同济大学网络教育学院2006级（春）专科英语﹝二﹞
测验作业：一学号姓名得分 . Part One: Vocabulary and Structure 30%
Section A (25%)
Directions: In this section, there are 25 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). you are required to complete the sentences by deciding on the most appropriate choice.
1.Animals that are similar in some ways usually belong to the same _________ .
a. origin
b. variety
c. catalogue
d. species
2.The patient was warned __________ oily food after the operation.
a. to eat not
b. eating not
c. not to eat
d. not eating
3.He came to the meeting ___________ his serious illness.
a. despite
b. for
c. at
d. through
4.You’ll surely make progress _________ you work with a strong will.
a. unless
b. until
c. as well as
d. as long as
5.Don’t allow your mind to __________ past failure.
a. keep on
b. dwell on
c. go on
d. sit on
6.I am writing _________ my mother to express her thanks for your gift.
a. in memory of
b. in honor of
c. due to
d. on behalf of
7.I want to travel because I enjoy _________ new places.
a. to see
b. seeing
c. see
d. to have seen
8.He accepted his friend’s _________ to swim across the river in the depths of winter.
a. charge
b. challenge
c. position
d. claim
9.The food smells very good, but what does it _________ like?
a. taste
b. bite
c. eat
d. chew
10.Do it now, ____________ it will be too late.
a. therefore
b. doubtless
c. otherwise
d. however
11.---What are you going to do with your day off?
---I don’t know. I __________ about it.
a. am thinking
b. don’t think
c. thought
d. haven’t thought
12.We mustn’t laugh at slow children whose _________ development lags behind their
physical development.
a. mental
b. natural
c. chemical
d. spirited
13.He __________ the test, but he wasn’t careful enough.
a. had passed
b. must have passed
c. were able to pass
d. could have passed
14.We are lucky. We live in a quiet street but all the necessary shops are close
________ .
a. at hand
b. in hand
c. on hand
d. out of hand
15.The house __________ roof was damaged has now been repaired.
a. who’s
b. whose
c. that
d. of which
16.The machine can’t be made perfect overnight; in fact it should be improved ________.
a. one by one
b. place by place
c. step by step
d. one after another
17.Never mind your previous failure, try to forget it and think of __________ your next
attempt might be.
a. what
b. which
c. that
d. when
18.You might not __________ such a serious mistake if you had followed his advice.
a. be made
b. made
c. having made
d. have made
19.Making a living as a door-to-door _________ demands a thick skin, both to protect
against the weather and against having the door shut in your face..
a. saleman
b. salesman
c. businessman
d. manager
20.“Well, well, that’s enough,” Grandpa _________ him _______ just as he was about to
tell another story.
a. cut … short
b. turn …out
c. cut … open
d. turn …down
21.I’m sorry to have _________ you with so many questions on such an occasion.
a. impressed
b. interfered
c. bothered
d. appreciated
22.Mr. Benson’s assistants enjoy working for him because he ________them with
respect.
a. receives
b. considers
c. expects
d. treats
23.We ________ the house _________ and upside down but didn’t find Gwen.
a. turned … inside
b. turned … inside out
c. turned … out
d. turned … down
24.I received a __________ parcel yesterday and I am still wondering who may have
sent it.
a. maximum
b. mysterious
c. fortunate
d. sincere
25.The boy __________ to his teacher for coming to school late.
a. apologized
b. pardoned
c. forgave
d. excused
26.He ________ from among his friends as he is 2 meters tall.
a. turned out
b. sent out
c. stood out
d. made out
27.Turn left to Mirror Street, and you’ll find a _________ spot in the parking lot there.
a. vacant
b. empty
c. bare
d. blank
28.I hadn’t seen him for 20 years, but I __________ him immediately.
a. knew
b. realized
c. recognized
d. sensed
29.Don’t eat so much chocolate, __________ you will sick.
a. meanwhile
b. but
c. however
d. otherwise
30.After having a ________ of life in a big city, Mary returned to her quiet life in the
country.
a. appetite
b. taste
c. sample
d. course
Cloze 10%
Directions: Read the following passage and then fill in the blanks with one or more the exact words from the Reading Aloud of Unit Seven.
If you’ve done your best, then you will have had some accomplishments 31 . Not everyone is going to get the 32 picture. Not everyone is going to be the greatest 33 or the greatest basketball player. But you can still be considered one of the best, and you can still be considered 34 .
That’s why I’ve always set 35 goals. Whether it’s golf, basketball, business, family life, or even baseball, I set goals ---- 36 ---- and I 37 them. I ask questions, I read, I listen. I did the same thing in baseball with the Chicago White Sox. I’m not afraid to ask anybody anything if I don’t know. Why should I be afraid? I’m trying to get 38 . Help me, give me 39 . Nothing wrong 40 .
Part Three: Reading Comprehension 20%
Directions: In this part there are 2 reading passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. There are four choices marked A, B, C and D after each question or statement. You are required to decide on the best choice.
A
One day Mozart saw an old man play violin in the street corner. He found out the old man was playing one of his compositions. The old man played for some time but the cap in front of him was still empty--- nobody put any money into it. Mozart asked the old man, “Do you play compositions by Mozart?” The old man answered , “Now everybody knows Mozart and likes his music.” “Do you make a living by playing the violin?” The old man said he did. Mozart took over the violin from the old man and began to play.
He played so well that all the passers-by stopped to listen to the wonderful music and soon the old man felt surprised that the man could play so well. He asked Mozart, “Who are you, sir?” “a poor musician like you.” Then Mozart gave the violin to the old man and went away.
41. Mozart was _________ .
a.a poor musician
b.a famous musician
c.an old man
d.a passer-by
42. The old man played the violin in the street corner __________ .
a.to make a living
b.to give a performance
c.to learn music from Mozart
d.because everybody liked his music
43. Nobody gave money to the old man because___________ .
a.he played the composition by Mozart
b.he played the violin with Mozart
c.he didn’t play the violin very well
d.there was nobody in the street
44. All the passers-by stopped to listen to the music because __________ .
a.the old man played wonderfully
b.the composition was composed by Mozart
c.Mozart played very well
d.They felt surprised
45. Mozart __________ .
a.didn’t say who he was
b.said nothing and went away
c.said he was Mozart himself
d.said he liked the old man
B
Hawaii is American’s island state far out in the Pacific ocean. Many of Hawaii’s people are descendents of immigrants from different parts of Asia. Most of these Asians are of Japanese ancestry. The parents and grandparents of other Hawaiians came from China, the Philippine Islands, and Korea. In addition, there are some Polynesians in Hawaii. Their ancestors came to Hawaii thousands of years before any other people. Hawaii is rich in traditions. Hawaiians are Americans, but they have preserved the ceremonies of their homelands.
People from all over Hawaii come to see the Japanese O-bon Festival in memory of dead relatives and friends. This is an important part of the Buddhist religion. The O-bon ceremonies take place in July and August on Oahu, the main island of Hawaii. There is music of drums and flutes in the courtyards of Buddhist temples. Men and women, wearing traditional clothing called kimonos, do the folk dances of their ancestral land. In the evening the people go to the seashore. They place paper lanterns on hundreds of tiny wood boats. These lights lead the souls of the dead across the dark water to rest until the next year.
Chinese Hawaiians have their own way of celebrating the past. For the Moon-Festival in mid-August, Chinese stores sell delicious round cakes filled with meat. On the night of full moon, families get together in a garden or open-air space to eat these cakes and drink tea. The cakes are the same shape as the bright moon they see in the sky. Then the people remember how their ancestors won a war by sending secret messages to each other in round cakes. The moon festival is important because it helps Chinese-Hawaiians to recall the story of their brave ancestors.
