动词的语态（被动语态）
一、语态定义：英语中表示主语和谓语之间的关系的动词形式称为语态。英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
Eg: We teach English in our school.(主动) English is taught in our school.(被动)
二、被动语态：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词（be +p.p.），be有人称、时态和数的变化。见下表：
时态谓语动词的形式例子
一般现在时: ___________________________ Colour TVs are made in the factory.
一般过去时:___________________________ My hometown was liberated in 1949.
一般将来时: __________________________ The film will be shown again.
现在进行时: __________________________ The walls are being painted.
过去进行时: __________________________ The tickets were being well sold then.
现在完成时:__________________________ A new road has been built here.
过去完成时: __________________________ Much had been done before mother came back.
含有情态动词的被动语态: ____________________________ The composition must be handed in today.
三、被动语态的用法：
1.不知道或没必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
Eg: Some new computers were stolen yesterday. Such books are written for children.
2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
Eg: The baby is being looked after by her grandmother. Our English teacher is respected by all of us.
3.动作的执行者很模糊。
Eg: The letter has been opened.
The song is said to be popular abroad.
4.有时为了礼貌的需要，避免说出动作的执行者。
Eg: The window was broken this morning.
They have been told many times not to make noises.
四、被动语态中值得注意的问题：
1. 带有双宾语的动词，可以把任何一个宾语变被动，一般在间接宾语前加适当的介词。
My father gave me a book.
I was given a book by my father./ A book was given to me by my father.
2. 在"主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语"的结构中，要补留宾语补足语。
We found the door broken. / The door was found broken.
3. 宾语补足语为省to的不定式，变为被动语态后，要还原to。这类词有：使役动词(let/make/have);感官动词
(see/hear/watch/notice/observe/feel,但以上词中watch/notice通常不用于被动语态）；help。
He made me laugh. / I was made to laugh.
有人看见一个女人进了一家银行。
4. 如果短语动词是及物短语动词时，可以用被动语态，但不能遗漏所含的介词或副词。
The nurse looked after the baby. The baby was looked after by the nurse.
We must make up for the lessons we missed. The lessons we missed must be made up for.
5. 用于It’s said/ reported/ believed/ expected/ supposed/ thought/ well known/...+that从句结构中。
6. 英语中有些动词用主动语态表示被动语态。
(1) need, want, require（要求，需要）, deserve(应得，值得), be worth（值得）, not bear(经不住) 后面接doing主动表被动。
这辆车需要被修理。______________________________.
(2)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来), sound (听起来), prove(证明是),
feel(摸上去感到), look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)等。
蛋糕尝起来很美味。_______________________________.
(3)一些动词如sell(销售) , wash(洗), clean(打扫), burn(燃烧), cook(煮)等与副词如well(好), easily(容易地), perfectly(十分地)等连用，描绘事物的特性，用主动表被动，结构是主语+动词+加副词。
这种书很畅销。____________________.
The cloth washes well./ This kind of bags sells well. / The shoes wear long. / The knife cuts well. / The pen writes smoothly. / This coat lasts long.
(4)表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out,
come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。
How do the newspapers come out?
【注意】：
run out和run out of：
相同点：都意为“用完、用光、用尽”。
不同点：
①词性不同：
run out of是及物短语；run out是不及物短语。
她的钱用完了。______________________
他的力气用完了。__________________________
②主动语态上的区别：
run out of表示主动语态时，主语只能是人；run out表示主动语态时，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词。
我们的水用完了，所以不得不去买。________________________________
③二者语态上的区别：
run out of表示被动语态时，翻译为“被用完”；run out没有被动语态，但它表示“被用完、被耗尽；（人）把东西用完（或花光）”，因此它本身就带有被动的意思，通常用来指力气、金钱、食物、时间等无生命的名词“（被）用完”。
她的钱用完了。_______________________/____________________.
(5)不定式作定语，放在被修饰词后面，与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系，又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系，不定式要用主动表被动含义。
我有许多工作要做。_______________________________.
(6)一些与can't(不能)或won't(不会)连用的动词。常用的有: lock(锁住), shut(关上) , open(打开), act(上演), write(写)，cut(砍，切)，wear(穿，戴)等,用作不及物动词时，用主动表被动。
它不能动。___________________.
