中考英语被动语态考点归纳与例析
【重点讲解】
语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：He wrote the letter. （主动语态）
The letter was written by him. （被动语态）
被动语态的时态变化只变be的形式，be后面的过去分词不变，也就是说被动结构中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。
考点归纳：
1、四种基本时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时）和带情态动词的被动语态用法。
带情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+ be +过去分词”构成。例如：
Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.
2、含双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态的用法。
英语中有一些动词可以接双宾语，如 tell, show, buy, ask, pass, write, do, make, sell, send, sing, give, answer, teach, offer, pay, promise, allow等，变为被动语态时，如果指物的宾语作主语，指人的宾语前要用介词for 或to。例如：
My uncle bought me a new bicycle. →
A new bicycle was bought for me by my uncle.
I was bought a new bicycle by my uncle.
3、含复合宾语的主动语态变被动语态的用法。
若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。此类动词为使役动词和感官动词，如make, let, feel, hear, help, make, observe, see, notice, watch, listen to, look at等。例如：The teacher made me go out of the classroom. →
I was made to go out of the classroom by the teacher.
We saw him play football on the playground. →
He was seen to play football on the playground.
4、不能用于被动语态的情况。
连系动词没有被动语态，但有些连系动词表示的是被动的意思，例如：I like this silk dress and it feels so soft and comfortable. （不可以用is felt）。类似的连系动词还有look, smell, taste, sound, appear 等。
还有一些常见的不及物动词，如occur, happen, fall, go, take place等，也是没有被动语态的，例如：Great changes have happened in our country in the past twenty years. （不可以用have been happened）。
另外，一些习惯说法，如“自行车好骑”、“钢笔好写”、“布料好洗”、“书好卖”、“小刀好切”等等，往往不用被动语态，因为这时ride, write, wash, sell, cut等用作不及物动词。例如：
I like my new bike. It rides very well. （不可以用is ridden）
【习题精炼】
1. Stamps _______ by people for sending letters.
A. use
B. using
C. used
D. are used
2. Many people believe that one day the earth _______ if we don’t know how to protect it.
A. destroys
B. will destroy
C. will be destroyed
D. is destroyed
3. A new bicycle was bought _______ me as a birthday present by my mother.
A. for
B. with
C. to
D. /
4. A neighbor helped to keep our dog. It _______ while we were on holiday.
A. was taken care
B. took care of
C. is taken care of
D. was taken care of
5. Bikes mustn’t _______ everywhere.
A. be put
B. be putted
C. put
D. putting
6. --- Please remember to say “I’m here” when your name _______, will you
--- Yes, sir.
A. has called
B. is calling
C. will call
D. is called
7. --- Did you go to Jim’s birthday party
--- No, I _______.
A. am not invited
B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t invited
D. didn’t invite
8. English _______ in many countries, but Chinese _______ their own language．
A. is spoken, speaks
B. speaks, is spoken
C. is spoken, speak
D. is spoken, is spoken
9. The man who lived alone on that island thought he _______ never _______.
A. will; find
B. would; be found
C. is; found
D.
had; been found
10. Today, too many trees are still _______ in the world.
A. cutting down
B. cut down
C. being cut down
【中考链接】
11. --- Do you still remember the snow storm last winter
--- Sure. _______ people _______ from going home during that time.
A. One hundred, stopped
B. Ten hundreds of, were stopped
C. Hundreds, stopped
D. Hundreds of, were stopped
12. --- This dish tastes _______.
--- Thank you. It _______ by Mr. Smith.
A. good, was cooked
B. well, cooks
C. bad, is cooked
D. terrible, cooked
13. --- Germany will be _______ popular with visitors this year. --- Why
--- Because the 2006 World Cup Soccer _______ there.
A. more; is hold
B. much, is held
C. more, is held
D.
much, is hold
14. --- Henry, you _______ on the phone.
--- Oh, _______. Thank you.
