2004年职称英语等级考试试题答案及题解理工类(A级)
第l部分：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所
给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的
位置上。
1 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth．
A take out
B break off
C push in
D dig up
2 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September．
A play
B show
C send
D tell
3 This table is strong and durable．
A long-lasting
B extensive
C far-reaching
D eternal
4 He endured great pain before he finally expired
A fired
B resigned
C died
D retreated
5 The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror．
A smiling
B laughing
C shouting
D staring
6 The index is the government’s chief．gauge of future economic activity
A measure
B opinion
C method
D decision
7 It’s sensible to start any exercise program gradually at first．
A workable
B reasonable
C possible
D available
8 A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water．
A boiled
B polluted
C mixed
D sweetened
9 You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position
A maintain
B better
C acquire
D support
10 She stood there，trembling with fear．
A jumping
B crying
C moving
D shaking
11 Medical facilities are being upgraded．
A expanded
B repaired
C improved
D transferred
12 Rock climbing is hazardous
A interesting
B dangerous
C attractive
D useful
13 John is eligible for this job．
A accepted
B recommended
C rejected
D recommended
14 In order to improve our standard of living，we have to accelerate production．
A involve
B decrease
C speed up
D give up
15 Mary looked pale and weary．
A worried
B ugly
C silly
D exhausted
第2部分：阅读判断 (第16~22题，每题1分，共7分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在
答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
Mother Nature Shows Her Strength
Tornadoes(龙卷风)and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into
Trumbull County on Saturday evening．The storms were dramatic and dangerous．
George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel (漏斗状的)cloud was behind him．“I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud．It was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while．It was moving toward
Snyder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern 0hio on Saturday．In Trumbull County，a tornado turned trees onto their sides．Some trees fell onto houses and cars．Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down．
Amanda Sym check was having a party when the storm began．“I knew something was
wrong, ”he said．“I saw the sky go green and pink(粉红色)．Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house．I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection．”
The tornado caused a 10t of damage to cars and houses in the area．It will take a long time and much money to repair everything．There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms．The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes．
The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river．More than four inches of rain fell
in parts of Trumbull County．The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses．Many streets had to be closed to Cars and trucks because of the high water．This made it difficult for fire trucks，police Cars，and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble． Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety．Some people reported five feet of water in their homes．Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuated(撤走)．’The Red Cross served meals to them．“This was a really intense storm，”said Snyder．“People were afraid．Mother Nature can be fierce．We were lucky this time．No one was killed”
16 The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
17 George Snyder was a firefighter．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
18 Amanda Sym check was having a party in the basement when the storm began.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
19 Power supply system was not damaged during the storm．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
20 There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
21 Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
22 Several people were missing during the storm．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项
中为第1--~4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27,-~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选
择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Earth Angels
1 Joying Brescia was 8 years old when she noticed that cigarette butts(烟头)were littering her hometown beach in Isle of Palms，South Carolina．When she learned that it takes five years for the remains of a cigarette to disintegrate，she decided to take action．Joying launched a “No
Butts on the Beach” campaign．She raised money and awareness about the need to keep the beaches dean．With the help of others．Joying also bought or received donations of gallon-size
areas of the beach．The buckets allowed people to dispose of their cigarettes before hitting the
beach．Two years later。Joying says the buckets are fun and the beach is nearly free of cigarette debris(残片)．
2 People who 1ive in or visit Steamboat Springs，Colorado．have Carter Dunham to thank for
a new state wildlife refuge that preserves 20 acres of marshland and many species of wildlife．Carter and other students wrote a management plan for the area around the Yampa River．The plan was part of a class project when Carter was a freshman at Steamboat Springs High Schoo1. Working with the Colorado Division of Wildlife．Carter and his classmates mapped the area and species of animals living there．They also made decisions about．among other things。where fences and parking areas should be built．
3 Barbara Brown and her friends collect oil．It started as a project for their 4H Club after one
of the girls noticed her father using motor oil to kill weeds on their farm in Victoria。Texas．They did some research and discovered that oil can contaminate ground water--a real danger in rural areas．where people live off the water on their 1and．The girls researched ways to recycle oil and
worked with a local oil-recycling company on the issue．Now．the“Don’t Be Crude”program runs oil．collection sites--tanks that hold up to 460 gallons--where people in the community can
dispose of their oil．
4 Five years ago．11-year-old Ryan Hreljac was a little boy with a big dream：for all the people in Africa to have clean drinking water．His dream began in the first grade when he
1earned that people were dying because they didn’t have clean water，and that as 1ittle as$70 could build a well．“We really take water for granted，”says Ryan，of Kemptville，Ontario，in
Canada．“In other countries．you have to plan for it．”Ryan earned the first$70 by doing extra chores(零工)，but with the help of others，he has since raised hundreds of thousands of dollars．His efforts led to the start of the Ryan’s Well Foundation，which raises money for clean water and health．related services for people in African countries and developing countries．
23 Paragraph 1 24 Paragraph 2
25 Paragraph 3 26 Paragraph 4
A Provide Clean Water
B Dig 0il Wells
C Save Clean Water
D Don’t Litter
E Do n’t Be Crude
F Protect Wildlife
27 Joying placed the buckets at all public-access areas to
28 People are grateful to Carter Dunham for his efforts to
29 Disposed oil and many other items can be reused to
30 Ryan，with the help of others，is fulfilling his dream of help African people to
第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，
从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇Technology Transfer in Germany
When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success．few nations can match Germany．Since the 1 940s．the nation’s vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science．And though German prosperity(繁荣)has faltered(衰
economic decline，it still has an enviable(令人羡慕的)record for turning ideas into profit． Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society，a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought．after technologies．But
today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition．Universities are taking an ever larger role in
technology transfer，and technology parks are springing up all over．These efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies．
Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success．but it is not without its critics．These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science，eventually starving industry of flesh ideas．If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur
(企业家)，the argument goes，then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity．driven，flee and widely available will Suffer．Others claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years．Ⅵmile this debate continues．new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany’s research networks，which bear famous names such as Helmholtz，Max Planck and Leibniz．Yet it is the fourth network，the Fraunhofer Society，that plays the greatest role in technology transfer． Founded in 1949,the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe’s largest organisation for applied technology, and has 59 institutes employing 1 2，000 people．It continues to grow．Last year, it
Swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin．Today, there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia．
31 What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?
A Technology transfer．
B Good management
C Hard work．
D Fierce competition
32 Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?
A It is free．
B It is profit—driven．
C It is widely available．
D It is curiosity —driven．
33 The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology in
A Asia．
B USA．
C Europe．
D Africa．
34 When was the Fraunhofer Society founded?
A In 1940.
B Last year．
C After the unification．
D In 1949.