46. According to the passage, most Asians in Hawaii ________ .
a.are of Chinese ancestry
b.are from the mainland of America
c.are descendants of immigrants from Japan
d.are from different parts of Asia
47. The first settlers in Hawaii were _______ .
a.Polynesians
b.Chinese
c.Japanese
d.Europeans
48. The Japanese celebrate the O-bon festival with _______ .
a.feast in a garden
b.music and folk dancing
c.a boat trip to Japan
d.their relatives and friends
49. According to the last paragraph, the ancient Chinese won a war ________ .
a.by filling round cakes with secrets
b.by using round cakes to send messages
c.with round cakes as a weapon
d. on the night of the full moon
50. The main idea of the passage is ___________ .
a.Hawaiians are not pure Americans
b.Hawaiians used to belong Asia
https://www.doczj.com/doc/577647329.html,n-Hawaiians have preserved their traditional ceremonies
d.Hawaiians is a place with different religions
Part Four: Translation30%
Section A — English into Chinese (15%)
51. Perhaps it was nervous, perhaps it was because, when you get very close, one to
another, it was very hard not to smile.
52. Learning is a very personal matter. There isn’t one study skill or learning str ategy that works for every person in every situation.
53. We have nothing left but the big family compartment, with two berths and a couple of armchairs in it, but it is entirely at your disposal.
54. Similar-sounding words can be especially confusing for people who speak English as
a second language.
55. I’m not afraid to ask anybody anything if I don’t know. Why should I be afraid? I’m trying to get somewhere.
Section B –-- Chinese into English (15%)
56.直到读了他的信，我才理解到成熟的友谊可以丰富我们的人生。
57.并不是每个人都能闻名世界。但如果你尽了全力，你仍可以被认为是一个成功
者。
58.你的同伴在门口一露面我就让出来了。他跟你描述的一模一样。
59.我没有理睬她，因为她期望我像对女王那样对待她。
60.看到女孩在站台上无助地四下张望，年轻的搬运工客气地问她是否需要帮助。
Part Five: Writing 10%
Directions: Write a letter to your friend to invite him or her to attend the birthday party according to the information given in Chinese.
1．在何时、何地举行生日宴会。
2．能否参加望能给予正确的信息，便于安排。
同济大学网络教育学院2006级（春）专科英语﹝二﹞
测验作业：一学号姓名得分 .
Answer Sheet
Part One: Vocabulary And Structure 30%
Section A & B
1. A B C D
2. A B C D
3. A B C D
4. A B C D .
5. A B C D
6. A B C D
7. A B C D
8. A B C D
9. A B C D 10. A B C D 11. A B C D 12. A B C D 13. A B C D 14. A B C D 15. A B C D 16. A B C D 17. A B C D 18. A B C D 19. A B C D 20. A B C D 21. A B C D 22. A B C D 23. A B C D 24. A B C D 25. A B C D 26. A B C D 27. A B C D 28. A B C D 29. A B C D 30. A B C D Part Two Cloze 10%
31. 32. 33. 34. 35. . 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. . Part Three： Reading Comprehension 20%
41. A B C D 42. A B C D 43. A B C D 44. A B C D 45. A B C D 46. A B C D 47. A B C D 48. A B C D 49. A B C D 50. A B C D Part Four：Translation 30%
Section A (15%).
Directions: Translate the following five sentences into Chinese.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
Section B (15%)
Directions: Translate the following five sentences into English.
56.
57
58.
59
60
Part Five: Writing 10%
Directions: Write a letter to your friend to invite him or her to attend the birthday party according to the information given in Chinese.
3．在何时、何地举行生日宴会。
4．能否参加望能给予正确的信息，便于安排。
2006级（春）专科英语二测验作业（一）答案
01—10 DCADB; DBBAC 11--20DADAB; CADBA
21—30 CDBBA; CACDB
Cloze:
31—40 along the way, entire, salesman, a success, short-term, realistic goals,
focus on, somewhere, direction, with that
41—50 BACCA; CABBC
51. 也许是紧张的缘故，也许是因为在人们相互靠得很进时，很难不笑。
52. 学习完全是一种因人而异的事情。没有一种学习技能或学习策略能在任何情况
下对任何人都有效。
53. 我们什么空地方都没了，只剩下那个大的家庭包房，里面有两个铺位和几把
扶手椅，但这一切都供您享用。
54. 发音相似的单词对把英语作为第二语言的人来说，特别容易让人混淆。
55. 如果我不懂的话，我不怕问任何人任何问题。我为什么要怕呢？我努力想有所
成就。
56. I didn’t understand that mature friendship could enrich our lives until I read his letter.
57.Not everyone is going to be world-famous. But if you have done your best, you can
still be considered a success.
58.I recognized your companion the minute he appeared at the door. He looked just as
you had described.
59.I turned my back on her because she expected me to treat her like a queen.
60.Seeing the girl looking around helplessly on the platform, the young porter asked her
politely if she needed any help.
The Writings are omitted.
同济大学网络教育学院2006级（春）专科英语﹝二﹞
测验作业：二学号姓名得分 .
Answer Sheet
Part One: Vocabulary And Structure 30%
Section A & B
1. A B C D
2. A B C D
3. A B C D
4. A B C D .
5. A B C D
6. A B C D
7. A B C D
8. A B C D
9. A B C D 10. A B C D 11. A B C D 12. A B C D 13. A B C D 14. A B C D 15. A B C D 16. A B C D 17. A B C D 18. A B C D 19. A B C D 20. A B C D 21. A B C D 22. A B C D 23. A B C D 24. A B C D 25. A B C D 26. A B C D 27. A B C D 28. A B C D 29. A B C D 30. A B C D Part Two： Reading Comprehension 30%
31. A B C D 32. A B C D 33. A B C D 34. A B C D 35. A B C D 36. A B C D 37. A B C D 38. A B C D 39. A B C D 40. A B C D 41. A B C D 42. A B C D 43. A B C D 44. A B C D 45. A B C D Part Three：Translation 30%
Directions: Translate the following ten sentences into English.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
Part Four: Writing 10%
56. The sender’s addr ess is __________________________________________________ .
57. The receiver’s address is _________________________________________________ .
58. The purpose of the email is to ______________________________________________ .
59. The time of the message receipt is ___________________________________________.
60. The reason the meeting has to be rescheduled is _________________________________ .
同济大学网络教育学院2006级（春）专科英语﹝二﹞
测验作业：二
Part One: Vocabulary and Structure 30%
Directions: In this section, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You are required to complete the sentences by deciding on the most appropriate choice.
1.The time and labor required may be less than our original _________ .
a. consideration
b. plan
c. estimate
d. schedule
2.If his lectures make so little _________ , why have they been allowed to continue?
a. sense
b. content
c. interest
d. index
3.For a beauty competition you need a pretty face and a god __________ .
a. factor
b. frame
c. fashion
d. figure
4.An old lady was living next door. I heard her __________ as I passed her room last night.
a. coughed
b. is coughing
c. cough
d. to cough
5.Cats have a very well developed sense of balance. They can change position while falling _________ they land on their feet.
a. just as
b. so that
c. lest
d. although
6.Over the past few years there have been great _________ in the understanding of how the brain works.
a. advances
b. progresses
c. movement
d. advantages
7.Some scientists ___________ that Earth’s temperature will ri se by as much as 2oC over next 20 years.
a. predict
b. advance
c. tell
d. proclaim
8.Television has been able to ensure that films of high quality are shown to large _________ .
a. people
b. mass
c. population
d. audiences
9.By manufacturing most of the drugs itself, the company has reduced costs by ________ 29 percent.
a. as many as
b. as many
c. as much
d. as much as
10.The project was a great success __________ the efforts of everyone involved.
a. due to
b. thanks to
c. as to
d. but to
11.John’s father __________ cancer when he was only 10 years old.
a. died
b. died of
c. dead
d. death
12.In the 1960s, coal was _________ cheap and plentiful oil, and new production
methods were introduced.
a. taken place
b. taken the place
c. replaced with
d. replaced
13.He was educated at the local grammar school, _________ he went on to Cambridge.
a. which
b. where
c. after which
d. when
14.___________ become a doctor, as his father wished, he would have earned a large
salary.
a. Had he
b. He had
c. Would he
d. He would
15.So diligently __________ that he often forgets to eat and sleep.
a. does he work
b. he works
c. has he worked
d. he has worked
16.During the past ten years, there have been __________ changes in the international
situation.
a. lasting
b. powerful
c. severe
d. dramatic
17.Thomas had __________ that no one dared to go near his house.
a. so a fierce dog
b. such a fierce dog
c. how fierce a dog
d. what a fierce dog
18.When metal becomes hot, it ____________ .
