Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
In 1924 American’ National Research Council sent to engineers to supervise a series o f industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floor lignting__1__workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended __2___giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, t he extremely influential idea that the very___3____to being experimented upon changed subjects’ behavior.
The idea arose because of the __4____behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to __5____of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6____what was done in the experiment; ___7_someting was changed ,productivity rose. A(n)___8___that they were being experimented upon seemed to be ____9___to alter workers’ behavior ____10____itself.
After several decades, the same data were _11__ to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store _12 __the descriptions on record, no systematic _13__ was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.
It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to__ 14__ interpretation of what happed.__ 15___ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday .When work started again on Monday, output __16___ rose compared with the previous Saturday and__ 17 __to rise for the next couple of days.__ 18__ , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers__ 19__ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case , before __20 __a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect “ is hard to pin down.
1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored
2. [A] at [B]up [C] with [D] off
3. [A]truth [B]sight [C] act [D] proof
4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C]mischievous [D] ambiguous
5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments
6. [A] conclude [B] matter [C] indicate [D] work
7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as
8. [A] awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion
9. [A] suitable [B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant
10. [A] about [B] for [C] on [D] by
11. [A] compared [B]shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed
12. [A] contrary to [B] consistent with [C] parallel with [D] pealliar to
13. [A] evidence [B]guidance [C]implication [D]source
14. [A] disputable [B]enlightening [C]reliable [D]misleading
15. [A] In contrast [B] For example [C] In consequence [D] As usual
16. [A] duly [B]accidentally [C] unpredictably [D] suddenly
17. [A]failed [B]ceased [C]started [D]continued
20. [A]breaking [B]climbing [C]surpassing [D]hiting
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text 1
Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the m ost far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.
It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant c ollections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of new spaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.
We are even farther rem oved from the unfocused newspaper review spublished in England between the turn of t he 2 0th century and the eve of World War Ⅱ, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts crit icism was consi dered an ornament to the publications in which it appe ared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted tha t the cri tics of major papers woul dwri te in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bern ard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trus ted to know what they were a bout. These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up
in journalism, ”Newman wrote, “ that I am tempted to define‘journalism’ as ‘a term of cont empt appl ied by writers who are not read to writers who are’. ”
Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays ont he game of cricket. During his l ifetime, though, he was also one of England's foremost classical-music critics, and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography（1947）became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so ho nored. Yet on ly one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.
Is there any chance that Cardus’s criticism will enjoy a revi val? The prospect seems remote. Jour nalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern reader shave little use for the ric hly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.
21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that
[A] arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.
[B] English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.
[C] high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.
[D] young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.
22. Newspaper reviews in England before world warⅡwere characterized by
[A] free themes.
[B] casual style.
[C] elaborate layout.
[D] radical viewpoints.
23. which of the following would Shaw and Newman most probably agree on？
[A] It is writers’ duty to fulfill journalistic goals.
[B] It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.
[C] Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.
[D] Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.
24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?
[A] His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.
[B] His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.
[C]His style caters largely to modern specialists.
[D]His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.
25. What would be the best title for the text?
[A] Newspapers of the Good Old Days.
[B] The lost Horizon in Newspapers.
[C] Mournful Decline of Journalism.
[D] Prominent Critics in Memory.
Text 2
Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. https://www.doczj.com/doc/5a19318048.html, received one for its “one-click” online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.
Now the nation’s top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski , as the case is known , is “a very big deal”, says Dennis’D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.”
Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive pinhts to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.
The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court’s judge s, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should” reconsider” its state street Bank ruling.
The Federal Circuit’s action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Count that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for “inventions” that are obvious. The judges on the Federal circuit are “reacting to the anti_ patent trend at the supreme court” ,says Harole C.wegner, a partend attorney and professor at aeorge Washington University Law School.
26. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of
[A] their limited value to business
[B] their connection with asset allocation
[C] the possible restriction on their granting
[D] the controversy over authorization
27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?
[A] Its ruling complies with the court decisions
[B] It involves a very big business transaction
[C] It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit
[D] It may change the legal practices in the U.S.
28. The word “about-face” (Line 1, Paro 3) most probably means
[A] loss of good will
[B] increase of hostility
[C] change of attitude
[D] enhancement of dignity
29. We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents
[A] are immune to legal challenges
[B] are often unnecessarily issued
[C] lower the esteem for patent holders
[D] increase the incidence of risks
30. Which of the following would be the subject of the text?
[A] A looming threat to business-method patents
[B] Protection for business-method patent holders
[C] A legal case regarding business-method patents
[D] A prevailing trend against business-method patents
Text 3
In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Aladuell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn’t explain how ideas actually spread.
The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the “two step flow of communication”: Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends
In their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, they don’t seem to be required of all.
The researchers’ argument stems from a simple observing about social influence, with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey-whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence-even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected, must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example from the initial influential prove resistant, for example the cascade of change won’t propagate very far or affect many people.
Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to peopl e’s ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced. Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call “global cascades”- the widespread propagation of influence through networks - is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people, each of whom adopts, say, a look or a brand after being exposed to a single adopting
neighbor. Regardless of how influential an individual is locally, he or she can exert global influence only if this critical mass is available to propagate a chain reaction.
31.By citing the book The Tipping Point, the author intends to
[A]analyze the consequences of social epidemics
[B]discuss influentials’ function in spreading ideas
[C]exemplify people’s intuitive response to social epidemics
[D]describe the essential characteristics of influentials.
32.The author suggests that the “two-step-flow theory”
[A]serves as a solution to marketing problems
[B]has helped explain certain prevalent trends
[C]has won support from influentials
[D]requires solid evidence for its validity
33.what the researchers have observed recently shows that
[A] the power of influence goes with social interactions
[B] interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media
[C] influentials have more channels to reach the public
[D] most celebrities enjoy wide media attention
34.The underlined phrase “these people” in paragraph 4 refers to the ones who
[A] stay outside the network of social influence
[B] have little contact with the source of influence
[C] are influenced and then influence others
[D] are influenced by the initial influential
35.what is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?
[A]The eagerness to be accepted
[B]The impulse to influence others
[C]The readiness to be influenced
[D]The inclination to rely on others
Text 4
Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it’s just not fair. These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.
Unfortunately, banks’ lobbying now seems to be work ing. The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.
After a bruising encounter with Congress, America’s Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) rushed through rule changes. These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income statement. Bob Herz, the FASB’s chairman, cried out against those who “question our motives.” Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls “the use of judgment by management.”
European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong. Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did “not live in a political vacuum” but “in the real word” and that Europe could yet develop different rules.
It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets. Today they argue that market prices overstate losses, because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be known for years. But bank’s shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.
To get the system working again, losses must be rec ognized and dealt with. America’s new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility form special interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.