35 The word “expertise’’ in line 3 could be best replaced by
A “experts”．
B “scientists”．．
C “scholars”．
D “special knowledge”．
第二篇 Superconductor Ceramic(陶瓷)
An underground revolution begins this winter．with the flip(轻击)of a switch，30，000 homes in one part of Detroit will soon become the first in the country to receive electricity transmitted by ice．cold high．performance cables．Other American cities are expected to follow Detroit’s example in the years ahead．which could conserve enormous amounts of power．
The new electrical cables at the Frisbie power station in Detroit are revolutionary because they are made of superconductors．A superconductor is a material that transmits electricity with little or no resistance．Resistance is the degree to which a substance resists electric current．All common electrical conductors have a certain amount of electrical resistance．They convert at least some of the electrical energy passing through them into waste heat．Superconductors don’t·
Making superconductors isn’t easy．A superconductor material has to be cooled to an
extremely low temperature to 10se its resistance．The first superconductors，made more than 50
years ago，had to be cooled to一263 degrees Celsius before they lost their resistance．Newer superconducting materials 10se their resistance at一143 degrees Celsius．
The superconductors cable installed at the Frisbie station is made of a ceramic material that contains copper．oxygen．bismuth(铋)。strontium(锶)．and calcium(钙)．A ceramic is a hard．strong compound made from clay or minerals．The superconducting ceramic has been fashioned into a tape that is wrapped lengthwise around a long tube filled with liquid nitrogen．Liquid nitrogen is supercold and lowers the temperature of the ceramic tape to the point where it
conveys electricity with zero resistance．
The United States loses an enormous amount of electricity each year to resistance．Because cooled superconductors have no resistance．they waste much less power．0ther cities are watching the Frisbie experiment in the hope that they might switch to superconducting cable and conserve power．too．
36 What is the benefit of the revolution mentioned in the first paragraph?
A With a flip of swish．electricity can be transmitted．
B Other American cities can benefit from the high·performance cables．
C Great amounts of power can be conserved．
D Detroit will first receive electricity transmitted by the new electrical cables
37 Compared to common electrical conductors，superconductors
A have little or no electrical resistance．
B Can be used for along time．
C are not energy-efficient．
D can be made easily．
38 At what temperature does the superconducting ceramic lose its resistance?
A-143 degree Celsius． B一263 degree Celsius．
C As long as it is ice-cold．
D Absolute zero．
39 What element enables the ceramic tape to lower its temperature?
A Copper．
B Liquid nitrogen．．
C Clay．
D Calcium．
40 According to the last paragraph，which of the following statements is NOT true?
A Other cities hope they Can also conserve power．
B Other cities hope they Can use superconducting cables soon．
C Superconductors waste less power because of their low resistance．
D The Fribie experiment is not successful．
第三篇The Science of the Future
Until recently，the“science of the future”was supposed to be electronics and artificial intelligence．Today it seems more and more likely that the next great breakthroughs in technology will be brought through a combination Of those two sciences with organic chemistry and genetic engineering．This combination is the science of biotechnology．
Organic chemistry enables us to produce marvelous synthetic(合成的)materials．However, it is still difficult to manufacture anything that has the capacity of wool to conserve heat and also
tO absorb moisture．Nothing that we have been able to produce so far comes anywhere near the combination of strength．1ightness and flexibility that we find in the bodies of ordinary insects． Nevertheless．scientists in the laboratory have already succeeded in“growing”a material
and
eyes”which can replace diseased organs in human beings．These will not be rejected by the body, as is the case with organs from humans．
The application of biotechnology to energy production seems even more promising．In 1996 the famous science．fiction writer，Arthur C．Clarke，many of whose previous predictions have come true。said that we may soon be able to develop remarkably cheap and renewable sources of energy．Some of these power sources will be biological．Clarke and others have warned us repeatedly that sooner or later we will have to give up our dependence on non-renewable power sources．Coal，oil and gas are indeed convenient．However，using them also means creating dangerously high levels of pollution．It will be impossible to meet the growing demand for energy without increasing that pollution to catastrophic(灾难性的)levels unless we develop power sources that are both cheaper and cleaner．
It is attempting to think that biotechnology or some other “science of the future” can solve
our problems．Before we surrender to that temptation we should remember nuclear power．Only a
few generations ago it seemed to promise limitless，cheap and safe energy．Today those promises 1ie buried in a concrete grave in a place called Chernobyl，in the Ukraine．Biotechnology is unlikely．however, to break its promises in quite the same or such a dangerous way．
41 According to the passage，the science of the future is likely to be
A electronics．
B biotechnology．
C genetic engineering．
D nuclear technology．
42 Organic chemistry helps to produce materials that are
A as good as w001.
B as good as an insect’s body．
C not as good as natural materials．
D better than natural materials．
43 According to the．passage，it may soon be possible
A to make something as good as human skin．
B to produce drugs without side effects．
C to transplant human organs．
D to make artificial hearts and eyes．
44 In 1996. Arthur C．Clarke predicted that
A biological power sources would be put into use soon．
B oil，gas and coal could be repeatedly used in the future．
C dependence on non—renewable power sources would be reduced soon
D the Chernobyl disaster would happen in two years．
45 What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A Biotechnology can solve all our future energy problems．
B Biological power is cheaper than nuclear power．
C Biological power may not be as dangerous as nuclear power
D Biological power will keep all its promises．
第5部分：补全短文 (第46—50题，每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择
5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位
置上。
Why Would They Falsely Confess?
Why on earth would an innocent person falsely confess to committing a crime? To most people，it just doesn’t seem logical．But it is logical，say experts。if you understand what call
Under the right conditions，people’s minds are susceptible(易受影响的)to influence，and the pressure put on suspects during police questioning is enormous． (46)“The pressure is important to understand，because otherwise it's impossible to understand why someone would say he did something he didn’t do．The answer is：to put all end to an uncomfortable situation that will continue until he does confess．
Developmental psychologist Mary Redlich recently conducted a laboratory study to determine how likely people are to confess to things they didn’t do. (47)the researchers then intentionally crashed the computers and accused the participants of hitting “alt” key to see if they would sign a statement falsely taking responsibility．Redlich’s findings clearly demonstrate how easy it can be to get people to falsely
59 percent of the young adults in the experiment immediately confessed. (48) Of
the 15-to 16-year-olds，72 percent signed confessions，as
13-year-olds．
“There’s no question that young people are more at risk，”says Saul Kassin，a psychology professor at Williams College，who has done similar studies with similar . (49)
Both Kassin and Redlich note that the entire ‘‘interrogation”in their experiments consisted of a simple accusation-not hours of aggressive questioning--and still，most participants falsely decision．”
(50)“In some ways，”says Kassin，“false confession becomes a rational
A In her experiment，participants were seated at computers and told not to hit the“alt” key, because doing So would crash the systems．
B Because of the stress of a police interrogation，they conclude，suspects can become
convinced that falsely confessing is the easiest way out of a bad situation．
C “It’s a little like somebody’s working on them with a dental(牙齿) drill,” says Franklin Zimring，a law professor at the University of California at Berkeley．
D“But the baseline is that adults are highly vulnerable too．”
E The court found him innocent and he was released．
F Redlich also found that the younger the participant，the more likely a false confession．第6部分：完形填空 (第51--~65题，每题1分，共15分)
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从
4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
The Greatest Mystery Of Whales
The whale is a warm-blooded，air-breathing animal，giving birth to its young alive，sucking them--and，like all mammals，originated on land．There are many
front flippers(鳍状肢)，used for steering and stability, are traces of feet．
(51)of this．Its
Immense strength is——(52)into the great body of the big whales，and in fact most
of a whale’s body is one gigantic muscle．The blue whale’s pulling strength has been estimated (53)400 horsepower．One specimen was reported to have towed(拖)a whaling
vessel for seven hours at the (54) of eight knot (节).
An angry whale will (55) A famous example of this was the fate of
Whaler Essex, (56)was sunk off the coast of South America early in the last century．More recently, steel ships have (57)their plates buckled(使弯曲)in the same way．Sperm whales(抹香鲸)were known to seize the old-time whaleboats in their jaws and crush Them.
