高中英语Unit20NewFrontiers_Lesson3ScientificBreakthroughs自我小测北师大版选修7

Un知识目标：1.To know about the scientific breakthroughs and the pioneers ofscience.2.To master the new words and use them correctly.预习检测：1. breakthrough [c]n.________2.dilemma [c]n.____________3. procedure n.___________4.meanwhile adv.___________5.correspond vi._________; → correspondence n.__________ ;→ correspondent [c]n.______6.望远镜___________7.薄雾n. ________8. 治愈vt.__________9.努力解决难以处理的事物________________10. 专利n.____________重点单词：1.dilemma n.1) Mary is facing the dilemma of obeying her father or marrying the man she loves.2) She was in a dilemma whether to say at school or get a job.【总结】dilemma 意思__________ 常与介词____搭配。

【短语】be in a dilemma_______; place sb in a dilemma______________【活学活用】1) Jim was_____________(左右为难) whether to go out with Bill or Joe.2) ____________________(医生的难题) was whether he should tell the patient the truth.2. donate vt.1) He donated 100,00 yuan to the Hope Project for those who cann’t afford their education.2) This computer was donated to us by a local firm.3) That businessman made a general donation of money to my school.【总结】donate 意思_______ 把某物捐赠给某人/物___________________【拓展】捐赠者[c]n. ___________ →捐赠；捐赠物n.__________________make a general donation to_______________As is well-known, she has ______ her books to library, which is a great help to our school.A. offerB. donatedC. givenD. supplying3. correspond vi.1) The America Congress corresponds to the British Parliament.2) Have you been corresponding with him since you graduated from the university.3) I assure you my actions will correspond with my words.【总结】correspond vi. 有三个含义：1) “相当，相应”, 常与介词____连用2) “符合，一致”,常与介词_______连用；3 ) “通信”,常与介词_______连用。

Unit 20 New Frontiers-Lesson3 ScientificBreakthroughs Ⅰ.翻译合成词1one­year­old2world­famous3far­reaching4double­checked5mass­producedⅡ.用括号内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空In 1929，another far­reaching finding 1.______(be made) by the son of a Scottish shepherd.Before he 2.______(go) on holiday，biologist Alexander Fleming left a dish with bacteria in it in his laboratory.When he came back，he noticed something strange.He double­checked and 3.______(see) a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria 4.______(be destroyed)．This blue mould was in fact the natural form of penicillin，which Fleming realised 5.______(be used)to kill bacteria.Ⅲ.单项填空1When you are in______，it is ______that you should wrestle with the difficulties in certain procedures.A．approval；unconscious B．diagram；explicitC．dilemma；premier D．absence；thankful2They invented a special microscope，______ was a patent，with which they could operate on the patients with______ organs.A．/；thrilled B．that；adjustedC．who；updated D．which；donated3Though we split two weeks ago，I have been ______with him by cell phones in a______way，and meanwhile he has offered a microwave as a birthday present.A．purchasing；adequateB．corresponding；outspokenC．guaranteeing；handyD．embarrassing；electronic4With the assistance of the______，the navy can send______ to hit the jets of the enemy despite mist.A．medium；certificateB．telescopes；missilesC．microscope；databaseD．colleagues；specialists5The______of experiment was that he found mould by accident，which was called penicillin to ______ the disease for the patients.A．issue；rescue B．outcome；cureC．enterprise；stop D．output；kill6Please remain ______ until the plane has come to a complete stop.A．to seat B．to be seatedC．seating D．seatedⅣ.完形填空I was on a bus one March evening.The driver didn't __1__ to start the bus soon because it was not yet__2__.A middle­aged woman got on.Tired and sad，she told her story__3__，not to anyone in particular.On her way to the station，half of her__4__ was stolen.The other half was hidden under her blouse，so she__5__ still had some left.A few minutes later，she stopped crying，but still looked __6__.When all the seats were taken，the driver started the engine.The conductor began to collect fares(车费)．When she came to an old man in worn­out clothes，he __7__that he had spent all his money when he had accidentally got on a wrong bus and now he was trying to go home.On hearing this，she ordered the old man to __8__ the bus.The old man was almost in tears as he __9__ her to let him take the bus home.The driver took the conductor's side and repeated the conductor's __10__.The woman was watching the incident.__11__ the driver and the conductor raised their voices at the old man，she interfered(干预)．“Stop__12__ him！Can't you see he's only trying to get home？”“He doesn't have any money！” the driver__13__.“Well，that's no __14__ to throw him off the bus，” she insisted.Then she reached inside her blouse，took out her__15__ money，and handed it to the conductor.“Here's his fare and mine.Just stop givi ng him a__16__ time.”All heads turned to the woman.“It's only money，” she shrugged.She rode the rest of the way home __17__ a happy smile，with the money she'd lost earlier __18__.On the road of life，the help of strangers can __19__ our loads and lift our spirits.How much sweeter the __20__ will be when we make it a little smoother forothers!1A.try B．care C．decide D．intend2A.empty B．full C．crowded D．ready3A.tearfully B．seriously C．carefully D．calmly4A.fare B．possession C．money D．wealth5A.strangely B．happily C．secretly D．fortunately6A.unsatisfied B．weak C．unhappy D．excited7A.explained B．declared C.admitted D．found8A.get off B．start C．get on D．stop9A.begged B．scolded C．praised D．thanked10A.request B．action C．suggestion D．command11A.Unless B．Although C．Until D．When12A.attacking B．bothering C．blaming D．wronging13A.warned B．whispered C．shouted D．repeated14A.problem B．need C．matter D．reason15A.spending B．collected C．remaining D．borrowed16A.busy B．cold C．hard D．fearful17A.giving B．wearing C．taking D．forcing18A.forgotten B．used C．earned D．returned19A.move B．increase C．lighten D．carry20A.world B．journey C．smile D．friendship参考答案Ⅰ.1答案：一岁的2答案：举世闻名的3答案：深远的，伸至远处的4答案：复查的5答案：大批生产的Ⅱ.答案：1.was made 2.went 3.saw 4.had been destroyed 5.could be used Ⅲ.1解析：从wrestle with the difficulties看出“要努力解决难以处理的事物”，第一空白处应该填入dilemma，说明“you”处于困境中，第二空白处应该填入premier表明“按照一定的程序对付困难是很重要的”。

