Unit 2-A
1.bacillus （复数：bacilli）杆菌，芽孢杆菌，细菌
any rod（杆）-shaped or cylindrical （英[s?'l?ndr?k?l] adj. 圆柱形的，圆筒状的）bacterium of the genus（英['d?i?n?s] n. 类，种；[生物] 属）Bacillus, comprising spore-producing bacteria.
芽孢杆菌属的任何杆状或圆柱形细菌，包括产孢子细菌。
2.clostridia （单数：clostridium）梭状芽孢杆菌
any of several rod-shaped，spore-forming，anaerobic bacteria of the genus clostridium，found in soil and in the intestinal tract of humans and animals.
梭菌属梭状芽孢杆菌中的任何一种杆状孢子形成的厌氧细菌，存在于土壤和人类和动物的肠道中。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4f1175594.html,ctobacillus 乳酸菌，乳杆菌属
any long，slender，rod-shaped，anaerobic bacterium of the genus lactobacillus，that produces large amounts of lactic acid in the fermentation of carbohydrates，especially in milk.
任何长的，细长的，杆状的乳酸杆菌属的厌氧细菌，在碳水化合物的发酵过程中产生大量的乳酸，特别是在牛奶中。
6.Prebiotics 益生元
natural substances in some foods that encourage the growth of healthy bacteria in the gut.
某些食物中的天然物质会促进肠道中健康细菌的生长
Probiotics 益生菌
A usually dairy food or a dietary supplement containing live bacteria that replace or add to the beneficial bacteria normally present in the gastrointestinal tract
一种通常的乳制品或膳食补充剂，其中含有能替代或添加至胃肠道中, 通常存在于胃肠道
Unit 3-A
7.adenosine 腺苷，腺嘌呤核苷
A nucleoside formed by the condensation of adenine and ribose. It is present in all living cells in a combined form，as in ribonucleic acid.
腺嘌呤和核糖缩合形成的核苷。它以组合形式存在于所有活细胞中，如在核糖核酸中。
8. anabolic adj.合成代谢的
A metabolic process in which complex molecules are synthesized from simpler ones with the storages of energy; constructive metabolism.
一种新陈代谢过程，其中复杂的分子由具有存储能量的简单分子合成；建设性的新陈代谢。
9.monomeric 单体的
A compound whose can join together to form a polymer
一种可以连接在一起形成聚合物的化合物
monosaccharide 单糖
simple sugar，such as glucose，that does not hydrolysis（[ha?'dr?l?s?s]）to yield（生产）other sugar
10.neurotransmitter 神经递质
A chemical by which a nerve cell communicates with another nerve cell or with a muscle.
神经细胞与另一个神经细胞或肌肉相通的化学物质。
nucleotidase n.核苷酸酶
an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a nucleotide to a nucleoside and phosphoric acid
一种催化核苷酸水解成核苷和磷酸的酶
Unit 4-A
14.biotransformation 生物转化
The series of chemical changes occurring in a compound，especially a drug as a result of enzymatic or other
activity by a living organism.
化合物中发生的一系列化学变化，特别是由于生物体的酶活性或其他活性导致的药物。
15.pharmacognosy 生药学，药材学
The branch of pharmacology concerned with crude drugs of plant and animals origin.
药学的分支，涉及植物和动物的原料药。
16.pharmacokinetics 药代动力学
The branch of pharmacology that studies the fate of pharmacological substances in the body，as their absorption，distribution，metabolism，and elimination.
药学的一个分支，研究体内药理物质的命运，作为它们的吸收，分布，代谢和消除。
17.pharmacodynamics 药效学
The branch of pharmacology dealing with the course of action，effect and breakdown or drugs within the body.药学的分支，涉及体内的作用，作用和分解或药物的过程。
Unit 6-A
21.bioavailability 生物利用度
The extent to which a drug or other substances is taken up by a specific tissue or organ after administration.
给药后特定组织或器官吸收药物或其他物质的程度。
22.biopharmaceutics 生物药剂学
The study of the relationships between physical and chemical properties，dosage and administration of a drug and its activity in humans animals.
研究药物的物理和化学性质，剂量和给药及其在人类动物中的活性之间的关系
Unit 7-A
23.elution 洗脱
Elution to remove by dissolving，as absorbed material from an adsorbent.
通过溶解从吸附剂中吸收的物质来洗脱
24.hydrolysis 水解作用
Chemical decomposition in which a compound is split into other compounds by reacting with water.
化学分解，其中化合物通过与水反应分裂成其他化合物
25.chromatgraphy 色谱法，层析
A scientific method of finding what separate chemicals are in a substance by passing it through a material such as paper，which different substances will flow through at different speeds.
