当前位置:文档之家› (英语)高三英语翻译技巧 阅读训练策略及练习题(含答案)及解析

(英语)高三英语翻译技巧 阅读训练策略及练习题(含答案)及解析

(英语)高三英语翻译技巧 阅读训练策略及练习题(含答案)及解析
(英语)高三英语翻译技巧 阅读训练策略及练习题(含答案)及解析

(英语)高三英语翻译技巧阅读训练策略及练习题(含答案)及解析

一、高中英语翻译

1.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.她五年前开始拉小提琴。(play)

2.由于天气恶劣,航班延误了好几个小时。(owing)

3.每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。(stand)

4.能否抵御网络游戏的诱惑是摆在中学生面前的一道难题。(It)

5.在展览会上,公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。(demonstrate)

【答案】

1.She began to play the violin five years ago.

2.Owing to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.

3.Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time.

4.It is a difficult problem for high school students whether they can resist the temptation of online games.

5.At the exhibition, the company’s sales manager demonstrated the new type of electronic toys (which/that) children were looking forward to.

【解析】

1.根据“五年前”确实时态,可知用一般过去时,注意短语play the violin。

【考点定位】考查动词时态、习语及表达能力。

2.根据提示词可知,由于译为:owing to ,此处to是介词。注意用被动语态,因为航班被推迟。

【考点定位】考查介词短语及被动语态。

3.此句希望(hope)是谓语动词,后接宾语从句。时态用一般现在时。

【考点定位】考查宾语从句及时态。

4.此句it是形式主语,whether引导主语从句,时态一般现在时。短语:抵御诱惑resist the temptation。

【考点定位】考查主语从句及形式主语it的用法。

5.注意句子结构的安排,“孩子们翘首以盼的”应译为定语从句。时态用一般过去时。

【考点定位】考查定语从句及相关短语的表达。

2.高中英语翻译题:Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.晚上别喝太多的咖啡,会睡不着觉的。(or)

2.事实证明,保持快乐的心态会降低得心脏病的风险。(It)

3.乐观的人不会过分怀念美好的旧时光,因为他们正忙着创造新的回忆。(create)4.追求稳定并不是什么坏事,很多时候这样的态度在促使我们提升自我、挑战难度、攀登高峰。(when)

【答案】

1.Don’t drink too much coffee at night, or you won’t be able to sleep.

2. It is proved that keeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases. 3.Optimistic people don’t miss the good old days too much, because they are busy creating new memories.

4. The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing. (and) There are many times when such an attitude drives us to improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查翻译,用括号所给的词将中文翻译成英文。翻译要注意句子的时态和语法的运用。

1.考查祈使句。祈使句 + and/or,前面的祈使句表示条件,or或and引导的分句表示结果这里表示转折关系,故用or。故答案为Don’t drink too much coffee at night, or you won’t be able to sleep.

2.考查名词性从句。翻译时句中用it作形式主语,真正的主语为从句thatkeeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases.,从句翻译时要注意动名词作主语。故答案为It is proved that keeping a happy mind reduces the risk of heart diseases.

3.考查动词。翻译时注意短语be busy doing忙于做……,时态用一般现在时。故答案为Optimistic people don’t miss the good old days too much, because they are busy creating new memories.

4.考查定语从句。先行词为times,在定语从句中作时间状语,故用关系副词when引导。故答案为The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing. (and) There are many times when such an attitude drives us to improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks.

3.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.一股诱人的味道唤起了我们遥远的记忆。(remind)

________________________

2.每个人应当牢记:己所不欲,勿施于人。(mind)

________________________

3.他如此醉心于古文化研究,这几年一直以健康为代价坚持工作着。(So)

________________________

4.不久之后,地铁5号线奉贤段即将通车,这让翘首以盼的奉贤人民激动不已。(before) ________________________

【答案】

1. An inviting smell reminds us of the distant memories.

2. Everyone should bear/keep in mind that we should treat people the way (in which/that) we want to be treated.

3. So absorbed/devoted is he in/to the study of ancient cultures that he has

persevered/perseveres in working at the cost of his health these years.

