英语四级选词填空专项练习
Passage 1
What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We‘re 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasn‘t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.
The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do means eating what ―real Americans‖ eat, but our nation‘s food has come to be 5 by imports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And som e of the country‘s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.
Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation‘s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6
But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.
The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It‘s no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚). It‘s what we eat—and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers—that help define America as a community today.
A. answer
B. result
C. share
D. guilty
E. constant
F. defined
G. vanish
H. adapted I. creative J. belief
K. suspicious L. certainty M. obsessed N. identify O. ideals
Passage 2
After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人数) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar __1__ that shook America in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.
Injuries and deaths were __2__ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city‘s highway. In addition, __3__ made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city‘s buildings and highways, making them more __4__ to quakes.
In the past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet __5__ materials, such as steel
and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to __6__ the impact of ground vibrations. The most __7__ designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake‘s vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would __8__ the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new designs should offer even greater __9__ to cities where earthquakes ofen take place.
The new smart structures could be very __10__ to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.
[A]changes
[B]flexible
[C]decrease
[D]recent
[E]push
[F]reduce
[G]relatively
[H]safety [I]resistant [J]expensive [K]force [L]accordingly [M]intensity [N]security [O]opposed
Passage 3
Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 1 you money or can add to the cost. Take the 2 example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the 3 buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest 4 price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive 5 to dry your hair.The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.
So what principles should you 6 when you go out shopping? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable 7 in excellent condition, you‘ll be saving money in the long run. Before you buy a new 8 , talk to someone who owns one .If you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive 9 , or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose 10 three items or three estimates.
［A］possession ［B］save ［C］best ［D］appliance ［E］material ［F］from ［G］simple ［H］with ［I］in
［J］element ［K］model ［L］item ［M］easy ［N］adopt ［O］reasonable
Passage 4
There‘s no question that the Earth is getting hotter. The real questions are: How much of the
warming is our fault, and are we 1 to slow the devastation by controlling our insatiable 2 for fossil fuels?
Global warming can seem too 3 to worry about, or too uncertain-something projected by the same computer 4 that often can‘t get next week‘s weather right. On a raw winter day you might think that a few degrees of warming wouldn‘t be such a bad thing anyway. And no doubt about it: Warnings about 5 change can sound like an environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our cars and restrict our lifestyles.
Comforting thoughts, perhaps. Unfortunately, however, the Earth has some discomforting news. From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the Andes the world is heating up right now, and fast. Globally, the 6 is up 1°F over the past century, but some of the coldest, most remote spots have warmed much more. The results aren‘t pretty. Ice is 7 , rivers are running dry, and coasts are 8 , threatening communities.
The 9 are happening largely out of sight. But they shouldn‘t be out of mind, because they are omens of what‘s in store for the 10 of the planet.
[A]remote
[B]techniques
[C]consisting
[D]rest
[E]willing
[F]climate
[G]skill
[H]appetite [I]melting [J]vanishing [K]eroding [L]temperature [M]curiosity [N]changes [O]skillful
Passage 5
It seems you always forget—your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping...
Such absent-mindedness may be 1 to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the 2 sees.
The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3 the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 5 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.
It could be used in 6 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7 device.
A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for 8 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9 accident black spots or dangers on the road."
In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.
[A] allow
[B] instance
[C] blank [D] industrial
[E] frustrating
[F] items
[G] indicating
[H] highlight
[I] user
[J] complicated [K] white [L] annoying [M] successful [N] articles [O] simple
Passage 6
For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hitlist of our main fears: natural resources are 1 out? the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat? species are becoming 2 in vast numbers, and the planet‘s air and water are becoming ever more polluted.
But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more 3 not less so, since the book ?The Limits to Growth‘ was published in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per 4 of the world‘s population than at any time in history. Fewer people are 5 . Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25~50%, as has so often been 6 . And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been 7 , or are transient – associated with the early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by 8 it. One form of pollution – the release of greenhouse gases that causes global warming – does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to 9 a devastating (令人心神不安的) problem. A bigger problem may well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.
Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and some factors seem to cause this disjunction between 10 and reality.