(7)不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时，结构：主语+系动词+形容词+ 不定式；动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义，如：
difficulty, easy, comfortable, convenient, hard, cheap, expensive等，不定式用主动表被动。
这个问题很难回答。____________________________.
7. 下列情况不能用被动语态：
A．不及物动词：The accident happened on a busy road yesterday.
B．连系动词：The girl looks like her sister.
C．宾语为反身代词：He always dresses himself neatly.
D．宾语为相互代词：The students often help each other.
被动语态专项训练：
一、单项选择（中考链接）
1. —Claudia, are you going to Jeff’s birthday party on Saturday? —Unless I ______.
A. will be invited
B. am invited
C. was inviting
D. invited
2. —I am afraid that I can’t finish the task successfully.
—Don’t worry. You ______ plenty of time to do it.
A.will be given
B. give
C. will give
3. The pet dog is warm and loving. It ______ as a daughter of my family.
A. treats
B. treated
C. is treated
D. was treated
4. When Tim _______ why he was late for school, he just kept silent.
A. was asked
B. asked
C. was asking
D. is asking
5. Every day, too much water _______ in our school. We should save it.
A. is wasted
B. wastes
C. was wasted
D. wasted
6. A new hospital _______ in my town next year.
A. builds
B. built
C. is built
D. will be built
7. We’re sure that the environment in our city ______ greatly through our work in the near future.
A. improved
B. was improved
C. has improved
D. will be improved
8. —The meeting _______ because of the smog in Northern China last week.
—Oh, it’s too bad! We should take action to improve the air quality.
A. put out
B. was put out
C. put off
D. was put off
9. —_______ free breakfasts _______in all schools in China?
—No, not yet. Only in the rural areas.
A. Are; made
B. Do; serve
C. Are; served
D. Do; make
10. —Food safety is very important.
—So some rules ______ to stop people from polluting food.
A. must make
B. must be made
C. must made
D. be made
11. Keep quiet, please! Talking _______ during the meeting
A. is not allowed
B. is allowed
C. Doesn’t allow
D. Allows
12. To my great surprise, the famous athlete’s story ______ differently in the newspapers.
A. was reported
B. reported
C. was reporting
D. reports
13. The terrorists (恐怖分子) in Xinjiang ______ last month.
A. are caught
B. was caught
C. were caught
D. is caught
14. Many students ______ chances to show themselves in class because the class size is too big.
A. don’t give
B. aren’t given
C. haven’t given
D. won’t give
15. Look at our new school. It ______ last year.
A. built
B. was built
C. is built
D. will be built
16. He is very surprised that all the houses in the village ______ white.
A. paint
B. painted
C. are painting
D. are painted
17. I heard that Line I of Ningbo Subway ______ last month.
A. was tested
B. is tested
C. tests
D. tested
18. —Tell me one thing you’re proud of your junior high school, Tony.
—I _______ as captain of the school football team.
A. choose
B. chose
C. am chosen
D. was chosen
19. Hurry up ! Once the concern starts. Nobody ______ to enter the concert hall.
A. allows
B. allowed
C. is allowed
D. is allowing
20. —Tom! I looked for you everywhere at the party last night.
—Oh, I _______ to the party.
A. am invited
B. was invited
C. am not invited
D. wasn’t invited
21. Three bridges _______ over the river five years ago.
A. built
B. build
C. were built
D. are built
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. Computers _________widely _______(use) in the world.
2. Library books should _____________(give back) on time.
3. Telephone calls ____________(not make) in English between the two countries several years ago.
4. The problem has to ______________(deal with) right now.
5. The book Red Star Over China ____________(write) by a famous American writer.
6. The noise must ____________(keep) under 50dbs here.
7. Twenty years ago that machine __________(invent) to make shoes for the children.
8. Many trees __________(plant) by the people there last year.
9. Over the past 20 years, the environment there ___________(protect) very well.
10. The bottle __________(fill) with hot water.
11. A talk of English history __________(give) in the school hall next Monday.
12. By the end of the hide-and-seek, he ____________(find) in the tree.
13. When will the birthday party __________(hold), on Monday evening or Tuesday evening?
14. The door __________(knock) at by someone at seven o’clock yesterday morning.
15. He __________(hear) singing in the classroom just now.
16. I __________(tell) that my mother was ill.
17. Great changes ____________(take place) in this city over the past three years.
18. Much of his time __________(spend) on his computer since he _________(buy) it.
19. This story ____________(write) especially for children.
20. In the past the children ___________(make) to work 15 hours a day.
21.Your hair needs __________(cut).
