Question 1
Most of the time, organizations were established in order to complete specific goals .and these goals are very important which make sure the direction that the organization will take over the long-range and are not always very unambiguous. Actually, there are four types of goals. Operational Goal, Product Goal, Consumer Goal and Secondary Goal.
When a goal relate to the consumer we called it consumer goal, at the same time others may include product goals which refer to the range of products and services, operational goals cover staffing levels and technology, according to the case study we can see “The Scotia Airways is the first airline to offer full business class services, but at prices that are equivalent to the economy class of its competitors,” is the consumer goal of the Scotia Airway.
As we know, the Scotia Airways is an organization aims to make profit, in other words, Scotia Airway’s operation goal was to make profit and enhance the market share.
Secondary goals are usually not the most important things but are all the same important that the organization would like to achieve, according to this case study we can see “Scotia Airways aspires to mark its international presence, by introducing flights to major European tourist destinations, as well as expanding to major business centre in Eastern European and the Middle and Far East.” is the Secondary goals of the Scotia Airways.
In a sense, the objectives should have four key elements, they are Measurable, Attainable, objectives are more specific than goals, and in order to achieve goals the specific path must be formed. and Realistic and be Time-specific. In the case study you can see, the investors in Scotia Airways have set an ambitious program for expansion over the next 5 years to include long haul destinations. And the airlines international flights will only use custom built wide bodied aircraft, and would not offer economy class travel.
Policies can provide a way to make sure that the management and staff can make decisions. Which also try to provide a guideline to channel a manager’s thinking in a specific direction. Again policies familiarly give an expression to the values of the main stakeholders. In the case study you can see, Senior Management agrees output targets with middle and junior managers and staff, and allows the operational planning to be determined by those managers and employees.
Relationship
Business objectives are more specific and have the particular method in order to achieve goals; goals are usually determine the long-range direction of the organization. Objectives are narrow and are set for certain tasks in particular while goals are broader than objectives in the sense that goals are general intentions and are not specific enough to be measured, but they both have a certain time frame, goals usually have a longer time-frame than objectives, objectives are usually precise targets set for a short term, goals may be set for a longer term but many objectives may be set within that goal.
Advice
Employees is the basic part of Scotia Airways, so, if the Scotia Airways pay more attention to the welfare of the employee, they will pay more attention to their work for reward, because they will think that is a good choice to join in this company, or they will think this organization is just like their family. Scotia Airways will have a better future once the employees working hard. At the same time, Scotia Airways can set a feedback systems, this is to say, Scotia Airways should listen to their consumer’s suggestion, so the management can make some decision much easy and make fewer mistakes.
Question 2
Open systems is a useful system to business corporation because it can provide a ripe way of thinking, and its theory is a systems that interact with their environments. Inputs:
Raw materials: the aircraft supporting facilities like oil.
Machinery: Scotia Airway’s airplane.
Human resources: 80 staff across all departments.
Money: the investors invest much capital in Scotia Airways.
Organization processes:
Strategy: become an airline with international influence and can sustained profitability Objectives and goals: aims to provide exceptional value for money, unparalleled comfort and convenience to its passengers, every time they are on board. Structure: the Scotia Airways have three departments. Finance department, operations department, marketing and sales department
Management style: work together like a family
Question 3
Formal organization
Formal organization has clear objectives, tasks, structure and the corresponding mechanism, the function and the members of the responsibility relations as well as member activities of the specification. Formal organizational is a certain structure, the same goals and specific functions behavior system. For example, Scotia Airway’s department, Finance department, marketing and sales department, and operations department.
Informal organization
Informal organization has no formal plan organization structure, through interaction and from formal organization have clear objectives and organization operation mechanism. Informal organization intends to create a certain forms of way, this kind of organization form usually organization chart to illustrate.
In Scotia Airways, some department like finance department is a permanent establishment, because the department is certain structure and have the right to decide the company strategy.
Some organization in Scotia Airways is informal organization, like some basketball team in the Scotia Airways. The team is made up by the Scotia Airways employees. But it is not a formal organization because the team is only some employees who like to play basketball.