a. expands
b. enlarges
c. develops
d. increases
19._________ you are coming to London is the best news I have heard in a long time.
a. While
b. What
c. That
d. As
20.I think it will rain this afternoon, but my brother thinks __________ .
a. seriously
b. similarly
c. logically
d. otherwise
21.It’s not that the house is too expensive, _______ that it is not big enough.
a. and
b. as
c. but
d. since
22.________ caught the 10 o’clock train, we could have got there by lunch time.
a. If had we
b. Had we
c. If had
d. We had
23.He shouldn’t have risked his life just to save a cat but you have to ________ his
courage.
a. respect
b. admire
c. expect
d. permit
24.We can take a boat to Florida or, as a(n) __________ , we can fly there.
a. choice
b. alternative
c. selection
d. election
25.They have two things in ________ --- they are both English and they are both left-
handed.
a. difference
b. conflict
c. common
d. concern
26.She is so afraid of her uncle that she goes to great lengths ________ him.
a. avoiding
b. avoid
c. to avoid
d. to avoiding
27.We made a proposal to build a new shopping center, but to our __________ it was
rejected.
a. satisfaction
b. relief
c. admiration
d. disappointment
28.Here we are, sitting around arguing about politics. ___________ the fighting goes on
and people are getting killed.
a. While
b. When
c. As
d. Meanwhile
29.While shopping, people s ometimes can’t help __________ into buying something
they don’t really need.
a. to persuade
b. persuading
c. being persuaded
d. be persuaded
30.To ___________ as a doctor you have to study a long time and pass exams.
a. regard
b. qualify
c. educate
d. treat
Part Two: Reading Comprehension 30%
Directions: In this section, there are 3 reading passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. There are four choices marked A, B, C and D after each question or statement. You are required to decide on the best choice.
A
Doctors have known for a long time that extremely loud noises can cause hearing damage or loss. This noise can be the sound of a plane or machines in factories or loud
music or other common sounds found at home or at work. A person only needs to hear the noise for little more than one second to be affected.
An American scientist has found that using aspirin can increase the temporary hearing loss or damage from loud noise. He did an experiment, using a number of students at a university, who all had normal hearing. He gave them different amounts of aspirin for different periods of time. He had them listen to loud noise for a short time, then he tested their hearing ability. He found that students who were given four grams of aspirin a day for two days suffered much greater temporary hearing loss than those who did not use aspirin. The hearing loss was about twice as great.
The scientist said that millions of persons in the United States use much greater amounts of aspirin than were used in the study. He said these persons face a serious danger of suffering hearing loss from loud noise.
31. Doctors have long known that hearing damage or loss can be caused by __________ .
a.loud noises
b.sounds of all kinds
https://www.doczj.com/doc/577647329.html,mon sounds at home
d.terribly loud noises
32. By conducting an experiment, the American scientist tried to find out __________ .
a.whether using aspirin would affect a person’s hearing ability
b.whether university students’ hearing ability is better than others’
c.how many Americans take great amounts of aspirin every day
d.why people face a serious danger of suffering hearing loss from loud noises
33. According to this passage, the findings of the experiment is that using aspirin can
___________ .
a.improve one’s hearing ability
b.increase hearing loss by 50 percent
c.increase temporary hearing loss from loud noises
d.protect persons from losing their hearing ability
34. Millions of Americans are in danger of suffering hearing loss because they ________ .
a.take too much aspirin every day
b.often take planes on trips
c.are surrounded by loud noises at home or at work
d.like listening to loud music
35. The writer’s purpose in writing this passage is to _________ .
a.explain how extremely loud noises affect persons’ hearing ability
b.make people aware of the consequences of using aspirin
c.test how good a person’s hearing abilit y is
d.illustrate how hearing is related to very loud noise
B
There is a vital need for national parks. We must have them as places where plants and animals can be preserved in the natural state for all time. And we need parks as a retreat from the crowded bustling life of cities.
Our record for conservation in Australia is poor. Half of the animal species existing at the time of Captain Cook’s arrival are now extinct.
Australia has wildlife that is not found in the native state in any other part of the world. This wildlife is therefore of particular scientific value. In New South Wales the National Parks and Wildlife Service is responsible for the care of our native plants and animals in their natural environment. One of the aims of this service is to educate people in the need for conservation. The service also provides facilities for recreation in parks and Wilderness areas throughout the state.
A UNESCO(联合国教科文组织) study stated that a country should strive to retain 5 per cent of its land as national parks. Australia at present is below this figure but there is a community awareness of the need to increase it and new areas are being proclaimed almost annually.
In the years to come our national parks will be one of our valuable assets. As our population grows and our cities become more crowded, parks will become vital as retreats from the pressures of modern urbanized living.
36. The passage mainly focuses on __________ .
a.Australia’s wildlife
b.Captain Cook’s arrival in Australia
c.the importance of national parks
d.a UNESCO study
37. Judging from the passage, when Captain Cook first arrived in Australia, _________ .
a.Australia began its historical record
b.Conservation in Australia was already poor
c.There were not so many animal species as now
d.There were twice as many animal species as now
38. In the last line of the third paragraph, “the state” refers to ___________ .
a.Australia
b.The native state
c.New South Wales
d.the National Parks and Wildlife Service
39. According to the passage, all the following statements are true except _________ .
a.All of Australia’s wildlife can be found in other parts of the world.
b.It is the job of the National Parks and Wildlife Service to look after the native
plants and animals.
c.Now Australia has less than 5 per cent of its land as national parks.
d.At present, the number of national parks in Australia is steadily increasing.
40. According to the passage, national parks in Australia are important for __________ .
a.the benefits of both the wildlife and the people
b.the annual income of the government
c.UNESCO study and research
d.the scientific value of the National Parks and Wildlife Service
C
One cold morning in winter, when I was a little boy, a smiling man with an ax on his shoulder stopped me, saying, “My pretty boy, has your father a grindstone(砂轮)?”
“Yes, sir,” said I.
“You are a fine little fellow!” said the man. “Will you let me grind （磨）my ax?”
Pleased with the flattery, I answered, “Oh, yes, sir. The grindstone is down in the shop.”
Pa tting me on my head, he said, “Will you get me some hot water?” I ran and brought the hot water.
“How old are you, and what is your mane?” he asked, without waiting for a reply, “I’m sure you are one of the finest boys I have ever seen. Will you turn the grindstone a few minutes for me?”
Hearing the flattery again, I went to work with a will. It was a new ax, and I worked hard until I was almost tired to death. The school bell rang, but I could not get away, because the ax was not half ground.
At last, however, it was sharpened. Then the man turned to me and said, “Now, you little rascal(小坏蛋), you have played truant(旷课)! Run to school, or you’ll be sorry!”
“Alas!” thought I. “It was hard enough to turn a grindstone this cold day, but now to be called a rascal is too much.”
The memory of turning the grindstone that winter morning sank deep into my mind. I have thought of it since. Now, whenever I hear words of flattery, I say to myself. “That man has ax to grind.”
41. In this passage, the word “flattery” means _______ .
a.nice words used beyond the truth
b.an order or direction
c.kind words spoken by elder people to children
d.good manner
42. When he heard the flattery, the boy ______ .
a.asked his father to help the man
b.wanted to play truant
c.was only too glad to help the man
d.was afraid to accept the work
43. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
a.When the work was finished, the boy was tired.
b.When the work was finished, the boy heard more words of flattery.
c.When the work was finished, the boy was late for school.
d.When the work was finished, the boy felt hurt by the man’s words.
44. The man called the boy “rascal” because _______ .
a.he didn’t need the boy any more
b.he thought that boys should go to school on time
c.his ax was damaged
d.he did not like the boy
45. Today in the English language “That man has an ax to grind” means _______.
a.that man has some selfish reasons for his actions
b.that man has needs to sharpen his ax
c.that man is very kind to boys
d.that man works with an ax
Part Four : Translation 30%
Directions: Translate the following ten sentences into English.
