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动词不定式语法专项

动词不定式语法专项
动词不定式语法专项

动词不定式的语法功能

动词不定式的语法功能 一、作宾语 1) 动词+ 不定式 afford. aim. appear. agree. arrange . ask . be . decide. bother . care . choose . come. dare. demand. desire. determine . expect. elect . endeavor .hope. fail . happen . help . hesitate .learn . long . mean. manage . offer . ought. plan . prepare. pretend . promise. refuse. seem. tend. wait . wish. undertake. 举例: The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。 I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。 2)动词+不定式;动词+宾语+不定式 ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish… I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。 I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你使每件东西都保持整洁。 I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。 I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。 3)动词+疑问词+ to decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。 There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机,我都拿不定主意买哪一种。 注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数。 The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。 4)以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语。 如: agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail ,help,hope,lean,long,manage,offer,pla n,prepare, pretend,promise,refuse,wish 等,这些词大部分可接th at引导的从句。如: I decided to ask for my money back. I decided that I would ask for my money back. When our visit to the farm was over,we expected to startback on foot. When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that wewould start back on foot. 5)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时,先用形式宾语it代替不定式,把不定式置于补语之后,即:主语+动词+it+补语+to do句式。如: We think it quite important for us to learn a foreignlanguage well. He feels it his duty to help the poor. 二、作补语 1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do) advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like

语法基础-动词不定式

【冲击2011年中考英语精品复习资料】语法基础-7 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词的形式 非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词,形容词或副词作用的动词形式,而不是作谓语的动词形式。动词的非谓语形式分为动名词,分词,动词不定式。 Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用) 爬山是一项好运动。 Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. (wearing ... 分词起形容词作用) 你认识那个穿白衬衣的人吗? He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch .... 不定式起副词作用) 他早早起床是为了赶上第一班汽车。 谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别:

1) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。 Miss Mary teaches us English. 玛丽教我们英语。(teaches 动词作谓语) Mr.Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week. 维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。(to have a talk.... 不定式作状语) 2) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制,而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。 Larke likes the pop music. 拉克喜欢流行音乐。(动词用单数第三人称形式) Larke has nothing to do today. 拉克今天没什么事要做。(do 用原形)

(完整版)高中英语语法动词不定式和动名词做宾语

巧记跟不定式和动名词做宾语的动词用法 语法体现语言的规律,学好英语离不开语法学习。其中,动词的用法是重点,也是难点。对于谓语动词和非谓语动词的用法,学生普遍感到困难。学生感到50多个动词,用法难以掌握,但调整了单词的排列顺序,根据汉意编写顺口溜会方便记忆: (一)跟不定时作宾语的动词有: 打算(intend)计划(plan)和期盼(expect/desire) 假装(pretend)喜欢(would like/love/prefer)表祝愿(wish) 决定(decide)同意(agree)来帮助(help) 设法(manage)说服(persuade)不拒绝(refuse) 好像(seem/appear)答应(promise)做努力(attempt) 选择(choose)询问(ask)多学习(learn) 告诉(tell)失败(fail)也付得起(afford) 不定式宾语要牢记! (二)跟动名词作宾语的动词有: 考虑(consider)完成(finish)多练习(practise) 避免(avoid)冒险(risk)求建议(suggest/recoomend) 面对(face)喜欢(enjoy/appreciate)和介意(mind) 允许(allow)承认(admit/permit)或放弃(give up/abandon) 推迟(put off/delay/postphone)逃避(escape)不原谅(excuse/pardon)提及(mention)坚持(keep/insist on)要想象(imagine/fancy) 还有词组feel like 和can’t stand! 瞧!,我们就这样快快乐乐地记住了吧! (三)在动词remember, try, regret, forget, need/want/require, stop, mean等后跟动名词V-和不定式意义不同,巧记一句话(记住努力;后悔忘记;需要停止;很有意义),学习采用对比法: remember to do something记着去做某事(现在还没有做) remember doing something记着曾做过某事(以前做过某事) try to do something努力、尽力做某事 try doing something试着做某事(看能否达到预期的结果) stop to do something开始做某事(停下正在做的事,开始做另一事) stop doing something停止做某事(停止正在做的事) regret to do something对将来做的事感到遗憾、惋惜 regret doing something对已经做过的事感到后悔

