List of components of oil drilling rigs
This article lists the main components of a petroleum onshore drilling rig.
Offshore drilling rigs have similar elements, but are configured with a number of different drilling systems to suit drilling in the marine environment.
The equipment associated with a rig is to some extent dependent on the type of rig but typically includes at least some of the items listed below.
List of items
Simple diagram of a drilling rig and its basic operation
?Mud tank
?Shale shakers
?Suction line (mud pump)
?Mud pump
?Motor or power source
?Vibrating hose
?Draw-works
?Standpipe
?Kelly hose
?Goose-neck
?Traveling block
?Drill line
?Crown block
?Derrick
?Monkey board
?Stand (of drill pipe)
?Pipe rack (floor)
?Swivel (On newer rigs this may be replaced by a top drive)
?Kelly drive
?Rotary table
?Drill floor
?Bell nipple
?Blowout preventer (BOP) Annular type
?Blowout preventer (BOP) Pipe ram & blind ram
?Drill string
?Drill bit
?Casing head or Wellhead
?Flow line
Explanation
?Bell nipple (#22) is a section of large diameter pipe fitted to the top of the blowout preventer s that the flow line attaches to via a side outlet, to allow the drilling mud to flow back to the mud tank s.
?Blowout preventer s (BOPs) (#23 and #24) are devices installed at the wellhead to prevent fluids and gases from unintentionally escaping from the wellbore. #23 is the annular
(often referred to as Hydril named after a manufacturer), and #24 is the pipe rams and
blind rams.
?Casing head (#27) is a large metal flange welded or screwed onto the top of the conductor pipe (also known as drive-pipe) or the casing and is used to bolt the surface equipment
such as the blowout preventer s (for well drilling) or the Christmas tree (oil well) (for well production).
?Centrifuge (not pictured) is an industrial version of the device that separates fine silt and sand from the drilling fluid. It is typically mounted on top or just off of the mud tanks.
?Crown block (#13) is the stationary end of the block and tackle.
?Degasser (not pictured) is a device that separates air and/or gas from the drilling fluid. It is typically mounted on top of the mud tanks.
?Derrick (#14) is the support structure for the equipment used to lower and raise the drill string into and out of the wellbore.
?Desander / desilter (not pictured) contains a set of hydrocyclone s that separate sand and silt from the drilling fluid. Typically mounted on top of the mud tanks.
?Draw-works (#7) is the mechanical section that contains the spool, whose main function is to reel in/out the drill line to raise/lower the traveling block.
?Drill Bit (#26) is a device attached to the end of the drill string that breaks apart the rock being drilled. It contains jets through which the drilling fluid exits.
?Drill floor (#21) is the area on the rig where the tools are located to make the connections of the drill pipe, bottom hole assembly, tools and bit. It is considered the main area where work is performed.
?Drill line (#12) is thick, stranded metal cable threaded through the two blocks (traveling and crown) to raise and lower the drill string.
?Drill pipe (#16) is a joint of hollow tubing used to connect the surface equipment to the bottom hole assembly (BHA) and acts as a conduit for the drilling fluid. In the diagram, these are stand s of drill pipe which are 2 or 3 joints of drill pipe connected together and
stood in the derrick vertically, usually to save time while tripping pipe.
?Drill string (#25) is an assembled collection of drill pipe, heavy weight drill pipe, drill collars and any of a whole assortment of tools, connected together and run into the
wellbore to facilitate the drilling of a well. The collection is referred to singularly as the drill string.
?Elevators (not pictured) are hinged devices that is used to latch to the drill pipe or casing to facilitate the lowering or lifting (of pipe or casing) into or out of the wellbore.
?Flow line (#28) is large diameter pipe that is attached to the bell nipple and extends to the shale shakers to facilitate the flow of drilling fluid back to the mud tanks.
?Goose-neck (#10) is a thick metal elbow connected to the swivel and standpipe that supports the weight of and provides a downward angle for the kelly hose to hang from. ?Kelly drive (#19) is a square, hexagonal or octagonal shaped tubing that is inserted through and is an integral part of the rotary table that moves freely vertically while the rotary table turns it.
?Kelly hose (#9) is a flexible, high pressure hose that connects the standpipe to the kelly (or more specifically to the gooseneck on the swivel above the kelly) and allows free vertical movement of the kelly, while facilitating the flow of the drilling fluid through the system and down the drill string.
?Monkey board (#15) is the structure used to support the top end of the stand s of drill pipe vertically situated in the derrick.
?Mud motor (not pictured) is a hydraulically powered device positioned just above the drill bit used to spin the bit independently from the rest of the drill string.
