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Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ.写作单词——会拼写1．distinguish vi.&vt. 显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别2．passive adj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的3．seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺4．bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担5．stable adj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的6．practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的7．file n. 文件；档案；文件夹vt.提交；将……归档8．tap vt.&vi. 轻打；轻拍；轻敲n. 轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头9．convenience n. 便利；方便→convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的→inconvenient adj.不方便的；引起麻烦的10．associate vt.联想；联系；n. 同伴；伙伴→association n. 协会；社团；联合；联想11．abrupt adj.突然的；意外的→abruptly adv. 突然地；唐突地12．freeze v. 冰冻→freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的→frozen adj.冻结的Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记13．patent n．专利证书；专利权14．current n．&adj. (水或气)流；电流；现在的；当前的15．competence n. 能力；胜任；本领16．wire n. 金属丝；电线17．innocent adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的高频短语——会默写1．call up 给……打电话2．now and then 偶尔；有时3．set about 开始；着手4．dive into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入5．set out (to do) 开始(做)6．hang on 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住7．out of order 次序颠倒；发生故障8．get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过9．ring back 回复电话10．ring off 挂断电话教材原句——会背诵句式仿写——能应用1.Follow it up，explore all aroundit，and before you know it，you willhave something worth thinking aboutto occupy your mind.(“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构)1.尽力和你的孩子成为朋友，这样你会真正地知道他们在想什么。
Unit 3 Inventorsand inventions话题素材——发明创造[话题词汇]1.achieve vt. 达到；取得2.ambitious adj. 有雄心壮志的3.birthplace n. 出生地；故乡4.confident adj. 自信的5.creative adj. 富有创造力的6.be enthusiastic about 对……热心7.make efforts to_do sth. 努力做某事8.regard ... as ... 认为……是……9.make great contributions to 对……做出巨大贡献10.set a good example to 为……做出好榜样11.be honored as 被誉为……12.be fond of/keen on ... 喜欢……13.be skilled in sth. 在……方面熟练14.develop an interest in 在……方面发展兴趣15.cause wide public concern 引起公众的广泛关注[经典佳句]1.The first computer was brought into the world by Vannevar Bush in 1931. From_then_on,_it has enriched people's whole life.第一台电脑是在1931年被范内瓦·布什发明的，从那时起，它丰富了人们的整体生活。
2.Their inventions have_contributed_to the development of the whole society.他们的发明促进了整个社会的发展。
3.He is_considered_as a creative scientist and people show great respect_to him.他被公认为一位极具创造力的科学家，人们非常尊重他。
（全国版）高考英语一轮复习第一部分Unit3Inventorsandinventions新人教版选修8Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ.情景默写1.BookCrossing provides an identification(身份证明)number to stick inside the book.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)2.What criteria (标准) are used for assessing a student’s ability?3.Understanding the instructions requires a ninth grade reading competence (本领).4.Please give him lots of love instead of high expectations (期望)；otherwise he will be loaded with great pressure.5.That girl tapped (轻敲) her fingers on the desk impatiently.6. He seized(抓)her by the arm all of a sudden.7.I checked the files and some of the papers were out__of__order (安排不当).You had better sort them out.8.When you were out，John rang up，and he wanted you to ring__him__back (给他回电话).9.I saw him dive__into (跳入) the river to save a drowning child.10.He went to see his grandmother now__and__then (时不时地).11.Your letter calls__up (使想起) the days when we worked together on the farms fifteen years ago.12.Having made up for his mind，he set__about (开始) carrying out the plan.13.It’s the love and responsibility that have driven him to get__through (度过) many hardships and survive.14.If you hang__on (稍等) for a while，I will go and see if I can find your mother. Ⅱ.