非谓语动词
一、【知识精讲】
（一）非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语
非谓语动词的形式：不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词。其中，不定式和动名词能作主语、宾语和表语。
1.不定式和动名词作主语
（1）一般来说，这两者作主语时可以互换，但不定式作主语多表示将来或某种特定的情况，而动名词作主语则通常表示一般情况。它们作主语时，谓语多用单数。
To make/Making money is not the only purpose of our life. 赚钱不是我们生活的唯一目的。
（2）为了平衡句子，通常用it 作形式主语，而把不定式短语或动名词短语放在句末。
a. 常用不定式作主语的句型
It's difficult/important/necessary for sb. to do sth.
It's kind/good/friendly/polite/careless/rude/cruel/clever/foolish/brave of sb. to do sth.
b. 常用现在分词作主语的句型
It's no good/use/fun doing sth；It's a waste of time doing sth.；It's worthwhile doing sth.
2.不定式和动名词作宾语
（1）不定式作宾语
a. 常接不定式作宾语的动词有decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish, refuse, manage, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask/beg, afford, happen, wait, threaten等。
We agreed to meet at the school gate. 我们一致同意在校门口见面。
b. 动词tell, show, understand, know, explain, teach, learn, advise等常接“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语。
Please tell me when to start the project. 请告诉我何时开始这个项目。
c. 在动词find, think, consider, feel, make, believe等后，常用it作形式宾语，然后加宾语补足语，最后加不定式作真正的宾语。
We think it our duty to protect the environment. 我们认为保护环境是我们的责任。
（2）动名词作宾语
a. 常跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语)有consider(考虑), suggest, look forward to, admit, delay, fancy(想
象，设想), avoid, miss, keep, practise, deny, finish, enjoy, appreciate, imagine, risk, can't help, mind, escape等。
He tried to avoid answering my questions. 他试图对我的问题避而不答。
b. 由“动词＋介词”构成的短语，其后跟动名词作宾语，常见的有be/get accustomed to(习惯于), feel like(想要), insist on(坚持), get down to(开始着手做), object to(反对), stick to(坚持), give up(放弃)等。It's time I got down to thinking about that essay. 我该认真思考一下那篇论文了。
c. 下列动词(短语)既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。
mean to do sth. 打算做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事；forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（未做）forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（已做）；regret to do sth. 对即将做的事表示遗憾（未做）regret doing sth. 对做过的事表示后悔（已做）；try to do sth. 尽力去做某事try doing sth. 试着做某事；go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事go on doing sth. 继续做原来做的事；remember to do sth. 记着去做某事（未做）remember doing sth. 记着做了某事（已做）
3.不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词作表语
（1）一般来说，不定式作表语表示该动作发生在将来，故在表示“目的(aim, purpose)、愿望(wish, hope)、梦想(dream)、需求(need)”等名词作主语时，其表语用不定式。动名词作表语一般用来表示身份、职业等。My dream is to become a scientist. 我的梦想是要成为一名科学家。
My job is teaching. 我的工作是教学。
（2）现在分词作表语说明主语所具有的特征；过去分词多表示主语所处的状态。
The speech was inspiring. 这个演讲很鼓舞人心。
The students were greatly inspired. 学生们受到了极大的鼓舞。
（二）非谓语动词作定语
1.不定式作定语
（1）不定式作定语表示将来的动作。
The question to be discussed at the meeting is very important. 将在会议上讨论的那个问题是非常重要的。
（2）有些名词后大多用不定式作定语，如ability, desire等。一般来说，如果它们的形容词形式是“be adj. ＋to do”搭配的话，其名词形式也是如此。
（3）不定式作定语的特殊情况：被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next, last, only和not a, the等限定词时，只能用不定式。
Mr Peterson is always the first person to arrive at the training centre. 皮特森先生总是第一个到达训练中心的人。
2.分词作定语
（1）现在分词表示主动意义；过去分词一般表示被动意义。
The child standing over there is my brother. 站在那儿的那个小孩是我弟弟。
The frightened child stood there still. 那个吓坏了的小孩站在那里一动不动。
（2）现在分词表示正在进行；过去分词表示状态或完成。
Do you want to see the doctor working on the case report in the office? 你要见那位正在办公室里写病历的医生吗？
A broken cup is lying on the ground. 地上有一只破碎的杯子。
（3）动词不定式的被动式（to be done），现在分词的被动式（being done）和过去分词（done）作定语的区别：动词不定式的被动式强调的是一个即将要发生的被动动作；现在分词一般式的被动式表示一个正在进行的被动动作；过去分词表示发生在过去的被动动作。
The building being built now will be a restaurant. 正在建造的大楼将会是一个宾馆。
The building to be built next year will be a restaurant. 明年即将要建造的大楼将会是一个宾馆。The building built last year is a restaurant. 去年建造的这座大楼是一个宾馆。
（三）非谓语动词作宾语补足语
1.不定式作宾补
常见动词：ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage (sb.to do sth.)；have(让), notice, see, watch, hear, feel, let, make (sb. do sth.)
与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念：主动关系，强调动作将发生或已经完成。
The teacher encouraged me to study hard.
I heard him call me several times.
Who would you like to have do the experiment？
2.现在分词作宾补
常见动词：notice, see, watch, hear, find, have(让), feel, keep, leave (sb./sth. doing)
与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念：主动关系，强调动作正在进行，尚未完成。
I found her listening to the radio.
He has the machine running all the time.
I won't have my students cheating in the exam. (否定句中表示“容忍”)
3.过去分词作宾补
常见动词：notice, see, watch, hear, find, have(让), feel, keep, leave (sb./sth. done)
与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念：被动关系，表示动作已经完成，多强调状态。
We found the village greatly changed.