Bottom for his (59)food，the octopus(章鱼)．In that search he is known to go as far Down as 3,200 feet, where the． (60)is 1,400 pounds，to a square inch．Doing so he Will (61)underwater long as one hour．Two special skills are involved in this storing up enough (62)(all whales are air—breathed)and tolerating the great change in pressure．Just how he does it scientists have not (63)．It is believed that some of
the oxygen is stored in a special (64)of blood vessels，rather than just held in the
lungs．And it is believed that a special kind of oil in his head is some sort of compensating mechanism that (65)adjusts the internal pressure of his body．But since you can’t
bring a live whale into the laboratory for study, no one knows just how these things work．
51 A aspects B signs C ways D reasons
52 A worked B divided C built D moved
53 A at B in C of D with
54A number B degree C distance D rate
55A abandon B attack C leave D board
56A as B who C which D t}1at
57A had B operated C Seen D caught
58A interest B job C danger D mystery
59A favorite B fast C new D sufficient
60A depth B pressure C level D size
61A set B become C remain D rest ．
62A heat B energy C food D oxygen
63A witnessed B determined C applied D calculated
64A system B place C arrangement D equipment
65A mentally B artificially C manually D automatically
2004年职称英语等级考试
理工类（A）答案
1．A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.D
11.C 12.B 13.B 14.C 15.D 16．B 17．A 18．B 19．B 20．C
21．A 22．C23．D 24．F 25．E 26．A 27．E 28．B 29．A 30．D
31．A 32．B 33．C 34．D 35．D 36．C 37．A 38．A 39．B 40．D
41．B 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．C 46．C 47．A 48．F 49．D 50．B
51．B 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．B 56．C 57．A 58．D 59．A 60．B 61．C 62．D 63．B 64．A 65．D
2004年职称英语等级考试
理工类(A级)题解
第l部分：词汇选项
1．答案为A。extract a tooth是“拔牙”的意思，在四个选项中只有take out可以替代。
2．答案为B。句子的意思是“九月份经济继续呈现衰退的迹象”，和exhibit 同义的只有show。是最佳答案。
3．答案为A。durable：耐用的，long—lasting：持久的。画线词与选项A意思相同，可互换，故A为正确答案。
4．答案为C。expire的意思是“断气”，即“死了”，与选项C意思相同，故C为答案。
6．答案为A。gauge的意思是“估计，精确测量”。选项A(measure)的意思是“测量”，与画线词意思相近，故A为答案。
7．答案为B。sensible的意思是“明智的”，与选项B(reasonable)意思相同，所以选B。
8．答案为B。contaminated在这里是形容词，意思是“被污染的，弄脏的”，选项B(polluted) 的意思也是“被污染的”，两者意思相同，故选B。
9．答案为A。sustain在这里的意思是“继续保持”，与动词maintain意思相同。sustain one's position的意思是“继续保持自己的职位”。
10．答案为D。题句的意思是，他站在那儿，害怕地发抖。tremble是一“战栗，颤抖”的意思，与选项D意思相同，故选D。
11．答案为C。题句的意思是：医疗设备正在更新。upgrade的意思是“升级，更新”，与
improve(改善)意思相近，故C为正确答案。
12．答案为B。hazardous的意思是“危险的”，与dangerous意思相同，故B为正确答案。
13．答案为B。eligible的意思是“合格的，有资格当选的”，与选项B意思相同，故B为答案。
14．答案为c。accelerate的意思是“加速”，与speed up意思相同，故选C。
15．答案为D。本句的意思是：Mary看上去面色苍白，浑身无力。weary的意思是“疲倦的，萎靡的”，与exhausted意思相近，故选D。
第2部分：阅读判断
16．答案为B。本题的意思是：星期六傍晚，Trumbull县天气很好。题句意思与原文相反。
原文第一段上来就讲到当时龙卷风和暴风雨滚滚而来。
17．答案为A。本题的意思是：George Snyder是_位消防员。原文虽然没有直说他是干什么的，但提到他正开着消防车(fire truck)，由此可以推断他是消防员。
18．答案为B。本题可译为：暴风雨来临时Amanda Symcheck与别人正在地下室里聚会。
原文是说他们正在聚会，但没说在地下室里聚会。而是说暴风雨来临后，他们跑到地
下室里躲藏。
19．答案为B。本题可译为：暴风雨中供电系统没遭到破坏。第五段最后一句说大风和暴雨使一些家庭的供电出现了问题，与题项矛盾，故选B。
20·答案为C，o，本题可译为：一百年来，Trumbull还没有遇到过这么大的暴风雨呢。此句的意思文章中根本没有提到，故选C。
21·答案为 A．。本题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此句的意思在倒数第三段最后一句提到了，故选A。’
22．答案为C。本题可译为：暴风雨中有几个人失踪了。此句的意思文章中没有提到，故选C。
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
23·答案为D。本文的标题是“地球的天使”，主题是环保，介绍的是几个孩子如何以自弓的行动来从事环保事业。第一段主要介绍Joying Brescia这个8岁的孩子是怎样从
妻环仔工作的。细节内容是，她发现很多人在海滩上丢烟头，便筹集钱买来很多塑料
桶，放在海滩上，提醒人们把烟头扔进桶里。选项D(Don’t Litter)的意思是不要乱
扔垃圾，概括了这段的意思，作为第一段的小标题最合适，故选D。
24·答寨为F。第二段主要讲一名叫Carter Dunham的孩子和他的伙伴如何保护一片湿地孕其里面的珍奇动物的事情。选项F的意思是“保护野生动物”，正好概括了这段的
意思，所以选F。
25·答案为E。第三段主要讲一个名叫Barbara Brow的女孩和她的朋友发现废弃的油污对土地污染严重，提醒人们不要随便丢弃油污。原文中的“Don”t Be Crude“就是这个意
思，与选项E相同，故选E。
其他方式筹来的钱，成立的“水井基金”(Well Foundation)，帮助非洲人喝上干净的
水。选项A(Provide Clean Water)的意思是“提供清洁的水”，与本段主题一致，故选A。
27·答案为E。此旬问的是Joying把一些桶放在公共场所的目的是什么?结合第一段的意思，我们知道这些桶是用来收集烟蒂的，故选E。
28·弩塞为B。此句问的是人们感谢Carter Dunham所做的什么努力?第二段谈到的是他为保护湿地和野生动物作出了自己的贡献，故选B。
29．答案为A。本句问的是废弃的油回收后可以用来干什么?第三段给出了答案：制作新的东西。因此选A。
30．答案为D。本句问的是Ryan和他的朋友一起帮助非洲人们实现什么梦想?第四段的主题是谈让他们喝上干净的水，故D为答案。
第4部分：阅读理解
31．正确答案为A。答案在第一段可以找到，该段的最后一句话it still has an enviable record
for turning ideas into profit是该段的总结，明确指出了德国的繁荣归功于技术的转换。32．正确答案为B。答案可以在第三段里找到，这里段里有这样一句话：打traditional principles of university research being curiosity．driven，free and widely available will suffer，传磊的
大学科研原则有三个特点，惟独没有profit．driven，即受利益驱动。
33．正确答案为C。答案在最后一段里讲得很清楚。
34．正确答案为D。答案在最后一段的第一句话里。，
35．正确答案为D。expertise是特殊领域的知识和学问的意思，另外三个选项都用来指人，在这个上下文里根本不合适。
36．正确答案为C。’第一段的最后一句也提供了答案。尽管A、B、D的内容都在第一段中被提及，但不是这场革命所带来的主要利益所在。
37．正确答案为A。第二段的第二句和第四句提供了明确的答案，超导体几乎没有电阻，而普通导体都有一定量的电阻，故选A。
38．正确答案为A。题句的意思是：在什么温度下，超导体失去电阻?第三段最后一句提供了答案。B是50年前第一代超导体的温度数。c和D都不是正确说法。
39．正确答案为B。此题是细节题。第四段第四句提供了答案。A和D中的copper和
calcium是用来制造超导体的陶瓷材料的成分；C中的clay是陶瓷材料的来源。
40．正确答案为D。本题属于判断题。A、B、C三个选项的信息在最后一段中都提到了，只有选项D的意思没提到，所以选D。．
41．正确答案为B。本题问的是未来的科学是属于什么的?第一段最后一句给出了答案，属于生物科技，所以选B。 -
42．正确答案为C。此题为细节题，问的是生物化学能帮助人们生产出什么样的产品?第二段告诉我们，生物化学虽然可以帮助我们生产出新的材料，但这些材料的质量很难
达到天然产品的程度。这就否定了选项A、B、D，只有选项C为正确答案。
43．正确答案为D。本题的答案应在第三段里寻找。这段告诉我们，．生物化学可以帮助我们在未来生产出人工器官，以替代人体中发病的器官。故选项D为正确答案。
44．正确答案为A。本题问的是1996年Arthur’C．Clarke预见到了什么?第四段第二句告诉我们，未来人们可以用上生物能源，故选A。
45．正确答案为C。此题为判断题，问的是读了最后一段获得什么信息?本文最后一段谈到了生物能源会存在问题，又以原子能指出新能源的危害，但作者最后一句却暗示新
的生物能源不像原子能那样危险，故选Co ．
第5部分：补全短文
46．正确答案为C。这一段谈的是pressure方面的事，请注意在这个空格后面是一段引言，
以考虑的B、C、F三个选项，但从内容上考虑应该选c。
47．正确答案为A。这里填入的部分是对Redlich所做试验的描述，下文又讲到计算机，所以不难选定A。
48．正确答案为F。这一段讲的是Redlich试验的结果，一开始就讲了她的finding。填入的部分里有also这个词，正好接上。而后面的一句话则用更具体的数据来支持她的
结论：越年轻，越可能做假供。
49．正确答案为．D。Saul Kassin同意Redlich的结果，她认为年轻人风险大(more at risk)，但同时她又认为成年人也十分脆弱(vulnerable)。
50．正确答案为B。由于在审讯过程中受到的压力，许多人认为做假供是一种摆脱厄境的方法，因此也是一种合理的决定。’
第6部分：完形填空
51．答案为B。第一段讲到鲸鱼很像陆地上的哺乳动物，最后一句举了一些例子来说明这一点。sign的意思是“符号，特征”，鲸鱼具有陆地上哺乳动物的一些特征，故选B。52．答案为c。something is built into…的意思是“把……装(建、插)入……”，这里指鲸鱼生有巨大的气力。其他几个选项意思上讲不通。
53．答案为A。只能用介词at，不能用其他介词。
