外研版必修四Unit4知识点详析及练习（有答案）
重点单词详析：
（1）quantity
【原句回放】
A yield refers to quantity (e.g. of food). 产量是指（例如，事物的）数量。
【点拨】
quantity n.数量
a quantity of 许多，大量
quantities of许多，大量
in large quantities 大量地
in quantity大量地
in large amount大量地
The printing firm buys papers in quantities.那家印刷公司成批买纸。
Great quantities of fish are caught at this time every year.= A great quantity of fish is caught at this time every year.每年这个时候都捕获大量的鱼。
It was a bad year for films, in terms of both quantity and quality.
今年的电影无论从数量上还是质量上都说不上好。
a quantity of和quantities of既可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词；其作主语时,a quantity of+名词,谓语动词应视名词的具体情况而定,即：跟可数复数应用复数动词，跟不可数时应用单数动词；后者用复数,即和quantity一致。
（2）type
【原句回放】
First, Y uan Longping experienced with different types of rice.
首先，袁隆平用不同品种的水稻进行实验。
【点拨】
type n.类型，品种；模范；样式；vt. 打字；测定（血等）类型；vi. 打字There are various types of the disease.该疾病有各种类型。
I was rather an outdoor type.我是那种特别喜欢户外运动的人。
Like any other type of equipment it requires regular servicing.
它和其他类型的设备一样，也需要定期检修。
It is a rare blood type. 这是罕见的血型。
Could you type this letter for me?你能为我打这封信吗？
（3）experiment
【原句回放】
First, Y uan Longping experienced with different types of rice.
首先，袁隆平用不同品种的水稻进行实验。
【点拨】
experiment n. 试验；实验；尝试；vi.尝试；做实验，
make/carry out/do/ perform/try an experiment 做实验
experiment in做……方面的实验
experiment on/upon 在……身上做实验
experiment with 以……做试验
be proved by experiment 用实验证明
The researchers are repeating the experiment on rats.研究人员用老鼠反覆做该试验。Don't experiment with such dangerous drugs.不要用这种危险的药物做实验。
He argued that the experiment could be done in another way.
他论证说这项实验可以换一种方法进行。
【拓展】
experimental adj. 试验的，实验的
experimenter n. 实验者
experience n. 经历
（4）escape
【原句回放】
The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping from the tube could lift it into the air.
中国人发现从竹筒里漏出的气体可以使其飞向空中。
【点拨】
escape n.& v.逃跑;逃脱;逃避，后常接动名词作宾语。
make one’s escape 逃跑
have a narrow escape九死一生
a fire escape紧急出口;安全门
have one’s escape cut off被切断逃路
escape (doing) sth. 逃脱(做)某事
escape from (out of)+sp. 从……逃脱/逃走
escape from reality 逃避现实
The party was boring—we couldn’t wait to make our escape.聚会很无聊，我们迫不及待地要溜走。Four prisoners who escaped from the jail have been caught.从监狱逃出的四名罪犯已经被抓住。The dog escaped through/from the back window of the bus.狗从公共汽车的后窗逃走了。【拓展】escape, escape from, flee三者都含有“逃,逃跑”的意思,但侧重点有所不同。escape强调“逃避，逃脱(不愉快的事)”,含有成功逃脱的意味,这个意义不用被动式。
escape from指“从(监禁,管制中)逃脱,逃走”或是指“(气体,液体等)漏出,泄漏”，也含有成功逃脱的意味。
elee“逃离”，不暗示逃跑的结果成功与否。
（5）clear
【原句回放】
When the smoke cleared Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared.
当烟散去时，万户和椅子都不见了。
【点拨】
clear v. (烟雾等)消散；清除；adj.易懂的；明白的
After supper, my younger brother often helps mother clear away the dishes.
晚饭后,弟弟经常帮母亲收拾碟子。
They cleared up the misunderstanding and made up.他们消除了误会，和好了。
I made it clear to him that I rejected his proposal.我清楚地告诉他我拒绝了他的建议。We spent all Saturday morning cleaning up.我们整个星期六上午都在打扫卫生。
【拓展】
clear away 把……清除掉;收拾
clear up 整理,收拾;天气放晴；消除(疑虑,误会等)
clear off 迅速逃离
clear out 除掉;整理
clear one’s throat 清嗓子
make...clear 讲清楚;弄明白
clear，clean二者都含有“使干净”的意思,为同义词。
clear adj. clear water清澈的水；v. clear the table 收拾桌子(除去不必要的东西) 。clean adj. clean water干净的水；v. clean the table 擦干净桌子。
（6）igure
【原句回放】
In the rice-growing world, the Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, is a leading figure.
在水稻种植界，中国科学家袁隆平是一位重要人士。
【点拨】
figure n. 人像；画像; 外形；轮廓；隐约的人影; 体态；名流，名人；数字
The central figure in the painting is the artist’s daughter.画中间的那个人是画家的女儿。
I could see a tall figure near the door.我可以看见门附近有一个高大的人影。
What a fine figure of a man!一个身材多好的男人！
He is a great figure in history.他是历史上的伟大人物。
Write the number in words and in figures.用文字和阿拉伯数字写出这个数。
figure sth. in 将某物包括在内；计算在内
Have you figured in the cost of food for our holiday?你把咱们度假的食物费用计算进去了吗？figure sth./ sb. out 理解某人/某事物；弄明白；演算出；计算出
I’ve never been able to figure him out.我一直不能理解他。
（7）replace
【原句回放】
The new rice replaced vegetables in 50 thousand square kilometers.
在五万平方公里内，新型稻子取代了蔬菜。
【点拨】
replace vt. 替换，替代(常可与介词with或by连用)；把……放回原处
Can anything replace a mother’s love and care?有任何事情能替代母亲的关爱照顾吗？
I’m going to replace the tape recorder with/by a CD player.我准备用ＣＤ播放器代替磁带。He replaced the dictionary on the shelf after using it.使用后他把词典放回书架。
【拓展】
表示“代替”的词或词组有：replace, take the place of, in place of，in one’s place, instead, instead of...