46．简而言之，你的努力一定会得到回报的。
47．如果他实话实说，就不会有今天这样的尴尬场面了。
48．他的老板拒绝给他涨工资，并同时向公司提议解聘他。
49．我在一生的不同阶段当过老师、推销员、经理等。现在我的职业生涯兜了一圈又回到了起点，我又在自己30年前离开的大学里教书了。
50．如果他工作努力的话，他肯定已经通过了各项考试。
51．不是她真的生气了，而是她很累了。
52．这两个毫无共同之处的人成了朋友
53．与其不辞辛劳地在书里翻找，你还不如上网去查。
54．过去的十年目睹了计算机科学与技术以令人目眩的速度飞速进展。
55．一旦把计算机连上因特网，你会发现网上的许多服务——例如电子邮件——都是免费服务。
Part Four：Writing 10%
Directions: Read the following email and complete the information by filling in the
同济大学土木工程学院大楼调研 ●建筑概况 同济大学土木工程学院大楼占地面积为2484平方米，建 筑面积为14920平方米。该楼地上8层，地下1层。主设计 师：钱峰。（右图为总平面图） ●平面主要功能 一层平面主要是一个展览大厅，一个报告厅，以及一些 办公室；二层平面与一层平面相类似，有一个室内平台供研 究生交流与学习，其余都是一些班级与办公室。从三层以上， 平面面积减小，主要是教师办公用地以及实验室。而在六楼的走道内，有摆设了较多的展板以供大家学习。四层以上都设置了过道，使得主楼与副楼之间的联系更加紧密。地下一 层则有些模型展示以及办公室。一层楼架空，其下是一个停车场。 逃生楼梯东西两侧各一个，中间也设置了个较大的逃生楼梯。（以下三张分别是一层、二层与四层平面图） ●结构体系 木土工程学院大楼设计中采用了钢框架与混凝土体墙体相结合的结构体系。它具有承载强度高、抗震性能好等优点。 钢结构的采用往往与它所相关的一系列技术紧密结合它是一项综合性要求高,集钢结构，建筑节能、保温、建筑防火、建筑隔声、新型建筑、设施施工于一体的集成化技术。该楼采用了暴露框架与金属波形外墙挂扳组合的方法，例如在处理钢框架与外墙的关系上，暴露的钢结构框架很好地将结构体系展示出来，体现出现代建筑的高效、简练和工业化的特征 。而金属波形外墙挂扳由于可以由厂家负责加工切制完成，到现场安装，因此大大减低了施工难度，加快了施工进度，同时使外立面增强了一种材质肌理的变化，在阳光的照射下 显得更加生动。此外土木工程学院大楼的钢结构构件与节点除了起到结构体系的作用之外，还直接地作为室内装饰的元素展现在大家面前，例如入口大厅内顶棚的钢结构、钢柱以及一些钢结构联系构件与结点都与室内装饰紧密地结合在一起，很好地诠释了钢结构体系的特征。就钢结构框架简化该楼结构体系，其结构类似于。横 向和纵向梁与柱之间均做成刚性连接，组成一空间刚架， 即横向和纵向都是刚架。其中纵向柱距比横向柱距（跨度） 小， 楼层垂直荷载主要传给横向刚架。这样横向刚架承受垂直 荷载和纵向水平荷载，而纵向刚架则仅承受较小的垂直荷 载和纵向水平荷载。这样使得刚架中刚度较小的横向刚架 得到加强。刚架中的梁主要是受弯构件，轴力较小；柱则 是压力和弯矩都很大的压弯构件。（有图为结构示意图）
某砂类土挖方边坡， ，KPa，KN/m3，m，采用边坡1︰0.5。假定。 ①验算边坡的稳定性； ②当时，求允许边坡坡度； ③当时，求边坡允许最大高度。 解：据题意，砂类土挖方边坡适用于直线滑动面解析法稳定性系数计算公式求算。 ；； ；=63°26′。 ①求边坡最小稳定性系数 ＞ 因此，该边坡稳定。 ②当=1.25时，求最大允许边坡坡度 经整理得： 解得：，取 因此：当=1.25时，求最大允许边坡坡度为1：0.41。 ③当=1.25时，求边坡允许最大高度
经整理得： 解得：， 由： 得： 因此:当=1.25时，边坡允许最大高度为。 某路堤填料，边坡1：1.5，砂类土，判断是否失稳。 解：据直线滑动面稳定性系数计算式 对于砂类土，取C=0， 则 取K=1.25， 则 因<, 该路堤边坡角的正切值小于填料摩擦系数的0.8倍，故该边坡不会滑动，因而是稳定的。 某路堤填料KPa，KN/m3，，m。试分析边坡稳定性。 解：设滑动圆弧通过坡脚，据已知条件适合用圆弧法的表解法解题。由题意知边坡斜度 ，查表4-2得：
，若，则边坡稳定； 若，则边坡不稳定。 可以先假定，利用表解法反求值或边坡高度值。 如本例中取，不变，取 所以： 同样，假定，改变坡率以减缓边坡，计算值，直到 什么是最佳含水量？为什么最佳含水量可以获得好的压实效果？怎样控制含水量？ 使土体产生最大干密度时的含水量，称之为最佳含水量。最佳含水量能得到最好的压实效果，这是因为：当土中含水量较小时，主要为粘结水，形成包裹在土颗粒外围很薄的水膜，土颗粒间的摩阻力较大，因而土颗粒难以挤密，不容易压实。随着含水量逐渐增大，水在土颗粒间起着润滑作用，土体变得易于压实。若土中含水量进一步增大，土中空隙被自由水充盈，压实效果反而降低。因此，只有在最佳含水量条件下，才能获得最好的压实效果。实际工作中，当填料含水量小于最佳含水量时，可以在整型工序前12~24h 均匀洒水，闷料一夜后再行碾压；如果填料含水量小于最佳含水量，应翻拌晾晒或掺石灰，使含水量略大于（0.5%~1.0%）时进行碾压。 在重复荷载作用下，路基将产生什么样的变形结果？为什么？ 路基在重复荷载作用下，将产生弹性变形和塑性变形。每一次荷载作用之后，回弹变形即行消失，而塑性变形不再消失，并随荷载作用次数的增加而累积逐渐加大，但随着荷载作用次数的增加，每一次产生的塑性变形逐渐减小。产生的变形结果有两种： ①土粒进一步靠拢，土体进一步逐渐密实而稳定； ②累积变形逐步发展成剪切破坏。 出现哪一种变形结果取决于三种因素： ①土的类别和所处的状态（含水量、密实度、结构状态）。 ②应力水平（亦称相对荷载）。相当于一次静载作用对的应力极限δ极重复作用的应力程度。
《机械制造基础》课程标准 课程编码： 适用专业:数控、机电 学时：72 开课学期：第3学期 一、课程性质 必修课 二、课程培养目标 本课程的培养目标是： 培养学生掌握各种金属切削机床的操作与典型零件的加工，对零件加工工艺规程的与装配工艺规程的制走。 （—）知识目标 熟练掌握金属切削机床的基础知识和简单的工艺理论知识,工件的走位与装夹等，并能进行熟练的车床、铢床、钻床等机床操作。 （二）素质目标 培养学生认真做事、独立思考、较强的与人交流、合作的团队意识和良好的职业道德，熟悉保证零件加工质量的工艺扌昔施。 （三）能力目标 能进行零部件简单的工艺安扫舔口工序设计，并能进行各种机床加工操作 三、与前后课程的联系。 （—）与前续课程的联系 逬一步加深对枷械制图、车工实习、机械制造技术等课程的理解,为零件的正确加工奠走专业基础。 （二）与后续课程的联系 本课程与"机械设计基础".车工实习及“机械加工工艺基础"有着密切关系。通过本课程的理论教学与"实际操作实习"相结合，使学生初步掌握对零件进行加工的工艺分析、工序设计的能力，并具有操作金属切削机床加工出符合零件图样要求的合格零件的技能。 四、课程内容标准和要求 根据专业课程目标和涵盖的工作任务要求，确走课程内容和要求，说明学生应获得的知识、技能与态度。
五、教学实施建议 （一）推荐教材 教材：钮平章、阎瑞涛主编《机械制造基础》北京冶金工业出版社2009年第1版 （二）教学参考资料 <2）同济大学郭宗莲、秦宝荣主编《机械制造工艺学》中国建材工业岀版社 （三）教师素质要求 熟悉金属切削机床（车、铢、刨、磨、钻等）的结构和工作原理，能合理安排零部件加匸工艺等基本理论知识,并熟悉机床的加工操作方法。 （四）教学场地、设施要求 多媒体教室、学院实习工厂（实习车间）
福建警察学院 《高等数学一》课程教学大纲 课程名称：高等数学一 课程编号： 学分：4 适用对象： 一、课程的地位、教学目标和基本要求 (一)课程地位 高等数学是各专业必修的一门重要的基础理论课程，它具有高度的抽象性、严密的逻辑性和应用的广泛性，对培养和提高学生的思维素质、创新能力、科学精神、治学态度以及用数学解决实际问题的能力都有着非常重要的作用。高等数学课程不仅仅是学习后继课程必不可少的基础，也是培养理性思维的重要载体，在培养学生数学素养、创新意识、创新精神和能力方面将会发挥其独特作用。 （二）教学目标 通过本课程的学习，逐步培养学生使其具有数学运算能力、抽象思维能力、空间想象能力、科学创新能力，尤其具有综合运用数学知识、数学方法结合所学专业知识去分析和解决实际问题的能力，一是为后继课程提供必需的基础数学知识；二是传授数学思想，培养学生的创新意识，逐步提高学生的数学素养、数学思维能力和应用数学的能力。 （三）基本要求 1、基本知识、基本理论方面：掌握理解极限和连续的基本概念及其应用；熟悉导数与微分的基本公式与运算法则；掌握中值定理及导数的应用；掌握不定积分的概念和积分方法；掌握定积分的概念与性质；掌握定积分在几何上的应用。 2、能力、技能培养方面：掌握一元微积分的基本概念、基本理论、基本运算技能和常用的数学方法，培养学生利用微积分解决实际问题的能力。