54．答案为D。rate表示“速度”，从上下文来讲，选D意思才讲得通。
55．答案为B。此题亦必须根据上下文的意思来推测选哪个词。鲸鱼被惹怒后会攻击船只，所以选B。
56．答案为C。这里是一非限定性定语从句，关系代词作主语，用which，故选C。
57．答案为A。have + something+过去分词是一固定结构，此处只能选A。
58．答案为D。本题所在句子为该段主题句，谈的是鲸鱼的潜水能力。鲸鱼的潜水能力很强，能下潜到很深的地方，科学家们不解，所以说是个迷，故选D。
59．答案为A。虽然本题的几个选项都能与food搭配，但从上下文意思来讲，只有A正确。
60．答案为B。空格后面的名词是pound，重量单位，据此可以判断选B，因为其他几个选项不能和pound搭配。
61．答案为C。呆在水下要用动词remain，其他几个动词放入空格处意思讲不通。
62．答案为D。此题也必须在读懂上下文意思的基础上才能作出判断，这里指鲸鱼聚集氧气，故选D。
63．答案为B。上文谈到鲸鱼为什么能够在水下承受巨大的压力，科学家们还没有找到答案。选项中的deterrmine的意思是“确定”，此词放入空格处意思讲得通，其他几个选
项讲不通，故选B。
64．答案为A。special虽然和几个选项都能搭配使用，但只有选项A意思上讲得通，故A 为正确答案。
65．答案为D。此题亦需根据上下文的意思作出判断。automatically的意思是“自动地”。
2005年职称英语等级考试理工类(A级)试题
第1部分：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所
给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的
位置上。
1 These are their Motives for doing it．
A. reasons B excuses C answers D plans
2 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west．
A. twists
B. stretches
C. broadens
D. bends
3 Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs
A. abuse
B. flavor
C. temptation
D. consumption
4 These programmes are of immense value to old people
A natural
B fatal
C tiny
D enormous
5 A great deal has been done to remedy the situation．
A.maintain
B.improve
C.assess D protect
6 John is collaborating with Mary in writing an article．
A cooperating
B competing
C combining
D arguing
7 He is determined to conso1idate his power
A strengthen
B control
C abandon
D exercise
8 Many scientists have been probing psychological problems．
A solving
B exploring
C settling
D handling
9 Hearing problems may be alleviated by changes in diet and exercise habits．
A removed
B cured
C worsened
D relieved
10 Allthe cars are tested for defects before leaving the factory
A functions
B faults
C motions
D parts
11 The food is insufficient for three people．
A instant
B infinite
C inexpensive
D inadequate
12 Thousands of people perished in the storm
A died
B suffered
C floated
D scattered
13 But in the end he approved of our proposal．
A undoubtedly
B certainly
C ultimately
D necessarily
14 For young children，getting dressed is a complicated business．
A strange
B complex
C personal
D funny
15 In Britain and many other countries appraisal is now a tool of management．
A evaluation
B pruduction
C efficiency
D publicity
第2部分：阅读判断 (第1 6～22题，每题1分，共7分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个甸子做出判断。
如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在
答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
Mad Scientist Stereotype Outdated
Do people still imagine a physicist as a bearded man in glasses or has the image of the mad scientist changed? The Institute of Physics set out to find out whether the stereotype of a physics ‘boffin’(科学家)still exists by conducting a survey on shoppers in London．The people were asked to identify the physicist from a photograph of a line-up of possible suspects．98 percent
those asked got it wrong．The majority of people picked a white male of around 60，wearing glasses and with a white beard．
While this stereotype may have been the image of all average physicist fifty years ago，the reality is now very different Since 1960 the number of young women entering physics has doubled and the average age of a physicist is now 31．
The stereotype of the absent-minded scientist has lasted a long time because the media and Hollywood help promote the image of men in white lab coats with glasses sitting by blackboards full of equations(等式)or working with fizzing(嘶嘶响)test tubes．These stereotypes are really damaging to society．Very good school children are put off studying science because they don’t see people like themselves on television or in magazines doing science．They simply don’t relate to the media’s image of the mad scientist．
This is one reason why fewer young people are choosing to do science at university．If we want to encourage more young people to study science subjects，we need to change this image of the scientist and make science careers more attractive．But we must also develop children’s interest in science．
In an attempt to change this negative image，an increasing number of science festivals are being organized．Thousands of people from secondary schools are also encouraged to take part in the internationwide science competitions of which the most popular are the national science Olympiads．Winning national teams then get the opportunity to take part in the International Science Olympiads which are held in a different county every year．These events are all interesting for the young people who take part but they only involve a small proportion of students who are already interested in science．It seems that there is a long way to go before science becomes attractive as subjects like computer studies or fashion and design．
16 Most people have similar ideas of what a physicist looks like．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
17 The majority of physicists in Britain today are Cambridge graduates
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
18 The media and the cinema have played a role in promoting the image of the mad scientist．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
19 There will be more women scientists than men scientists in the future
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
20 More children will study science if it becomes more attractive．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
21 The image of the mad scientist is really encouraging to society．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
22 The International Science Olympiads are held once every two years．
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第2卜30题，每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Cloning(克隆)：Future Perfect?