语法精讲及练习动词不定式

语法精讲及练习| 动词不定式 今天我们学习动词不定式的相关内容,一起来看! 小简老师已为大家备好电子打印版,文末附电子打印版免费领取方式,想要获取电子打印版请拉到文末。 1 概念引入 1. 动词不定式名言:(1)动词不定式作表语To lose is to learn. 失败就是学习。(2)动词不定式作主语It is better to give than to take. 给予比接受更好。(3)不定式作宾语Expect to be treated as you have treated others.你怎样待别人,就指望别人怎样待你。(4)不定式作宾补Adversity causes some men to break,others to break records.逆境使一些人崩溃,也使一些人破记录。(5)不定式作定语There is a time to talk and a time to act.该说的时候说,该做的时候做。(6)不定式作目的状语To find the exact answer,one must first ask the exact question.要找到确切的答案,首先必须提出确切的问题。 2. 动词不定式定义:动词不定式是一种非谓语形式(不能作谓语),基本形式是to do形式(to是不定式符号的标志,无意义,可以不翻译)肯定式:to + 动词原形否定式:not to + 动词原形 2 用法讲解 1.动词不定式的特征动词不定动式是一种非谓语动词形式,它没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分(主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语);动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,同时还保持动词的某些特点,既可以有自己的宾语和状语,动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。 2. 动词不定式在句子中的作用动词不定式是由to+动词原形构成,在句中起名词,形容词和副词的作用,可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。(1)动词不定式作主语。例如:To master a language is not an easy thing.掌握一门语言不是一件

考研语法深度分析(三)动词不定式

语法深度分析:动词不定式短语讲解 文章来源:跨考教育 1.动词不定式短语的结构: 动词不定式短语的主干是由 to + 动词原形构成,动词不定式短语内部的动词可以跟自己的宾语、状语、表语等成分。动词不定式短语整体上在句中起名词,形容词和副词的作用,可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。 2.动词不定式短语在句子中的作用 (1)动词不定式短语做主语: To master a language is not an easy thing. 掌握一门语言不是一件容易的事情。 It's my pleasure to help you. 帮助你是我的乐趣。 动词不定式做主语时可以放在后面,而用 it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。 It's necessary to find the witness. 有必要找到目击者。 (2)动词不定式短语作宾语: I like to help others as much as possible. 如果有可能的话,我喜欢帮助别人。 动词不定式短语作宾语补语:表示不定式的动作是由宾语发出。 We expect you to be with us. 我们希望你和我们在一起。 (3)动词+宾语+不带to的不定式作宾语补足语:感官动词:see, watch, notice, look at,hear;使役动词:make, let, have(使得),help(可带to, 也可不带to) The teacher has his students write a composition every other week. 老师让同学们每隔一周写一篇作文。 Many things【make people think artists are weird】. 很多事情使人们觉得艺术家们很奇怪。 (5)动词不定式短语作表语: The most urgent thing is to take legal measures immediately.当务之急是马上采取法律措施。 (6)动词不定式短语作定语: There are many ways to solve the problem. 有许多方法能解决这个问题。 (7)动词不定式短语作状语:经常表示目的。