22.Tom is looking for a room ______________ (live in).
23.The work is easy ___________ (do)
24.Good medicine tastes __________ (bitter) to the mouth.
25.These clothes __________ (wash) easily.
三、将下列句子改为被动语态
1. We will have to send for a doctor.
________________________________________________
2.Nobody has ever visited the island.
________________________________________________
3.Someone left the light on all night.
________________________________________________
4.You must put away all your books.
________________________________________________
5.Someone was cleaning the room when I arrived.
________________________________________________
6.She covered the well with a big stone.
________________________________________________
7.The workers are building a new road.
________________________________________________
8.You should return my bike tomorrow.
________________________________________________
9.When did they make these cars?
________________________________________________
10.The policeman saw a thief rush into the bank.
________________________________________________
四、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
1. 这个秘密由他告诉了我。
The secret ________ ________ _________ ________ by him.
2.这些盒子应该放在哪儿呢？
Where ________ these boxes ________ ________?
3.昨天他所有的钥匙都被弄丢了。
All his keys _______ _________ yesterday.
4.所有新栽的树都被毁了。
All the newly planted trees ________ ________.
5.这食物看上去不如吃起来好吃。
The food _______ ________ as good as it _________.
6.结果什么时候宣布？
________ ________ the result _______ announced?
【拓展】：省略to的情况：
一、介词except / but后省略to的情况
用作介词except，but宾语的不定式有时带to，有时不带to。其大致原则是：若其前出现了动词do，其后的不定式通常不带to；若其前没有出现动词do，则其后的不定式通常带to。如：
I had no choice but to wait. 除了等，我没有别的选择。He wanted nothing but to stay there. 他只想留在那儿。
It had no effect except to make him angry. 除惹他生气外，没产生任何效果。
She can do everything except cook. 除了做饭之外她什么都会。
二、主语带do表语省略to的情况
当主语部分有动词do的某种形式时，用作表语的不定式可以省略to。如：
All you do now is (to) complete the form. 你现在要做的只是把这张表填好。
The only thing to do now is (to) go on. 前进是现在唯一的出路。What I’l l do is (to) tell her the truth. 我要做的就是告诉她真相。
三、并列不定式省略to的情况
当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列时，通常只需在第一个不定式前用to，其余不定式前的to可以省略。如：
He told me to stay there and wait for him. 他叫我在那儿等他。I’m really puzzled what to think or say. 我真不知该怎么想怎么说。
It is easier to persuade people than (to) force them. 说服人容易，强迫人难。
但是，如果两者有对比关系，则后面不定式前的to不可省略。如：
To try and fail is better than not to try at all. 尝试而失败总比不尝试好。
四、省略不定式是否保留to
在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号to。如：
I shall go if I want to. 如果我想去就去。“Don’t be late.” “I’ll try not to.” “不要来晚了。”“我尽量不来晚。”
Don’t go till I tell you to. 等我叫你走你再走。
注意：
1. 若被省略的不定式为to be短语，则通常应保留to be。如：He is not the man he used to be. 他已不是原来的那个样子了。
2. 有时省略不定式时，同时也可省略to。如：
She may go if she likes (to). 她想去就可以去。
新概念一共144课，其中单课为课文，双课为语法和练习。整本书是以单数课为正课，并附带有插图而双数课则是针对单数课所讲的内容有针对性地进行练习，从此出展现出整个新概念一教材区别于其他教材的独特之处。 以下是对新概念一整本教材的理解和剖析，以供各位对整个课本的理解和把握上参考和借鉴。 首先根据课本中出现的时态来分析： 本册书的语法出现层次性和规律性是很强的，首先我们先来整本书中都出了哪些时态，这些时态的具体分布和讲解时我们大家需要注意的递进性。 Lesson 31—34 现在进行时 Lesson 37—40 第一次出现be going to 的将来时 Lesson 51—56 一般现在时 Lesson 67—76 为一般过去式 Lesson 83—90 为现在完成时 Lesson 91—96 为一般将来时(will) Lesson 117—118 过去进行时 Lesson 119—120 过去完成时 除去前面所有时态和句型所占据的76课我们一起来看一下以下的68课，每一课小的语言点，语法点都是在什么地方，应该用什么样的方式来讲解。 在这里告诉学员新概念一的每一个单课的重点都是出现双课的标题和课后的练习题里面。 Lesson1—2 语言点：与陌生人说话或引起别人的注意。Excuse me. Yes? Pardon? Thank you very much. 语法点：主系表结构this为主语，名词做表语1的一般疑问句以及它的肯定回答。Is this your handbag? Yes, it is. Lesson 5—6 语言点：如何介绍别人。This is Miss Sophie Dupont. Nice to meet you. 语法点：主语为第三人称单数的主系表结构。She is French. He is German. It’s a Volvo.(L6) a/an 的使用。 Lesson 7—8 语言点：如何自我介绍和相互认识。 语法点：主语为第二人称的主系表结构。Are you French? What nationality are you? What’s your job? 特殊疑问句。 Lesson 9—10 语言点：朋友或熟识的人之间如何相互问候。How are you? 语法点：主系表结构形容词做表语。