Lesson 3 Scientific Breakthroughs一、单词拼写1He was faced with the d of whether or not to return to his country. 答案dilemma2The children were s into four groups.答案split3The (总理) d eals with important affairs of the state.答案premier4The policeman had to w with the case in order to catch the criminal.答案wrestle5It’s too early to know the (结果) of her illness.答案outcome二、完成句子1学生的年龄在19岁到22岁之间。

The st udents’ ages 19 22 years old.答案range from;to2他们拥有两套房子,另外还有一条船。

They own two houses, a boat.答案not to mention3他现在仍在同他的前任女友通信。

He is still his former girlfriend.答案corresponding with4我正要锁门,这时天开始下雨了。

I lock the door it began to rain.答案was about to;when5她下决心要让儿子改掉坏习惯。

She decided to her son his bad habit.答案cure;of三、阅读理解A(导学号59260014)Airtight plastic bags can help farmers protect their harvests without the use of harmful chemicals.These bags are designed to keep air out of crops in ing them is a simple way to fight insects and keep crops fresh.Ten countries in West and Central Africa are involved in a project to improve the storage of cowpeas,also known as black-eyed peas.Farmers can lose much of the harvest to insects called bruchids(豆象),which grow from eggs to adults in a few weeks and then lay forty to sixty eggs.They can destroy the whole harvest within months.Farmers can sell their crops immediately.But selling crops at harvest time means more competition and lower prices.Or they can use pesticides(杀虫剂) to kill the bugs.But a crop scientist Dieudonne Baributsa says,“They end up misusing or overusing the pesticide.In Nigeria,a lot of cases of death have been reported.They usually call cowpeas ‘killer beans’ in Nigeria.”Mr Baributsa is a researcher at Purdue University in Indiana,America.The project is called PICS—Purdue Improved Cowpea Storage.He says the storage bags are thick enough so that any insects already in the cowpeas will die from a lack of oxygen.The lack of air will also help prevent the growth of bacteria that can ruin the harvest.The bags cost about two dollars each.Mr Baributsa says that is not much,especially if it means farmers can wait long enough to get a better price for their crops.The bags are produced locally.Donors currently support the project,but the groups involved are working to build a lasting market for the bags because donation for the project will not last forever.A company based in the United States called GrainPro makes another kind of airtight bags.These are called Super Grainbags.Phil Villers,the company’s president,says storing a harvest safely not only helps farmers earn more money,but also reduces the amount of the harvest loss to insects,spoilage and mishandling.“What does not get wasted means it is possible to feed a hungry world,” said Phil Villers.1What is the best title for this passage?A.Simple Bags Save the HarvestB.Plastic Bags Kill the InsectsC.Bruchids Do Harm to the HarvestD.Pesticides Threaten Food Safety解析本文属新闻报道类文章,开头即点明了本文的中心,故选A项。