A. are wanted, I come
B. are wanted, I’m coming
C. are being wanted; I come
D. are wanting, I’m coming
15. We are going to have the final exams tomorrow. All the books must
_______ out of the classrooms.
A. are moved
B. be moved
C. be move
D. are move
16. We are glad that the Shenzhen Underground _______ very soon.
A. will complete
B. will be completed
C. has completed
D. has been completed
17. The young man was often seen _______ by the lake．
A. to draw
B. to drawing
C. draw
D. drew
18. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular．It _______ in many schools around the world．
A. teaches
B. is teaching
C. has taught
D. is taught
19. As usual, Meihua _______ at 6:30 this morning by her mother to get ready for school.
A. has woken up
B. woke up
C. wakes up
D. was woken up
20. I’m sorry you can’t go in now. The room _______ yet.
A. hasn’t been cleaned
B. hasn’t cleaned
C. isn’t been cleaned
D. isn’t being cleaned
【答案详解】
1. 答案：D。【解析】本句应该用被动语态表达，因为邮票是被人们用来发
信的。
2. 答案：C。【解析】根据句意可知，从句的主语 the earth是动词destroy
的承受者，所以从句应用被动语态，而且发生时间是将来，故答案选C。
3. 答案：A。【解析】英语中有一些动词可以接双宾语，如 tell, show, buy, ask, pass, write, do, make, sell, send, sing, give, answer, teach, offer, pay, promise, allow, award等，变为被动语态时，如果指物的宾语作主语，
指人的宾语前要根据句子的意思用介词for或to。
4. 答案：D。【解析】在被动语态中短语动词中的介词不能省略，所以排除
A，根据句末while引导的从句的时态判断，要用一般过去时，故选D。
5. 答案：A。【解析】这里考查情态动词的被动语态，其结构为“情态动词 +
be + 过去分词”。Put的过去分词与原形相同，所以排除B，选A。
6. 答案：D。【解析】name与call之间存在动宾关系，名字是被呼叫的，故答案选D。
7. 答案：B。【解析】“没有被邀请”发生在过去，故答案选B。
8. 答案：C。【解析】英语是被讲的，所以用被动态表达，句中的Chinese 表示“中国人”，而不是“汉语”。“中国人讲自己的语言”应用主动语态，故选C。
9. 答案：B。【解析】住在孤岛上的人应该是被人找到，所以用被动语态。主句的谓语是thought，所以从句要用过去将来时态，故选B。若用D，则不符合逻辑。
10. 答案：C。【解析】根据句意这里应用现在进行时的被动语态，即：主语+ is / am / are + being + 过去分词，cut的过去分词形式依然是cut。
11. 答案：D。【解析】词组stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing sth.表示“妨碍/阻止某人做某事”，本句被妨碍的对象作主语，所以要用被动语态，先可排除答案A和C。hundreds / thousands / millions of +复数可数名词，表示模糊的，夸张的数量，短语前面不可用具体数字，故选D。
12. 答案：A。【解析】本题是考查被动语态，从语境来看，应该是菜肴烹制很好，主人感谢对方的赞美之词，先排除C、D答案，taste是感官动词，后接形容词作表语，虽然well有时也可以作形容词，但意思是“（身体）好”，本句不可用，故选A。
13. 答案：C。【解析】“世界杯”被举行，要用被动语态is held，注意held 是hold的过去分词, “德国将更有名”， popular为多音节形容词，其比较级是在原级前加more, 故答案选C。
14. 答案：B。【解析】句中you和want是被动关系，“You are wanted on the phone”的意思是“你在电话里被人叫了”即“有人打电话找你”。像come, go, leave, move, fly等表示位置移动的动词，在口语中多用进行时表示即将发生的动作。所以选B。
15. 答案：B。【解析】情态动词后接“be+过去分词”构成被动语态。故选B。
16. 答案：B。【解析】一般将来时的被动语态形式，即“will + be +过去分词”。故选B。
17. 答案：A。【解析】如果将这个句子改为主语语态，则为：People often
saw the young man draw by the lake. 在主动语态中，感官动词（see, watch, look at, listen to, hear, feel）和使役动词（make, have）后跟不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要去掉。但在被动语态中，to要保留，所以选A。
18. 答案：D。【解析】句中主语It指Chinese（汉语），它和谓语teach（教）的关系是被动关系，因此选D。
19. 答案：D。【解析】“Meihua”是被她妈妈叫醒的，所以要用被动语态，选D。如果句中没有“by her mother”，则B也是正确答案。
20. 答案：A。【解析】由yet一词可知要用现在完成时，而room与clean 之间存在着动宾关系，room是被打扫干净的，要用被动语态，故选A。
2020年初中英语被动语态深度讲解、练习及 答案 the bridge、 The bridge was built by them、 （一）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 1一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught She often watersthe flowers、The flowers are often watered by her’English is spoken by lots of people in the world2一般过去时：was／were＋taught Was/were doneWe visited a form yesterday、A form was visited yesterday by us、the cup was broken by the boy、He was saved at last、My bike was stolen,Some new computers were stolen last night、This book was published in198 1、这本书出版于1981年3一般将来时：will／shall be＋taught Am/ is /are going to be doneShe will plant some trees this week、some trees will be planted this week、our class is going to hold a party this morning、A party is going to be held this evening by our classA new road will be built next year4现在进行时：am／is／are being＋
