2011 至2012 学年第 2 学期
药学专业英语试卷A卷
出卷教师：适应班级：国生物F0904班~F0906班
考试方式：闭卷本试卷考试分数占学生总评成绩的80 %
复查总分总复查人
一、英译汉（本题20 分，每小题0.5分）
abnormality ---- genetical ----
homeostasis ---- physiology ----
globulins ---- thrombus ----
acute inflammation ---- mammalian ----
benign ---- catalyst -----
indicator ---- receptor ----
dysfunction ---- immunology ----
pharmacology ---- thyroxine ----
elimination ---- mollify ----
feces ---- local anesthetic ----
kanamycin ---- noradrenaline ----
untoward reaction ---- volatility ----
mechanism ---- sensitivity ----
boiling point ---- density ----
《药学专业英语》试卷第 1 页（共 6 页）
plasma ---- ionization ----
distribution coefficient ---- drug metabolism ---
target site ---- insulin ----
fibrosis ---- essence----
deoxyribose ---- pneumococci ----
transformation ---- connotation ----
二、汉译英（本题20分，每空0.5分）
腺瘤动脉粥样硬化
癌病原学
胃炎吸收
氨基酸密度
乳糖药物化学
镇痛药阻断药
效能麻黄碱
地高辛缓冲液
滴定微量
混合的活化
烧杯离解
反离子精密度
血清外消旋的
粉剂稀释剂
《药学专业英语》试卷第 2 页（共 6 页）学
院
名
称
专
业
班
级
姓
名
：
学
号
：
密
封
线
内
不
要
答
题
┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃
密
┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃
封
┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃
线
┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃
角蛋白 丝心蛋白 探针 血友病 腺嘌呤 突变，变异 核糖 酶原
胚胎 药物释放 上皮的 咖啡因
三、文章翻译（本题25分）
Biochemistry and Human Biology
First, biochemistry is an intrinsically beautiful and fascinating body of knowledge. We now know the essence and many the details of the most fundamental processes in biochemistry, such as how a single molecule of DNA replicates to generate two identical copies of itself and how the sequence of bases in a DNA molecule determines the sequence of amino acids in an encoded protein. Our ability to describe these processes in detailed, mechanistic terms places a firm chemical foundation under other biological sciences. Moreover, the realization that we can understand essential life processes, such as the transmission of hereditary information, as chemical structures and their reactions has significant philosophical implications. What does it mean,
bilchemically, to be human? What are the biochemical differences between a human being, a chimpanzee, a mouse, and a fruit fly? Are we more similar than we are different?
Second, biochemistry is greatly influencing medicine and other fields. The molecular lesions causing sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, hemophilia, and many other genetic diseases have been elucidated at the biochemical level. Some of the molecular events that contribute to cancer development have been identified. An understanding of the underlying defects opens the door to the discovery of effective therapies. Biochemistry makes possible the rational design of new drugs, including specific inhibitors of enzymes required for the replication of viruses such as
《药学专业英语》试卷 第 3 页 （ 共 6 页 ）
used as “factories ” to produce valuable proteins such as insulin and stimulators of blood-cell development. Biochemistry is also contributing richly to clinical diagnostics. For example, elevated levels of telltale enzymes in the blood reveal whether a patient has recently had a myocardial infarction(heart attack). DNA probes are coming into play in the precise diagnosis of inherited disorders, infectious diseases, and cancers. Agriculture, too, is benefiting from advances in biochemistry with the development of more effective, environmentally safer herbicides and pesticides and the creation of genetically engineered plants that are, for example, more resistant to insects. All of these endeavors are being accelerated by the advances in genomic sequencing.