Unit 20 New Frontiers Lesson 3 Scientific Breakthroughs精美句子1、善思则能“从无字句处读书”。

读沙漠，读出了它坦荡豪放的胸怀；读太阳，读出了它普照万物的无私；读春雨，读出了它润物无声的柔情。

读大海，读出了它气势磅礴的豪情。

读石灰，读出了它粉身碎骨不变色的清白。

2、幸福幸福是“临行密密缝，意恐迟迟归”的牵挂；幸福是“春种一粒粟，秋收千颗子”的收获. 幸福是“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”的闲适；幸福是“奇闻共欣赏，疑义相与析”的愉悦。

幸福是“随风潜入夜，润物细无声”的奉献；幸福是“夜来风雨声，花落知多少”的恬淡。

幸福是“零落成泥碾作尘，只有香如故”的圣洁。

幸福是“壮志饥餐胡虏肉，笑谈渴饮匈奴血”的豪壮。

幸福是“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”的胸怀。

幸福是“人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青”的气节。

3、大自然的语言丰富多彩：从秋叶的飘零中，我们读出了季节的变换；从归雁的行列中，我读出了集体的力量；从冰雪的消融中，我们读出了春天的脚步；从穿石的滴水中，我们读出了坚持的可贵；从蜂蜜的浓香中，我们读出了勤劳的甜美。

4、成功与失败种子，如果害怕埋没，那它永远不能发芽。

鲜花，如果害怕凋谢，那它永远不能开放。

矿石，如果害怕焚烧（熔炉），那它永远不能成钢（炼成金子）。

蜡烛，如果害怕熄灭（燃烧），那它永远不能发光。

航船，如果害怕风浪，那它永远不能到达彼岸。

5、墙角的花，当你孤芳自赏时，天地便小了。

井底的蛙，当你自我欢唱时，视野便窄了。

笼中的鸟，当你安于供养时，自由便没了。

山中的石！当你背靠群峰时，意志就坚了。

水中的萍！当你随波逐流后，根基就没了。

空中的鸟！当你展翅蓝天中，宇宙就大了。

空中的雁！当你离开队伍时，危险就大了。

地下的煤！你燃烧自己后，贡献就大了6、朋友是什么？朋友是快乐日子里的一把吉它，尽情地为你弹奏生活的愉悦；朋友是忧伤日子里的一股春风，轻轻地为你拂去心中的愁云。

Unit 20 New FrontiersLesson 3 Scientific BreakthroughsCompound Words复合词1．把两个或两个以上的词结合在一起构成新词的方法叫复合法。