被动语态 一、主动语态与被动语态的概念： 语态 ---- 说明主语和谓语之间的关系 英语动词的语态有两种：⑴主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者 ⑵被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者(常常没在有必要指出动作的执行 者情况下使用) 例：They speak English. （主动语态） 主谓宾 English is spoken by them. （被动语态） 主语谓语介词短语 注：☆及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态。 例：⑴We listen to the teacher carefully in class. 主谓宾 →The teacher is listened to by us carefully in class. 主语谓语介词短语 ⑵Ｗe laughed at him . →He was laughed at by us. 二、被动语态的结构与应用情况： ㈠基本结构： 肯定句式：be +done (及物动词的过去分词) + 相应的介词或副词 否定句式：be +not +done 疑问句式：be动词（情态动词）放句首 被动语态中的be为助动词，无意义。be可能是am , is , are也可能是was ,were或原形be。 注：☆被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的，be是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，be后面的过去分词不变。 Eg: １、Ｔhe song is liked by young people. (肯定句)
２、Ｔhe song isn’t liked by young people （否定句） ３、Is the song liked by young people （一般疑问句） ４、Who is the song liked by =By whom is the song liked （特殊疑问句） ㈡各种时态的构成（动词以do为例）： 时态动词的被动形式例句 一般现在时am/is /are done He is asked to do this. 一般过去时was/were done The story was told by her mother. 一般将来时will /shall be done The problem will be discussed tomorrow. Is/are going to 过去将来时should/would be done He said the trees would be planted soon. Was/were are going to 现在进行时am/is/are being done The novel is being written. 过去进行时was/were being done At that time the desk was being made. 现在完成时has/have been done The house has been built. 过去完成时had been done They said that their work had been finished. 含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+ done Your homework must be handed in today. 其它几种特殊句型：It is said that ……..It is well known that …….It is reported that…… 例：①History is made by the people. (一般现在时) ②The cars were made in Tianjin in 1995. (一般过去时) ③The tree will be cut down next year.(一般将来时) ④The room must be kept clean. （含有情态动词的被动语态） ⑤The door is being opened. （现在进行时） ⑥The film has been seen by me. （现在完成时） 注：☆不同时态的被动语态的差异主要体现在助动词be的变化上,同时助动词be还要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。 （三）应用情况 行为的执行者不明确或不必说出来。
动词的主动语态和被动语态【用法讲解】考试要求： 中考要求掌握：动词的主动语态和被动语态区别与使用，不同时态的被动语态形式及情态动词的被动语态形式。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态是表示句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者。 如：We often clean the blackboard.（我们是擦黑板的执行者即主动语态）The blackboard is often cleaned by us.（黑板是clean的承受者即被动语态）。 1.被动语态的结构 一般现在时：am / is / are +及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时：was / were +及物动词的过去分词 一般将来时：will / shall be +及物动词的过去分词 现在完成时：have / has been +及物动词的过去分词 现在进行时：am / is / are being +及物动词的过去分词 过去完成时：had been +及物动词的过去分词 如：Youare wantedon the phone.有你的电话。 Chinawas liberatedin 1949. 1949年中国解放。 The problemwill be discussedtomorrow. 明天将对这个问题进行讨论。 Not a book in the libraryhas been taken away. 图书馆里没有一本书被人拿走。 My bikeis being repaired.我的自行车正在修理。
The bookhad been borrowedwhen I got to the library.我到了图书馆时,那本书已经借出去了。 2.主动语态与被动语态的转换 （1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词），根据被动语态句子里主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。 （3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。 如：All the people laughed at him. →He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. →The bikes are made by them in the factory. He cut down a tree. →A tree was cut down by him. 3.含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 We can repair this watch in two days. →This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. →It should be done at once. 4.含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 主动语态:主语+谓语动词+间接、直接宾语+其他
