According to the Direct Method, every language has _______ structure.
A. similar
B. its own
C. co-related
D. the same
The Direct Method _______ the similarities between the first language acquisition and second language learning.
A. is against
B. overemphasizes
C. draws on
D. pays no attention to
Advocates of the Direct Method consider students' mother tongue as _______ system in learning the second language.
A. an interfering
B. a helping
C. an integrating
D. a similar
The relationship between the grammatical forms and their functions is not
a _one- to- one______ correspondence.
Reinforcement which increases the likelihood of a response is known as _positive______ reinforcement.
Why is the first language forbidden in the Direct Method classrooms?
______ can be introduced as a means of consolidation and evaluation in the Direct Method.
A. Reading
B. Listening
C. Speaking
D. Writing
In the Direct Method, the target language is used _exclusively____ in the language classroom as a means of instruction and communication.
Although the teaching of all four language skills is advocated by most Direct Methodologists, _oral_____ communication skills are regarded as basic.
Classroom procedures in the Direct Method can be roughly divided into three phases. What are they?
In the Direct Method only _everyday_______ vocabulary and sentences are taught.
The __direct______ Method advocated the priority of oral skills for the first time in the language teaching field.
The first Berlitz School was established in（）
A. 1778
B. 1828
C. 1878
D. 1928
In the Direct Method,（）communicative skills are regarded as basic.
A. visual
B. non-verbal
C. written
D. oral
The Direct Method was developed in the（）century.
A. late 18th
B. early19th
C. late 19th
D. early 20th
New teaching points are introduced（）in the Direct Method classrooms.
A. orally
B. in the written form
C. in discourse contexts
D. in socical contexts
A: the main features of the direct method: B: the advantage or
disadvantage
associated with the feature
①The students are encouraged to learn to a. Regarding listening and
speaking as the
basis of
think in the target language. reading and writing is
strategic in
fostering the
four skills.
②The target language is used exclusively b. Thinking in the target
language is
necessary in
in the language classroom. efficient real
communication.
③Grammar is learned inductively. c. Learners lack a necessary
knowledge of the target
language grammar.
④Oral communication skills are regarded d. It is difficult to teach the meaning of abstract
as basic. concepts.
⑤The basic unit in a language is the e. Using full sentences as teaching units make foreign
sentence. language learning more natural and efficient.
What are the most frequently used techniques of consolidating in the Direct Method?
Writing
All of the following principles reflect the influence of structural linguistics and behaviourist psychology in language teaching except that .
A. language is speech, not writing
B. a language is what its native speakers say, not what someone thinks they ought to say
C. languages are different
D. competence comes before performance
According to the advocates of the Direct Method, the verbal expression of an event is
a word, but a .
Towards the end of the 19th century, the language teaching innovation turned into the
reform Movement.
Grammar is learned inductively by listening and speaking activities in the Direct Method, that is, by encouraging learners to induce rules by active use of language
According to the psychological principles of the German scholar F. Franke, a direct association between forms and meaning in the target language should be established.
What language skills are emphasized by the Direct Method? Why?
Do you think the Direct Method can be used in the second language classrooms today? Why or why not?
Direct association of language with objects and persons of the immediate environment is emphasized in the _____________________.
The Direct Method was developed in the 19th century as a reaction against _grammer-traslation method____.
A. the Oral Approach
B. the Natural Method
C. the Grammar-Translation Method
D. the Audiolingual
Method
Students’ mistakes are ________ corrected in the classrooms of the Direct Method.（）A．never
B．immediately
C．seldom
D．carelessly
In the Direct Method ______ are used as teaching units.（）
A．words
B．phrases
C．sentences
D．discourses
One of the important ways of correcting language mistakes in the Direct Method is _______.（）
A．discussion
B．explanation
C．demonstration
D．self-correction
In the Direct Method, direct means takes the place of _________ of the Grammar-Translation Method.
The target language is used ___exclusively __________ in the Direct Method classroom as a means of instruction and communication.
In the Direct Method, the most frequently used techniques of consolidating what has been presented and practiced are ______________, purposeful tasks and graded composition.
In the Direct Method, ______ is learned inductively through listening and speaking activities.