Question 4
Employees: employees are most interested in job security. This group is the most important part of an organization. Without their hard working, organization can not exist with normal operation. In short, they contribute to the organization and key to its success. For example, the airline currently employs 80 staffs across all departments. They are interest in job security, and the quality of their services will directly affect the company’s performance.
The government: the government levy taxes and rules on organization sometimes may be expensive to carry out and follow. For example, if the government increases tax, it will make the profit, because the cost of sales is increase.
Suppliers: suppliers always want to have a good relationship with the organization because they can achieve some benefits from it. For example, when the Scotia Airways have a very good relationship with the suppliers, the suppliers may be give a low price. It will decrease a lot of cost.
Directors and managers: directors and managers are most interested in how to make maximum profit and achieve the goals made by the organization. For example, they have a clear idea that business travel was a growth area. And Scotia Airways need more money supports their company. Sure they have interest income from investment. Question 5
Control through rules, policies and procedures
As we all know, rules, policies and procedures can regulate people’s behavior, Scotia Airways try to let people know which management can make a decision by providing a working rules, it is good for the company, because it can make people work more efficient. Scotia Airways set a standard of policies which aims to provide exceptional value for money, unparalleled comfort and convenience to its passengers, and every time they are doing great because of the rules and policies, and through the rules, every employee knows what they should do and what the right manner is. So, the management can run the company much easy,
Reference
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 20.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 27.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 29.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House,
Managing People and Organizations page 32.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 44.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 46.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 58.
Scottish Qualifications Authority, 2013, China Modern Economic Publishing House, Managing People and Organizations page 72.
1. Human Resource Management was introduced as a term to reflect how organisations achieed the best from their employees. It was reconised that the best way to compete in an ever-increasing worldwide market was to have highly motivated people. Human Resource Management refers to the practices and policies you need to carry out the personnel aspects of your management job, specifically, acquiring, training, appraising, rewarding, and providing a safe, ethical, and fair environment for your company’s employee s. 2. （1） Human resources management is said to incorporate and develop personnel management tasks, while seeking to create and develop teams of workers for the benefit of the organization. Personnel management is often considered an independent function of an organization. Human resource management, on the other hand, tends to be an integral part of overall company function. Personnel management is typically the sole responsibility of an organization's personnel department. With human resources management, all of an organization's managers are often involved in some manner, and a chief goal may be to have managers of various departments develop the skills necessary to handle personnel-related tasks. a.Emerging of Personnel Management/Social justice Evolution of Personnel management started in 19th century. During the 19th century’s governments began to feel pressure from the working class masses who started to question and defy the power of the aristocracy. This was called the social reform. The working class began to form workplace combinations and trade organizations