要回视。这坏习惯是慢慢形成的，不是一朝一夕就能克服掉的。在平时的学习中就应当引起注意并加以克服；③一个词一个词地看。阅读时，视线应从左向右跳跃式移动，着重扫描意群，同时注意意群中的重要单词，以寻求主要的语言信息。可将冠词、系动词、助动词及不定式符号等小品词一扫而过，不可一词不漏地全部都看一遍；④只读不记。正确的做法是：一边阅读一边用笔记下或标出那些与文后所设问题有关的信息。这样，在做题时就用不着重新查阅短文，至少不用一句一句地再寻找那些隐约有印象的信息，从而可以节省一些时间。4. 判断要有依据，推理要顺乎作者的意图。对于推理性或评价性之类的阅读理解题目，在材料中一般是找不到现成答案的，必须通读全篇，对所获信息加以筛选、提炼、推断，对作者的思想倾向，对文中提及的人物或事件可能产生的结局等，加以综合考虑才能得出正确结论。对这种题，不能以偏概全，不能“只见树木，不见森林”，不能以个人的想法代替作者的意图。
5. 遇到生词时，一定要沉着、冷静。中考英语试题中，一般是不会盲目地出现生词的，但不排除出现影响答题的生词，同时也可能出现猜测生词的题目，因为猜测词义也是阅读能力的体现，当然也在考查范围之列。遇到这种题目，只要理解了全篇材料的大部分内容，弄清了上、下文之间的内在联系，判断出它在文中可能存在的含义是不难的。英语中猜测词义的方法很多。如：
(1)根据上、下文进行猜测。这是最重要，也是最常用的方法。有些生词可以通过上下文的相关信息，或根据同位语，修饰语等猜测词义。例如：
The people who survived the earthquake cried bitterly over the bodies of their relatives.
【分析】一般来说，中考“阅读理解”题中的“词义猜测”，并不要求考生根据构词法去分析单词的词义，而是要求考生根据文中的有关信息对生词的词义进行推断性的猜测。联系上下文，不难看出：这些人的亲属死了，他们在哭，显然他们在地震中“survive”了。这个词不就是“幸存”之意吗？可见，这种词义猜测也是建立在对上下文的正确理解之上的。又如：
The pupils assembled in front of the school hall. They came together to listen to the headmaster announce the result of the sports meeting.
【分析】下文中的短语came together意思是“聚到一起”，由此可以推断出学生们是“聚集到”学校大厅里听运动会的结果的。故该词的意思是“聚集”。
(2)利用构词法进行猜测。英语的构词法大致可分为派生、转化和合成等。例如：
Man differs from most from all the other animals in their ability to learn and use languages.
【分析】不难发现，本句中的生词differ跟different是同根词，搭配也是from，其前有man，其后有animals，根据这些信息可以断定动词differ此处有“和……不相同”、“与
……存在差别”之意。
这里要特别强调一点，大部分阅读题目在设计过程中，已充分考虑到了生词对答题的影响。对于那些对答题无关紧要的生词，如人名、地名、产品商标名称或影视剧目名称等，一般是不加注汉语的，只要能推断出那些生词的类别就可以了，不必弄清其准确含义。对于那些一时难以断定其意思又不妨碍理解的生词，大可不必理会。
另外，熟词新义也是应当引起重视的。英语词语往往具有一词多义，在不同的场合它所表达的意思就不一定相同。如果仅仅用它的主要或常用的词义来理解一篇文章，就可能产生误解，或者根本无法了解作者的意图。如果一时间想不起该词的其他含义，可根据上下文来判断该词的词义。特别是那些关键词，必须仔细推敲。●实战训练●A
Have you ever heard of e-books? E-books are electronic books. They are no larger than an ordinary book, with a screen on which you can read.How does the e-book work?
First, you call up websites on your computer and select books that you want. There are thousands of books provided by different websites on the Internet. Then download the books you like on to your e-book. You can download about 10 books at a time. Now you can just sit back and enjoy yourself reading.
Compared with ordinary books, e-books have many advantages. First of all, e-books save space. You can put as many as 10 books into a thing no bigger than a pocket radio and then carry it everywhere. You can renew reading materials in your e-book as many times as you like. With the development of e-book technology, probably an e-library will appear. Then you just take your e-books there and download what you want to read. You no longer need to worry about whether your books are over-due or not.根据短文内容，选择可以完成句子的最佳答案。1. E-books are ________.A. electronic books
B. no larger than an ordinary book
C. very popular in big city
D. A, B and C
2. First, you ________.
A. call up websites on your computer
B. read books that you want
C. turn on your e-book
12
13
D. download the books you like
3. You can download ________ books at a time.
A. two
B. ten
C. twelve
D. twenty
4. E-books ________.A. save space
B. save money
C. look like a pocket radio
D. carry it easily 5. There must be an ________ in the future.
A. e-book
B. e-mail
C. e-library
D. e-house B
Eager to open up a space tourism market, a Russian company presented a “space place” model. It would give tourists the chance to spend an hour in space.Anybody who can pay about $100,000 would be able to experience zero gravity. About 100 people have already booked seats to fly on the C-21 plane. The US company helped the first space tourist, Dennis Tito, to secure his flight to the International Space Station. Tito is said to have paid $20 million for the eight-day trip. C-21 would offer tourists a small glimpse of space. The aircraft, carrying a pilot and two passengers, will be positioned on top of a carrier airplane until it is 17,100 metres in the air. Once released from the carrier, the ship’s own rocket will send it to a height of over 96 kilometers for three minutes of weightlessness. Then C-21 will slide back into the atmosphere and land like an ordinary plane. The entire flight will only take about an hour.(from www.zkenglish.co m )
仔细阅读短文，补上每个句子中所缺的词，使句意完整，语句连贯。
6. A ________ company would give tourists the ________ to spend an hour in space.
7. About 100 people are ________ to spend $100,000 for ________ on the C-21 plane.
8. Dennis Tito is the first ________ ________. He have paid $20 million for the eight-day trip in space.
9. A ________ and two ________ will be positioned on top of a carrier airplane.10. C-21 will ________ back into the atmosphere and ________ like an ordinary plane.
C
Once a boy who wanted to fly covered his arms with feathers. He used wax to keep the feathers on. But he flew too close to the sun. The wax melted. The feathers came off. Down came the boy!
This is just a story. But it tells us that man has always dreamed of flying. In 1783, this dream came true. Two French brothers invented the hot-air balloon. It rose a thousand feet high.
It took almost 100 years for men to move from the hot-air balloon to the first airship. It was invented in the late 1900s. It was a powered balloon.
In North Carolina of America, less than twenty-five years later, the Wright Brothers flew the first airplane. This first flight, in 1903, lasted less than half a minute. It covered just a few feet.根据短文内容，选择能回答所提问题的最佳答案。
11. Why did the boy come down from the sky? Because ________.A. he covered his arms with feathers B. he used wax to keep the feathers on C. he flew too close to the sun
D. the wax melted and the feathers came off 12. Who invented the hot-air balloon?A. Two French brothers. B. the Wright Brothers. C. Benjamin Franklin.
D. Einstein.
13.When was the first airship invented?A. In the late 1900s.
B. About 100
years ago. C. A and B.
D. Many years ago.
14. How about the first airplane?
A. The Wright Brothers invented the first airplane.
B. It flew less than half a minute and a few feet high.
C. This first flight was in 1903.
D. It was born in North Carolina of America.【答案与解析】
1. D。根据E-books are electronic books. They are no larger than an ordinary book, with a screen on which you can read 可知答案为D。
2. A。根据First, you call up websites on your computer and select books that you
14
15
want可知答案为A。
3. B。根据You can download about 10 books at a time(你每次大约能下载10本书)就能确定答案。
4. A。根据First of all, e-books save space. You can put as many as 10books into a thing no bigger than a pocket radio and then carry it everywhere(首先，电子书节省空间，你能放10本书进入比口袋收音机大不多的一件东西里，且可携带到任何地方去)可确定答案。
5. C。根据With the development of e-book technology, probably an e-library will appear(随着电子书技术的发展，电子图书馆就会应运而生)就能确定答案。
6. Russian, chance。根据Eager to open up a space tourism market, a Russian company presented a “space place” model. It would give tourists the chance to spend an hour in space(人类渴望开发太空旅游市场, 一家俄罗斯公司提出一项“太空住所” 样式，将给旅游者提供1小时在太空潇洒的机会)足能敲定要填的词(from https://www.doczj.com/doc/63310966.html,)。
7. eager, flying。根据Anybody who can pay about $100,000 would be able to experience zero gravity. About 100 people have already booked seats to fly on the C-21 plane (任何能负担得起大约10万美元的人都能体验飞行时之失重状态，约有100人已经预定了飞向太空的C-21 型飞机的座位)足能敲定要填的词。
8. space tourist。根据The US company helped the first space tourist, Dennis Tito, to secure his flight to the International Space Station. Tito is said to have paid $20 million for the eight-day trip(美国公司帮助第一位太空旅行者丹尼斯·提托安全飞行到太空站上，据提托说他付了两千万美元旅行了8天)足能敲定要填的词。9. pilot, passengers。根据The aircraft, carrying a pilot and two passengers, will be positioned on top of a carrier airplane until it is 17,100 metres in the air(载一个飞行员和两名乘客的太空船安放在一架航空母舰上，一直飞行到17,100米的高度)足能敲定要填的词。
10. slide, land。根据Then C-21 will slide back into the atmosphere and land like an ordinary plane(然后C-21就滑回到大气层中，像一架普通飞机着陆到地面上)足能敲定要填的词。
11. D。根据 Once a boy who wanted to fly covered his arms with feathers. He used wax to keep the feathers on. But he flew too close to the sun. The wax melted. The feathers came off (从前, 一个胳膊上绑着羽毛的男孩想飞向蓝天。他用蜡把羽毛粘在胳膊上，由于飞得离太阳太近，蜡融化了，羽毛脱落了) 显然, 选项A和选项B都不是原因，选项C是原因，选项D才是最佳答案。
12. A。根据 Two French brothers invented the hot-air balloon(两个法国兄弟发明了
热气球)就能确定选项。
13. C。根据 It took almost 100 years for men to move from the hot-air balloon to the first airship. It was invented in the late 1900s可知答案选C。
14. B。根据This first flight, in 1903, lasted less than half a minute. It covered just a few feet(1903年诞生了第一架飞机，飞行不到半分钟，仅飞了几英尺高)可知答案选B。
备考现在完成时的六个要点
现在完成时是初中英语中最重要也是最难掌握的一个时态，同时它也是中考英语中一个最重要的时态考点，许多同学们对现在完成的用法似懂非懂，具体做题时也往往是跟着感觉走。本文结合初中英语的教学内容和中考英语的考查特点，为同学们归纳学好定语从句必须注意的五个方面，供大家参考。一、弄清基本构成方法
现在完成时由“have / has+过去分词”构成。其中的have / has 为助动词，构成疑问句时，可将其提前；构成否定句时，可直接在其后加not。二、掌握两种主要用法
现在完成时主要有两种用法，一种是已完成用法，也叫影响性用法；另一种是未完成用法，也叫持续性用法。两种用法的特点是：
1. 已完成用法(影响性用法)：该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成，并且这个过去发生并完成的动作对现在有影响或结果，同时说话强调的或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果。如：
She has left. 她离开了。(对现在的影响或结果：她现在不在这儿。)
Has she found her car key? 她找到她的车钥匙了吗?(对现在的影响或结果：她能开她的车了吗?)
