Book6 Unit4 Global warming 导学案
（Period One: Reading）
课前案
Skim the text and finish the following information.
1.What’s the main topic of the passage?
The main topic of the passage is about .
2.Who wrote the magazine article? What is the name of the magazine?
wrote the magazine article; the name of the magazine is .
3.What are the names of the three scientists mentioned in the article?
The names of the three scientists mentioned in the article are , , and .
Do they agree with one another? .
4.The passage can be divided into three sections, match them with the main idea of each section.
Part1.(1) A. How global warming comes about
Part2. (2-5) B. List two different attitudes towards global warming
Part3. (6) C. Introduction of global warming
Part4. (7) D. Whether people should do something about global warming
课中案
学习目标:
1.To learn some important words and phrases about global warming.
2.To develop the reading skills by skimming and scanning the passage.
3.To strengthen the awareness of environment protection .
Step 1 Fast reading
Read the text quickly and choose the best answers.
1. How much did the temperature rise in the 1900s?
A．One degree Fahrenheit. B．One Celsius.
C．Two degrees. D．Thirty degrees Celsius.
2.What causes the earth’s temperature increasing?
A. Cutting trees
B. Wasting the farmland.
C. Running out of the river water
D. Burning fossil fuels.
3.Which of the following is Dr. Janice F oster’s opinion?
A. The result of the temperature increase will be serious.
B. The amount of warming is nothing serious.
C. We needn’t worry about high levels of carbon dioxide.
D. Global warming is a natural phenomenon.
4.According to George Hambley, .
A. Global warming is a serious problem.
B. There is no need to worry about global warming.
C. The levels of CO2 in the air will become lower in the future.
D. More animals will make greenhouse gases decrease.
5. We can infer from the text that __________.
A. the debate about the effects of global warming has not been settled.
B. the greenhouse effect is the result of people’s actions.
C. all scientists think it is important to reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere.
D. reducing greenhouse gases will immediately decrease the earth’s temperature.
Step2 Careful reading Read Para.2 to Para.6 and fill in the blanks.
(Para.2-Para.3)
The reasons for global warming
(Para.4-Para.5)
The levels of carbon dioxide have increased greatly over the last . According to Dr.Charles Keeling, from to , the amount in the atmosphere went up from around parts to around parts per million
Dr.Janice Foster believes over the next century ,the amount of warming could be as low
as degrees Celsius, but it could also be as high as degrees.
(Para.6)
Step3 Further reading True or False
（）1.The temperature in the last century seemed to increase much.
（）2. Everyone believes that global warming is caused by the activities of humans.
（）3. The rise in carbon dioxide is causing a steady increase in global warming.
（）4. George Hambley believes that global warming will do good rather than harm to the earth. （）5. It is clear what the effects of global warming will be.
Step 4 Fill in the blanks to retell the passage.
The temperature of the earth 1 (rise) about one degree during the 20th century. How has this come 2 ? All scientists subscribe 3 the view that it is human activity 4 has caused the 5 (globe) warming rather 6 a random but natural phenomenon. Some scientists think we add large 7 (quantity) of carbon dioxide to the air. Some scientists believe the burning of more and more fossil fuels 8 (have) resulted in the increase of carbon dioxide. Greenhouse gases continue to build 9 . It may be a catastrophe but George 10 (state) that it is a positive thing.
Step 5 Free talk — a short speech 能力提升
Between the two opinions ,decide on one to have a discussion in you group and then choose a speaker to give a speech on behalf of your group. The following information may help you.
课后案
I.课外延伸阅读Further reading about global Warming
Global warming is the unusually rapid increase in Earth’s average surface temperature over the past century primarily due to the greenhouse gases released as people burn fossil fuels. The global average surface temperature rose 0.6 to 0.9 degrees Celsius (1.1 to 1.6° F) between 1906 and 2005, and the rate of temperature increase has nearly doubled in the last 50 years. Temperatures are certain to go up further.