to provide a collective voice for their rights. The fist Trade Union Conference held in 1868. The personnel function arises from the work of nineteenth century social reformers. b.Grouth in PM 1914-1939/Human bureaucracy The exact growth of personnel management started during First World War. Include the supply of welfare officer made mandatory by government and the title labour manager or employment manager came in the year 1920 in engineering industry and other industries where the factories was very importanty to handle absence、recruitment and so on. Second world war increased the importance of having personnel department In the early twentieth century, personnel began to move away from its primary focus on welfare. This was a period in which large-scale industrial organisations began to emerge. Personnel as a specialism started to take shape, with responsibility to look at areas such as organisational design and staffing. Some social scientis ts’ studies promoted the development of PM. For examples: Frederick Taylor and Elton Mayo c.Consent by negotiation During the 1950s and 1960s, the personnel function widened its role in organisations to include a bargaining role. Industrial relations became a key personnel role. The statutory duty placed on nationalised industries required them to negotiate with unions representing employees. University courses began to appear for personnel specialists. Personnel management perform different function such as Collective bargaining role, Implementation of legislation role, Social conscience of the business role, Growing performance improvement role. d. Organisation and integration
“Escape to Wild”是一家成功的公司，专门通过邮购和小型的零售专营店来销售户外休闲服饰。它作为一家私营公司小规模的经营了超过15年的，一直到六年前，一位经理被聘请来扩展公司业务。首先，公司增加了邮购目录上的商品数，并且用了更大的仓库来存放和配送货物。四年前，“Escape to Wild”开了第一家自己的零售专营店，到现在，已经有了10家零售专营店，并有计划再多开五间店。两年前，公司建立了自己的网站，实现了网上购物，这部分的业务发展迅速，还带了了很多海外的订单。这位新经理上任以来，公司员工已由原来的20人发展到300人，业务也变得更大更复杂，持续需要加强员工来源已经成为这家户外服饰专营公司最强烈的需求，需要更多的员工是这家公司的当务之急。 “Escape to Wild”公司没有明确的人力资源部门。部门经理们根据自己部门的职责招聘新人，负责确定他们的薪酬水平。薪酬管理业务已经外包，员工培训一般是临时组织的，财务主管负责处理员工的合同和特殊情况，例如产假和加薪。 在这个快速发展的时期，公司已经开始将更多的精力投入到服务正在增加的客户群中。到目前为止，公司中员工的关系比较良好，但是，公司的现状表明是时候建立规定和程序从而能用更系统的方法去解决人力资源的问题。 在最近的公司管理层会议上，部门经理们不断的抱怨说他们花了太多的时间在处理一些日常的行政问题上，而这些问题明明都可以由人力资源部门来解决，如果公司能有一个这样的部门。不断增加的员工数量使得财务部门花大量的时间来处理与人事相关的问题。同时，部门经理们也会因为工作描述，招聘和甄选的实际操作，以及员工的薪酬待遇等问题产生矛盾。一个管理层的人员最近参加了一个关于员工法案的研讨会，法律
2018年度人力资源状况分析报告 为了更好地完善公司的人力资源制度改革，帮助公司人力资源管理走向规范化、标准化、职业化，通过有效管理，更大程度提升调动员工工作积极性。本次人力资源分析主要采用了问卷调查、员工行为观察、员工代表沟通交流、整理汇总历史资料等方法，通过这些方法基本清晰公司人力资源管理的现状，并对公司在人力资源管理各个环节中出现的问题进行了重点分析，形成了以下报告： 第一部分 公司的人力资源现状 一、 集团总部人力资源结构分析 (一) 集团总部现有员工119 人，其中，高层管理人员11人，占9.24%,中层人员 24人，占20.2%,基层84 人，占 70.6% (二) 不包括基层后勤辅助类岗位的总部员工现有107人，其中男、女比例如下 (三) 高层队伍结构分析 ◆ 高层队伍的年龄结构良好，平均年龄44岁，年富力强，学历结构较合理，全日制第一学历均在大专及以上，资质上有6人（占55%）持一级建造师证，职称上36%为高工，18%为中级，18%为助工，28%没有任何职称。 ◆ 高层队伍的结构缺陷主要是 ● 73%的高层是从事项目施工和项目管理出身，司龄10年以上，缺乏专业的企业管理方面的训练，在11名高层中只有2名是在2012年通过社会招聘引进的，有一定现代化企业管理经历。 ● 高层人员的职称和资质匹配度不足以应对企业发展需求 (四) 中层队伍结构分析 ◆ 中层队伍的平均年龄是38.7岁，年龄结构如下：
◆ 中层队伍的工龄结构分析：现有人员中54%是在2010年改制后通过社会招聘引进的，优势在于这批人即拥有一定的新知识和新技能，又有较好的工作经验，同时劣势是缺乏对建筑行业的认知。其余在改制前入职人员，其在中恒工作时间均超过10年，企业忠诚度较高，同时缺乏的是专业的职业化训练和素养。 ◆ 中层队伍的第一学历结构分析：本科占29%,大专占 46%，中专以及下占25%。通过函授或其它在职教育形式，90%大专及以下学历的员工有提升，获得大专及上学历，同时还有二名中层获取MBA 硕士学历。 ◆ 中层队伍的职称和资质结构分析：职称上8%为高工，13%为中级，17%为助工，62%还未获得任何职称。资质上有8位（33% ）中层获得一级建造师。缺陷是：职称和资质持有率太低，有待提升。 (五) 基层队伍结构分析 ◆ 基层队伍的平均年龄是30.6岁，具体占比如下： ◆ 基层队伍的第一学历结构如下： ◆ 基层队伍工龄结构分析
Individual Report F84T 34 Managing People and Organisations Outcome 1 NAME: u SCN: CLASS：
Contents Introduction (2) Section 1: Relationship between goals, objectives and policies (2) Section 2: Differences between the formal and informal organization (3) Section 3: Open System Theory (3) Section 4: Different stakeholders (4) Section 5: Effective control strategy (5) Conclusion (6) Reference (6)