（8）measure
【原句回放】
Measure can be explained as “to find out how long, wide, heavy, etc something is”. Measure 可以解释为：弄清楚某物多长、多宽、多重……
【点拨】
measure n.措施；量度；尺寸；程度；办法；v. 测量；比较；给予；权衡
He wanted the suit made to his own measure.他想要这套西装照他自己的尺寸做。
You are right in some measure.从某种程度上来说你是对的。
He measured his words with caution.他仔细斟酌着字句。
They measured the height of the ceiling.他们测量了天花板的高度。
Measure for measure. 一报还一报。
be measured in 以……计算、测量
take measures 采取措施
The government has taken measures to restrain inflation.政府已采取措施控制通货膨胀。
（9）cross
【原句回放】
He thought there was only one way to do this — by crossing different species of rice plant, and... 他认为，唯一的办法是使不同种类的水稻杂交，这样……
【点拨】
cross n. 交叉，十字；十字架，十字形物；vi. 交叉；杂交；横过；vt. 杂交；渡过；使相交；adj. 交叉的，相反的；乖戾的；生气的
Red Cross 红十字会
cross out 删去；划掉；取消；删除
cross over 横渡
The experts in the zoo tried to cross a leopard with a lion.动物园里的专家们试图使豹与狮子杂交。It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说，穿过车来车往的街道很危险。Meet me at the point where the two paths cross.我们在那两条路的交叉点见面吧。
If you can’t sign your name, make a cross instead.你如果不会签名，画一个十字也可以。He was very cross because his roommate took his umbrella without getting his permission.
他非常生气，因为他的室友未经同意就把他的伞拿走了。
重点短语详析：
（1）bring in
【原句回放】
Researchers were brought in from all over China to develop the new system.
全国的研究者都被召集来开发这个新的体系。
【点拨】
bring in请来；引进；赚钱；收割庄稼
They’ve brought in experts to advise on the project.他们已请来专家对该项目提供意见。They have brought in some advanced equipment.他们引进了一些先进设备。
【拓展】
bring on导致,促成;使……发展/进步
bring out阐释;出版(书籍等);发挥
bring up教育;养育;提出;呕吐
bring about引起;导致
bring back归还;使记起;使恢复
bring down使落下
（2）the key to
【原句回放】
He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly. 他想，养活世人的关键是更多更快地生产大米。
【点拨】
the key to... ……的关键
其中to是介词，其后要跟名词、代词或动名词，类似的用法还有：
the answer to the question 问题的答案
the key to the door 门的钥匙
notes to the text 课本注释
an end to the meeting 会议的结束
the entrance to the building 大厦的入口
（3）search for
【原句回放】
Then he began his research for a special type of rice plant.
然后，他开始寻找一种特殊的水稻品种。
【点拨】
search for 寻找、寻求，在例句中search为名词。
We searched in vain for the missing child. 我们到处寻找那孩子, 但没有找到。
They searched all the drawers for the missing paper.他们翻了所有的抽屉找寻那份遗失的文件。
【拓展】research与search辨析：
research意为“研究、调查”，指审慎的探究，科学地研究或批判地探究，用于学问、宗教、物理、天文、考古等方面的调查或研究，常用复数形式；
search意为“搜索、探究”，指审慎地和持续地调查研究，用于搜索失窃物或者探究真理、知识等。
（4）come to/into power
【原句回放】
Albert Einstein left Germany when Hitler came to power and went to work in the US.
当希特勒上台后，爱因斯坦离开德国到美国工作。
【点拨】
come to/into power (开始)掌权；上台
When did the labour government come into power? 工党政府什么时候执政的？
As soon as their party came into power they changed the law.他们的党一上台，他们就开始修改法律。The project is off our hands since the new manager came into power.
自从新经理上台之后，项目就不归我们管了。
【拓展】
in one’s power为某人力所能及；
in power 当权的，掌权的；
beyond one’s power力所不能及；
within one’s power力所能及；
do all in one’s power尽力，竭尽全力；
fall from power下野，下台；
take/seize power夺取政权；
put...into power使执政;使上台
The masses put the Labor Party into power. 群众让工党上台执政。
The communists seized/took power in 1962. 在1962年共产党取得政权。
（5）instead of
【原句回放】
Perhaps come of the tubes jumped out of the fire instead of exploding in it.
可能有一些竹筒从火中蹦出来，没有爆炸。
【点拨】
instead of 代替，而不是，后常跟名词、代词和动名词，偶尔跟复合结构。
I gave him advice instead of money.我给了他忠告，而不是钱。
Instead of lending a hand, he laughed at us.他不仅没有帮我们一把，反而嘲笑我们。
instead of也可以跟形容词、副词、介词短语。
I went to bed late instead of early that night.那天晚上我晚睡而没有早睡。
There is a growing tendency for people to work at home instead of in offices.
人们在家里而不是在办公室里工作的趋势日益增长。
【拓展】
辨析instead，instead of:
instead意为“替代，代替”，用作副词，常位于句尾；如用在句首，用逗号隔开。instead 在顺接句中意为“代替”；在转折句中意为“然而”。
Lily is not here. Ask Lucy instead.莉莉不在这儿，去问露西吧。
instead of后常跟名词、代词和动名词，偶尔跟复合结构。
重点句型详析：
（1）比较级的修饰语
【原句回放】
Its yield is much greater than the yield of other types of rice grown in Pakistan.
它的产量比巴基斯坦所种植的其他水稻的产量都要高很多。
句式分析
本句是一个用much修饰比较级的句型。Much修饰比较级,意为“……得多”。修饰比较级的常见词还有:a little, a bit, a lot, rather, by far, far, even, still, any, no等。
She is feeling a lot better today. 今天她感觉好多了。
The patient looked still worse today than yesterday. 病人看上去比昨天状态更差。
She speaks English far better than her classmates. 她比她的同学们英语说得好。
巩固练习
一、根据提示完成句子
1.他希望靠卖饮料来谋生。
He hoped to__________ __________ __________ __________ __________drinks.