A) pose
B) exaggerated
C) accelerating
D) extinct
E) exist
F) perception
G) wealthy
H) magnified I) starving J) head
K) running L) predicted M) abundant N) conception O) reducing
Passage 7
EI NIno is name given to the masterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world.This strange ___1_____happens every five to eight years.It starts in the PAacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风)，which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in ____2____,the ocean comperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in form the east to warm up by as much as 5`C.
The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects.The hot,humid(潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe ___3___thunderstorms.The rainfall is increased acrossAounth American ____4____floods to Peru.In the West pacific,there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia.So while some parts of the world perpare for heavy rains and floods,other parts face drought,poor crops and____5____.
EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months The 1982-83 EI Nino brough the
most___6____weather in mordern history .Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds ____7___of damage.The 1990 EI Nino will ____9___,but they are still not __10___sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.
A)estimate
B)strength
C)deliberately
D)notify
E)tropical
F)phenomenon
G)stable
H)attraction I)completely J)destructive K)starvation L)bringing M)exhaustion N)worth
O)strike
Passage 8
Have you ever known anyone famous? If so, you may have found that they are remarkably similar to the rest of us. You may have even heard them __1__ to people saying there is anything different about them. ―I‘m really just a normal guy,‖ __2__ an actor who has recently rocketed into the spotlight. There is, of course, usually a brief period when they actually start to believe they are as great as their __3__ fans suggest. They start to wear __4__ clothes and talk as if everyone should hear what they have to say. This period, however, does not often last long. They fall back to reality as fast as they had __5__ risen above it all. What will it feel like to soar to such __6__ and look down like an eagle from up high on everyone else? And what will it feel like to have flown so high only to __7__ from your dream and realize you; are only human? Some only see the __8__ in losing something they had gained. They often make __9__ attempts to regain what they lost. Often these efforts result in even greater pain. Some become __10__ financially and emotionally. The only real winners are those who are happy to be back on the ground with the rest of us.
A) desperate
B) disappointing
C) cruelty
D) bankrupt
E) fancy
F) protects
G) altitude
H) similarly I) wake
J) contest
K) object
L) worshipping M) dignity N) originally O) protests
Passage 9
When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic, he knew only a few words of English .Education soon became a __1__. ―I couldn‘t understand anything,‖ he said. He __2__ from his teachers, came home in tears , and thought about dropping out.
Then Mrs. Malave , a bilingual educator, began to work with him while teaching him math and science in his __3__Spanish.―She helped me stay smart while teaching me English ,‖he said .Given the chance to demonstrate his ability, he __4__ confidence and began to succeed in school.
Today, he is a __5__ doctor, runs his own clinic ,and works with several hospitals .Every day ,he uses the language and academic skills he __6__ through bilingual education to treat his patients.
Roberto‘s story is just one of __7__ success stories. Research has shown that bilingual education is the most __8__ way both to teach children English and ensure that they succeed academically. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students __9__ outperform their peers in monolingual programs. Calexico, Calif. , implemented bilingual education, and now has dropout rates that are less than half the state average and college __10__ rates of more than 90%.In E1 Paso ,bilingual education programs have helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to among the highest in the nation.
A) wonder
B) acquired
C) consistently
D) regained
E) nightmare
F) native
G) acceptance
H) effective I) hid
J) prominent K) decent
L) countless M) recalled
N) breakthrough O) automatically
Passage 10
As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education __1__. The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the __2__ of peacemakers. The Children‘s Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. groups of children __3__ as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace.
The classroom __4__ opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with __5__, peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step __6__toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are __7__ useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and __8__ on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children‘s rights and how to help the __9__ of war. Starting a Peacemakers‘ Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the __10__ school.