?Mud pump (#4) is a reciprocal type of pump used to circulate drilling fluid through the system.
?Mud tank (#1) is often called mud pits and stores drilling fluid until it is required down the wellbore.
?Pipe rack (#17) is a part of the drill floor (#21) where the stands of drill pipe are stood upright. It is typically made of a metal frame structure with large wooden beams situated within it. The wood helps to protect the end of the drill pipe.
?Rotary table (#20) rotates, along with its constituent parts, the kelly and kelly bushing, the drill string and the attached tools and bit.
?Shale shaker (#2) separates drill cuttings from the drilling fluid before it is pumped back down the wellbore.
?Stand (#16) is a section of 2 or 3 joints of drill pipe connected together and stood upright in the derrick. When they are pulled out of the hole, instead of laying down each joint of drill pipe, 2 or 3 joints are left connected together and stood in the derrick to save time. ?Standpipe (#8) is a thick metal tubing, situated vertically along the derrick, that facilitates the flow of drilling fluid and has attached to it and supports one end of the kelly hose.
?Suction line (#3) is an intake line for the mud pump to draw drilling fluid from the mud tanks.
?Swivel (#18) is the top end of the kelly that allows the rotation of the drill string without twisting the block.
?Traveling block (#11) is the moving end of the block and tackle. Together, they give a significant mechanical advantage for lifting.
?Vibrating hose (#6) is a flexible, high pressure hose (similar to the kelly hose) that connects the mud pump to the stand pipe. It is called the vibrating hose because it tends to vibrate and shake (sometimes violently) due to its close proximity to the mud pumps.
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vibration 振动 sound 音 tone 音（乐音） musical tone 乐音 noise 噪音 acoustics 声学 psychoacoustics 心理声学 frequency 频率 intensity 强度 time 时间 wave form 波形 pitch 音高 loudness 响度 duration 时值 timbre 音色(tone color or quality) tuning fork 音叉 pure tone 纯音 complex tone 复音(composite tone) overtone(s) 泛音 (aliquot tone, harmonics, flageolet tone 即upper partials) overtone series 泛音列 partial(s) 分音(partial tone)
fundamental(tone) 基音(first partial) step 音级(scale step, degree) accidental(s) 变音记号 sharp 升号 flat 降号 double-sharp 重升号 double-flat 重降号 nature 还原号 intonation 音准 octave 八度 range 音域(compass) (voice) register 音区 small c 小字组c great C 大字组C contra C 大字二组C unaccented octave 小字组 one-lined octave 小字一组(one-line) two-lined octave 小字二组(two-line) three –lined octave 小字三组(three-line) four-line octave 小字四组(four-line) temperament 乐律 tempered scale 平均律(equal temperament)