A. grammar
B. vocabulary
C. writing
D. sentence
When was the Direct Method developed as a reaction against the Grammar-Translation Method?
A. In the late 19th century.
B. In the early 20th century.
C. In the mid-19th century.
D. In the early 19th century.
F. Gouin’s linguistic and psychological theories based on his observations of children’s use of language were directly applied to the practice of the _direct_____ Method.
The reason for the exclusive use of the foreign language in the Direct Method is to enable the students to think in the target language, so that they can use it to express themselves __directly____ without referring to their mother tongue.
What is the learning theory of the Direct Method as summarized by Comenius?
The Direct Method emerged as a result of _______ in the 19th century.
A. classroom instruction
B. mass production
C. communicative needs
D. language teaching innovations
Which of the following is forbidden in a Direct Method classroom?
A. Using gestures.
B. Sketch drawing.
C. First language.
D. Writing.
The Direct Method believes in the natural process of language learning and in the __inductively_______ teaching of grammar.
F. Gouin developed an approach to teaching a foreign language on the basis of his observations of child first language learning. In his method new language items were organized and presented in “series” which included sequences of sentences related to __action______ in an event.
What are the teaching techniques used in the Direct Method?
According to Gouin, ______ expression is intimately linked with thought about real events.
A. linguistic
B. verbal
C. facial
D. natural
What can be introduced as a means of consolidation and evaluation in the Direct Method?
A. Fill-in-the-blank.
B. Dictation.
C. Writing.
D. Reading.
The Direct Method got its name from the assumption that _association_____ are to be connected directly with the target language, without going through the process of translating into the student’s native language.
Although the teaching of all four language skills is advocated by most Direct Methodologists, __oral____ communication skills are regarded as basic.
In the Direct Method, the most frequently used techniques of consolidating what has been presented and practiced are
_dictation_____, purposeful tasks and graded composition.
What advantages can be found in the Direct Method?
_____ ideas on education justified the views on language teaching with the Direct Method.
A. Hermann Paul’s
B. J.A. Comenius’
C. F. Gouin’s
D. W.M. Wundt’s
The leaning of a foreign language was viewed by the Direct Methodologists as analogous to the language ____, and the learning processes involved were often interpreted in terms of an associationist psychology.
The syllabus used in the Direct Method is arranged semantically according to _situation___ or topics.
What are the objectives of the Direct Method?
Which of the following is forbidden in a Direct Method
classroom?
A. Using gestures.
B. Sketch drawing.
C. First language.
D. Writing.
The syllabus used in the Direct Method is arranged semantically according to _______.
A. situations or topics
B. textbooks or materials
C. ideas or concepts
D. students or learners
direct_____ association of language with objects and persons of the immediate environment is emphasized in the Direct Method.
The Direct Method believes in the natural process of language learning and in the_inductive______ teaching of grammar.
In the Direct Method students are encouraged to learn to __think_____ in the target language.
What are the classroom procedures used in the Direct Method?
Please make a comment on the advantages and disadvantages of the Grammar-Translation Method.
_____ was developed in the late 19th century as a reaction against the Grammar-Translation Method.
A. The Oral Approach
B. The Audiolingual Method
C. The Direct Method
D. The Cognitive Approach
What can be introduced as a means of consolidation and evaluation in the Direct Method?
A. Fill-in-the-blank.
B. Dictation.
C. Writing
D. Reading.
____ ideas on education justified the views on language teaching with the Direct Method.
A. Hermatnn Paul's
B.J.A. Comenius’
The syllabus used in the_direct___ Method is arranged semantically according to situations or topics.
Although the teaching of all four language skills is advocated by most Direct Methodologists, _oral____ communication skills are regarded as basic.
What advantages can be found in the Direct Method?
The structural linguists believed that the primary medium of language is ______.
A. written expression
B. sign language
C. oral speech
D. body pose
The neogrammarians, represented by______, formed the main linguistic basis of the Direct Method.
A. W. M. Wundt
B. J.A. Comenius
C. F.Gouin
D. Hermann Paul
In both the Direct Method and the Oral Approach, grammar is taught ______.
A. deductively
B. inductively
C. positively
D. negatively
The Direct Method emerged as a result of ______ in the 19th century.