She was surprised that the washing machine she had had repaired went wrong again.
【归纳拓展】
（1）感官动词的宾语补足语
表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如hear, feel, find, listen to, look at, watch, notice, observe, smell, see 等词后可以接省去to的动词不定式、现在分词及过去分词作宾语补足语。常见的句型有(以hear为例)：hear sb do sth 听见某人做了某事（表示动作已经完成，强调一个过程）
hear sb doing sth 听见某人正在做某事（表示正在进行）
hear sth done 听说某事被做（表示已经完成）
I heard her sing an English song just now. 刚才我听到她唱了一首英文歌。
I heard her singing an English song when I passed her room yesterday. 昨天经过她的房间的时候，我听见她在唱英文歌。
I heard an English song sung by a little girl the other day. 几天前我听到一个小女孩唱了一首英文歌。【特别提醒】省略不定式符号to作宾语补足语时，改成被动语态后要加上不定式符号to。
She was heard to sing an English song at the party. 她在聚会上唱了一首英文歌。
（2）常见的使役动词有make, leave, have, get等
①宾语和宾语补足语之间表示主动的结构
make sb do sth 使得某人做某事
get sb to do sth 使得某人开始做某事（强调使/让某人开始行动起来）
have sb do sth 使得某人做某事
have sb doing sth 使得某人一直做某事（在疑问句或否定句中表示“容忍，允许”）
leave/keep/get sb/sth doing sth 使...保持某种状态
leave sb to do sth 留下某人做某事
Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt. 妈妈让我去商店买些盐。
You may get your son to carry the heavy box for you.你可以让你的儿子帮你提这个重箱子。
His question got the students thinking. 他的问题使学生们思考起来。
I won't have you walking home all by yourself. 我不会让你独自走回家的。
It's wrong of you to leave the machine running. 你让机器一直开着是不对的。
He went to the cinema, leaving me to do all the rest of the work. 他去看电影了，留下我一个人去做所有余下的工作。
②宾语和宾语补足语之间表示被动的结构
make/get/have sth done 使/让某事被做
leave sth to be done 留下某事要去做/要被做
leave sth done 使...处于某种状态
I'll have/get my bike repaired tomorrow. 我明天得(请人)修一下我的自行车。
Tom had his legs broken while playing football. 汤姆踢足球时伤了腿。
The guest left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn't taste delicious. 大部分的菜客人们都没有动，因为它们不可口。
We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled. 我们匆匆忙忙结束了会议，留下许多问题等待解决。
（四）非谓语动词作状语
1.不定式作状语
（1）通常表示目的，前面可用in order或so as，以示强调。
I saved every cent (in order) to buy a car. 我攒每一分钱是为了买一辆小汽车。
（2）表示结果时常用于too...to, enough to do sth., only to..., never to...等结构中。
The temperature is high enough to change water into steam. 温度足以高到把水变成水蒸汽。
He hurried home only to find his money stolen. 他急忙回家，结果发现钱被偷了。
He left his home town in 1938, never to be heard from again. 1938年他离开了他的家乡，之后再也没有他的消息。
The boy is too young to dress himself. 那个男孩太小了不能给自己穿衣服。
【特别提醒】
1.当不定式前的形容词为nervous, pleased, willing, delighted, happy, glad等时，too...to表示肯定。They are (only) too nervous to leave. 他们(非常)急于离开。
2.当不定式前有否定意义的词时表示肯定。
It's never too late to learn. 活到老，学到老。
（3）so...as to/such...as to意为“如此……以至于”，也表示结果。
He was so angry as to be unable to speak. 他如此生气以至于说不出话来。
He was such a fool as to believe the cheat. 他如此笨以至于相信那个骗局。
（4）用在某些形容词的后面。
I am overjoyed to hear the news. 听到这个消息我太高兴了。
They are sure to win the match. 他们一定会赢下这场比赛。
2. 分词作状语
分词作状语可以表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、让步、方式。
Given more time, I can do the work better. 如果多给一点时间，我能做得更好一些。(条件状语) Coming into the room, he found his father angry. 当走进房间时，他发现父亲生气了。(时间状语) Born a free man, he was now in chains. 虽然他生下来是自由的，现在却戴着镣铐。(让步状语) Disturbed by the noise, we had to finish the meeting early. 受到噪音的干扰，我们只好提前结束了会议。(原因状语)
He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looking rather pleased. 他把一个手指放进嘴里，尝了尝，笑了，看起来挺高兴。(伴随状语)
【特别提醒】
现在分词和only to do sth.都可以表示结果，但是现在分词作状语表示自然而然的结果，即由于前句动作的发生而自然造成的结果，而only to do sth.表示出乎意料的(往往是不太好的)结果。
Her parents died, leaving her an orphan. 她父母双亡，留下她一个孤儿。
I ran all the way to the post office, only to find it closed. 我一路跑到邮局，结果发现邮局关门了。
（五）非谓语动词时态和语态的变化
非谓语动词有一般时、完成时和进行时的时态变化，有主动语态和被动语态的变化。
1.不定式
时态主动语态被动语态
一般时to do to be done
进行时to be doing
完成时to have done to have been done
（1）不定式的一般时(to do)：不定式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或不强调动作的先后。
He pretended to be very friendly with me. 他假装对我很友好。
（2）不定式的进行时(to be doing)：强调不定式的动作正在进行。
He pretended to be reading the newspaper when I came in. But I noticed he was holding the newspaper upside down. 我进来的时候他假装在看报纸。可是，我注意到他把报纸拿反了。
（3）不定式的完成时(to have done)：不定式的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
He pretended to have already known about the secret. 他假装已经知道了这个秘密。
—Is Bob still performing? ——鲍勃还在表演吗？
—I'm afraid not. He is said to have left the stage as he has become an official.——可能没有。据说，他当官后就离开了舞台。