4.It won’t be long before the Underground/Subway/Metro Line 5 in Fengxian is open to traffic, which excites the Fengxian people who have been looking/are looking forward to it. 【解析】

1.固定词组:remind sb. of sth.“提醒某人某物”,再结合所给汉语可知答案为An inviting smell reminds us of the distant memories.

2.固定词组:bear/keep in mind“记住”,后面是that引导的宾语从句,且从句中包含the way作先行词的定语从句,再根据所给汉语可知答案为Everyone should bear/keep in mind that we should treat people the way (in which/that) we want to be treated.

3.句中so…that引导的结果状语从句,“so+形容词”位于句子开头,则主句用部分倒装,再根据所给汉语可知答案为So absorbed/devoted is he in/to the study of ancient cultures that he has persevered/perseveres in working at the cost of his health these years.

4.句中使用固定句式It won’t be long before---“不久之后就……”,再根据所给汉语可知答案为It won’t be long before the Underground/Subway/Metro Line 5 in Fengxian is open to traffic, which excites the Fengxian people who have been looking/are looking forward to it.

【点睛】

浅谈两点部分倒装

1.“so+形容词或副词”位于句首时的倒装:

副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时,其后用部分倒装:

如:So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷,我们只好呆在家里。2.“So+助动词+主语”倒装:

当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者,通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构:

如:You are young and so am I. 你年轻,我也年轻。

注:(1)若前面提出某一否定的情况,要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况,则应将其中的so 改为neither或nor:

如:You aren't young and neither am I. 你不年轻,我也不年轻。

(2)注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别:

如:"It was cold yesterday." "So it was."“昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。”

4.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.今年除夕你计划在哪里过?(plan)

2.下雨天上海的道路总是比平时更拥堵。(than)

3.是一个外国人不顾自己的安危救了那个轻生的男子。(It)

4.那天傍晚我一走出校门就遇到了一个多年不见的小学同班同学。(No sooner)

5.无论谁想要成功必先明白这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”。(Whoever)

1.Where are you planning to celebrate t he New Year’s Eve this year?

2.Roads in Shanghai always get/become more crowded /hold up more traffic than usual on rainy days.

3.It was a foreigner that/who saved the man trying/who tried to kill himself/ commit suicide without considering his own safety.

4.No sooner had I left the school that early evening than I met with/bumped into/came across/encountered a classmate of mine in primary school (whom) I hadn’t seen for ages/years. 5.Whoever wants to be successful should first understand the principle that success comes from hard effort/work and persistence/perseverance.

【解析】

1.本题提示词为plan,除夕翻译为“New Year’s Eve”。

2.本题考查比较级,“比平时”翻译为“than usual”.

3.本题考查强调句、定语从句和非谓语的翻译。首先强调句结构“it is(was)…that/who” ;那个轻生的男子,需要处理为定语从句,翻译为“the man who tried to kill himself/ com mit suicide”; 不顾“without considering”.

4.倒装句和定语从句的翻译。一…就“No sooner had sb.done sth.than sb.did sth.”; 多年不见的小学同学可以处理成定语从句,翻译为“(whom) I hadn’t seen for ages/years.”;5.本题考查主语从句和同位语的翻译,句子结构比较复杂。首先“无论谁想要成功”用主语从句“Whoever wants to be successful”。其次,“这个道理“成功来自艰苦的付出和坚持不懈”这半句话涉及使用同位语从句。理清关系后,本句也并没有想象中那么复杂。

5.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.他曾在当地一所学校工作。(used to)

2.一位旧时同窗写信告诉我他重返祖国的想法。(thought)

3.当被问及为何投入这个研究时,他保持沉默。(involve)

4.他若是想在下一届奥运会夺金的话,就要提高他的技术水平。(be to do)

5.她注视着市长消失的那个出口,然后环顾四周看看其他人对市长的缺席有何反应。(through)

【答案】

1. He used to work at a local school.

2.A former classmate of mine wrote me a letter, telling me his thought of returning to the native land/motherland.