Earth’s natural greenhouse effect Earth’s tempe rature begins with the Sun. Roughly 30 percent of incoming sunlight is reflected back into space by bright surfaces like clouds and ice. Of the remaining 70 percent, most is absorbed by the land and ocean, and the rest is absorbed by the atmosphere. The absorbed solar energy heats our planet. As the rocks, the air, and the seas warm, they radiate “heat” energy (thermal infrared radiation). From the surface, this energy travels into the atmosphere where much of it is absorbed by water vapor and long-lived greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane. When they absorb the energy radiating from Earth’s surface, microscopic water or greenhouse gas molecules turn into tiny heaters— like the bricks in a fireplace, they radiate heat even after the fire goes out. They radiate in all directions. The energy that radiates back toward Earth heats both the lower atmosphere and the surface, enhancing the heating they get from direct sunlight. This absorption and radiation of heat by the atmosphere—the natural greenhouse effect—is beneficial for life on Earth. If there were no greenhouse effect, the Earth’s average surface temperature would be a very chilly -18°C (0°F) instead of the comfortable 15°C (59°F) that it is today.
What has scientists concerned now is that over the past 250 years, humans have been artificially raising the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere at an ever-increasing rate, mostly by burning fossil fuels, but also from cutting down carbon-absorbing forests. Since the Industrial Revolution began in about 1750, carbon dioxide levels have increased nearly 38 percent as of 2009 and methane levels have increased 148 percent.
II.拓展提高书面表达
如何解决全球变暖是我们全人类共同面临的一个难题。为了提高学生的环保意识，我们学校将
举行一场主题为“保护环境从我做起”的交流会。请你写一篇英语短文向同学们介绍你在生活中
的环保心得。
要求：1.语言连贯，行文流畅；2.字数：100词左右
选修6 Unit 1 Art-Reading A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values graduallv replaced those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess t heir own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the roles of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal. from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.
Unit1 课内练习答案（P3Ex.1） P3Ex.3 1F2T3T4T5T6T P4Ex.1 1superb2aim3ridiculous4faith5evident 6conventional7gallery8abstract9technique10sculpture P4Ex.2 possess a great deal By coincidence adopt attempted On the other hand predict 详解： 翻译：《这些作品是凡高的真迹吗？》最受欢迎的艺术风格在西方国家就是印象派，许多人想拥有一幅印象派作品并且不惜花巨资去买一幅，巧合的事是，一些采用印象派画法的画家也可以画出不为人知的“杰作”，有一位画家，奥托?沃森，用凡高的风格作画并且迅速赚了很多钱，许多评论家都觉得它是凡高的真迹，一方面，一些评论家发现了，另一方面，一些评论家好奇是否有许多“杰作”被挂在画廊上，一位膜拜凡高作品的人说：“如果这种杰作的数量超过200，我也不会惊奇.”于是有人预言下一幅“杰作”在什么地方什么地点会被发现？ P5Ex.2 1W2F3W4F 5.If he had right to choose his holiday,he would go to Mexico. 6.If I were not allergic to shellfish,I would enjoy eating them. 7.If the marble statue were not big for her garden,the housewife would
8.If we knew more about the disease,we would be able to treat the patients very effectively. P5Ex.3 1were would make2were would be3were would be 4could would paint5were would help6could take 7knew would send8could9were would be 10would come could P7Ex.2
Unit 1 I词汇及结构 1. would rather do sth情愿做…. would rather sb did sth情愿sb做… 情愿做….而不愿意做…：would rather do sth than do sth= would do sth rather than do sth = prefer to do sth rather than do sth = prefer doing sth to doing sth 2.faith n. 信任,信仰keep faith with 忠于信仰; 守信 have faith in 相信, 信任 in good faith 老实地；诚恳地faithful adj. 忠诚的，可靠的 3.As there are so many different styles of Western art , it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text． so+adj+a(an)+(单数可数) (+that…) so many/few +n (复数) (+ that…) so much/little (不可数) (+that…) such+adj.+n.(不可数)/ n (复数) 4.consequently adv. 所以，因此 Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently, he knows very little about it. 福斯特先生从未去过中国, 所以对中国了解得很少。 consequent adj. 作为结果的,随之发生的 consequence n. 结果