36. Bankers complained that they were forced to
[A] follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules
[B]collect payments from third parties
[C]cooperate with the price managers
[D]reevaluate some of their assets.
37.According to the author , the rule changes of the FASB may result in
[A]the diminishing role of management
[B]the revival of the banking system
[C]the banks’ long-term asset losses
[D]the weakening of its independence
38.According to Paragraph 4, McCreevy objects to the IASB’s attempt to
[A]keep away from political influences.
[B]evade the pressure from their peers.
[C]act on their own in rule-setting.
[D]take gradual measures in reform.
39.The author thinks the banks were “on the wrong planet ”in that they
[A]misinterpreted market price indicators
[B]exaggerated the real value of their assets
[C]neglected the likely existence of bad debts.
[D]denied booking losses in their sale of assets.
40.The author’s attitude towards standard-setters is one of
[A]satisfaction.
[B]skepticism.
[C]objectiveness
[D]sympathy
Part B
Directions:
For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which dose not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)
[A] Th e first and more important is the consumer’s growing preference for eating out; the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005. This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5 percent a year across Europe, compared with growth in retail demand of 1 to 2 percent. Meanwhile, as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.
[B] Retail sales of food and drink in Europe’s largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limited success, and expansion abroad. But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.
[C] Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not. The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers. In other words, it is up to the buyer, rather than the seller, to decide what to buy .At any rate, this change will ultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers, regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.
[D] All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits thereby. At least, that is how it looks as a whole. Closer inspection reveals important differences among the biggest national markets, especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures, as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories. Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which their particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors. New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.
[E] Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined-France, Germany, Italy, and Spain-are made out of the same building blocks. Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent mom-and-pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are two small to buy straight from producers, and food service operators that cater to consumers when they don’t eat at home. Such food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional catering ventures, but most of these businesses are known in the trade as “horeca”: hotels, restaurants, and cafes. Overall, Europe’s wholesale market for food and drink is grow ing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figures, when added together, mask two opposing trends.
[F] For example, wholesale food and drink sales come to $268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom in 2000-more than 40 percent of retail sales. Moreover, average overall margins are
higher in wholesale than in retail; wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often; and changes in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.
[G] However, none of these requirements should deter large retailers (and even some large good producers and existing wholesalers) from trying their hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefullyand then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should bewritten clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on econom ic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.
When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it, we invent excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of the century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing.(46)Scientists ju mped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. The evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.
It is painful to read these roundabout accounts today. We have no land ethic yet, (47) but we have at least drawn nearer the point of adm itting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.
A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. (48) Time was when biologists som ewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless” species. Here again, the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid. It is only in recent years that we hear the more honest argumentthat predators are members of the community, and that no special interest has the right to exte rminate the m f or the sake of a benefit, real or fancied, to itself.
Some species of tree have been“read out of the party” by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale value to pay as timber crops.(49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the noncommercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason. Moreover, some have been found to have a valuable function in building up soil fertility. The interdependence of the forest and its constit uent tree species, ground flora, and fauna is taken for granted.
To sum up: a systemof conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50) It tends to ignore , and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value,but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts.
Section III Writing
Part A
51. Directions:
You are supposed to write for the Postgraduates’ Associ ation a notice to recruit volunteers for an international c onference on globalization. The notice should include the basic qualificationsof applicants and other information which you think is relevant.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own nam e at the end of the notice. Use "postgraduates’ Association" instead.（10 points）
Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and
3) give your comments.
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. （20 points）
2010年答案：Section I: Use of English (10 points)
Section II: Reading Comprehension (60 points)Part A (40 points)
Part B (10 points)
Part C (10 points)
46 . 科学家们赶紧拿出某些明显站不住脚的证据来补救，大致说的是如果鸟儿不能控制昆虫数量的话，昆虫就会把我们吃光。
47. 但是我们至少更倾向于承认这样一种观点：那就是鸟儿的生存是它们的固有权利，不管其存在与否对我们是否有经济利益。
48. 曾几何时，生物学家似乎过度使用了以下这条证据：这些生物是为了维持食物链的正常运行去捕食弱小的生物或只捕食“没有价值的”物种。
49 . 在生态林业较为先进的欧洲，没有成为商业化对象的树种被视为原始森林群落的成员适当地加以保护。
50 . 这个系统容易忽视并最终消灭陆地群落中很多缺乏商业价值的物种，然而这些物种对于整个生物群落的健康运行是至关重要的。
Section III: Writing (30 points)
51.参考范文
Notice
We are looking for volunteers to help a tth eInternational Conference on Globalization, which is t o take place on this campus on Jan. 16th, 2010. This conference will attract over 200 business, academic, and governmental leaders fro m 50 countries. Volunteers will have the opportunity to gain exposure and knowledge as well as network with leaders and experts all over the world. In dividuals with excellent language skills in English, French or Spanish are encouraged to sign up. Those who have communication skills
and experiences in inter ——cultural communication will he preferred. If you are interested in joining this program to help us with the conference, please email to volunteer-4- conference @ yahoo. com. cn with your phone number and time available.
Postgraduates’ Association
52.参考范文
For the past three decades, Chinese people have wit nessed a never—in creasing exchange of Chi nese cult ure and western culture . As ill ustrated in the picture, differentelements from both Chinese culture and western culture like B uddhism , post一modernism , Confucian philosophies , Einstein , Lao She , Shakespeare , Chinese Gongfu, Opera of Swan Lake , and Beijing Opera , etc. are being added into a hotpot . Certainly enough, this hotpot will be delicious and nutritious.
Such a tendency of cultural exchange can obviously be attributed to th e Opening-uppolicy and globalization. For the past thirty years, western ideas and values, literature, arts, movies, and all sorts of cultural products have been in troduced to China. Such an interaction of different cul tures, values and traditions has broadened Chinese people’s visions and enriched their life. Meanwhile, many foreigners get to know Chinese culture by trave ling to China, reading Chinese bo oks, watching C hinese movies, or simply surfing the In ternet. Confucius Inst itutes set up throughout t he world and the Year of China celebrated in fore ign countri es also help the spread of Chinese cul ture. Indeed,
people not only in China but also throughout the world benefit enormously by understanding and admiring each other through this “hotpot” of different cultures.
To my mind’s eye, as people recognize and enjoy the a dvantages brought by th e cultural exchange, they will surely hope to see more exchange, not just in terms of culture but also in all aspects of human civilization.