Introduction The purpose of the report is what to understand more fully the organization management. I learned company's departments’ work together in order to achieve the company's goals. This report has five sections which are relationship between goals, objectives and policies，differences between the formal and informal organization，open System Theory, different stakeholders and effective control strategy. Section 1: Relationship between goals, objectives and policies The relationship between goals, objectives and policy facilitates to the effective management. Goals and objectives provide the desired results, and the policy is guiding people how to do. Feasible policies can help the realization of the aims and objectives of better. Goals: Goals are long-term. Consumer goals are to provide to the customer the demand of consumers.Shangri-La Hotels maintain a high quality of customer service. This is the Shangri-la Hotel's consumer goals. Product goals are to provide customers with high quality product. Craig insisted on selecting the freshest fruits and vegetables this is the Shangri-la Hotel product goals. Service goals are to provide customers with high standards of service. The Shangri-la Hotel promises when customers need the waiter, waiter arrive within five minutes to the customer side. This is the Shangri-la Hotel's service goals. Objectives: Objectives are short-term. Objectives are more specific than the goals; it can determine the specific direction. Objectives can help an organization determine a number of factors such as the time factor and the causal factors. The Shangri-la Hotel promises when customers need the waiter, waiter arrive within five minutes to the customer side. The Shangri-la Hotel maintained a 3-star Michelin chef. These are the Shangri-la Hotel's objectives. SMART make objectives more effective more efficient concrete. Kitchen staff training date is by May 1999. Waiting staff to attend table within 3 minutes.
Assessment task 1 詻筱敉 Outcomes(s) covered 1 1 The definition of human resource management. Human resource management makes a clean sweep of all process about enterprise human resource economic activity, also maintaining a qualified workforce-human resource-in ways that contribute to organizational effectiveness. It use scientific way give the human resource combine with a certain material resources a reasonable training, organizing and distributing, make human resource and material resources keep a reasonable ratio. Thus can maximum achieve the object of the organization. Also it introduced as a term to reflect how organizations achieved the best from their employees, and recognized that the best way to compete in an ever-increasing worldwide market was to have highly motivated people. 2. (1) The difference of human resource management and personnel management. The terms personnel and human resource management are used inter-changeably by both organization and academics. ①The difference of manage concept Personal management is consider people as “tool”, tends to be bureaucratic, mechanistic and centralized with formally defined roles. But human resource considers people as “resource”, emphasize produce and develop. It focus on the commitment of employees; more organic, flexible and resourcecentred. ②The difference of manage method Personnel management is shorter-term and reactive, regarded as Marginalized management function. HRM takes a longer-term, proactive, strategic view, with the emphasis on helping the organization to achieve business success, regarded as Strategic management function. HRM is intergraded into line-management, rather than focused on specialist/professional roles. Also it focuses on the commitment of employees, rather than their compliance. Personnel functions tended to be bureaucratic, mechanistic and centralized, with formally defined roles. They are regarded as workforce-centered. Human resource management is more organic, flexible and resource-centered. ③The difference of manage content Personal management is recruitment new staff and fill the vacancy. In other ways, give approach people the approach work. Human resource not only has this function, but also responsible for plan the work and coordinate the relation of the work. (2) The evolution of personnel and human resource management. The first stage: social justice Evaluation of Personnel management started in 19th century. During the 1800?s governments began to feel pressure from the working class masses who started to question and defy the power of the aristocracy. This was called the social reform. The working class began to form workplace combinations and trade organizations to provide a collective voice for their rights. The first Trade Union Conference held in 1868. The personnel functionary arises from the work of nineteenth century social