2.由于交通阻塞，他开会迟到了。
He was late for the meeting__________ __________ __________ __________a traffic jam.
3.他执政后，为人民做了大量的工作。
After he__________ __________ __________, he did a lot of work for the people.
4.树上的鸟儿朝四面八方飞去。
The birds in the trees flew__________ __________ __________.
5.去年那座楼房被改建成了学校。
That building __________ __________ __________ a school last year.
6.当你读完这本书时，请放回原处。
When you have finished reading the book, please __________ it.
7. 这只鸟很幸运没有被抓住。
The bird was lucky and ____________ ____________ ____________.
8. 你今天感觉好点了吗？
Do you ____________ ____________ ____________ today？
9.大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。
It rained heavily, ____________ ____________ ____________in that country.
10.她大怒，把一只茶杯扔在地上，摔得粉碎。
She was so angry that she threw a cup on the floor, ____________ ____________
____________ ____________.
11.不借助面部表情就能清楚地表达自己的观点会很难。
To___________ yourself___________ without using facial expressions can be very difficult.
二、词语辨析
1. bring in/bring up/bring about
①The economic reform ________________ great change in the lives of the common people.
①We should ___________________ new technology to improve the product quality.
①Mary was ___________________ by her aunt.
2. carry out/give out/pick out/turn out
①It ___________________ that she was a friend of my sister's.
①At once I ___________________ my elder brother in the crowd.
①Three students were chosen to ___________________ the experiment.
①Tom's legs ___________________ and he couldn't run farther.
3. refer to/look up
①His business has ___________________ since last year.
①Please ___________________ our catalogue for details.
①She ___________________ the subject several times during her speech.
①___________________ the word in your dictionary.
①She has always ___________________ to her father.
4. discover/invent/find out
①Bell ______________ the telephone.
①Do you know who ___________________ America?
①Maybe I could ___________________ some useful information.
①The scientists ___________________ a new planet.
三、选词填空
2. A new type of rocket___________ ___________ _________ under the sea by a submarine.
3. We'll have tea in the garden___________ ___________ in the house.
4. China was___________ ___________ with Japan for eight years
5. She___________ a stamp to the envelope and mailed it.
6. A bomb___________ in the building and caused a big fire.
7. Rockets were probably invented___________ ___________ about 2,000 years ago.
8. The bird that I have fed for half a year___________ ___________ the cage the other day.
9. We___________ the candle and the candle made the room bright.
10. This is the village where the hero was born and___________ ___________.
四、完形填空
In the city of Fujisawa, Japan, lives a woman named Atsuko Saeki. When she was a teenager, she __1__ of going to the United States. Most of what she knew about American __2__ was from the textbooks she had read. “I had a __3__ in mind：Daddy watching TV in the living room, Mummy __4__ cakes and their teenage daughter off to the cinema with her boyfriend.”
Atsuko __5__ to attend college in California. When she arrived, however, she found it was not her__6__world. “People were struggling with problems and often seemed __7__”, she said. “I felt very alone.”
One of her hardest __8__ was physical education. “We played volleyball,” she said. “The other students were__9__it, but I wasn’t.”
One afternoon, the instructor asked Atsuko to __10__ the ball to her teammates so they could knock it __11__ the net. No problem for most people, but it terrified Atsuko. She was afraid of losing face __12__ she failed.
A young man on her team __13__ what she was going through. “He walked up to me and __14__, ‘Come on. You can do that.’”
“You will never understand how those words of __15__ made me feel...Four words: You can do that. I felt like crying with happiness.”
She made it through the class. Perhaps she thanked the young man；she is not__16__.
Six years have passed. Atsuko is back in Japan, working as a salesclerk. “I have __17__ forgotten the words,” she said. “When things are not going so well, I think of them.”
She is sure the young man had no idea how much his kindness __18__ to her. “He probably doesn’t even remember it,” she said. That may be the lesson. Whenever you say something to a person-cruel or kind-you have no idea how long the words will __19__. She’s all the way over in Japan, but still she hears those four __20__ words: you can do that.
1. A. learned B. spoke C. dreamed D. heard
2. A. way B. life C. education D. spirit
3. A. photo B. painting C. picture D. drawing
4. A. baking B. frying C. steaming D. boiling
5. A. hoped B. arranged C. liked D. attempted
6. A. described B. imagined C. created D. discovered
7. A. tense B. cheerful C. relaxed D. deserted
8. A. times B. questions C. classes D. projects
9. A. curious about B. good at C. slow at D. nervous about
10. A. kick B. pass C. carry D. hit
11. A. through B. into C. over D. past
12. A. after B. if C. because D. until
13. A. believed B. considered C. wondered D. sensed
14. A. warned B. sighed C. ordered D. whispered
15. A. excitement B. encouragement C. persuasion D. suggestion
16. A. interested B. doubtful C. puzzled D. sure
17. A. never B. already C. seldom D. almost
18. A. happened B. applied C. seemed D. meant
19. A. continue B. stay C. exist D. live
20. A. merciful B. bitter C. simple D. easy
五、书面表达
假设你正在参加全省中学生英语演讲比赛，请你针对有些父母经常翻看孩子日记或书包这一现象，写一篇演讲稿，陈述你的观点。
演讲稿的主要内容应包括：
1. 认为同学们不必为此苦恼；
2. 希望能够体谅父母的苦衷；
3. 建议与父母进行交流和沟通。注意：
要求：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Good morning, ladies and gentleman.