I have finished my work. 我的工作做完了。(对现在的影响或结果：现在我没事了。)He has eaten nothing today. 他今天什么也没吃。(对现在的影响或结果：他现在一定很饿。)
2. 未完成用法(持续性用法)：该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作并未在过去完成，而是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去(也可能到此结束)。如：How have you been? 你近来怎样?
She has been a teacher for 20 years. 她已当了20年的老师。How long have you lived here? 你在这里住了多久了?
They have been married for ten years. 他们结婚已经10年了。I’ve known her for a long time. 我认识她很长时间了。
16
17
注：除以上用法外，现在完成时还可表示过去的重复动作甚至将来动作。如：He has always gone to work by bike. 他总是骑自行车上班。
I’ll go to bed when I’ve finished my homework. 我做完作业后就上床睡觉了。三、注意通常连用的副词
现在完成时通常连用的副词有already, never, ever, just, before, recently等。如：We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。He has never driven a car before. 他过去从未开过车。Have you ever been a teacher? 你当过教师吗?She’s just been to a party. 她刚参加一个晚会回来。I’ve just had some photos taken. 我刚照了几张相。
但是，若不强调动作对现在的影响，这些副词也可用一般过去时。如：He just arrived in Japan. 他刚到日本。
Such things didn’t happen before. 那样的事以前没有发生过。I hear that he went abroad recently. 我听说他最近出国了。四、注意since与现在完成时的关系since不管用作介词、连词还是副词，句子(主句)谓语通常都用现在完成时。如：I haven’t seen her since last week. 自上周以来我一直未见过她
I met him in 1975 and haven’t seen him since. 1975年我见过他，但自那以后就一直未见到他。
We have been good friends since we met at school. 自从读书相识以来，我们一直是好朋友。
注：表示时间长度时，通常用一般现在时代替现在完成时。如：It’s a long time since I met you last. 好久不见了。
It’s about six months since we arrived here. 我们到这里大约有半年了。五、注意现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时的已完成用法很容易与一般过去时相混淆，其区别是：前者强调对现在的影响和结果，后者不强调这个影响和结果，而是强调这个动作发生的时间是在过去。如： I’ve lived here for ten years. 我在这里住了10年。(现在仍住这儿)I lived here for ten years. 我在这里住过10年。(现在不住这儿了)Has he got up? 他起来了吗? (着眼现在情况)
Did you get up very early? 你起来很早吗? (着眼动作本身)
I’ve got no news from him. 我没听到他的消息。(不知道他的情况怎样)I got the news from Jim. 这消息我是从吉姆那听来的。(单纯谈论动作)
六、掌握have been to 和have gone to的用法区别
两者均可后接地点，前者表示去过某地，通常可与表示次数的状语连用；后者表示到某地去了，强调说话的当时去某地的人不在场。比较：She has been to Europe twice. 她到欧洲去过两次。She has gone to Europe. 她到欧洲去了。(即现在不在这儿)注：若其后不是接名词，而是接副词，则不用to。如：He has been abroad many times. 他多次出国。He has gone home. 他回家去了。
做好选择填空的六项注意
1. 注意暗示的语言信息
当今许多考题不再像以往那样直抒题意，而是把题置于一个特定的环境。这样的选择题常在题干上附带文字信息。这种信息就是答题的关键，所以要认真研究暗示信息，结合所学知识点，选出最佳答案。例如：
(1) Is there ______ food in the fridge？I’m hungry. A. some
B. any
C. something
D. anything
本题是考查不定代词的用法，从题干上可知C、D不作定语，应考虑A、B两个选项，这时就需要领会附加成分I’m hungry. 的含义，它的意思是“我饿了。”，言下之意希望冰箱里有食物，即希望肯定回答，故选A。 (2) ______ have you been to Xi’an？—Twice. (from https://www.doczj.com/doc/63310966.html,)A. How soon B. How m any times C. How often
D. How long
本题主要是对疑问词的考查，由于A用于将来时态，D用于表段时间，本题只有在B、C中选择了。有的同学一见Twice就会选C，本题的关键也确实在Twice这个附加成分上，仔细分析Twice，它表示“两次”，并不是多久两次，故选B。 2. 注意思维定势的影响
“思维定势”在这里是指我们习惯的思维方式，学生往往受所谓“语法习惯，固定搭配”等思维方式的影响，凭借自己“丰富”的解题经验，盲目地选择答案。当然，凭经验有一定的快速答题优势，但它有时又往往干扰考生做题。做这样的题，我们要仔细分析题干，找准考点并逐个排除选出最佳答案。例如：
(1) There are a lot ____ people today than yesterday. A. of
B. most
C. /
D. more
有的同学一看此题，就会认为选A，因为是固定搭配a lot of。如果我们仔细分析一下题干
可知，此句有一连词than引导的比较状语从句，这是个比较结构，排除A、C项，B是最高级
18
19
应排除，故答案理所当然应选D。本题的考查点应是副词a lot修饰比较级m ore，意为“多得多”。
(2) Shanghai is larger than ____ city in New Zealand. A. any other
B. other
C. all other
D. any
此题是考查比较级句型，很多考生就容易误选A，因为“比较级＋than any other ＋名词”这一比较模式在学生的思维中已成定式，印象很深。可是新西兰这个国家与上海所在国家(中国)不是同一地理范围，上海不是与本国的城市相比，而是与它国的城市相比，不必排除“自身”这个比较对象。不必加other一词。故本题选D。3. 注意英语习惯表达，排除母语干扰
由于英美人的文化习俗和我们中国人不一样，因此在不同的场合，不同的时间，对待不同的事情，我们不能想当然按我们的思维方式答题，而应该用英美人的思维方式。例如： (1) —Would you like some more fish？—______, I’m full.
A. Yes, please
B. No, thanks
C. No, I won’t have it
D. Yes, I won’t to
本题考查英语的口语表达习惯，在西方国家，想接受或拒绝对方盛情时用“Yes，please.”或“No，thanks.”，由题意应选B。而很多学生受母语“我想要”或“不想”的影响，易误选C。
(2) —You are a beautiful girl. —_____.
A. No，I am not beautiful
B. thank you
C. Not at all
D. I’m not so beautiful as you.
本题应选B。根据英美人士的习惯，当别人夸奖或赞美你时，你不应过分谦虚，而应该表示感谢以示礼貌和自信(尽管明知自己在此方面不行)，千万别受母语影响，说一些自谦的话而选A或C。
4. 注意一些特殊的语法现象
在英语中，有一些看似不和常理的特殊用法，很容易给学生造成误解而答错题。例如： (1) I will ring you up when I ____ Wuhan tomorrow. A. will reach
B. reached
C. reaches
D. reach
本题考查的是动词时态，有些同学一见从句后有tom orrow，就选A，实际上在我们学习语法知识时有这样一条“如果主句是一般将来时态、情态动词加动词原形、祈使句时，由if引导的条件状语从句和when，until，be-fore，after，as soon as引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时”。所以本题应选D。 (2) He told m e that the sun ____ in the east.
A. rose
B. had risen
C. rises
D. have risen
本题是考查动词的时态，有些同学认为当主句是过去式时，宾语从句应是与过去有关的各种时态，很容易选B。如果我们仔细分析一下that引导的宾语从句，就可知“太阳从东方升起”应是一种自然现象。我们都知道表述客观真理、自然现象和客观规律时，不受其他条件影响一律用一般现在时，故本题应选C。5. 注意一些其他学科知识对答题的影响
有些同学在做题时，往往英语意思明白，可是由于其他(如：天文、地理、历史、生活等)知识欠佳而失分。英语和汉语一样都是人们用于学习其他知识的工具，所以我们不能为学英语而学英语，而应把它加以运用。例如：
(1) The People’s Republic of China was founded.