新概念英语第三册第44课习题答案及解析【Multiple choice questions】 Comprehension 1. The great disadvantage shared by train and car travel alike is _____ . a. the fact that one cannot get to sleep on either form of transport b. the fact that one cannot concentrate on what one is reading c. the monotony of travelling at fast speeds along railway lines or roads d. the tedium and discomfort of the journey The great disadvantage that shared by train and car travel alike as alike; as well was adored by the rich and poor alike. 2 An aeroplane journey invariably provides such distractions as _____ . a. the thought that one has not long to wait before arriving b. the exhilarating quality of the air one breathes at 30,000 feet c. being able to watch a film or drink champagne
新概念英语一总结练习七被动语态 【复习】 一、总述: 英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态(The Active Voice)和被动语态(The Passive Voice).主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用: 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 二、被动语态的形式 1) 常用时态的被动语态的构成: 被动语态的基本形式为助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词,即be done。 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give 为例,列表如下: 一般现在时:am / is / are + given 一般过去时:was / were +given 一般将来时:shall / will +be+ given
过去进行时:was / were + being + given 现在进行时:am / is / are + being + given 过去完成时:had + been + given 现在完成时:have / has + been + given 将来完成时:shall / will + have been + given 过去将来时:should / would +be+ given 现在完成进行时:have/has been being done 含情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be done [注]被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 2)被动语态的否定式:在第一个助动词后加not构成。 Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。 3)被动语态的疑问式:把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。 Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗? How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱? 三、被动语态使用范围 谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没必要。 动作承受者需强调,用被动语态莫忘了。
动词的语态（被动语态） 一、语态定义：英语中表示主语和谓语之间的关系的动词形式称为语态。英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 Eg: We teach English in our school.(主动) English is taught in our school.(被动) 二、被动语态：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词（be +p.p.），be有人称、时态和数的变化。见下表： 时态谓语动词的形式例子 一般现在时: ___________________________ Colour TVs are made in the factory. 一般过去时:___________________________ My hometown was liberated in 1949. 一般将来时: __________________________ The film will be shown again. 现在进行时: __________________________ The walls are being painted. 过去进行时: __________________________ The tickets were being well sold then. 现在完成时:__________________________ A new road has been built here. 过去完成时: __________________________ Much had been done before mother came back. 含有情态动词的被动语态: ____________________________ The composition must be handed in today. 三、被动语态的用法： 1.不知道或没必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 Eg: Some new computers were stolen yesterday. Such books are written for children. 2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 Eg: The baby is being looked after by her grandmother. Our English teacher is respected by all of us. 3.动作的执行者很模糊。 Eg: The letter has been opened. The song is said to be popular abroad. 4.有时为了礼貌的需要，避免说出动作的执行者。 Eg: The window was broken this morning. They have been told many times not to make noises. 四、被动语态中值得注意的问题： 1. 带有双宾语的动词，可以把任何一个宾语变被动，一般在间接宾语前加适当的介词。 My father gave me a book. I was given a book by my father./ A book was given to me by my father. 2. 在"主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语"的结构中，要补留宾语补足语。 We found the door broken. / The door was found broken. 3. 宾语补足语为省to的不定式，变为被动语态后，要还原to。这类词有：使役动词(let/make/have);感官动词 (see/hear/watch/notice/observe/feel,但以上词中watch/notice通常不用于被动语态）；help。 