A) victims
B) technology
C) role
D) respectively
E) projects
F) offers G) information
H) images
I) forward
J) especially K) entire
L) cooperative
M) comprehensive
O) acting
N) assuming
【答案及详解】
Passage 1
【全文翻译】
美国人如何看待食物呢?我们爱吃，但是过后会觉得内疚。我们说我们只要最好的，但是却热衷于享受垃圾食品;我们很重视健康和减肥，但是肥胖却又空前地在蔓延。也许，这种矛盾源于我们的历史。首批来到这个大陆的欧洲人是为了寻找新的香料，但却一无所获;首种经济作物不是用来吃的，而是用来吸得。那时，旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，实际上却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒。
移民的经历也与此有内在的关系。入乡随俗意味着要吃―典型的美国人‖的饮食，但是美国的食物已经被诸如比萨或者热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了。美国最珍贵的一些烹饪来自于戴着镣铐而来的人们。
无论是在波士顿倾茶事件中，还是在南部午餐柜台前的静坐中，食物都曾被用来作为界定斗争的一种手段，这也许是不足为奇的。无论是出于宗教原因而戒酒，还是由于政治避难而戒肉，这都与我们的健康甚至是道德的观念相一致。
但是，这些坚定的观点并不是确定不变的。美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的。我们怀疑我们的食物，特别是当我们更清楚地了解了它们的成分时。
对食物的信仰一直存在于美国人的意识之中。第一个感恩节就把美国人的想象力束缚在食物之中，束缚在我们与朋友对它的分享之中，这并不是偶然的。
1. D feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guilty about sth. ―对……感到有愧‖。全句的意思为―我们很爱吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有负罪感‖。
2.M be obsessed with 为固定搭配，原意为―被……附上/缠住/迷住心窍‖，放在本句表示―十分重视‖。全句的意思为―我们很关心健康和减肥，但肥胖却又空前地在蔓延‖。
3. A 本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词to的搭配，可以推断出正确选项answer.
4. I本句根据more和ways可以判断出需要填入一个形容词构成比较级，根据上下文，表示―旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒‖，可以确定I为正确选项。
5. F 本题较难。根据be 和by 确定应填入一个过去分词。再根据上下文，上文表示―应该吃典型的美国人吃的食物‖，下文通过but 转折，表示实际上―美国的食物已经被诸如比萨和热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了‖，因此可以确定F为正确选项。
6.B政治结果，可根据宗教原因religious reasons来推断此处填政治结果。
7. L由于横线后面没有宾语，可以确定不是形成bring的短语，这样本句所缺的为一名词，做bring的宾语。根据下文解释，―美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的‖，可以推出本句意义为―坚定的观点也不是确定不变的‖。因此可以确定L为正确选项。
8. K系动词become后应填入一个形容词，和后面介词of形成短语be/become suspicious of ―对……感到怀疑‖。
9. J本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词in的搭配，可以推断出正确选项belief，(have)belief in sth.― 相信……‖。
10. C本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和with 搭配，确定选项为share, share sth. with sb., ―与某人分享某事‖。
Passage 2
【全文翻译】
1994年洛杉矶发生强烈大地震后，地震学家报告了一个好消息：地震所造成的伤亡和损害并不大。此次地震有60多人丧生。相较而言，美国1998年发生的相似强度的地震造成的伤亡多达25，000人。
洛杉矶地震伤亡人数相对较少，是因为地震发生在凌晨4：31，而当天是个假日。当时城市公路上的车辆稀少。此外，在过去的20年中洛杉矶市对建筑法规所做的修订使城市的建筑和道路系统更加坚固，增强了抗震能力。
在过去，防震建材指的是坚固并且有弹性的材料，如钢材和木材，它们即使弯曲也不会折断。后来，人们尝试着将建筑物从地基上提起来，然后在建筑物和地基之间填充橡胶和钢材，从而减少地面震动对建筑物的影响。最新的建筑设计不仅为建筑提供水泥和钢筋支撑，而且还赋予它智能，从而成为智能建筑，让建筑物能像生命有机体那样对地震做出反应。当地面震动而导致建筑物顶部向前倾斜时，计算机将会迫使建筑物向相反方向移动。这种新的建筑设计能够使处于地震多发区的城市更为安全。
这种新型的智能型建筑造价高昂。然而，它可以挽救许多人的生命，而且在地震中不大可能受到损害。1.选M)。此处应填名词，作介词of的宾语，作为后置定语修饰earthquake，说明该名词是―地震‖的自然属性。选项中的名词有changes，safety，intensity和security，只有intensity可以表示地震的强度，故选M)。