对照实物确认的钻井词汇 一、井口与井控 1.套管头升高短节（上下由法兰连接，中间是三通或四通）casing spool 2.油管悬挂器tubing hanger 3.油管悬挂器上边接有阀门的盖子tubing bonnet 4.（可焊接的）导管头（接箍）conductor connector 5.（可焊接的）套管头（接箍）casing connector 6.井口帽blanking cap & plug 7.三闸板防喷器triple slide-lok preventer 8.双闸板防喷器double slide-lok prevente 9.油/套管升高短节tubing/casing riser 10.整体式升高短节integral union riser 11.法兰×丝扣井口转换头wellhead adapter 12.井口四通两边的横向阀门wing valves 13.油管悬挂器上边的变径法兰大小头bonnet 14.上边是法兰的套管头casing flange 15.只上边是法兰，下边与表层套管焊接的套管头casing head 16.套管头内的卡瓦casing slips 17.（上法兰小，下法兰大）变径套管头casing spool crossover 18.与导管焊接的坐在圆井底的套管头landing head flange top 19.卡瓦密封套管悬挂器slips seal casing hanger
20.（上下是法兰，中间是四通的）油管升高短节tubing spool 21.柔性封隔闸板flexpacker ram 22.可变径闸板variable bore ram 23.剪切闸板shearing blind ram 24.卡瓦型套管悬挂器slip-type casing hangers 25.高负荷悬挂器high-load hanger 26.悬挂器断开式密封圈hanger isolation seal ring 27.井口封隔变径变压法兰（中间有几道密封圈，下边是低压，上边是高压）packoff/crossover flange 28.油管头（下法兰大，内带密封圈；中间是四通，上法兰小）tubing heads 29.底（下）变径法兰（下边内径大，上边内径小）basic adapter 30.单密封变径法兰（下内径大，上内径小）single seal bore adapter 31.变径大小头（下边是法兰，上边是本体上钻孔攻丝扣）coupling adapter 32.油管悬挂器转换大小头短节（上法兰小，下法兰大，下法兰内有丝扣）tubingsuspension adapter 33.双油管悬挂器dual completion tubing hanger 34.双密封孔连接法兰dual seal bore adapter 35.锁紧螺丝lockdown screw 36.（地面）单油管密封总成single packer completion 37.法兰式采油树盖子flanged tree caps 38.扰性油管悬挂器coiled tubing hanger
API(America Petroleum Institute美国石油学会BHA(bottom hole assembelly井底钻具组合BHP(bottom hole pressure井底压力BOP control room远程控制台 BOP(blowout preventer防喷器 BTC(buttress thread connection梯形扣 CP(circulating pressure循环压力 DC(drill collar钻铤 DL(dogleg 狗腿 DLS(dogleg severity狗腿严重度DP(drill pipe钻杆 DST(drill stem test中途测试ECD(equivalent circulating density循环当量密度ECD(equivalent circulating density当量循环密度EF(external flush外平 EMW(equivalent mud weight当量泥浆密度EUE(external upset end内加厚 FCP(final circulating pressure终了循环压力FH(full hole贯眼扣 GPM(gallon per minute加仑每分HCR(hydraulic control remote valve液动阀 HP(hydrostatic pressure静液柱压力HWDP(heavy weight drillpipe加重钻杆 IADC(international association of drilling contractors钻井承包商 ID(inside diameter内径 IF(internal flush内平扣 KOP(kickoff point造斜点 LOT(leak off test漏失实验 LTC(long thread connection长园扣
色彩常用术语中英文对照 2007-08-06 16:48:16 (已经被浏览7次) 一.红色类红色red 朱红vermeil; vermilion; ponceau 粉红pink; soft red; rose bloom 梅红plum;crimson;fuchsia red 玫瑰红rose madder; rose 桃红peach blossom; peach; carmine rose 樱桃红cherry; cerise 桔红reddish orange; tangerine; jacinth; salmon pink; salmon 石榴红garnet 枣红purplish red; jujube red; date red 莲红lotus red 浅莲红fuchsia pink 豉豆红bean red 辣椒红capsicum red 高粱红Kaoliang red 芙蓉红hibiscus red; poppy red; poppy 胭脂红rogue red ; carmine; cochineal; lake 鲑鱼红salmon 玳瑁红hawksbill turtle red 海螺红cadmium orange 宝石红ruby red 玛瑙红agate red 珊瑚红coral 金红bronze red 铁红iron oxide red 铁锈红rust red 镉红cadmium red 铬红chrome red 砖红brick red 土红laterite; reddle 郎窑红lang-kiln red 均红Jun-kiln red 釉底红underglaze red 威尼斯红Venetian red 法国红French vermilion 茜红alizarin red; madder red 洋红carmine; magenta 品红pinkish red; magenta 猩红scarlet red; scarlet; blood red 油红oil red 紫红purplish red; madder red; wine red; wine; carmine;amaranth; claret; fuchsia;