3. When (he was) asked why he was involved in the study, he kept silence (silent).

4.If he is to win the gold medal at the next Olympics, he needs to improve his technique. 5.She stared at the exit through which Mayor had disappeared and then looked around to see how others reacted to his absence.

试题分析:

1.He used to work at a local school.

本句重点在于used to do sth过去常常做某事;

2.A former classmate of mine wrote me a letter, telling me his thought of returning to the native land/motherland.

名词thought表示想法,后面的不定式短语of…是对thought进行的解释说明。

3. When (he was) asked why he was involved in the study, he kept silence (silent).

本句考查的是状语从句的省略的话题,当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致的时候,可以把状语从句的主语和be一起省略。

4. If he is to win the gold medal at the next Olympics, he needs to improve his technique.

本题考查的be to do sth表示将来时的用法。相当于should, must。

5.She stared at the exit through which Mayor had disappeared and then looked around to see how others reacted to his absence.

本句考查了动词短语stare at…盯着…看的用法。

考点:考查了考生对词汇,语法和具体句式的掌握情况

考点:本题重在考查基础知识、基本词汇量的积累,对于这类题只有平时勤积累、多进行记忆背诵。

6.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.这位妈妈鼓励孩子分担家务,她这么做是很明智的。(It...)

2.20世纪60年代的那场饥荒使他不得不离开家乡到别的城市另谋出路。(force)

3.如您购买的产品有任何质量问题,请与公司售后部门联系。(contact)

4.在中国机长( the Captain)这部影片中,机长和机组人员的临危不惧,沉着冷静,最终把机上所有乘客安全送到机场。(face)

【答案】

1.It is sensible /wise of the mother to encourage her kid(s) to share the housework. 2.Famine in the 1960s forced him to leave his hometown in search of better chances /to seek (for)better chances in other cities.

3.If the product you purchase is faulty, please contact/ make contact with the

after-sales department of/ in our company. (也可以表达为if there is something wrong with the product you purchase,…)

4.In the film the Captain, the captain (pilot) and the crew stayed calm (fearless/ brave可以不写) in face of danger/ when faced with danger/when facing danger and finally brought/took all the passengers (on board/aboard the plane) to the airport safe and sound.

【解析】

1.考查it作形式主语。分析句意可知,句子应该用一般现在时;此句用“it作形式主语”句

型表达;“明智的(sensible / wise)”是表示人物性格/品德的形容词,应用句型“It is + adj. +of sb. to do…”;短语“鼓励某人做…” encourage sb. to do …。再根据其他汉语提示,故翻译为It is sensible/wise of the mother to encourage her kid(s) to share the housework。

2.考查时态和固定短语。根据时间状语“20世纪60年代”,句子应该用一般过去时;短语“20世纪60年代”in the 1960s; “强迫/迫使某人做…”force sb. to do …;“另谋出路”in search of better chances 或用动词seek(追求)表达为to seek (for)better chances;再根据其他汉语提示,故翻译为Famine in the 1960s forced him to leave his hometown in search of better chances /to seek (for)better chances in other cities。

3.考查动词和条件状语从句。在if引导的条件状语从句中,主句如果是祈使句,从句用一般现在时;contact 作动词时,“与某人联系”contact sb.;contact 作名词时,“与某人联

系”make contact with sb.;表达“…有问题”,也可用句型There is something wrong with…;再根据其他汉语提示,故翻译为If the product you purchase is faulty, please contact/ make contact with the after-sales department of/ in our company (也可以表达为If there is something wrong with the product you purchase,… )。

4.考查动词和固定短语。分析句意可知,整个句子应该用一般过去时;短语“沉着冷静” stay calm;短语“(当他们)面临危险时” 有三种表达形式①用短语in face of 表达为in face of danger ;② 用短语 (sb.)be faced with 表达为when (they were)faced with danger; ③ 用动词face表达为 when (they were) facing danger;短语“安全地”safe and sound,也可用safely。再根据其他汉语提示,故翻译为In the film the Captain, the captain (pilot) and the crew stayed calm (and fearless/ brave可以不写) in face of danger/ when faced with danger/when facing danger and finally brought/took all the passengers (on board/aboard the plane) to the airport safe and sound。

【点睛】

face的用法

face作名词,意为“脸”;作动词,意为“面对”。face既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,后面可接人或表示困难、形势、问题等的抽象名词作宾语; 用作不及物动词时,多用来指房屋的朝向。

表达“(某人)面对/面临”的短语:

in (the)face of…

be faced with

face sth.