二、教学内容与要求 第一章函数与极限 【教学目的】 通过本章学习 1、理解函数的概念，了解函数的几种特性（有界性），掌握复合函数的概念及其分 解，掌握基本初等函数的性质及其图形，理解初等函数的概念。 2、理解数列极限的概念、掌握数列极限的证明方法、了解收敛数列的性质。 3、理解函数极限和单侧极限的概念，掌握函数极限的证明方法、理解极限存在与 左、右极限之间的关系，了解函数极限的性质。 4、理解无穷小和无穷大的概念、掌握无穷大和无穷小的证明方法。 5、掌握极限运算法则。 6、了解极限存在的两个准则，并会利用它们求极限，掌握利用两个重要极限求极 限的方法。 7、掌握无穷小的比较方法，会用等价无穷小求极限。 8、理解函数连续性的概念（含左连续与右连续），会判别函数间断点的类型。 9、了解连续函数的运算和初等函数的连续性， 10、了解闭区间上连续函数的性质（有界性、最大值和最小值定理、介值定理）， 并会应用这些性质。 【教学重点与难点】 本章重点是求函数极限的方法（极限运算法则、两个重要极限、无穷小的比较、初等函数的连续性）。难点是数列、函数极限的证明方法。 【教学内容】 第一节映射与函数 一、映射 1.映射概念
作业练习一 一、单项选择题（在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的。） １、按照强度构成原理划分下列路面结构层，其中只有_______为嵌锁型。() A.二灰土 B.级配碎石 C.填隙碎石 D.天然砂砾 ２、基层顶面当量回弹模量是表征_________强度和刚度的力学指标。() A.基层 B.土基 C.垫层 D.综合A、B、C ３、对于土质地基，基础埋置深度应符合下列要求() A.无冲刷时，应在天然地面以下至少1m B.有冲刷时，应在天然地面以下至少1m C.对土质地基，如受冻胀影响时，应在冻结线以下不少于0.5m D.对碎石、砾石和砂类地基，基础埋深不宜少于1.5m ４、新建公路路基干湿类型的初步判断的方法采用（）。 A.填方或挖方高度 B.含水量 C.路基临界高度 D.分界相对稠度 ５、水泥混凝土路面现行设计规范采用（）理论。 A.弹性层状体系 B.极限荷载 C.经验法 D.弹性地基板 ６、某路基已知路床顶以下80cm的平均相对含水量为20%，此种粘性土的塑限为15%，液限为35%。已知稠度分界值为Wc1=1.1,Wc2=0.95,Wc3=0.80，则该路基处于（）状态。 A.干燥 B.中湿 C.潮湿 D.过湿 ７、我国公路自然区划的一级区划是按( )。 A．潮湿系数 B．地理位置、经济状况 C．各地方的自然特点、人口数量 D．水热平衡和地理位置 ８、公路路基用土中，最好的填料为( )。 A.砂 B.石质土和砂质土 C.粉性土 D.粘性土 ９、路基边沟、截水沟、取土坑或路基附近的积水，主要通过( )排除到路基以外的天然河沟中。 A.涵洞 B.跌水 C.排水沟 D.盲沟 １０、护坡道的宽度一般不小于( )。 A.2.5m B.2m C.1.5m D.1m １１、在原有路面上铺筑水泥混凝土路面时，板下基础当量回弹模量可以通过( )确定。 A.查表法 B.承载板或弯沉检测
大庆师范学院 实训总结报告 实训课题: 金工实训 姓名: 杨自勋 学院: 生物工程学院 专业: 生物制药 班级: 2013级生物制药一班 学号: 201312090133 日期2015年3月21日—2015年5月8日指导教师: 孙鹏翔 物理与电气信息工程学院实验中心监制
目录 1 实训的目的意义简介 (1) 2 常用量具的使用…………………………………………………… 2.1游标卡尺…………………………………………………………… 2.2千分尺……………………………………………………………… 3 钳工加工……………………………………………………………… 3.1 划线操作…………………………………………………………… 3.2 锯削………………………………………………………………… 3.3 锉削………………………………………………………………… 3.4 钻削………………………………………………………………… 3.5攻丝………………………………………………………………… 3.6 套丝………………………………………………………………… 4 经验体会……………………………………………………………参考文献………………………………………………………………
实训项目：制作手锤㈠目的要求 （1）认识钳工设备，工具，量具性能并正确使用。 （2）掌握钳工划线，锯削，锉削，钻孔，攻丝， 套螺纹等操作技术。 （3）掌握钳工加工工艺，按图纸要求完成加工制 作，培养学生动手操作能力。 （4）实验设备.工具.量程：台钻.砂轮机.切割机. 台虎钳.化针.样冲.锉刀.锯工.高度游标卡尺. 直尺.表卡尺等。 ㈡实训内容： （1）综合练习划线.锯削.锉削.钻孔. 攻螺纹.套螺纹等技术。 （2）完成如图所示锤头和手锤柄的加工组装工作。
同济大学汽车学院汽车电子方向: 卓桂荣性别- 女(46岁出生年月- 1968年11月 职称- 副教授行政职务- 导师类型- 硕导 研究方向- 汽车底盘电子控制技术 电子邮箱- grzhuo@https://www.doczj.com/doc/577647329.html, 办公电话- 021-******** 通讯地址- 上海市曹安路4800号同济大学汽车学院,邮编:201804 卓桂荣,1968年11月出生,1990年毕业于东北重型机械学院,同年分配至哈尔滨轧钢厂工作。1997年-2002年考入哈尔滨工业大学攻读硕/博士学位,硕士课题为“三指灵巧手结构设计与运动学分析”,博士课题“并联机床数控系统的研制”。2002年入同济大学汽车学院继续博士后研究,博士后课题国家科技部863项目“四轮驱动电动汽车关键技术的研究”。2004年12月留校工作至今。 主要研发经历及成果: [1] 2006年完成了华普混合动力轿车管柱助力式EPS系统的研制,并已申请实用新型专利。 [2] 研制了线控转向系统(SBW及驾驶模拟试验装置,荣获2005年上海国际工业博览会“中国高校”展区优秀展品特等奖。 [3] 2005年研制了具有转角限位功能和高精度传感器冗余技术的线控转向系统,已应用于春晖系列线控转向电动汽车和驾驶模拟器。 [4] 参加了上海市科委“EPS电动助力转向”项目,完成了非接触式传感器管柱助力式电动助力转向器的设计,应用该转向器的转向系统台架参加了2005第七届上海国际工业博览会,获得好评。该结构已申请发明和实用新型专利。
[5] 2002年-2004年博士后期间参与国家科技部863电动汽车重大专项燃料电池轿车项目子课题“四轮驱动电动汽车关键技术的研究”项目,负责“春晖二号”电动汽车底盘设计和整车总布置、电动轮加载试验台架结构及控制系统的设计调试;线控4WD/4WS 台架的方案论证及结构设计;“春晖三号”4WD电动汽车线控转向控制系统的研制与调试;线控转向硬件在回路仿真台架结构与控制系统设计;四轮驱动电动汽车的整车控制:驱动防滑控制、转速闭环控制、转矩闭环控制等。 [6] 2003年获中国博士后科学基金三等奖资助,完成了“电动轮参数化模型库的建立”项目。 [7] 四轮驱动微型电动汽车概念模型“春晖一号”的研制,获2003年上海国际汽车城首届创新人才精英赛精英奖。 [8] “并联机床的研制”,获2001年“黑龙江省科学技术进步三等奖”。 [9] 参与“七自由度并串联叶片专用机床的研制”项目,单独承担数控系统软件的研制。于2002年通过鉴定并已投入生产,现已售出多台。 [10]参与“X射线野外管道焊缝检测机械手的研制”项目,负责机械手腕部和地线钻孔装置的设计。应用于大庆石油管理总局野外管道焊缝的X射线检测,于1999年投入使用。 [11] “φ1500热锯片修磨与淬火装置研制”,获95年哈尔滨市冶金工业总公司科技成果一等奖。 [12] “160吨剪切机剪刃基座的改造”,获94年哈尔滨市总工会“千百十”活动技术攻关项目二等奖。 [13] “降低520油泵站事故”项目,获92年黑龙江省冶金工业厅优秀质量管理成果奖。 主要论文:原地转向电动汽车参数化模型的建立(EI-05289208156、并联机床数控系统软件开发(EI-024********、4WD电动汽车转速闭环控制、全方位线控四轮