词性转换1.He took measures to make up for his fault，which received our recognition (recognize).2.Your suggestion sounds reasonable and practical (practice).I think it deserves to be discussed at the next meeting.3.When the ice is heated above freezing (freeze) point，it begins to change intoa liquid state.4.The bus came to an abrupt (abruptly) stop，making many passengers fall off their seats.5.You can visit Professor Li when it is convenient；that is，at his convenience.His house is conveniently near the bus stop.(convenient)6.He is a cautious man and is always doing things with caution.You should get on with him cautiously.(caution)7.The commander showed mercy to the prisoners of war and they were treated mercifully.(mercy)8.He is in a very merry mood today and we could hear him singing and dancing merrily (merry).9.In western countries，the number “thirteen” is usually associated with bad luck，but actually there isn’t any association between them.(associate)1.句型公式：There seemed/seems/seem to be...似乎有更好的办法来解决边界争端。
晨读背诵基础知识自测一、单词拓展(A)根据音标及词义写出英文单词｡1.distinguish [dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ] vi. & vt.显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别2.merciful [ˈmɜːsɪfʊl] adj.宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的→mercy [ˈmɜːsɪ] n.宽大;仁慈3.product [ˈprɒdʌkt] n.产品4.abrupt [əˈbrʌpt] adj.突然的;意外的→abruptly [ә'brʌptlɪ] adv.突然地,唐突地5.convenient [kənˈviːnɪənt] adj.便利的,方便的,就近的→convenience [kənˈviːnɪəns] n.方便,便利→conveniently [kənˈviːnɪəntlɪ]adv.便利地,方便地6.caution [ˈkɔ:ʃən] n.小心,谨慎→cautious [ˈkɔ:ʃəs] adj.小心的,谨慎的→cautiously[ˈkɔ:ʃəslɪ] adv.小心地,谨慎地7.passive [ˈpæsɪv] adj.被动的;消极的;被动语态的8.seize [si:z] vt.抓住;捉住;夺9.file [faɪl] n.文件;档案;文件夹 vt.提交;将……归档10.freezing [friːzɪŋ] adj.冰冻的;严寒的→freeze [friːz] v.冰冻11.innocent [ˈɪnəsənt] adj.清白的;无罪的;天真的→innocence [ˈɪnəsəns] n.天真,清白12.bear [beə(r)] vt.忍受;忍耐;负担13.tap [tæp] vt.轻打;轻拍;轻敲 n.轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头14.current [ˈkʌrənt] n.(水或气)流;电流 adj.现在的;当前的15.stable [ˈsteɪb(ə)l] adj.稳固的;稳定的;安定的16.associate [əˈsəʊʃɪeɪt] vt.联想;联系 n.同伴,伙伴17.practical [ˈpræktɪk(ə)l] adj.实际的;实践的;实用的petence [ˈkɒmpətəns] n.能力;胜任;本领(B)单词活用用所给词的正确形式填空｡1. I’m sorry, but I don’t know there is an abrupt ( abruptly)change of plan.2. As expected (expect), the sales manager gave in his notice at work today.3. We should try our best to put the enemy in a passive ( passive) position.4. As we all know, newspapers influence the current ( currently) of thought.5. I have heard two versions (version) of the accident.6．I t’s freezing (freeze) outside. You’d better put on more clothes. 7．Your invention is ingenious, but not very practical (practice). 8．I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience (convenient)．二、短语互译及运用(A)短语互译1.call up 给……打电话2.now and then 偶尔;有时3.set about 开始;着手4.dive into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入5.set out (to do) 开始(做)6.hang on 不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住7.out of order 次序颠倒;发生故障8.get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过9.ring back 回复电话10.ring off 挂断电话(B)灵活运用选择以上恰当的词组填空｡1. The poor girl has gone through such a lot since her parents died.2. Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off.3. These old photos called up childhood memories.4. I set out to knit(编织) a sweater but in the end it became a vest.5. He's not in; why don't you ring back after 6 o'clock?6. He takes my sister out to the theatre now and then.7. My clock is out of order and waked me up at 3 this morning.