2.现在分词
时态主动语态被动语态
一般时doing being done
完成时having done having been done
（1）现在分词的一般时(doing)：现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或表示动作正在进行。
Arriving at the station, he found the train had left. 他到达车站的时候，发现火车已经开走了。（2）现在分词的完成时(having done)：强调现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
Having been shown around the lab, the visitors were taken to the playground. 在参观完实验室后，参观者被带到操场上。
3.过去分词
表示非谓语动词的动作在谓语动词之前发生或同时发生，表示被动的动作。
Given more time, I'll do it better. 给我多一些时间，我会做得更好。
（六）非谓语动词的特殊形式
非谓语动词的特殊形式有：不定式的复合结构、现在分词的复合结构和独立主格结构。
1.不定式的复合结构
为了表示某动作明确的主体，要带上不定式的逻辑主语，此时用for sb. to do sth.或of sb. to do sth.两种形式。there be句式的不定式的复合结构用for there to be。
It's too early for there to be anyone in the street. 太早了，没有人在街上。
2.现在分词的复合结构
当现在分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致时，直接用动名词作主语或宾语，而当现在分词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，用现在分词的复合结构：sb./sb.'s doing sth.，如果是人称代词也可以用宾格形式。Would you mind me/my opening the door? 我把门打开，你介意吗？
Tom's being polite is praised by all. 大家称赞汤姆讲礼貌。
3.独立主格结构
分词作状语时，如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时，需要用独立主格结构。这种结构在句中多作伴随状语，亦可用来表示时间、原因、条件等。结构如下：主干(主语1＋谓语＋宾语)，主语2＋doing/having done/done(＝having been done)
That being the case, we'd better make some changes in the plan. 情况既然如此，我们最好改变一下计划。
Weather permitting, we will go out. 天气允许的话，我们会出去。
The teacher having finished the lesson, the students left the classroom. 老师结束了课程，学生们离开了教室。
（七）非谓语动词的省略
非谓语动词的省略主要是指“连词＋分词”和不定式的省略。
不定式的省略包括下面三种情况：省略不定式的符号to而保留动词；承前省略不定式动词而保留不定式的符号to；两个动词不定式连用时后面的动词承前省略to。
1.省略to的不定式：省略不定式的符号to，而保留不定式的动词。
（1）省略to的不定式作合成谓语
不定式不可以单独使用，但是可以和助动词、情态动词一起构成合成谓语。have to, be able to, ought to, used to等短语中的to在任何情况下都不可以省略。
（2）省略to的不定式作宾语
a. help后面的不定式带不带to都可以。
Why not help (to) sweep the floor? 为什么不帮忙把地板扫一下？
b. 不定式前面的句子部分有do的各种变化形式，后面的句子用不带to的不定式。
She can do nothing but wait in the cold. 她什么也不能做，只能在寒冷中苦等。
c. cannot but, cannot choose but, cannot help but后接不带to的不定式。
I cannot but admire his great courage. 我不得不佩服他的非凡勇气。
2.省略不定式的动词而保留不定式的符号to
当不定式的动词在上文已经出现，或在下文将要出现时，为了避免单调的重复，常常将to后面的动词省略，而保留不定式的符号。
（1）形容词happy, glad, pleased, anxious, eager, willing, ready, lucky等后面的动词省略。—Why not stay for a cup of tea, Tom? ——为什么不留下来喝杯茶呢，汤姆？
—I'd be glad to, but I'll have to leave now. ——非常乐意，但我现在不得不离开了。
（2）固定短语used to, have to, would like/love to, be able to, be about to, be supposed to中的动词可以省略，但必须保留不定式的符号。
I don't want to attend the meeting, but I have to. 我不想参加这个会议，但我不得不去。
—Would you like to go to the cinema with me tomorrow afternoon?——明天下午你愿意和我一起去看电影吗？
—I'd like to, Mum, but I have been invited to a party by Jane. It is her birthday.——我很想去，妈妈，但我已经受简邀请去她的生日派对了。
二、【典例精练】
1.________(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
【答案】Travelling/Traveling
【解析】句意：沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一种有趣且有益的体验。分析句子结构可知，空格处所在短语在句中作主语，故用动名词。
2.I didn't mean ________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help________(try) it.
【答案】to eat；trying
【解析】句意：我没打算吃东西，但这冰淇淋看上去如此美味以至于我忍不住品尝了一下。mean to do sth.打算做某事；mean doing sth. 意味着做某事；can't help doing sth. 禁不住/忍不住做某事；can't help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事。
3.Since I was small, my parents have told me that it is no use ________(bother) about those who always stand still and refuse to make progress.
【答案】bothering
【解析】句意：从我小时候起，我的父母就告诉我为总是故步自封的人而烦恼是没有什么用的。It is no use doing sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事没有用”；bother about sb.意为“为某人而烦恼”。
4.China has clear actions________(address)environmental protection, sustainable development and climate change.
【答案】addressing
【解析】句意：中国为应对环保、可持续发展以及气候变化采取了明确的行动。分析句子成分可知，本题为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰actions，再结合句意可知，actions与address之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。
5.The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ________(range) from butterflies to elephants.
【答案】ranging
【解析】句意：国家公园有大量的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象都有。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空格处用非谓语动词，且空格处与其逻辑主语a large collection of wildlife之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。
6.Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ________(spend) with his students.