同济大学继续教育学院2012学年秋季学期期终考试 专升本大学英语（二）课程考试题（复习卷）学号 Part I. Vocabulary & Structure (30%) Directions: Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. 1.As the semester is drawing to an end, the student union is calling on all the students to ____ the temptation to cheat on exams. A. refuse B. reject C. resist D. resolve 2.Y ou don’t agree with me on this matter, I know, but ____ you’ll see I am in the right. A. at times B. in time C. at one time D. all the time 3.As some of the rules concerning foreign trade ran contrary to the principles of the WTO, the government decided to ____ them as soon as possible. A. abolish B. accomplish C. distinguish D. establish 4.It is impossible for me to sing a song these days, for my voice is ____. A. going of B. going to C. going off D. going away 5.The old man regained consciousness and found himself lying in a room which had nothing but ____ walls. A. blank B. empty C. vacant D. bare 6.The typical symptom of the epidemic SARS is ____ high fever and acute cough. A. persistent B. resistant C. subsequent D. perseverant 7.The Christmas dinner includes poultry for the main course, salad, bread, and vegetables, and ____ a variety of desserts, for example, pies, puddings and ice-cream. A. involves B. features C. characterizes D. protrudes 8.____ the events of last week, I think, we could have handled things more efficiently. A. Falling back on B. Looking back on C. Getting back on D. Going back on 9.A suicide bomb exploded in a Jewish ____, killing dozens of people. A. site B. plantation C. terminal D. settlement 10.In the last few years, the Internet and the World Wide Web have become
考研专业科目 集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-
081203?计算机应用技术专业 初试笔试科目： 数据结构《数据结构》（C语言版）严蔚敏清华大学出版社 复试笔试科目： ①操作系统《计算机操作系统》（修订版）汤子赢西安电子科技大学出版社 ② ③编译原理《编译原理》蒋立源西北工业大学出版社 同等学力加试2门笔试科目： ①离散数学《离散数学及其在计算机中应用》徐洁磐人民邮电出版社《离散数学》左孝凌上海科技文献出版社，1981 ②C程序设计《C语言程序设计》（第2版）谭浩强清华大学出版社081002信号与信息处理专业 初试笔试科目： 数字电路《数字电路与逻辑设计》蔡良伟西安电子科技大学出版社 复试笔试科目： 专业基础知识无指定参考书
同等学力加试2门笔试科目： ①信号与系统《Signals&Systems》（美）A.V.Oppenheim着刘树棠译西安交通大学出版社 ②微机原理《微型计算机技术及应用》戴梅萼清华大学出版社 081001通信与信息系统专业 初试笔试科目： 数字电路《数字电路与逻辑设计》蔡良伟西安电子科技大学出版社 复试笔试科目： 专业基础知识综合《通信原理》樊昌信等国防科技大学出版社 同等学力加试2门笔试科目： ①信号与系统《Signals&Systems》（美）A.V.Oppenheim着刘树棠译西安交通大学出版社 ②微机原理《微型计算机技术及应用》戴梅萼清华大学出版社 080902电路与系统 初试笔试科目：
普通物理学《普通物理学》第一、二、三册(第五版)程守洙高等教育出版社 复试笔试科目： 电子技术基础《模拟电子技术基础简明教程》清华大学电子学教研室《数字电子技术基础简明教程》清华大学电子学教研室 高等教育出版社 同等学力加试2门笔试科目： ①电路《电路分析基础》上、中、下册李翰荪高等教育出版社 ②信号与系统《信号与系统》郑君里等高等教育出版社 080201机械制造及其自动化专业 080202机械电子工程专业 初试笔试科目： ①电子技术（含模拟和数字两部分） 《模拟电子技术基础简明教程》清华大学电子学教研室 《数字电子技术基础简明教程》清华大学电子学教研室 高等教育出版社 ②机械设计基础《机械设计基础》杨可桢、程光蕴高等教育出版社 复试笔试科目：
混凝土结构基本原理实验报告书 学号: 姓名： 任课老师： 实验老师：林峰 实验组别： A6
梁斜拉QC1实验报告 一、试验原始资料的整理 1、试验对象的考察与检查 件尺寸（矩形截面）：b×h×l＝119×202×1800mm； 构件净跨度：1500mm; 混凝土强度等级：C20； 纵向受拉钢筋的种类：HRB335； 箍筋的种类：HPB300； 纵向钢筋混凝土保护层厚度：15mm； 试件表面刷白，绘制50mm*50mm的网格。 2、材料的力学性能试验结果 混凝土抗压强度试验数据 试验内容：混凝土立方体试块抗压强度 试件编号 试件尺寸 （mm）试件破坏荷载 （kN） 试件承压面积 （mm2） 强度评定 （MPa） 1100×99×100184990018.586 2100×99×100194990019.596 3100×99×100188990018.990 平均19.057试验内容：混凝土棱柱体试块轴心抗压强度 试件编号 试件尺寸 （mm）试件破坏荷载 （kN） 试件承压面积 （mm2） 强度评定 （MPa） 199×100×298124990012.525 299×100×298132990013.333 399×100×313108990010.909 平均12.256 =18.1MPa= 11.6MPa 钢筋拉伸试验数据
钢筋Φ4Φ6Φ8Φ10Φ12Φ14Φ18Φ22 (M Pa)316.94 6 302.2449 222.4077 466.1718 398.4823 422.1161 408.3805 492.927 (M Pa)372.21 2 474.8413 170.7887 677.7483 557.2487 656.7253 614.0465 676.213 3、试验计划与方案及实施过程中的一切变动情况记录 3.1梁受弯性能概述 根据梁正截面受弯破坏过程及破坏形态，可将梁分为适筋梁、超筋梁和少筋梁三种类型。下面以纯弯段内只配置纵向受拉钢筋的截面为例，说明这三种破坏模式[7]。 a)适筋梁的受弯破坏过程 b)超筋梁的受弯破坏过程 c)少筋梁的受弯破坏过程 3.2试验目的和要求 a)参加并完成规定的实验项目内容，理解和掌握钢筋混凝土适筋梁受弯实验的实验方 法和实验结果，通过实践掌握试件的设计、实验结果整理的方法。 b)写出实验报告。在此过程中，加深对混凝土适筋梁受弯性能的理解。 3.3试件设计和制作 （1）试件设计的依据 根据剪跨比 和弯剪区箍筋配筋量的调整，可将试件设计为剪压、斜压和斜拉破坏。 进行试件设计时，应保证梁受弯极限荷载的预估值比剪极限荷载预估值大。 （2）试件的主要参数 件尺寸（矩形截面）：b×h×l＝120×200×1800mm； 构件净跨度：1500mm; 混凝土强度等级：C20； 纵向受拉钢筋的种类：HRB335； 箍筋的种类：HPB300； 纵向钢筋混凝土保护层厚度：15mm； 试件的配筋情况见表3.3.1和图3.3.1； 试件 编号试件特征配筋情况 加载位置 b（mm） 预估受剪 极限荷载 预估受弯 极限荷载
沥青混凝土路面工程施工方案 沥青混凝土路面施工中存在的工艺问题。结合现场施工，介绍沥青混合料转运车对改善沥青混合料温度和级配分布及路面施工质量的影响。根据沥青混凝土路面施工工艺及机械运行规律，提出了机群智能控制系统结构方案。 我国高速公路将仅次于美国，跃居世界第二位；2010年,“五纵七横”国道主干线将基本建成，到2020年，公路总里程将达到145万公里，其中高等级、次高级路面占公路总里程的50％以上。 在已通车的高速公路中，刚性和半刚性基层沥青路面约占80% 。与国外沥青路面相比较，我国沥青路面的整体质量不高，包括高速公路在内的绝大部分沥青路面在交付使用2～3年后就出现路面早期损坏，严重影响道路的使用率和通行率，同时带来巨大的经济损失。因此，提高沥青路面的施工质量，延长道路的使用寿命，已经成为我国公路行业发展的当务之急。 1、目前沥青路面施工中存在的问题 传统的沥青路面铺筑施工工艺是将沥青混合料设备生产的沥青混合料由自卸卡车运输到施工现场，并卸至沥青摊铺机的料斗中，经摊铺机进行摊铺后，由压路机对路面进行最终压实。国内外的施工实践证明，用这种传统工艺铺筑成形的路面早期破损现象比较严重，致使道路的维修费用大大增加，寿命缩短，使用率降低。造成路面早期损坏的主要原因有如下三个方面： (1)自卸车在装料、运输及卸料过程中导致沥青混合料出现三次材料离析和温度离析。 (2)因摊铺机料斗容量小、自卸卡车数量少等因素导致摊铺机停机待料，