例句:The cold air felt wonderful on his face. 凉凉的空气吹在他脸上感觉很舒爽。

They kept optimistic in the face of frustration. 面对挫折,他们还是保持乐观。

The window faces the street.那扇窗子面临街道。

They are faced with the same problem. 他们面临同样的问题。

He faced the difficulty with courage.他勇敢地面对困难。

Faced with so much trouble ,we failed to complete the task on time 面临这么多困难,我们没能按时完成任务。

Facing a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask for help. 面对艰难的处境,Arnold决定求助。

如本题第4小题,“(当他们)面临危险时”可表达为(when they were)in face of danger 或when (they were )faced with danger 或when they faced danger/ when facing danger。

7.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.女孩子们没有必要在深夜为了省钱而去拼车。(need n.)

2.在现代社会中,年轻人承受着巨大的压力,这会导致平均寿命的缩短。(which)

3.他在联合国大会上关于消除性别歧视的演讲获得了高度赞扬。(compliment)

4.他在最后期限到之前全身心投入论文的写作,最终因为劳累病了。( down)

【答案】

1. There is no need for girls to share a car at midnight to save money.

2. Young people are under a lot of stress in the modern society, which will result in/ cause/ lead to the shortening of average life expectance.

3. His speech on eliminating gender prejudice at the conference in the United Nations received great compliments.

4. He had been devoted to the essay writing before the deadline and eventually was down with tiredness.

【解析】

【分析】

本题考查翻译句子,注意一些固定短语和固定句型的使用,同时也要注意名词单复数及非谓语动词。

1.本题的难点在于There is no need for sb to do句型,注意拼车可以用share a car来表示。2.本题的难点在于非限定性定语从句的使用,under stress表示“承受压力”。

3.本题需要注意compliment是可数名词,此处要使用复数形式。

4.本题需要注意be devoted to后需要接动名词或名词作宾语,be down with表示“由于……病倒了”。

8.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.即使天气再热,也不要整天待在空调房间里。(stay)

2.一旦一个人学会了换位思考,就表明他正在走向成熟。(indicate)

3.直到他听了那个讲座才意识到自己对于该领域的知识是如此的匮乏。(It)

4.他们从没想到年底大桥就要建成通车了,这将使他们的出行更为便利。(occur, make)

【答案】

1.Don’t stay in the air-conditioned room all day even if it’s extremely hot.

2.Once a person has learned how to think in other people’s position, it in dicates that he is

getting mature.

3.It was not until he attended the lecture that he realized how little he knew about the field. 4.It never occurred to them that the bridge would be open to traffic/the public by the end of the year, which will make it easier for them to go out/and it will make it easier for them to go out.【解析】

1.考查祈使句和让步状语从句。根据句意可知本句为祈使句,同时用even if/even though 引导让步状语从句,表示“即使”,故翻译为:Don’t stay in the air-conditioned room all day even if it’s extremely hot.

2.考查条件状语从句和宾语从句。根据句意可知本句使用once引导条件状语从句,表示“一旦”,而且learn how to think in other people’s position发生在indicate之前,要用现在完成时,indicate用一般现在时,其后为宾语从句,从句成分完整,用that引导,故翻译

为:Once a person has learned how to think in other people’s position, it indicates that he is getting mature.

3.考查not until的强调句型。根据句意可知本句使用not until的强调句型,其基本结构为:It is not until+被强调部分+that+其余部分,事情发生在过去,应该用一般过去时,故翻译为:It was not until he attended the lecture that he realized how little he knew about the field. 4.考查固定句式和非限定性定语从句。It occurs to sb. that表示“某人突然想到……”,同时可以使用非限定性定语从句,用which指代整个主句内容并在从句中做主语,故翻译为:It never occurred to them that the bridge would be open to traffic/the public by the end of the year, which will make it easier for them to go out/and it will make it easier for them to go out.