2.选G)。此处应填副词，用来修饰形容词less。选项中的副词有relatively―相对的‖和accordingly―相应的‖，第一段说这次地震和1998年的那次地震程度一样，但造成的损失却小很多，再从后句中―高速路上的车辆不是很多‖可以推断：这次的地震造成的―死伤人数‖与1998年比少很多，即少是相对的，故选G)relatively。
3.选A)。空格中要填的词是本句话中的主语，应为名词。这句话的主干是have strengthened the city‘s buildings and highways,从第三段的内容和注释3的解析可知：建筑结构发生了变化，故应选择A)changes。
4.选I)。此处应填形容词，和其前面的more构成形容词的比较级，描述新型建筑与地震有关的性能。them = the city‘s buildings and highways, have strengthened "被加固"说明他们更有抵御风险的能力了。选项中的四个形容词只有resistant符合这个意思，故选I)。
5.选B)。此处应填形容词，修饰名词materials。从后面的...bent without breaking "即使弯曲也不会折断"，说明是有韧性的材料。选项中的四个形容词只有flexible表示―柔韧的，可变形的‖，故B)正确。
6.选F)。此处应填名词。根据上下文insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation―在建筑物和地基之间填充橡胶和钢材‖是为了减少the impact of ground vibrations"地面震动对建筑物的影响"。选项中decrease和reduce都可以表示―减少‖的意思，前者指稳定的逐步地减少，后者强调在大小、程度或强度方面下降或减少。故F)reduce更符合题意。
7.选D)。根据注释3，可以推知，这里要填的词是和前面的In the past, Laer相对应的，选项中的形容词中只有recent可表示时间，the most recent desighs―最近的设计‖，在原文中可以对应―过去，后来‖，故D)为正确答案。
18.选K)。前面提到了智能建筑，这里说明当地震使这样的建筑向前倒的时候，电脑会怎样它，使它相反方向移动。在动词push和force之间悬着。push强调的是外加的力量，而这里的拖力者是与智能建筑一体的计算机系统，故这里force符合文意。
9.选N)。此后应填名词，做动词offer的宾语。本句前面一直在描述新型建筑采取的抗震措施，本句是这些措施的结果。抗震型建筑为城市提供的应该是更多的安全保障，选项中表示―安全‖的词有safety和security，前者是处于安全状态，不受伤害，没有危险，多用于人身，货物。后者常指国家社会的免遭战争，灾难而安然无恙，故N)security更符合文意。
10.选J)。此处应填形容词。从后面的However后的一句说明智能建筑的优点而得知，However前所说的是智能建筑的缺点。既然智能建筑很聪明，又是新事物，那么建造起来肯定会耗费很多资金的，所以选J)expensive。
导读：
After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人数) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake.(The damage and death toll could have been much worse.此句为虚拟语气，―地震所造成的伤亡和损失本来应该更大。‖说明实际上这次地震的损失并不大。)By comparison, an earthquake of similar M)intensity that shook America in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.(这句的主干是an earthquake...claimed...25,000 victims。)
Injuries and deaths were G)relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. On a holiday, when traffic was light on the city‘s highway. In addition, A)changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city‘s buildings and highways, making them more I)resistant to quakes.
In the past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet B)flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to F)reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most D)recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, ca lled smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake‘s vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would K)force the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new designs should offer even greater N)security to cities where earthquakes ofen take place.(In the past...,Later...,The most...designs,这里是一个世间顺序上的描述，说明了从以前到现在，建筑物的结构一直在不断变化。) The new smart structures could be very J)expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.