英语语法之不定式及名词后加动词不定式

English语法之不定式及名词后加动词不定式 在English语法中,动词不定式是动词的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的形式。基本形式是to+动词原形,部分词和词组不带to也表达不定式。之所以叫做不定式,是因为动词不被限定、或者说不被词形变化所局限。不定式属于非谓语动词,即不能单独作谓语。但它毕竟是动词,所以有动词的属性,也可以理解此类动词形式为不定式状态的动词。动词不定式及其短语有自己的宾语、状语,虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语,但它表达的意义是动作,这一动作一定由使动者发出,这一使动者称之为逻辑主语。 动词不定式可以作多种句子成分。 在外语学习的课程中,"动不式"的一般现在时被称作“词典用词”,因为它一般被用作词典中该动词的词头。 对于英语来说接不定式的单词多为“打算”“计划”“希望”“将要”等表示未来的动词。同样与不定时表示不同的动词不定式表示正在进行,一般性或经常发生性的行为。 A.不带to的不定式有四种情况: 1、1、let, make, have等使役动词后。 例如: Let us go!出发 The boss made the child labors work the whole night.老板逼迫童工整夜 劳作 注意:这些情况在被动语态中,不可省to. 例如:The child labors were made to work the whole night. 2、would rather, had better后。

例如:You had better stay at home.你最好呆在家 3、w hy…/w hy not…后。 例如:Why not have a happy rest on Sunday? 不定式的否定式是not to do.. / never to do..,不带to的不定式的否定式是not do.../ never do.. 例如:His parents tell him never to drive after drinking.他的父母告诉他酒后严禁驾驶 4.感官动词see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find,notice等后作宾语补足语。 例如: I saw her dance.我看到她在舞 除以上四种情况之外,都不得省略to B. 动词不定式的复合结构 动词不定式的复合结构是“for sb. to do sth. / of sb. to do sth.” for / of引出不定式动作的逻辑主语。这种结构在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。不定式复合结构的介词用for还是of,主要决定于前面形容词的性质。一般说来,of前面的形容词是careful, clever, foolish, good, kind, nice, wise等,既说明人的特性,又说明不定式动作的特性。for前面的形容词是dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, heavy, important, interesting, necessary等,一般说明不定式动作的特性,不说明人的特性。 例如:

动词不定式用法归纳

动词不定式用法归纳 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外,动词不定式具有动词特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语,组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to+do;其否定形式是not to+do。 1.作主语 可以直接作主语。如:To see is to believe. 但在英语中,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如: It's wrong to play tricks on other people. It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.(Lesson10). 点击规律:动词不定式在句中作主语时,常放在It is+adj.(形容词)+to do sth.或It is+n.(名词)+to do sth.句型中,it仅作形式主语。 2.作宾语 a.以下动词只能to do作宾语。 attempt企图enable能够neglect忽视afford负担得起demand要求long渴望arrange安排mean意欲,打算begin开始expect期望appear似乎,显得determine决定manage设法cease停止hate憎恨,厌恶pretend假装ask 问need需要agree同意desire愿望love爱swear宣誓volunteer志愿wish 希望bear承受endeavor努力offer提供beg请求fail不能plan计划bother扰乱;烦恼forget忘记prefer喜欢,宁愿care关心,喜欢happen碰巧prepare准备decide决定learn学习regret抱歉,遗憾choose选择hesitate犹豫profess表明claim要求hope 希望promise承诺,允许start开始undertake承接want想要intend想要refuse拒

(完整版)语法精讲:be+动词不定式(用法9种)

be+不定式动词 be+不定式动词”在不同情况下,可以表示很多种不同的语义。下面便是其中九种: 一、表示坚决的命令。例如: 1. This naughty boy is to stay here until the class is over. 2. No one is to enter this building without the permission of the security guard. 二、表示计划”或安排的事项”例如: 3. Betty is to be married soon. 4. An in sura nee age nt is to meet us this after noon. 三、表示可能性”例如: 5. Are you to pay the debt for your wife? 6. The lovely puppy is no where to be found. 四、表示意图”或打算”例如: 7. If you are to be there on time, you had better hurry. 8. If all of us are to rema in frie ndly, we must be sin cere with one ano ther. 五、表示应该”例如: 9. You have done so well. You are to be rewarded. 10. Such n asty questi ons are to be avoided. 六、表示不可避免”例如: 11. Anne was won deri ng what was to become of her boy frie nd. Tommy. 12. The murderer was senten ced to life impris onment and was n ever to see his family aga in. 七、表示假设”例如: 13. If I were to do it, I would do it well. 14. Even if you were to take a taxi now, you would not be able to arrive at your destination on time. 八、有期待将来”的含意。例如: 15. The actual usef uln ess of the n ewly inven ted equipme nt is still to be