9.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.值得一提的是,这座刚落成的教学楼配备了先进的视听设备。(worth)

2.在新品发布前,老板要求广告公司展开调查来收集潜在客户的信息。(demand)

3.面对着诸多不确定因零,家长对孩子的学业成绩感到焦虑是一件正常的事情。(face) 4.要牢记:只要按部就班实现每个短期目标,我们就可以在科研上取得一个又一个的突破。(Bear)

【答案】

1.It is worth mentioning that the newly-built teaching building has been equipped with advanced audio-visual equipment.

2.Before the new product is launched, the boss has demanded that the advertising agency (should) carry out a survey to collect/gather information about potential clients.

3.When they are facing/ (faced with) many uncertainties, it is natural/normal parents to feel anxious about their children's academic performance.

4.Bear in mind that as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step, we can make one breakthrough after another in scientific research

【解析】

【分析】

本本大题考查用所给的词翻译英语句子。此种题首先要分析所给的汉语句意及所给词的用法,明确考核的要点,选择恰当的词语搭配。这不仅要用所给的语法项目进行恰当的翻译,同时还要注意翻译句子时要根据具体的语境。此外一定要避免汉语式的英语翻译。1.考查固定用法。“Sth. be worth doing worth”为固定用法,意为“某事值得做”。“be equipped with...”为固定搭配,意为“配备有......”。此句中的根据语境可知,因此可用it作形式主语,真正的主语是“这座刚落成的教学楼配备了先进的视听设备”。故本句可译为: It is worth mentioning that the newly-built teaching building has been equipped with advanced audio-visual equipment.

2.考查demand引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。Demand在表示“要求”时,所引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气should+动词原形,should也可省略。故本句可译为:Before the new product is launched, the boss has demanded that the advertising agency (should) carry out a survey to collect/gather information about potential clients.

3.考查face的用法。“某人面对某事时”可用“sb. face sth.” 或用“sb. be faced with...”。根据语境可知,此句是由when引导的状语从句。故本句可译为:When they are facing/ (faced with) many uncertainties, it is natural/normal parents to feel anxious about their children's academic performance.

4.考查固定用法。“Bear ...in mind”为固定用法,意为“把......记住”。根据语境可知,bear

的宾语中含有一个状语从句,“只要按部就班实现每个短期目标”可译为“as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step”,第二句中“取得突破”要运用“make one breakthrough”。故本句可译为:Bear in mind that as long as we reach every short-term goal step by step, we can make one breakthrough after another in scientific research。

10.高中英语翻译题:Translation

1.这些保存完好的历史建筑可以追溯到16世纪60年代。 (date)

2.John难得去老师那儿寻求帮助,他觉得自学会使自己受益更多。 (Seldom)

3.基于个人消费历史的网上年度账单可能会带来隐私泄露问题。 (bring)

4.近年来医患关系成为了社会热点,解除病人痛苦正是医生职责,病人也应充分信任与理解医生。 (relieve)

【答案】

1.These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s.

2.Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial.

3.Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.

4.Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients’ pain is doctor's responsibility and the patients should fully believe and understand the doctors.

【解析】

1.考查date back to的用法。根据句意及提示词可知,此处使用词组date back to“追溯到”,该词组没有被动语态,常使用一般现在时。故译为:These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s.

2.考查seldom引导倒装句的用法。seldom位于句首时,后面需要部分倒装;根据句意可知,此处描述的是过去的动作,应使用一般过去时和过去将来时。故译为:Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial.

3.考查bring about的用法。根据句意及提示词可知,此处使用词组bring about“带来”,句子描述的是客观事实,应使用一般现在时。故译为:Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.

4.考查relieve的用法。根据句意及提示词可知,此处使用动词relieve“解除”的动名词词组做主语,句子使用现在完成时和一般现在时,故译为:Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients’ pain is doctor's responsibility and the patients should fully believe and understand the doctors.