用复合法构成的词叫复合词。

复合词种类繁多，从词性上看有复合介词，复合连词，复合副词，复合代词，复合数词等，而数量最多的是复合名词，其实是复合形容词，再次是复合动词。

2．复合名词（1）名词+名词Lipstick, classroom, newspaper, workshop, bookstore, bloodtest（2）形容词+名词Highway, dark glasses, easy chair, broadcast, blackboard, freeway, mainland, newcomer, gentleman（3）副词+名词Overwork, upgrade, outhouse, outcomer, overcoat, afternoon, inland（4）动词+名词Chopstick, pickpocket, breakwind（5）动词-ing+名词Readingroom, sleepig-pill, dining-car,swimming-pool（6）名词+动词Snowfall, waterway（7）动词+副词Break-down, break-through, get-together, breakup（8）副词+动词Output, onflow, downfall（9）名词+介词+名词Son-in-law, father-in-law3．合成形容词（1）名词+形容词World-famous, homesick, snow-white, worldwide（2）形容词+形容词Light-yellow, red-hot（3）现在分词+形容词Steaming hot, cold biting（4）名词+现在分词Peace-loving, man-eating, earth-shaking, fun-loving（5）名词+过去分词Man-made, hand-made, snow-covered（6）形容词+现在分词Good-looking, easygoing, hard-working（7）形容词+过去分词Half-baked, hard-won（8）名词+名词+-edChicken-hearted, iron-hearted（9）形容词+名词+-edShort-sighted,warm-hearted,kind-hearted,blue-eyed,simple-minded,cold-blooded （10）形容词+名词New-type, everyday（11）动词+名词breakneck（12）副词+形容词evergreen（13）数词+名词+形容词Seven-year-old, eight-foot-high, three-meter-wide（14）副词+现在分词Hardworking, far-seeing（15）副词+过去分词Well-written, well-known（16）副词+名词Outdoor, indoor, underground（17）数词+名词+-edFour-footed, two-faced, three cornered （18）数词+名词400-merer,second-hand4．复合动词（1）名词+动词Sunbathe, sleep-walk（2）形容词+动词White-wash, blacklist（3）副/介词+动词Understand, overcome, overeat, underline 5．合成副词（1）名词+副词Head-on（2）名词+名词sideways（3）形容词+名词meanwhile（4）副/介词+名词Inside, downstairs, downtown, outdoors。

Section Ⅲ Lesson 3 Scientific Breakthroughs一、单词拼写1.What we could do is to d some money to them.答案：donate2.I hope to go to the medical school.In the m ,I am going to study chemistry.答案：meanwhile3.His teacher c him of his bad habits.答案：cured4.She was in a d whether to stay at school or get a job.答案：dilemma5.What’s the p for opening a savings account?答案：procedure6.His o remarks made boss angry.答案：outspoken7.He likes looking at the stars through a t .答案：telescope8.He got a p for this invention.答案：patent9.These cracks can be seen under a m .答案：microscope10.The patient’s immune system would reject the transplanted (器官).答案：organ11.We share a house and (分开) all the bills.答案：split12.He is studying in an America’s (最重要的) medical school. 答案：premier13.Early morning (薄雾) will soon clear.答案：mist14.(结果) is important,but process is more important.答案：Outcome15.He is an officer in the (海军).答案：navy16.The police officer (摔跤) him to the ground.答案：wrestled二、用方框内所给单词或短语的正确形式完成句子1.Public interest centers on the of next week’s election.答案：outcome2.His words made him an easy target for the opposite.答案：outspokenst year he $1,000 to cancer research.答案：donated4.I went to college.,all my friends got well-paid jobs.答案：Meanwhile5.He is applying for a for his new invention.答案：patent6.World peace is of importance to the whole world.答案：premier7.What is the for applying for a patent?答案：procedure8.I am with an American schoolboy.答案：corresponding9.A certain for this disease hasn’t been found yet.答案：cure10.The temperature between 30 and 40 degrees centigrade. 答案：ranges11.There was a rebellion in that country.The rebels soon the capital city.答案：took over12.It is hard to get a plane ticket at this time,so you’d better book one .答案：in advance13.This news is only between us two,so you shouldn’t it .答案：give;away14.The electricity suddenly last night and children burst out screaming.答案：went out15.She spoke so fast that I really couldn’t what she said at the meeting.答案：figure out三、单句语法填空1.If you had to choose the single most important discovery of the 20th century,you (have) a real dilemma on your hands.答案：would have2.Medical advances ranged discovering the causes of diseased under microscopes surgical procedures (replace) diseased organs donated ones.答案：from;to;replacing;withmunications changed with the introduction of mobile phones and the way we correspond went writing letters emailing. 答案：from;to4.The atom was (previous) thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe.答案：previously5.In the summer of 1905,this outspoken young man (rock) his one-year-old baby when he was suddenly inspired.答案：was rocking6.Einstein had already become world-famous a young ex-lawyer,(return) from the First World War,started work in California.答案：when;returning7.(use)the most high-powered telescope of the time,he began the long,slow process of (explore) the galaxy.答案：Using;exploring8.He double-checked and saw a blue mould in the dish around the bacteria had been destroyed.答案：which9.It used so much energy when it was turned ,the lights in the local town went out!答案：that;on10.There is no doubt about it.Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology,lucky or planned,the world as we know it today (be) a completely different place. 答案：whether;would have been四、阅读理解导学号39504026A world-famous Canadian author,Margaret Atwood,has created the world’s first long-distance signing device(装置),the LongPen.After many tiring book-signing tours from city to city,Atwood thought there must be a better way to do them.She hired some technical experts and started her own company in 2020.Together they designed the LongPen.Here’s how it works:The author writes a personal message and signature on a computer tablet(手写板) using a special pen.On the receiving end,in another city,a robotic arm fitted with a regular pen signs thebook.The author and fan can talk with each other via webcams(网络摄像机)and computer screens.Work on the LongPen began in Atwood’s basement(地下室).At first,they had no idea it would be as hard as it turned out to be.The device went through several versions,including one that actually had smoke coming out of it.The inventing finally completed,test runs were made in Ottawa,and the LongPen was officially launched at the 2020 London Book Fair.From here,Atwood conducted two transatlantic book signings of her latest book for fans in Toronto and New York City.The LongPen produces a unique signature each time because it copies the movement of the author in real time.It has several other potential applications.It could increase credit card security and allow people to sign contracts from another province.The video exchange between signer and receiver can be recorded on DVD for proof when legal documents are used.“It’s really fun,”said the owner of a bookstore,who was present for one of the test runs.“Obviously you can’t shake hands with the author,but there are chances for a connection that you don’t get from a regular book signing.”The response to the invention hasn’t been all favorable.Atwood has received criticism from authors who think she’s trying to end booktours.But she said,“It will be possible to go to places that you never got sent to before because the publishers couldn’t afford it.”1.Why did Atwood decide to invent the LongPen?A.To set up her own company.B.To win herself greater popularity.C.To write her books in a new way.D.To make book signings less tiring.答案：D解析：细节理解题。