中考英语考点归纳（全） ［短语、词组归纳］ 由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理： 一、动词+介词 1. ............................................................................ look at… 看…，look like… 看上去像,look after…照料… 2. listen to …听 ... 3. welcome to…欢迎到.... 4. say hello to …向.... 问好 5. speak to…对... 说话 此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。 二、动词+副词 动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类： A. 动词（vt.）+副词 1. put on 穿上 2. take off 脱下 3. write down 记下 此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前 面。 B. 动词（vi）+副词。 1. come on 赶快 2. get up 起床 3. go home 回家 4. come in 进来 5. sit down 坐下6 . stand up 起立 此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。 三、其它类动词词组 1. close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4. be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopp ing 9.watch TV/games 10. play games ［介词短语聚焦］ 介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将初中常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。 1. ................................................................................................. in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着.................................................. 。 2. .................................................................................... in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade 等，表示在排/队/班级/年级"等。 3. in the morning/afternoon/ evening/ 表示在上午/下午/傍晚"等一段时间。 4. in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里” 5. in the tree表示在树上（非树本身所有）” on the tree表示在树上（为树本身所有）” 6. in the wall表示在墙上（凹陷进去）” on the wall表示在墙上（指墙的表面）” 7. at work （在工作）/at school （上学）/at home （在家）应注意此类短语中无the。 & at +时刻表示钟点。 9. like this/that表示方式，意为像...... 这/那样” 10. of短语表示所属关系。 11. behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。
一、选择题 1．The weatherman says a heavy rain _______ next week. A．expects B．was expected C．will expect D．will be expected 2．This special pen _________ for writing large size words. A．use B．uses C．is using D．is uesd 3．A new zoo in our town center next month. I think it will be a good place for the teenagers to see the animals. A．build B．will build C．will be built 4．—Zheng Yuan, why did you go on a vacation to Weifang? — You know I'm a fan of kites. The international kite festival _____there in April every year. A．is held B．was held C．will be held 5．Fenghua teaching building _______ 17 years ago. A．built B．is built C．builds D．was built 6．—The classroom is very tidy. —Yes . it every day. A．cleaned B．cleans C．is cleaned 7．—Where did you go last night? —I to go to Li Lei’s birthday party. A．asked B．am asked C．have been asked D．was asked 8．The 24th Winter Olympic Games __________ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022. A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．holds 9．My book ___________ here in two days through the EMS. A．are sent B．is sent C．will be sent D．will send 10．When the new subway__________, it will take me less time to go to school every day. A．will finish B．is finished C．finished D．will be finished 11．—When can we go to watch the football match? —Not until the work________tomorrow. A．will be done B．has done C．is done D．does 12．Two ____ students ____ to the opening ceremony last Friday. A．hundreds; were invited B．hundred; were invited C．hundreds of ; invited D．hundred of; invited 13．Too much water________ every day in the world. We should save it. A．wasted B．are wasted C．is wasted D．was wasted 14．Many shops in China _________ to shut down as a new law against ivory (象牙) trade came into effect on January 1st, 2018. A．ordered B．didn't order C．were ordered D．weren't ordered 15．Which of the following is right? A．He is used to live there.
语法专练---被动语态 一、语态概述 我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式 的变化表现出来的。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many p eople speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。 不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的 构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了） 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people. They make t he bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made b y them in the factory.
