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高一英语必修一Unit

高一英语必修一Unit
高一英语必修一Unit

Book1 Unit 1 Language points

1. add up

加起来

Add your scores up and we’ll see who won. 把你的得分加起来,我们就知道谁赢了。 add up to 加起来总计

These numbers add up to 100. 这些数目合计为100。 add up; add up to; add to

1. The time I spend in commuting every day _________ two and a half hours.

2. Colorful balloons can _____ the festival atmosphere.

3. To make sure the result was correct, she ______ the figures again and again.

2. upset

adj.=unhappy; feeling uncomfortable vt.=make sb. unhappy What he had done upset his parents much. 他的所作所为使他父母很不高兴。 The result of the first maths test may upset some of the students. 第一次数学测验的成绩可能会使部分同学很不安。 3. ignore vt .=pay no attention to

Some students don’t always remember their manners, they … (teachers) Don’t ignore small mistakes. They may cause big accidents. 别轻视小错,他们会造成大事故。 ignoran t adj. =knowing too little; lacking knowledge ignorance n. 4. calm down 镇静,安静,平静

Look, calm down ! We will find her. 喂,镇静一点,我们会找到她的。 We waited inside until things calmed down . 我们待在室内,直到一切都恢复了平静。 5. be concerned about =be worried about; be anxious for

The experts are concerned about the growth of the world’s population. 专家们对世界人口增长非常关注。

as/so far as sb. is concerned =in one’s opinion 就某人而言, 在某人看 As far as I am concerned , the price of oil will continue to increase.

6.cheat v . 欺骗; 骗取; 作弊

cheat sb. ( out ) of sth. 骗取某人的某物 cheat sb. into doing … 骗某人做… cheat at … 作弊; 作假

It was foolish of him to be cheated of his money . (被骗了钱)

He was cheated into smoking . ( 吸烟)

It is wrong to cheat in an examination . (考试作弊)

7. should have done 本来应该做某事 (而实际没做, 含有责备的意味)

should not have done 本来不该做某事(而实际已做)

He looks upset. I shouldn’t have told him the bad news .(本不该告诉他这个坏消息)

You are late. You should have come five minutes earlier . (早五分钟来) [考例] —I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. —You _______ her last week. (福建2004) A. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have told [点拨] 由last week 可以断定,本句是讲过去的事情,所以排除A 、C 。 should have told 表示 “本应该告诉,但实际上并未告诉”,是对对方的一种委婉责备。 8. reason

the reason for (doing) sth. What is your reason for being absent from school? the reason why… The reason why they won was that they practised hard. 9. go through = experience; suffer He has gone through a great deal in his life.

He went through the hardest time with his wife. 他陪妻子度过最艰难的时期。 Frank went through many dangers during the war. 弗兰克在战争中历经艰险。 10. She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.

[考点] before 意思是 “在……之前”,引导时间状语从句。 [考例] He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _______ it

got worse. (北京2003)

A. until

B. when

C. before

D. as

[点拨] 句意为:他犯了一个错误,但没等形势恶化,他就扭转了局面。until 直到……为止; when 当……时; as 在……的时候。

[考例] The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time ______ we meet them again. (安徽 2007)

A. after

B. before

C. since

D. when

[点拨] “It will be a long time + before时间状语从句”是特殊句式。后一句意为“要过很久我们才会再见到他们”。

[考例] He was told that it would be at least three more months ______ he could recover and return to work.(江西2007)

A. when

B. before

C. since

D. that

[点拨] 同上。句意为“他被告知,至少再过三个月他才能恢复健康重返工作岗位。”

11. set down 写下, 记下

I have the details set down here in my notes.

我已将详细内容记到了笔记本上。

set forth 阐明,称述

The reason for my decision are set forth.

做出这项决定的理由我已在报告里说明了。

set in 开始(并将延续下去)

The rainy season has set in. 雨季已经开始了。

set up 创建, 建立

The government has set up a committee to inquire into the problem.

政府成立了一个委员会调查这个问题。

12. on purpose (by intention, deliberately) 故意

They have come here on purpose to see you.他们特意来看望你。

She broke the vase on purpose.她故意把花瓶打碎。

13. in order to 为了(做什么事)

He works very hard in order to support his family.

他努力工作是为了养家糊口。

He got up very early in order to catch the first bus.

他起的很早是为了赶上头班车。

14. at dusk 黄昏,傍晚

The street lights go on at dusk. 街灯在黄昏时分亮起来。15. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; ...

[考点] entirely adv. 完全地;彻底地

[考例] She devoted herself ______ to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field. (湖北2007)

A. strongly

B. extremely

C. entirely

D. freely

[点拨] 考查词义辨析。句意为“她完全致力于她的研究工作,这为她在她的领域中赢得了良好的名誉”。

16. It / This is the first / second …time that +主语+have / has done.

It / This was the first / second / third … time that + 主语+ had done.

意为“某人第几次做某事”

I’m not familiar with the town. It is the first time that I have come here. He told me it was the fourth time that he had made the same mistake (犯同样的错误).

17. face to face 面对面地 (在句中作状语)

face-to-face a.面对面的 (作定语)

类似的还有heart to heart 坦诚地

shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地

back to back 背对背地

She stood face to face (面对面地) with him.

We had a face-to-face talk (面对面的交谈).

That night they talked heart to heart (坦诚地) with each other.

I. 根据括号内所给的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。

1.大约过了半个小时,他才平静下来。(calm down)

2. 你可能不喜欢他,但你不得不相信他是很聪明的。(have got to)

3. 昨晚他直到11点才上床睡觉。(not...until...)