一种科学的方法，通过使物质通过纸张等不同物质以不同速度流过的物质来查找物质中的单独化学物质。immunoassay n.免疫测定
identification of a substance (especially a protein) by its action as an antigen;
通过物质（尤其是蛋白质）作为抗原的作用进行鉴定；
Unit 7-B
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4f1175594.html,plexometric 络合滴定的
A chemical technique using the formation of a colored complex to indicate the end of a titration.
一种化学技术，使用有色复合物的形成来指示滴定的结束。
27.reactant 反应物
Any substance that undergoes a chemical change in a given reaction.
在给定反应中经历化学变化的任何物质
solubility n.溶解性
the quality or property of being soluble; relative capability of being dissolved
28.titration 滴定
To ascertain the quantity of a given constituent of known strength and measuring the volume necessary to convert the constituent to another form.
确定已知强度的给定成分的数量并测量将成分转换成另一种形式所需的体积
Titrant滴定剂
Standard concentration of reagent solution for titration, we judge the content of the sample to be tested by the amount of titrant
Spectrometry光谱测定法，频谱测定法，能谱测定
An optical device for measuring wavelengths, deviation of refracted rays, and angles between faces of a prism 用于测量波长，折射光线的偏差以及棱镜面之间的角度的光学装置
Spectroscopy光谱法
The science that deals with the use of the spectroscope ['spektr?sk??p] and with spectrum analysis
涉及光谱仪使用和光谱分析的科学
standardize v.标定
to bring to or make of an established standard size, weight, quality, strength, or the like
使或达到既定的标准尺寸，重量，质量，强度等
Unit 8-A
29.pharmacophore 药效团，药效基团，药效结构
The group of atoms in a drug molecule which is responsible for the biologic pharmacological interaction.
药物分子中的原子团，负责生物学药理学相互作用
Unit 8-B
30.antifeedant 拒食素
A chemical agent that causes a pest，as an insect，to stoping eating.
一种化学试剂，可以使害虫作为昆虫停止进食
31.broth 发酵液
A liquid medium containing nutrients suitable for culturing microorganisms.
含有适于培养微生物的营养素的液体培养基
Unit 9-A
34. antigen 抗原（删）
Any substance that can stimulate the production of antibodies and combine specifically with them.
任何可以刺激抗体产生并与之特异性结合的物质。
35.biomarker 生物标记
A distinct biochemical，genetic，or molecular characteristic or substance that is an indicator of a particular biological condition or process.
一种独特的生化，遗传或分子特征或物质，是特定生物条件或过程的指标。
37.cytokine 细胞因子
Any of various proteins，secreted by cells，that carry signals to neighbouring cells. Cytokines include interferon.由细胞分泌的各种蛋白质，其向邻近细胞传递信号。细胞因子包括干扰素
药名常用词首 ace- 乙（酰基） acetyl- 乙酰（基） acet- 醋；醋酸；乙酸 acetamido- 乙酰胺基 acetenyl- 乙炔基 acetoxy- 醋酸基；乙酰氧基 aetio- 初aetiocholanolone本胆烷醇酮allo- 别allocholane 别胆烷allyl- 烯丙（基）；CH2=CH-CH2- amido- 酰胺（基） amino- 氨基 amyl- ①淀粉②戊（基） amylo- 淀粉 andr-、andro-雄 anilino- 苯胺基 anisoyl- 茴香酰；甲氧苯酰 anti- 抗 apo- 阿朴；去水 aryl- 芳（香）基 phen-(=pheno-) 表示“苯基, 苯衍生的”之义(用于元音之前) benzo- [化]表示“与苯有关”之义phene=benzene 苯 aspartyl- 门冬氨酰 auri- 金（基）；（三价）金基 aza- 氮（杂） azido- 叠氮 azo- 偶氮 basi- 、baso- 碱 benxoyl- 苯酰；苯甲酰 benzyl- 苄（基）；苯甲酰 bi- 二；双；重 biphenyl- 联苯基 bis- 双；二 bor-、boro- 硼 bromo- 溴 butenyl- 丁烯基（有1、2、3位三种）butoxyl- 丁氧基 butyl- 丁基 butyryl- 丁酰 cardio- 心 chem(o) 化学 com(n)- 共同的 cyclo-、ciclo- 、cycl- 、cyclo- 环 Co- 共同 calc-、calci-、calco-钙 cephalo- 头孢（头孢菌素族抗生素词首） chlor- 、chloro-①氯②绿 clo- 氯 cis- 顺 crypto- 隐cryptogenetics隐性遗传学 de- 、des-去；脱 dec- 、deca-十；癸 dehydro- 去氢；去水 demethoxy- 去甲氧（基） demethyl-、desmethyl- 去甲（基）deoxy- 、desoxy- 去氧 dex-、dextro- 右旋 di- 二 diamino- 二氨基 diazo- 重氮 dihydro- 二氢；双氢 endo- 内部 epi- 表；差向 epoxy- 环氧 erythro- 红；赤 estr- 雌estrane 雌(甾)烷 ethinyl- 乙炔（基） ethoxyl- 乙氧（基） ethyl- 乙基 etio- 初 eu- 优eubacterium [微]真细菌fluor-、fluoro- ①氟②荧光 formyl- 甲酰（基） gen- 产生、源头 gly(u)- 、glyco 糖 guanyl- 脒基 hexa- 六；己 hepta- 七；庚 homo- 同类的 hydro- 氢的，水的 hyper 高 hypo 低 hetero- 杂 hypo- 次