Module 6 Unit 4 1. There are many such organizations under _______ of the government ______ are ______ of the poor people across the world. A. the umbrella; as; for the purpose B. the charge; that; for the purpose C. the charge; as; to the purpose D. the umbrella; that; to the purpose 2. A Goodwill Ambassador’s visits to countries ________ the UN has program mes to help people will encourage people working on the projects and _______ local people’s attention to the situation. A. in which; to draw B. in which; drawing C. where; draw D. where; drew 3. The girl ______ forward to buying a new gold watch. A. referred to look B. refers to looking C. referred to looks D. referring to look 4. It is required that the students _______ mobile phones in their school, so seldom ______ them using one. A. s houldn’t use; you will see B. not use; will you see C. don’t use; will you see D. shan’t use; you will see 5. _____ in experience, she didn’t manage to pass the interview. A. Lack B. For lack of C. Lack of D. Lacking 6. We need ____ knowledge. We also need skills on how to use knowledge in reality. A. no more than B. more than C. less than D. not more than 7. It has been ______ cold this week .He went three ____ to see his grandma yesterday. A. specially; especially B. especially; specially C. specially; specially D. especially; especially 8. Children are not ________ of the fact that life is hard for their parents to send them to school. A. known B. awake C. idea D. aware 9. But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing Competition. A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 10. They demanded that the books __________ to the school library at once. A. return B. should return C. be returned D. would be returned 11. _____ not to miss the flight at 18:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded 12. The doctor that will _________ him is attempting to _________ the facilities/equipment for operation. A. operate on; operate on B. operate; operate C. operate on; operate D. operate; operate on 13. Chinese people _______ the largest percentage of the population of Macao. A. add up B. make up C. set up D. hold up 14. ________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As 15. When you come across a new word, you can _________ the dictionary. Which is NOT true A. look up B. refer to C. turn to D. look it up in 16. I have kept that picture __ I can see it every day as it always reminds me of my university days in London. A. in which B. where C. whether D. when 17. It is agreed that constant arguing doesn’t _____ a happy marriage. A. make out B. make for C. make up D. make up for 18. My former boss ________ us ________ a new company. A. helped; in setting up B. assisted; in setting up C. assisted; into setting up D. helped; into setting up 19. ---- We ________ to have you here tonight. --- Thank you and it is ______ for me to be invited. A. honour; honourable B. honour; an honour C. are honoured; honourable D. are honoured; an honour 20. China's National Earthquake Disaster Emergency Rescue Team to Haiti _____ 60 search and rescue personnel and three sniffer dogs. A. makes up of B. consists of C. made up of D. consisting of 21. --- Do you really want to go out --- It may rain. _________, I shall go out; I don’t mind the
高中英语选修6 Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artistof this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance(15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they coule decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence,oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new
人教版高中英语必修6内容全解 话题素材——艺术 好词 n. 欣赏 n. 灵感；启发 adj. 栩栩如生的；鲜艳的 n. 著作；作品 adj. 典型的；有代表性的 exhibition 在展示中 of beauty 美感 of art 艺术作品 the influence of 受……的影响 away (from) 脱离；放弃 one's life 丰富某人的生活
sale 待售 one's talent for... 展现对……的天赋 one's character 塑造某人的品格 画廊；美术馆 佳句 his paintings and his passion for art have_given_me_endless_inspiration. 他的画作和他对艺术的热爱都给了我无尽的灵感。 exhibition gives local artists an_opportunity_to_display_their_works. 这次展览为当地艺术家提供了展示自己作品的机会。 art, there are so many great artists that_I_just_admire. 关于艺术，有那么多我崇拜的艺术家。 [精美语篇] Dear John， I have good news to tell you. A famous Shaoxing Opera, Butter fly Lovers, will be put on in Tianjin Grand Theater at 2：00 p．m. on August the fifth. I know you take a great fancy to Chinese culture, especially the local operas. I hope this opportunity will not only make you happy, but also satisfy your interest in Chinese operas. If you can come, I suggest we have a look at the Museum of the Traditional Opera near the theater after the performance. There, I believe, you can know the history of many Chinese operas, which can increase your knowledge about Chinese culture. Looking forward to your reply.