四、把下面段落译为英文（本题25分）
《药学专业英语》试卷 第 4 页 （ 共 6 页 ）
学院名 专业班级： 姓名 学号
密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题
┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃ 密
┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃ 封
┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃ 线
┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃
到现在为止，蛋白质最大的分类就是酶类。在关于酶分类的标准参考《酶命名》中已经列举了3000多种不同的酶。酶是催化剂，能加速生物学反应的速度。每一种酶都有专一的功能，而且仅在特定代谢反应中发挥作用。实际上，代谢物的每一步反应都是由酶催化的。酶的催化能力远远超过了合成催化剂的催化能力。在酶能增加细胞中的反应速度1016倍。酶根据它们催化反应的实质而系统分类，如磷酸基团转移（磷酸转移酶）或氧化-还原（氧化还原酶）。酶的正式名称来源于它们催化的同一级内的专一反应，如在ATP 中：D-果糖-6-磷酸化1-磷酸转移酶，在酶中：NAD +氧化还原酶。通常，除了酶的正式命名外，它们有俗名，通用名，ATP 中：D-果糖-6-磷酸化1-磷酸转移酶，通常被认为是磷酸果糖激酶（激酶是ATP 依赖的磷酸转移酶的普通名称）。同样的，醇中：NAD +氧化还原酶，普通命名为醇脱氢酶。对其他酶的认识是通过它们有历史根源的普通名称，如过氧化氢酶（系统名称，过氧化氢：过氧化氢氧化还原酶），有时这些普通名称也有说明含义，如在苹果酶中（系统名称，L-苹果酸：NADP +氧化还原酶）。 磷酸果糖激酶（PFK ） 乙醇脱氢酶（ADH ）
NAD + + CH 3CH 2OH ADH NADH + H + + CH 3CHO 乙醇 乙醛
《药学专业英语》试卷 第 5 页 （ 共 6 页 ）
五、小作文（本题10分）
用英文谈谈学习专业英语的心得体会。（不少于120个字）
《药学专业英语》试卷 第 6 页 （ 共 6 页 ）
学院名 专业班级： 姓名： 学号：
密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题
┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃ 密
┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃ 封
┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃ 线
┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃┃
湖北科技职业学院10级汽车英语期末考试———————————————————————————————————— 一、单词互译(每空1 分，共20 分) Section A Directions: This section is to test how many words you know.Please translate english into chinese.(1*10) 1.Vehicle body 2.brake system 3.steering system 4.dash board 5.camshaft 6.Automatic Transmission 7.inlet valve 8.timing belt 9.cylinder 10.electronic controller Section B Directions: This section is to test how many words you know.Please translate chinese into english .(1*10) 1. 底盘2后悬架 3．转向盘 4 发动机 5 分电器6油底壳 7 活塞8 轴承 9手动变速器10冷却系统 二、阅读与理解（20题，每题2分，共40分） Part 1 The engine is the source of power that makes the wheels go around and the car move. The automobile engine is an internal combustion engine because the fuel (gasoline) is burned inside it. The burning of gasoline inside the engine produces high pressure in the engine combustion chamber .This high pressure forces piston to move, the movement is carried by connecting rods to the engine crankshaft. The crankshaft is thus made to rotate: the rotary motion is carried through the power train to the car wheels so that they rotate and the car moves. What do we see from the first paragraphs? ( ) The engine is source of power for a car. The engine can not make wheels go around. The engine is resource of oil. Which one Statement is true according the above first paragraph? ( ) The automobile engine is an international combustion engine. The automobile engine is an external combustion engine. The automobile engine is an inner combustion engine What do we see from the second paragraphs? ( ) High pressure is source of power inside a engine. Crankshaft is rotated without any force. Combustion chamber is not a part of the engine. Which one Statement is true according the above second paragraph? ( ) The movement of piston is carried by connecting rods to the engine crankshaft.
