Wafer ?Cell ?Panel Introduction
Stella Su, Monica Xiao
Feb-24-2011
Revision A
家庭供电电动车充电站
消防局
高速公路隧道
Wafer?Cell?Panel
硅片车间Wafer Fab电池车间Cell Fab组件车间Panel Fab
Wafer Cell Panel
第一阶段：硅片车间
Part 1: Wafer Fab.
硅片种类
Wafer Type
单晶和多晶原子结构的区别
：
单晶硅和多晶硅显微镜中的区别
：
微观结构的不同造成了外观上的区别：
在整个晶体内，原子都是周期性的规则排列，称之为单晶。
由许多取向不同的单晶颗粒杂乱地排列在一起的晶体称为多晶
。
传统硅片制造过程V.S Evergreen硅片制造过程：
流程图Process Flow
硅料粉碎Silicon Crushing
硅料预处理Silicon Prep
牵引丝复绕String Rewind
熔炉Quad
品质检测QISM
硅料再利用Seed bar & Ribbon
Salvage
硅片制造Wafer producing
拉升系统Puller
硅料粉碎Silicon Crushing
接收系统Receiver
将硅料盛装起来Gather the product
筛选到不同桶中Sort into different
bucket
将细小的粉末收集Gather fines in a
collector
硅料倒进粉碎机Pour into crusher
硅料粉碎Silicon Crushing
硅料粉碎的目的Purpose of crushing
●将硅块粉碎成颗粒状Crushing the silicon chunk to granular / pieces
硅块Silicon chunk硅颗粒Silicon pieces
硅料预处理Silicon Prep
流程图Process Flow
添加液态硼化合物，混合10分钟Add Boron liquid ，mix for 10 minutes
将硅料装入容器中Fill the silicon to vessel
装袋Bagging
混合3分钟；干燥3小时Mix for 3 minutes; Dry for 3 hours
装入容器
Filling into vessel
品质验证Qualifying
混合及干燥Mixing & Drying
Filling into vessel 参杂
Doping
将硅料包成2.5kg每袋Pack the silicon to 2.5 kg bag
取出5袋作验证用Pick up 5 bags for qualification;
检测硅片的电阻率及寿命Test the wafer resistivity and lifetime.
硅料预处理Silicon Prep
硅料预处理的目的Purpose of Silicon Prep :
?参杂氧化硼到硅料中，并包装成袋Dope silicon with Boron, and Pack silicon into bags ?验证是为了确认参杂氧化硼的效果Qualification is to confirm the doping result.
Vessel
品质验证Qualifying
硅料预处理
Silicon Prep
The resistivity-inspecting machine can indicate resistance of a wafer by measuring thickness of the wafer and calculate the resistance from a
formula.
The lifetime tester will detect how long time the electrons can be
activated, or how long distance the electrons can travel in the wafer.For resistivity
test, the results should be between 2 and 4.5 ohm-cm.For lifetime test, The results should be higher than 0.8ms .
硅料预处理Silicon Prep
参杂质量与效率的关系
Doping VS Efficiency
Higher doping ratio (>3.2ml:1kg) leads to lower resistivity, and vice versa.
The desired resistivity is 2.8 ohm-cm. We get highest efficiency when resistivity is between 2 and 4.5 ohm-cm.
Bag # dependence is found in resistivity. The last 2-3 bags have very high resistivity value and low efficiency. This is because silicon size increase from vessel bottom to vessel top.
牵引丝复绕String Rewind
目的Purpose of String Rewind
Transfers the strings
from a 8’’Gemini reel to
a 20’’Quad reel.
硅料再利用Wafer Salvage
-Seedbar Salvage from Gemini(3 feet)
-Ribbon Salvage from Quad
-Salvage ribbons are manually harvested from
Quad or Gemini into product wafers or seed
bars.
--To hold a ribbon, we have to use two hands
at all time.
拉伸系统Rubber Puller
The Rubber Puller is a part that pulls the ribbons out of melt crucible.
Purpose of QISM
-To inspect wafers and find out if
-The wafer defects can be defined
as the following categories:
-Crack
-Chip
-Limbo
-EBO (Edge Break Out)
-Spike
-Weight fail
QISM-Defect
Mouse Bite
Shark Tooth
EBO Protrusion
Chip
Limbo
Broken
QISM-Limbo
Measure theory: use three sets of
laser and receiver to scan wafer,
find the lowest and hight point.
Crucial settings:
●Lower and higher scan point
●Scan speed
●Degree of level of wafer support
It’s not possible to get same Limbo
value every time due to different wafer surface shape, but we tried to get smallest variation.1-1
1-2
2-1
2-23-1
3-2 Limbo=Height max-Height min
=Height2-1-Height3-2
第二阶段:电池车间
Part 2: Cell Fab.