Some of us are having problems with our parents, as they often look into our school bags or read our diaries.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
答案与解析
一、根据提示完成句子
1. earn / make his living by selling
2. as a result of
3. came to power
4. in all directions / in every direction
5. was converted into
6. replace
7. escaped being caught8. feel any better
9. causing severe flooding10. breaking it into pieces
11. make; clear
二、词语辨析
1.①brought about ①bring in ①brought up
2.①turned out ①picked out ①carry out ①gave out
3.①looked up ①refer to ①referred to ①Look up ①looked up
4.①invented ①discovered ①find out ①discovered
三、选词填空
1. is used to
2. was sent up
3. instead of
4. at war
5. attached
6. exploded
7. by accident
8. escaped from
9. lit 10. brought up
四、完形填空
1. C。dream of意为“梦想”，表示她在年轻时梦想去美国。learn of意为“听到，获悉”；speak of意为“说到，谈到”；hear of意为“听说”。
2. B。life意为“生活”，泛指“生活；生涯”，即某种方式的生活，表示她对美国生活的了解来自所读的课本。way意为“方式，方法”；education意为“教育”；spirit意为“精神”。
3. C。picture“图画”，泛指人物、风景、物品等的水彩画。photo意为“照片”。painting 意为“油画”，专指美术绘画的各种彩色作品，常指油画和水彩画。drawing意为“画”，常指用铅笔、钢笔或粉笔画的“线条画”，主要的手段是明暗对比，一般不用色彩，包括素描或工程图纸。
4.A。bake意为“烘，焙，烤”，指在热的表面上慢慢地烘焙。bake cakes表示“烤制蛋糕”。fry意为“用油煎，用油炸、炒”，指用油煎鱼或炒菜。steam意为“蒸”，指用蒸汽蒸饭。boil意为“煮”，指用水煮食物。
5. B。arrange意为“准备，安排”，指为某事作好准备和安排。根据下文所提供的情景“When she arrived”可判断出Atsuko准备去加利福尼亚上大学。hope意为“希望”；like意为“喜欢，愿意”；attempt意为“企图”，都与下文的内容不相符合。
6. B。imagine意为“想象，设想；猜想，推测”，上文讲到“I had a picture in mind：Daddy watching TV in the living room，Mummy baking cakes and their teenage daughter off to the cinema with her boyfriend.”因此可判断出实际的情况与她想象的不一样。describe意为“描述”；create意为“创作，创造”；discover意为“发现”。
7.A。tense意为“紧张的”，上文中的“People were struggling with problems”说明，由于尽力解决问题，他们似乎经常处于紧张状况。cheerful意为“高兴的；兴致勃勃的；欢乐的；快活的；爽快的”；relaxed意为“放松的”；deserted意为“被放弃的”。
8.C。class意为“课程”，根据其表语“physical education”可判断出她最困难的课程是体育。time意为“时间”；question意为“问题”；project意为“工程、项目”。
9. B。be good at意为“擅长于”，指善于做某事。but是并列连词，表示转折和对比，从
but I wasn’t可以看出：其他同学擅长于打排球，而Atsuko却在这方面存在困难。be curious about意为“对……好奇”；be slow at意为“在……迟钝”；be nervous about意为“对……感到紧张”。
10. D。hit意为“打，击”，hit the ball表示用手击球。上文中的We played volleyball表明他们在打排球，所以要用手击球。kick the ball意为“踢球”，pass the ball意为“传球”，carry the ball意为“带球”，都不符合打排球的比赛规则。
11. C。over意为“越过”，指把排球打过网。through意为“穿过”，指从空间中穿过。into 意为“到……里”，past意为“过，通过”，这也都不符合打排球的比赛规则。
12. B。if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，表示如果她不能把球击中，她害怕她会丢人。after引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之后”。because引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。until引导时间状语从句，意为“一直……”，表示动作一直延续到until从句的谓语动词所表示的动作发生。
13. D。sense意为“感觉(到)”指通过直觉、迹象、线索等隐约感到或明白。句意为：球队的一位年轻人觉察出Atsuko的心理状态。believe意为“相信”；consider意为“考虑”；wonder意为“感到迷惑不解，想知道”。
14. D。whisper意为“低语；耳语”，指低声地对某人说话、讲话。因为这位年轻人觉察出Atsuko害怕在人们面前丢脸的心理状态，所以他用“Come on. You can do that.”这样的话语鼓励她，而在许多人面前，他只能低声地对她说。warn意为“警告”；sigh意为“叹息”；order意为“命令”。
15. B。encouragement意为“鼓励”，“Come on. You can do that.”意为“加油，你能行”，是鼓励人们努力的话语。excitement意为“激动”；persuasion意为“说服，劝导”；suggestion 意为“建议”。
16. D。sure意为“深信，确信”。上文讲述了在一次排球比赛中，一位年轻人鼓励Atsuko 努力去做，“You can do that.”使她增强了信心，体育课程取得了好成绩。所以这里讲到她或许应该谢谢这个年轻人，但心中没有把握，不知道该不该这样做。interested意为“感兴趣”；doubtful意为“怀疑的”；puzzled意为“感到迷惑不解的”。
17.A。never意为“从不”，根据下文中的“When things are not going so well，I think of them.”可判断出Atsuko没有忘记那位年轻人所说的话。already意为“已经”；seldom意为“不常；很少；难得……”；almost意为“几乎”。
18. D。mean意为“意味着”，表示她深信那位年轻人不知道她的好心对她来说有多么重要。happen意为“发生”，指事情偶然发生；apply意为“运用，应用”；seem意为“似乎”。
19. B。stay意为“保留”，多指停留或处于相对稳定的状态。表示你不知道一个人说的话会保留多长时间。continue意为“继续”，指任何进行过程在时间或空间上的延续，强调持续不断、无间歇、无终止，有时也可指短暂停止后继续进行。exist意为“存在”。live 意为“居住”。
20. C。simple意为“简单的”，“You can do that.”只含有四个词，是一句简单的话。merciful 意为“仁慈的，温和的”；bitter意为“辛苦的，悲惨的”；easy意为“容易的”。
五、书面表达
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen.
Some of us are having problems with our parents, as they often look into our school bags or read our diaries. I fully understand why we are not comfortable about it, but there’s no need to feel too sad. Our parents are checking our bags or diaries to make sure we’re not getting into any trouble. They have probably heard some horrible stories about other kids and thought we might do the same. Or perhaps they just want to connect with us but are doing it all wrong. My suggestion is: Tell them we want them to trust us as much as we’d like to trust them. If you don’t think you can talk to them, write them a letter and leave it lying around—they are bound to read it.