A. classroom instruction
B. mass production
C. communicative needs
D. language teaching innovations
F.Gouin’s linguistic and psychological theories based on his observations of children’s use of language were directly applied to the practice of the _direct_____ Method.
The Direct Method got its name from the assumption that ______ are to be connected directly with the target language, without going through the
process of translating into the students' native language.
The learning of a foreign language was viewed by the Direct Methodologists as analogous to the language _acquisition_____, and the learning processes involved were often interpreted in terms of an associationist psychology.
What is the learning theory of the Direct Method according to Comenius?
The best-known reformer in the mid-19th century is ______，who developed an approach to teaching a foreign language on the basis of his observations of child first language learning.
A. M. D. Berlitz
B. W. M. Wundt
C. J. A. Comenius
D. F. Gouin
In the Direct Method，teachers encourage learners to ______ rules of grammar through active use of the target language in the classroom.
A. apply
B. analyze
C. induce
D. paraphrase
The Direct Method got its name from the assumption that ______ are to be connected directly with the target language，without going through the process of translating into the students’native language.
The neogrammarians，represented by Hermann Paul，formed the main linguistic basis of the _direct_____ Method.
What is the learning theory of the Direct Method according to J. A. Comenius?
Discuss in your own words the advantages of the Direct Method.
In the Direct Method, teachers encourage learners to _______ rules of grammar through active use of the target language in the classroom.
A. apply
B. analyze
C. induce
D. paraphrase
_________can be introduced as a means of consolidation and evaluation in the Direct Method.
A. Reading
B. Listening
C. Speaking
D. Writing
In the Direct Method, the target language is used _directly________in the language classroom as a means of instruction and communication.
The Direct Method advocates the importance of oral language and believes that language should be learned through direct _association_____ of form and meaning.
The Direct Method believes in the _direct______ process of language learning and in the inductive teaching of grammar.
What advantages can be found in the Direct Method?
自考英语教学法知识点总结
自考英语教学法知识点总结： 中学英语教学指导思想：是对中学英语教学的总体科学认识，包括对教学目的，教学路子的认识以及科学观，学习观，教学观等。 智力因素主要包括：思维力，记忆力，想象力，观察力，注意力等。非智力因素包括：动机，兴趣，情感，意志，性格等。 语言是指语言系统，也就是语音，词汇，语法系统。 言语是指人们使用语言所进行的表示和理解的话语活动，也就是说听，说，读，写活动。 教学路子指的是达到教学目的基本途径或总路线，包括成体系的教学法。 语感是指学习者对语言信息的敏锐感知和理解，是自动化的意识活动。教学基本原则是教学指导思想的组成部分，是指导思想的具体化，条理化，在中学英语教学法科学体系中占有重要的地位。 语法是对语言的一般描述，主要是对其组织原则的理论描述, ______学，句法学，词汇学，语义学。 “双规”化简就是运用语音规则，把大量的表面看起来相当复杂的词的读音和拼写化繁为简，化难为易。 句型也叫句式，是从口语和书面语的无数实际句子中概括出来的句子模型或模式，句型是有代表性的，常见性的。 分析性听：是指在听的活动中有明显的语言分析，另外是指把听的材料分析为各个语言层次，让学生分步听，进行听的基本功训练。 综合性听：是指在听的活动中无明显的语言分析而直接达到对内容的理解，也指在听力基本功训练基础上所进行的整篇成文的听的练习。 话语结构就是说话的套路，说的各句子之间的联系规律。
泛读就是广泛地阅读，大量地阅读，快速地阅读。 默读泛指一切不出声地读，默读既包括不出声地“声读”，也包括直接理解文字地“视读”。 实行纵式阅读：真正的默读一般都是快速阅读，在阅读过程中，人的目光主要表现为上下移动，因而阅读有慢速的横向或横式转变为纵向或纵式。 写的含义：在教学中写有两个方面的含义，一是书写或书法，包括字母，单词，句子，标点符号，国际音标的正确写法；二是写作，即笔头表示，如作文，写信，写日记等。 心理控制法：即惊异，悬念，满足。 密度：指单位时间所授教学内容。 广度：这包括两个方面，一是学生的活动面要广，二是教学内容所涉及的面要广。 深度：就是课堂教学内容要有一定的难度。 灵活度：指在练习中学生所表现的理解的多层次程度和表示的多样化程度。 独立度：指教师指导的程度和学生独立的程度。 测试：主要是用来了解，检查和鉴定学习者掌握英语的实际水平的一种手段。 资质倾向测试：是指对学习者的天赋的测定，目的在于了解被测者今后学习外语时是否具有些较强的潜在的学习能力。 诊断测试：目的在于了解被测者在外语学习上的困难或缺陷或发现讲授上的薄弱环节，以便采取相应的补救措施。 综合性测试：目的在于测定被测者的语言知识和言语技能综合运用的能
全国2005年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 外语教学法试卷 （课程代码 0833） 本试卷共6页，满分1 00分；考试时间1 50分钟。 Write all your answers on answer sheet! Ⅰ． Multiple Choice: (15%) Directions: In this section, you are given 15 questions beneath each of which are four choices marked A,B, C, and D．You are to make the best choice either to complete the incomplete statement or to answerthe question．One point is given to each correct choice． 1．Which of the following is NOT emphasized by traditional linguists? A．Correctness．B．The purity of a language． C．Literary excellence．D．Communication． 2．_______ the first language is used in the teaching of the second language in the Grammar-Translation Method． A．A lot of B．A little of C．Little of D．Not any 3．According to the Direct Method, every language has _______ structure． A．similar B．its own C．co-related D．the same 4．