A. on October 1, 1949
B. 1949, on October 1
C. in October 1, 1949
D. 1949, in October 1 (2) Which is ____, the moon or the earth？A. big
B. bigger
C. biggest
D. the biggest
显而易见，题1涉及历史知识“中华人民共和国建立于1949年10月1日”，根据这一历史知识应选A。题2涉及的是天文知识“地球与月亮哪个大”，两者相比用比较级，故本题选B。 6. 熟记语法知识，注意习惯用法
近年来，有的中考题淡化了语法知识考查，但记牢最基本的语法知识仍有利于我们理解题意和答题。
The farm ers are all busy ____ apples. A. pick
B. to pick
C. picking
D. to picking
根据语法知识，be busy的习惯用法是be busy后接动词-ing形式。故本题应选C。像这样的固定用法还有enjoy doing sth, keep(sb ／sth )doing sth, finish doing sth, can’t help doing sth, feel like doing sth, m ind doing sth, prerfer doing sth to doing sth 等等。
中考英语书面表达背诵范文（二）
一、Great changes in my hometown
More than twenty years ago, my hometown was just a small , old and poor town. Most of people were farmers. There were few factories. The people didn’t have enough food to eat and wore old clothes. They had a hard life .
Great changes have taken place in the past twenty years . The people have found a lot of ways of making money . Now there are many tall buildings .
20
21
They are very beautiful . Roads are wide and clean . People can take buses or drive their own cars to go to work . Many people have cell phones and personal computers. People’s living conditions have improved a lot . Thanks to the government’s efforts . my hometown is becoming more and more beautiful .
二、Save the earth
How to protect the environment has become one of the biggest problems in the world .
It’s our duty to protect our environment . No matter where we live , we should do something to keep our neighborhood clean and tidy . We can collect waste paper or other waste things for recycling. We should plant more trees and we should prevent those factories from pouring waste water into rivers, lakes and fields. We shouldn’t leave rubbish everywhere and spit in public places . We mustn’t pick the flowers or step on the grass in public. If everyone tries his best to protect the environment , the world will become much more beautiful and our life will be better and better .
三、Improve our environment
Good environment can make people feel happy. To improve the environment means to qualify our life . What should we do to improve our environment ?
We should plant more trees . And we should prevent those factories from pouring waste water into rivers , lakes and fields . Whenever we see litter on the ground , we should pick it up and throw it into a dustbin . Don’t spit in public places . Don’t draw on public walls . It’s our duty to keep our earth clean and tidy .
四、Pollution around us
In recent years our life is becoming better and better. But our environment is becoming worse and worse. It’s very bad for our life. Now many people have air-conditioners and cars, they produce (give off ) waste gas. More and more trees are being cut down. There are so much sand on the earth (leaving only sand ) . We often see factories pour waste into rivers or lakes. Water in the river is quite dirty. We haven’t enough clean water to drink in cities. Now we are in danger. It’s very necessary and important to protect the environment well.
I think if everyone tries his best to protect the environment, the world will become much more beautiful , and our life will be better and better .
五、Make our world more beautiful !
Protecting the environment is becoming more and more important to humans .
It’s our duty to take care of the nature around us . Animals and plants are our best friends ., and we should share the world with them . We shouldn’t kill wild animals , and we must protect forests because they are animals’ home . We must plant more trees and grass , they can make the world greener . The more beautiful the world is, the happier lives we will have . Let’s do our best to make the world beautiful.
六、Keep our school clean
We are studying in this school. It is our duty to keep it clean and tidy. It is not good to spit in public places, such as in the library, in the class. We shouldn’t leave rubbish here and there. Don’t draw pictures on the wall, they influence the look of our school . We should keep the classroom clean and tidy. And we should do some cleaning often. If everyone tries his best to do something
useful for our school, I’m sure our school will be more beautiful .
七、My country life
I like to live in the countryside. I live in a small village. There is a river near it. Lots of trees are around my house. I can see a lot of farms and birds. There is less noise. The air here is cleaner and fresher. There are fewer cars. I read aloud early in the morning. When it is getting dark, the moon is bright in the sky. It’s very quiet . What a nice place I live in !八、How to learn English well
As we know , English has become an international language. It is more popular than any other language in China . English is widely spoken in the world and it is the most useful language around the world . But how to learn it well ?
The best way is to use it all the time . If we can talk in English , think in English we can learn it well . At school , we should learn to hear , speak, read and write carefully . We should spend enough time in practicing English . If we keep on working hard at English , we will be able to be good at it one day
22
23
.
九、How I learn English
Hello, everyone. It is my honor to talk with all of you about how to learn English well . I like English very much . I always preview and master the main idea of the lesson before class. In class , I listen carefully , speak loudly and write carefully and take notes if necessary . After class , I do my homework carefully . I watch English movies and listen to English songs . I have booked an English newspaper . It’s Times English Post , I can learn a lot from it . I am not afraid of remembering the new words because I master many good methods . I hope you work hard at English and make progress every day . That’s all .
十、How I improved my English
When I began to learn English, I was poor at it. I was quite worried at that time. Later I 1istened to the teacher attentively in class, and made notes carefully. If I had any question, I asked my English teacher or my classmates for help. Every morning I read the English texts aloud and listened to the English tapes. In the evening, after finishing my homework, I always read some English and magazines.
Now I am one of the best students at English in my class.
十一、The importance of English
English is the most widely spoken in the world. It’s spoken by most people in the USA, Great Britain, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. It’s also very widely used as a foreign language in many other countries of the world. It’s widely used for business between different countries. More than three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English, too. It is really a bridge to so much knowledge . English is used by travellers and business people around the world. It’s one of the world’s most important languages as it is so widely used. That’s why more and more people in China are interested in learning English.
English is so useful that we must learn it well . Now let’s work hard at it and see who learns it faster and better in our class .
十二、I want to be an inventor
TVs, telephone, fridges, cars, planes, computers and many other things are
important inventions. They have greatly changed our life. Many people have their ideas and wishes. They want to invent some new things for the world. I am one of them. I want to be an inventor in the future, Inventions can bring fun and happiness to our life and make our daily life more convenient. Our life will become better and better. Now I am a high school student. I will try my best to work hard at my lessons to make my dream come true.
十三、I want to be a tour guide
I want to be a tour guide because Beijing will host the 2008 Olympic Games. There will be many people to come to China from all over the world. Most of them don’t know Chinese. They want to visit many interesting places in China. I can
be one of the guides. I can make much money, too. How happy I will be! So from now on , I must study hard. I am going to learn English every day. I will try my best to make it come true.
十四、I like the Internet
The Internet is playing an important part in our daily life. It’s very useful. I often search the Internet for some information. I can read the latest news, do some shopping, and get all kinds of information from it. I can also download the information that I need and I can send e-mails and make telephone
calls to my friends on the internet. The most important thing is that I am able to study all my lessons on the Internet.
The Internet makes my life more interesting and colorful and it has a wide effect on my study and daily life. I like the internet very much. How about you / Will you have a try ?
十五、The Internet
The Internet is becoming more and more important to us. Without it, we can’t do work better. We can go shopping without going out of our houses. And we can listen to music or watch movies on the Internet. It can also help a lot with our study. We can learn much knowledge on different subjects, and get information as soon as possible. But now, some of us work, study or play on the Internet for long time, especially for young people to play computer games.
It’s bad for our eyes and health. If we make good use of the Internet, it will be our best friends and help us a lot .
24
25
十六、Computer
Computer is a wonderful machine. It’s a great invention in many years. It develops very quickly. The smallest computer is as big as a note-book. We call it pocket computer. Computer becomes more and more important in many ways. It has touched the lives of everyone, even people in faraway villages. It helps us to do with all kinds of information and we get knowledge from it. It can give us a lot fun.
十七、The importance of water
Of all the things we eat and drink, water is the most important. We can live without food for many days, but two or three days without water, usually makes people die.
However, not all of people understand this. They keep throwing rubbish into the rivers or lakes . Some factories even pour waste water into the river. As a result, many rivers and lakes have become so dirty that the water is no longer safe for people to drink .
Let’s do our best to keep the water clean to save ourselves .
十八、Water
Water is very important for our life. Every day we use water to drink, too cook and to wash. Water is necessary for all plants. They need water to grow. People can’t live without water. Plants will die without water. It is important to all living things. However, many people pollute lakes and rivers with waste water, so we must stop some people or some factories from wasting water or polluting water and help keep the water clean. At the same time we should save as much water as possible.
十九、I like sports
I feel that taking exercise is good for our health. I often felt tired when I was studying before. From this term I keep on running when I get up in the morning. After class I often go to play basketball with my friends. Now I feel much better than before and I never feel tired when I am studying And I improve a lot in my lessons. So please take exercise as often as possible .
二十、Introduce yourself
My name is Li Lei . I was born in Fuzhou on December 15 ,2000 . I’m studying at Yucai Middle School. I learn Chinese, math, English, physics, chemistry, politics, and so on. I like English best. My favorite sport is football. My hobbies are drawing and computer. I’m very happy to live in a happy family. There are 3 people in my family. My father is a doctor. My mother is a teacher. We love each other very much .
二十一、My best friend
My best friend is --- He is 15 years old. We are both in the same class. He works very hard. He is never late for school and he does well in all his lessons. He is always ready to help others. My math is very poor, so he often helps me with my math after class. His parents are both teachers. They are very busy, so he often helps do the housework at home. He is a little shorter than me but he is very strong. He likes playing football very much at school. We often play football together and he plays it pretty well . He gets on well with us . Everyone in our class likes him .
26
27
2010年中考英语词组大全
1. welcome to s.p. 欢迎到……welcome here. 欢迎到这儿。
2. welcome there. 欢迎到那儿
3. welcome home. 欢迎到家里来。
4. be going to do sth. 打算做……
5. have fun doing sth. 愉快地做……
6. call one’s name 点名
7. It doesn’t matter. 没关系.
8. on time 准时
9. Thursday, September 10th 9月10日,星期四10. a card for sb. with one’s best wishes
11.
送给…的卡片,致以某人最良好的祝愿.