Period 2: FUNCTION—Talking about obligation or lack of obligation Objectives To learn to talking about obligation or lack of obligation ●Procedures ▇ Warming up by learning about what is obligation Hello, class. We shall learn to talk about “obligation” or lack of “obligation”. But first what is “obligation” ? It is a noun, meaning 1. A moral or legal duty or tie. 2. The binding power of such a duty or tie. 3. A debt of gratitude for a service. Example: be under obligation to her If you have not signed a contract, you are under no obligation to (= it is not necessary to) pay them any money. You have a legal obligation to (= The law says you must) ensure your child receives a proper education. I haven't got time to do his work for him - I've got too many obligations as it is. A tender conscience is a stronger obligation than a prison. Every man has obligations which belong to his station. Duties extend beyond obligation, and direct the affections, desires, and intentions, as well as the actions. ■Ta lking about obligation or lack of obligation ◆100% necessity: You must leave straight away. You have [got] to leave straight away. must v. have [got] to
外研社高中英语选修6单词表 Module 1 small talk 闲谈，聊天(SH6 M1 P1) informal adj. 非正式的(SH6 M1 P1) serious adj. 严肃的(SH6 M1 P1) confidently adv. 自信地(SH6 M1 P2) make friends 交朋友，建立友谊(SH6 M1 P2) lack v. 缺乏，缺少(SH6 M1 P2) (be) nervous about 对……神经紧张/害怕/胆怯/焦虑不安(SH6 M1 P2) advance adj. 预先的，在前的(SH6 M1 P2) think of 想起，回忆起(SH6 M1 P2) nod v. 点头(SH6 M1 P2) body language 身体语言，肢体语言(SH6 M1 P2) yawn v. 打呵欠(SH6 M1 P3) sigh v. 叹气，叹息(SH6 M1 P3) look away from 把目光从……移开(SH6 M1 P3) social rules 社交规则(SH6 M1 P3) in addition 除此之外，另外(SH6 M1 P3) find out 了解（到）；找出（信息）(SH6 M1 P3) opportunity n. 机会(SH6 M1 P3) obligation n. 责任；义务(SH6 M1 P4) prize n. 奖品，奖金(SH6 M1 P5) application n. 申请(SH6 M1 P5) form n. 表格(SH6 M1 P5) immigration n. 移民(SH6 M1 P5) visa n. 签证(SH6 M1 P5) impolite adj. 不礼貌的(SH6 M1 P6) tidy v. 使……整洁，整理(SH6 M1 P6) refund n. 退款(SH6 M1 P7) favour n. 恩惠，照顾(SH6 M1 P7) reception n. 欢迎会；招待会(SH6 M1 P7) embassy n. 使馆(SH6 M1 P7) certain pron. 某些(SH6 M1 P7) reply n. 回答，答复，回信(SH6 M1 P7) saleswoman n. 女推销员，女销售员(SH6 M1 P8) firm n. 公司(SH6 M1 P8) fax n. 传真（机）(SH6 M1 P8) outspoken adj. 直言不讳的，坦率的，不客气的(SH6 M1 P8) human being 人类(SH6 M1 P8) motto n. 座右铭，格言(SH6 M1 P8) put one’s foot in one’s mouth 犯使人难堪的错误，说错话(SH6 M1 P8) shortcoming n. 缺点，短处(SH6 M1 P8) absence n. 缺乏，不存在(SH6 M1 P8)
高二英语选修模块六测试试卷 第一部分 I. 单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. -I feel like _______ to pop music. - ___________. A. to listen; So do I C. listening; So do I B. listening; So I do D. to listen; So I do 2. - What does NPC_______ ? -National People's Congress, which makes and changes laws. A. take for B. ask for C. call for D. stand for 3. It was ______ given a gift at the party. A. they who were each B. them who each were C. they who each was D. them who each. was 4. ________ ice on the road, I told the driver to slow down. A. There was B. There to be C. There being D. Being 5. When he left，he _______ a dark suit. A. had on B. dressed C. in D. was dressing 6. Mark often attempts to escape _______ whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A. having been fined B. to have been fined C. to be fined D. being fined 7. _________ you keep on trying v I don't really mind whether you can come. top in your class. A. So long as B. As soon as C. Once D. The moment 8. He _______ the terrible traffic jam on the way there, so he had to cancel his appointment with the general manager.