Contents 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Findings 2.1 Current Organizational Structure 2.1.1 the Characteristic of Hierarchical Structures 2.1.2 Span of Control 2.1.3 Departmentalization 2.1.4 Communication Patterns 2.1.5 the Chain of Command 2.2 Future Organizational Structure 2.2.1 the Characteristic of Hierarchical Structures 2.2.2 Span of Control 2.2.3 Departmentalization 2.2.4 Communication Patterns 2.2.5 Chain of Demand 2.3 Contingency Approach that help determine the Future structure 2.3.1 Task 2.3.2 Technology 2.3.4 Size 2.4 Relationships 2.4.1 Line Relationship 2.4.2 Functional Relationship 2.4.3 Staff Relationship 2.4.4 Lateral Relationship 2.5 Authority, Responsibility and Delegation 3.0 Conclusion 4.0 Reference
h n d人力资源管理 o u t c o m e SANY GROUP system office room 【SANYUA16H-
Individual Report F84T 34 Managing People and Organisations Outcome 4 NAME: SCN: CLASS:
Contents Introduction (2) Section 1:The Structure at Present in Shangri-la Hotel (2) Section 2:An Appropriate Form of Re-Structure for Shangri-la Hotel (3) Section 3:The Influence of Task, Technology, and Size on the New Structure (5) Section 4: Line, Staff ,Functional and Lateral relationships within the New Structure (6) Section 5: Authority, Responsibility and Delegation within the New Structure (7) Conclusion (8) Reference (8)
Introduction The purpose of this report is to examine the understanding of management structure in the organization and its application. There are five sections in the report: management structure before merger; management structure after new development; contingency approach and its variables after merger; different relationships within the new structure; relevance of different relationships with new structure. Section 1:The Structure at Present in Shangri-la Hotel At present, flat structure is used in the management of the hotel. Hybrid management structure is used. Craig used the centralized and line approach to manage the restaurant .Ailsa used the decentralized and team approach to manage the hotel. In the hotel, all of the work was divided into four types according to different products or services: chambermaids, reception, kitchen staff and waiting staff. Flat structure: it means that a business has few vertical level of management and a wide span of control. As a result, the relationship between manager and subordinate will be closed, the flow of information will be quick, and it will save administrative expenses. However, because of wide spans, the communication between the same level department and employees will be difficult. In the case, for example, in the kitchen, there were only two levels: Craig, the manager; kitchen staffs and waiters. Craig directly gave the subordinates their different tasks. So it was a flat structure. Centralization& Decentralization: the centralization means that the important decisions are taken by the top management and the other levels implement the directions that top manager gives. In the case, Craig mainly used the centralized approach. For example, all his subordinates must follow the menu made by Craig. And Craig made decisions by himself and allocated tasks to kitchen staff and waiters. It should be a centralized approach. Decentralization means top manager delegates authorities to all levels of management. In the case, Ailsa used this decentralized
第一章 人力资源部工作实务 1．小型企业人力资源部组织结构图 2．中型企业人力资源组织结构图 3．大型企业人力资源部组织结构图 4．集团公司人力资源部组织结构图 5．人力资源部周工作汇报表 6．工作分解表 7．人力资源部汇报关系与授权图 8．人力资源部业务沟通模式和内控模式 9．人力资源部职责分工表 10．当月人力资源情况汇总表 11．人力资源重要事项通报 12．某公司人力资源部年度重点工作计划表 第二章 组织与职位管理 1．小型通信企业组织结构图 2．中型软件开发企业组织结构图 3．中型家电企业子公司组织结构图 4．大型零售企业区域分公司组织结构图 5．大型房地产企业组织结构图 6．大型证券企业组织结构图 7．岗位分析调查问卷 8．工作分析访谈表 9．工作评价要素表 10．部门关键能力分析调查表 11．部门职位设置表 12．岗位设置分析表 13．职位位置组织结构图 人力资源管理 实务操作完全手册