三、课文语法填空When I called up my mother in the countryside 1 the telephone she was upset. There were some snakes in the courtyard 2 came near the house now and then. I think here was a chance for me to distinguish 3 by inventing something to catch the snakes 4 I set about working on some approaches. Finally I came up with an easy 5 convenient way: I put a bowl with some ice-cubes in it 6 the snakes’ habitat to make them sleepy, then I used a small net 7 (collect) the passive snakes and the next day I merrily released them all back 8 the wild. I was satisfied with my invention that I decided to seize the opportunity to apply 9 a patent. So I sent my invention to the patent office to get recognition. And 10 after I have had the recognition can I say that I am truly an inventor.【答案】1. on 2. which/ that 3. myself 4. so 5. and 6. over 7. to collect 8. into 9. for 10. only重点词汇精讲精练1. distinguish vt.辨别；辨认；（常与from, between连用）区别；区分背诵 The man distinguishes himself by his wisdom这个人因智慧而扬名。
第一部分选修8 Unit 3Ⅰ.单句改错1．The fan collected a lot of information associating with his favorite stars.________________________________________________________________________2．On receiving the assignment, we at once set out to working.________________________________________________________________________3．The policeman seized the thief by his arm.________________________________________________________________________4．We all know that Yao Ming is distinguished for a basketball player.________________________________________________________________________5．Borne in a rich family, the boy has been spoiled.________________________________________________________________________【答案】1.associating→associated 2.working→work3．his→the 4.for→as 5.Borne→BornⅡ.语境填空distinguish，abrupt，convenience，caution，file，innocent，tap，stable，associate，practical，competence，current，identification，freeze2．Often no one looks more guilty than the________.3．You must have left a _____________ running in the bathroom.4．John rose so _____________ that she knocked down her chair.5．The system runs _____________ and the control result is satisfying.6．When dealing with such dangerous things, you must be ____________.7．If it is _____________ for you tomorrow, I'd like to visit you again.8．We should have _____________ card on the person when we go abroad.9．These plants must be stored in the light at above _____________ temperature.10．At what age are children able to _____________ between right and wrong?11．Too much TV has been _____________ with violence, overweight and loneliness.12．A person who is _____________ is capable of doing something to a satisfactory standard.【答案】1.practice 2.innocent 3.tap 4.abruptly5．stably 6.cautious 7.convenient 8.identification9．freezing 10.distinguish 11.associated petentⅢ.短语活用2．I'm afraid I'll have to ______________.Someone is calling me.3．It took me ten minutes to persuade her __________ later.4．Just now the beautiful song ______________ the days we spent together in America.5．My father has a collection of magazines to which I return______________.6．The washing machine she bought yesterday ______________， making him a little angry.7．The new government must ______________ finding solutions to the country's economic problem.8．There is only one vacant position in this company, but many college students desire ____________ it.9．Most of the telephone lines were destroyed by the hurricane last night, so today it's almost impossible _______________ to anybody.10．He has planned ______________ his new job and make a good impression on his boss and colleagues.【答案】1.hang on 2.ring off 3.to ring back 4.called up5．now and then 6.is out of order 7.set about8．to apply for 9.to get through 10.to dive intoⅣ.完成句子1．直到我开始做这个工作，我才意识到做好它不容易。