12.Thank you for teaching us so well. 谢谢你教我们教得这么好.13.Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助.14.Thank you for your hard work ! 谢谢你的辛勤工作.
15.Best wishes for Teachers’ Day ! 致以教师节最良好的祝愿 !16.We wish you a Happy Teachers’ Day. 我们祝你教师节愉快 !17.want sb. to do sth. 要某人做某事18.give a talk to sb. = give sb. a talk 给某人做报告 19.give a talk to sb. about sth. 给某人做有关…的报告20.in class 在课堂上21.think about … 考虑……22.have an idea 有了一个主意23.talk about … 谈论有关……
24.the difference between…and… …… 和……之间的区别/不同25.That’s a good idea. 那是个好主意.26.full name 全名27.given name 起的名字28.first name 名字29.middle name 教名30.family name 姓https://www.doczj.com/doc/63310966.html,st name 姓32.for example 例如33.to many people 对许多人来说
34.the meaning of … ……的意思https://www.doczj.com/doc/63310966.html,e sth. with sth. 把…和…一起使用36.be different from sth. 与…之间的不同37.be short for… 简称为……
38.call….sth.forshort 把…简称为… ** 39.in English-speaking countries 在讲英语的国家40.one’s close friend 某人的密友
41.What is the difference between…and…? … 和…之间的不同点是什么? 42.such as… 象……43.of course 当然44.I’m not sure. 我不清楚.45.I’m afraid I’ve no idea. 恐怕我不知道.46.know a lot about sth. / sb. 非常了解某事/某人47.I’m going to the shop. 我打算去买东西.48.buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. 给某人买某物49.make sb. a card 制作一张卡片
50.give sb. one’s best wishes 向某人致以最良好的祝愿51.wish sb. a Happy Teachers’ Day 祝愿某人教师节愉快52.try to do sth. 尽力做某事53.try doing sth 试做某事54.the students at school 在校的学生55.sound like sth. 听起来象…56.sound + adj. 听起来…57.have to do sth. 不得不做…58.many times 许多次59.not…any more 不再…
60.ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事61.think of … 想/想起…62.a waste of time 浪费时间63.say sth. with a laugh 大笑着说… ***64.right now 就在现在
65.email sb . 给某人发电子邮件66.write one’s email 写电子邮件67.than before 比以前68.on a …trip 在…的旅行期间
28
29
69.go on a …trip 去…的旅行70.take / make / have a trip 去…的旅行71.study about… 学习…72.of course当然
73.go shopping / swimming / boating / skating / 去买东西/去游泳/去划船/去滑冰
walking / climbing / dancing / hiking / 去散步/去爬山/去跳舞/去远足sight-seeing / house-hunting / hunting / 去观光/去找房子/去打猎shooting / cycling 去射击/去骑车
74. agree with sb. 同意某人75.a kind of … 一种的…76.some kinds of … 一些种类的…
77.( many ) different kinds of … (许多)不同种类的…78.go to the mountain 去爬山79.have a field trip 去野外旅行80.go on a picnic 去野餐81.next holiday 下一个节日82.the day after tomorrow 后天
83.on one’s field trip 在野外旅行中84.hike to s.p. 徒步旅行到…85.on the top of the… 在…的顶上86.have a picnic 去野餐
87.have a problem doing sth. 做…有一个难题88.have some problems ( in ) doing sth.做… 有一些困难89.go / hike the wrong way 走/旅行错了路90.start / begin to do sth. 开始做某事91.trip over sth. 被…绊倒92.get sb. to s.p. 把某人带到…93.Hurry up ! 赶快94.I’m tired. 我很累了.
95.tie one’s shoes 给某人的鞋子绑鞋带96.I’m going to die. 我快死了. ***97.pour water 倒水
98.the first one to s.p. 达到…的第一人/最先达到…的人99.go to the party 去参加晚会100.go this way 这边走
101.That’s the wrong way. 那是条错路.102.It takes too long. 它太花时间了.***103.take sb. doing sth 带领某人做某事104.at that time 在那时105This is going to be fun. 这将很有趣106.See you then. 到那时见.107.fall into the lake 跌进湖里108.feel like… 觉得…109.take sth. with sb. 带上…110.get to s.p.达到…
111.have a lot of fun hiking 有许多有趣的旅行 112.the coming field trip 即将到来的野外旅行113.go to s.p. for a field trip 到…去进行野外旅行114.be far from … 远离…***115.put sth. in order 有秩序地放好…116.have a good drink 大喝一顿117.take sth. out of … 把…拿出来118.eat a lot 大吃一顿119.The more, the merrier. 越多,越高兴. 120.Mid-autumn Festival 中秋节121.on Mid-autumn Day 在中秋节122.be free = have time 有空123.be free to do sth. 有空做……
124.eat/have a big dinner/lunch/supper 吃一餐丰盛的饭/午饭/晚饭125.a small round cake with nuts and meat 有坚果和肉馅的小圆月饼126.something sweet 甜的东西127.at the store 在商店里
128.at this time of day 在白天的这个时候129.Would you like / love to do sth ? 你想要做……吗?
130.Yes, I’d like / love to. = Yes, I’d like / love that. = OK. = All https://www.doczj.com/doc/63310966.html,e over to s.p. ( for sth. ) 过到……来( 做……)132.That’s good. 太好了!133.an e-mail from Lucy to her friend in the USA 一个露茜发往她在美国的朋友的电子邮件
134..know about… 了解……
30
31
135.know more about sth. 更多的了解……136.know a lot about … 非常了解…… 137.get together 聚集在一起138.get sth together 把……放在一起139.eat / have a big dinner 吃一餐丰盛的饭140.taste a little like … 尝起来有点象……141.in the open air 在户外142.look bright and round 看起来既圆又亮143.Thanks for asking us. 谢谢你邀请我们.144.Thanks for having us for dinner 谢谢你邀请我们吃晚饭145.a little hungry 有点饿 146.have a taste ( to sth. ) 尝一下……147.not … any more 不再……148.during the festival 在节日期间149.of all 在所有当中150.of us all 在我们所有的人当中151.of the three 在我们三人当中 152.What….for ? 为了……?
153.Let’s take this one. 让我们买这个吧.154.be free 有空155.Good night ! 晚安.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/63310966.html,e for one’s Thanksgiving dinner 来吃感恩节晚餐157.much bigger 大得多158.a little older 小一点159.have a lot to eat 有许多东西吃160.we each = each of us 我们每个人161.welcome to s.p. 欢迎到……162.smell good 闻起来很香
163.be thankful for sth./sb. 对……表示感谢164.have to do sth. / has to do sth. 不得不做165.feed the animals 喂养动物
166.some sheep 一些羊 167.on the farm 在农场168.in the country 在乡下169.in town 在城镇
170.i n t h e f i e l d s 在田地里 171.in the city 在城里172.walk slowly 慢慢的走https://www.doczj.com/doc/63310966.html,e sth. to do sth. 用 … 来做…174.do farm work 干农活
175.hear sb. / sth. doing sth. 听 … 在做…hear sb. / sth. do sth. 听 … 做完…agree with sb. 赞成； 同意 agree to sth. 同意做…176.like sth. / sb. better 比较喜欢… like sth. / sb. best 最喜欢…177.in summer 在夏天
178.play with sb. 和 … 一起玩….179.get up early 很早起床 180.pick corn 采摘玉米 181.at night 在晚上
182.until late at night 一直迟到深夜183.help sb. with sth. 帮 … 做 …
184.be with sb. in s.p. for the summer 和…一起在…渡暑假185.leave school 毕业186.ask for leave 请假
187.I am going to college. 我要去上大学。188.want to be a….. 想要成为一名。189.learn more about …… 更多得了解190.learn how to do sth. 学习做 … 的方法191.Have a good time skating ! 祝你滑冰滑得愉快！192.Shall we do … ? 我们做…好吗？193.Let’s do …. 让我们做…
194.How / What about sth. / doing sth. ? 我们做…怎么样？195.Why not do sth. ? 我们为什么不做…？ 196.Why don’t you do sth. ?
Ok. / All right. / Good idea. / Sure. / 好！ / 行！/ 好主意！/ 当然！ Certainly. / Yes, please. / No problem. / 一定！/ 请吧！/ 没关系！ No, let’s do sth. / No, I don’t think so.
32
33
197.Would you like to do sth. 你想做…吗? Yes / Thanks, I would love to.
198. What do you think of doing sth.? 你认为做…怎么样？199. May / Can / Could I speak to … ? 请叫…接电话？200. I’d like to speak to sb.,please. 我想叫…接电话。201. Speaking ! 请讲。 This is sb. speaking. 我是…. Sb. speaking. 我是….202.Who is that / it ? 你是谁 ？Who is that / it speaking ?
203.Is that sb. speaking ? 你是谁 ？
Yes, it is.
204.Hold on, please. 请稍等Hold on for a moment, please.