On choice-o?ering imperatives Maria Aloni? 1Introduction The law of propositional logic that states the deducibility of either A or B from A is not valid for imperatives(Ross’s paradox,cf.[9]).The command (or request,advice,etc.)in(1a)does not imply(1a)(unless it is taken in its alternative-presenting sense),otherwise when told the former,I would be justi?ed in burning the letter rather then posting it. (1) a.Post this letter!? b.Post this letter or burn it! Intuitively the most natural interpretation of the second imperative is as one presenting a choice between two actions.Following[2](and[6])I call these choice-o?ering imperatives.Another example of a choice-o?ering imperative is (2)with an occurence of Free Choice‘any’which,interestingly,is licensed in this context. (2)Take any card! Like(1a),this imperative should be interpreted as carrying with it a permission that explicates the fact that a choice is being o?ered. Possibility statements behave similarly(see[8]).Sentence(3b)has a read-ing under which it cannot be deduced from(3a),and‘any’is licensed in(4). (3) a.You may post this letter.? b.You may post this letter or burn it. (4)You may take any card. In[1]I presented an analysis of modal expressions which explains the phe-nomena in(3)and(4).That analysis maintains a standard treatment of‘or’as logical disjunction(contra[11])and a Kadmon&Landman style analysis of‘any’as existential quanti?er(contra[3]and[4])assuming,however,an in-dependently motivated‘Hamblin analysis’for∨and?as introducing sets of alternative propositions.Modal expressions are treated as operators over sets of propositional alternatives.In this way,since their interpretation can depend on the alternatives introduced by‘or’(∨)or‘any’(?)in their scope,we can account for the free choice e?ect which arises in sentences like(3b)or(4).In this article I would like to extend this analysis to imperatives.The resulting theory will allow a uni?ed account of the phenomena in(1)-(4).We will start by presenting our‘alternative’analysis for inde?nites and disjunction. ?ILLC-Department of Philosophy,University of Amsterdam,NL,e-mail:M.D.Aloni@uva.nl
Introdution
Mike Jian
INTRODUCTION ?Section A: ?Comprises 8 two mark and 4 one mark multiple choice questions. ?Section B: ?Four 10 mark questions. ?Two 20 mark questions.
INTRODUCTION The examination is a three hour paper with 15 minutes reading and planning time. All questions are compulsory. Some questions will adopt a scenario/case study approach. All those questions will require some form of written response although questions on planning or review may require the calculation and interpretation of some basic ratios.
1.Which TWO of the following should be included in an audit engagement letter? ①Objective and scope of the audit ②Results of previous audits ③Management’s responsibilities ④Need to maintain professional scepticism A.① and ② B.① and ③ C.② and ④ D.③ and ④ (2 marks)
毕业设计说明书 英文文献及中文翻译 学 专 指导教师： 2014 年 6 月
Introduction to Linux 1.1 History 1.1.1 UNIX In order to understand the popularity of Linux, we need to travel back in time, ab out 30 years ago... Imagine computers as big as houses, even stadiums. While the sizes of those com puters posed substantial problems, there was one thing that made this even worse: eve ry computer had a different operating system. Software was always customized to ser ve a specific purpose, and software for one given system didn't run on another system. Being able to work with one system didn't automatically mean that you could work w ith another. It was difficult, both for the users and the system administrators. Computers were extremely expensive then, and sacrifices had to be made even after th e original purchase just to get the users to understand how they worked. The total cost of IT was enormous. Technologically the world was not quite that advanced, so they had to live with t he size for another decade. In 1969, a team of developers in the Bell Labs laboratories started working on a solution for the software problem, to address these compatibility issues. They developed a new operating system, which was simple and elegant written in the C programming language instead of in assembly code able to recycle code. The Bell Labs developers named their project "UNIX." The code recycling features were very important. Until then, all commercially av ailable computer systems were written in a code specifically developed for one system . UNIX on the other hand needed only a small piece of that special code, which is now commonly named the kernel. This kernel is the only piece of code that needs to be ad apted for every specific system and forms the base of the UNIX system. The operating system and all other functions were built around this kernel and written in a higher pr ogramming language, C. This language was especially developed for creating the UNI
自我介绍(self-introduction) ??? 1. Good morning. I am glad to be here for this interview. First let me introduce myself. My name is ***, 24. I come from ******,the capital of *******Province. I graduated from the ******* department of *****University in July ,2001.In the past two years I have been preparing for the postgraduate examination while I have been teaching *****in NO.****middle School and I was a head-teacher of a class in junior grade two. Now all my hard work has got a result since I have a chance to be interview by you . I am open-minded ,quick in thought and very fond of history.In my spare time,I have broad interests like many other youngsters.I like reading books, especially those about *******.Frequently I exchange with other people by making comments in the forum on line.