2021年高考英语一轮总复习第一部分 Unit3 Inventors and inventions随堂演练新人教版选修8Ⅰ.单词拼写1．The only way not to fall down into the valley is to ________(抓住) the big branch.2．You shouldn't ________(联系) the unemployment with the current economic situation.3．Your idea of not publishing a new version of your novel is very ________(实际的)．4．To my joy，the quality of our new refrigerator is very ________(可靠的)．5．________(突然地)，the straw in his yard caught fire.6．It was hard to ________(辨别)one twin from the other.7．He ate a light lunch in ________(期望)of a good dinner.8．My secretary will call you to arrange a ________(方便的)time to meet.9．Dad always drives with ________(小心)although he has driven for more than 30 years.10．The patient was afraid she wouldn't be able to ________(忍受)the pain.答案1．seize 2.associate 3.practical 4.stable 5.Abruptly6．distinguish 7.expectation 8.convenient 9.caution10．bearⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Dr. Fleming's ________ (discover) of penicillin occurred in 1928.2．The number of tigers has reduced ________ (abrupt) in the last fifty years.3．He is a young artist with great ________ (expect)．4．This is a very important meeting. We must arrange a ________ (convenience) time and place for it.5．I advise that they ________ (application) to the council for a home improvement grant.6．We cannot emphasize too much the ________ (important) of learning English.7．The paper seems to me of no ________ (practice) importance.8．The soldiers had to retreat when they were ________ (beat) in battle.9．Speech ________ (distinguish) human beings from the animals.10．Each unit leader needed a flag, or colour, to be easily seen for ________ (identity) during a battle.答案1．discovery 2.abruptly 3.expectation 4.convenient5．apply 6.importance 7.practical 8.beaten9．distinguishes 10.identificationⅢ.单句语法填空1. ________ we will go for a picnic tomorrow depends on the weather.2．My sister succeeded ________ (apply) for a patent.3．She suggested we ________ (set) aside some time to take exercise.4．It was the beauty of nature ________ attracted us.5．He approved ________ my plan for the holiday.6．Follow my advice, and you ________ (make) great progress.7．Her room was in ________ mess as ________ matter of fact.8．It was not until five days ago ________ I received her letter.9．While ________ (cross) the road, the old man was knocked over.10．The telephone was out ________ order, so I couldn't get ________ .答案与解析1．Whether whether引导主语从句，意为“是否”。
第一部分选修 8 Unit 3Ⅰ.完形填空(2016湖南师大附中高三上学期第三次月考)It's a blessing to do somebody a favor, but sometimes it's a blessing to let another person do something for you.The notice was posted next to the mailbox in the tenants' apartment.“A Mitzvah(善行) for Mrs.Green，” it __1__，“Sign up to drive Mrs.Green home from her chemotherapy treatment twice a month.” The word was always __2__ in my thoughts after I went upstairs.But according to my grandmother, it had __3__ meaning.She was always __4__ to me because she noticed that I thought it a shame to __5__ people do things for me.One evening, snowflakes had been falling for several hours __6__ it came time to leave for class.I __7__ to the bus stop, reaching it just as a bus went by.For an hour, I prayed __8__ that a bus would come.Then I gave up.But as I pushed the door of my __9__ open, I found myself face to face a woman at the mailbox with __10__ in her hand.Obviously she had a car and was going __11__.In that split second, I blurted(脱口而出), “Could you give me a __12__？” A strange look __13__ her face and she agreed.She __14__ me off where I had been heading.Back home as I walked up, I met her again.“Good night, Mrs. Green.See you tomorrow，” said a neighbor inside.Shocked, I had asked a person who__15__ with cancer to give me a lift in a snowstorm.__16__ went down and I stammered(结结巴巴地说), “Please forgive me.”She visited me later and said, “I used to do thing for others but now __17__ keeps doing things for me.It's not that I don't __18__it, but I don't have chances.Tonight before I went out to get my __19__， I prayed to God to let me feel like __20__ of the human race again.Then you came along…”( )1.A.read B．