Chapter 1 The Frequently Used-vocabulary In Well Control 井控常用词汇 1.abnormal pressure 异常压力(normal pressure, 正常压力 higher-than-expected/normal pressure, lower-than-normal pressure abnormally high pressure abnormally low pressure 2.accumulator储能器 3.accumulator bottle储能器瓶 4.acid fracture酸裂 5.adjustable choke可调节流阀 6.annular blowout preventer (BOP)环型 防喷器(ram BOP) bag BOP 7.annular pressure/casing pressure环空压 力(套压)(drillpipe pressure立压) pit gain 8.annular space环空(annulus) 9.annular velocity环空上返速度 10.anticline 背斜 11.atmospheric pressure 大气压 (0.1Mpa)(1at)
12.background gas 背景气 13.back off 倒扣/卸扣 make up 14.back-pressure 回压 check/单向阀 non-return valve回压凡尔 15.barite BaSO4重晶石 16.barium sulfate BaSO4 17.barrel (bbl) gallon/加仑 1m3=6.2897bbl 18.bell nipple 钟型导向短节,(喇叭口) 19.BHP (bottom hole pressure) 20.bleed 放喷 21.bleed line放喷管线 22.blind ram 全封闸板 pipe ram 半封闸板 shear ram 剪切闸板 23.blind ram preventer全封闸板防喷器 24.blowout 井喷 (kick 井涌) 25.blowout preventer control panel防喷器 控制面板 console 26.blowout preventer control unit防喷器控 制系统 27.blowout sticking 井喷卡钻
一、化妆品类别 二、功效类 三、彩妆类 四、常见名称 五、化妆品 INGREDIENTS(成份)中文标示简介 一、化妆品类别 护肤：skin care 洗面奶：facial cleanser/face wash(Foaming,milky,cream, Gel) 爽肤水：toner/astringent 紧肤水：firming lotion 柔肤水：toner/smoothing toner （facial mist/facial spray/ complexion mist） 护肤霜：moisturizers and creams 精华：serum/essence 喷雾：spa water/spray 乳液：fluid 保湿：moisturizer 隔离霜，防晒：sun screen/sun block 美白：whitening 露：lotion，霜：cream 日霜：day cream
晚霜：night cream 眼部GEL: eye gel 面膜: facial mask/masque 眼膜: eye mask 护唇用：Lip care 口红护膜：Lip coat 磨砂膏: facial scrub 去黑头: (deep) pore cleanser/striper pore refining 去死皮: Exfoliating Scrub 润肤露（身体）:bodylotion/moisturizer 护手霜: hand lotion/moisturizer 沐浴露: body wash 二、功效类 Acne/Spot（青春痘用品） Active（賦活用） After sun（日晒后用品） Alcohol-free（无酒精） Anti-（抗、防） Anti- wrinkle（抗老防皱） Balancing（平衡酸鹼） Clean-/Purify-（清洁用） Combination（混合性皮肤）
顶驱&钻井英文常用词汇表 （第一版） 盘锦辽河油田天意石油装备有限公司 2010年9月
一、顶驱英文 顶部驱动系统Top drive system 车载钻机truck-mounted rig 机械的mechanical 电学的electrical 液压的hydraulic 钻井设备drilling equipment 大斜度井high-inclination well 深井deep well 丛式定向钻井cluster directional well 低温顶驱low-temperature top drive system 超深井ultra-deep well 定向井directional well 载荷load capacity 工作高度working height 电动机motor 功率power 转速rotary speed 钻井扭矩drilling torque 过载能力over load capacity 卸扣break out 上扣make-up 循环压力circulation pressure 额定压力rated pressure 电源电压power voltage 电源频率power frequency 工作电流working current 通风机ventilator 接线箱junction box 平衡油缸counterbalance cylinder 盘式刹车disc brake 电缆接插件cable connector assembly 主电机main motor 液压阀组hydraulic valve block 提环bail 鹅颈管gooseneck 油箱tank 蓄能器accumulator 齿轮箱gearbox 冲管总成wash pipe assembly 液压马达hydraulic motor 回转头rotating head 导轨guide beam 倾斜油缸tilt cylinder 防松法兰lock flange 背钳back-up tong 导向器stabbing guide 遥控IBOP upper IBOP 手动IBOP lower IBOP 吊环link 吊卡elevator 齿轮轴gear shaft 冷却风机Cooling motor 交流电机 AC motor 水龙头 Swivel 主齿轮 Driving gear 编码器 Encoder 散热器 Radiator 油道 Oil passage 密封槽Seal groove 轴承 bearing 滚轮 Roller 滑套 IBOP actuator shell 曲柄 Crank 销pin 钳牙tongdies 活塞piston 螺栓bolt 黄油grease 小车总成 Carriage accessory 气流 Air current 风道 Air duct 进风口 Air inlet 出风口 Air outlet 梨型环 Pear link 卡箍clamping band 键key