1 A clone is all exact copy of a plant or animal produced from any one cell. Since Scottish scientists reported that they had managed to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1997，research into cloning has grown rapidly．In May 1998，scientists in Massachusetts managed to create two identical
over cloning humans really started when Chicago physicist Richard Seed made a surprising announcement：“We will have managed to clone a human being within the next two years，”he told the world．
2 Seed’S announcement provoked a lot of media attention，most of it negative．In Europe，nineteen nations have already signed an agreement banning human cloning and in the US the President announced：”We will be introducing a law to ban all human cloning and many states in
the US will have passed anti-cloning laws by the end of the year．’’
3 Many researchers are not so negative about cloning，They are worried that laws banning human cloning will threaten important research．In March，The New England Journal of Medicine called any plan to ban research on cloning humans seriously mistaken．Many researchers also believe that in spite of attempts to ban it，human cloning will have become routine by 2010 because it is impossible to stop the progress of science．
4 Is there reason to fear that cloning will lead to a nightmare world? The public has been bombarded(轰炸)with newspaper articles，television shows and films，as well as cartoons．Such information is often misleading，and makes people wonder what on earth the scientists will be doing next．
5Within the next five to ten years scientists will probably have found a way of cloning humans.
It could be that pretty soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our child to look like．But how would it feel to be a clone among hundreds，the anti-cloners ask．Pretty cool, answer the pr-cloners(赞成克隆的人)．
第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容
从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第一篇
More Than a Ride to School
The National Education Association claims．“The school bus is a mirror of the community．”They further add that，unfortunately, what appears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community．They are right--sometimes it reflects more! Just ask Liesl Denson. Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for Liesl．
Bruce Hardy．school bus driver for Althouse BUS Company has been Liesl’s bus driver since kindergarten．Last year when Liesl’s family moved to Parkesburg，knowing her bus went by her new residence。she requested to ride the same bus
This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus．She says，”It’s been a
great ride so far! My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a good listener．Sometimes when you’re a child adults do not think that what you have to say is important．Mr.Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important．’’Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree．
Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975. This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus Company，Larry Althouse，president of the company, acknowledges Bruce Hardy’s outstanding record：“You do not come by employees like Bruce these days. He has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving record．He was recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350,000 accident free miles．Hardy’s reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with
the students that ride his bus．”
Althouse further adds，‘‘Althouse Bus Company was established 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since．My grandfather started the business with one bus．Althouse Bus Company is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quality service for
many more years to come．’’
Three generations of business is not all the company has enjoyed．Thanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy，they have been building relationships through generations，Liesl’s mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardy’s bus to the Octorara School District．
31 The word“mirror'’in the first line could be best replaced by
A ‘‘vehicle”．
B ‘‘device”．
C “need”
D “reflection”．
32 Bruce Hardy has been working with Althouse Bus Company
A for 30 years．
B for 70 years．
C since last year．
D since 2000
33 Which of the following statements is NOT true of Bruce Hardy?
A He is popular with his passengers．
B He has never missed a day of work．
C He is an impatient person
D He has driven 350.000 accident free miles．
34 Althouse Bus Company was founded by
A Larry Althouse．
B Althouse’s grandfather
C Liesl’s mother
D Ashley Batista．
A employing young drivers
B running quality schools．
C providing free driving lessons
D building sound relationships．
第二篇
A Phone That Knows You’re Busy
It’s a modern problem：you’re too busy to be disturbed by incessant(连续不断的)phone calls so you turn your cellphone off .But if you don’t remember to turn it back on when you’re less busy．you could miss some important calls if only the phone knew when it was wise to interrupt you，you wouldn’t have to turn it off at all. Instead，it could let calls through when you
are not too busy
A bunch of behavior sensors(传感器)and a clever piece of software could do just that，by analyzing your behavior to determine if it’s a good time to interrupt you．If built into a phone，the
system may decide you’re too busy and ask the caller to leave a message or ring back later． James Fogarty and Scott Hudson at Camegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania based their system oil tiny microphones，cameras and touch sensors that reveal body language and activity．First they had to study different behaviors to find out which ones stongly predict whether your mind is interrupted
The potential“busyness”signals they focused on included whether the office doors were left open or closed，the time of day，if other people were with the person in question，how close they
were to each other, and whether or not the computer was in use．
The sensors monitored these and many other factors while four subjects were at work . At random intervals，the subjects rated how interruptible they were on a scale ranging from“highly interruptible’’to“highly not—interruptible”. Their ratings were then correlated with the various
behaviors . “It is a shotgun(随意的)approach：we used all the indicators we could think of and then let statistics find out which were important，” says Hudson
The model showed that using the keyboard，and talking on a landline or to someone else in the office correlated most strongly with how interruptible the subjects judged themselves to be．
Interestingly，the computer was actually better than people at predicting when someone was too busy to be interrupted . The computer got it right 82 per cent of the time，humans 77 per cent．
Fogarty speculates that this might be because people doing the interrupting are inevitably biased towards delivering their message，whereas computers don’t care．
The first application for Hudson and Fogarty’s system is likely to be in an instant messaging system，followed by office phones and cellphones．“There is no technological roadblock(障碍) to it being deployed in a couple of years，” says Hudson
36 A big problem facing people today is that
A they must tolerate phone disturbances or miss important calls．
B they must turn off their phones to keep their homes quiet．
C they have to switch from a desktop phone to a cellphone．
D they are too busy to make phone calls．
37 The behavior sensor and software system built in a phone
B could send messages instantly
C could tell when it is wise to interrupt you．
D could identify important phone calls．
38 Scientists at Carnegie Menon University tried to find out
A why office doors were often 1eft open．
B when it was a good time to turn off the computer．
C what questions office workers were bothered with．
D which behaviors could tell whether a person was busy
39 During the experiment，the subjects were asked
A to control the sensors and the camera．
B to rate the degrees to which they could be interrupted．
C to compare their behaviors with others’．
D to analyze all the indicators of interruption．
40 The computer performed better than people in the study because
A the computer worked harder．
B the computer was not busy
C people tended to be biased．
D people were not good at statistics．
第三篇
The Exploding Lakes of Cameroon
What comes to mind when you think of a lake? You probably imagine a pretty scene with
blue water，birds，and fish．For the people in the northwestern Cameroon，however, the image is
very different. For them，lakes may mean terrible disasters. In 1984，poisonous gases exploded out of Lake Monoun and came down into the nearby villages，killing thirty—seven people．Two years later,Lake Nyos erupted A cloud of gases rolled down the hills and into the valleys and killed 1,700 people．
Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun are crater(火山口)lakes They were formed when water
collected in the craters of old volcanoes The volcanoes under Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun are not active anymore. However, poisonous gases from the center of the earth continue to flow up through cracks in the bottom of the lake. This is normal in a crater lake. In most crater lakes，these
gases are released often because the water‘turns over’regularly．That is，the water from the bottom of the lake rises and mixes with the water at the top，allowing the gases to escape slowly． However，in Lakes Nyos and Monoun，there is no regular turning over．No one knows the reason for this fact，but as a result，these lakes have more gases tapped at the bottom than other
crater lakes. In fact，scientists who have studied Lakes Nyos and Monoun have found 16,000 times more gases．When a strong wind，cool weather a storm，or a landslide(滑坡)causes the water to turn over suddenly，the gases escape in a violent explosion．
In the past，no one knew when the gases might explode，so there was no way for the villagers to escape disaster. Now scientists from the United States，France，and Cameroon have found a way to reduce the gas pressure at the bottom of Lake Nyos．They stood a 672-foot plastic pipe in
the middle of the lake，with one end of the pipe near the bottom and the other end in the air．Near
when the gas pressure gets too high，the holes are opened and some of the gas-filled water shoots up through the pipe into the air like a fountain．With less pressure，a disastrous explosion is much
less likely．However, the scientists are not sure that one pipe will be enough to prevent explosions．They hope to put in others soon and they plan to install a similar pipe and a computer system at Lake Monoun as well．
To protect people nearby until all of the pipes are in place．the scientists have installed early
warning systems at both lakes. If the gas pressure rises to a dangerous level，computers will set
off loud sirens(警报)and bright lights to warn the people in the villages．That way, they will have time to escape from the dangerous gases．