２０１０年国家公务员行测考试真题 第一部分常识判断 （共25题，参考时限15分钟） 根据题目要求，在四个选项中选出一个最恰当的答案。 请开始答题： 1. 社会建设与人民幸福安康息息相关，党的十七大报告提出，要加快推进以改善民生为重点的社会建设，下列 各项不属于社会建设范畴的是： A.在学校建立贫困生资助体系 B.为低收入家庭提供住房保障 C.扩大各项社会保险的覆盖范围 D.强化政府服务职能，建设服务型政府 2．随着综合国力的提升，我国在国际社会中的作用与影响越来越突出，下列说法正确的是： A.我国的出口贸易额在“金砖四国”中位居第二 B.我国目前是二十国集团中唯一的亚洲发展中国家 C.我国在哥本哈根气候峰会上提出了单位GDP碳减排的量化目标 D.我国已与周边所有邻国建立正式的外交关系 3．我国的能源条件可以概括为： A.缺煤、富油、少气 B.富煤、缺油、少气 C.缺煤、缺油、多气 D.富煤、富油、多气 4．关于我国第六次人口普查，下列表述正确的是： A.其标准时点是2010年1月1日至2010年12月31日 B.所取得的数据不得作为对普查对象实施处罚的依据 C.所需经费由中央政府完全负担，列入相应年度的财政预算 D.采用按户口所在地登记的原则 5．2010年7月，党中央、国务院召开了西部大开发工作会议，总结西部大开发10年取得的巨大成就和丰富经验，全面分析国内外形势和西部大开发面临的新机遇、新挑战，关于西部大开发战略，下列表述不正确的是： A.西部大开发在我国区域协调发展总体战略中居于优先地位 B.西部大开发战略实施的最主要目的是解决沿海同内地的贫富差距 C.西部大开发覆盖地域指陕、甘、宁、青、新等西北五省（区）及西藏自治区 D.实施西部大开发的核心工作时保障和改善民生 6．在西柏坡时期，党中央：①领导了解放区的土改运动；②召开了党的七届二中全会；③组织指挥了辽沈、淮海、平津三大战役。 上述历史事件出现的先后顺序是： A. ①③② B. ②①③ C. ②③① D. ③①② 7．下列说法不符合法律规定的是： A.甲村村委会在村民会议上提交了修建学校的经费筹集方案 B.乙村村委会与村民李某签订山林承包合同，承包期为10年，到期后，村委会又将山林承包给该村村民赵 某 C.两村有一座石灰矿，丙村村委会组织该村村民成立丙村经济合作社，以经济合作社的名义申请石灰矿的采 矿许可证 D.丁村享有选举权的村民有500人，其中300人参与了村委会主任选举，候选人王某、张某和黄某分别获得 选票120票、100票和80票，因而王某当选 8．根据我国国防动员法的有关规定，在国家的主权、统一、领土完整和安全遭受威胁时，决定全国总动员或局部动员和发布动员令的分别是： A.全国人民代表大会、国务院总理 B.国家主席、国务院总理 C.全国人民代表大会常务委员会、国家主席 D.全国人民代表大会常务委员长、国家主席
2010年物业管理师全国统一考试试卷《物业管理基本制 度与政策》 一、单项选择题（共60题，每题1分，每题的备选项中，只有1个最符合题意） 1．2003年9月1日，（B ）的实施，标志着我国物业管理进入了法制化、规范化的新阶段。 A．《物权性》B．《物业管理条例》 C．《业主大会规程》 D．《前期物业管理招投标管理暂行办法》 2．关于物业管理的说法，正确的是（ B ） A．物业管理的直接责任主体是物业服务企业 B．物业管理的对象是房屋及其附属设施设备和相关场地 C．物业管理的内容是维修、养护、管理 D．物业管理的性质是公益性的公共服务活动 3．业主大会设立后，新聘的物业服务企业应当与（ B ）办理承接验收手续。 A．居民委员会B．业主委 员会 C．建设单位D．原物 业服务企业 4．物业服务企业接受供 水、供电、供气等单位委托， 向业主代收相关费用时， （ B ）向业主收取额外费用。 A．可以 B．不得C．协商 D．约定 5．业主与物业服务企业 的关系是（ C ）的关系。 A．管理与被管理B．领 导与被领导 C．服务与被服务D．上 级与下级 6．物业服务企业与业主 签订物业服务合同，是一种民 事行为，民事行为最基本的原 则，就在于其主体的平等性和 行为的（ C ）。 A．约束性 B．独立性 C．自愿性 D．合法性 7．从物业服务合同的内 容来看，物业服务企业与业主 约定的物业服务事项具有 （D ）特点。 A．临时性 B．长期性 C．专项性 D．综合性 8．物业服务企业与业主 之间基于物业服务合同形成 交易关系，双方交易的标的物 是（ C ）。 A．物业服务收费B．物 业服务标准 C．公共性物业服务 D．物业管理区域 9．关于“物业服务合同约 定以外的服务”的说法，错误的 是（ D ）。 A．物业服务合同约定以 外的服务通常来自于单个业 主的特殊需求 B．物业服务合同约定以 外的服务并不是物业服务企 业的法定义务 C．物业服务合同约定以 外的服务通常是一种有偿义 务 D．单个业主可与物业服 务企业协商，将特约服务作为 物业服务合同的补充条款 【2010年真题】10．《普 通住宅小区物业管理服务等 级标准（试行）》中的二级标 准规定，业主对物业服务的满 意率应当达到（ A ）以上。 A．75%
2010年国家公务员考试行测真题参考答案（华图版）2010年国家公务员考试行测真题答案：言语理解 1.A 自豪遗憾 2.C 贯穿空洞 3.A 垄断抢先 4.B 声名鹊起 5.B 鉴别弊端 6.A 契机适应 7.A 全盘倚重 8.C 割裂一石二鸟 9.B 高屋建瓴发掘 10.A 展现闲言细语 11.B 精准虚无缥缈 12.A 出发点掌控 13.A 异曲同工偏差 14.C 直接组织
15.D 无师自通名副其实 16.D 臻于佳境复制 17.D 障碍规模 18.A 机遇谋取基础 19.C 推崇联想微词 20.B 封闭悄无声息浑然不觉 21.B 方法得当柔可克刚 22.C 价值取向 23.A 强调森林对人类生存的重要性 24.A 中国古代的科技水平没有长足进步的根本原因 25.D 与其他艺术及科学联系密切 26.A 生物技术的进步为动物资源保护开辟了新天地 27.B 在新形势下提升科普工作水平的必要性 28.D 光污染对自然生态平衡的干扰 29.C 土著音乐产生的历史背景 30.A 哲学源于生活，应服务于人民 31.C 不同文化的族群完全有可能和谐相处