［短语.词组归纳］ 由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理： 一、动词+介词 1.look at…看…,look like… 看上去像....... > look after…照料… 2.listen 斤....... 3.welcome to…欢迎到... 4.say hello to …向.... 问好 5.speak to…对... 说话 此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是劣词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。 二、动词+副词 “动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类： A.动词（vt?）+副词 1.put on 穿上 2. take off 脱卜 3. write down 记卜 此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可：宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前 而。 B.动词（vi）+副词。 1? come on赶快2. get up起床3. go home回家 4?come in 进来5?sit down 坐卜6?stand up j起立 此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。 三、貝它类动词词组 the door the same to work/class ill a look/seat supper young shopping TV/games 10.play games ［介词短语廉焦］ “介词+爼词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。 1.in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。 2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等,表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。 3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/表示"在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。 4.in the desk/ penci 1-box/bedroom等表示"在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。 5.in the tree表示"在树上（非树本身所有）":on the tree表示"在树上（为树本身所有）"。 6.in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）” ：on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。 7.at work （在工作）/at school （上学）/at home （在家）应注意此类短语中无thr 8.at +时刻表示钟点。 9.like this/that表示方式，意为“像……这/那样”。 10.of短语表示所属关系。 11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 需词等，表示方位、处所。 12.from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从……”,后者意为“到……”。 另外,以卜这些短语也必须掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one' s bike 等 ［重点句型大回放］ 1.I think…意为“我认为……”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。英否定式常用I don' t think…， 2.give sth. to sb. / give sb. sth.意为"把..... 给....",动词give之后可接双宾语,可用 这两种句型：若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb. 3.take sb. / sth. to…意为“把……（送）带到……”，后常接地点，也可接人。 4.One-**, the other…/One is???and one is…意为"一个是.. ：另一个是 ... ”,必须是两者中。 5.Let sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不立式，其否定式为Don' t let
【英语】动词被动语态知识点总结 一、动词被动语态 1．— I wonder if we ________ four days off by the end of this month. — I hope so. But if our task ________ finished, we'll have to work overtime. A. will have；won't B. have；won't C. will have；isn't D. have；doesn't 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：—我想知道我们在这个月底是否将会有四天的假期。—我希望如此，但是如果我们的任务没有完成，我们就将会加班。will have将会有；have有，一般现在时；won't是will not的缩写形式，表示将来；isn't是is not的缩写，是一般现在时；doesn't是does not的缩写，是一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。第一个空前if的意思是是否，引导宾语从句，从句中表示将来的事情，故用一般将来时态；第二个空前的if是如果，引导条件状语从句，从句中用一般现在时态代替一般将来时态，主句用一般将来时态，从句中的主语our task和动词finish构成被动语态，故应用be+过去分词形式，选C。【点评】本题是对时态，语态的综合考查。难点在于两个if ，第一个是引导宾语从句，表示将来的动作用将来时态。但第二个是引导状语从句，用一般现在代替一般将来。注意对这些知识点的熟练掌握。 2．----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places. ----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now. A. isn't allowed B. aren't allowed C. doesn't allow 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟，爸爸。在公共场所不允许吸烟。----哦，对不起，我马上停止。“不允许吸烟”，吸烟smoking在句中作主语，用被动语态。动名词短语smoking作主语，谓语用三人称单数.故选A 3．In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey ______ to be smart. A. say B. said C. will be said D. are said 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：在中国文化中，据说猴年出生的孩子很聪明。分析句子结构，主语children与say是被动关系，叙述客观事实，可知用一般现在时的被动语态，由be （am，is are）+过去分词构成，根据主语children，可知系动词用are，因此用are said，故选D。 【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语和谓语之间的主动和被动关系确定句子的语态。 4． -- Lily, will you go to Jenny's birthday party this Saturday?