Canada Introduction Canada has a population just less than 30 million people in a country twice the area of the United States. The heritage of Canada was French and English; however, significant immigration from Asia and Europe's non-French and English countries has broadened Canada's cultural richness. This cultural diversity is considered a national asset, and the Constitution Act prohibits discrimination against individual citizens on the basis of race, color, religion, or sex. The great majority of Canadians are Christian. Although the predominant language in Canada is English, there are at least three varieties of French that are recognized: Quebecois in Quebec, Franco-Manitoban throughout Manitoba and particularly in the St. Boniface area of Winnipeg, and Acadian. The Italian language is a strong third due to a great influx of Italian immigrants following W.W.II. Canada's three major cities are distinctively, even fiercely different from one another even though each is a commercially thriving metropolitan center. Montreal, established in the 17th century and the largest French city outside France, has a strong influence of French architecture and culture. It is a financial and manufacturing center
英语口语集锦－介绍(introduction) making introductions 给人作介绍 1. jane, tom. tom, jane. 2. jane, this is tom, tom, this is jane. 3. jane, i’d like you to meet my friend tom. 4. jane, have you met tom? 5. jane, do you know tom? 6. look, tom’s he re. tome, come and meet jane. 7. jane, this is tom. he’s a friend from college. 8. jane, tom is the guy i was telling you about. 9. do you know each other? 10. have you two met ? 11. have you two been introduced? 12. allow me to introduce professor linda ferguson of harvard university. 13. let me introduce our guest of honor, mr.david morris. 14. if you want to be introduced to the author, i think i can arrange it.
making a self-introduction 作自我介绍 1. may i introduce myself 2. hello, i’m hanson smith. 3. excuse me, i don’t think we’ve met. my name’s hanson smith. 4. how do you do? i’m hanson smith. 5. i’m david anderson. i don’t believe i’ve had the pleasure. 6. first let me introduce myself. i’m peter white, production manager. 7. my name is david. i work in the marketing department. after being introduced. 被介绍与对方认识后. 1. i’m glad to meet you. 很高兴认识你. 2. nice meeting you. 很高兴认识你. (平时用得最多的是nice to meet you ) 3. how nice to meet you. 认识你真高兴. 4. i’ve heard so much about you. 我知道很多关于你的事儿. 5. helen has told me all about you. 海伦对我将了好多你的事儿. 6. i’ve been wanting to meet you for some time.
英语自我介绍例文模板： Sample1 My name is ________. I am graduate from ________ senior high school and major in ________. There are ________ people in my family. My father works in a computer company. And my mother is a housewife. I am the youngest one in my family. In my spare time, I like to read novels. I think reading could enlarge my knowledge. As for novels, I could imagine whatever I like such as a well-known scientist or a kung-fu master. In addition to reading, I also like to play PC games. A lot of grownups think playing PC games hinders the students from learning. But I think PC games could motivate me to learn something such as English or Japanese. My favorite course is English because I think it is interesting to say one thing via different sounds. I wish my English could be improved in the next four years and be able to speak fluent English in the future. Sample2: I am . I was born in . I graduate from senior high school and major in English. I started learning English since I was 12 years old. My parents ha ve a lot of American friends. That’s why I have no problem communicating with Americans or others by speaking English. In my spare time, I like to do anything relating to English such as listening to English songs, watching English movies or TV programs, or even attending the activities held by some English clubs or institutes. I used to go abroad for a short- term English study. During that time, I learned a lot of daily life English and saw a lot of different things. I think language is very interesting. I could express one substance by using different sounds. So I wish I could study and read more English literatures and enlarge my knowledge. Sample3: My name is . There are 4 people in my family. My father is a Chemistry teacher. He teaches chemistry in senior high school. My mother is an English teacher. She teaches English in the university. I have a younger brother, he is a junior high school student and is preparing for the entrance exam. I like to read English story books in my free time. Sometimes I surf the Internet and download the E- books to read. Reading E- books is fun. In addition, it also enlarges my vocabulary words because of the advanced technology and the vivid animations. I hope to study both English and computer technology because I am interested in both of the subjects. Maybe one day I could combine both of them and apply to my research in the future. Sample4: My name is . I am from . There are people in my family. My father works in a computer company. He is a computer engineer. My mother works in a international trade company. She is also a busy woman. I have a older sister and a younger brother. My sister is a junior in National Taiwan University. She majors in
Introduction 介绍 Making introductions 给人作介绍 1. Jane, Tom. Tom, Jane. 2. Jane, this is Tom, Tom, this is Jane. 3. Jane, I'd like you to meet my friend Tom. 4. Jane, have you met Tom? 5. Jane, do you know Tom? 6. Look, Tom's here. Tome, come and meet Jane. 7. Jane, this is Tom. He's a friend from college. 8. Jane, Tom is the guy I was telling you about. 9. Do you know each other? 10. Have you two met ? 11. Have you two been introduced? 12. Allow me to introduce Professor Linda Ferguson of Harvard University. 13. Let me introduce our guest of honor, Mr.David Morris. 14. If you want to be introduced to the author, I think I can arrange it. Making a self-introduction 作自我介绍 1. May I introduce myself 2. Hello, I'm Hanson Smith. 3. Excuse me, I don't think we've met. My name's Hanson Smith. 4. How do you do? I'm Hanson Smith. 5. I'm David Anderson. I don't believe I've had the pleasure. 6. First let me introduce myself. I'm Peter White, production manager. 7. My name is David. I work in the marketing department. After being introduced. 被介绍与对方认识后 1. I'm glad to meet you. 很高兴认识你。 2. Nice meeting you. 很高兴认识你。 3. How nice to meet you. 认识你真高兴。 4. I've heard so much about you. 我知道很多关于你的事儿。 5. Helen has told me all about you.