摊铺工作不能连续进行，造成路面结合处粘接力及其他力学性能的差异。 (3)自卸车卸料时对摊铺机进行碰撞和顶推，造成的路面的横向接缝（即纵向波）。 影响沥青混凝土路面铺筑施工质量及施工成本的因素除施工工艺外,单机性能及机群协同性方面也有重要作用。在为沥青路面施工提供全新的控制与监测工具。整个控制系统由地面子系统（GSS）、定位子系统（PSS）和机载子系统（OBSS）组成[1]。 在国家863计划“机群智能化工程机械”重大专项经费支持下，以追求最终产品质量最优为目标，分别从“沥青路面施工工艺”、“单机智能化”和“机群监控与优化调度”三个方面，研究生产过程中各要素的约束机制及影响产品质量的工艺因素，寻求生产线中各环节的最优匹配与协调及单机最优状态调整的控制策略，旨在为施工企业和业主提供沥青路面施工的整体解决方案。 2、沥青混合料转运车及转运—摊铺工艺 为了提高沥青路面面层的施工质量，欧美国家提出了转运摊铺的施工工艺。三一重工股份有限公司在国内率先倡导这种工艺，并开发了国内第一台沥青混合料转运车LHZ25。 新工艺是在运料汽车与摊铺机之间增加转运车。转运车的二次搅拌使得在前面环节中造成的温度和级配离析的沥青混合料得到充分的拌合。同时，避免了运料汽车对摊铺机的碰撞。转运车的供料速度不受其它因素的干扰，保证摊铺机上的混合料数量始终是恒定的，拌和机和运料汽车在供料方面的不均衡通过转运车的料斗储存量得以调节，确保了摊铺机匀速稳定的摊铺，
“机械制造基础”-课程标准 《机械制造基础》课程标准 课程编码: 适用专业:数控、机电 学时:72 开课学期: 第3学期 一、课程性质 必修课 二、课程培养目标 本课程的培养目标是: 培养学生掌握各种金属切削机床的操作与典型零件的加工～对零件加工工艺规程的与装配工艺规程的制定。 ,一,知识目标 熟练掌握金属切削机床的基础知识和简单的工艺理论知识～工件的定位与装夹等～并能进行熟练的车床、铣床、钻床等机床操作。 ,二,素质目标 培养学生认真做事、独立思考、较强的与人交流、合作的团队意识和良好的职业道德～熟悉保证零件加工质量的工艺措施。 ,三,能力目标 能进行零部件简单的工艺安排和工序设计～并能进行各种机床加工操作 三、与前后课程的联系。 ,一,与前续课程的联系
进一步加深对机械制图、车工实习、机械制造技术等课程的理解～为零件的正确加工奠定专业基础。 ,二,与后续课程的联系 本课程与“机械设计基础”) 车工实习及“机械加工工艺基础”有着密切关系。通过本课程的理论教学与“实际操作实习”相结合～使学生初步掌握对零件进行加工的工艺分析、工序设计的能力～并具有操作金属切削机床加工出符合零件图样要求的合格零件的技能。 四、课程内容标准和要求 根据专业课程目标和涵盖的工作任务要求～确定课程内容和要求～说明学生应获得的知识、技能与态度。 主要教教学模块学习目标能力要求参考学时学内容 掌握金属材料的力学、 金属材料掌握金属材料性能 物理、化学和工艺性能2 的性能的测试方法 等 工程材料 6 掌握碳钢、合金钢、铸 铁、有色金属及合金、常用工程熟悉各种工程材料 4 非金属材料的常用牌材料的用途和选择 号以及相应的性能 熟练掌握刀具坐标系 金属切削掌握普通车刀等刀 切削原理中的各种参数以及参6 6 加工原理具的刃磨 数的选择 熟练掌握车床加工特
同济大学车辆工程各专业各研究方 向和导师介绍 上海海天考研：同济大学车辆工程各专业各研究方向和导师介绍车辆工程专业简介汽车学院车辆工程硕士点建立于1992年，博士点建立于1999年，现有教授11名，其中博士生导师8名，副教授7名，皆为硕士生导师。本专业有7个研究方向，分别是汽车节能与排放控制技术，汽车系统动力学与控制，汽车现代设计理论与方法，汽车结构与安全性研究，汽车电子与控制技术，汽车市场营销，和机车车辆。在国家科技部、教育部及国内外知名企业的支持下，我专业具有良好的设备条件，如汽车转鼓试验台、汽车废气排放分析仪、汽车道路模拟振动台，以及三坐标仪等，为科研与教学提供了有力的支持；现规划和在建的还有汽车整车风洞实验室、汽车噪声实验室和汽
车造型研究中心等国际一流的实验条件，不久将把我专业的科研教学水平提高到一个新的高度。目前本专业承担着包括国家重大技术攻关项目“燃料电池轿车研究”在内的多项国家和市级重大研究课题，为研究生的培养提供了良好的条件。目前，我专业每年的科研经费已超过3000万元，为我国的汽车工业发展作出了突出的贡献。汽车学院硕士、博士研究生招生研究方向介绍硕士研究生招生研究方向：1．汽车能源与排放控制2．车辆系统动力学与控制3．汽车结构分析与安全性4．汽车现代设计理论与方法5．汽车电子控制技术6．机车车辆7．汽车市场营销博士研究生招生研究方向：1．车辆现代设计理论与方法2．车辆系统动力学与控制3．车辆结构分析与安全性4．汽车能源与排放控制5．车辆电子控制技术6．汽车信息与市场分析车辆系统动力学与控制方向简介总体简介：“汽车系统动力学与控
制”是车辆工程(汽车工程)二级学科招收硕士和博士研究生最早的研究方向。主要从事汽车振动与噪声控制、汽车多体系统动力学仿真、汽车性能实验测量分析、机械构件的实验模态测试、汽车部件结构强度及疲劳损伤理论及实验分析等方面的科学研究及教学。该方向师资队伍强大、科研力量雄厚、教学经验丰富，已为我国汽车行业培养了大批硕士及博士研究生。该方向不仅承接多项国家级(863)、省部级纵向科研项目，还与上海大众、通用、奇瑞、汇众及其它大型汽车整车及零部件企业有广泛科研合作，为企业解决了许多科研难题，取得了良好的经济和社会效益。特别在利用压电陶瓷材料主动控制汽车噪声的研究在国内处于领先地位。? 上海海天考研：主要研究导师绍介：靳晓雄，教授，博士生导师，汽车振动与噪声研究所所长，汽车学院副院长，1947年出生，工学硕士，工学博士，1985～1986期间作为访问学者赴英国南
1. As the semester is drawing to an end, the student union C. resist 2. You don ' t agree with me on this matter, I know, but B. in time 3. As some of the rules concerning foreign trade ran A. abolish 4. It is impossible for me to sing a song these days, for C. going off 5. The old man regained consciousness and found himself D. bare 6. The typical symptom of the epidemic SARS is _______ A. persistent 7. The Christmas dinner in eludes poultry for the main cours B. features 8. ___ the events of last week, I think, we could have B. Looking back on 9. A suicide bomb exploded in a Jewish ______ , killi ng doze ns D. settlement 10. In the last few years, the Internet and the World Wide D. household 11. It can said without exaggeration that no part of the B. more often than not 12. While fresh me n are con side red part of the academic B. kept at bay 13. As she matured as an artist, she ______ realize that A. came to 14. He always uses the same _____ of lies to cheat B. flock 15. ___________________________ Many European countries all alliance（______________________ 同盟）against B. forged