家纺常用词语中英文对照 家纺常用词语中英文对照 0点 Acrylic weft-knitted blanket纬编腈纶毛毯Acrylic woollen type fabric 腈纶毛绒Apron 围裙 Bath curtain 浴帘 Bath mat 地巾 Bath towel 浴巾 Bed bag 被套 Bed cover 床罩 Bed decoration 床饰 Bed sheet jacquard 大提花被单布 Bed sheet linen 亚麻床单布 Bed sheet set 被里 Bed Sheet被单 Bed Spread; Bed Skirt 床裙 Bed valance床幔 Bedding; bedclot hes 床上用品 Blanket毯子 Bleached bed sheet 全白床单Bleached fabric 漂白织物 Bleached towel 全白毛巾 Blending--spun linen 亚麻混纺布Boudoir Pillow 闺枕 Carpet 地毯 Chenille fabric 雪尼尔织物 Chinese style bed sheet 中式床单Comforter Shell被壳 Cordage 绳 Cotton blanket 线毯、棉毯 Cotton thread tape 线带 Cotton yarn tape 纱带 Curtain窗帘 Cushion cover靠垫套 Cushion靠垫 Decoration装饰布 Door curtain门帘 Door mat门垫 Down-proof fabric 防绒布 Duvet羽绒被 Embroidered 绣花 Fabric Valance帷幔 Fake fur knitted fabric 人造毛皮针织物Fake fur 人造毛皮
地址：北京市朝阳区东三环中路7号财富中心A 座601 邮编：100020 石 油 钻 井 工 程 英 语 词 汇 2008-10-15 第一章：石油钻井工程英语基础词汇 第1 节 石油钻井工程基础词汇 钻井：drill 定向斜井：directional drilling 欠平衡钻井：under-balance drilling 海上钻井：off-shore drilling 陆地钻井： on-shore drilling 钻头：drill bit 刮刀钻头：drag bit 牙轮钻头：rock bit (镶齿钻头insert bit, 钢齿钻头steel toothed bit) 金刚石钻头：diamond bit 取心钻头：coring bit 钻头浮阀：float valve 钻头水眼：bit nozzle(or jet) 钻头水眼刺:bit nozzle washed out 钻头规：bit caliper(bit gauge) 钻头泥包：bit is balling 钻头钝了，我建议现在起钻：bit is dull. I suggest to POOH now
钻铤：DC(drill collar ) 光钻铤slick drill collar， 螺旋钻铤spiral drill collar 钻杆：DP(drill pipe ) 方钻杆：kelly 公扣：pin end 母扣：box end 内平式连接：IF(internal flash) 正规式连接：REG(regular) 贯眼式连接：FH(full hole)加重钻杆heavy weight drill pipe 短钻杆pop joint 井下马达：downhole motor 涡轮钻具：turbine 震击器：drilling jar 减震器：absorber 下部钻具组合：BHA（bottom hole assembly） 钻具扶正器：stabilizer（string stabilizer, near-bit stabilizer） 钻机：drill rig 钻井泥浆：drilling mud 钻井液：drilling fluid 钻井设备：drilling equipment油：oil 原油：crude oil 天然气：nature gas 煤层气：coal-bed gas 石油：petroleum 中国石油（简称）：CNPC（China National Petroleum Corporation ）长城钻井（简称）：GWDC(Great Wall Drilling Company) 采油：oil production 产油层(目的层)：reservoir( or pay zone) 钻进：drilling 调整钻井参数以得到理想的机械钻速： play the drilling parameters to get fast ROP 起钻：POOH(pull out of hole) 下钻：RIH(run in hole) 下套管：run casing(or RIH with casing) 短起下钻：wiper trip 循环泥浆：circulate 泥浆：reverse circulate 中途循环泥浆：break circulation 分段下钻：RIH in stages 通井：control trip 划眼：reaming 倒划眼：back reaming
Accumulator 储能器 Active tank 循环池 Adjusting bolt （刹把）调节螺栓Admission pipe 进气管 Agitator 搅拌器 Air chamber 空气包 Air line 气管线 Air-operated hoist 气动绞车Alternating current drive 交流电驱动Annular BOP 环形BOP Ato-muffler 消音器 Ball valve 球阀 Bell nipple 井口喇叭管 Bench vise 老虎钳 bit breaker 钻头装卸器 bit gauge 钻头规 blind ram preventer 盲板防喷器BOP control panel 防喷器控制盘BOP deck 防喷器平台 Bottom plug 底塞 Brake lever (brake handle) 刹把Brake line (brake staple) 刹带Bridge plug 桥塞 Buttress 梯形扣 Butterfly valve 蝶阀 By-pass 旁通 By-pass plug 旁通塞 Calipers 卡钳 Casing coupling 套管接箍 Casing cutter 套管割刀 Casing elevator 套管吊卡 Casing hanger 套管悬挂器 Casing head 套管头 Casing monkey board 套管平台Casing scraper 刮管器 Casing shoe 套管鞋 Casing slip 套管卡瓦 Casing