【答案】spent
【解析】句意：吉姆已经退休了，但他仍然记得与学生们一起度过的快乐时光。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，the happy time与spend之间是被动关系，且此处表示一个已完成的动作，所以用过去分词作定语。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/5d19060935.html, singer Bob Dylan was awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature, becoming the first songwriter ________(win) the honour.
【答案】to win
【解析】句意：美国歌手鲍勃·迪伦获得了2016年诺贝尔文学奖，成为第一个获此殊荣的词曲作者。名词前面有序数词修饰时，后面要用动词不定式作定语。
8.I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________(catch).
【答案】to catch
【解析】句意：开会期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要赶火车。have sth. to do意为“有某事要做”，因此这里用动词不定式作定语，修饰a train。
9.They're having a discussion in the meeting room. The decision ________(make) at the meeting may have a big effect on our mission.
【答案】to be made
【解析】句意：他们正在会议室开会，会议上的决定可能对我们的任务有巨大的影响。根据句意可知，会议正在开，决定还尚未被做出，故用不定式的被动语态作定语。
10.I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph________(take).
【答案】taken
【解析】句意：我需要一个新护照，因此我得去让人给我照相。本句是have sth. done结构，意为“使某事完成”。my photograph与take之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。
11.The goal, which they are unlikely to live to see________(accomplish), is to “cure, prevent or manage all diseases”in the next 80 or so years.
【答案】accomplished
【解析】句意：他们有生之年不太可能实现的目标是在未来80年左右“治愈、预防或控制所有疾病”。the goal与动词accomplish是被动关系，指目标被完成，此处用过去分词作宾补，完整形式为see the goal accomplished。
12.Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ________(perform) live is quite
another.
【答案】being performed
【解析】句意：在家里面听音乐是一回事，去到现场听又是另一回事。此处表示“听到音乐正在被演奏”。
13.Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, ________(exceed) the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
【答案】exceeding
【解析】句意：在此期间创造了约13 500个新增就业岗位，超过了市场分析员预计的12 000个就业岗位。句中已有谓语动词were created，所以此处应该用非谓语动词。“新增就业岗位的数量”与“超越”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词短语在句中作结果状语。
14.During the Mid-autumn Festival, family members often gather together________(share) a meal, admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes.
【答案】to share
【解析】句意：在中秋节期间，家庭成员经常聚到一起吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼。根据语境可知，空格后的内容是家人聚在一起的目的，故此处用不定式。
15.Many Chinese brands,________(develop) their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.
【答案】having developed
【解析】句意：很多中国品牌历经几个世纪树立了声誉，它们正面临着当代市场带来的新挑战。本句的主语Many Chinese brands与动词develop之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词，又根据句中的时间状语over centuries可知，此处用现在分词的完成式。
16.Today we have chat rooms, text messaging, e-mailing...but we seem________(lose) the art of communicating face to face.
【答案】to be losing
【解析】句意：今天我们有聊天室，短信，电子邮件…但我们似乎正在失去面对面交流的艺术。seem只能接不定式，再根据句中的时间状语today可知用进行时，表示一直在进行的动作。
17.________(translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
【答案】Translated
【解析】句意：翻译成英文之后，就会发现这个句子有完全不同的语序。句子主语the sentence与动词
translate之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。
18.Listen! Do you hear someone________(call) for help?
【答案】calling
【解析】句意：听!你听到有人在呼救吗? 该空在句中为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，根据someone与call 的主动关系，由“Listen！”可判断此处表示正在求救，故用现在分词。
19.Mrs White showed her students some old maps________(borrow) from the library.
【答案】borrowed
【解析】句意：怀特夫人向学生们展示了一些从图书馆借来的老地图。根据句意可知，borrow和maps是被动关系且动作已经完成，故用过去分词作定语。
20.All flights________(cancel) because of the terrible weather, we had no alternative but to go there by train.
【答案】cancelled
【解析】句意：由于恶劣的天气，所有的航班都被取消了，我们只好乘火车去那里。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，cancel与其逻辑主语all flights是被动关系，故用过去分词cancelled。
21.His newly released film consists of many separate scenes, most of them________(reflect) different aspects of rural life.
【答案】reflecting
【解析】句意：他新发布的电影由许多独立的场景组成，大多数场景反映了乡村生活的方方面面。分析句子结构可知，most of them ________ different aspects of rural life是独立主格结构，且most of them 和reflect之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。
22.Two team members________(send away), we took over their work and stayed up late to complete the programme.
【答案】having been sent away
【解析】句意：两名队员被派遣出去后，我们接管了他们的工作，并熬夜完成了这个项目。分析句子结构可知，Two team members ________为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。two team members与send away 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动形式；再结合句意可知，send away这一动作发生在谓语took和stayed up late所表示的动作之前，故此处用现在分词的完成式。
23.The country will not set a target to double its gross domestic product from 2021 on, more emphasis________(put) on unbalanced and inadequate development and quality of growth.
【答案】to be put
【解析】句意：从2021年起，那个国家将不再设定国内生产总值翻一番的目标，而是将更多的重点放在不平衡和不充分的发展和增长的质量上。根据句意可知，此处用独立主格结构在句中作状语，表示将来的动作且emphasis与动词put是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用不定式的被动式。
24.China's e-commerce giant Alibaba had an amazing year as the Nov.11 shopping carnival broke new records, the Double Twelve shopping day________(follow) with success.
【答案】following
【解析】句意：中国的电子商务巨头阿里巴巴有一个惊人的一年，因为双十一购物狂欢节打破了新纪录，双十二紧跟其后也很成功。两句话之间是逗号，但是没有连词，说明后面是独立主格结构；the Double Twelve shopping day 和follow是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。
25.—You should have thanked her before she left. —I meant ________(to do/to/doing/to have done), but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere.