He made me laugh. / I was made to laugh. 有人看见一个女人进了一家银行。 4. 如果短语动词是及物短语动词时，可以用被动语态，但不能遗漏所含的介词或副词。 The nurse looked after the baby. The baby was looked after by the nurse. We must make up for the lessons we missed. The lessons we missed must be made up for. 5. 用于It’s said/ reported/ believed/ expected/ supposed/ thought/ well known/...+that从句结构中。 6. 英语中有些动词用主动语态表示被动语态。 (1) need, want, require（要求，需要）, deserve(应得，值得), be worth（值得）, not bear(经不住) 后面接doing主动表被动。 这辆车需要被修理。______________________________. (2)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来), sound (听起来), prove(证明是), feel(摸上去感到), look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)等。
新概念英语第二册课后练习题答案详解(第44课) 新概念英语第二册课后习题Lesson 44 1. c 根据课文第9-10行The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away 能够判断出只有c. found it hard to steal the bag (感到很难偷走这个手提包) 与课文的实际情况相符，所以选c。 a. found it easy to steal 和 b. found a bag 都 与课文的情况不符; d. didn’t steal the bag 也不符合课文的事实，虽然小偷最终没有偷走手提包，但他们在此之前还是偷了，仅仅因为 害怕才放弃的。 2. b 根据课文第7-10行When she caught up with them… The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away 能够 判断只有b. followed the thieves and got her handbag back 才与课文实际内容相符，这也是故事的结局，其他3个选择都与课文的实 际内容不符。 3. c 动词continue 后面能跟动名词或动词不定式。 a. run 前面没 有to , 不符合语法;b. run 和d. in running 都不是动词不定式或 动名词。只有c. running 是动名词，最符合语法，所以选c. 4. c 只有c. That's why (这就是为什么)最合乎题目意思，它能够引出一个说明理由或原因的句子，所以应该选c. a. For this 不太完整，应该是For this reason; b. That's because 不合逻辑
新概念英语第二册语法-被动语态 何时使用被动语态： （1）强调动作的接受者：America was discovered by Columbus. （2）不知谁是动作的执行者：You are wanted on the phone. （3）作客观说明：It is said that the meeting has been put off. （经典句型） 主动变被动的基本方法：（说起来容易，掌握起来需要用心！） （1）主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 （2）谓语动词变为由“be + 过去分词”的形式，配合时态作相 对应变化。 （3）主动语态主语置于介词 by之后，如无必需，则省略。 （4）不及物动词没有被动语态。 现在do (does) →am / is / are + done We keep the piano in the living-room. →The piano is kept in the living-room. 过去did→was / were + done They built the bridge in 1980. →The bridge was built in 1980. 将来will/shall do → will/shall + be + done He will read the book tomorrow. →The book will be read tomorrow.
现在完成have/has done → have/has + been + done We have delivered the newspaper. →The newspapers have been delivered (by us). 过去完成had done → had been done She had seen the film before she came here. →The film had been seen before she came here. 将来完成will/shall have done → will/shall have + been + done By the end of this term we shall have finished 80 texts. →By the end of this term 80 texts will have been finished. 现在实行am/is/are doing → am/is/are + being + done They are drawing the picture. →The picture is being drawn by them. 过去实行was/were doing → was/were + being + done He was reviewing their lessons at this moment yesterday. →Their lessons were being reviewed at this moment yesterday. 情态动词 may may can can must must should do → should + be + done
新概念英语第一册：143-144课语法及单词解析 【篇一】 语法 Grammar in use 被动语态(2) 上一次介绍了被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时形式，这里介绍其现在完成时和一般将来时形式： (1)现在完成时形式： has/have + been + 过去分词： The basket has already been emptied. 篮子已经被腾空了。 They have already been invited. 他们已被邀请。 (2)一般将来时形式： will/shall +be +过去分词： The floor will be swept soon. 地不久就会扫的。 The knives will be sharpened soon. 刀不久就会磨的。 【篇二】 词汇学习 Word study place v. (1)(小心地)放;放置：
He placed the record back to the shelf. 他把唱片放回到架子上。 Their request placed me in a difficult position. 他们的要求将我置于困境。 (2)任命;安置： The company has placed him with a branch office in Tokyo.公司任命他在东京的一家分支机构工作。 There is no better way to place the homeless children. 没有更好的办法来安置这些无家可归的孩子们。 【篇三】 prosecute v. (1)起诉，检举;依法处置： Trespassers will be prosecuted. 闲人莫入，违者法办。 They prosecuted him for shoplifting. 他们起诉他扒窃商店货物。 (2)〈书面语〉彻底实行;执行： We are going to prosecute the investigation further. 我们将进一步彻底实行调查。 【篇四】 surround v.