32.A 国家应加强对炮制技术保密工作的管理 33.C⑤③②④⑥① 34.A③①②④⑥⑤ 35.B在当今现实生活中仍然存在避讳现象 36.B 城市软实力的内涵及其重要性 37.C 我国服务业对劳动就业的吸纳能力有待进一步拓展 38.C 市场经济住哪个伦理道德的作用是必然存在的 39.B 实物与记录 40.B 礼制的要求使中国传统服装采用了平面剪裁法技术的进步为动物资源保护开辟了新天地 2010年国家公务员考试行测真题答案：数量关系 41. B 352 42 A 273 43.C 4546 44.D 27 45.A 122/199 46.B 10
2010年全国普通高等学校运动训练、民族传统体育专业 单独统一招生考试 数学 一、选择题：每小题6分，共10小题，共60分．在每小题的四个选项中，只有一项是符合要求的． 1．已知集合A ＝｛x|x 2 ―1＞0}，B ＝｛x|log 2x ＜0}，则A ∩B 等于 ( ) A ．Ø B ．｛x|x ＜－1} C ．｛x|x ＞1} D ．｛x|x ＜－1或x ＞1} 2. 若不等式||x a -<1成立的充分条件是04< 5．已知a 、b 是非零向量且满足（a －2b ）⊥a ，（b －2a ）⊥b ，则a 与b 的夹角是 ( ) A ． 6 π B ． 3 π C ． 3 2π D ． 6 5π 6椭圆22143x y +=的右焦点到直线y x =的距离是 （ ） A. 127. 过圆锥曲线C 的一个焦点F 的直线l 交曲线C 于A 、B 两点，且以AB 为直径的圆与F 相应的准线相交，则曲线C 为 A. 双曲线 B. 抛物线 C. 椭圆 D. 以上都有可能 8．若α αα ααcos sin cos 3sin ,2tan +-=则的值是 （ ） A ．3 1- B ．－3 5 C ． 3 1 D ． 3 5 9．直线052)3(057)3()1(2=-+-=-+-++y x m m y m x m 与直线垂直的充要条件是（ ） A ．2-=m B ．3=m C ．31=-=m m 或 D ．23-==m m 或 10．已知1(2)2 x f x x ++= +，则1 (2)f x -+= ( ) A.12 x x -+ B.11x -+ C.211x x +-- D.21x x +-+ 二、填空题：每小题5分，共8小题，共计40分．将答案填在题中的横线上。 11. 函数)1(log 2 1-= x y 的定义域是 12. 在等差数列｛a n ｝中，a 1=25 1 ,第10项开始．．比1大，则公差d 的取值范围是 . 2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国一卷) 第一卷 一、(12分，每小题3分) 1.下列词语中加点的字，读音全部正确的一组是 A.行伍(háng) 名宿(sù) 恶贯满盈(yíng) 厉兵秣马(mù) B.倾轧(zhá) 不啻(chì) 补苴罅漏(xià) 荆钗布裙(chāi) C.巨擘(bò) 河蚌(bàng) 得不偿失(cháng) 莘莘学子(shēn) D.解剖(pāo) 羁绊(jī) 火中取栗(lì) 感慨系之( xì) 2.下列各句中，加点的成语使用正确的一项是() A.现在我们单位职工上下班或步行，或骑车，为的是倡导绿色，低碳生活。尤为可喜得是，始作俑者是我们新来的局长。 B.几年前，学界几乎没有人不对他的学说大加挞伐，可现在当他被尊奉为人师之后，移樽就教的人简直要踏破他家的门槛。 C.他是当今少数几位声名卓著的电视剧编剧之一，这不光是因为他善于编故事，更重要的原因是他写的剧本声情并茂，情节曲折。 D.旁边一位中学生摸样的青年诚恳地说：“叔叔，这些都是名人的作品，您就买一幅吧，挂在客厅里不仅美观大气，还可附庸风雅。” 3.下列各句中，没有语病的一句是 A.大师的这段经历非常重要，但流传的说法不一，而所有的“当事人”、知情人都已去世。我们斟酌以后拟采用大师儿子所讲的为准。 B.我们说话写文章，在把零散的的词语串成一个个可以用来传递信息、完成交际任务的句子的时候，是需要遵循一定的语法规律的。 C.这个法律职业培训基地由省司法厅和南海大学合作建立。是全国首家有效联合政府行政职能和高校教育资源而成立的培训机构。 D.近期发热患儿增多，我院己进入门诊超负荷状态，为使就诊更有序，决定采取分时段挂号，如果由此给您带来不便，敬请谅解。 4.依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是 近几十年来，，，，，，。随着中国国力的增强，关于中国的国际地位、作用和责任的讨论方兴未艾。 ①也高于同时期世界的平均水平 ②中国日益成为世界关注的焦点 ③现代化建设取得了举世瞩目的成就 ④中目的综合实力大幅度提高 ⑤尽管对增长的原因有不同的看法，然而谁也无法否认增长的事买 ⑥中国经济的增长速度远远高于发达围家 A. ②④③⑥⑤① B.②⑤⑥③④① 2010年国考真题与解析 第一部分言语理解与表达 （共40题，参考时限35分钟） 本部分包括表达与理解两方面的内容。请根据题目要求，在四个选项中选出一个最恰当的答案。 请开始答题： 1．“诗是不可译的，中国古典诗歌更是不可译的。”爱好古典诗歌的中国人包括不少作家、学者、翻译家常常如是说，语气中带着七分________三分________。然而，话说回来，如果没有翻译，中国古典诗歌如何走出国门、走向世界呢？依次填入划横线部分最恰当的一项是： A．自豪遗憾 B．无奈悲伤 C．感伤埋怨 D．骄傲惭愧 【答案选A】 【解析】“诗是不可译的，中国古典诗歌更是不可译的。”主要体现出自豪之处，但是请注意到关联词“然而，话说回来”，这里又能看到有些许遗憾。 【原文出处】“诗是不可译的，中国古典诗歌更是不可译的。”爱好古典诗歌的中国人，包括不少作家、学者、翻译家常常如是说，语气中带着七分自豪三分遗憾。然而，话说回来，如果没有翻译，中国古典诗歌如何走出国门，走向世界呢？换个角度来看，中国古典诗歌的出口似乎面临着一个两难境地：一方面它是地道的国货，是真正“由中国制造”的文化产品，所以更需要保持其“原汁原味”；另一方面它本来不是为出口而生产的，若不经过这样或那样的包装或改装，能成功进入“国际市场”吗？除非全世界人民都学通了古汉语，自己能欣赏并主动进口原装的中国古典诗歌。人民日报：《古典诗歌“不可译” 如何走向世界》 2．茶艺与茶道精神是中国茶文化的核心。“艺”是指制茶、煮茶、品茶等艺茶之术，“道”是指艺茶过程中所________的精神。有道而无艺，那是________的理论；有艺而无道，艺则无精、无神。 