全文翻译：
Passage 3
【全文翻译】
理智购买是一种积极的方式，可以让你的钱更值钱。你购买一件物品或者一份服务的方式真的可以给你节省钱或者多花钱。以吹风机作一个简单的例子。如果你要买一个吹风机，当你选了一个外观你非常喜欢而且价格又是最便宜的，你一定认为你买了最好的东西。但是，当你把它买回家，你才发现它要花两倍于较贵的吹风机所花的时间来吹干你的头发。电费加上你的时间成本很可能使你的吹风机成为最贵的。
当你外出购物时，你应该采取什么样的原则呢?如果你保持你的家、你的车，或者任何一件值钱的物品处于一种良好的状态中，从长远的眼光来看，你会省钱。在你买一个新的用品前，先与有这个物品的人交流一下。如果可能的话，你可以试试或者借来看看是否适合你的特殊要求。在购买一个贵重物品或者一项服务之前，要看好它的价格和功能。如果可能的话，一定要货比三家。
1.【解析】[B]save 本文主要讲理智的购物可以省很多钱的问题。你购买一件物品或者一份服务的方式真的可以给你省钱或者让你多花钱，所以此处空格填save，节省。
2.【解析】[G]simple 就拿吹风机作一个简单的例子。空格处用simple形容例子符合文章所表达的意思。
3.【解析】[C]best 如果你要买一个吹风机，当你选了一个外观你非常喜欢而且价格又是最便宜的，你一定认为你买了最好的东西。make the best buy即是说买了最好的东西。
4.【解析】[I]in 以怎样的价格用固定短语in price。最便宜的价格就是the cheapest in price。
5.【解析】[K]model 意为―样式，型‖。当你把它买回家，你才发现它要花两倍于较贵的吹风机所花的时间来吹干你的头发。a more expensive model更贵的一款。
6.【解析】[N]adopt 意为―采用‖。那么你外出购物时应该采用什么样的原则呢?adopt principles ―采用原则‖，principles 需要用adopt 来搭配。
7.【解析】[A]possession 意为―拥有物‖。如果你保持你的家、你的车，或者任何一件值钱的物品处于一种良好的状态中，从长远的眼光来看你会省钱。
8.【解析】[D]appliance 意为―用品，器具‖。在你买一个新的用品之前，先与有这个物品的人交流一下。
9.【解析】[L]item 在买一个贵的东西之前，要看好价格和正在出售的物品。item可用来指代物品。
10.【解析】[F]from 这个空格前是动词choose，从中作出选择即用介词from来搭配。Passage 4
【全文翻译】
毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越热。但是，真正的问题是：气候变暖的程度是我们的错，我们愿意通过控制我们对矿石燃料无止境的欲望来减缓地球变暖吗?
全球气候变暖似乎离我们太遥远，以至于我们无需为此担心;或者太难以确定，我们无法用计算机技术来测定，同样的计算机技术往往难以正确地预报下周的天气情况。在一个阴冷的冬日，你可能会觉得，变暖几度无论如何也不是件糟糕的事情。毫无疑问，气候变化的警告听上去就像一个环保主义者的恐吓策略，迫使我们远离汽车，限制我们的生活方式。
这些也许是安慰的想法。然而，不幸的是，地球给我们带来一些不安的消息。从阿拉斯加到安第斯山的雪峰，全球都在快速升温。上个世纪，全球温度上升了1华氏度，但是有些最冷、最偏远的地方却远不止如此。这些结果非常不妙。冰层正在融化，河流正在干枯，海岸正在受侵蚀，我们的社区正在受到威胁。
很大程度上，这些正在发生的变化处于我们的视野之外。但是，他们不应该被忽视，因为他们预示着地球的其他地方将会发生什么样的情况。
1.【解析】[E]此处应填入E项，be willing to 为固定搭配。
2.【解析】[H]此处应填入一个名词，而appetite通常和介词for搭配，此处句子的意思为控制我们无止境的欲望。
3.【解析】[A]此处应填入一个形容词，根据上下文意思应选A项，意即:全球气候变暖似乎离我们太遥远，以至于我们无需为此担心。
4.【解析】[B]此处应填入一个名词，而与computer 搭配的名词在选项中根据上下文意思B为正确选项。
5.【解析】[F]根据上下文意思此处应表达气候变化之意，因此F为正确选项。
6.【解析】[L]该题较为简单，表示―上个世纪全球的气温上升了1华氏度‖，应能迅速找出正确答案。
7.【解析】[I]显然ice 与melt 搭配，因此I为正确选项。
8.【解析】[K]此处应填入一个现在分词，表示―海岸受到侵蚀‖，因此应选K项。
9.【解析】[N]该题较为简单，应填入一个复数名词，所以填入N项。
10.【解析】[D]选D项，the rest of 为固定搭配。
Passage 5
1. E 空格处需填一形容词，即从E、J、L、M中选择。过去分词一般用于主语是人的句子，排除J;结合常理，忘性大常常令人懊恼，故E最符合文章。
2. I 根据定语从句谓语see可知，主语要么是人要么是眼镜，由下句the use的提示，故
选I。
3. A 该空需填入一个动词，即从备选项A、H中选择，有allow sb. to do sth.的结构，且语义符合文意，故选A。
4. F 由上文的label items可推知F最符合文意。
5. C 该空需填入一个形容词，由下文的fill in可推知C(空白的)最符合文意。
6. D 由该句中的相关信息词mechanics(机械师)和identify machine parts可推知D最符合文意。
7. J 该空需填入一个形容词修饰名词device(设备)，由常识可知工厂里的设备通常都很复杂，正因为复杂，不容易记住，才有必要使用这种新型眼镜，故J最符合文意。
8. B 该句主句的基本句子结构是A car mechanic could find where a part is，介词for和应填的词在句中作插入万分，结合选项，B最符合文意。
9. H 该空应填入动词原形，从词义上能排出A，H符合文意。
10. G 分析句子结构可知，该空应填入一个非谓语动词，结合句意―在其他情况下，人们可以戴着这种眼镜随团旅游，________名胜景点…‖可知，G(指示)最符合文意。
Passage 6
1. K
2. D
3. M
4. J
5. I
6. L
7. B
8. C
9. A
10. F
Passage 7
1. P phenomenon
2. B strength
3. E tropical
4. L bringing
5. K starvation
6. J destructive
7. N worth
8. A estimate
9. O strike
10. I completely
Passage 8
1.K
2.O
3.L
4. E
5.N
6.G
7.I
8. C
9. A
10.D
Passage 9
1. E
2. I
3. F
4. D
5.J
6. B
7 L
8. H
9.C
10.G
Passage 10
1. E
2. C
3. O
4. F
5.L
6. I
7. J
8. G
9.A
10.K
When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones-the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __1__ wasteful to tear them all down and __2__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __3__ carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __4__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and __5__ our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing building," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust. With some __6__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __7__ over time and let in more outside air. Fortunately, there are a __8__ number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from __9__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help __10__ property owners from rising power costs. [A] accommodations [B] clumsy [C] doubtfully [D] exceptions [E] expand [F] historic [G] incredibly [H] powering [I] protect [J] reduced [K] replace [L] sense [M] shifted [N] supplying [O] vast
大学英语四级选词填 空练习