新概念英语第二册第44课:Through the forest Lesson 44 Through the forest穿过森林 First listen and then answer the question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 How did Mrs. Sterling get her bag back? Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men. They had rushed up to her while she was having a picnic at the edge of a forest with her children and tried to steal her handbag. In the struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag in their possession, both men started running through the trees. Mrs. Sterling got so angry that she ran after them. She was soon out of breath, but she continued to run. When she caught up with them, she saw that they had sat down and were going through the contents of the bag, so she ran straight at them. The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away. The strap needs mending, said Mrs. Sterling later, but they did not steal anything. 参考译文 安.斯特林夫人在穿过森林追逐两个男人时，她并没有考虑到所冒的风险。刚才，当她和孩子们正在森林边上野餐的时候，这两个人冲到她跟前，企图抢走她的手提包。在争抢中，手提包的带断了，包落入这两个人手里，他们拔腿跑进了树林。斯特林夫人特别生气，向着他们追了过去。只追了一会儿便上气不接下气了，但她还是连续追逐。当她赶上他们时，发觉他们已经坐了下来，正翻着包里的东西。于是她直冲过去。这两个人吓了一跳，扔下提包逃跑了。“这提包带需要修理，”斯特林夫人事后说道，“不过他们什么也没偷走。” New words and Expressions生词和短语 forest n. 森林 risk n. 危急，冒险 picnic n. 野餐 edge n. 边缘 strap n. 带，皮带 possession n. 全部 breath n. 呼吸 contents n. （常用复数）内有的物品 mend v. 修理 Lesson 44 自学导读First things first 课文详注Further notes on the text 1．Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men. 安斯特林夫人在穿过森林追逐两个男人时，她并没有考虑到所冒的风险。 （1）think of在这里表示“考虑”、“思索”。
新概念英语2（中）周记（15） 家长同学们好： 本周我们进行了Lesson 44的学习，重点知识如下罗列。希望家长们能督促您的孩子对英语周记中的内容仔细进行复习，为下周学习打下基础，做到念念不忘，实现中考成绩的强大飞跃！谢谢您的配合！ Lesson 44 复习要点：没有标注﹡的单词和词组为“3会”单词：会读、会拼、会意（知道意思）； 标﹡的为“2会”单词：会读，会意。 ★Word Analysis. 1. need doing 有被动语态的含义= need to be done 2. So…that/ such…that so后面是形容词或副词，such后面是词组 3. catch / run: catch抓住，接住，catch a bus, catch up with追赶, catch hold of抓住 run 跑，run after= chase ★Grammar 1. Begin to do/ begin doing Start to do/ start doing Continue to do/ continue doing 1.动词-ing做介词宾语，或做主语 2.to 做介词＋动词-ing look forward to，be used to，be accustomed to（习惯于）， devote oneself to全身心投入，object to反对 My mother devote herself to doing the housework I object to eating out 3.begin，start，continue＋to do/doing（没有区别） 4. hate，love，like＋doing--表示一种习惯 hate，love，like＋to do--表示一次性的行为
新概念英语第四册第44课:Patterns of culture Lesson 44 Patterns of culture文化的模式First listen and then answer the following question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 What influences us from the moment of birth? Custom has not commonly been regarded as a subject of great moment. The inner workings of our won brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behaviour at its most commonplace. As a matter of fact, it is the other way around. Traditional custom, taken the world over, is a mass of detailed behaviour more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve in individual actions, no matter how aberrant. Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter. The fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and in belief, and the very great varieties it may manifest. 风俗一般未被认为是什么重要的课题。我们觉得，只有我们大脑内部的活动情况才值得研究，至于风俗呢，只是些司空见惯的行为而已。事实小，情况正好相反。从世界范围来看，传统风俗是由许多细节性的习惯行为组成，它比任何一个养成的行为都更加引人注目，不管个人行为多么异常。这只是问题的一个次要的侧面。最重要的是，风俗在实践中和信仰上所起的举足轻重的作用，以及它所表现出来的极其丰富多采的形式。 