依次填入划横线部分最恰当的一项是： A．传达虚浮 B．包涵虚无 C．贯穿空洞 D．体现枯燥 【答案选C】 【解析】传达：向别人转述；包涵：包括，含有；贯穿：贯串，穿过，连通；体现：某种性质或现象通过某一事物具体表现出来；能够用在艺茶过程中的应为“贯穿”。虚无：指不存在的，空虚的，这里要说的是无艺之“道”是空无所有的，应为“空洞”。虚浮和枯燥与题意无关。 【原文出处】茶艺与茶道精神，是中国茶文化的核心。我们这里所说的…艺?，是指制茶、烹茶、品茶等艺茶之术；我们这里所说的…道?，是指艺茶过程中所贯彻的精神。有道而无艺，那是空洞的理论；有艺而无道，节则无精、无神。……茶艺，有名，有形，是茶文化的外在表现形式；茶道，就是精神、道理、规律、本源与本质，它经常是看不见、摸不着的，但你却完全可以通过心灵去体会。茶艺与茶道结合，艺中有道，道中 有艺，是物质与精神高度统一的结果。《浅谈茶文化、茶艺与茶道》 2010年全国语文高考真题18套（答案） 2010年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国1卷) 一、1、【解析】A项厉兵秣mò马，B项倾轧yà，D项解剖pōu。本题主要考查多音字和常见误读字的读音，字音尤其是多音字的识记，一要注意从词语含义上区别；二要注意从词性上区别，如“宿”；三要注意通过书面语与口头语的不同记忆，如“血”；四要注意记少不记多，像“蚌”只有地名“蚌埠”中读bang，记住这一处特殊读音既可；五要记住一些常考的字音。 【考点】识记现代汉语普通话的字音，能力层级为识记A 2、【解析】A、始作俑者：俑，古代殉葬用的木制或陶制的俑人。开始制作俑的人。比喻首先做某件坏事的人。B、移樽就教：樽，古代盛酒器；就，凑近。端着酒杯离座到对方面前共饮，以便请教。比喻主动去向人请教。C、声情并茂：并，都；茂，草木丰盛的样子，引申为美好。指演唱的音色、唱腔和表达的感情都很动人。D、附庸风雅：附庸，依傍，追随；风雅，泛指诗歌。指缺乏文化修养的人为了装点门面而结交文人，参加有关文化活动。解答成语题，第一、逐字解释成语，运用成语结构特点把握成语大意，但要注意不能望文生义；第二、注意成语潜在的感情色彩和语体色彩；第三、要注意成语使用范围，搭配的对象；第四、弄清所用成语的前后语境，尽可能找出句中相关联的信息；第五、从修饰与被修饰关系上分析，看修饰成分跟中心词之间是否存在前后语义矛盾或者前后语义重复的现象。 【考点定位】正确使用词语（包括熟语），能力层级为表达应用 D 【答案】B 3解析：A、句式杂糅，“拟采用”和“为准”杂糅，可改为“我们斟酌以后拟采用大师儿子的说法”或者“我们斟酌以后拟采用大师儿子所讲的为准”。C、搭配不当，“基地”与“机构”不搭配。D、宾语残缺，应改为“决定采取分时段挂号的办法”。语病题做题思路通常是：疏理出句子的主干和枝叶，看成分是否残缺或者赘余；看句子的主要成分即主、谓、宾之间，句子的枝叶即定、状、补与中心语之间是否搭配；心里默读，看是否有不同的句式混用，语序是否恰当；综合思考，是否符合逻辑思维，表意是否明确。 考点定位：辨析并修改病句，能力层级为表达应用D 4、【答案】D 【解析】连贯类题目做题时要注意把握基本内容，初步分层归类，先在小范围内排序，然后再考查层次间的衔接，这其中应先找出关联词、代词以及表时间、地点的词语，然后据此进行句间连缀排列。在上面排列的基础之上，再通读语段，检查确定。 【考点定位】语言表达连贯，能力层级为表达应用 D、 二、5、【解析】“从而解决了情绪异常的防治问题”错，文中说“他们的见解让人耳目一新”，可见，生物学角度的研究并没有得到所有人的认可，不能说“解决了”。 【考点定位】归纳内容要点，能力层级为分析综合C 6、【答案】D 【解析】“残存农药、食品添加剂和抗生素等杀死大量肠道细菌”，“高蛋白物质就会被分解出大量硫化氢和氨等有害物质”是两个不同的原因。A项将冬季抑郁症视作更严重的例子，文中没有直接说明，可以从症状中勉强推断出。 【考点定位】筛选并整合文中的信息，能力层级为分析综合 C 7、【答案】A 【解析】多巴胺是神经元中传导神经兴奋的一种化学物质，当多巴胺传导顺畅的时候，大脑内部就会产生一系列化学变化，使我们产生快感。是多巴胺传导顺畅与否，不是多巴胺 2010年考研政治真题及完整答案解析（文章正文部分） 一、判断题 1. 2010年考研政治真题 题目：中国社会主义最充分发展时期是（）。 A. 1957-1966年 B. 1949-1957年 C. 1966-1976年 D. 1949-1978年 解析：正确答案是A，中国社会主义最充分发展时期在1957-1966年之间。 2. 2010年考研政治真题 题目：《共产党宣言》的道德基础是（）。 A. 自由 B. 平等 C. 民主 D. 人权 解析：正确答案是B，共产党宣言的道德基础是平等。 二、单项选择题 1. 2010年考研政治真题 题目：1942年党的七届二中全会选举出的中央委员会总书记是（）。 A. 刘少奇 B. 陈云 C. 彭德怀 D. 邓小平 解析：正确答案是A，1942年党的七届二中全会选举刘少奇为中央委员会总书记。 2. 2010年考研政治真题 题目：我国特色社会主义进入新时代的主要依据是（）。 A. 党的工作实践 B. 实践的总结 C. 党和国家事业发展的实际 D. 人民群众的意愿 解析：正确答案是C，我国特色社会主义进入新时代的主要依据是党和国家事业发展的实际情况。 三、主观题 2010年考研政治真题 题目：简述列宁主义关于共产主义战略任务的内容。 解析：列宁主义关于共产主义战略任务的内容包括四个方面：一是实现无产阶级专政；二是消灭剥削；三是消灭阶级；四是消灭国家。 四、案例分析题 2010年考研政治真题 题目：请你分析当前我国社会主义事业总体发展水平。 解析：当前我国社会主义事业总体发展水平较高。首先，在经济方面，我国已成为世界第二大经济体，人民生活水平明显提高。其次，在政治方面，中国共产党始终保持着正确的领导，国家治理能力有所 (2) B 【解析】由a+2i =b+i i 得a+2i=bi-1,所以由复数相等的意义知a=-1,b=2,所以a+b=1,故选B.【命题意图】本题考查复数相等的意义、复数的基本运算，属保分题。 (3)D 【解析】由空间直线与平面的位置关系及线面垂直与平行的判定与性质定理可以得出答案。 【命题意图】考查空间直线与平面的位置关系及线面垂直与平行的判定与性质，属基础题。 （4）【答案】D (7) A 【解析】由题意得:所求封闭图形的面积为1230x -x )dx=?（1111-1=3412 ??,故选A 。【命题意图】本题考查定积分的基础知识，由定积分求曲线围成封闭图形的面积。 可知当直线z=3x-4y平移到点（5，3）时，目标函数z=3x-4y取得最大值3；当直线z=3x-4y 平移到点（3，5）时，目标函数z=3x-4y取得最小值-11，故选A。【命题意图】本题考查不等式中的线性规划知识，画出平面区域与正确理解目标函数z=3x-4y的几何意义是解答好本题的关键。(11)函数y=2x-2x的图像大致是 A 【解析】因为当x=2或4时，2x -2x =0，所以排除 B 、 C ；当x=-2时，2x -2x =14<0 4 -，排除D ，所以选A 。【命题意图】本题考查函数的图象，考查同学们对函数基础知识 的把握程度以及数形结合的思维能力。12 B 【解析】若a 与b 共线，则有 a b=mq-np=0 ，故A 正确；因为b a pn-qm = ，而a b=mq-np ，所以有a b b a ≠ ，故选项B 错误，故选B 。 【命题意图】本题在平面向量的基础上，加以创新，属创新题型，考查平面向量的基础知识以及分析问题、解决问题的能力。 二【答案】54- 【解析】当x=10时，y=110-1=42 ?，此时|y-x|=6； 当x=4时，y=14-1=12?，此时|y-x|=3；当x=1时，y=111-1=-22?，此时|y-x|=32；当x=12 -时，y=115-1=-224?-（），此时|y-x|=3<14，故输出y 的值为54-。【命题意图】本题考查程序框图的基础知识，考查了同学们的试图能力。 2010年国家司法考试真题答案——第一卷 试卷一 提示：本试卷为选择题，由计算机阅读。请将所选答案填涂在答题卡上，勿在卷面上直接作答。 以下各题所列A、B、C、D选项中，下划黑线的即参考答案。 一、单项选择题。每题所设选项中只有一个正确答案，多选、错选或不选均不得分。本部分含1—50题，每题1分，共50分。 1.司法公正是司法工作的灵魂，是依法治国的重要标志。社会主义法治理念要求司法机关必须“严格公正司法”。下列哪一选项不符合社会主义法治理念的精神和要求？ A.司法机关必须坚持实体公正和程序公正相结合，做到法律效果、政治效果和社会效果相统一 B.司法机关必须进一步提高办案效率，坚持公正与效率兼顾 C.司法机关为了保障判决有效执行，应对当事人实行“一站式服务”，即谁立案谁审判谁执行 D.司法机关为了加强审判监督，可主动邀请人大代表、政协委员和新闻媒体旁听重大疑难案件审判 2.为了落实司法便民，检察院开设了网上举报、申诉和信息查询系统，法院实现网上预约立案和电子签章，公民对国家机关实行网上监督收效明显。关于网络技术在法治建设中的作用，下列哪一选项是不正确的？ A.社会主义法治理念的落实要与现代科学技术的发展相结合 B.社会主义法治理念的落实也体现于对网络依法进行管理 C.司法机关是否贯彻社会主义法治理念，其衡量的根本指标即是否采用现代科技手段 D.司法机关采用网络技术落实司法便民，是在工作中做到执法为民的具体表现 3.社会主义法治理念的核心内容是“依法治国”。关于“依法治国”，下列哪一选项是错误的？ A.依法治国以国家法律体系的健全、完善、规范、系统、协调为必要条件 B.依法治国依赖于法制完备，法律健全完备了，法治就实现了 C.依法治国应当树立宪法法律的权威 D.依法治国的实现，必须以规范和制约公权力为前提，做到职权法定、有权必有责、用 第一部分函数的概念及表示方法 函数的定义域、值域 1．（2010 广东文数） 2. 函数 f (x) lg( x 1)的定义域是 A. (2, ) B. (1, ) C. [1, ) D. [2, ) 解：x 1 0，得x 1，选 B. 2．（2010湖北文数） 5.函数y 1 log (4x 3) 0.5 的定义域为 A.( 3 4 ,1) B( 3 4 ,∞) C（1，+∞） D. ( 3 4 ,1)∪（1，+∞） 3．（2010湖北文数） 3.已知函数 f (x) l og x,x 0 3 x 2 ,x 0 ，则 1 f ( f ( )) 9 A.4 B. 【答案】 B 1 4 C.-4 D- 1 4 【解析】根据分段函数可得 1 1 f ( ) lo g 2 ，则 3 9 9 1 1 2 f ( f ( )) f ( 2) 2 ， 9 4 所以 B 正确. x 4．（2010 重庆文数）（4）函数y 16 4 的值域是 （A）[0, ) （B）[0, 4] （C）[0, 4) （D）(0, 4) x x x 解析： 4 0, 0 16 4 16 16 4 0, 4 x 5．（2010山东文数）(3)函数 f x log 2 3 1 的值域为 A. 0, B. 0, C. 1, D. 1, 答案：A 6．（2010 天津文数）（10）设函数 2 g(x) x 2(x R) ， f (x) { g(x) x 4,x g ( x ), g(x) x,x g (x). 则 f (x) 的值域是 （A ） 9 4 ,0 (1, ) （B ）[0, ) （C ） 9 [ , ) 4 （D ） 9 4 ,0 (2, ) 【答案】 D 【解析】 本题主要考查函数分类函数值域的基本求法， 属于难 题。 依 题 意 知 f (x) 2 2 x 2 (x 4), x x 2 2 2 x 2 x, x x 2 ， f (x) 2 x x x 2, 1或 2 2 x 2 x, 1 x 2 7．（2010 浙江理数）（10）设函数的集合 1 1 P f (x) log (x a) b a ,0, ,1; b 1,0,1 ， 平 面 上 点 的 集 合 2 2 2 1 1 Q (x, y) x ,0, ,1; y 1,0,1 ，则在同一直角坐标系中， P 中函数 f (x) 的图 2 2 象 恰．好．经 过 Q 中两个点的函数的个数是 （A ）4 （B ）6 （C ）8 （D ）10 解析： 当 a=0,b=0;a=0,b=1;a= 1 2 ,b=0; a= 1 2 ,b=1;a=1,b=-1;a=1,b=1 时满足题意， 故答案选 B ， 本题主要考察了函数的概念、定义域、值域、图像和对数函数的相关知识点，对数学素养 有较高要求，体现了对能力的考察，属中档题 精心整理 2010年考研数学一真题 一、选择题（18小题，每小题4分，共32分。