The Direct Method _______ the similarities between the first language acquisition and second language learning． A．is against B．overemphasizes C．draws on D．pays no attention to 5．Advocates of the Direct Method consider students’ mother tongue as _______ system in learning the second language． A．an interfering B．a helping C．an integrating D．a similar 6．In order to find ways of associating the new materials with ideas or objects with which the pupils are familiar, D．Ausubel would prefer _______． A．straightforward explanation and exposition B．pupil-generated discovery methods C．rote learning D．inductive and deductive inference 7．Of the three procedures followed in a cognitive classroom, which can be viewed as the performance stage? A．Exercises．B．Application activities． C．Introduction of new materials．D．None of the above． 8．Chomsky and others claimed that every normal human being was born with a(n) _______．A．ADL B．LDA C．LAD D．ALD 9．The authors of the book The Natural Approach: Language Acquisition in the Classroom are _______． A．Chomsky and Terrell B．Krashen and Halliday C．Krashen and Terrell D．Chomsky and Krashen
第一章 1-What are the function and result of the two controversies in ancient Greece? 古希腊两个著名论争的功能和结果? One controversy was between the naturalists and the conventionalists. The naturalists argued that the form of words reflected the nature of objects. The conventionalists thought that language was conventional and there was no logic connection between form and meaning of words. The other controversy was between the analogiata and the anomalists on the regularities of language. The analogists claimed language was regular and there were rules for people to follow. The anomalists maintained there were no rules . Their debate roused people’s interest in language and led them to the detailed study of Greek. The direct result was the appearance of a book of Greek grammar. 2 What are the main features of traditional linguistics? 传统语言学的主要特征 Traditional Linguistics was practical in nature. People made a study of language in order to read classic works. Traditional linguists believed that the written form of language was superior to spoken form. They tried to set up principles and standards for people to use language correctly. 3-What are the contributions made by Franz Boas, Edward Sapir and Leonard Bloomfield to the development of American structuralism? Franz Boas, Edward Sapir and Leonard Bloomfield对美国结构主义发展的贡献
《外语教学法》第三章练习 1. According to the Direct Method, every language has _______ structure. A. similar B. its own C. co-related D. the same 2. The Direct Method _______ the similarities between the first language acquisition and second language learning. A. is against B. overemphasizes C. draws on D. pays no attention to 3. Advocates of the Direct Method consider students' mother tongue as _______ system in learning the second language. A. an interfering B. a helping C. an integrating D. a similar 4. ______ can be introduced as a means of consolidation and evaluation in the Direct Method. A. Reading B. Listening C. Speaking D. Writing 5. The first Berlitz School was established in（） A. 1778 B. 1828 C. 1878 D. 1928 6. In the Direct Method,（）communicative skills are regarded as basic. A. visual B. non-verbal C. written D. oral 7. The Direct Method was developed in the（）century. A. late 18th B. early19th C. late 19th D. early 20th 8. New teaching points are introduced（）in the Direct Method classrooms. A. orally B. in the written form C. in discourse contexts D. in socical contexts 9. All of the following principles reflect the influence of structural linguistics and behaviourist psychology in language teaching except that . A. language is speech, not writing
认知 Discuss in your own words the four principles of cognitivism formulated by Diller. The Cognitive Approach holds that learning a language is a process of acquiring _mental_________control of the phonological, grammatical and lexical patterns of a second language, largely through study and analysis of these patterns as a body of knowledge. What is language in Chomsky’s opinion? Both the generative transformational and cognitive theories have recognized a ______ as an orderly system of rules which a learner can consciously acquire by study methods. What is the attitude of the Cognitive Approach towards mistakes in the language learning process? What are the focuses of classroom teaching in the Cognitive Approach? The Cognitive Approach insists that learning should be _______.