2012—2013学年度第一学期 应用化学专业《专业英语》课程试卷（A ） 注意事项：1. 考生务必将自己姓名、学号、专业名称写在指定位置； 2. 密封线和装订线内不准答题。 一、词汇填空 （写出下列每个词汇对应的英 汉单词）（共20小题，每空1分，共20分） 1、化学性质 （chemical property ） 2、物理性质 （physical property ） 3、溶解度 （solubility ） 4、密度 （density ） 5、沸点 （boiling point ） 6、熔点 （melting point ） 7、反应 （reaction ） 8、无机的 （inorganic ） 9、有机的 （organic ） 10、化合物 （c ompound ） 11、烷烃 （alkane ） 12、乙醇 （ethanol ） 13、烯烃 （alkene ） 14、炔烃 （alkyne ） 15、ester （ 酯 ） 16、ether （ 醚 ） 17、acetone （ 丙酮 ） 18、formaldehyde （ 甲醛 ） 19、ammonia （ 氨 ）
20、benzene （ 苯 ） 二、给下列无机化合物的英语名称（共10小题, 每小题2分，共20分） 1、CaO calcium oxide 2、HClO 4 perchloric acid 3、CuSO 4 copper sulfate 4、NaBr sodium bromide 5、NaCl sodium chloride 6、HNO 3 nitric acid 7、HNO 2 nitrous acid 8、Al 2O 3 aluminum oxide 9、KNO 3 potassium nitrate 10、FeBr 3 ferric bromide 三、给下列有机化合物的英语名称（共5小题, 每小题4分，共20分） 1.辛烷 octane 2.CH 2=CHCH 2CH 3 1-butene 3.CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 2OH butanol 4.CH 3CH 2OCH 3
Respiratory system abdominal breathing 腹式呼吸 abscess 脓肿 acetylcysteine 乙酰半胱氨酸，痰易净（用作各种支 气管与肺部疾病的辅药） acid-base balance 酸碱平衡 acidosis 酸中毒 acute tracheobronchitis 急性气管--支气管炎 acute cor pulmonale 急性肺源性心脏病 acute lung injury, ALI 急性肺损伤 acute upper respiratory tract infection 急性上呼吸道感染 adenosine deaminase, ADA 腺苷脱氨酶 adenocarcinoma 腺癌 adenopharyngitis 咽扁桃体炎 adult respiratory distress syndrome , ARDS 成人呼吸窘迫综合症 aerobe 需氧菌 aerodermectasia 皮下气肿 aeroporotomy 呼吸道通气术（如用插管法或气 管切开术） afebrile 无热（度）的，无发热病的 β2-receptor agonist β2受体激动剂 airway hyperresponsiveness, AHR 气道高反应性 airway obstruction 气道阻塞 airway remodeling 气道重塑 alkalemia 碱血症 alkalosis 碱中毒 allergic airway inflammation, AAI 变态反应性气道炎症 allergic bronchial-pulmonary aspergillosis, ABPA 变态反应性支气管肺曲菌病allergic granulomatosis 过敏性肉芽肿病 allergy 变态反应性；变态反应，过敏反应alveolus ( [pl.]alveoli ) 肺泡
专业英语四级考试试题及答案 2005年英语专业四级考试试题 TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORSTEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2005) -GRADE FOUR- TIME LIMIT: 130 MIN PART IDICTATION [15 MIN ] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passagewill be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during thistime you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE. PART IILISTENING COMPREHENSION [15 MIN] In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything once only. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet. SECTIONA CONVERSATIONS In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
医学专业英语 I.Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D (40points) 1.Which of the following suffixes does not mean “pertaining to”? A. -ic B. -al C. -ar D. -our 2.Which of the following combining forms means cell? A. -cyte B. cyt/o C. cel/o D. both a and b 3.Which of the following forms means tissue? A. erythr/o B. immun/o C.hist/o D. vascul/o 4.A- means _____ . A. up B. down C. apart D. without 5.The suffix -itis means _____ . A. infammation B.inflammation C.inflammazed D. instrument 6.The combining form of radi/o means _________ . A. radar B. x-ray C. radio D. both B and C 7.The instrument for viewing is –scope whereas the instrument for cutting is ______ . A. –scopy B. –tome C. –meter D. –graph 8.Which of the following forms refers to “surgical incision o f ?” A. –tomy B. -stomy C. –tome D. –ectomy 9. A record of electric wave occurring in the brain is called _______ . A. electroencephogram B. electromyogram