大学英语四级选词填空练习（二十七） Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly __1__ to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was __2__ to a little college French. I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, __3__ unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up __4__ and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable __5__ I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought ran through my mind: you can't learn if you don't try. So I accepted the assignment. There were some bad __6__. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guides or even __7__ bookings, confident that somehow I will manage. The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition __8__. But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to you. I've learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a __9__. And I know I'll go on doing such things. It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others. I'm not. But I'll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can __10__ wonders. [A] accomplish [B] advanced [C] balloon [D] claim [E] constantly [F] declare [G] interviews
选词填空技巧汇总 大学英语四级考试的阅读部分，除了传统的两篇仔细阅读和一篇快速阅读，还有一种让考生普遍头痛的考法：选词填空。 选词填空的考察形式是：一篇280词左右的文章，文章中挖出10个空，并统一给出A-O15个备选答案。 选词填空区别于完形填空，有更大的解题难度，原因在于： 1. 完形填空每题都是四选一，选词填空第一题要十五选一，就算用到排除法，最后一题也要六选一，而且在十五个选项中还有五个根本不会用到，难度加大； 2. 完形填空每题的四个选项都是统一的词性，只需要辨析词义、搭配就基本可以作答，而选词填空的十五个选项有多个词性，解题时需要同时判断词性和词义，难度加大； 3. 完形填空每题的四个选项往往都是统一时态，统一形式，而在选词填空中会涉及选项的动词时态、第三人称单数形式、被动主动语态，名词的单复数等的辨析，难度加大。 因此，针对选词填空的解题方法分为三步： 1. 预览选项，了解词义并把选项分为四大类词性：名词n，动词v，形容词a，副词ad，在每个选项后作词性的简要标记； 2. 精读全文开头，把握文章主题，并以三个空或一个段落为一个单位，利用前后文判断每空的词性； 3. 把对应词性的选项逐一带回原文，含义通顺，时态、主谓搭配一致的为正确选项。 四级考试的常用后缀在判断选项词性时可以有一定帮助作用： 常见名词后缀： -ability usability, capability -ibility visibility, responsibility, stability -age package, shortage, marriage -ance importance, allowance, reliance -ence presence, absence, confidence -ant assistant, accountant, inhabitant -ent president, resident, dependent
最新英语四级选词填空练习题和答案 Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States? Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian(百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes. Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by
2011年6月大学英语四级真题 Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday. While elderly people __47__ to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) __48__ effect on their brain's performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research. Sean Drummond, a. psychiatrist (心理医生) at the University of California, San Diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping __49__ straight through the night. More sleep in old age, however, is __50__ with better health, and most older people would feel better and more __51__ if they slept for longer periods, he said. “The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to __52__ well does not change,” Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego. “It's __53__ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were __54__. Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from __55__ to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That's __56__ from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75.” 答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth) 47 N tend 48 L negative 49 H efficiently 50 B associated 51 A alert 52 J function/ 53 F definitely 54 O younger 55 E continuing56 G different 文章大意：本文主要讲述的是关于老年人睡眠的问题：是否老年人与年轻人相比只需要较少的睡眠时间？ 2010年12月英语四级考试真题 Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology
历年四级真题选词填空词汇大全 【1】 result 结果；发生；由…而造成determining 下决心；做出决定involves 包含；涉及；专心于limited 有限的，受限的significant 重要的，有意义的gravely 严肃地，庄重地 range 范围；排列complained 抱怨；述说 relieved 放心的，解除 respect 尊重 issue 问题，发行 prompting 暗示，推动，驱使seriously 认真地，严肃地specialize 专门从事 magnificent 壮丽的，伟大的 【2】 victims 牺牲者，受害者 forward 前进的，向前的technology 科技 especially 尤其的，主要的 role 作用，地位 entire 全部的 respectively 各自的，各地的cooperative 合作的 projects 工程，项目comprehensive 广泛的，综合的 offers 提议，提供 assuming 如果 information 信息 acting 代理的 images 影响，映像 【3】accomplish 完成，达到advanced 先进的，高等的balloon 气球 claim 声称；断言constantly 不断地，时常的declare 宣布；声明interview 接见；面试；采访limited 限制，受限的manufacture 制造，生产moments 瞬间，片刻news 新闻 reduced 减少的；使变弱regret 后悔，遗憾 scary 使人惊慌的totally 完全，整个地【4】 abundant 大量的，充足的characters 性格，品质communicating 传达，表明；通讯completely 完全地，完整地derive 得到，源于diversity 多样化；差异escape 逃跑，逃脱establishing 建立；确定narrow 狭隘的；限制naturally 自然地，合理地personnel 全体员工；人员properly 适当的 respect 尊重 widen 放宽，加宽 【5】 closer 靠近的 painful 痛苦的 daily 每日