wroteC．advised D．explained( )2.A.squeezing B．repeatingC．draining D．wandering( )3.A.other B．anotherC．little D．no( )4.A.holding on B．insisting onC．pointing out D．carrying out( )5.A.help B．enjoyC．ask D．let( )6.A.so B．afterC．since D．when( )7.A.rode B．laboredC．flew D．drove( )8.A.helplessly B．patientlyC．desperately D．hopelessly( )9.A.apartment B．roomC．mailbox D．office( )10.A.books B．lettersC．keys D．combs( )11.A.down B．backC．out D．upstairs( )12.A.hand B．liftC．coffee D．break( )13.A.crossed B．lightenedC．boomed D．froze( )14.A.threw B．tookC．showed D．dropped( )15.A.struggled B．copedC．met D．suffered( )16.A.Tiredness B．TearsC．Anxiety D．Snow( )17.A.someone B．everyoneC．nobody D．none( )18.A.know B．seeC．appreciate D．get( )19.A.trouble B．keyC．box D．mail( )20.A.part B．historyC．role D．top【主旨大意】本文通过羞于请别人帮忙的作者的亲身经历说明帮助别人是一种恩赐，有时让别人来帮助你是一种更大的恩赐。
1．【答案】A【解析】“通知说”在英文中常用read的主动形式。
2．【答案】D【解析】由上文读到的通知可以知道，The word是一直“萦绕”在我的脑海里，只有wander有“徘徊”的意思。
3．【答案】B【解析】句意：对我的祖母来说，它有“另一个”意思。
从语法上来看，也只有another 可以接单数可数名词。
4．【答案】C【解析】hold on意为“稍候；坚持”；insist on“坚持……”；point out“指出”；carry out“携带”。
从后文可以看出，“我”的祖母指出“我”的问题。
5．【答案】D【解析】从语法的角度只有help和let 可以接动词原形，从意义上讲是“我”从不让别人为“我”做任何事。
6．【答案】D【解析】由it came time to leave for class可知，当“我”要去上课的时候，雪已经下了几个小时了。
When it comes to…“当……的时候”是习惯用法。
7．【答案】B【解析】由于下雪我“努力”地走向公车站。
labor to do “努力做某事；费力去做某事”，其它选项为都不是“走”的意思。
8．【答案】C【解析】由“reaching it just as a bus went by”可以知道，“我”错过了车。
接下来一个小时的等待让我很“绝望”。
9．【答案】A【解析】由于错过车，“我”回到了自己的“公寓”。
10．C【解析】由“Obviously she had a car”可以知道这个女邻居的手上拿的是车“钥匙”。
11．【答案】C【解析】上下文推知，显然这个女邻居是要出门。
12．【答案】B【答案】从上文得知是我想要她捎“我”一段，下文的第16空前面有提示“give me a lift”。
13．【答案】A【解析】cross表示“穿过；略过”；lighten“照亮”；boom“急速发展；发隆隆声”；freeze“凝固；僵住”。
从后文看出女邻居脸上略过一丝奇怪的表情。
14．【答案】D【解析】drop sb.off表示顺道把某人放下；显然是顺道让“我”下车。
15．【答案】A【解析】从上文的shocked可以得知，应为struggle with cancer“与癌症作斗争”。
16．【答案】B【解析】作者很感动，所以流下了眼泪。
17．【答案】B【解析】由“I used to do thing for others”可以看出女邻居说“我以前常常为别人做事”，but转折表明每个人都帮助她。
18．【答案】C【解析】appreciate“感激”，本句意为“不是我不感激(别人为我做的)，而是我总是没有机会去(为别人做点什么)”。
19．【答案】D【解析】从前文可以看出，她在邮箱旁，出去只是为了拿邮件。
其它选项不符合题意。
20．【答案】A【解析】“我”祈祷上帝让“我”感觉到作为(正常)人的一份子。
Ⅱ.阅读理解A(2015北京，B)Revolutionary TV EarsTV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees ofhearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume(音量) and now it's better and more affordable than ever! With TV Earswireless technology, you set your own headset volume, while other TVlisteners hear the television at a volume level that's comfortable for them.You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute (静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment—maybe the baby is sleeping.Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip, not used in any other commercially available headset.This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable.Get the technology that hasproven to help the most demanding customers.That's why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists (听觉学家) nationwide as well as worldfamous doctors.Special Offer —Now $59.95. If you're not satisfied, return it.Moneyback guarantee! Call now! 800－123－7832( ) Ears helps you ________. A ．improve your sleeping qualityB ．listen to TV without disturbing othersC ．change TV channels without difficultyD ．become interested in ballgame programs( )2.What makes TV Ears different from other headsets? A ．It can easily set TV on mute. B ．Its headset volume is adjustable. C ．It has a new noise reduction ear tip. D ．It applies special wireless technology.( )3.This advertisement is made more believable by ________. A ．using recommendationsB ．offering reasons for this inventionC ．providing statisticsD．showing the results of experiments【主旨大意】本文介绍了一种新型无线电视耳机(TV Ears)，它能够帮助听力障碍者在不调高电视音量的情况下清楚地收听节目，也可以将电视设置静音而不影响自己的收听。