动词不定式的用法

动词不定式的用法 概念: 动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。这里的to 是不定式标志,没有词义。不定式具有名词、 形容词或副词的某些语法功能,又有动词的 时态和语态的特点及作用。可以做主语、宾 语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语。 一、作主语动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语 动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种: (1) 把不定式置于句首。如: To get there by bike will take us half an hour. (2) 用it 作形式主语,把真正的主语不定 式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。如:

① It + be + 名词+ to do It's our duty to take good care of the old. ② It takes sb+some time+to do How long did it take you to finish the work? ③ It + be + 形谷词+ b + to do It is difficult for us to finish for swriting the composition in a quarter of an hour. 在句型③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词, 如: easy, difficult, hard, possible, impossible, necessary, better; the first, the next, too much, too little, not enough ④ It + be +形容词+ of sb + to do It is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays. 在句型④中,常用 careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,la zy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise rude, clever, important, comfortable, the last, the best

不定式的句法功能归纳

不定式的句法功能归纳 非谓语动词之不定式 非谓语动词及可以做的句法成分一览表: 动词不定式复心中应注意的几个问题 不定式虽然不能做谓语,但保留着动词的特征,可带有自己的宾语和状语,从而形成不定式短语。不定式短语具有名词、形容词及副词的性质,可做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、同位语、定语及状语等句子成分。 一、做主语 (1)英语中,不定式短语可放在句首充当句子的主语。如: To learn English well is very important. 学好英语很重要。 (2)但为了使句子平衡,常用it做形式主语放在句首,而将真正的主语——不定式放到句末,特别是在疑问句及感叹句中必须采用这种方式。如: It is very important to learn English well. 学好英语很重要。 Is it necessary to bring an umbrella today? 今天带雨伞有必要吗? (3)不定式做主语时,不能有单独的名词或代词做逻辑主语,而应用for sb. /of sb. 做它的逻辑主语,当不定式表示对逻辑主语的利害关系时,用for sb;当不定式用来对逻辑主语表示赞美或责备时,用of sb。如: It is not good for your eye to read in the sun. 在阳光下看对你的眼睛不好。 It is very kind of you to help us. 你来帮助我们,真是太好了。 二、做宾语 (1)在英语中,不定式可用来做宾语。如: He agrees to go with us. 他同意跟我们一起去。 I want to buy a Chinese-English dictionary. 我想买一本汉英词典。 (2)不定式做宾语时须注意: A.不定式并不是可做任何及物动词的宾语。能接不定式做宾语的动词有:afford, agree, arrange, ask, attempt, begin, care, choose, continue, dare, decide, desire, demand, determine, elect, expect, fail, hate, hesitate, hope, intend, know, learn, like, long, love, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, promise, pretend, prefer, refuse, require, start, try, wait, want, wish, wonder. 如:

英语语法专项:动词不定式用法归纳及练习答案

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 英语语法专项:动词不定式用法归纳及练习答案 动词不定式用法归纳动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语。 但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。 另外,动词不定式具有动词特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语,组成动词不定式短语。 动词不定式的肯定形式是 to+do;其否定形式是 not to+do。 1.作主语可以直接作主语。 如: To see is to believe.但在英语中,常用 it 作形式主语,真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。 如: It's wrong to play tricks on other people. It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.(Lesson 10).点击规律:动词不定式在句中作主语时,常放在 It is +adj.(形容词)+to do sth.或 It is + n.(名词)+to do sth.句型中,it 仅作形式主语。 2.作宾语 a.以下动词只能 to do 作宾语。 attempt 企图 enable 能够 neglect 忽视 afford 负担得起demand 要求 long 渴望 arrange 安排 mean 意欲,打算 begin 开始 expect 期望 appear 似乎,显得 determine 决定 manage 设法 cease 停止 hate 憎恨,厌恶 pretend 假装 ask 问 need 需要 1/ 7

初中语法-动词不定式和动名词

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