【答案】to
【解析】句意：——你离开之前本应该向她道谢的。——我打算(这样做)，但是我离开时到处都找不到她。mean to do sth. 意为“打算做某事”。此处是不定式的省略形式，后面省略了thank her。
26.The naughty boy had wanted to play football with the kids in the street, but his parents warned him ________(not to/not to do/to do/of doing).
【答案】not to
【解析】句意：那个调皮的男孩想和街上的孩子踢足球，但是他的父母警告他不要(踢球)。本句是省略句，补充完整为...his parents warned him not to play football.
非谓语动词( 2015届高三. 咏华) 非谓语动词就是在句中不作谓语的动词, 有动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed分词。 一.非谓语动词的形式变化(结合前面的“时态和语态”专题，推测非谓语动词的各种时态和语态相结合的 二．分析下列各组句子，划出非谓语部分，判断非谓语在句中充当的成分，总结非谓语动词在句中充当同一种成分时的用法及区别。 1．①Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。 ②To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 ③To obey the law is important. = It is important to obey the law. ④It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 归纳：作主语 ●通常，v-ing表抽象的或习惯性的动作，不定式表具体的或一次性的将来动作。 ●不定式和v-ing作主语常放在句末，主语位置用形式主语it，即 It + is/was +adj./n.（如：easy/difficult/(im)possible/likely/good/a good idea等）+ to do sth. 但It + is/was + 某些adj./n. (worth/useless/no use/no good/of little use/ of little good) + v-ing. 2．①The story is interesting. ②My job is teaching. (= Teaching is my job.) ③I am deeply devoted to education. ④The window is broken. ⑤My dream is to be admitted into an ideal university. 归纳：作表语 ●v-ing 表主语（物）的性质（令人…….的）或内容； ●v-ed 表主语（人）的情感（感到…….的）或所处的状态； ●不定式表将来动作，在表“目的aim/goal/purpose、愿望wish/hope、梦想dream、 需求demand”等的名词作主语时其表语用不定式。 3.①Shall we go to the swimming pool ? ②This is an interesting story. ③The excited fans are shouting and waving to the film star. ④China is a developing country while America is a developed country. ⑤I have a lot of papers to type. ⑥She was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize.
最新英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．Students surf the internet _______ more information about the university they are dreamt of. A．found B．finding C．having found D．to find 【答案】D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信息。此处表示目的用不定式，指上网的目的。故选D。 2．Look over there! There is a long, winding path ________ up to the house. A．lead B．leading C．led D．to lead 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：看那边!有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那所房子。分析句式可知，这是个there be 句型，因此，此处用非谓语动词，path与lead是主动关系，因此用现在分词，故选B。 3．______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies. A．Having exposed B．Being exposed C．To expose D．Exposed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动名词。句意：暴露于核辐射中甚至很短时间都会影响人体的基因。分析句子成分发现even for a short time是插入语，may influence是谓语，前面的部分应该是主语，be exposed to“暴露于”，要用动名词Being exposed to。故B选项正确。 4．The lecture, _______at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A．starting B．being started C．to start D．to be started 【答案】A 【解析】 选A start与逻辑主语the lecture之间为主动关系，故排除B、D两项。不定式作定语时，常表示动作尚未发生，故排除C项，此处用现在分词作后置定语，表示主动。 第四步：根据与谓语动词的先后关系确定时态 非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前用过去分词或v.-ing形式/不定式的
一、选择题 1．—It’s too hot. Would you mind my________ the window? — ________, please do it now. A．to open; OK B．opening; Certainly not C．opening; Of course D．to open; Good idea 2．—________is the boy using his mobile phone________? —________for information. A．Why; / ; Search B．Why; for; To search C．What; for; Searching D．What; for; To search 3．—You don’t know what great difficulty I had ________ to get the two tickets. —But the film is really worth _________ twice. A．managing; seeing B．to manage; seeing C．managing; being seen D．managed; to see 4．Our parents won't allow us _____ in the river alone. A．swim B．to swim C．swimming D．swam 5．When he saw the photo, he couldn’t stop ________ her stay in London. A．think of B．to think of C．thought of D．thinking of 6．Let’s go to that shop________some school things. A．buying B．to buy C．bought 7．My mom wants________a new Jacket________me. A．to buy;to B．to buy: for C．buy; for 8．We should do what we can _________ animals in danger. A．save B．to save C．saving D．saved 9．I used to . But now I get used to doing everything. I’m successful at last. A．give up; keeping B．giving up; keeping C．giving up; keep D．give up; keep 10．_____ the environment is important for human beings. A．Take care of B．Taking care of C．Took care of D．Take the care of 11．Would you mind _________ in class? A．no talking B．not talking C．no talk D．not talk 12．The journey made them ________very tired. A．to feel B．feeling C．feel 13．—Do you prefer basketball with me? 一No,I’d rather at home and watch TV. A．play;stay B．to play;to stay