4. 当在街上散步时,他碰见了他的老朋友汤姆。(while doing...)

II.每空填一词,使该句与所给句子的意思相同。

1. It’s mad of you to go there alone in such bad weather. you to go there alone in such bad weather.

2. They hurried on because it was getting dark. because it was getting dark they hurried on.

3. We started early so that we could arrive the re before 8 o’clock.

We started early arrive there before 8 o’clock. 4. I find that it is difficult to learn English well, so I must study harder.

I find difficult to learn English well, so I must study harder. III. 选用方框内词组的正确形式填空。

1. I don’t know why they had to ___________ for such a long time.

2. You make it sound as if I did it ___________!

3. I think it is ___________ a secret. It is being talked everywhere in the town.

4. Why dare you not speak to Harry ______________?

5. You needn’t __________ everything that the teacher says in class.

6. ____________ earn enough money, he often works late into the night. IV. 用适当的介词填空。 1. Do you know the reason ______ his coming late to class? 2. Make a list ______ all the things you need to do. 3. Don’t you believe that he has gone ________ the war? 4. Recently a series ______ traffic accidents have happened in the street. 答案:I.1.After about half an hour, he calmed down. 2.You may not like him, but you have got to believe that he is very clever.

3. He didn’t go to bed until 11 o’clock last night.

4. While walking in the street, he met his old friend Tom.

II.1.

It’s crazy of 2. It was that 3. in order to / so as to 4. it

III.1. hide away 2. on purpose 3. no longer 4. face to face 5.

set down

6.

In order to

IV. 1.for 2. of 3. through 4.

of Grammar Direct speech & indirect speech

直接引语和间接引语 引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一是原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号内,这叫直接引语(Direct speech);一是用自己的话加以转述, 这叫间接引语(Indirect

speech).

on purpose; no longer; hide away; set down; in order to; face to face

般过去时

现在完成时

“I have seen her

before,” said he.

过去完成时

He said he had seen her

before.

现在完成进行时

He said, “I have been

doing it for hours.”

过去完成进行时

He said he had been doing

it for hours.

一般过去时

“I saw her last

Monday,” he said.

过去完成时

He said he had seen her

the previous Monday.

过去进行时

“I was waiting for

Jim,” she said.

过去完成进行时

She said she had been

waiting for Jim.

过去完成时

“ Do you know Rick had

been ill in bed for many

days till he died?” Jack

asked.

过去完成时

Jack asked if I knew Rick

had been ill in bed for

many days till he died.

一般将来时

He said: “We shall start

tomorrow.”

过去将来时

He said they would start

the next day.

一般现在时一般过去时

现在完成时过去完成时

现在进行时过去进行时

一般将来时过去将来时

一般过去时过去完成时

过去完成时过去完成时

由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:

1. 不变的真理

The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.”

→ The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0℃.

2. 经常的习惯: He sa id to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.”

→ He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.

3. 历史事件:

The teacher said, “World War Ⅱended in 1945.”

→ The teacher said that World War Ⅱ ended in 1945.

4. 部分情态动词,如must, ought to, used to, had better等:

She said to me: “You must hurry up.”

→ She said that I must hurry up.

直接引语间接引语

this

these

now

ago

today

tomorrow

the day after tomorrow

yesterday

last night

the day before yesterday

go

bring

here

that/this

those/these

then

before

that day/today/yesterday

(the) next day

in two days’ time

the day before

the night before

two days before

come/go

bring/take

there/here

1. “I like reading adventure stories,” said John.

John said that he liked reading adventure stories.

2. “I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friend. Sarah told her friends that she didn’t like computers.

3. “Ann, have you seen my blue notebook?” Peter asked. Peter asked Ann if she had seen his blue notebook.

4. “How can you do that?” Mary said to Ann.

Mary asked Ann how she could do that.

5. “What difference does it make?” Peter asked Jim.

Peter asked Jim what difference it made.

Exercise II

1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.”

Jack told me that ___ worried ___.

A. he looks…today

B. you look…today

C. we looked…that day

D. I looked…that day 2. We said to her, “They’re walking through the street now.”

We told her that ___ through the street ___.

A. we were walking…th en

B. you are walking…now C .they were walking…then D. they walking…now 3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that __ a long way __. A. I had walked…last week B. he had walked…tha t week

C. I walked…last week

D. he has walked…this week 4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that __ take it back ____. A. I shall…tomorrow B. I shall…the next day C. he should…tomorro w D. he would …the next day 5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us ____ afraid to leave _____ house. A. that were we…this B. that we were…that C. if were we …this D. if we were…that 6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?”

Jane asked ____ about _____.

A. that he heard…a week ago

B. what he had heard…the week before

C. what he had herd… a week ago

D. if he heard…the week ago

7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?”

She asked whose house ____ break into _____.

A. will he…next time

B. would he…the next time

C. he would…the next time

D. he will…next time

8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where ____ holidays.

A. she spent her

B. you spend your

C. she spend her

D. you spent your 9. Black asked me, “ Why haven’t you left here yet?”

Black asked me why ____ yet.

A. I hadn’t left there

B. I haven’t left here

C. hadn’t I left there

D. haven’t I left here 10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east ?” The teacher asked her ___ the sun ___ in the east.

A. if…rise

B. if…rises

C. whether…rose

D. whether did …rise

把下列句子变为直接引语或间接引语。 1.“I don’t want to go there with Alice,” said Tom.

2. “Is your father kind to you?” she often asks me.

3. Mother asked me what I was going to be when I grew up.

4. “I have to study hard to make progress,” the girl said to her friend.

5. “When will you go back to work?” Mr. Smith asked.

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