What are the main features of the Communicative Approach? Halliday described seven basic functions that language performs. Please write out any five of them. What are the roles of the learner in the communicative approach What are the roles of the teacher in the Communicative Approach What theories of language are used by the Communicative Approach as its theoretical basis? What are the objectives of the Communicative Approach What are the integrating language skills often used in the Communicative Approach? What language ability does Hyme' s“ communicativecompetence ”refer to? Describe the five principles to characterize the Communicative Approach according to David Nunan. Cite one example to illustrate one of these principles What are the distinguishing features of the Notio nal-Fu nctio nal Syllabus? What are the four dime nsions in terms of Ian guage compete nee en tailed in the Communi cative Approach accord ing to Can ale and Swa in?
外语教学法自考题模拟 Ⅰ.Multipe Choice 1、In 1957, Noam Chomsky's book Syntactic Structures was published which started the ______. A. American structuralism B. transformational generative linguistics C. functional linguistics D. cognitive psychology 2、Which one of the following activities is included in the acquisition activities in the Natural Approach? A. Affective-humanistic activities. B. Communicative activities. C. Skill-getting activities. D. Social activities. 3、According to M.A.K. Halliday, which of the following should NOT be taken into consideration in terms of linguistic events? A. Form. B. Context. C. Substance. D. Culture. 4、According to the records available, human beings have been engaged in the study of language for ______centuries. A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25 5、Krashen identifies three kinds of affective variables related to second language acquisition: ______. A. motivation, self-confidence and anxiety B. comprehension, acquisition and anxiety C. input, competence and self-confidence D. situation, motivation and self-confidence 6、The Grammar-Translation Method was at one time called ______ since it was first used in the teaching of the classical languages of Latin and Greek. A. aural-oral method B. minimum method C. Audiolingual Method D. Classical Method 7、It became a key feature of the Oral Approach in the 1960s that ______. A. new language points are introduced and practised in situations B. accuracy is maintained C. reading and writing are introduced later D. translation should be avoided 8、The discourse theory was established by ______ in the late 1970s and developed from M. A. K. Halliday's theory of first language acquisition. A. E. Hatch B. M.A.K. Halliday C. Stephen Krashen D. Joseph H. Greenberg 9、The generative-transformational school of linguistics emerged through the influence of______. A. Noam Chomsky B. Ｊ. Piaget C. Ｄ. Ausubel D. Ｊ.Ｂ. Bruner 10、Which of the following do Krashen and Terrell NOT emphasize? A. Communication. B. Vocabulary. C. Meaning. D. Grammar.