中南大学现代远程教育课程考试（专科）复习题及参考答案 《路基路面工程技术》 一名词解释 1路基 2路基临界高度 3 设计弯沉值 4路堤和路堑 5半刚性基层 6高级路面 二. 填空 1路基路面应具有、、、 和等基本性能。 2路基按其干湿状态不同，分为、、和四类。 为保证路基路面结构的稳定性，一般要求路基处于或状态。 3公路自然区划的原则是、和。 4路基防护与加固设施主要有、和_____________三类 5水泥混凝土板接缝按位置分为___________和___________,按其作用分为____________,_________和______________三种. 6路基横断面的典型形式有、、三类。 7路基边坡稳定性分析方法可分为和两类。 8按照挡土墙的设置位置，挡土墙可分为、, 和_________等类型。 9从路面结构的力学特性和设计方法的相似性出发，路面可划分为、和三类。 10水泥混凝土路面设计理论是 11表征土基强度的主要参数有___________、___________和____________。 12提高重力式挡墙抗倾覆稳定性的措施________、_______、_________等。 13路基为路面提供坚实、稳固的基础，要求具有一定的强度、 __________ 和__________ 。 14高温使沥青路面强度和 _________ 大大降低，低温会使路面 ________ 。 15路基的自重应力大小是随着深度而逐步 __________ ，汽车荷载在路 基内产生轮重的应力，其大小是随着深度而逐步 __________ 。 16作用在重力式挡土墙上的外力，按其各力作用的性质可分为 __________ 力、 __________ 力和特殊力。
北京工业大学 产品设计专业：设计素描、设计色彩、雕塑、立体设计、视觉传达、设计制图、计算机辅助设计、模型制作、人机工学与设计心理学、设计方法、材料与工艺、多媒体设计、汽车造型设计、家具与家居用品设计、产品设计、产品策划、毕业设计等 展示艺术设计专业：造型训练、设计色彩、平面设计、视觉传达、设计图学、计算机辅助设计、设计基础与模型、表现技法、人机工学、机械基础、生活形态研究、材料应用、展示道具设计、展示空间、展示设计1、展示设计2、展示设计3、毕业设计等。 北方工业大学 主要课程：美术基础、造型基础、表现技法、机械设计基础、造型材料与工艺、人机工程学、设计方法学、计算机辅助设计以及产品设计包装设计和展示设计等设计实践类课程。 同济大学 机械原理、设计创意、可持续设计、设计心理学、电气工程学概论、课程设计、设计发展前沿、用户研究、数字化环境、设计管理、设计方法论、战略设计规划与研发、人因工程学、设计文化论、视觉形态创造学。 中国美术学院 主要课程:《机械制图》、《专业绘画》、《计算机辅助设计》、《材料与技术》、《产品构造》、《人机工程》、《产品设计》、《专题设计》、《毕业设计》、《毕业论文》 山东理工大学 主要课程：力学、电工学、机械设计基础、工艺业美术、造型设计基础、工程材料、人机工程学、心理学、计算机辅助设计、视觉传达设计、环境设计。 天津工业大学 工业设计专业（艺术类） 开设的主要课程有：素描基础、色彩基础、设计工程基础、设计素描、人机工程学、平面构成、色彩构成、立体构成、产品造型、设计表达、产品形态设计、模型制作、造型材料与工艺、价值工程学、设计心理学、工业设计方法学、计算机辅助平面设计、计算机辅助立体设计等。 工业设计专业（理工类） 开设的主要课程有：工程制图、计算机绘图、造型材料与工艺、工程力学、电工技术、工业设计机械基础、素描基础、色彩基础、计算机辅助设计、人机工程学、平面构成、立体构成、色彩构成、产品造型、计算机辅助设计、产品形态设计、视觉传达设计、设计表达、环境设计。 天津工程师范学院 主要课程：艺术概论、中外美术史、世界现代设计史、艺术设计思维、素描、色彩、平面构成、色彩构成、材料构成、专业制图、产品速写，产品设计效果图、人机工程学、产品设计程序与方法、市场调研及分析方法、计算机辅助产品设计及、产品改良设计、产品开发设计、模型制作与工艺、产品概念设计、新产品命题设计、职业教育学、职业教育心理学、教育测量与评价等。 天津美术学院
同济大学网络教育学院2006级（春）专科英语﹝二﹞ 测验作业：一学号姓名得分 . Part One: Vocabulary and Structure 30% Section A (25%) Directions: In this section, there are 25 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). you are required to complete the sentences by deciding on the most appropriate choice. 1.Animals that are similar in some ways usually belong to the same _________ . a. origin b. variety c. catalogue d. species 2.The patient was warned __________ oily food after the operation. a. to eat not b. eating not c. not to eat d. not eating 3.He came to the meeting ___________ his serious illness. a. despite b. for c. at d. through 4.You’ll surely make progress _________ you work with a strong will. a. unless b. until c. as well as d. as long as 5.Don’t allow your mind to __________ past failure. a. keep on b. dwell on c. go on d. sit on 6.I am writing _________ my mother to express her thanks for your gift. a. in memory of b. in honor of c. due to d. on behalf of 7.I want to travel because I enjoy _________ new places. a. to see b. seeing c. see d. to have seen 8.He accepted his friend’s _________ to swim across the river in the depths of winter. a. charge b. challenge c. position d. claim 9.The food smells very good, but what does it _________ like? a. taste b. bite c. eat d. chew 10.Do it now, ____________ it will be too late. a. therefore b. doubtless c. otherwise d. however 11.---What are you going to do with your day off? ---I don’t know. I __________ about it. a. am thinking b. don’t think c. thought d. haven’t thought 12.We mustn’t laugh at slow children whose _________ development lags behind their physical development. a. mental b. natural c. chemical d. spirited 13.He __________ the test, but he wasn’t careful enough. a. had passed b. must have passed c. were able to pass d. could have passed 14.We are lucky. We live in a quiet street but all the necessary shops are close ________ . a. at hand b. in hand c. on hand d. out of hand 15.The house __________ roof was damaged has now been repaired. a. who’s b. whose c. that d. of which 16.The machine can’t be made perfect overnight; in fact it should be improved ________. a. one by one b. place by place c. step by step d. one after another 17.Never mind your previous failure, try to forget it and think of __________ your next attempt might be.