下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是符合题目要求的。） (1)极限 (C) 这是一个“”型极限 【方法二】 原式 而 (等价无穷小代换) 则 【方法三】 对于“”型极限可利用基本结论：若,,且 则,求极限 由于 则 【方法四】 综上所述，本题正确答案是C。 设函数由方程确定，其中,则。 (A)(B) (C)(D) 【答案】B。 【解析】 因为, 所以 设为正整数，则反常积分的收敛性仅与(B)仅与的取值有关与的取值都有关与的取值都无关 和时无界 在反常积分中，被积函数只在时无界。由于， 已知反常积分收敛，则也收敛。 在反常积分中，被积函数只在时无界，由于 (洛必达法则) 取任何正整数，反常积分收敛。 综上所述，本题正确答案是 (4) (A) (C)(D) 【答案】D。 综上所述，本题正确答案是C。 【考点】高等数学—多元函数积分学—二重积分与三重积分的概念、性质、计算和应用 (5)设为矩阵，为矩阵，为阶单位矩阵，若 ,则 (A)秩秩(B)秩秩 (C)秩秩(D)秩秩 【答案】A。 因为为阶单位矩阵，知 另一方面，为矩阵，为矩阵，又有 可得秩秩 设为且若则 (A) (C)(D) 【答案】D。 【解析】 由知，那么对于推出来 所以的特征值只能是 再由是实对称矩阵必有，而是的特征值，那么由,可知D正确 设随机变量的分布函数,则 (B) (C)(D) 【答案】C 综上所述，本题正确答案是C。 【考点】概率论与数理统计—随机变量及其分布—随机变量分布函数的概念及其性质 (8)设为标准正太分布的概率密度，为上均匀分布得 概率密度，若 2010年 本部分包括言语表达与理解两方面的内容。请根据题目要求，在四个选项中选出一个最恰当的答案。 请开始答题： 1.家庭是社会生产和生活的一个基本单位。家庭收入和支出的_______，是反映家庭经济水平的一个重要 _____________。 A.数量原则 B.渠道因素 C.模式指标 D,状况侧面 规格、标准。所以本题选C。其他三项均不符合逻辑，排除。 2．音乐是声音中最早进入电影的一个艺术________，它向来以擅长表现感情、_______气氛而收到编创人员的喜爱。 A.环节烘托 B.元素 C.手段打造 D.形式 3．郭店《老子》的文字考释工作主要是由湖北省荆门市博物馆进行的，其成果《郭店楚墓竹》一书已成为各科学者进一步研究的基础，这充分证明其工作是__________的。此后，又有不少学者对该书有所补充，有所_________。 A.有条不紊借鉴 B.有目共睹 C.独树一帜讨论 D.卓有成效 4．苏东坡成全了黄州，黄州也成全了苏东坡，这实在是一种_______的有趣关系。东坡写于黄州的那些杰作，既宣告着黄州进入了一个新的美学等级，也宣告着东坡进入了一个新的人生阶段，两方面一起______。谁也离不开谁。 A.相辅相成提升 B.水乳交融闻名 C.如影随形升华 D.同舟共济流传 5．这本书虽然以心理学经典理论为基础，但其主要内容都是年轻人非常_________的话题，再加上轻松的语言、丰富的事例，使得年轻人在阅读时总能找到自己的_________。 A.敏感收获 B.熟悉影子 C.热衷答案 D.时髦榜样 6．老舍能写放映北京底层市民生活的《骆驼祥子》，恐怕写不了表现上海工商界行活的《子夜》。大师熟悉的__________也会是有限的，谁也不是全能的。 A.领域 B.话题 C.体裁 D.形象 7．一旦我们把某种东西认为是______的，对于那些熟悉的事物，我们就很难看清他们的真面目，正所谓“只缘身在此山中”。 A.理所当然 B.平淡无奇 C.司空见惯 D.由来已久 8．唐高宗李治在位时期完成的《唐律疏议》是一部极为重要的法典，全面体现了中国古代法律制度的_________、风格和基本特征，成为中华法系的__________法典，对后世及周边国家产生了极为深远的影响。 A.性质权威 B.原则方向 C.水平代表 D.观念指导 2010年高考真题与答案 化学试题 可能用的哦啊的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O16 Na 23 Mg 24 Al 27 S 32 Cl 35.5 Ca 40 Fe 56 Cu 64 Ag 108 I 127 选择题 单项选择题：本题包括7小题，每小题2分，共计14分。每小题只有一个．．．．选项符合题意。 1、化学与能源开发、环境保护、资源利用等密切相关。下列说法正确的是 A ．为提高农作物的产量和质量，应大量使用化肥和农药 B ．绿色化学的核心是应用化学原理对环境污染进行治理 C ．实现化石燃料清洁利用，就无需开发新能源 D ．垃圾是放错地方的资源，应分类回收利用 2、谁是最宝贵的资源之一。下列表述正确的是 A ．2H O 的电子式为 B ．4℃时，纯水的7pH = C ．16 2D O 中，质量数之和是质子数之和的两倍 D ．273101K kP a 、 ，水分之间的平均距离 3．下列离子方程式表达正确的是 A ．用惰性电极电解熔融氯化钠： B ．用氢氧化钠溶液出去铝表面的氧化膜： C ．用稀氢氧化钠吸收二氧化氮： D ．用食醋除去水瓶中的水垢： 4．下列有关物质的性质或应用的说法不正确的是 A ．二氧化硅是生产光纤制品的基本原料 B ．水玻璃可用于生产黏合剂和防火剂 C ．盐析可提纯蛋白质并保持其生理活性 D ．石油分馏可获得乙烯、丙烯和丁二烯 5．设A N 为阿伏伽德罗常数的值，下列叙述正确的是 A ．常温下，1 10.1L mol L -?的43N H N O 溶液中氮原子数为0.2A N B ．1m ol 羟基中电子数为10A N C ．在反应 中，每生成3m ol 2I 转移的电子数为6A N 2010全国各地高考试题及答案大全 一、(15分。每小题3分) 1．下列词语中，加点的字读音全都正确的一组是 A．绚(xuàn)丽丰腴(yú) 倩(qiàn)影乳臭(ch?u)未干 B．赦(sha)免嗜(shì)好逡(qūn)巡弱不禁(jīn)风 C．游说(shuì) 愤懑(man) 逶迤(yí) 不见经传(chuán) D．泅(qiú)渡坍圮(pǐ) 恐吓(xià) 否(pǐ)极泰来 答案：B。（A乳臭(ch?u)未干：臭xiù，气味的总称。身上的奶腥气还没有退尽。对年轻人表示轻蔑的说法。C不见经传(chuán)：传zhuàn，解说经义的文字。