全国2004年10月高等教育自学考试外语教学法试题 课程代码：00833 Ⅰ. Multiple Choice (15%) Directions: In this section, you are given 15 questions beneath each of which are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are to make the best choice either to complete the incomplete statement or to answer the question. One point is given to each correct choice. 1. The Communicative Approach is essentially a manifestation of the . A.1950’s B.1960’s C.1970’s D.1980’s 2. Georgi Lozano was the founder of . A. The Silent Way B. Suggestopaedia C. The Total Physical Response D. Community Language Learning 3. The functional linguistics develops directly from . A. the transformational generative grammar B. the habit-formation theory C. the American School of Linguistics D. the London School of Linguistics 4. Traditional linguists believe that the written form of language is to the spoken form. A. senior B. junior C. inferior D. superior 5. Who applied the theory of conditioning to the way humans acquire language in a book entitled “Verbal Behavior”? A. Skinner B. Bruner C. Bloomfield D. Piaget 6. Language meaning depends to a large extent on the contexts in which speech acts occurred. A. linguistic
In the Oral Approach, procedures at any level aim to move from _______ to _______ practice of structures. A. freer, controlled B. controlled, freer C. controlled, more controlled D. free, freer The ________ Method advocated the priority of oral skills for the first time in the language teaching field. Compared with the Communicative Approach, the Oral Approach is still not enough to develop learners' communicative competence, why? Which of the following became a key feature of the Oral Approach in the 1960’s? A. Priority of spoken language. B. Classroom instruction in the target language. C. Situational presentation and practice. D. V ocabulary selection. What is the major principle of the Oral Approach?
《外语教学法》第二章练习 I. Multiple choices. 1. One of the disadvantages in the Grammar-Translation Method is that the texts are taken from _____, the language of which doesn't often meet the practical needs of the learners. A. literary works B. newspapers C. tales D. critical reviews 2. The theory of language underlying the Grammar-Translation Method was derived from _____ Linguistics. A. Applied B. Comparative Historical C. Traditional D. Structural 3. Which of the following is NOT emphasized by traditional linguists? A. Correctness. B. The purity of a language. C. Literary excellence. D. Communication. 4. _______ the first language is used in the teaching of the second language in the Grammar-Translation Method. A. A lot of B. A little of C. Little of D. Not any 5. The ultimate goal of learning a foreign language in a Grammar-Translation classroom is to enable the students to ______ its literature. A. translate and write B. read C. read and write D. read and translate 6. Some linguists thought that all languages ______ and were ruled by a common grammar. A. originated from one language B. started as the same language C. came from many different languages D. borrowed words from one another 7. It is believed that grammar analysis and translation began to be the basic procedures in foreign language teaching from _______. A. about 2,500 years ago B. almost 1,000 years ago C. the 16th century D. the beginning of the 20th century 8. In the Grammar-Translation Method, grammar analysis and translation proved to be _______ in studying foreign culture through literary works. A. ineffective means B. unaffective means C. affective means D. effective means