Lesson 3 Scientific Breakthroughs一、单词拼写1He was faced with the d of whether or not to return to his country.2The children were s into four groups.3The (总理) d eals with important affairs of the state.4The policeman had to w with the case in order to catch the criminal.5It’s too early to know the (结果) of her illness.二、完成句子1学生的年龄在19岁到22岁之间。

The st udents’ ages 19 22 years old.2他们拥有两套房子,另外还有一条船。

They own two houses, a boat.3他现在仍在同他的前任女友通信。

He is still his former girlfriend.4我正要锁门,这时天开始下雨了。

I lock the door it began to rain.5她下决心要让儿子改掉坏习惯。

She decided to her son his bad habit.三、阅读理解A(导学号)Airtight plastic bags can help farmers protect their harvests without the use of harmful chemicals.These bags are designed to keep air out of crops in ing them is a simple way to fight insects and keep crops fresh.Ten countries in West and Central Africa are involved in a project to improve the storage of cowpeas,also known as black-eyed peas.Farmers can lose much of the harvest to insects called bruchids(豆象),which grow from eggs to adults in a few weeks and then lay forty to sixty eggs.They can destroy the whole harvest within months.Farmers can sell their crops immediately.But selling crops at harvest time means more competition and lower prices.Or they can use pesticides(杀虫剂) to kill the bugs.But a crop scientist Dieudonne Baributsa says,“They end up misusing or overusing the pesticide.In Nigeria,a lot of cases of death have been reported.They usually call cowpeas ‘killer beans’ in Nigeria.”Mr Baributsa is a researcher at Purdue University in Indiana,America.The project is called PICS—Purdue Improved Cowpea Storage.He says the storage bags are thick enough so that any insects already in the cowpeas will die from a lack of oxygen.The lack of air will also help prevent the growth of bacteria that can ruin the harvest.The bags cost about two dollars each.Mr Baributsa says that is not much,especially if it means farmers can wait long enough to get a better price for their crops.The bags are produced locally.Donors currently support the project,but the groups involved are working to build a lasting market for the bags because donation for the project will not last forever.A company based in the United States called GrainPro makes another kind of airtight bags.These are called Super Grainbags.Phil Villers,the company’s president,says storing a harvest safely not only helps farmers earn more money,but also reduces the amount of the harvest loss to insects,spoilage and mishandling.“What does not get wasted means it is possible to feed a hungry world,” said Phil Villers.1What is the best title for this passage?A.Simple Bags Save the HarvestB.Plastic Bags Kill the InsectsC.Bruchids Do Harm to the HarvestD.Pesticides Threaten Food Safety,开头即点明了本文的中心,故选A项。