经传：指被古人尊崇为典范的著作。经传上没有记载。后常指人没有名声或论述没有根据。D恐吓(xià)：吓xià，使害怕；吓ha，用于复合词或叹词，表示不满。恐吓：威胁人,使害怕;吓唬。亦作“恐赫”，以要挟的话或手段威胁人。） 2．下列词语中，没有错别字的一组是 A．风靡吻颈之交自诩一筹莫展B．寒碜礼尚往来偿试杀一儆百 C．端倪改弦更章虐杀原形毕露D．肆意淋漓尽致编撰理屈词穷 答案：D。（A、吻（刎）颈之交：【解释】刎颈：割脖子；交：交情，友谊。比喻可以同生死、共患难的朋友。【出自】《史记·廉蔺相如列传》：“卒相与欢，为刎颈之交。”【近义词】患难之交【语法】偏正式；作宾语；含褒义B、偿（尝）试：试一试；试验；试探。C、改弦更章（张）：【解释】更：改换；张：给乐器上弦。改换、调整乐器上的弦，使声音和谐。比喻改革制度或变更计划、方法。【出自】《汉书·董仲舒传》：“窃譬之琴瑟不调，甚者必解而更张之，乃可鼓也。”【近义词】改弦易辙、改邪归正【反义词】旧调重弹【语法】连动式；作谓语；用于人。） 3．下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一项是 A．想当初，慈禧太后的陵寝造得多么坚固，曾几何时，还是禁不住军阀孙殿英的火药爆破，落了个一片狼藉。 B．导演冯小刚把《集结号》中最重要的角色给了谷志鑫，其他演员几乎成了举重若轻的人物。 C．上届冠军挪威队以全胜战绩出线，表现十分出色，其卫冕雄心及雄厚实力令人刮目相看。 D．露卡在美国算是穷人，经常得到政府机构的接济和帮助，但她并不总是拾人牙慧，而是主动为社会做些好事。 答案：A.曾几何时【解释】曾：曾经；几何：若干、多少。才有多少时候。指没过多久。【近义词】稍纵即逝、转瞬之间、弹指之间【反义词】遥遥无期、久而久之、天长地久【语法】偏正式；作分句；指时间过去不久。“曾几何时”语出唐代韩愈的《东都遇春》，诗中有两句为“尔来曾几时，白发忽满镜”。后用“曾几何时”指时间过去没有多久，其中“曾”是“曾经”的意思，“几何”意为“多少”。这个成语在后来的诗文中多有运用。如宋?王安石《祭盛侍郎文》：“补官扬州，公得谢归。曾几何时，讣者来门。”宋?赵彦端《新荷叶》：“回首分携，光风冉冉菲菲。曾几何时，故山疑梦还非。”结合解释，我们知道“曾几何时”指得是“过去到现在比较短的一个时间段”。对这个词语我们要把握住两点，一是它指“过去”，二是表示“时间短”，运用时这两条件缺一不可。（B、举重若轻【解释】举起沉重的东西像是在摆弄轻的东西。比喻能力强，能够轻松地胜任繁重的工作或处理困难的问题。【出自】清·赵翼《瓯北诗话·苏东坡诗》二：“坡诗不尚雄杰一派，其绝人处，在乎议论英爽，笔锋精锐，举重若轻，读之似不甚用力，而力已透十分。”【近义词】精明强干、轻而易举、游刃有余。【反义词】心余力绌、力不胜任、力不从心。【语法】主谓式；作谓语、宾语、状语；含褒 2010年度国家公务员录用考试《行政职业能力测验》 第五部分常识判断 （共25题，参考时限10分钟） 根据题目要求，在四个选项中选出一个最恰当的答案。 请开始答题： 116．关于新中国成立60周年取得的成就，下列说法不正确的是： A．截至2008年底，我国已成为世界第三大经济体 B．截至2008年底，我国进出口贸易总额已跃居世界第一 C．2008年我国国民平均受教育年限已提高到8.7年，相当于初中文化程度 D．我国人均期望寿命由新中国成立前的不足40岁上升到70多岁 117．改革开放以来，我国主要区域政策经历了不同的阶段：①以经济特区为重心的沿海地区优先发展阶段； ②以缩小区域差距为导向的西部大开发阶段；③以浦东开发为龙头的沿江沿边地区重点发展阶段；④以区域协调发展为导向的共同发展阶段。这四个阶段按时间顺序排列应为： A．①②③④ B．②①③④ C．①③②④ D．②③①④ 118．关于我国重大工程与建设项目，下列说法不正确的是： A．2006年全线通车的青藏铁路是目前世界上海拔最高的铁路 B．“嫦娥一号”是中国自主研发的首个月球探测卫星 C．三峡工程是目前世界上建筑规模最大的水利工程 D．2008年建成通车的杭州湾跨海大桥是目前世界上最长的桥梁 119．下列关于国际组织的表述不正确的是： A．石油输出国组织通过实行石油生产配额限制维护石油生产国利益 B．博鳌亚洲论坛是第一个总部设在中国的国际会议组织 C．蒙古国是上海合作组织的成员国之一 D．国际货币基金组织是联合国的专门机构 120．在经济衰退时期，有利于扩大内需的政策措施是：A．降低税率 B．提高利率 C．缩减财政支出 D．提高存款准备金率 121．衡量一个国家经济总量的指标不包括： A．国民总收入 B．货币总量 C．国内生产总值 D．外汇储备 122．下列关于中国近现代史上的事件表述不正确的是：A．北洋水师是19世纪末中国建立的第一支近代海军舰队B．日军在东北发动的“七七事变”标志着全面侵华战争的开始C．第五次反“围剿”失败后，中国工农红军开始长征 D．中国人民解放军第二炮兵组建于20世纪60年代中期123．关于我国的湖泊，下列叙述正确的是： A．最大的淡水湖在江西 B．最大的咸水湖在西藏 C．海拔最高的湖在新疆 D．海拔最低的湖在四川 124．一艘油轮自科威特港驶往大连，其最短航线为： A．波斯湾→红海→马六甲海峡→南海→黄海→东海 B．波斯湾→阿拉伯海→马六甲海峡→南海→东海→黄海C．红海→阿拉伯海→孟加拉湾→南海→东海→黄海 D．红海→孟加拉湾→马六甲海峡→南海→黄海→东海125．“四书五经”中的“四书”指的是： A．《尚书》《周易》《论语》《孝经》 一、(18分，每小题3分) 1、下列词语中加点字的读音完全相同的一组是 A、解嘲解数善解人意不求其解 B、和面和缓和衷共济随声附和 C、差池差距差额选举差强人意 D、标识识破博闻强识远见卓识 正确答案：C 解析：此题考查的是同音字，A项，“ 解数”的“解”字读xiè ;其他项均读jiě ;B项，“和面”读huó, “随声附和”读hè，其他项均读hé;C项均读chí;D项“标识”和“博闻强识”读zhì,其他项均读shí。 点评：本题和2009年的考题相比，难易程度相当。而且我们在成考辅导中， A、B、D三项的内容全部讲过，考生很容易得出正确答案。 2、下列词语中没有错别字的一组是 A、修葺赡养针炙如火如荼 B、凋教浩瀚焕发以逸待劳 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