205.Can I take a message for you ? 我可以替你转告吗？206.I call you to tell you that …. 我打电话是想告诉你…207.Nothing much. 没什么事/可说的。208.have an idea 有了一个主意209.No problem. 没问题210.on land 在陆地上
211.begin one telephone conversation 开始在电话上交谈212.each time 每次
213.It is …( adj.) for sb./sth. to do sth. （对于）某人（来说）做某事（是）…
214.on holidays 在假日215.many other … 其他许多的……216.the animals in cages 关在笼里的动物217.in forests 在森林里218.have nothing to do 没有事情做219.do nothing but do sth. 只得做某事220.walk round and round 走了一圈又一圈222.get out ( of … ) （从…）中出来223.feel / be sorry for … 对…感到遗憾224.be friendly to sb. 对某人友好https://www.doczj.com/doc/63310966.html,e up to sb. 向…走上来
https://www.doczj.com/doc/63310966.html,e up to do sth. 走上来做某事227.fall in the water 掉进水里228.go to the cinema 去看电影229.go on a picnic 去野餐
230.Work must come first. 工作（学习）第一。231.cook…with… 用…煮…232.right now 马上/立刻233.look lovely 看上去很可爱234.It is great fun doing sth. 做某事很有趣235.teach sb. how to do … 教某人如何做某事236.lie down 躺下
237.put sth. into … 把……放进…238.dance to the music 和着音乐跳舞240.say “Hello” to sb. 向某人问好241.say “Good morning” to sb. 向某人问早上好242.say good-bye to sb. 向某人道别/说再见243.say OK to sb. 同意某人的看法245.say thanks to sb. 向某人道谢246.say sorry to sb. 向某人道歉247.far away 远离…248.next to… 在 … 的隔壁249.in front of … 在 … 的前面250.at / in the front of … 在…的前部251.at the back of … 在…的后部252.in the front row 在前排253.in the back row 在后排254.in the middle of … 在 … 的中间255.in the center of … 在 … 的中心
256.on the left / right ( side ) of … 在…的左/右边上257.on one’s left/right ( hand side ) 在…的左/右边上 258.outside / inside … 在…的外/里边259.between … and … 在…和…之间
260.Excuse me. Where is the nearest …? 请问, 最近的…在哪儿 ?261.Excuse me. Is there a … near here ? 请问, 这儿附近有…吗 ?262.Excuse me. Which is the ( right ) way to … ? 请问, 那条是去…的路 ?
34
35
263.Excuse me. How can I get to …? 请问, 我去…该怎么走 ?264.Excuse me. Which way shall I take to … ? 请问, 我去…该走哪条路 ?265.Excuse me. Can / Could you tell me the way to …?
请问, 你能告诉我去…的路吗?
266.Excuse me. Could you tell me which is the ( right ) way to …? 请问, 你能告诉我那条是去…的路 ?267.Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get to the …?
请问, 你能告诉我去…该怎么走 ?268.Excuse me. Could you tell show me the way to …?
请问, 你能告诉我去…的路吗 ?269.Excuse me. Can / Could you help me to find …?
请问, 你能帮我找到去…的路吗 ?270.Walk on/along. 或 Go on/along. 继续走。/ 朝前走。271.walk/go along the … 沿着…走
272.It’s about … along ( on the left / right ) 在前面大约…(的左/右边上)。
273.It’s about … away ( from here ) 那(离这儿)大约…远。274.It’s over there on the left/right. 在那儿的左/右边上。275.It’s quite far/near ( from here. ) 它（离这儿）很远/近。276.It’s about … minutes’ walk (from here). 它（离这儿）大约有…分钟的路程。277.The nearest ( … ) is … away. 最近的…有…远。278.take the … turning on the left / right 在第…拐弯处向左/右拐279.turn left / right at the … crossing 在第…个十字路口向左/右拐280.turn left / right into …( road/street ) 向左/右拐进…281.take a number 10 bus 乘第十路公共汽车282.take bus No. 10 乘第十路公共汽车 283.get off the bus at … 在…下车
284.You need a number 10 bus. 你要乘第十路公共汽车。285.take a taxi 乘出租汽车
286.catch a bus ( to s.p. ) 乘公共汽车去….287.You can’t miss it. 你不会看不见它的。288.ask sb. for help 向…求助289.stand in a row 站成一排
290.in front of the class 在全班同学面前291.put one’s hands behind one’s back 把手放在…的背后
292.put one’s hands in front of sb. 把手放在…的面前293.pass sth. from one … to another 把…从…传到另外一个…294.keep one’s eyes closed 把…的眼睛闭着295.open one’s eyes 张开…的眼睛296.do sth. as sb. do 象…（人）那样做297.at this moment 就在这时298.have only three guess 只猜三次299.do with … 处理; 利用300.read the map 查地图301.look at the map 看那地图302.at / in a college 在大学里
303.find it ( adj. ) to do sth. (某人)觉得做…很… 304.around … 在…的周围305.take sth. with sb. 带着…306.on the map 在地图上307.feel well 觉得很好https://www.doczj.com/doc/63310966.html,e on 快点; 来吧
309.I’ll take you there. 我在你去那儿。310.once a week 一周一次311on the top of … 在…的顶上312.on the train 在火车上313.right now 马上； 立刻314.in the city of Toronto 在多伦多城315.in the building 在这建筑物里 316.on the fifteenth floor 在15层楼上 https://www.doczj.com/doc/63310966.html,e a lift to go up and down 电梯上上下下318.get into the lift 走进电梯319.get out of the lift 走出电梯320.walk to the lift 向电梯走去321.The lift takes sb. to … 电梯把你载到…322.start work 开始工作323finish one’s work 做完工作324.do sports 进行体育锻炼325.after work 下班之后326.on the …team 在…队里
36
37
327.a little later 有点迟 328.get back home 回到家329.do the same thing 做同样的事330.take a train to work 乘火车去上班331at the shopping center 在购物中心332in the game 在游戏中
333show sb. ( sth.) on the map 在地图上（把…）指给…看334a place called Gum Tree 一个叫桉树的地方335a small town about eight kilometers from the city of Richmond
一个离里士满城约八千米远小镇
336.be good at … 擅长于…337.be better at … 比较擅长于… 338.be the best at … 最擅长于… 339.be on duty 在值日340.be a little ill 生了点病341.I am sorry to hear that. 很抱歉让你说起那件事。342.look after oneself 照顾好自己343.keep healthy 保持身体健康344.be back to school 回到学校345.at the hotel 在饭店里 346.at a restaurant 在饭馆里347.sell sth. to sb. 把…卖给某人348.be away 外出； 出差349.be out 外出； 不在家350.be in / at home 在家里 351.be back 回来了
352.travel a lot = travel to many places 旅游了许多地方353.discuss business 谈生意354.enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做… 355at the same time 同时356.think of … 认为…357.feel tired 感到很累358.the year before last 前年359.half an hour ago 半个小时前360.two and a half hours ago 两个半小时前
361.two hours and a half ago 两个半小时前362.a moment ago 刚才363.just now 刚才
364.on a plane / bus / train / ship 在飞机/公共汽车/火车/轮船上 365.at a museum 在博物馆里366.in the living room 在起居室367.call sb. ( up ) 打电话给…
= ring sb. up 打电话给…= give sb. a telephone call 打电话给…= give sb. a ring 打电话给…= make a telephone call to sb. 打电话给…
368.call to tell sb. sth. 打电话告诉某人…369.There was no reply. 没人回电话
= There was no answer. 没人回电话= No one answered the telephone call. 没人回电话370.by the way 顺便问一下371.look tired 看上去很累372.give up （ doing sth. ） 放弃373.have an exam 考试374.have a headache 头痛375.have a meeting 开会376.have a talk with sb. 同…交谈377.have a try 试一下
378.have a look ( at …) 看一下 …379.have a rest 休息一下380.have a good time 过得很愉快
381.have a walk 散步一下382.have a drink 喝一杯383.have a swim 游泳
384.have a big dinner 吃一餐丰盛的晚餐385.have a light breakfast 吃了点早饭386.have a problem with sth. …有毛病 / 问题387.put sth. right = mend sth. 修理 …388.My job is to do sth. 我的工作是做…。389.work hard ( at … ) 努力学习 / 做…
38
39 390.get up 起床
391.do some exercise 进行户外活动
392.do morning exercises 做早操
393.drive to s.p. 开车到…去
394.It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花去某人…（时间）
395.Every minute counts. 分秒必争。
396.keep a diary 坚持记日记
397.help sb. ( to ) do sth.= help sb. with sth. 帮…做某事
398.talk with sb. = talk to sb. 和…交谈
399.lots of … = a lot of … 许多的…
400.every year 每年
401.have a long holiday 度个长假
402.have a good rest 好好休息一下
403.stay with sb. 和…呆在一起
404.do some reading 读点书
405.do some running 跑跑步
406.do some shopping 买点东西
407.do some writing 写点东西
408.do some speaking 练习口语
409.do some washing 洗点东西
410.do some cleaning 打扫卫生
411.have a lot of fun 玩得很高兴
= have a good time 玩得很愉快
= enjoy oneself 过得很愉快
412.be at a meeting 正在开会
= be having a meeting 正在开会
413.sleep well 睡得好
414.all the time 一直
415.first…then… 首先…然后…
416.be home from work 下班后回到家里
417.learn from … 向…学习
418.go on a trip 去旅行
https://www.doczj.com/doc/63310966.html,st night 昨晚