高考复习之非谓语动词（一） Task 1 ? Listen and fill in the blanks 1.When I was young, I’d listen to the radio, __________ for my favorite song. When they played, I’d sing along. It made me _________. ?Yesterday once more 2.Sorry I never told you all I wanted __________. Now it’s too late _________. Cause you’ve flown away, so far away. Never had I imagined __________ without your smile. _________ and _________ you hear me, it keeps me alive. ?A sweet day Task 2 做题 Task 3 总结解题技巧 一、___________________________________________ 1.They included digging up the road, __________(lay) the track and then building a roof over the top. 2.What makes Qigong special is that it can be done ___________(lie), sitting, or standing. 二、___________________________________________ 3.First, __________(talk) to someone you trust is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself. 4._____________(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes. 三、___________________________________________ 5.___________(learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course. 6.Reaching the destination, he suddenly found his __________(lose) shoe in a basket. 7.To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d lik e you to look at a study ____________(conduct) in Australia in 2012. 四、___________________________________________ 8.Today there are more airplanes _________ (carry) more people than ever before in the skies. 9.There’s a note ___________(attach) to the door saying when the shop will open again. 10.There are always lots of people in the street, and there is always something _________(see) or do. 五、___________________________________________ 11.Children, when _____________(accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. 12.After school, I went back home on time to help my parents do some housework while ___________ (enjoy) some light music. 六、____________________________________________ 13.With all the porridge _________ (eat) up, he picked out a shoe and boiled it to eat. 14.I stood before her with my heart ___________ (beat) fast. 15.Much time _________(spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by
一、选择题 1．We should do everything we can________the endangered birds. A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protected 2．—You don’t know what great difficulty I had ________ to get the two tickets. —But the film is really worth _________ twice. A．managing; seeing B．to manage; seeing C．managing; being seen D．managed; to see 3．When he saw the photo, he couldn’t stop ________ her stay in London. A．think of B．to think of C．thought of D．thinking of 4．Let’s go to that shop________some school things. A．buying B．to buy C．bought 5．She couldn’t help ________ when she heard the death of her grandmother. A．cry B．to cry C．crying D．to crying 6．Dan shows an interest in musical instruments and is often heard _____ the guitar. A．play B．played C．playing D．to play 7．Would you mind _________ in class? A．no talking B．not talking C．no talk D．not talk 8．The snow makes them______ cold, so they want to make a fire_______ warm. A．feel , to keep B．to feel, keep C．feel, keep D．to feel ,to keep 9．We should try our best to prevent the air pollution________. A．from living a better life B．to live a better life C．live a better life D．lives a better life 10．I saw a little boy ________on the road. A．lie B．lying C．lied 11．—What about_____________? —That’s a good idea, A．go shopping B．going shop C．going shopping D．go to shop 12．—It’s too hot. Would you mind my________ the window? — ________, please do it now. A．to open; OK B．opening; Certainly not C．opening; Of course D．to open; Good idea 13．If you really don’t know _______ at the party, you can come to me. A．who will you talk with B．who to talk C．who to talk to D．who you will talk 14．(2016·老河口期考)—What did the guard say to you just now? —He warned us_______any farther. There's danger ahead. A．didn't walk B．not to walk C．walk D．to walk 15．Thanks for ________ me with my English.
非谓语动词学案 授课班级______ 应到学生______ 实到学生_____课型_____ 教学目标：1. 熟悉非谓语动词的构成； 2. 能够熟练使用非谓语动词。 教学过程： 一、非谓语动词的概念 动词的基本用法是作谓语,而非谓语动词在句中不能作谓语。当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。 二、非谓语动词的形式和基本用法： 1、动词不定式：to do 表示目的和将来; I have a meeting to attend. The child has nothing to worry about. He worked day and night to get the money. 2、动词的ing : doing 表示主动和进行； Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? He kept the car waiting at the gate. (While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 3、动词的过去分词：done表示被动和完成。 The window was broken by the boy. Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. Praised by the neighbors, he became the pride of his parents. I heard the song sung several times last week. 三、非谓语动词的时态和语态 四、非谓语动词的否定形式 在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即not / never to do, not / never doing/ not/ never done 五、非谓语动词的做题步骤 1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了 2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
英语语法归纳之非谓语动词（动名词） 敬告： 以下内容，不参加高考等有语法题（语法单选、语法填空、短文改错等）考试的应用类学员无须深究，知道该语法结构的存在，及其充当的句子成分和功能即可，应多花时间练习听说读写，否则就背离了语言学习真正目的。应试类学员有时间可以比较分析，基本搞懂。 过去分词长什么样？规则的情况下与动词过去式相同，当然有不规则的情况；过去分词可以充当定语、状语、补语、定语，不可能充当主语、宾语； 过去分词不像现在分词有多种体现时态和语态的形式，只有一种形式done表示。 1、过去分词可以充当主谓宾补句型中的宾语补语；它与宾语是被动关系，或者说它与宾语是动宾关系。 (1) We found the fish eaten by our cat. (2) I can’t make myself understood because of my poor English. 2、过去分词可以充当定语；充当定语当然是修饰主语、宾语等名性的结构；表达过去分词的动作是被动的或完成，或即被动又完成的。 (1) The party had last night (which was had last night) was very cheerful. (2) USA is a developed country (a country which has been developed). (3) A great number of students questioned (who had been questioned) said they were forced to practice the piano. 3、过分词可以充当状语，它与主句主语是被动关系，或者说它与主句的主语是动宾关系； 过去分词一般只强调被动动作而不强调时间，多用于条件和原因状语；(1) Taken in time, the medicine will turn out to be very effective. If the medicine is taken in time, it will turn out to be very effective. (2) Offered an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.