14．任职资格学历——工作经验替代表 15．组织设计流程图 16．职位说明书编写流程图 17．组织结构调整流程图 18．岗位设置流程图 第三章人力资源规划 1．企业人力资源状况统计表 2．人力资源结构调整计划表 3．人力资源流动成本分析表 4．人力资源战略规划表 5．岗位编制计划表 6．组织调整申请表 7．岗位增编申请表 8．公司部门内部岗位调动调整表 9．人力资源规划操作流程图 10．人力资源计划制订流程图 11．人力资源预算管理流程图 第四章招聘管理 1．招聘流程图 2．招聘需求表 3．应聘人员登记表 4．面试通知书 5．面试评价表样例一 6．面试评价表样例二 7．电话面试记录表 8．结构化面试问卷样本 9．新员工试用期考核表 10．新员工试用期工作总结表 11．新员工试用期转正考核表 12．新员工提前转正申请表 13．猎头服务委托单 14．猎头服务效果评价表 15．内部人员竞聘申请表 16．外部招聘管理流程图
1Explain the validity of one process and more content theory of motivation and assess their applicability to scenarios that exist within Scotia Airways. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory：Human needs can be classified into 5 levels, which can be portrayed in the shape of pyramid. In different stage of life, people will show their different urges to different levels of needs. Normally speaking, the main power of motivation usually comes from the most imperious needs level at present.It includes basic or physiological needs, safely and security needs, social needs, self-esteem needs, self-fulfilment needs. Basic or physiological needs is water sleep sex etc.Safely and security needs is security of body, of employment,of property,etc.Social needs is friendship, family.Self-esteem needs is self-esteem confidence,etc.Self-fulfilment needs is creativity, morality,etc.The high level is Self-fulfilment.Middle level are social needs self-esteem. Lower level are basic or physiological and Safely and security needs. The thing that can motivate staffs is the thing that they want to get. In this case when the investors first decided to set up Scotia Airways, they had a clear idea that business travel was a growth area. They set about appointing a management team whose experience and expertise was firmly grounded in the budget aviation market,it offer more chance about job and meet security of employment due to Future opportunities seem likely as the EU and UK government relax their control over the licensing of airline provision. Scotia Airways has been able to re tain the management team that were brought to the business in 1996. The vast majority of staff have also remained. It is the security of the employment and of friendship.The targets for scale of provision, passenger volume and market share are determined by senior managers, and middle and junior managers and employees then populate the details into the plan. It is benefit for staff acquire the satisfaction of achieve. So based on the above, Scotia Airways meet lower level needs and middle
Section 1:The Structure at Present in Shangri-la Hotel At present, flat structure is used in the management of the hotel. Hybrid management structure is used. Craig used the centralized and line approach to manage the restaurant .Ailsa used the decentralized and team approach to manage the hotel. In the hotel, all of the work was divided into four types according to different products or services: chambermaids, reception, kitchen staff and waiting staff.
Flat structure: it means that a business has few vertical level of management and a wide span of control. As a result, the relationship between manager and subordinate will be closed, the flow of information will be quick, and it will save administrative expenses. However, because of wide spans, the communication between the same level department and employees will be difficult. In the case, for example, in the kitchen, there were only two levels: Craig, the manager; kitchen staffs and waiters. Craig directly gave the subordinates their different tasks. So it was a flat structure. Centralization& Decentralization: the centralization means that the important decisions are taken the must tasks to top this After Ailsa used this approach. She divided all staffs in the hotel into several teams, such as the reception team managed by Antonio, the cleaning staff team, and the chambermaids team. Every team had their own specific work to do, and every team number involves in the management. So it was a team approach. Product or service: it means that the entire organization is divided into different departments according to the products or service supplied to customers. In the case, is was divided into four types: chambermaids, reception, kitchen staff and waiting staff. For example, in the management