C. electrocardiogram D. electroencephalogram 10.Stethalgia means the pain of chest, which can also be expressed in ____ . A. stethodynia B. thoracalgia C. thoracodynia D. all of the above 11.Which of the following forms means fungus? A. my/o B. myel/o C. myc/o D. none of the above 12.The combining form meaning “the skin” is _______ . A. dem/o B. derm/o C. dermat/o D. both B and C 13.Which of the following combining forms means blood vessels ? A. vascul/o B. angi/o C. chromat/o D. Both A and B 14.The term meaning “pertaining to secretion” is _______ . A. crinogenic B. endocrine C. crinologic D. endocardial 15.The disease of having too many white blood cells is referred to as ________ . A. leukocyte B. leukemia C. leukogenesis D. erythrocyte 16.Inflammation of liver is known in English as ________ . A. bronchitis B. pneumonitis C. gastritis D. hepatitis 17.-plasm means ______ . A. treatment B. knowledge C. diagnosis D. growth 18.Mammo/o refers to ______ . A. mother B. thymus gland C. thyroid gland D. breast 19.Which of the following does not mean “within or in”? A. en- B. endo- C. intra- D. none of the above 20._____ means surgical repair of an organ. A. phag/o B. –plasm C. –plasty D. –pathy
doctor；physician 医生，cure；treat 医治，cure sb of his illness 医好某人的病 give sb medical treatment 给某人医病， medical ethics ['eθ?ks] 医德 medical courses in general； medicine 医科 principles of medical science； medical knowledge 医理 medical treatment 医疗，public health services 公费医 疗 medical team 医疗队，medical establishment 医疗机构 medicament [me'd?k?m?nt]； drug 药剂 pharmacist ['fɑ?m?s?st]； druggist ['dr?ɡ?st] 药剂师unskillful and faulty medical or surgical treatment malpractice 医疗事故 medical and health work 医疗卫生工作，medical station；health center 医疗站 obstetrician [?bst?'tr??n] 产科医生，pediatrician [pi?di?'tr??n]儿科医生ENT（ear-nose-throat）doctor 耳鼻喉科医生，radiologist 放射科医生 gynecologist [ga?n?'k?l?d??st]妇科医生，orthopedist [??θ??'pi?d?st]骨科医生 urologist 泌尿科医生， physician 内科医生 dermatologist [d??m?'t?l?d??st]皮肤科医生 intern 实习医生，surgeon 外科医生，dentist；dental surgeon 牙科医生 oculist ['?kj?list]；eye-doctor 眼科医生，plastic surgeon 整形外科医生 oncologist 肿瘤科医生 doctor in charge，attending doctor 主治医生 the attending on call 当班的主治医师associate chief physician 副主任医师 Chief Physician主任医师resident doctor 住院医生 Bronchial [br??ki?l] asthma [?sm?]支气管哮喘 acidosis [?s?'d??s?s]酸中毒Allergen,allergic reaction 变异原，变态反应blood gas analysis 血气分析Anaemia [?'ni?mi?] 贫血 Alveolar 肺泡的antibiotic 抗生素Atelectasis [?t?'lekt?s?s]肺不张 Lung abscess 肺脓肿Atherosclerotic [?θ?r??skl?'r?t?k] heart disease 动脉粥样硬化性心脏病Beta2-agonist ['?g?nist] B2受体激动剂 Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis [?sp?d?i'l??s?s] 曲霉菌ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome 急性呼吸窘迫综合征 Percussion [p?'k??n] and auscultation [??sk?l'te??n] 叩／听诊 Pulmonary arterial stenosis [sti'n??s?s] 肺动脉狭窄 Adrenal [?d'ri?n?l] glucocorticoid [glu?k??'k??t?k??d]( 糖(肾上腺)皮质激素)肾上腺糖皮质激素β2-agonist ['?g?nist] β2激动剂Biopsy 活检Bronchiectasis [brɑ?k i'ekt?s?s] 支气管扩张 broncho[[b'r?nt???] dilator 支气管扩张Fiber optic (['?pt?k]光学的)bronchoscopic [,br??k?'sk?pik] biopsy 纤支镜活检BAL bronchoalveolar lavage 支气管肺泡灌洗Bronchitis,bronchiolitis [?br??k???'la?t?s]支气管炎，细支气管炎 Boop： bronchiolitis obliterans ([?b'l?t?r?nz] 闭塞性)with organizing pneunomia闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎Bronchoscopy [b'r?nt??sk?p?]