1 Introduction Greco-Roman mythology is the cultural reception of myths from the ancient Greeks and Romans. Along with philosophy and political thought, mythology represents one of the major survivals of classical antiquity throughout later Western culture. Greek mythology is the body of myths and legends belonging to the ancient Greeks, concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world, and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices. They were a part of religion in ancient Greece and are part of religion in modern Greece and around the world as Hellenismos. Modern scholars refer to, and study the myths in an attempt to throw light on the religious and political institutions of Ancient Greece, its civilization, and to gain understanding of the nature of myth-making itself. Roman mythology is the combination of the beliefs, the rituals, and the observances of supernatural occurrences by the ancient Romans from early periods until Christianity finally completely replaced the native religions of the Roman Empire. The religion of the early Romans was so changed by the addition of numerous and conflicting beliefs in later times, and by the assimilation of a vast amount of Greek mythology, that it cannot be ever reconstructed precisely. This was because of the extensive changes in the religion before the literary tradition began. Most of the Greek deities were adopted by the Romans, although in many cases there was a change of name. Much of what became Roman mythology was borrowed from Greek mythology at a later date, as Greek gods were associated with their Roman counterparts. Greek mythology is embodied, explicitly, in a large collection of narratives, and implicitly in Greek representational arts, such as vase-paintings and votive gifts. Greek myth attempts to explain the origins of the world, and details the lives and adventures of a wide variety of gods, goddesses, heroes, heroines, and mythological creatures. These accounts initially were disseminated in an oral-poetic tradition; today the Greek myths are known primarily from Greek literature. The oldest known Greek literary sources, the epic poems Iliad and Odyssey, focus on events surrounding the Trojan War. Two poems by Homer's near contemporary Hesiod, the Theogony and the Works and Days, contain accounts of the genesis of the world, the
Introduction 介绍 一、Introducing Each other 介绍相识 高频语句 自我介绍 1.May I introduce myself to you? 我可以作自我介绍吗？ 2.Did you meet before? 我们见过面吗？ 3.Allow me to introduce myself. 请允许我作个自我介绍。 4.Hello, my name is Bill. 你好，我叫比尔。 5.Can you just introduce yourself to the other guests? 您向其他客人自我介绍一下， 好吗？ 6.Are you Mr. Smith? 你是史密斯先生吗？ 7.Do you mind if I join you? 我加入你们当中来，介意吗？ 8.Here is my card. 这是我的命。 9.It’s really an honor for me to meet you. 真的很荣幸认识你。 10.This is the first time we have met. 这是我们第一次见面。 介绍同事 1.I’d like you to meet Mary, my colleague. 我介绍你们认识玛丽，我的同事。 2.Will you introduce me to that lady? 把我介绍给那位女士认识一下，好吗？ 3.I don’t think you have known each other. 我想你们俩还互不认识吧。 4.Just go in and meet everyone. 进去和大家认识一下。 5.May I introduce Mr. Chen？让介绍一下陈先生好吗？ 相互寒暄 1.We have been looking forward to meeting you. 我们一直盼望着见到您。 2.I’m delighted to know you. 很高兴认识你。 3.Is this your first visit to Shanghai? 这是您第一次来上海？ 4.I can show you around while you’re here. 您在此逗留期间我可以带着您到处 走走。 5.Mr. Li has told me all about you. 李先生对我讲了好多你的事儿。 二、Products Introduction 产品介绍