自考英语教学法知识点总结： 中学英语教学指导思想：是对中学英语教学的总体科学认识，包括对教学目的，教学路子的认识以及科学观，学习观，教学观等。 智力因素主要包括：思维力，记忆力，想象力，观察力，注意力等。 非智力因素包括：动机，兴趣，情感，意志，性格等。 语言是指语言系统，也就是语音，词汇，语法系统。 言语是指人们使用语言所进行的表达和理解的话语活动，也就是说听，说，读，写活动。 教学路子指的是达到教学目的基本途径或总路线，包括成体系的教学法。 语感是指学习者对语言信息的敏锐感知和理解，是自动化的意识活动。 教学基本原则是教学指导思想的组成部分，是指导思想的具体化，条理化，在中学英语教学法科学体系中占有重要的地位。 语法是对语言的一般描述，主要是对其组织原则的理论描述, ______学，句法学，词汇学，语义学。 “双规”化简就是运用语音规则，把大量的表面看起来相当复杂的词的读音和拼写化繁为简，化难为易。 句型也叫句式，是从口语和书面语的无数实际句子中概括出来的句子模型或模式，句型是有代表性的，常用性的。 分析性听：是指在听的活动中有明显的语言分析，另外是指把听的材料分析为各个语言层次，让学生分步听，进行听的基本功训练。 综合性听：是指在听的活动中无明显的语言分析而直接达到对内容的理解，也指在听力基本功训练基础上所进行的整篇成文的听的练习。话语结构就是说话的套路，说的各句子之间的联系规律。 泛读就是广泛地阅读，大量地阅读，快速地阅读。 默读泛指一切不出声地读，默读既包括不出声地“声读”，也包括直接理解文字地“视读”。 实行纵式阅读：真正的默读一般都是快速阅读，在阅读过程中，人的目光主要表现为上下移动，因而阅读有慢速的横向或横式转变为纵向或纵式。 写的含义：在教学中写有两个方面的含义，一是书写或书法，包括字母，单词，句子，标点符号，国际音标的正确写法；二是写作，即笔头表达，如作文，写信，写日记等。 心理控制法：即惊异，悬念，满足。 密度：指单位时间所授教学内容。 广度：这包括两个方面，一是学生的活动面要广，二是教学内容所涉及的面要广。 深度：就是课堂教学内容要有一定的难度。 灵活度：指在练习中学生所表现的理解的多层次程度和表达的多样化程度。 独立度：指教师指导的程度和学生独立的程度。 测试：主要是用来了解，检查和鉴定学习者掌握英语的实际水平的一种手段。 资质倾向测试：是指对学习者的天赋的测定，目的在于了解被测者今后学习外语时是否具有些较强的潜在的学习能力。 诊断测试：目的在于了解被测者在外语学习上的困难或缺陷或发现讲授上的薄弱环节，以便采取相应的补救措施。 综合性测试：目的在于测定被测者的语言知识和言语技能综合运用的能力，使教学得以正常的进行，从而提高教学质量。 常模：是指根据同一批被测者在掌握外语方面所获得的平均水平。 能力测试：目的在于了解被测者懂外语的程度，不要求其熟练程度。 效度：只测试的内容及其方式是否符合测试的目的要求。
外语教学法自考模拟试题及答案解析（11） (1/15)Ⅰ.Multipe Choice Directions: In this section, you are given 15 questions beneath each of which are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to make the best choice either to complete the incomplete statement or to answer the question. One point is given to each correct choice. 第1题 American structuralism started at the beginning of the 20th century and was very popular and influential in the 1930s and 1940s throughout the world. The two forerunners were______. A.Bloomfield and Chomsky B.Malinowski and Firth C.Franz Boas and Edward Sapir D.Halliday and Edward Sapir 下一题 (2/15)Ⅰ.Multipe Choice Directions: In this section, you are given 15 questions beneath each of which are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to make the best choice either to complete the incomplete statement or to answer the question. One point is given to each correct choice. 第2题 Chomsky has made the distinction between linguistic competence and______. A.linguistic performance https://www.doczj.com/doc/5012526216.html,municative competence C.reading performance D.universal grammar 上一题下一题 (3/15)Ⅰ.Multipe Choice Directions: In this section, you are given 15 questions beneath each of which are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to make the best choice either to complete the incomplete statement or to answer the question. One point is given to each correct choice. 第3题 The Grammar-Translation Method dominated foreign language teaching______. A.from mid-19th century to mid-20th century B.from 1920s to 1940s C.from the late 18th century to early 19th century D.from 1910s to 1930s 上一题下一题 (4/15)Ⅰ.Multipe Choice Directions: In this section, you are given 15 questions beneath each of which are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to make the best choice either to complete the incomplete statement or to answer the question. One point is given to each correct choice. 第4题 A Direct Method teacher is usually found using techniques such as______. A.direct association and conversation practice B.question and answer exercises C.error correction and dictation
自考外语教学法第二章练习含答案
《外语教学法》第二章练习 I. Multiple choices. 1. One of the disadvantages in the Grammar-Translation Method is that the texts are taken from _____, the language of which doesn't often meet the practical needs of the learners. A. literary works B. newspapers C. tales D. critical reviews 2. The theory of language underlying the Grammar-Translation Method was derived from _____ Linguistics. A. Applied B. Comparative Historical C. Traditional D. Structural 3. Which of the following is NOT emphasized by traditional linguists? A. Correctness. B. The purity of a language. C. Literary excellence. D. Communication. 4. _______ the first language is used in the teaching of the second language in the Grammar-Translation Method.