高中英语语法讲解【非谓语动词】【专题要点】 非谓语动词和独立主格结构主要用法如下： 1.动名词和动词不定式作主语、宾语； 2.只跟动名词作宾语的动词或动词短语； 3.只跟动词不定式作宾语的常见动词； 4.既可以跟动名词又可以跟动词不定式作宾语，且意义不同的动词或短语； 5.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语的区别； 6.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作定语时的区别； 7.不定式、现在分词、过去分词作状语时的区别； 8.动名词的复合结构在句中作状语； 9.there be 结构的两种非谓语形式； 10.独立主格结构在句中作状语； 11.with复合结构在句中作状语或定语。 【教法指引】 非谓语动词包括不定式、v-ing形式和过去分词，是高中英语学习的难点，也是高考考查的重点。高中英语非谓语动词是一个重要考点，教师在引导学生复习备考中要注意重点突出、训练得当，尤其是对以下要点的复习： 1.不定式、现在分词与过去分词的用法区别； 2.非谓语动词的主动式与被动式； 3.非谓语动词完成式的用法； 4.非谓语动词用作伴随状语； 5.非谓语动词用作目的状语； 6.非谓语动词用作结果状语； 7.非谓语动词用作宾语补足语；
8.非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题； 9.非谓语动词用作主语的问题； 10.“（be+）过去分词+介词”结构； 11.动名词的复合结构和there be结构的非谓语动词形式。 对于独立主格结构的复习，教师必须要讲清它的构成方式和在句子中的作用以及与with复合结构和分词之间的辨析的关系。 【知识网络】 非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。 1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别 （1）动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 Smoking is prohibited（禁止）here．这里禁止抽烟。（抽象） It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。（具体）（2）动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。（经验） Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。（经验） （3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。 It took me only five minutes to finish the job.我只花了五分钟的时间来完成这项工作。 2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别 （1）不定式作表语 1）不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。 To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做两件事等于未做。 What I would suggest is to start work at once. 我的建议是立刻开始干。
非谓语动词 1（湖南省湘潭市外国语学校2010届高三第二次月考）Before the 1850’s, the United States had a number of small colleges, most of them ____ from colonial days. A. was dated B. is dated C. is dating D. dating 2（浙江省金华一中2010届高三9月月考）Do I have to take all this medicine? It _______ so terrible. A. tastes B. is tasting C. is tasted D. has tasted 3（重庆市合川太和中学2010届高三第二次月考）___________ in the countryside made Mr. Wilson very hardworking when he was still young. A. Bringing up B. Being brought up C. Having brought up D. Brought up 4（广西柳州市第一中学2010届高三第一次模拟考试）A good knowledge of English is helpful if you are devoted to _______English literature. A．be studied B．study C．studied D．studying 5（江西省吉安一中2010届高三上学期第二次月考）April 12, 1846, was chosen as the day when all should be ready to start. We left _______with a group of 45 wagons. A. to travel B. travelled C. travelling D. travel 6（江西省师大附中2010届高三10月月考）This is an illness that can result in total blindness if ____. A. leaving untreated B. left untreated C. leaving to be untreated D. left untreating 7（山东省枣庄市第五中学2010届高三9月调研考试）——Would you like to help me clean my house now? ——Sorry, I can’t help _________ your house because I’m busy repairing mw bike? A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned 8（河南省睢县高级中学2010届高三第一次月考）The comments the expert made ______ stock-market bothered him greatly, ______ him not fall asleep all night. A. be concerned, which made B. concerned, making C. concerning, making D. to be concerning, made 9（湖南省岳阳市一中2010届高三第二次月考）______as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention. A. Being published B. Publishing C. Published D. To be published 10（山东省郓城一中2010届高三第一次诊断检测）Even today I still remember the great fun we had _____ games on the beach in those happy days. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played 11（四川省绵阳南山中学2010届高三10月月考）The man lay under a tree eating something, and seeing a dog running to him, ______ up in no time. A. to stand B. stood C. standing D. would stand 12（浙江省温州市十校联合体2010届高三上学期期初联考）The tall waterfalls and green mountains are a splendid sight when ______ from the valley bottom. A. viewing B. viewing them C. viewed D. view 13（安徽省安庆市示范高中2010届高三四校联考）I won’t go to his birthday without _______. A. inviting B. being inviting C. invited D. to be invited 14（江西省南昌二中2010届高三上学期第二次月考）Charlie stood on the top of the mountain,
非谓语动词 不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句，不定式作状语时往往用来作目的状语、结果状语或原因状语。 1．不定式用来作目的状语：作目的状语时，不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语，这里往往译作“为了，想要”。 (2009·辽宁卷)To be a winner，you need to give all you have and try your best.要想成为赢家，你要付出所有并竭尽全力。 2．不定式用于so...as to ...，such...as to；enough to；too...to；only to等结构中作结果状语。Would you be so kind as to lend me your bicycle? 你能不能行行好，借给我你的自行车？ He is such a fool as to think that his strange behaviour can inflect others.他如此愚蠢以至于认为他奇怪的行为会影响他人。 He hurried to the booking office only to have been told all the tickets had been sold out. 他匆忙去了售票处，结果被告诉所有的票已经卖完了。 专家提醒：“only＋to do”表示出乎意料的结果，tell 和主语He 之间存在动宾关系，因而应用不定式的被动结构。而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。 His parents died，leaving him an orphan. 他的父母去世了，使他成为孤儿。 1.(2010·江西卷)There were many talented actors out there just waiting________. A．to discover B．to be discovered D ．being discovered C．discovered 解析：句意为：很多有天赋的演员就在那里等待被发现。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。此题空格处用不定式来表示目的，而且actors与discover之间为被动关系，所以B项为答案。 答案： B 2．(2010·合肥第二次教学检测)—Why are the students working so hard these days. —________ready for the ing entrance examination. A．To get B．Get D ．Got ．CGetting 可知，此句是省略句，”为了即将来临的入学考试准备“考查非谓语动词。根据答语解析： 不定式作状语，表示目的。 答案： A 3．(2010·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)With Father's Day around the corner，I have taken some money out of the bank________presents for my dad. A．buy B．to buy D．to have bought C．buying 解析：句意为：父亲节就要到了，我已经从银行取了些钱出来准备给爸爸买些礼物。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。从语境看，本空在句中作目的状语，用不定式，因此A的动词原形、C的现在分词、D的不定式完成式都不符合题意。 答案： B