No man ever looks at the world with pristine eyes. He sees it edited by a definite set of customs and institutions and ways of thinking. Even in his philosophical probing he cannot go behind these stereotypes; his very concepts of the true and the false will still have reference to his particular traditional customs. John Dewey has said in all seriousness that the part played by custom in shaping the behaviour of the individual, as against any way in which he can affect traditional custom, is as the proportion of the total vocabulary of his mother tongue against those words of his own baby talk that are taken up into the vernacular of his family. When one seriously studies the social orders that have had the opportunity to develop autonomously, the figure becomes no more than an exact and matter-of-fact observation. The life history handed down in his community. From the moment of his birth, the customs into which he is born shape his experience and behaviour. By the time he can talk, he
新概念英语第二册课后答案第四十四课新概念英语第二册课后答案第四十四课 Lesson 44 1. c 根据课文第9-10行The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away 能够判断出只有c. found it hard to steal the bag (感到很难偷走这个手提包) 与课文的实际情况相符，所以选c。 a. found it easy to steal 和 b. found a bag 都与课文的情况不符；d. didn’t steal the bag 也不符合课文的事实，虽然小偷最终没有偷走手提包，但他们在此之前还是偷了，仅仅因为害怕才放弃的。 2. b 根据课文第7-10行When she caught up with them… The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away 能够判断只有b. followed the thieves and got her handbag back 才与课文实际内容相符，这也是故事的结局，其他3个选择都与课文的实际内容不符。 3. c 动词continue 后面能跟动名词或动词不定式。 a. run 前面没有to , 不符合语法；b. run 和d. in running 都不是动词不定式或动名词。只有c. running 是动名词，最符合语法，所以选c. 4. c 只有c. That's why (这就是为什么)最合乎题目意思，它能够引出一个说明理由或原因的句子，所以应该选c. a. For this 不太完整，应该是For this reason; b. That's because 不合逻辑
新概念英语第一册：被动语态 被动语态 上一次介绍了被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时形式，这里介绍其现在完成时和一般将来时形式： (1)现在完成时形式：has/have + been + 过去分词： The basket has already been emptied. 篮子已经被腾空了。 They have already been invited. 他们已被邀请。 (2)一般将来时形式：will/shall +be +过去分词： The floor will be swept soon. 地不久就会扫的。 The knives will be sharpened soon. 刀不久就会磨的。 词汇学习Word study 1.place v. (1)(小心地)放;放置： He placed the record back to the shelf. 他把唱片放回到架子上。 Their request placed me in a difficult position. 他们的要求将我置于困境。 (2)任命;安置： The company has placed him with a branch office in Tokyo.
公司任命他在东京的一家分支机构工作。 There is no better way to place the homeless children. 没有更好的办法来安置这些无家可归的孩子们。 2.prosecute v. (1)起诉，检举;依法处置： Trespassers will be prosecuted. 闲人莫入，违者法办。 They prosecuted him for shoplifting. 他们起诉他扒窃商店货物。 (2)〈书面语〉彻底进行;执行： We are going to prosecute the investigation further. 我们将进一步彻底进行调查。 3.surround v. 包围;围绕： The beautiful white house is surrounded by green trees. 那所漂亮的白房子被绿树环绕着。 That old professor loved to surround himself with young people. 那位老教授非常喜欢年轻人围在他左右。 When I went into the room, I saw Tim sitting on the floor surrounded by boxes. 当我走进房间时，我看到蒂姆正坐在地板上，他的周围到处都是盒子。 被动语态
新概念英语第二册语法-被动语态 新概念英语第二册语法-被动语态 何时使用被动语态： （1）强调动作的接受者：America was discovered by Columbus. （2）不知谁是动作的执行者：You are wanted on the phone. （3）作客观说明：It is said that the meeting has been put off. （经典句型） 主动变被动的基本方法：（说起来容易，掌握起来需要用心！）（1）主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 （2）谓语动词变为由“be + 过去分词”的形式，配合时态作相对应变化。 （3）主动语态主语置于介词 by之后，如无必需，则省略。 （4）不及物动词没有被动语态。 现在do (does) →am / is / are + done We keep the piano in the living-room. →The piano is kept in the living-room. 过去did→was / were + done They built the bridge in 1980. →The bridge was built in 1980. 将来will/shall do → will/shall + be + done He will read the book tomorrow. →The book will be read tomorrow. 现在完成have/has done → have/has + been + done We have delivered the newspaper. →The newspapers have been delivered (by us). 过去完成had done → had been done
新概念英语单词第二册第44课:穿越深林【单词例句】 I Are there any wild animals in the forest? 这片森林里有没有野生动物？ 【单词扩大】woods树林 risk [r?sk] z．危急，冒险 【派生词】risky冒险的 【单词扩大】peril冒险，危急 【单词搭配】take a risk冒险 【单词例句】 A: None would take the risk. A:谁也不愿冒此风险。 B:Butl want to have a try. B：但是我想试一试。 picnic [”p?kn?k] 野餐 【单词扩大】cookout野餐 【单词搭配】have a picnic进展野餐 【单词例句】 A: Is there anything else for our picnic?