41 What will happen when Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun explode?
A Water will flow down the hills
B Poisonous gases will be released suddenly．
C A strong wind will rise from the lakes
D The volcanoes will come to life．
42 Which of the following statements about Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun is true?
A They were formed in 1984．
B They are at the top of two active volcanoes．
C They are not like most other crater lakes．
D Water in them turns over regularly．
43 Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun explode because
A the gases rise to the top and mix with air．
B people from the villages turn over the water．
C scientists have put in a computer system．
D they have more gases trapped at the bottom than other crater lakes
44 A team of scientists has
A erected a pressure-releasing pipe in the lake
B identified the gases at the bottom of the lake
C built a beautiful fountain near the lakes
D removed all dangerous gases from the lakes
45 What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A Scientists are planning to install pipes in all crater lakes．
B Scientists still do not know how to prevent gas explosions
C Explosion disasters could be avoided in the future
D Warning systems have been set up in the villages nearby．
第5部分：补全短文 (第46～50题，每题2分，共1 0分)
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5
组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置
上。
Every Dog Has Its Say
Kimiko Fukuda，a Japanese girl，always wondered what her dog was trying to say.
Whenever she put on makeup，it would pull at her sleeve．_____(46)When the dog barks，
its
screen：“Please take me with you．”“I realized that’s how he was feeling．”said Fukuda．
The gadget is called Bowlingual，and it translates dog barks into feelings．People laughed when the Japanese toymaker Takara Company made the world’s first dog-human translation machine in 2002．But 300，000 Japanese dog owners bought it．______(47)
“Nobody else had thought about it，”said Masahiko Kajita，who works for Takara“We
spend so much time training dogs to understand our orders；what would it be like if we could understand dogs?”
Bowlingual has two parts．____(48)The translation is done in the gadget using a database(资料库)containing every kind of bark．
Based on animal behaviour research，these noises are divided into six categories：happiness，Sadness, frustration，anger，declaration and desire．_____(49)In this way，the database scientifically matches a bark to an emotion，which is then translated into one of 200 phrases． When a visitor went to Fukuda’s house recently，the dog barked a loud“bow wow”．This translated as“Don’t come this way”_____(50)
The product will be available in US pet stores this summer for about US$120 It can store up to 100 barks，even recording the dog’s emotions when the owner is away．
A A wireless microphone is a ttached to the dog’s collar,which sends information to the gadget held by the owner．
B Nobody really knows how a dog feels
C It was followed by“I’m stronger than you”as the dog growled(嗥叫)and sniffed(嗅)at the visitor
D More customers are expected when the English version is launched this summer
E Now，the Japanese girl thinks she knows
F Each one of these emotions is then linked to a phrase like“Let’s play”，“Look at me”，or“Spend more time with me”．
第6部分：完形填空 (第5l～65题，每题1分，共1 5分)
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从
4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Earth’s Inner Core
Scientists have long struggled to understand what lies at the planet’s center, Direct observation of its center is impossible，so researchers must_____(51)to other evidence．
In 1889，a German scientist detected a severe earthquake in Japan．Geophysicists concluded that shock waves_____(52)jolts(晃动)from one side of Earth through the center to the
other side．Then in 1936，Danish geophysicist Inge Lehmann studied the waves______(53)
to determine that within Earth’s core of molten(熔化了的)iron lies a solid inner core-but_____ (54)that core was made of eluded(难倒)her．Other geophysicists quickly
determined that Lehmann’s inner core was composed mostly_____(55)iron. Since then，Lehmann’s discovery has_____(56)conventional Earth science．
But now scientists are challenging traditional theory with new and radical _____(57)
For example，Earth’s center could actually contain an“inner core within the inner core，claim Ishii and colleague Adam Dziewonski．
Analyzing hundreds of thousands of earthquake wave _____(58),they maintain that the inner core has at its heart a tiny, even more solid sphere(球体) . This sphere‘‘may be the oldest fossil____(59)from the formation of Earth，”says Dziewonski．
ago，a giant asteroid(小行星)smashed into the young planet and nearly melted it. But Earth’s center didn’t quite melt；it______(61)mass as the planet cooled. The core within a core may be the kernel(核心)that endured．“Its presence could change our basic ideas about the_____ (62)of the planet，”Dziewonski says idea is tame(温和的)compared to the_____(63)theories of independent geophysicist J．Marvin Herndon．Earth’s inner core is made not of iron，he claims
but a_____(64)of nickel and silicon Hemdon has a truly revolutionary notion：Within the nickel silicide(硅化物)inner core is also an“inner”inner core—an 8 km—wide ball of the element uranium．Uranium is radioactive．Hemdon thinks the uranium releases heat energy as its atoms_____(65)fission-split and crash into another in a chain reaction. In other words,we may live on top of a gigantic, “natural”nuclear power plant.