There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested inspelling .No school I have taught in has ever _____ spelling or considered it unimportantas a basic skill. There are, however , vastly different ideas about how to teach it , or howmuch _____ it must be given over general language development and writing ability. Theproblem is , how to encourage a child to express himself freely and _____ in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?If spelling become th e only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a __4__child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range,choosing to avoid __5__ language. That’s why teachers often __6__ the early use ofdictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing abouta personal experience ：“ This work is __7__ !There are far too many spelling errors andyour writing is illegible( 难以辨认的).” It may have been a sharP__8__ of the pupil’stechnical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omittedto read the essay, which __9__ some beautiful expressions of the child’s deePfeelings.The teacher was not wrong to d raw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centredon the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would havegiven the pupil more __10__ to seek improvement. A)priority B)criticism C)contained D)clearlyE)adventurous F ）discourage G)motivation H)terribleI)ignored J)difficult K)encourage L)expressedM)confidently N)bright O)motive L)expressed Answers: 1. 选I ）。由该句中的has 可知，此处应填动词过去式，且表达的含义应和后面的consider…unimportant 相近，故应排除contained 和expressed而选择ignored 。 2. 选A ）。此处应填名词，但能与后面over 构成固定搭配的名词只有priority ，故排除了criticism 和motivation 。 3. 选M). 由空格前面的and 可知，此处应填副词和freely 并列。从句意来理解，在没有拼写困难的情况下，怎样鼓励学生自由且…… 地表达自己，选项中只有confidently “自信地“符合题意。 4. 选N ）。很明显这里应填形容词，选项中terrible ，difficult 后接事物名词something ，只有adventurous 和bright 可用来形容somebody （child )，再由后面的play safe“不冒险”，可排除adventurous而选择bright。 5. 选E ）。由前一句中的be likely to “ play safe ”和空格前的avoid可以推知，此处所填词的意思应与play safe表达的意思相反，故选项中只有adventurous符合题意。 6. 选K ）。很明显此处应填动词的一般现在时，可选项有encourage和persuade 。由That’s why 知本句与前一句构成因果关系，而前一句说的是学生往往会用他们拼写范围内的词写文章，从而选择避免用那些不会的词，故由此可推知此句应理解为老师鼓励学生用字典，因此排除persuade 而选encourage。 7. 选H ）。此处应填形容词。由空格后面的too many spelling errors和illegible可知，这篇文章是写的很糟，而不是很难理解。故排除difficult而选terrible。 8. 选B ）。此处应填名词。由后半句中 a sad reflection on the teacher可知，前半句是在指责学生，故选项中只有criticism符合题意。 9. 选C ）。此处填动词过去式，本句中由which 引导的从句是对essay的解释，剩余选项中contained 和expressed ，根据句意，文章…… 儿童内心感受的一些好的表达，
大学英语四级选词填空练习（二十七） Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly __1__ to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was __2__ to a little college French. I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, __3__ unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up __4__ and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable __5__ I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought ran through my mind: you can't learn if you don't try. So I accepted the assignment. There were some bad __6__. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guides or even __7__ bookings, confident that somehow I will manage. The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition __8__. But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to you. I've learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a __9__. And I know I'll go on doing such things. It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others. I'm not. But I'll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can __10__ wonders. [A] accomplish [B] advanced [C] balloon [D] claim [E] constantly [F] declare [G] interviews [H] limited [I] manufacture [J] moments
大学英语四级选词填空练习（七） 难度：适中评论：1 EI NIno is name given to the masterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world.This strange __1__ happens every five to eight years.It starts in the PAacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风)，which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in __2__, the ocean comperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in form the east to warm up by as much as 5°C. The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects.The hot,humid(潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe __3__ thunderstorms.The rainfall is increased acrossAounth American __4__ floods to Peru.In the West pacific,there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia.So while some parts of the world perpare for heavy rains and floods,other parts face drought,poor crops and __5__. EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months The 1982-83 EI Nino brough the most __6__weather in mordern history. Its effect was worldwide