https://www.doczj.com/doc/63310966.html,st year 去年
421.read the morning newspaper 看晨报
422.start doing sth.= start to do sth. 开始做……
423.at breakfast 在吃早饭时
424.say goodbye to sb. 向…道别
425.finish doing sth. 做完…
426.in the supermarket 在超市里
427.have a good / bad memory 记忆力好/坏
428.all the time 一直
430.listen to sb. 听…说话
431.watch/see/hear/feel sb. do sth. 看/看/听/感到…做了某事
432.watch/see/hear/feel sb. doing sth. 看/看/听/感到…在做某事
433.talk to sb. = talk with sb. 同…交谈
434.at night 在夜晚
435.try to do sth. 尽/努力做…
436.look tired 看上去很累
437.have no/much time to do sth. 有很多/没有 时间做…
438.on the way to s.p. 在去….的路上
439.be born in…/on… 出生在……
440.move to s.p. 搬到…
441.enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做……
442.enjoy the life in … 喜欢…生活
443.at first 起初/起先/首先
444.at last 终于/最后
445.most of … 大部分的…
446.Good luck with … 祝……好运
447.all kinds of … 各种各样的…
448.fly to sp. 乘飞机去…
449.at lunch ( time ) 在吃午饭时
450.go to sleep 睡着了
451.as usual 象往常一样
452.in the fields 在田地里
453.give / make a concert 举办一场演唱会
454.go to a concert 去听一场音乐会
455.at / in the concert 在音乐会上
456.one’s first visit to sp. 在某人第一次参观/访问…时候
457.pay / make a visit to sp./sb. 访问某人/参观某地
大学英语语法系列讲座 情态动词 中国地质大学（武汉）外语系许峰 情态动词(Modal V erbs)又称为情态助动词(Modal Auxiliaries)。英语中助动词主要有两类：一是基本助动词，如have，do，be等；二是情态助动词，如may，must，need等。情态动词与其他动词连用表示说话人的语气，可表达建议、要求、可能、意愿等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。在大学英语考试中，情态动词部分主要重点测试以下内容：情态动词+动词完成式。 情态动词must, should, may(might),ought to, can(could),need, would等都可以与动词完成式连用作谓语，其模式为“modal verb+ have+ v-ed”。这类结构表示对过去所发生动作的推测或判断。但是，不同的情态动词所表示的意思又有所不同。 1.must+have+v-ed和can't/couldn't +have+ v-ed “must+ have+ v-ed”表示对过去事情较有把握的、肯定性的推测，常译为“一定”，“准是”，“肯定”。当must用于推测意义时，其否定形式通常不是must not，而是can/could not。“can't/couldn't + have+ v-ed”表示对过去事情的否定性推测，常译为“决不可能”，“不太可能”。 例1：Since the ditch is full of water, it must have raine d last night.既然水沟里积满了水，可见昨天夜里一定是下过雨了。 例2：—You realize that you were driving at 100 mph, don't you? —No, officer, I couldn't have been. This car can't do more than 80. ——“你刚开车的速度为每小时100英里，不知道吗?” ——“不，警官先生，我不可能开那么快，因为这辆车每小时的速度不可能超过80英里。” 经典考点1：Mary's score on the test is the highest in her class; She have studied very hard.(CET-4，1989年6月) A)may B)should C)must D)ought to 巧解 本题应选C。must have v-ed表示推测过去某事一定发生了；may/might have v-ed 表示推测过去某事也许发生了；should/ought to have v-ed表示“本应该…”，表达的是对过去所发生的事情的一种责备、埋怨、反悔的情绪。C项符合题意。本题句意是：玛丽的考试分数是班上最高的；她一定学习非常用功。 经典考点2：You her in her office last Friday; she's been out of town for two weeks.(CET-4，1996年1月) A)needn't have seen B)must have seen C)might have seen D)can't have seen 巧解 本题应选D。can't have v-ed表示对过去发生事情的否定推测；D项符题意。needn't+ have v-ed表示过去做了本不必做的事。本题句意是：上星期你不可能在她办公室见到她，她去外地已经两个星期了。 经典考点3：Mary my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.(考研，1991年)
九年级英语中考备考策略及采取的措施 龙山中学备课组 九年级的英语教学是中考前英语教学中最重要的一环，其方法很多，且各有各的特点，如果采用得当，时间把握得好，且落实到位，将会事半功倍，如果不当，那将会事倍功半、劳而无益。初三是初中学习生活的关键年级，学习内容多，要求高，强度大。一个多月后同学们就要参加中考，学生的状态应该是这样的、：树立明确的人生目标，拥有足够的学习动力，具有强烈的自信心;变“要我学”为“我要学”，时间安排合理，学习效率高;学习得法，不搞题海战术，既会学习，又会考试。 九年级的英语复习拟定分两个阶段进行，第一阶段从本学期第一周到第五周，第二阶段是从本学期的第六周起直到中考。第一阶段重点是完成初中阶段英语课本的基础复习，主要抓好以下三个方面的工作： 一、落实好三种类型的课堂。 1、七、八、九年级基础知识的落实：1）加大集体备课力度，确定每个模块的重点、难点。2）利用早读、自习及课后时间落实单词、范文背诵。 2、辅导课的开展：1）通过考试及平时的观察选定辅导对象，分层进行辅导。2）集体讨论确定辅导内容、研究辅导课授课形式。3）认真编选好每次辅导题目，上好每一节辅导课。 3、复习课型的落实：1）通过小测、月考、模拟考、统考查漏补缺，上好每一次的试卷讲评课。2）中考前进行三轮复习：第一轮：语法课（落实基础知识和语法知识）。第二轮：专项课（总结各题型的解题技巧）。第三轮：综合课（查漏补缺、系统梳理知识）。复习要梳理知识。在复习过程中，对已理解的知识要加以综合分析，概括提炼，抓住关键，锁定要点，串连知识，触类旁通，从而充实自己的学习成果。如，对初中所要求掌握的八个时态，可以按照“用法——构成——时间状语”三要点进行归纳整理。 二、教育学生应试答题技巧。
人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit12SectionB教材全解 Unit 12 What did you do last weekend? Unit 12 Section B教材全解 1.flew a kite放风筝 【重点注释】flew为fly的过去式，fly此处作及物动词，意为“放飞（风筝、飞机模型等）”，fly a kite=fly kites放风筝。例如：Can you fly a kite?你能放风筝吗？We flew kites in the park last Sunday.上个星期天我们在公园里放风筝了。My father helped me to fly the model plane.我的父亲帮助我放飞飞机模型。 【拓展记忆】fly还可作不及物动词：1）意为“飞，飞行”，fly to sw.=go to sw.by plane/air=take a plane to sw.乘飞机去某地。例如：I wanted to fly like a bird.我想象鸟一样飞。We flew to Beijing yesterday.昨天我们乘飞机去的北京。He flew back to London.他飞回了伦敦。Mr. Li flew to Shanghai.=Mr.Li went to Shanghai by plane/air.=Mr.Li took a plane to Shanghai.李先生乘飞机去上海了。2）意为“飞逝”。例如：How times flies!时间过得真快呀！ 2.swam in a swimming pool 在游泳池里游泳 【重点注释】swam为动词swim的过去式；swimming是动词swim的动名词形式，在此用作定语，表示用途或功能，即a swimming pool=a pool for swimming。类似的表达还有：a sitting room起居室，a reading room阅览室，a waiting room 候车室。 3.Did you do anything interesting last weekend?上个周末你做什么有趣的事情了吗？ 【重点注释】★anything意为“任何事情”，它是不定代词，常用于否定句或疑问句中。例如：He didn’t do anything this morning.今天早上他没做任何事情。★anything interesting意为“有趣的事；任何有趣的事情”，形容词interesting修饰不定代词anything应后置，在句中作后置定语（即形容词应位于不定代词之后）。【语法】当形容词修饰something/anything/nothing等不定代词时，形容词要位于不定代词之后。例如：He told us something interesting.他告诉了我们一些有趣的事。This isn’t anything important.这并不是什么重要的东西。Is there anything interesting in today’s newspaper?今天的报纸上有什么有趣的事情吗？ 【拓展记忆】1）不定代词something一般用于肯定句中；anything一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中；nothing表示否定含义，构成否定句。例如：I have something to tell you.→I don’t have anything to tell you./I have nothing to tell you.→Do you have anything to tell me?(Do you have nothing to tell me?) If you want anything,call me.如果你想要任何东西，给我打电话。2）something可用于提建议或请求的问句中，以及希望说话对方作出肯定回答的问句中。例如：Would you like something to eat?你想要吃的东西吗？3）不定代词在句中作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如：Nothing can make me cry.什么也不能使我哭。 的区别，然后补全“思考”和“结论”中所缺内容。
初三系列复习资料（5）代词考点集汇，讲解和训练 五、代词 【考点直击】 1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法；2 常见不定代词的一般用法； 3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法； 4. 关系代词的基本用法 5. 相互代词的基本用法； 6. 疑问代词的基本用法。 7. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法； 8. 指示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法 【名师点睛】 代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。 一. 人称代词 1.人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。 2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如： I like table tennis. （作主语）Do you know him?（作宾语） 3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如： ---Whos is knocking at the door? ---It’s me. 4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如： He is older than me. | He is older than I am. 二. 物主代词 1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示。
2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如： Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box. 3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语） --- Is this English-book yours? （作表语）--- No. Mine is in my bag. I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语） 三. 指示代词 指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。 1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如： This is a pen and that is a pencil． We are busy these days． In those days the workers had a hard time． 2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物，例如： I had a cold. That's why I didn't come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is important in learning English． 3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai． 4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking? 四. 反身代词 英语中用来表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我们自己"，"你们自己"等意义的代词称为反身代词，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。