A:野餐我们还需要买些什么？ B: We”d better get each of us a sun hat for the picnic in such a hot day. B：天那么热，去野餐我们每个人都有一顶帽子。 edge [ed?] 边缘 【单词例句】margin边缘，岸 【单词例句】 A: Wasn”t that a great flick?I was on the edge of my seat through the whole movie. A:那部片子是不是很棒？我从头到尾一口气部没松过。 B: Yes. it’S the best movie I have ever seen. B：是的，那是我看过的最棒的电影。 strap [str?p] 带，皮带 possession [p?”ze?(?)n] n.全部 【单词扩大】in possession of占有，掌握 【单词例句】 A: The house is m his possession. A:那座房子为他全部。 B:I think he must be very rich. B：我想他肯定很富有。
新概念英语第二册语法总结：被动语态 新概念英语第二册语法总结：被动语态 何时运用被动语态： （1）强调动作的接受者：America was discovered by Columbus. （2）不知谁是动作的执行者：You are wanted on the phone. （3）作客观说明：It is said that the meeting has been put off. （经典句型） 主动变被动的基本方法：（说起来容易，掌握起来需要用心！）（1）主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 （2）谓语动词变为由“be + 过去分词”的形式，配合时态作相应变化。 （3）主动语态主语置于介词by之后，如无必需，则省略。 （4）不及物动词没有被动语态。 现在do (does) →am / is / are + done We keep the piano in the living-room. →The piano is kept in the living-room. 过去did→was / were + done They built the bridge in 1980. →The bridge was built in 1980. 将来will/shall do →will/shall + be + done He will read the book tomorrow. →The book will be read tomorrow. 现在完成have/has done →have/has + been + done We have delivered the newspaper. →The newspapers have been delivered (by us). 过去完成had done →had been done She had seen the film before she came here. →The film had been seen before she came here.
新概念英语第二册语法-被动语态 （2）不知谁是动作的执行者：You are wanted on the phone. （3）作客观说明：It is said that the meeting has been put off. （经典句型） 主动变被动的根本方法：（说起来简单，把握起来需要专心！） （1）主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 （2）谓语动词变为由“be + 过去分词”的形式，协作时态作相应变化。（3）主动语态主语置于介词 by之后，如无必需，则省略。 （4）不及物动词没有被动语态。 现在 do (does) →am / is / are + done We keep the piano in the living-room. →The piano is kept in the living-room. 过去 did→was / were + done They built the bridge in 1980. →The bridge was built in 1980. 将来 will/shall do → will/shall + be + done He will read the book tomorrow. →The book will be read tomorrow.
现在完成 have/has done → have/has + been + done We have delivered the newspaper. →The newspapers have been delivered (by us). 过去完成 had done → had been done She had seen the film before she came here. →The film had been seen before she came here. 将来完成 will/shall have done → will/shall have + been + done By the end of this term we shall have finished 80 texts. →By the end of this term 80 texts will have been finished. 现在进展 am/is/are doing → am/is/are + being + done They are drawing the picture. →The picture is being drawn by them. 过去进展 was/were doing → was/were + being + done He was reviewing their lessons at this moment yesterday. →Their lessons were being reviewed at this moment yesterday. 情态动词 may may can can must must should do → should + be +