spear 套管打捞矛 Casing spool 套管四通 Casing tong 套管大钳 Cat line 猫头绳 Cat line grip 猫头绳爪 Cat shaft 猫头轴 Cat-head 猫头 Cellar deck 井口甲板Cement 水泥 Cement basket 水泥伞 Cement plug 水泥塞 Cement retainer 水泥阻流环 Cementing bond log 固井质量检查Cementing head 水泥头 Cementing line 固井管线 Cementing pump 固井泵 Chain 链 Chain pipe tong 链钳 Chain tong 链钳 Chamber 房间，寝室 Chamber gate 阀箱，闸室 Charge pump 灌注泵 Check valve 止回阀，回压凡尔 Choke 节流器，阻流器 Choke line 阻流管线 Choke position indicator 节流阀位置指示器Choke valve 节流阀 Choke-line manifold 阻流管汇 Clutch 离合器 Conductor 导管 Cone 牙轮 Cone fisher 牙轮打捞器 Cone lock 牙轮卡死 Cooling-water pump 冷却水泵 Core barrel shoe 取心筒鞋 Core basket 取心爪 Core bit 取心钻头 Core catcher 取心爪 Core catch case 取心爪外套 Core drying oven 岩心烘箱 Crossover joint(x/o) 变换接头 Crown block 天车 Crown block beam 天车梁 Dead line 死绳 Dead line diaphragm 死绳固定器膜片Dead line anchor 死绳固定器 Degasser 除气器 Derrick 井架 Desander (desilter) 除砂器（除泥器）Direct current drive 直流电驱动Discharge line 排除管线 Double ram type preventer 双闸板防喷器Down hole tool 入井工具
一、钻井作业 1．钻台构造，设备，器材类： drilling equipment mast, derrick free standing mast drill floor v-door monkey board substructure mouse hole, rat hole gin pole setback crown block travelling block hook swivel power swivel draw works rotary table kelly kelly cock drum shaft cat head cat line deadline anchor sand line 钻井装置，钻机 井架 无绷绳轻便井架 钻台 坡板，井架大门 二层台 井架底座 鼠洞 人字架 立根盒 天车 游动滑车 大钩 水龙头 动力水龙头 绞车 转盘 方钻杆 方钻杆 滚动轴 猫头 猫头绳 死绳固定装置 捞绳器 work line ，drilling line deadline tong power tong kelly drive safety clamp elevator center latch elevator elevator chain block air hoist bushing master bushing inside BOP pipe wrench lifting sub kelly spinner geolograph cable jacket finger board slip rotary slip power slip 大绳 死绳 大钳 动力大钳 方钻杆滚子补心 安全卡子 吊卡 中开门吊卡 吊环 倒链 气动绞车 补心 转盘大补心 回压凡尔 管子扳手 提升短节 方钻杆旋转器 气测引绳 导管架 指梁 卡瓦 转盘卡瓦 动力卡瓦 2．钻头 3. Bit cone bit tri-cone bit bit noggle insert bit milled teeth bit diamond bit cone bit breaker hole openner 钻头 牙轮钻头 三牙轮钻头 钻头水眼 镶式钻头 铣齿钻头 金刚石钻头 牙轮 钻头装卸器 drilling assembly drill strings drill stem bit sub stabiliger wing stabiliger reamer drill pipe(drill collar) heavy weight drill pipe crossover sub 钻具组合 钻杆柱 钻柱 钻头接头 扶正器 翼状扶正器 辊轮扶正器 钻杆（钻铤） 加重钻杆
1.TheIdeal-GasEquation理想气体状态方程 2.PartialPressures分压 3.RealGases:DeviationfromIdealBehavior真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离 4.ThevanderWaalsEquation范德华方程 5.SystemandSurroundings系统与环境 6.StateandStateFunctions状态与状态函数 7.Process过程 8.Phase相 9.TheFirstLawofThermodynamics热力学第一定律 10.HeatandWork热与功 11.EndothermicandExothermicProcesses吸热与发热过程 12.EnthalpiesofReactions反应热 13.Hess’sLaw盖斯定律 14.EnthalpiesofFormation生成焓 15.ReactionRates反应速率 16.ReactionOrder反应级数 17.RateConstants速率常数 18.ActivationEnergy活化能 19.TheArrheniusEquation阿累尼乌斯方程20.ReactionMechanisms反应机理 21.HomogeneousCatalysis均相催化剂 22.HeterogeneousCatalysis非均相催化剂 23.Enzymes酶 24.TheEquilibriumConstant平衡常数 25.theDirectionofReaction反应方向 26.LeChatelier’sPrinciple列·沙特列原理 27.EffectsofV olume,Pressure,TemperatureCha ngesandCatalysts 体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响 28.SpontaneousProcesses自发过程 29.EntropyStandardEntropy熵标准熵 30.TheSecondLawofThermodynamics热力学第二定律 31.EntropyChanges熵变 32.StandardFree-EnergyChanges标准自由能变 33.Acid酸 34.Bases碱 35.TheProtoninWater水合质子 36.ThepHScalespH值 37.TheDissociationofWater水离解