支气管镜检查 cavity 空洞CAHD coronary arteriosclerotic(英[ɑ:t??ri:??skl??'r?t?k ])heart disease 冠心病CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation( [r?s?s?'te??n]恢复知觉，苏醒)心肺复苏CDILD chronic diffuse interstitial lung disease 慢性间质性肺病COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 慢阻肺Clubbed( [kl?bd] 棒状的)finger 杵状指dry cough 干咳 Cyanosis [sa??'n??s?s]紫绀Nonproductive cough 干咳 Complication 并发症 crackling( [kr?kl??]轻微的爆裂声，噼啪声)rale 细捻发音 crepitant ['krep?t?nt]捻发音的 cough variant asthma 咳嗽变异性哮喘Dyspnea 呼吸困难 Differential [d?f?ren?l] diagnosis 鉴别诊断Discharge diagnosis 出院诊断 dry rale 干罗音Emphysema 肺气肿 pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞Acid base equilibrium [i:kw?'l?br??m]酸碱平衡 etiology 病因学
2009 —2010学年第一学期 化学与材料学院（系）07级应用化学专业 《专业英语》期末试卷 1.Write the structural formula or Chinese name for each of the following (2% for each answer): （1）barium ion: （2）chlorate ion: （3）potassium ion: （4）carbonic acid: （5）ammonium ion: （6）pyrrole:（吡咯） （7）polystyrene: (聚苯乙烯) （8）p-hydroxybenzoic acid:(对羟基苯甲酸)（9）benzonitrile (苄腈) （10）critical pressure: （临界压力）（11）methanal: （甲醛）（12）buffer solution :（缓冲溶液）（13）alkali burette:（碱式滴定管）（14）extract ：(萃取)（15）tetrasulfur dinitride: （S4N2）（16）aldose:（醛醣）（17）sodium dihydrogenphosphate (磷酸二氢钠) （18）zinc oxide: （19）6-ethyl-4-methyldecane: （20）quantitative analysis: （定量分析） 2.Write the English name for each of the following(2% for each answer): （1）IBr: （2）天平（balance）（3）阴离子(anion) （4）H2SO3 （5）滴液漏斗: （dropping funnel）（6）CuNO3: （7）AgF: （8）滴定（n.）:(titrate)（9）Ca(MnO4)2: （10）辛醇: （11）十三烷： （12）(CH3CH2)2Hg: (diethylmercury) （13） CH3CHCH CH2 3: （14） CH3CH2CHCOOH CH3: （15）
根据<内科学>整理的心血管系统专业术语心力衰竭： Congestive beart failure 充血性心力衰竭 Systolic insufficiency heart failure 收缩功能不全性心力衰竭 Diastolic insufficiency heart failure 舒张功能不全性心力衰竭 Congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭 心律失常 Triggered activity 触发活动 Afterdepolarization 后除极 a.窦房结 Sinus node recovery time SNRT 窦房结恢复时间 Sinoatrial conduction time SACT 窦房传导时间 Bradycardia 心动过缓;Tachycardia 心动过速 Sinus tachycardia 窦性心动过速;Sinus bradycardia 窦性心动过缓 Sinus pause (sinus arrest) 窦性停搏（窦性静止） sinoatrial block 窦房阻滞（Mobitz 莫氏, Wenckebach 文氏） Bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome 心动过缓-心动过速综合征 b.心房 Atrial premature beats 房性期前收缩;Atrial tachycardia 房性心动过速 Intrinsic heart rate 固有心率;Automatic atrial tachycardia 自律性房性心动过速 Reentrant atrial tachycardia 折返性房性心动过速 Chaotic atrial tachycardia 紊乱性房性心动过速 Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with AV block (PAT with block) 伴有房室阻滞的阵发性房性心动过速;
Model Test 1 Part III Cloze [15 MIN.] Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet. Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers compare and contrast __1__ places on the earth. But they also __2__beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a __3__. The word geography __4__from two Greek words: ge，the Greek word for "earth" and graphic, __5__means "to write". The English word __6__ means "to describe the earth". Some geography books focus __7__a small area __8__ a town or city. Others deal with a state, a region, a nation, or an __9__continent. Many geography books deal __10__the whole earth. Another __11__to divide the study of geography is to __12__between physical geography and cultural geography. The former focuses on the natural world; the __13__starts with human beings and __14__how human beings and their environment act __15__each other. But when geography is considered as a single subject, __16__branch can neglect the other. A geographer might be described as one who observes, records, and explains the __17__between places. If all places __18__alike, there would be little need for geographers. We know, however, __19__no two places are exactly the same. Geography, __20__, is a point of view, a special way of looking at places. 