初中中考英语知识点考点总结 一．修饰比较级时常见的错误 1.more 不可修饰比较级，但 much 可以用来加强比较级，意为 " 的多，更 " He looks more younger than I. (×) He looks much younger than I.( √) 2.比较的对象或范围出现错误。 1）The weather of Beijing is colder than Shanghai. (×) （比较的对象应该是上海的天气，而不是上海） The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai.( √) 2）China is larger than any country in Asia. ( （出现了逻辑上×)的错误 : 中国就是亚洲国家，应当排除在外。） China is larger than any country in Africa.( √)中国比非洲的任何国家都大。 China is larger than any other country in Asia.( √)中国比亚洲的任何（其他的）国 家都大。 特别提示 Than 后面接代词时，一般要用主格，但在口语中也可使用宾格。如果than 后是一个句子，则不可使用宾格。 He works harder than me. He works harder than I do. 二．形容词的比较级 用于两者比较，表示 " 比更 "： "A+系动词 +形容词比较级 +than+ B，e.g. I am two years older than my little sister.
初中被动语态语法讲解 (一)语态分类 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如: Tｈey ｗill ｂuild a neｗｂｒidgｅoｖeｒthe rivｅr. (主动） A nｅw bｒｉdge will be buｉlt over the river.（被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用: 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在ｂｅ的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。不同时态的被动语态,列表如下： 一般现在时:am ／is/ arｅ＋donｅ 一般过去时：ｗａs／wｅrｅ＋ｄonｅ 一般将来时：ｓhａll/ wｉｌl +ｂe ｄｏne 一般过去将来时:sｈould ／woulｄ+ beｄoｎe 现在进行时:am / iｓ／are+ beinｇ+ done 过去进行时:wａs / were +ｂeiｎｇ+ done 现在完成时:have ／ｈａｓ+been+ ｄｏne 过去完成时：hａd + beｅn + done 将来完成时：sｈall /will+ ｈave bｅeｎ＋done 过去将来完成时:shouｌd / would +ｈａve been +doｎe [注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 （三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)Ｐeople gｒow rice iｎｔｈe south of tｈｅcountry. Rｉce is grown iｎthe ｓouth ｏf tｈe cｏuntｒy. （2)Theｓcｈｏoｌdoesn't alloｗus to entｅr the ｃhｅmistry lab wiｔhout a teaｃher. Wｅarｅｎoｔａllｏwed ｔo enter ｔｈe chemistry laｂwithｏuｔa teacｈer. 2．一般过去时： (1)They agrｅｅd on the ｂuiｌdｉｎg of a nｅw car facｔoryｌasｔmoｎtｈ. Ｔhｅbuildingｏf ａnew car ｆactory ｗaｓagreｅd on last moｎth. (2)Tｈｅstｕdenｔs diｄn't ｆorｇet hiｓｌeｓsoｎs easily． Hｉｓlessoｎs wｅｒeｎｏt easiｌy forｇotｔen 3.一般将来时： (1）Tｈeｙwill sｅｎｄcａrs ａbrｏａd by sea． Caｒｓwｉll ｂｅsenｔａbroａd ｂy sea． （2)Theｙｗillｇｉve plｅnty of jｏｂs ｔｏschｏoｌ-lｅavers． Plentyｏf jobs wｉll be giveｎtｏschoｏl-leavｅrs． 4．过去将来时:
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第一课时名词 一、概述 1、名词的属性：表示人或事物的名称抽象概念的词叫名词。 2、名词分普通名词和专有名词。普通名词是表示某一类人或事物，或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。如：teacher, desks, plates, milk,box等，专有名词表示某一特定的人、事物、地方团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专用的名称。（运用）如：China,Chinese, Saturday, June, Green, Beijing, Olympic等。（专有名词的第一个字母要大写） 二、可数名词与不可数名词 1、可数名词是指表示人或事物，可以用数来计量的名词，有单 复数之分。如：glass-----glasses; book---- books 2、不可数名词是指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。 如：paper, rice, water , milk, tea等。 3、有些名词在特定情况下由不可数变为可数名词。 Light travels faster than sound; (light：光线，不可数) The lights are on. (light：灯，可数) 4、不可数名词的量的表示 不可数名词一般无法用数来计算，前面不能用a或an或数词来
表示数量，它的量往往借助于容器来表示。 如：a glass of milk------ four glasses of milk a piece of paper ------two pieces of paper a bag of rice ------three bags of rice 三、可数名词的复数形式（识记、运用） 1、可数名词在应用时有单复数之分，单数变复数有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 规则变化 情况变化形式例词 一般情况加-s girls; books; 以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加-es classes;boxes; watches;brushes 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词变y为i,加 es city---cities; baby---babies 以f或fe结尾的名词变f,fe为v, 加es knife---knives; leaf---leaves 以O结尾的名词potatoes;tomatoes；photos;kilos; bamboos; radios 2、少数名词有不规则的变化形式 policeman---policemen; man---men; woman---women; tooth---teeth;foot---feet;sheep---sheep; deer---deer;
一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be 随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时 Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2) has /have been done 现在完成时 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时 — A new cinema is being built here． 4) was/were done 一般过去时 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5) had been done 过去完成时 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6) was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I was there. 7) shall/will be done 一般将来时 | Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8) should/would be done 过去将来时 The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） The project will have been completed before July. 10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用） He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式