51 A try B leave C turn D point
52 A create B receive C feel D overcome
53 A work B solution C job D patterns
54 A whether B what C why D how
55 A from B within C of D to
56 A followed B dominated C restored D opposed
57 A ideas B demands C phenomena D movements
58 A things B acts C methods D records
59 A taken B benefited C left D kept
60 A after B before C since D when
61 A expanded B modified C gained D melted
62 A size B origin C structure D shape
63 A radical B traditional C classical D conventional
64 A system B copy C model D compound
65 A charge B last C experience D show
2005年职称英语等级考试理工类(A级)答案
1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．B
11．D 12 A 13．C 14．B 15．A 16．A 17．C 18．A 19．C 20．A
21．B 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．E 26．B 27．C 28．F 29．D 30．B
31．D 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．D 36．A 37．C 38．D 39．B 40 C
41．B 42．C 43．D 44．A 45．C 46．E 47．D 48．A 49．F 50．C
51．C 52．A 53．D 54．B 55．C 56．B 57．A 58．D 59．C 60．A
61．C 62．B 63．A 64．D 65．C
2005年职称英语等级考试
理工类(A级)题解
第1部分·词汇选项
1 A motive：动机。reason：理由。这两个词意思比较接近。There is no reason to
doubt his word，没有理由不相信他的话。excuse：借口， answer和reply都有“回答”的意思。
2 C widen和broaden都有“拓宽”的意思。twist：弯曲。stretch：延伸。The forests
Stretch for hundreds of miles．森林绵延数百英里。bend：弯曲。
3 C lure：吸引。temptation：吸引。这两个词意思相近。abuse：滥用。flavor：滋
味；consumption：消费。
4 D immense和enormous都有“巨大的”的意思。 it was an enormous
职称英语考试综合B试题真题完整版 文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]
2016年职称英语综合B真题 第一部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. All houses within 100 meters of the seas are (at risk) of flooding. A. out of control B. between equals C. in particular D. in danger 2. The idea was quite (brillian)t. A. positive B. clever C. key D. original 3. Stock market price (tumbled) after rumor of a rise in interest rate. A. regulated B. fell C. increased D. maintained
4. We are worried about this (fluid) situation full with uncertainty. A. stable B. suitable C. adaptable D. changeable 5. The (revelation) of his past led to his resignation. A. imagination B. confirmation C. disclosure D. recall 6. Jensen is a dangerous man, and can be very (brutal). A. careless B. strong C. cruel D. hard 7. The coastal has area has very (mild) winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold. A. warm B. severe C. hard D.dry
职称英语等级考试试题-综合A6 第三篇Play Play is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development. In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby’s ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully. In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling(涂鸦) and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others. Bt the third stage of play development-from five to seven or eight years-the child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which type of toys the chills most enjoys.
2016职称英语考试真题及答案 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题l分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1、Have you talked to her?lately? https://www.doczj.com/doc/5410006363.html,stly B.finally C.shortly D.recently 2、 About?one quarter of?the workers in the country are employed in factories. A.third B.fourth C.tenth D.fifteenth 3、 The dentist has decided to?extract?her bad tooth. A.take out B.repair C.push in D.dig 4、 We shall keep the money in a?secure?place. A.clean
B.secret C.distant D.safe 5、 This table is strongand?durable. A.long-lasting B.extensive C.far reaching D.eternal 6、 He endured agonies before he finally?expired. A.fired B.resigned C.died D.retreated 7、 There are only five minutes left, but the?outcome?of the match is still in doubt. A.result B.judgement C.estimation D.event 8、 The great changes of the city?astonished?every visitor to that city A.attacked
2017年职称英语理工类A类词汇练习题及答案2017年职称英语理工类A类词汇练习题及答案 1It is (ridiculous) to dispute about such things. A foolish B shocking C frightening D amusing 2It was (obvious) that she was not going home. A evident B necessary C possible D probable 3He (replied) that this was absolutely impossible. A stated B answered C said D claimed 4He (Confesses) that he has done it. A agrees B alleges C admits D answers 5He lacked the strength to (deal with) all these problems A think of B talk about C copy down D cope with 6He (purchased) a ticket and went up on the top deck. A bought B took C showed D made 7Foreign money can be (converted) into the local currency at this bank. A written B changed C moved D reported 8He looks like a (crazy) man. A lazy B patient C mad D happy 9We cannot permit such (conduct). A movement B words C principle D behavior 10 She (started) to clean the kitchen. A stopped B began C continued D kept 11 John (talked over) the new job offer with his wife. A discussed B mentioned C accepted D rejected 12 I (rarely) wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a car. A normally B continuously C seldom D usually 13 We (explored) the possibility of closer trade links at the conference. A rejected B investigated C proposed D postponed 14 He often (finds fault with) my work. A criticizes B praises C evaluates D talks about
2015年职称英语理工类B级考试真题 第一部分：词汇选项 1.The organization was bold enough to face the press. A.pleased B.powerful C.brave D.sensible 参考答案：C 2.I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. A.accept B.control C.observe D.regulate 参考答案：A 3.I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A.limit B.fear C.power D.fool 参考答案：B 4.Most people find rejection hard to accept. A.excuse B.client C.destiny D.refusal 参考答案：D 5.She's extremely competent and industrious. A.hardworking B.honest C.objective D.independent 参考答案：A 6.The doctors did not reveal the truth to him. A.hide B.handle C.disclose D.establish 参考答案：C 7.He tried to assemble his thoughts. A.clear B.share C.gather D.spare 参考答案：C
8.The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A.message B.punishment C.guilt D.obligation 参考答案：B 9.Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions. A.flexible B.terrible C.reasonable D.serious 参考答案：B 10.These products are inferior to those we brought last year. A.poorer than B.narrower than https://www.doczj.com/doc/5410006363.html,rger than D.richer than 参考答案：A 11.The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly. A.improved B.changed C.worsened D.developed 参考答案：C 12.There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building. A.coexisting B.fair C.full D.pubic 参考答案：A 13.They're petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport. A.requesting B.planning C.preparing D.looking 参考答案：A 14.He said some harsh words about his brother. A.unkind B.proper C.normal D.unclear 参考答案：A 15.We were attracted by the lure of quick money. A.amount
2002年全国职称英语考试理工类（A级）考试试题及参考答案 第1部分：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1 The price of vegetables f1uctuates according to the weather. A jumps B rises C falls D changes 2 Did you do that to irritate her? A tease B attract C annoy D protect 3 Mary looked pale and weary． A ill B tired C worried D peaceful 4 The water in this part of the river has been contaminated by sewage(污水). A polluted B downgraded C mixed D blackened 5 Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive. A very boring B very thorough C very interesting D very touching 6 Alice is a fascinating girl. A a beautiful B a pretty C an attractive D a pleasant
7 Her mood can be gauged by her reaction to the most trivial of incidents. A displayed B shown C proved D assessed 8 The old lady let her flat to an English couple. A offered B rented C provided D sold 9 She stood there，crying and trembling with fear． A shaking B staggering C struggling D murmuring 10 They strolled around the lake for an hour or so. A ran B rolled C walked D raced 11 The conclusion can be deduced from the premises． A argued B derived C permitted D come 12 I can no longer tolerate his actions． A putupwith B accept C take D suffer from 13 Our plan is to allocate one member of staff to handle appointments. A ask B persuade C assign D order 14 She has been the subject of massive media coverage. A extensive B negative
2015年职称英语理工类C级考试真题及答案第一部分：词汇选项 1. The weather last summer was awful. A. bad B. fair C. dry D. hot 参考答案：A 2. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. guilt C. obligation D. punishment 参考答案：D 3. My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher. A. definitely B. generally C. certainly D. greatly 参考答案：D 4. There is a need for radical changes in education.