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(英语)高三英语翻译技巧小结及练习题及解析

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商务英语翻译技巧整理

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1---高中高考英语翻译技巧完全篇

1---高中高考英语翻 译技巧完全篇 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

英语翻译-英译汉的技巧 真正掌握英译汉的技巧并非易事。这是因为英译汉时会遇到各种各样的困难;首先是英文理解难,这是学习、使用英文的人的共同感觉,由于两国历史、文化、风俗习惯的不同,所以一句英文在英美人看来顺理成章,而在中国人看来却是颠颠倒倒、断断续续,极为别扭。二是中文表达难,英译汉有时为了要找到一个合适的对等词汇,往往被弄得头昏眼花,好象在脑子里摸一个急于要开箱子的钥匙,却没有。另外,英译汉时对掌握各种文化知识的要求很高,因为我们所翻译的文章,其内容可能涉及到极为广博的知识领域,而这些知识领域多半是我们不大熟悉的外国的事情,如果不具备相应的文化知识难免不出现一些翻译中的差错或笑话。正是因为英译汉时会遇到这么多的困难,所以,我们必须通过翻译实践,对英汉两种不同语言的特点加以对比、概况和总结,以找出一般的表达规律来,避免出现一些不该出现的翻译错误,而这些表达的规律就是我们所说的翻译技巧。 一、词义的选择和引伸技巧 英汉两种语言都有一词多类和一词多义的现象。一词多类就是指一个词往往属于几个词类,具有几个不同的意义;一词多义就是同一个词在同一词类中又往往有几个不同的词义。在英译汉的过程中,我们在弄清原句结构后,就要善于运用选择和确定原句中关键词词义的技巧,以使所译语句自然流畅,完全符合汉语习惯的说法;选择确定词义通常可以从两方面着手: 1、根据词在句中的词类来选择和确定词义 They are as like as two peas .他们相似极了。(形容词) He likes mathematics more than physics .他喜欢数学甚于喜欢物理。(动词) Wheat, oat, and the like are cereals .小麦、燕麦等等皆系谷类。(名词) 2、根据上下文联系以及词在句中的搭配关系来选择和确定词义。 He is the last man to come .他是最后来的。 He is the last person for such a job .他最不配干这个工作。 He should be the last man to blame.怎么也不该怪他。 This is the last place where I expected to meet you .我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你。 词义引伸是我们英译汉时常用的技巧之一。翻译时,有时会遇到某些词在英语辞典上找不到适当的词义,如果任意硬套或逐词死译,就会使译文生硬晦涩,不能确切表达原意,甚至会造成误解。这时就应根据上下文和逻辑关系,从该词的根本含义出发,进一步加以引伸,引伸时,往往可以从三个方面来加以考虑。 1、词义转译。当我们遇到一些无法直译或不宜直译的词或词组时,应根据上下文和逻辑关系,引伸转译。 The energy of the sun comes to the earth mainly as light and heat .太阳能主要以光和热的形式传到地球。 2、词义具体化。根据汉语的表达习惯,把原文中某些词义较笼统的词引伸为词义较具体的词。 The last stage went higher and took the Apollo into orbit round the earth.最后一级火箭升得更高,把“阿波罗号”送进围绕地球运行的轨道。 3、词义抽象化。根据汉语的表达习惯,把原文中某些词义较具体的词引伸为词义较抽象的词,或把词义较形象的词引伸为词义较一般的词。 Every life has its roses and thorns .每个人的生活都有甜有苦。 二、词类转译技巧 在英译汉过程中,有些句子可以逐词对译,有些句子则由于英汉两种语言的表达方式不同,就不能逐词对译,只能将词类进行转译之后,方可使译文显得通顺、自然;对词类转译技巧的运用须从四个方面加以注意。 1、转译成动词。英语中的某些名词、介词、副词,翻译时可转译成汉语中的动词。 The lack of any special excretory system is explained in a similar way . 植物没有专门的排泄系统,可用同样的方式加以说明。(名词转译) As he ran out ,he forgot to have his shoes on .他跑出去时,忘记了穿鞋子。 2、转译成名词。英语中的某些动词、形容词,翻译时可转换成汉语中的名词。

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