Thank you!
人教版高一英语必修一第四单元Earthquake重点词组及练习 1.burst into +n =burst out doing 突然·····起来burst into tears =burst out crying 2.as is known to everybody总所周知 3.be injured 受伤 4.cut across穿过横穿 5.as usual像往常一样 6.give out散发出精疲力竭 7.instead of 代替 8.give a speech演讲9.put up shelters搭建避难 10.be pleased to do sth.乐意做某事11.be proud of 以·····而自豪 12.the number of ·····的数量13.in the open air 在户外 14.right away立刻15.in ruins破败不堪成废墟 16.dig out掘出17.at an end 终结 18.a number of 许多大量的19.too····· to·····太·····而不能 20.tens of thousands of 成千上万的 21.be trapped in =be caught in 被困在·····中 22.all ····· not····· = not all·····并非所有·····都 23.to the north of =north of 在·····的北面24.be rescued from 被从·····解救出 25.be buried 被埋葬被埋藏26.bury oneself in =be buried in 专心于，埋头于 27.think little of 评价不高think highly of 赞许给予较高评价 28.as if 仿佛29. be/ get shocked 震惊30.at an end 终结 1、In the city, the water pipes in some buildings crashed and burst. 城市里，一些大楼里的水管爆裂。 burst爆裂,突发 用法归纳： I felt as if my heart would burst with joy. 我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。 The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入。 There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。 联想扩展： (1) burst in on…突然打断 He burst in on our conversation. 他突然打断了我们的谈话。 (2) burst into +n.突然… The speaker burst into angry speech. 演讲者突然讲粗话。 (3) burst out + doing突然… The woman burst out crying like a child. 那个妇女突然像小孩一样哭了。 2. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 地震中，有三分之二的人死亡或受伤。injury n. 伤害 易混辨析： injure ; hurt; wound; harm 伤害
BOOK4 UNIT3 WORDS humour un.幽默；滑稽 Phrases: a sense of humour 幽默感 have a/no sense of humour 有/无幽默感 a man with humour 一个有幽默感的人 Derivative: humorous adj.幽默的；诙谐的 comedy cn.喜剧 Phrases: cut the comedy 停止搞笑；不再胡闹 Antonym: tragedy cn.悲剧 up to now ph.直到现在 Points: 该短语与so far , recently , in recent years 等后引导句子都用现在完成时depressed adj.忧愁的；沮丧的 Derivative: depressing adj.令人感到沮丧的 depression n.沮丧 depress vt.使沮丧；消沉 content adj.满足的；满意的Phrases: be/feel content with 对……满足be content to do sth 乐意做某事n.满足Phrases: to one’s heart’s content 心满意足的；尽情地 . sing to one’s heart’s content 尽情歌唱 vt.使满足content oneself with 使自己对……满足 n. [’k ? n’ t e n t] 容量；含量；内容；目录 performer n.表演者；演出者 Derivative: performance cn.表演；演出 Phrases: give a performance = put on 表演 perform v.表演 astonish vt.使惊诧 Derivative: astonished adj.惊诧的 astonishing adj.令人感到惊诧的 astonishment n.惊诧Phrases: (much) to one’s astonishment 令人惊诧fortunate adj.幸运的；吉利的 Derivative: fortunately adv.幸运地 unfortunately adv.不幸地 badly off ph.穷的；缺少的 Usages: be badly off for 缺乏……（物品） 比较级: worse off Antonym: well ( better ) off 富藏的；富有的
高中英语学习材料 ***鼎尚图文理制作*** Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 课文知识点解析Warming Up Discuss in pairs which science subjects are part of medicine,biochemistry, geophysics or astronomy. 分组讨论哪些科学科目是医学，生物化学，地理学或天文学的一部分。 in pairs=two at a time=in twos 一次两个，两个一组 e.g.Shoes and slippers are sold in pairs. 鞋子都是论双卖的。 注意：in+数词/名词（数词/名词以复数形式） e.g.in threes and fours 三三两两的 in groups 成群的思维拓展 in在这里表示：以……数量/形式、形状等。 e.g.Tourists queue in thousands to see the tomb. 游客数以千计排着队看陵墓。 Reading 1.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clear whether the solid shape was to last or not. 这一问题变得越来越不确定，因为这一球体形状是否能够维持尚未明朗。 (1)violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 a violent language 激烈的语言 a violent storm 猛烈的风暴 a violent 猛攻思维拓展 violence n.［U］ 1.暴力，强暴 2.猛烈，剧烈，强烈 (2)whether...or not... “是……还是……”在这里是主语从句,它还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。 e.g.I don’t know whether he will agree with me.（宾语） 我不知道他是否同意我的观点。 The question is whether he will agree to my proposal.（表语） 问题是他是否同意我的建议。 I have no idea whether he can do it or not.（同位语） 我不知道他是否能做这件事。 2.It exploded loudly with fire and rock,which were in time to produce the water vapour,carbon dioxide,oxygen,nitrogen and other gases,... 球体发生剧烈爆炸，伴有火焰和岩浆，这些最终生成水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧气、氮气及其他气体，……全析提示 whether or not 其后还可跟不定式，构成whether to do or not。 e.g.Whether to go there or not is still a question. 是否去还是个疑问。 在此结构中，whether 不能用if 替换。
第四章细胞的物质输入和输出 第一节物质跨膜运输的实例 一、渗透作用 （1）渗透作用：指水分子（或其他溶剂分子）通过半透膜的扩散。 （2）发生渗透作用的条件： 一是具有半透膜，二是半透膜两侧具有浓度差。 二、细胞的吸水和失水（原理：渗透作用） 1、动物细胞的吸水和失水 外界溶液浓度<细胞质浓度时,细胞吸水膨胀 外界溶液浓度>细胞质浓度时,细胞失水皱缩 外界溶液浓度=细胞质浓度时,水分进出细胞处于动态平衡 2、植物细胞的吸水和失水 细胞内的液体环境主要指的是液泡里面的细胞液。 原生质层：细胞膜和液泡膜以及两层膜之间的细胞质 外界溶液浓度>细胞液浓度时,细胞质壁分离 外界溶液浓度<细胞液浓度时,细胞质壁分离复原 外界溶液浓度=细胞液浓度时就，水分进出细胞处于动态平衡 3、质壁分离产生的条件： （1）具有大液泡（2）具有细胞壁(3) 活细胞 4、质壁分离产生的原因： 内因：原生质层伸缩性大于细胞壁伸缩性 外因：外界溶液浓度>细胞液浓度 5、植物吸水方式有两种： （1）吸胀作用（未形成液泡）如：干种子、根尖分生区（了解） （2）渗透作用(形成液泡的) 二、比较几组概念 扩散：物质从高浓度到低浓度的运动叫做扩散（扩散与过膜与否无关）（如：O2从浓度高的地方向浓度低的地方运动） 渗透：水分子或其他溶剂分子通过半透膜的扩散又称为渗透 （如：细胞的吸水和失水，原生质层相当于半透膜）