选修6 Unit 1 Art 核心单词 1. faith n. 信任；信念；信心 常用结构： break one’s faith with sb. 对某人不守信用 keep faith with sb. 守信于某人 lose faith in 不再信任 have faith in 相信; 信任 in good/bad faith 真心诚意/虚情假意 After repeated failure, he lost faith in himself.不断的失败之后，他对自己失去了信心。 Faith can remove mountains. 信仰能移山。 Never break faith, or you will lose all your friends. 不要背信弃义，否则你将失去所有的朋友。 2. aim n. 目标；目的 vi.&vt. 瞄准；（向某方向）努力 What is your aim in life?你生活的目标是什么? 常用结构： take aim (at) 瞄准…… aim at 向……瞄准；旨在，针对 aim high 胸怀大志;心气很高 He aimed the gun at the enemy officer.他用枪瞄准了敌人的军官。 Our factory must aim at developing new models of machines.我们的工厂必须致力于研制新型机械。 3. consequently adv.&conj. 所以，因而(=therefore) Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently he knows very little about it. 福斯特先生从未去过中国，所以对中国了解得很少。 联想拓展 be consequent on/upon 因……引起的； consequence n. 后果；结果；重要性 be of consequence 重要的 as a consequence=as a result 结果 in consequence 由于 as a consequence of=as a result of作为……的结果 in consequence of 由于；作为……的结果 He is a man of great consequence. 他是一个重要的人物。 4. possession n. （尤作复数）所有；财产 常用结构： in possession of sth.拥有/占有某物 in the possession of/in one’s possession 被……拥有 take/gain/get/have possession of sth.拥有某物 When his father died, he came into possession of a large fortune. 父亲死后，他拥有了一大笔遗产。 The people had to gather up their few possessions and escape from the hills. 人们不得不收拾仅有的财产，逃下山去。联想拓展 possess vt. 拥有；具有；支配 5. concentrate
必修五·· Unit 1 characteristic n. 特征；特性radium n. 镭 painter n. 画家；油漆匠 *put forward 提出 scientific adj. 科学的 *conclude v.结束 conclusion n.结论 *draw a conclusion得出结论analyse v.分析 &infect v.传染 &infections v.传染的 &cholera adj.霍乱 *defeat v. 打败 expert adj.熟练的 *attend v.照顾 physician n.医生 *exposev.暴露 *expose...to使显露 deadly adj.致命的 *cure n.治愈 outbreak n.爆发 *challage n.挑战 victim n.受害者 absorb v.吸收 *suspect v.怀疑 enquiry n.询问neighbourhood n.附近 severe adj.严重的 &clue n.线索
pump n.泵 &Cambridge Street剑桥大街 foresee v.预见 &investigate v.调查 &investigation n.调查 *blame v.责备 *pollute v.污染 *handle n.柄 &germ n.微生物 *linkv.连接 *link...to... 将…和…联系或连接起来*announce n.宣布 &certainty n.确信 instruct v.命令 &responsible adj.有责任的 construct v.建设 construction n.建设 *contribute v.捐献 *apart from 除……之外 firework n.烟火 chart n.图表 &creative adj.有创造力的 &co-operative adj.合作的 positive adj.积极的 *(be) strict with...对……严格的 &Nicolaus Copernicus尼古拉.哥白尼 &revolutionary adj.革命的 movement n.移动 *make sense讲得通 backward adj.向后的 &loop n.圈 &privately adv.私下的 *spin v.（使）旋转 &brightness n.明亮 enthusiastic adj.热情的 cautious adj.小心的 *reject v.拒绝