1. [A] similar [B] various [C] distant [D] famous 2. [A] pass [B] reach [C] go [D] set 3. [A] total [B] unit [C] part [D] whole 4. [A] falls [B] removes [C] results [D] comes 5. [A] what [B] that [C] which [D] it 6. [A] ge [B]graphy [C]geography [D]graphic 7. [A] to [B] up [C]above [D]on 8. [A] outside [B] except [C] like [D] as 9. [A] extensive [B] enormous [C] overall [D] entire 10. [A] with [B] in [C] to [D] of 11. [A] way [B] means [C] habits [D] technique 12. [A] split [B] distinguish [C] integrate [D] tell 13. [A] second [ B] latter [C] next [D] later 14. [A] learns [ B ] realizes [ C ] studies [ D ] understands 15. [A] upon [B] for [C]as [D] to 16. [A] either [B] neither [C] one [D] each 17. [A] exceptions [B] differences [C] sameness [D] divisions 18. [A] being [B] are [C] were [D] be 19. [A] although [B] whether [C] since [D] that 20. [A] then [ B ] nevertheless [ C ] still [ D ] moreover Model Test 2 Part III Cloze [15 MIN.] Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding
1.Why are cast metal sheet ingots hot-rolled first instead of being cold-rolled? Because of cold rolling is to use hot rolled steel coils as the raw material, after acid pickling to remove oxide skin for cold rolling, the finished product is hard roll, because of cold work hardening caused by deformation of continuous cold rolling hard roll strength, increase hardness, toughness and plastic index decreased, so the stamping performance will deteriorate, can only be used for simple deformation of the parts 2.What type of heat treatment is given to the rolled metal sheet after hot and “warm” rolling? What is its purpose? 轧钢的热处理的类型？轧钢热处理的目的？ Heat treatment of the main types are annealing, normalizing, quenching and tempering, solution treatment and aging treatment, cold treatment, chemical treatment, etc. Annealing： The steel is heated to a certain temperature and heat preservation for a period of time, and then make it slowly cooling, called annealing. Steel annealing is a heat the steel to the phase change or part of the phase change temperature, slow cooling after heat preservation heat treatment method. The purpose of annealing is to eliminate tissue defects, improve the organization make composition uniformity and fine grains, increase mechanical properties of the steel, reduce residual stress; Can decrease the hardness at the same time, improve the plasticity and toughness, improve machinability. So before annealing in order to eliminate and improve both the legacy of tissue defects and internal stress, and to prepare for the follow-up process, so the annealing is belong to the intermediate heat treatment, also called heat treatment in advance Normalizing： Normalizing is heated to above the critical temperature of steel, to all into homogeneous austenitic steel, heat treatment and natural cooling in air. It can eliminate hypereutectoid steel mesh cementite, for hyposteel normalizing can refine crystal