半透膜：物质的透过与否取决于半透膜孔隙直径的大小 （如：动物膀胱、玻璃纸、肠衣、鸡蛋的卵壳膜等） 选择透过性膜：细胞膜上具有载体，且不同生物的细胞膜上载体种类和数量不 同，构成了对不同物质吸收与否和吸收多少的选择性。 （如：细胞膜等各种生物膜） 第二节生物膜的流动镶嵌模型 一、探索历程（略，见P65-67）、细胞融合实验 二、流动镶嵌模型的基本内容 ▲磷脂双分子层构成了膜的基本支架 ▲蛋白质分子有的镶嵌在磷脂双分子层表面，有的部分或全部嵌入磷脂双分子层中，有的横跨整个磷脂双分子层 ▲磷脂双分子层和大多数蛋白质分子可以运动 三、糖蛋白（糖被）组成：由细胞膜上的蛋白质与糖类结合形成。 作用：细胞识别、免疫反应、血型鉴定、保护润滑等。 第三节物质跨膜运输的方式 一、被动运输：物质进出细胞，顺浓度梯度的扩散，称为被动运输。 (1)自由扩散：物质通过简单的扩散作用进出细胞 (2)协助扩散：进出细胞的物质借助载体蛋白的扩散 二、主动运输：从低浓度一侧运输到高浓度一侧，需要载体蛋白的协助，同时还需要消耗细胞内化学反应所释放的能量，这种方式叫做主动运输。 四、大分子物质进出细胞的方式：胞吞、胞吐。（如分泌蛋白的形成） 利用原理：膜的流动性 两种方式都需要能量，但不需要跨膜，通过囊泡的形式运输。 五、影响几种跨膜运输方式的条件 1、自由扩散：内外浓度差 2、协助扩散：内外浓度差、载体数量 3、主动运势：载体数量、A TP量
高三英语必修一unit4知识点整理 《高三英语必修一unit4知识点整理》助你榜上有名！ 1.Nowimaginetherehasbeenabigearthquake.现在，假设有一次大地震。 “There+be+主语+其它成分”结构中there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词按照就近一致原则。 其它相似句型还有： Therehappentobe碰巧有 Thereseems/appearstobe好像有 Thereislikelytobe可能有 Theremay/mightbe也许有 Theremustbe一定有 Therecan’tbe不可能有 Thereissaid/reportedtobe据说/据报道有 Thereusedtobe曾经有 Thereissure/certaintobe一定有 2.happento. It(so)happenedthat… DidyouhearwhathappenedtoDavidlastnight? 你听说大卫昨天晚上发生什么事了吗? WhatwillhappentothechildrenifPeterandAlicebreakup? 如果彼得和爱丽丝离婚孩子们将怎么办?
IhappenedtoseePeteronthewaytothebookstoreyesterday.昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。 ItsohappenedthatIsawPeteronthewaytothebookstoreyesterday.昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。 Ihappenedtobeoutwhenhecalled.他来访时，恰巧我出去了。 (=IthappenedthatIwasoutwhenhecalled.) IhappenedonjustthethingIhadbeenlookingfor.我偶然发现了我所要找的东西。 3.rightaway毫不迟疑，立刻 Heisill;youshouldcallinthedoctorrightaway.他病了,你应该立即请大夫来。 4.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.裂缝里冒出臭气。 5.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。 6.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.但是，这个城市的一百万居民都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。 7.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.世界似乎到了末日。 从句表示“(在某人)看来好像;似乎” ①Itseems/looks/appearsasif/though…看起来好像… ②Sb./Sth.looksasif/though…(不用seem/appear) ③Thereseems/appears(tobe)…(不用look) Thereappearstohavebeenamistake.=Itappearsthattherehasbeenamistake. ④Itseemsso.=Soitseems.看来似乎是这样。 8.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins. 在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沦落为一片废墟之中。
高一英语必修三知识点归纳Unit1 Festivals around the world 1.sth take palce某事（按意图、）发生，举行 (不及物动词，不能用于被动语态) 2.v.(去e)＋al→n. arrive (v.) 到达→arrival (n.)到达者 survive (v.) 幸存；幸免于；→survival (n.)幸存者 3.starve to death ＝be starved to death饿死starve for sth.渴望某物starvation n.饥饿，饿死 4.in memory of sb 纪念某人 5.have belief in对……有信心believe in相信……的存在，believe vt.相信；认为 6.dress up穿上盛装；打扮；dress sb. up=dress up sb. 打扮某人 sb be dressed in某人穿着… 7.play a trick on sb. ＝play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人 8.admire sb. for sth.因某事而羡慕某人 with/in admiration钦佩地 9.look forward to doing sth 期待做某事 look up to 仰视；尊重 look down on/upon 瞧不起 look into调查 10.have fun with sth/sb玩得开心 for fun为了好玩； it’s fun to do sth.做某事很有趣funny adj.有趣的；滑稽可笑的 11.offer sth to sb=offer sb sth 提供某人某物12.decorate sth with sth 用…来装饰… 13.day and night 日夜 14.turn up 出现，到场，调高（音量）turn down 调低 turn to 转向，求助于 turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 15.permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 permit doing sth.允许做某事 time/weather permitting=if time/weather permits 如果时间/天气允许的话 permission n.许可，允许 16.keep one’s word 守信用；履行诺言bre ak one’s word失信；食言； in a word 总之 17.hold one’s breath 屏息；屏气 out of breath 上气不接下气 18.drown oneself in…(＝be drowned in...)浸在…… 19.set off 出发；动身 20.remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事；remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事21.forgive sb. for doing sth.原谅某人做了某事 22.It was obvious t hat…显而易见的是… It is a pity that...很遗憾…… It is well known that... 众所周知…23.try to do sth=seek to do sth企图做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 24.mean to do sth打算做某事 mean doing sth意味着做某事 25.hear about/of sth听说某事 26.apologize to sb. for sth./doing sth.因某事/做了某事而向某人道歉make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉27.情态动词will,may,might,can,could,must,should等后面接动词原形