2020中考英语精华知识点全汇总！ 一．英语语法重点与难点 1、as…as…结构： You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom. 你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。 2、 (1)too…to与so…that sb. can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较： The man was too angry to be able to speak. The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak. (2) too…to…与not enough to句型的转换： He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married. The book is too difficult for me to read.= The book is not easy enough for me to read. 3、形容词原级表示比较级含义：
约翰不象迈克那么笨。 John is not so stupid as Mike. John is less stupid than Mike. John is cleverer than Mike. 4、用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。 John is taller than any other boy in the class. John is the tallest boy in the class. 5、the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”: The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is. The more food you eat, the fatter you are. 6、 more and more….表示“越来……越……”: More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language. Our country is getting stronger and stronger. 二．中考考点—词组
初中英语被动语态讲解 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承 受者。 一、被动语态的构成 英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致， 态的变化。例如：The man was fooled by the two boys.The book has been translated into several languages. 二、被动语态的用法 （ 1）动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。例如： 并有时 Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.The new test book will be used next term. （ 2）当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。例如： This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday. （ 3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。变为 主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或 for。 例如： The pianist gave the pupils( 间接宾语 )some advice(直接宾语 ) →The pupils were given some advice by the pianist. → Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist. (4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch 、hear、feel 等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。 例如： The boss made them work ten hours a day.→They were made to work ten hours a day. A boy saw him enter the house.→ He was seen to enter the house. 三、被动语态的时态 初中英语教材中出现了五种时态的被动语态及带有情态动词的被动语态。 一般现在时构成：助动词be + 动词的过去分词例如： This kind of car is made in shanghai. 一般过去时构成：助动词was/were + 动词的过去分词例如： The bridge was built in 1992. 现在进行时构成： be + being + 动词的过去分词例如： A new bridge is being built in my hometown. 过去进行时构成： was/were + being +动词的过去分词 一般将来时构成： will/be going to do + be + 动词的过去分词例如： These books are going to be posted tomorrow. 过去将来时构成： would/was(were )going to do + be + 动词的过去分词 现在完成时构成：助动词have/has + been + 动词的过去分词例如： Has his work been finished? 过去完成时构成：助动词had + been + 动词的过去分词 带有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 动词的过去分词例如：Can this walkman be repaired here? 主动语态改为被动语态的步骤： ①主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语； ②主动语态句中的动词改为相应的被动语态； ③主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中by 的宾语。 主动语态句中的谓语动词带有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语时，转换方法有两种： ①把间接宾语转化为主语，保留直接宾语 ②把直接宾语转化为主语，保留间接宾语。此时，一般需在间接宾语前加适当的介词（通常是介词在短语 see sb. do sth. 中，动词 see 后跟不带to 的不定式作宾补。改为被动语态时要加上一般是表示知觉的动词如see, hear,watch,find 等，以及使役动词make, let 等。 第三节巩固练习 for 或 to)。 to。用于这一结构的谓语动词 Ⅰ .把下列主动语态改为被动语态: 1、 We often use a recorder in our English class. 2、 They will show a new film next week. 3、 When did they build the house? 4、 I saw the boy enter the room. 5、 Will they show a new film next week?