人教版高中英语选修六单词表Unit 1 realistic [英][?ri:??l?st?k] adj. 现实主义的；逼真的；现实的 abstract ['?bstr?kt]adj. 抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要sculpture [英]['sk?lpt??(r)] n. 雕塑 sculptor[英]['sk?lpt?(r)]n. 雕刻家；雕塑家gallery [英]['ɡ?l?r?]n. 美术陈列室；画廊 faith [英][fe?θ]n. 信任；信心；信念 faithfully [英][?fe?θf?li]adv. 忠实地consequently [英][?k?nsikw?ntli]adv. 所以；因而? aim[英][e?m]n. 目标；目的 vi. & vt. 瞄准；（向某方向）努力conventional [英][k?n'ven??nl]adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 typical [英][?t?p?kl]adj. 典型的；有代表性的evident [英][?ev?d?nt]adj. 明显的；明白的renaissance[英][ri?neisns]n. 新生；复兴；复活adopt[英][?'d?pt] vt. 采用；采纳；收养humanistic [英][?hju:m?'n?st?k]adj. 人道主义的possess [英][p?'zes]vt. 拥有；具有；支配possession [英][p?'ze?n]n. （尤作复数）所有；财产 , superb[?sju:?p?:b]adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的perspective[英][p?'spekt?v]n. 透视画法；透视图；观点 technique [英][tek?ni:k] n. 技术；方法；技能coincidence [英][k????ns?d?ns]n. 巧合（的事）；by coincidence [英][bai k?u?insid?ns]巧合地masterpiece [英][?mɑ:st?pi:s]n. 杰作；名著impressionism[英][?m'pre??n?z?m]n. 印象主义；印象派 impressionist[英][?m?pre??n?st]adj. 印象派的 n. 印象派艺术家 post-impressionist[英][p??st ?m?pre??n?st]adj. 后印象派的n. 后印象派艺术家 % a great deal[英][?ɡreit di:l]大量 shadow [英]['??d??]n. 阴影；影子ridiculous [英][r??d?kj?l?s]adj. 荒谬的；可笑的controversial[?k?ntr??v?:??l]adj. 争论的；争议的attempt [英][?'tempt]n. 努力；尝试；企图 vt. 尝试；企图 on the other hand（可是）另一方面 predict [英][pr?'d?kt] vt. 预言；预告；预测landscape [英]['l?ndske?p]n. 风景；景色specific[英][sp??s?f?k]adj. 确切的；特定的 ￥ figure [英][?fiɡ?]n. 画像；身材；数字 clay [英][kle?]n. 黏土 critic [英]['kr?t?k]n. 评论家；批评者 bronze [br?nz]n. 青铜；青铜色；青铜制艺术品marble [英]['mɑ:bl]n. 大理石 carve [英][kɑ:v]vt. 雕刻；刻记 delicate [英]['del?k?t]adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的 canvas [英][?k?nv?s] n. 帆布；画布 café[英]['k?fe?]n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 allergic [??l?:d??k]adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的】 effectively[英][??fekt?vli]adv. 有效地 exhibition [英][?eks??b??n] n. 展览；陈列；展览会aggressive[英][??gres?v]adj. 敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的 scholar [英]['sk?l?(r)]n. 学者 flesh [英][fle?] n. 肉；肌肉；肉体 in the flesh [英][in e? fle?]活着的；本人geometry [英][d??'?m?tr?]n. 几何学 bunch [英][b?nt?]n. 束；串 avenue [英]['?v?nju:]n. 林荫道；道路；大街preference [英][?prefr?ns]n. 喜爱；偏爱 - display[英][d??sple?]vt. 展示；陈列；显露appeal [英][?'pi:l]vi. 有感染力；呼吁；求助 vt. 将……上诉n. 呼吁；恳求 appeal to[英][??pi:l tu:][美][??pil tu]（对某人）有吸引力；（使某人）感兴趣；呼吁 fragile ['fr?d?a?l]adj. 精细的；易碎的；脆弱的circular[?s?:kj?l?(r)]adj. 圆形的；环形的；循环的metropolitan [英][?metr??p?l?t?n] adj. 主要都市的；大城市的 reputation [英][?repju?te??n]n. 名声；名誉civilization [英][?s?v?la?'ze??n]n. 文明；文化；文明社会 visual [英]['v????l] adj. 视觉的；看得见的