必修4 Unit1 Women of achievement知识点讲解 重点词汇 1. achieve 【课文原句】She has achieved everything she wanted to do… (P3) 【名师点拨】achieve v. 意为“完成；达到”，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。其名词形式为achievement，意为“成就；功绩”，a sense of achievement可指“成就感”。如： He had finally achieved success. Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement. 2. condition 【课文原句】She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. (P1) 【名师点拨】condition 意为“环境；境况；条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions；意为“状态；状况”时，是不可数名词，be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态”，be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。如： We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions. The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness. My car is old but in good condition. He is overweight and out of condition. 【知识拓展】condition意为“条件”时，常用短语on condition that，表示“如果；在……条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用under the condition that。如： I will come on condition that Peter is invited. They agreed under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly. 3. devote 【课文原句】She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. (P1) 【名师点拨】devote vt. 意为“投入于；献身”，其宾语后常与介词to搭配，
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars 单元自测 1完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Who said: "If I didn't have bad luck, I wouldn't have any luck at all！" However，not all "bad luck" should be considered as a (n) 1 thing. When life gives you a kick, let it kick you 2 ! In the 1920s, Ernest Hemingway 3 something about "bad luck" and got just such a kick. He was 4 to succeed as a writer when 5 struck. He lost a suitcase containing all the manuscripts (手稿) that he had been planning to publish. Hemingway couldn't imagine doing his work all over again. All those months of writing were simply 6 . He told a friend about his bad luck, who told him it was actually very good 7 ! He assured (向...保证) Hemingway that when he rewrote the stories, he would forget the 8 parts; only the best material would reappear. He encouraged Hemingway to start again, but with optimism and 9 this time. Hemingway did rewrite the stories and eventually became a world-famous writer. Don't pray for fewer problems; pray for more ability. Don't ask for smaller challenges; ask for greater 10 . When life gives you a kick, let it kick you forwards! 1. A. essential B. confusing C. acceptable D. bad 2. A. backwards B. off C. on D. forwards 3. A. learned B. said C. heard D. solved 4. A. waiting B. struggling C. dreaming D. wishing 5. A. challenges B. changes C. disaster D. failure 6. A. buried B. failed C. wasted D. undone 7. A. fortune B. result C. journey D. idea 8. A. weak B. important C. good D. last
必修I---unit 4 I---IV Earthquakes 一、知识点 1.Now imagine there has been a big earthquake.现在，假设有一次大地震。 “There +be +主语+其它成分”结构中there为引导词，本身无意义，谓语动词按照就近一致原则。其它相似句型还有： There happen to be碰巧有 There seems/appears to be好像有 There is likely to be可能有 There may/might be也许有 There must be一定有 不可能有 There can’t be There is said/reported to be据说/据报道有 There used to be曾经有 There is sure/certain to be一定有 2. happen to. It (so) happened that… Did you hear what happened to David last night?你听说大卫昨天晚上发生什么事了吗?What will happen to the children if Peter and Alice break up?如果彼得和爱丽丝离婚孩子们将怎么办?
I happened to see Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。 It so happened that I saw Peter on the way to the bookstore yesterday.昨天我去书店的路上碰巧遇见了彼得。 I happened to be out when he called.他来访时，恰巧我出去了。(= It happened that I was outwhen he called.) I happened on just the thing I had been looking for.我偶然发现了我所要找的东西。 3. right away毫不迟疑，立刻 He is ill; you should call in the doctor right away.他病了,你应该立即请大夫来。 4. A smelly gas came out of the cracks.裂缝里冒出臭气。 5. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。 6. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usualthat night.但是，这个城市的一百万居民都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。 7. It seemed as if the world was at an end.世界似乎到了末日。 从句表示“（ 在某人)看来好像；似乎” 看起来好像… ①It seems/looks/appears as if/though… ②Sb./Sth. looks as if/though…（ 不用seem/appear) 不用look) ③There seems/appears(to be)…（ There appears to have been a mistake. =It appears that there has been a mistake.
Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the stars
[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用] 1.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命 就有可能开始发展了。 句中的it是形式宾语，真正 的宾语是不定式短语to develop。 这个女孩懂三门外语，这使她更容易找 到一份好工作。 The girl knows three foreign languages, which makes_it_easier_for_her_to_find a good job. 2.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被 送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球 上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。 “...倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原 级＋as ...”是倍数表达法之 一，意为“……是……的多 少倍”。 杰西卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和精 力，所以我相信她这次能成功。Jessica devoted three_times_as_much_time_and_energy_as she did before, so I believe she will succeed this time. 3.“Oh, dear，” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” “天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变 了，看来走路也的确需要练一练 了。” now that “既然；由于”，引 导原因状语从句，有时that 可以省略。 既然它对我们的好处如此多，为什么不 试一试呢？Now_that_it_benefits_us so much, why not have a try？ 第一板块核心单词归纳集释 1．harmful adj.有害的 [经典例句]Experts point out that fruit juices can be harmful to children’s teeth. 专家指出果汁可能损害儿童的牙齿。 ①Some boys are too crazy about playing games on the computer, which is very (harm) to their health.有些男生对玩电脑游戏简直到了痴迷的程度，这对他们的健康非常有害。 2．exist vi.存在；生存 [教材原句]They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years. (1)There exists ... 某地有……；存在…… (2)existence n. 存在；生存 come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在 ①There_exists a generation gap between the young and the old. 青年人和老年人之间存在着代沟。
人教版高中必修四英语 Unit 1 Women of achievement Warming up 1. in pairs 成对 2. quite an achievement 了不起的成就；a sense of achievement成就感 achieve one's purpose达到目的；achieve one's goal达到目标 3. have a lot/much in common (with)…) (与……)有很多共同之处 have not much / a little in common (with)…) (与……)没有很多共同之处 have something / nothing in common (with)…) (与……)有/没有共同之处 in common with…与…..一样 4.. give reasons for 给…理由 5. fight for…为……而战斗/奋斗; fight against…为反对……而斗争 fight one’s way out打出一条路fight on继续战斗fight out解决 6. put sb to death处死某人,判处某人死刑sentence sb, to death 判处某人死刑 frighten /scare sb. To death把某人吓得要命 7. improve prison conditions改善监狱的条件 8. the Nobel Peace Prize诺贝尔和平奖 9. one of the top leaders高级领导人之一 10. concern oneself with 让自己关注be concerned about/for…对…担心/关心 show/feel concerned about/for…担心/关心/挂念……with concern关切地； have no concern for…毫不关心……have no concert with…. 与……无关 as far as I am concerned 在我看来 11.. welfare projects福利项目 12.. China Welfare Institute中国福利协会 13. a specialist in women's illnesses妇科疾病的专家 14. devote all her life to将自己的一生献给… 致力于… devote sth /oneself to +n./pron./doing 或be devoted to +n./pron./doing奉献……于…… 15. encourage sb 鼓励某人；encourage sb to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 16. show the connection between A and B显示出A和B之间的联系 the connection of A with B A与B的关系/联系 in connection with…与……相关联；关于…… be connected with…与……有关系；与……有亲戚关系 “与……有关系”表达法： be related to ; be linked with; be involved in ; be in relation to ; be in connection with 17. a campaign for…争取得到……的运动 a campaign against…反对……的运动 a campaign to do…为了做……而进行的运动 campaign for…参加争取……的运动campaign against…参加反对……的运动
第四单元Earthquake 1.burst into +n =burst out doing 突然·····起来burst into tears =burst out crying 2.as is known to everybody总所周知 3.be/get injured 受伤 4.cut across穿过横穿 5.as usual像往常一样 6.give out散发出精疲力竭 7.instead of 代替 8.give a speech演讲9.put up shelters搭建避难 10.be pleased to do sth.乐意做某事11.be proud of 以·····而自豪=take pride in… 12.the number of ·····的数量13.in the open air 在户外 14.right away立刻15.in ruins破败不堪成废墟 16.dig out掘出17.at an end 终结 18.a number of 许多大量的19.too····· to·····太·····而不能 20.tens of thousands of 成千上万的21.be trapped in =be caught in 被困在·····中 22.all ····· not····· = not all·····并非所有·····都 23.to the north of =north of 在·····的北面24.be rescued from 被从·····解救出 25.be buried 被埋葬被埋藏26.bury oneself in =be buried in 专心于，埋头于 27.think little of 评价不高think highly of 赞许给予较高评价 28.as if 仿佛29. be/ get shocked 震惊30.at an end 终结 【重点词汇】 1、In the city, the water pipes in some buildings crashed and burst. 城市里，一些大楼里的水管爆裂。 burst爆裂,突发 用法归纳： I felt as if my heart would burst with joy. 我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。 The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入。 There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。 联想扩展： (1) burst in on…突然打断 He burst in on our conversation. 他突然打断了我们的谈话。 (2)burst into +n.突然… The speaker burst into angry speech. 演讲者突然讲粗话。 (3) burst out + doing突然… The woman burst out crying like a child. 那个妇女突然像小孩一样哭了。 2. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 地震中，有三分之二的人死亡或受伤。injury n. 伤害 易混辨析： injure ; hurt; wound; harm 伤害 injure比hurt 正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。
人教版高中英语必修三u n i t4知识点练习
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars 单元自测 1完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Who said: "If I didn't have bad luck, I wouldn't have any luck at all！" However，not all "bad luck" should be considered as a (n) 1 thing. When life gives you a kick, let it kick you 2 ! In the 1920s, Ernest Hemingway 3 something about "bad luck" and got just such a kick. He was 4 to succeed as a writer when 5 struck. He lost a suitcase containing all the manuscripts (手稿) that he had been planning to publish. Hemingway couldn't imagine doing his work all over again. All those months of writing were simply 6 . He told a friend about his bad luck, who told him it was actually very good 7 ! He assured (向...保证) Hemingway that when he rewrote the stories, he would forget the 8 parts; only the best material would reappear. He encouraged Hemingway to start again, but with optimism and 9 this time. Hemingway did rewrite the stories and eventually became a world-famous writer. Don't pray for fewer problems; pray for more ability. Don't ask for smaller challenges; ask for greater 10 . When life gives you a kick, let it kick you forwards! 1. A. essential B. confusing C. acceptable D. bad 2. A. backwards B. off C. on D. forwards 3. A. learned B. said C. heard D. solved 4. A. waiting B. struggling C. dreaming D. wishing 5. A. challenges B. changes C. disaster D. failure 6. A. buried B. failed C. wasted D. undone 7. A. fortune B. result C. journey D. idea 8. A. weak B. important C. good D. last 9. A. knowledge B. confidence C. imagination D. luck