自考英语二的学习方法 自考英语（二）的学习方法 英语（二）大概是自学考试所有非英语专业的课程中最难通过的一门课程。许多考生连续多次参加考试，成绩都不理想。而且最让人左右为难、欲罢不能的就是每次考试都是50多分。努力学习了半年，结果考试成绩比上次不是相差无几、就是甚至还低几分。这真是让人伤透脑筋。笔者认为要学好英语（二），需处理好以下几个方面的关系问题： 一、应该处理好英语（二）这门课的学习任务与考试要求的关系问题 按照现行的公共英语自学考试大纲的规定，英语（二）的教学目的是让学生能比较熟练地掌握英语基础知识，初步具备阅读一般性的英语专业书刊和资料的能力。具体要求如下： 1.语音：能拼读国际音标和比较流利地朗读课文，语音语调基本准确。在考试中，虽然不考语音题，但具备一定的语音基础知识却是学好英语（二）的基础。实际学习过程中，学生可以不要求发音准确，不要求英国音还是美国音的区别，不要求读或说的流畅动听，但会读会说却是必不可少的。否则，整个学习将是十分艰难的，也是十分枯燥乏味的，学习成绩也必将大打折扣。因此自考学生在语音学习方面应该做到会读单词和课文，并能说出自己的想法（理想的结果和标准类似于中央电视4台的专题采访中那些专家学者的英语：发音不准，但能顺利表达自己的想法）。但笔者不提倡学生在英语（二）的学习中从听录音或者练习口语人手，相反，应该按照教学大纲，从朗读课文入手。将语音放在课文学习中提高。 2.词汇：英语（二）包括英语单词约3800个（其中中学阶段所学词汇1600个），词组约750个，阅读量为50000余词。要求能流利地读出并说出词的语法特征（词类和形态变化），而且要能说出汉语词义，对比较常用的词要能英汉互译，拼写正确并记住固定搭配。此外，还要了解基本的构词规则，记住常用前缀、后缀的意义并能根据他们猜测词性和词义。这个任务说起来并不难，但是由于自考学生工作任务重、家庭责任大、学习时间少等原因，要完成这样的词汇量，几乎是难于上青天。首先，应该认真学习课文，使词汇学习有一个基本的系统性。应该把单词的记忆放在一定的有意义的情景中，尤其是课文中进行记忆可能是英语学习最迅捷、经济、有效的办法。特别是某些难以记忆的单词，如diabetes，anaesthetica，toxicity等词，单独记忆很难，也没有多少意义，因为它们使用率很低，就更应该放在课文的具体语境中理解；要把记忆生词和学习课文结合起来，在课文中记单词，而且要使记单词为学课文服务，而不是相反。离开课文记单词很难记住，记住了也容易忘记，而且还不会用。外面许多单词记忆法几乎都具有这个问题。其次，应该通过做基础语法练习和阅读练习来巩固和加强基本词汇和常用词组的练习。 再次，在单词记忆中运用各种方法（一切单词记忆方法，如词缀联想法、语境联想法、以及市面上各种名目繁多的记忆法，其实质都在于通过各种联想，有些甚至是人为的、“虚假的”联想来增强词汇的系统性，从而达到比较快地记忆单词的目的）。 最后，要在考试题的练习中巩固和提高词汇的应用能力（考题练习不是目的，甚至也不是重要手段，但对于学好这门课既通过考试来说，却是必要的手段）。 3.语法：英语（二）的学习要求学生对英语语法的整个体系（词法和句法）有比较清晰的概念，掌握词形变化规则，了解词和词组在句子中的作用、句子和分句的结构和功能并能在阅读和汉译英中实际运用。其实质在于一个系统性。在自考学生这一点就显得尤其重要。有了系统性，各种零乱的知识点反而会变得简单起来，也容易记忆了。达到这一点的前提条件有三个：一是教师讲得清晰明了。语法知识仅仅靠学生自学是比较困难的，但讲得太多似乎也没有必要，而且学生也难以接受。二是学生的理解要在头脑中形成一个比较完整的概念，这是不言而语的。三是要有相应的配套练习。仅仅靠书本上的练习是不够的，而且难度似乎也和考试有距离，学生接受起来也比较困难。由于英语（二）课文的难度较大，而且考试为学业考试，笔者在教学中直接采用课文中的原句子做语法练习，取得了较好的效果。同时，语法和词汇应该是互相促进的，不可偏废。学习语法应该是为了增强词汇的运用能力，而词汇的学习和记忆又反过来促进着语法的理解和应用。 4.阅读能力：大纲要求学生掌握初步的阅读技能，能读懂与所学教材最后一册课文难易程