中考英语复习全攻略 新初三的同学即将踏上备战中考的征途。在接下来一年的时间里，如何对英语学习进行系统的规划，怎样才能提高英语学习的效率，基础薄弱的同学如何在一年的宝贵时间里将学习成绩提上去？最近有不少网友向本人咨询此类问题，相信这也是每一位家长及学生关心的问题。 要想做好规划，首先要了解中考有考试说明的基本要求，我们可以看英语中考《考试说明》规定，英语命题全面考查基础知识、基本技能和通过听、说、读、写获取信息、加工信息、表达思想的能力。要求学生掌握的词汇、短语，包括直接引语和间接引语、并列复合句和主从复合句在内的语法。 从以上规定我们可以看出：考试注重双基（基础知识和基本技能），词汇、语法范围都有明确的界定。所以考生在备考中也要注重基础，牢记中考要求的词汇、短语并全面扎实的掌握中考说明规定的全部语法。 在明确考查方向和内容后，我们就可以相应地制定中考英语备考计划了。 一、回归课本，夯实基础。 在学习九年级新教材的同时，将课本知识系统复习一遍，特别是初一、初二单词还没有完全记住的同学，一定要及早动手，要在寒假之前将初中三年所学的全部词汇消灭掉，不仅要记往汉义、拼写还要掌握重点词汇及短语的用法。这是复习第一阶段的重中之重。 二、专项复习，各个击破 第二阶段就可以进入专项复习了。专项复习一般从语法开始，全面系统地梳理一遍语法，这一项可能需要的时间会略长一些，一般需一到两个月。然后根据中考题，分别进行单选，阅读理解，综合填空，阅读表达，书面表达的专项复习，要重点总结规律，提炼方法，寻找解题技巧。有些题型规律性很强，如综合填空，阅读表达，掌握其规律再加上适度的练习，就可以事半功倍，轻松拿取高分。听力部分一般对于考生来说问题不大，可以在平时一边跟老师练习，同时选一套听力资料，经常在家训练一下。口语方面注意平时尽可能多找机会开口说，最后书面考试结束后再经老师点拨一下，问题也不大。 三、综合模拟，查缺补漏。 在经过以上两个阶段后，就可以进入综合模拟了。综合模拟主要是通过模拟训练再一次对各个知识点和考点系统整理和强化，查缺补漏，同时通过实战模拟的方式，可以让考生熟悉中考的考试节奏、清楚时间的分配，训练学生的应试技巧和临场发挥能力。模拟训练还有助于克服考试紧张心理问题，让学生以积极、乐观、自信的心态走进考场。 根据基础，每位考生在每个复习阶段所需的时间可能会有所不同。好在初中所学知识内容不
人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit1SectionB教材全解 Unit 1 Can you play the guitar? Unit 1 Section B教材全解 1.Hello,I’m Peter.I like to play basketball.I can speak English and I can also play soccer.你好！我是彼特。我喜欢打篮球。我会说英语，也会踢足球。 【重点注释】①I like to play basketball.我喜欢打篮球。like doing sth.和like to do sth.都表示“喜欢做某事”，但动名词所表示的动作，在意义上比较一般和抽象，时间观念不强，不指某一次动作；动词不定式则常指某个具体的一次性的动作。例如：She likes swimming.她喜欢游泳（经常性的爱好）。She likes to swim this afternoon.她今天下午想游泳（特指某一次的动作）。另外，在搭配(使用方法)上，还有一点区别：（1）“like to do sth.”一般与“would”搭配，构成would like （would like 后面只能跟动词不定式，即woule like to do sth.），表示“意愿”。例如：I would like to swim with you .我愿意和你去游泳。Would you like to skate? 你愿意去滑冰吗？Would you like to have some bananas?你想吃些香蕉吗？（2）“like doing sth.”表示“爱好”。例如：I like watching TV.我喜欢看电视。Do you like singing ?你喜欢唱歌吗？ ②I can speak English and I can also play soccer.我会说英语，也会踢足球。这是一个并列句，由连词and连接两个简单句。and可以连接语法作用相同的词、短语或句子，表示并列或对称的关系，可翻译为“和；并（且）；又；兼”等。例如：Mille and Amy go to the park every week.米莉和艾米每周都去公园。They love playing football and we love playing football too.他们喜欢踢足球，我们也喜欢踢足球。 【比较记忆】Unit 1 Section A课文全析5：Lisa wants to join the chess club,but she can’t play chess.莉萨想加入国际象棋俱乐部，但她不会下国际象棋。but，连词，表示转折关系，意为“但是”。而and是表示并列、递进关系的连词，意为“并且”。例如：She can dance,but she can’t sing.她会跳舞，但她不会唱歌。I can play the piano,and I play it very well.我会弹钢琴，并且弹得很好。 ③副词also意思是“也”。例如：I’m 19 years old.John is also 19 years old.我19岁，约翰也19岁。 She can also speak English.她也会说英语。I also want some tea.我也要点茶。I know the answer,too.我也知道答案。 注意：too修饰形容词或副词，作程度状语时，表示“太，过分”之意。例如：He speaks too fast.他说话太快。The boy is too young.这个男孩太小了。 2.Hi,I’m Ma Huan.I can play ping-pong and chess.I like to talk and play games with people.嗨，我是马欢。我会乒乓球和国际象棋。我喜欢与人交谈和玩游戏。【重点注释】①I can play ping-pong and chess.= I can play ping-pong and I can play chess.我会打乒乓球，也会下国际象棋。I like to talk and play games with people.= I
2020年中考英语复习题系列5 人教新目标版 形容词、副词 △基本型 用所给单词或汉语提示的适当形式填空： 1. John is ________(tall) than Sam. (99北京) 2. Lin Lin is the ________ (young) in our class. (99北京) 3. the man took off his shoes and put them under his bed very _______(quiet). (1999辽宁) 4. Ann felt very _______ (happy) at her birthday party. 5. Which is _______ (far) from us, the sun or the moon? (99河南) 6. She looks _________ (thin) than me. (99成都) 7. It snowed ________ (heavy) last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (1998上海) 1. Mr. Benson seems to be the ________ (busy) man in the world. (98河北) 2. “The sooner, the ________ (good)”, Uncle Wang said. (98广东) 3. Jack has the ______ (little) bread of the three boys. (98吉林) 4. We don’t think their classroom is ______(干净) than ours. 5. Meimei walks as _______ (慢) as Lily does. (99兰州) 6. Who’s _______(好) than you at English in your class? (99西安) 7. The teacher asked us to take a _____ (仔细) look at everything in the lab.（98浙江）
英语中常用前缀、后缀(1) I．常用前缀（Prefixes）(1) anti-: against, opposite 反（对）；抗；非 anti-Japanese, antiwar, antislavery; auto-: of or by oneself 自己（做）的；自己；本身automobile; autobiography; auto-land; auto-criticism be-: cause to be or have 使，使显得；视作befriend; belittle; befool (愚弄, 欺骗, 糟蹋) bi-: two, twice, double 二，双，两倍 bicycle; bimonthly; biweekly; bio-: life 生命，生物 biochemistry; biosphere; biology centi-: hundredth part of 百分之一 centimeter; centigrade (百分度的) co-: with, together（和…）一起；共同, 联合 co-operation; coexist; cohabit con-: with, together（和…）一起；共同, 联合conjoin（联合）; cencentric（同中心的） col-:（用在字母l的前面）共同, 联合collocation （并置） com-: （用在字母m, b, 和p之前）compassion （同情） cor-: （用在字母r之前） correlation（相互关系） contra-: opposite 反对，相反，相对contramissile (反弹道导弹)；contranatural （违反自然的） counter-:Contrary; opposite; opposing与…相反；相对；对立的： counterattack; counterrevolution; de-: showing an opposite, to remove, to reduce 非，相反，除去，减少 decode (解密); devalue; decompose dis-: not, the opposite of 否定，相反disadvantage; disbelief; disavowal (否定, 拒绝) en-:cause to become, put into the stated condition 使成为，使处于…状态 endanger; enlarge em-: (用在字母m, b, 和p之前) 使成为，使处于…状态 embody (体现); empower (授权) ex-: former 以前的，前任的 ex-minister; ex-husband extra-: outside, beyond 超出，在…之外extracurricular (课外的); extraordinary fore-: in advance, before, in or at the front 预先，前，在前面的 foreleg (前腿); forewarn in-: not 不，非，无 inability; indirect; incorrect 英语中的主谓一致问题 1. 如果主语和谓语之间插入一个短语，如as well as, together with, in the accompany of, accompanied by, besides, in additional to, including, except, but, like, unlike, rather than, no less than 等等，这时谓语动词的数要与短语所修饰的主语相一致，这些短语对主语的单复数不构成任何影响。 The manager, together with his wife and children, is going to visit Canada next month. My uncle, as well as his colleagues, is leaving for home on Sunday. 2. 当作主语的名词前有every, each, either, neither, much, little, a little, whole 等修饰时，谓语动词用其单数形式，当有many, several, a few, few, a number of 等修饰时，用复数形式。但many a 修饰的名词后接单数形式的谓语。 Every man and woman is asked to vote. The situation goes against him. Many a boy like football. 当名词前有 all of, some of, most of, half of, the rest of, a lot of, the last, the reminder等修饰时，谓语动词的数要根据该名词的数而定。名词是复数，谓语为复数，反之用单数。 Let’s share the last apple. Half of the apple is for you. There are twenty apples. Half of the apple are for you. All butter is made from milk. Some of the water is polluted. 作主语的名词受数词，百分比，分数的修饰时，谓语动词既可作单数，亦可作复数，要视情况而定。
初中英语语法全解——句子 成分 一、主语 主语是句子的主体。它表示句子所说的是谁或是什么。主语一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。 二、谓语 谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语是与主语密切相关的动作或状态，是对主语的叙述。谓语由动词来充当。谓语大体上可以分为两类：简单谓语和复合谓语。 1.简单谓语 简单谓语：由一个动词或短语构成。 He read the poem aloud. 2.复合谓语 复合谓语：一般由两个部分构成，如：“助动词+实义动词”“情态动词+实义动词”“系表结构”等。 I can’t read your writing. 三、主谓一致 英语中，主语和谓语在人称和数方面要保持一致。主谓一致包含三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 （1）语法一致原则 主语和谓语通常在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