lattice, improve comprehensive mechanical properties, low requirements for the parts use the normalized instead of the annealing process is more economic. Quenching: Quenching is the steel is heated to above the critical temperature, heat preservation for a period of time, then quickly into the quenching medium, the temperature plummeted, rapid cooling at greater than the critical cooling rate of speed, which is mainly composed of martensite and unbalanced heat treatment method of the organization. Can increase strength and hardness of the steel quenching, but to reduce its plasticity. That is commonly used in quenching hardening agent are: water, oil, caustic soda, and salt solution, etc
Medical Terminology of Internal Medicine (Reference for medical students) Department of Internal Medicine, The 2nd Xiangya Hospital Central South University
Respiratory system abdominal breathing 腹式呼吸 abscess 脓肿 acetylcysteine 乙酰半胱氨酸，痰易净（用作各种支 气管与肺部疾病的辅药） acid-base balance 酸碱平衡 acidosis 酸中毒 acute tracheobronchitis 急性气管--支气管炎 acute cor pulmonale 急性肺源性心脏病 acute lung injury, ALI 急性肺损伤 acute upper respiratory tract infection 急性上呼吸道感染 adenosine deaminase, ADA 腺苷脱氨酶 adenocarcinoma 腺癌 adenopharyngitis 咽扁桃体炎 adult respiratory distress syndrome , ARDS 成人呼吸窘迫综合症 aerobe 需氧菌 aerodermectasia 皮下气肿 aeroporotomy 呼吸道通气术（如用插管法或气 管切开术） afebrile 无热（度）的，无发热病的 β2-receptor agonist β2受体激动剂 airway hyperresponsiveness, AHR 气道高反应性 airway obstruction 气道阻塞 airway remodeling 气道重塑 alkalemia 碱血症 alkalosis 碱中毒 allergic airway inflammation, AAI 变态反应性气道炎症 allergic bronchial-pulmonary aspergillosis, ABPA 变态反应性支气管肺曲菌病allergic granulomatosis 过敏性肉芽肿病 allergy 变态反应性；变态反应，过敏反应alveolus ( [pl.]alveoli ) 肺泡
专业英语试题一、词语翻译 1.Electromagnetic induction 电磁感应 2.Broadcasting 广播 3.发射机Transmitter 4.Encoder 编码器 5.光电阴极Photocathode 6.像素Pixel 7.Harmonic structure 谐波结构 8.多路器Mutiplexer 9.电离层Ionosphere 10.Deterministic 确定的 11.功率谱密度power clensity spectrum 12.信噪比signal-to-noise ratio 13.Demodulation 解调，检波14.Nonlinear 非线性的 15.V acuum-tube 真空（电子）管 16.Modulation coefficient 调制系数 17.Upper side frequency 上边频 18.调制信号modulation signal 19.直流电源DC power suply 20.Quadrature 正交 21.振荡器resonator 22.Inversion 倒置 23.差分difference 24.Cascade 串联，级联 25.Deemphasis 去加重 1.field-effect 场效应管 2.oscilloscope 示波器 https://www.doczj.com/doc/564427407.html,rmation 信息，消息，情报 4.optical fiber 光纤 5. signal-to-noise 信噪比 6.bandwidth 基带 7.vocal tract 声带 8.bipolar 双极（线）的 9.decoder 解（译）码器 10.Fourier series 傅里叶级数 11.decibel 分贝 12.modulation 调制，调节 13.amplifier 放大器，扩音机 14. transformer 变压器 15.resonator 振荡器 16.prescribe 指示，规定17.difference差分，差别 18.frequency modulation调频 19.frequency divider分频器 20.viewpoint 观点 21.impurity杂质，混合物 22.nanometers纳米 23.packaging封装 24.very large integration 超大规模集成电路 25.digital signal processing数字信号处理 26. baseband 基带 27.binary二进制编码 28.mainframe 主机，大型机 29.electronic mail电子邮件 30.mobile telephone service移动电话业务 二、英译汉 1.A serial link is often used to attach a computer to a modem. 答案：串口通常用来将计算机和调制解调器连接起来。 2.In the data communications world, data generally are defined as information that is stored in digital form. 答案：在数据通信领域，数据通常定义成以数字形式存储的信息。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/564427407.html,rmation that has been processed, organized, and stored is called data. 答案：经过处理、组织和存储的信息成为数据。 4.Modern communication systems use digital modulation techniques. 答案：现代通信系统采用的是数字调制技术。