非谓语动词用法详解 动词的非谓语形式有三种：不定式、动名词和分词 (一)不定式 不定式由“to十动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to do”．不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化．不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语．不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for十名词或代词宾格”构成． 1．不定式的用法： l)作主语．不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语．例如： To see is to believe． It is right to give up smoking． 2)作宾语．不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语。往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语．例如： He wanted to go． I find it interesting to study work with him. 3)作宾语补足语．例如： He asked me to do the work with him. 注意：在feel，hear，listen to，look at，notice, observe，see，watch，have, let，make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to．但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to．例如 I often hear him sing the song． He is often heard to sing the song． 注意：不定式动词在介词but，except，besides后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to．如： She could do nothing but cry. What do you like to do besides swim? I have no choice but to go． 动词help之后，带to或不带to都可以。 Will you please help me (to) take this suitcase? 请你帮我提一下这个衣箱好吗？She often helps her mother (to) clean their house. 她经常帮助她妈妈打扫房子。 4)作定语．例如： I have some books for you to read． 注①作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词．例如： He is looking for a room to live in． There is nothing to worry about．
非谓语动词基本概念及用法 一、动词不定式to do 现在分词v-ing 过去分词v-ed Thinking about these examples: the bridge to be built 将建造的桥, the bridge being built 正在建造的桥,the bridge built已经建好的桥 二、谓语与非谓语的比较 非谓语动词是汉语中没有的语言现象。汉语中几个谓语动词连用而动词不用作任何形式的变化。如：他明天来拜访你。翻译成英语不是He will come visit you，而是He will come to visit you.这里就用了不定式to visit。因此同学们要特别注意弄清句子的结构。 例：Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend, up in no time. A. to stand B. standing C. stood D. would stand 分析：stood是与sat并列的谓语。 Exercise：找出“非谓语动词”，并判断作何成分 To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. It is not an easy thing to master a language. My suggestion is to start work at once. They found it impossible to get everything ready in time. Have you anything to declare? He bought a bicycle to go to town more quickly. Did you see anyone enter the house? He saw his father talking with his teacher. I once heard him sing this song. The boss made them work from morning till night. They were made to work from morning till night. The situation is encouraging. She looked disappointed. They lived in a room facing (= that faced) the south. The house standing (= that stands) at the corner of the street was built in 1955. Is this the book recommended by our teacher? The meeting held last week is very important. The meeting being held is very important. The meeting to be held next week is very important. Please tell me the subjects to be discussed at the next meeting. 被动 sth.
非谓语动词专项练习 1.The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success. A. to take place B. to be taken place C. to have taken place D. being taken place 2._______ by the Comrade Lei Feng, we try our best to do good deeds. A. Inspired B. Being inspired C. To be inspired D. Inspiring 3.It's no good _______ here. Let's go home. A. to wait B. waited C. waiting D. being waited 4.I listened to the wind, ______ that he would not come tonight. A. thinking B. to think C. thought D. being thinking 5.As a result of my laziness, I failed ________ my work in time. A. and finished B. to finish C. and finishing D. to finished 6.I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time. A. to have not B. to not have C. not to have D. not having 7.Tom apologized to me ______ again. A. to be late B. of being late C. to have been late D. for being late 8.I remained _______ long after I had been told the story. A. puzzling B. puzzled C. being puzzled D. to be puzzled 9.Will you lend him a magazine _________? A. to be read B. for reading C. to read D. he read 10.The article _________on this subject was written by Mr. Black. A. referring B. referred C. referring to D. referred to 11.Living near the sea, ___________________. A. we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight B. healthy air and beautiful sight is what we enjoy C. it is healthy air and beautiful sight we enjoy D. so we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight 12.__________ since the night before, I felt very hungry. A. Having not eaten anything B. Not eating anything C. I hadn't eaten anything D. Not having eaten anything 13.We then listened to the child ________ the article ______ on the blackboard. A. read, writing B. reading, writing C. to read, written D. read, written 14.________ it with me and I'll see what I can do. A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave 15._________ such a chance, why don't you have a try? A. To give B. Having C. Given D. Giving 16.We discussed the plan that we would like to see ________ the next week. A. carry on B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 17._________ made them much disappointed. A. His not coming back B. Not his coming back C. He not to come back D. Not he come back 18.Five people were reported ________ in the accident. A. to be killed B. to kill C. killed D. to have been killed 19.I flew to Paris this morning, my assistant ________ me there this Friday. A. joining B. to join C. will join D. wants to join 20.He tried to calm himself, _______ . A. force B. to force C. forcing D. forced 21.____________ , I went to the park with my uncle. A. As holiday B. Being no classes C. Since have no classes D. It being a holiday 22. "Do you mind _________?" "Go ahead." A. opening the door B. your opening the door C. my opening the door D. I opening the door 23. I have one or two things ____________. A. to look B. to see C. to see to D. to look to 24._________ is bad for his health. A. Mike smoking B. Mike's smoking C. Mike's being smoking D. Mike smokes 25.I came into the classroom, ______ my seat and sat down to read. A. finding B. to find C. found D. founded 26.I am tired and I don't feel like _____ any further. A. to walk B. to be walking C. walking D. walk 27.She did nothing but ________walk in the street. A. taking B. take C. to take D. took 28.It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now. A. to solve B. solving C. being solved D. to be solving 29.I ________ my handbag stolen last week. A. had B. let C. lost D. left 30.________ by a crowd of people, I felt nervous, ______ what to say. A. Watching, didn't know B. Having watched, and not knew C. Having been watch, not known D. Being watched, not knowing