1.单数名词（代词）、不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；复数名词（代词）作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 The school needs help to teach music. 2.当and或both...and...连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Parents and students were invited to the school concert last night. 3.不定代词either,neither,each,one,the other,anybody,anyone,anything,something,someone,something,everything,everybody,everything,nobody,no one,nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Everything that you learn becomes apart of you and changes you. 高频考点 “either/neither of+复数名词或代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式或复数形式皆可。 Neither of them is/are good at swimming. 重点拓展 "the other/another+可数名词单数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;但“the other+名词复数”或“the other/another+数词(两个及两个以上)+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 There are two foreign boys in our class. One boy is from Canada,and the other boy is from England. The other two students are talking with each other in every English. 4."each, one，each one，every one等+of+名词或代词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Each of us has a schoolbag. Every one of the students is preparing for the exam. 5.“a number of+名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数 A number of issues were discussed. 疑难辨析
词类（一）—名词 名词是表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念名称的词。 一、名词的数????????),,(也可以有复数形式但在某些具情况下通常只有单数形式不可数名词 复数名词 单数名词可数名词 ▲ 可数名词复数形式的构成 1．规则变化： 1）直接在词尾 + s,读音：清辅音后读[s]，浊辅音和 元音后读[z]。如ball —balls; bed--_____; cat--____ 2）以s, sh, ch, x 结尾，+ e s,读音：[iz]。如address —addresses, march--_________, watch--______ bus--_________, box--________, class--_______, brush--__________ 3）以o 结尾 + es ,读音：[z],只有4个，tomato--_____;potato--______; negro 黑人--_______; hero--__ 其余以o 结尾的均 + s 即可。如radio--radios; photo--photos , piano--_______ （特殊：zero ——zeros / zeroes ） 4) 以辅音字母 + y 结尾，去y 为i + es 。如body —bodies, factory--_______, family--__________, country--__________, centry--___________, strawberry--_________; story--_______ (monkey--__________; holiday--___________) 5）以fe / f 结尾，去fe / f 为v + es,读音：[z]。如knife ——knives, wife--________; leaf--________; wolf--______; thief--_______; half--_________; life--__________ （roof —roofs,chef —chefs; chief —chiefs, scarf —scarfs, hankerchief —hankerchiefs, belief —beliefs ） 2．特殊变化： 6)改变单数名词中的元音字母。 如man —men; woman —women; foot —feet; goose(天鹅)—geese; tooth —teeth; policeman —policemen; mouse —mice; grow-up(成人)—grow-ups 7）单复数同形。如sheep; Chinese; dear; fish 8）只变化词尾。如child ——children; ox —oxen 9）只有复数形式。如glasses; trousers; clothes △ 名词是否可数，在英语与汉语中或有不同，如“smile (微笑)”，英语是可数的，而汉语是不可数 的。因此，判断一个名词是否可数，不能按我们的习惯，最可靠的办法是查字典。 △ 有些集体名词可作单数，也可做复数。作单数时指整体，作复数时指个体。常考有family, class, team, group, army （军队）等。 e.g. My family is going to move. 我家要搬了。(指整体) My family are watching TV now. 我的家人正在看电视。（指成员） △ a 或an 不可与不可数名词连用，在表示数量时，经常使用of 词组。 e.g. a pair of glasses, two cups of tea ；a piece of news; a piece of bread △ 有些名词虽以s 结尾，但在意义上是单数，作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 e.g. maths, news, physics （物理学科） △ 一些集体名词，单数形式具有复数意义，作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 e.g. people, police △ 合成名词：合成名词用作定语，常见有两种形式：① 数词-名词：a two-month holiday （一个两个 月长的假期）；② 数词-名词-形容词：a two-meter-long ruler （一把2米长的尺子）。 二、名词的所有格（’s ） 定义：表示名词与名词之间的所有关系的形式。 构成：1）名词的所有格一般用于有生命的名词。其构成多在词尾加上“’s”。 如：Tom’s bike, Marx’s works
中考复习系列一词汇 词类知识 一、中考要求： 词汇是英语的基础，而弄清每一个词的词类是用词、造句、阅读和写作的基础。词类在中考的考查一般通过在名词、动词、形容词等各种词性的考查中表现出来。如判断各类词在句子中可以作的成分来决定使用哪个词形，词与词之间的搭配关系等。 二、知识要点： 根据语法功能，词可分为十类：名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词、连词和感叹词。 1. 名词（n.）： 名词用来表示人、事物或抽象概念，如：boy 男孩，morning 早晨，duty 责任；在句子中主要作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语、定语等。例如： The tomatoes on the table are very fresh. 桌子上的西红柿很新鲜。（作主语） He is a doctor. 他是个医生。（作表语） We’ll call the baby Mary. 我们要给这个婴儿取名玛丽。（作宾语补足语） 2. 代词（pro.）： 代词用来代替名词或数词，如：we 我们，their 他们的，that 那个，several 几个；在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。例如： I know her sister. She is always ready to help others. 我认识她妹妹，她乐于助人。 （I和she作主语；her作定语；others作宾语） The English teacher is not himself today. 英语老师今天不舒服。（作表语） 3.数词（num.） 数词表示数目和顺序，即基数词和序数词。如：one 一个，thousand 千，twelfth 第十二；在句子主要作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。例如： Three of us are from Beijing. 我们中有三个人是北京来的。（作主语） You are the second one to come to see me. 你是第二个来看我的人。（作定语） We don’t need so many people. We need only five. 我们不需要这么多人，我们只需要五个。（作宾语） 4. 形容词（adj.） 形容词表示人或事物的特征，如big 大的，white白色的；在句中主要作表语、定语、补足语等。 Look! Your bike is bigger than mine. 看，你的自行车比我的大。（作表语） He found the door open. 他发现门是开着的。（作宾语补足语） 5. 副词（adv.） 副词表示时间、地点、程度、动作特征等，如：now 现在，often 经常，quietly 安静地；在句中主要作状语，修饰形容词、副词、动词、句子等。例如： She can sing very well. 她歌唱得非常好。（修饰副词well）
英语语法之主谓一致 (一)以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致 1：以-s结尾的疾病名称和游戏名称 ●疾病名称：arthritis〔关节炎〕，rickets〔软骨病〕等这类名词通常作单数用 Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. ●游戏名称：cards,darts等也通常作单数用 Darts is essentially a free and easy game. 2;以-ics结尾的学科名称，例如,physics,mathematics,mechanics等名词通常做单数用 Physics is an important subject in middle schoo l. 3；以-s结尾的地理名称，例如，the Unite States,the United Nations等名词作单数用 注：但若不是国名，而是群岛，山脉，海峡，瀑布等，通常作复数用 The West Indies ,apart from the Bahamas,are commonly divided into two parts. 4:其他以-s结尾的名词 ●剪刀，裤子，眼镜等名词通常作复数用，但如果带有单位词，由单位词的单复数形 式决定动词的单复数形式 如：One pair of scissors is not enough. Two pairs of pliers, one large and one small ,are missing from my tool box. ●英文中还有一些以-s结尾的名词，如：archives档案，arms武器，clothes, contents 内容、目录，eaves屋檐，fireworks烟花，goods货物，minutes记录，morals道德，remains遗体，stairs楼梯，suburbs郊区，thanks, wages等通常作复数用 如:The archives of this society are kept in the basement. 〔但也有少数这类名词可以单复数同行，如：whereabouts行踪，dramatics舞台艺术〕 ●凡是-ings结尾的名词，如clippings剪下来的东西，diggings掘出来的东西，earnings 收入，filings 锉屑，lodgings租住的房间，surroundings, sweepings等通常作复数用如：The clippings of the hedges are usually burnt. ●还有一些以-s结尾的单复数名词如：barracks营房，headquarters总部，means, series 系列，species , workers工厂等，随后动词的单复数形式取决于这些名词是用作单数还是复数。如： A barracks was stormed袭击by the enemy troops. Two barracks in the suburbs have been surrounded. 〈注：remains用于遗体意思时，随后的动词用复数，但如果是遗迹或剩余物时单复数均可用 如：He remains lie in the churchyard
简单句 担纲指导张道真 执行主编席玉虎 编著黄玉霞 孙晓芳 山西出版传媒集团·山西教育出版社 2013年6月第2版2014年3月第5次印刷 出版人雷俊林 出版策划苗补坤 责任编辑潘峰 ISBN 978-7-5440-6449-1 学习探讨英语语法请加微平台bbzdzyyyf 语法学习交流微平台纸介图书京东旗舰店纸介图书天猫旗舰店百度阅读手持媒体免费读
全国优秀畅销书，薄冰、张道真系列语法图书销售突破220万册！ 丨学英语，凭什么让我学语法吗？？？ 不时听到一些青年问道：学英语一定要学语法吗？语法应该怎么学呢？我们 就这两个问题简单地谈一点个人意见。 对中国学生来说，尤其是成年人，我看是学点语法好。语法，顾名思义，乃是语 言的法则和规律。学习语法，尤其是一些基本法则，至少有下列几个好处： 第一 可以使你学得快些，因为已有现成的前人总结的法则，用不着你从 头摸索。 第二 可以使你学得透些，因为通过语法对语言现象不仅可以知其然，而 且可以知其所以然。 第三 可以使你学得准些，因为语法法则就是一条条准绳，可以用以衡量 一句话是否正确。 第四 语法不但可以引你入门，更可以引你入胜，使你逐渐眼界开阔，语感加深，从而使你的英语水平不断提高。 丨那么应该如何学习语法呢？ 我认为在学习语法过程中，应该注意下面几点： 第一 基本概念最重要。在学习每个语法项目时，一定要把它的基本概念 搞清，牢记在心。 第二 要大量地实践，大量地练习。实践要包括听、说、读、写四个方面， 练习要着重说和写。 第三 学习语法时，应多用比较法。如对动词时态、冠词、介词、名词的 单、复数等较难的语法项目进行相互比较，效果就比较好。 第四 要将语法法则与习惯用法分开。碰到习惯用法，就不必钻牛角尖， 进行徒劳的分析。而习惯用法在英语中则是大量地存在着的。 第五 将一本语法书通读一遍，当然也不无好处。但最好将它作为工具书， 像词典一样地经常查阅，始能学得比较细致牢靠。 第六 实用英语语法只应是入门的向导，像一根拐棍一样。英语达到一定 水平之后，就应将它扔掉。起码不要让许多语法条条充斥头脑，影响你说和写的 流利性。 最后 可能还会有人说，语法应该学，就是太枯燥。我的感觉是：开头有 点枯燥，过些时候，就会像嚼橄榄似的，越学越有味了。如若不信，请试试看。