海外钻井项目必备英语词汇ESSENTIAL ENGLISH WORDS FOR OVERSEAS DRILLING PROJECTS 山东胜利职业学院 国际化人才培训部
目录 第一章：石油钻井工程英语基础词汇 第1节石油钻井工程基础词汇 (1) 第2节石油钻井方法基础词汇 (5) 第3节石油钻井技术基础词汇 (5) 第4节石油钻井参数基础词汇 (6) 第5节石油钻井作业现场工作人员名称 (7) 第 6 节石油作业现场常用工具 (8) 第二章：石油工程常用设备及专业术语 第1节钻井设备部分 (13) 第2节钻井泵类及相关设备 (16) 第3节与泵操作有关的实用短语 (18) 第4节钻台与底座 (19) 第5节井控操作与防喷器 (19) 第三章：钻井工程作业部分 第1节钻井事故 (24) 第2节钻头 (25) 第3节钻具 (25) 第4节钻井工程地面作业实用词汇与短语 (27) 第5节钻井工程井口作业实用词汇与短语 (28) 第四章：钻井液及相关设备 第1节钻井液名称 (30) 第2节钻井液设备 (31) 第3节钻井液处理剂 (31) 第五章：钻井相关作业 第1节取芯部分 (35) 第2节固井部分 (35) 第3节固井水泥浆名称和参数 (37) 第4节测井部分 (38) 第六章：井下作业常用短语 (39) 第七章：海上钻井作业 (41) 第八章：定向井部分 (42) 第九章：石油现场机械传动与机械设备 第1节：动力与传动 (43)
第十章：石油工程作业现场生活用词 第1节身体各部分名称 (45) 第2节服装 (47) 第3节描述天气 (49) 第4节常见蔬菜名称 (49) 第5节常见水果名称 (50) 第6节味道和调味品调味品 (50) 第7节酒类和祝酒 (51) 第8节食品 (52) 第9节超级市场 (53) 第10节容器、单位及钱币 (53) 第11节肉类 (54) 第12节海鲜，鱼类 (54) 第13节救火及救援 (55) 第14节日常生活用品 (55) 第15节星期与月份 (56) 第16节数字 (57) 第17节颜色 (58) 第十一章：常用缩略语与换算 第1节常用缩略语 Abbreviation (59) 第2节钻井现场常用公英制（美国用法）换算 (60)
目录 第一节钻井英语单词 (2) 第二节井场用语，钻井常用短语及句子 (10) 第三节钻井泥浆术语 (29) 第四节常用安全术语 (31) 第五节钻井设备英语 (33) 第六节石油钻井英语情景会话 (40) 附录一：平台人员、作业者及服务公司人员名称 (47) 附录二：主要设备名称 (48) 附录三：钻具、井口工具、打捞工具名称 (52) 附录四：材料和工具名称 (53) 附录五：常用缩写形式 (55)
第一节钻井英语单词 drilling crew 钻井队 drill floor,rig floor,floor 钻台drawworks 绞车 well-site, rig-site 井场 rig manager 平台经理 DC (drill collar) 钻铤 drilling engineer 钻井工程师 DP (drill pipe) 钻杆 toolpusher 带班队长 rotary table 转盘 driller 司钻 assistant driller 副司钻derrickman, monkeyman 井架工roughneck, floorman 钻工roustabout 场地工 liner 缸套 motor fire man 司机（motorman）wellhead 井口 circulation & solid system 循环固控系统 machinist 机械师,机工,机械大班electrician 电器师,电工,电器大班operation program 作业程序(指令) cathead 猫头 caravan 营房，大篷车 tong 大钳 elevator 吊卡 well depth 井深 slip 卡瓦makeup 上扣 spud in 开钻 breakout 卸扣 ROP (rate of penetration),drilling speed, penetration rate 钻速 trip 起下钻 diesel-engine 柴油机 loss circulation 井漏，循环漏失working uniform 工作服 brake handle, brake bar 刹把 water well condition 水井井况circulating tank, circulation tank 循环罐 normal drilling 正常钻进 reserve tank 储备罐 parameter 参数 trip tank 补给罐，尖底罐, 起下钻泥浆罐（起下钻计量罐） rotary speed 转盘转速（转速）shale shaker 振动筛 pump pressure 泵压 WOB (weight on bit) 钻压 mesh 目,网孔;啮合,编织 torque 扭矩 screen cloth 筛布 displacement 排量 safety meeting 班前会 pump stroke 泵冲 shift exchange 交班、（倒班）
外贸假发常用中英文关键词对照表 一、按材质分： 化纤假发（synthetic）卡尼卡隆（kankekare）真人发（human hair） 真人发： 印度发（Indian hair） 中国发（Chinese hair） 越南发（Vietnamesehair） 缅甸发（Burmese hair） 巴西发（Brazilian Hair） 真人发： 顺发（Remy hair) 非顺发（non-remy hair） 割原发(生发)（virgin hair） Virgin价格大于remy 二、真人发产品： 1、发套：lace wig human hair full lace wig 全手织真人发发套 human hair front lace wig 半机半手真人发发套 2、发块：toupee 3、发帘子：hair weft 4、接发：hair extension 鞋带发I-tip hair extension 指甲发nail hair extension 平板发flat tip hair extension 鱼线发micro ring loop hair extension U形发U-tip hair extension) 5、发把：hair bulk 6、教习头：practise head/training head 7、模特头：mannequine head 三、化纤发产品： 1、发套：化纤机织发套synthetic fiber machine make wig 化纤半织半手发套synthetic fiber front lace wig 2、质地/头发造型：