Unit Eleven Passage 2 Personality is, to a large extent, inherent —A-type parents, usually bring about A-type children. But the environment must also have a 11 effect, wince if competition is important to the parents it is likely to become a major 12 in the lives of their children. One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools 13 the " win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current 14 for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being 15 keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying; "cheers, we conquer!" By far the worst form of competition in schools is the extreme 16 on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to 17 on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat 18 , but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful. Obviously, it is neither 19 nor desirable that all A youngsters change into B's. The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to 20 a child's personality to his possible As the 11 of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often 12 to be. A certain amount of stress is 13 to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor 14 and ill health. The amount of stress a person can 15 depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are 16 prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of 17 difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so 18 , but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued 19 to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress. Since we cannot 20 stress from our lives(it would be C. extreme D. automatically G . performance H. supposed K. achievement L. unusual O harsh What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, red? If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who 11 life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You 12 to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, as well as the effect that colors have on human beings. They tell us, among other 13 , that we do not choose our favorite color as we grow up —we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly. Colors do 14 our moods —there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is 15 .A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the 16 of more suicides than any other bridge in the area —until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell 17 ; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue. Light and 18 colors make people not only happier but more active. It is an 19 fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer 20 when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey. A. bright B. scene C. wholly D. favor E. facts F. depressing G . accidents H. interfere I. established J. incidents K. disgusting L. sharply M. enjoys N. tend O. influence Unit Fourteen Passage 2 Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women 11 professors. In 1985, Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System administration for not 12 women. The University was rated among the lowest for the system. In a 1587 update, Milburn 13 and praised the progress that was made and called for even more 14 One of the positive results from her study was a system-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs. College of Communication Associate Dean, Patricia Witherspoon, said it is important that woman be 15 when it comes to relocating if they want to 16 in the ranks. Although a woman may face a chilly 17 on campus, many times in order for her to succeed, she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work. Until women make up a greater 18 of the senior positions in the University and all academia, inequalities will exist. "Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University. " Spirduso said. "If they do that they will be 19 in this system. If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are 20 wasting valuable