A. revolutionary B. long-term C. short-term D. systematic 参考答案：A 5. It frustrates me that I‘m not able to put any of my ideas into practice. A. discourages B. shows C. surprises D. frightens 参考答案：A 6. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A. limit B. fear C. power D. fool 参考答案：B 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. gather B. clear C. share D. spare
2020年职称英语理工A概括大意真题及答案 Geothermal(地热)Energy 1.Since heat naturally moves from hotter regions to cooler ones, the heat from the earth's center flows outwards towards the surface. In this way, it transfers to the next layer of rock. If the temperature is high enough, some of this rock melts and forms magma(岩浆). The magma ascends in its turn towards the earth's surface. It often remains well below the earth's surface, creating vast areas of hot rock. In such regions, there are deep cracks, which allow rainwater to descend underground. Some of the heated rainwater travels back up to the earth's surface where it will appear as a hot spring. However, if this ascending hot water reaches a layer of impermeable(不可渗透的)rock, it remains trapped, forming a geothermal reservoir. If geothermal reservoirs are close enough to the surface, they can be reached by drilling wells. Hot water and steam shoot up the wells naturally, and can be used to produce electricity in geothermal power plants. 2.A few geothermal power plants depend on dry-stem reservoirs which produce steam but little or no water. In these cases, the steam is piped up directly to provide the power to spin a turbine generator. The first geothermal power plant, constructed at Lardarello in Italy, was of this type, and is still producing electricity today. 3.Most currently operating geothermal power plants are either "flash" steam plants or binary(双重的)plants. Flash plants produce mainly hot water ranging in temperature from 300° to 700°Fahrenheit. This water is passed through one or
全国职称英语考试历年真题及答案 理工类-A级 2003-2010 目录 1.2003年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (2) 2.2004年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (16) 3.2005年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (35) 4.2006年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (54) 5.2007年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (68) 6.2008年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (76) 7.2009年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (89) 8.2010年全国职称英语考试（理工类A级）真题及答案 (102)
2003年职称英语等级考试理工类A级试题及答案第一部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1. The union representative put across her argument very effectively. A explained B invented C considered D accepted 2. He talks tough but has a tender heart. A heavy B strong C kind D wild 3. It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. A making B taking C discussing D expecting 4. Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. A waste B buy C use D sell 5. The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. A function B ability C power D volume 6. Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. A tensely B nearly C carefully D closely 7. Her faith upheld her in times of sadness. A supported B excited C inspired D directed
2020年职称英语理工类A级真题及答案（词汇选项）2020年职称英语理工类A级词汇选项考试真题及答案 第1部分：词汇选项（第1——15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The revelation of his past ledto his resignation. A.imagination B. confirmation C.recall D. disclosure 答案为D. revelation(揭露)– disclosure(揭露) 2. Jensen is a dangerous man, and can bevery brutal. A.careless B. cruel C.strong D. hard 答案为B. brutal(残忍的) – cruel 3. You’ll have to sprint if youwant to catch the train. A.jump B.escape C. run D.prepare 答案为C. sprint (快速奔跑) – run(奔跑) 4. We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty. A. changeable B. stable C.suitable D.adaptable
答案为A. fluid(不稳定的) –changeable (易变的) 5. The new garment fits herperfectly. A.haircut B. purse C. clothes D.necklace 答案为C. garment(衣服) –clothes(衣服) 6. The phobia may have its root in achildhood trauma. A.fear B. joy C. hurt D.memory 答案为C. trauma(精神上的创伤) – hurt(感情上的伤心或痛苦) 7. They have to build canals to irrigatethe desert. A.decorate B. water C.change D. visit 答案为B. irrigate(灌溉) –water(给…浇水) 8. Her overall language proficiencyremains that of a toddler. A.disabled B. pupil C.teenager D. baby 答案为D. toddler(学步的儿童) – baby(婴儿) 9. The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold. A. warm B.severe C.hard D.dry
2016年职称英语综合B真题 第一部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. All houses within 100 meters of the seas are (at risk) of flooding. A. out of control B. between equals C. in particular D. in danger 2. The idea was quite (brillian)t. A. positive B. clever C. key D. original 3. Stock market price (tumbled) after rumor of a rise in interest rate. A. regulated B. fell C. increased D. maintained 4. We are worried about this (fluid) situation full with uncertainty. A. stable B. suitable C. adaptable D. changeable 5. The (revelation) of his past led to his resignation. A. imagination B. confirmation C. disclosure
D. recall 6. Jensen is a dangerous man, and can be very (brutal). A. careless B. strong C. cruel D. hard 7. The coastal has area has very (mild) winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold. A. warm B. severe C. hard D.dry 8.You'll have to (sprint) if you want to catch the train. A. jump B. escape C. prepare D. run 9. The course gives you basic (instruction) in car maintenance. A. idea B. term C. coaching D. aspect 10. The new (garment) fits her perfectly. A. haircut B. purse C. necklace D. clothes 11. The phobia may have its root in a childhood (trauma). A. fear
2011年真题： 第1部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1.His shoes were shined to perfection. A. cleared B. polished C. washed D. Mended 2.She can be relied on in A. looked after C. turned on B.believedin D.depended on 3.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer. A. admitted B. reported C. hoped D. answered 4.The test produced disappointing results. A. unsatisfactory B. indirect C. similar D. positive 5.My doctor said I should vary my diet more A, change B. prepare C. cook D. choose 6.Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge. A. hard C. short B. good D. long 7. The book took ten years of thorough research A. basic B. careful. C, social D. major 8. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives. A. effor B. problem C. influence D. Concern 9.Eventually, she got a job and moved to London A. Certainly B. Luckily C. Naturally D. Finally 10.The love of money is the root of'all evil A. result B. end C. cause D. Force 11.We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference A. offered B. investigated
++2010年全国职称英语综合类（A级）考试真题及答案 第一部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners. A. bad B. polite C. similar D. usual 2. Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment. A. love B. surprise C. doubt D. anger 3. Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day. A. energentic B. physical C. regular D. free 4. Our aggrangements were thrown into complete turmoil. A. failure B. confusion C. doubt D. relief 5. Steep stairs can present a particular hazard to older people. A. evidence B. danger C. case D. picture 6. I enjoyed the play-it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues. A. long B. original C. humorous D. boring 7. He demolished my arguments in minutes. A. disproved B. disputed C. accepted D. supported 8. The two banks have announced plans to merge next year. A. combine B. sell C. close D. break 9. Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone. A. immediate B. great C. equal D. moderate 10. I want to provide my boys with a decent education. A. private B. general C. good D. special 11. Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth. A. attract B. encourage C. require D. spend 12. He was kept in appalling conditions in prison. A. critical B. temble C. necessary D. normal 13. I can't put up with my neighbor's noise any longer, it's driving me mad. A. measure B. generate C. tolerate D. reduce 14. The project required ten years of diligent research. A. hardworking B. scientific C. basic D. social 15. He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school. A. unclear B. bright C. bad D. general 第二部分：阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分) 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 The Writing's on the Wall? Is it art or is it just vandalism (野蛮行为)? Well, it's still a crime, but graffiti (涂鸦) has changed since the days of spraying your name on a wall to mark your territory. Street art has become much more sophisticated since a 17-year-old called Demetrius started spraying his "tag" , TAKI 183, all over the New York underground in 1971, and hip - hop culture was born. Hip-hop is a mixture of art, music and dancing, poetry, language and fashion. It came from young inner-city people who fell left out by their richer classmates and who were desperate to express themselves in any way they could. An experiment to control the spread of graffiti in Rochdale, Creater Manchester, has been sosuccessful that plans have been made by local street artists for an international convention in June. "We're planning to get people together from different countries like France and Cermany for a week, " says Liam, one of the organizers. The scheme started in 2000, and has attracted people of all age groups and both sexes. " We all share a commen interest and get on really well with each other. " The first site to be chosen was a subway. " Before we began, people were afraid to use the subway. We had it cleaned up and now, with all the artists hanging out down there, people are using it again. People can relate to graffiti much more now. " By providing places to display their talents legally, there has been a fall in the amount of "tagging" on people's private property. Street artists Temper developed his drawing skills at a young age. In art classes at school he was really frustrated because the Art teacher didn't spend time with him. They thought he was already very good at art and so spend more time with other students. So, at 12 years old, Temper started painting with all these guys he'd hooked up with who were about 22 years old. He looked