Silky straight 柔滑顺直；Yaki straight 雅基顺直; natural straight 自然直water wave水烫波浪式；deep wave 深水波浪式；body wave 体波，实体波；Jerry curly 深卷； big curly 大卷； Afro curly 非洲式发型，圆蓬式卷；kinky curly 稍微卷； loose wave 蓬松波浪； 其它： Brazilian 巴西式（小卷很密）Best Extension 最好的接发Beautiful Custom Micro Loop Ring 微环圈 Nail Tip 发尾 Super Natural 自然的Natural Black 自然黑的Brownish Black 棕黑色的 Top Quality 优质 Clip in 发卡式 Wavy 卷曲的Curly 卷的； wavy 微卷的 Straight Silky 柔顺光滑的 Bounce 弹性 Deep Wave 大波浪 Kinky 卷曲的；缠绕的 Glueless 无胶的 yaki是指一种造型，类似于玉米烫那种。比较蓬松的头发。 clip-on hair extension 发夹发帘straight clip-on hair extension 直发发夹发帘wavy clip-on hair extension 波纹发夹发帘curly clip-on hair extension 卷发夹发帘hand tied/maded weft 手编发帘straight hand tied weft 直发手编发帘wavy hand tied weft 波纹手编发帘curly hand tied weft 卷发手编发帘machine weft 机制发帘straight machine weft 直发机制发帘
一、设备 drilling equipment 钻井装置钻机mast 钻机 derrick 井架 free standing mast无绷绳轻便井架 jack kinfe mast折叠式轻便井架 drill floor 钻台 v－door 井架大门monkey board 二层台substructure 井架底座mouse hole 鼠洞 rat hole 鼠洞 qin pole 人字架 set back 立根盒crown block 天车travelling block 游动滑车hook 大钩swivel 水龙头power swivel 动力水龙头draw works 绞车rotary table 转盘 kelly 方钻杆kelly cock 方钻杆考可drum shaft 滚筒轴workline 大绳drilling line 大绳cathead 猫头deadline 死绳deadline anchor 死绳固定器sandline 捞砂绳
finger board 指梁 slip 卡瓦rotary slip 转盘卡瓦power slip 动力卡瓦tong 大钳power tong 动力大钳kelly drive方钻杆滚子补芯 safety clamp 安全卡子elevator 吊卡center latch elevator中开门吊卡elevator link 吊环 chain block 倒链 air hoist 气动绞车bushing 补芯master bushing 转盘大补芯kelly bushing 方钻杆补芯inside dop 回压凡尔pipe wrench 管子扳手lifting sub 提升短接kelly spinner 方钻杆旋扣器 二、钻头 bit 钻头 cone bit 牙轮钻头 tri-cone bit 三牙轮钻头insert bit 镶齿钻头 bit nozzle 钻头水眼milled teeth bit 铣齿钻头diamond bit 金刚石钻头cone 牙轮 bit breaker 钻头装卸器
语言学常用术语英汉对照表Chapter 1 Introduction to Linguistics语言学简介 1. anthropological linguistics 人类语言学 2. applied linguistics 应用语言学 3. arbitrariness任意性 4. competence 语言能力 5. computational linguistics 计算机语言学 6. cultural transmission 文化传递性 7. descriptive (grammar) 描写（语法） 8. descriptive function 描写功能 9. design features识别特征 10. diachronic linguistics 历时语言学 11. duality二重性 12. displacement不受时空限制的特征 13. emotive function 表情功能 14. expressive function表达功能 15. general linguisitcs 普通语言学 16. ideational function概念功能 17. interpersonal function人际功能 18. langue语言 19. linguistics [li?'gwistiks] 语言学 20. morphology 形态学 21. mathematical linguistics 数理语言学 22. metalinguistic function 23. neurological linguistics 神经语言学 24. phonetics 语音学 25. phonology 音系学 26. pragmatics 语用学 27. prescriptive (grammar)规定（语法） 28. psycholinguistics 心理语言学 29. parole 言语 30. performance语言运用 31. productivity能产性 32. poetic function诗学功能 33. phatic communion 交感性谈话 34. referential function所指功能 35. semantics 语义学 36. social function社会功能 37. socio-linguistics 社会语言学 38. synchronic linguistics共时语言学 39. syntax句法学