6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Janbon综合症 Janbon's syndrome PPB浓度 parts per billion concentration pphm浓度 parts per hundred million concentration PPH浓度 parts per hundred concentration ppm浓度 parts per million concentration 安全范围 safety range 安全试验法 innocuity test method 安全系统 safety coefficient 安慰剂 placebo 螯合剂 chelating agent 靶细胞 target cell 白蛋白微球制剂 albumin microballoons 百分浓度 percentage concentration 半合成抗生素 semisynthetic antibiotics 半抗原 haptene 半数致死剂量 half lethal dose ; median lethal dose; LD50 半衰期 half-life period; half life time 包衣片 coated tablet 薄膜衣 film-coating 饱和溶液 saturated solution 贝克勒尔 Becquerel 被动免疫 passive immunity 被动转运 passive transport
崩解度 disintegration 崩解剂 disintegrants 必需氨基酸 essential aminoacid 必需脂肪酸 essential fatty acid 变态反应 allergy; allergic reaction 表面活性 surface activity 表面张力 surface tension 丙种射线 gamma rays 补体 complement 补体系统 complement system 不良反应 adverse reaction 不完全抗原 incomplete antigen 搽剂 liniments 长期毒性实验 long term toxicity test 长效制剂 prolonged action preparation 肠肝循环 enterohepatic circulation 肠溶控释片 enteric controlled release tablets 肠溶衣 enteric coating 处方 prescription;recipe 穿透促进剂 penetration enhancers 磁性控释制剂 magnetic controlled release dosage form 磁性药物制剂 magnetic medicinal preparations 大分子 macromolecule 单克隆抗体 monoclonal antibody
DSP 专有名词解释 A Absolute Lister 绝对列表器 ACC 累加器 AD 模拟器件公司Analog Devices ADC 数模转换器 All-pipeline-Branching 全流水分支 ALU 算数逻辑运算单元Arithmetic Logical Unit AMBA 先进微控制器总线结构（ARM处理器的片上总线）Advanced microcontroller bus architectur e ANSI 美国国家标准局 AP 应用处理器Application Processor API 应用程序编程接口Application Programmable interface ARAU 辅助寄存器单元Auxiliary Register Arithmetic Unit ARP 辅助寄存器指针/地址解析协议Address Resolution Protocol Archiver Utility 归档器公用程序 ASIC 专用集成电路Application Specific Integrated Circ uit ASP 音频接口/动态服务器页面
（Active Server Page） ASK 振幅调制 B B0，B1 DARAM B0、B1 块双口随机存储器 BDM 背景调试模式Background Debug Mode Bluetooth 蓝牙 BEGIER 调试中断使能寄存器 BOPS 每秒十亿次操作 BOOT Loader 引导装载程序 C C Compiler C编译器 CALU 中央算术逻辑单元Central Arithmetic Logical Unit CAN 控制器局域网Controller Area Network CCS 代码调试器/代码设计套件Code Composer Studio CDMA 码分多址Code Division Multiple Access Code Size 代码长度 CLKX 发送时钟引脚 CLKR 接收时钟引脚 COFF 通用目标文件格式Common Object File Format Convolution 卷积
Introduction to Physiology Introduction Physiology is the study of the functions of living matter. It is concerned with how an organism performs its varied activities: how it feeds, how it moves, how it adapts to changing circumstances, how it spawns new generations. The subject is vast and embraces the whole of life. The success of physiology in explaining how organisms perform their daily tasks is based on the notion that they are intricate and exquisite machines whose operation is governed by the laws of physics and chemistry. Although some processes are similar across the whole spectrum of biology—the replication of the genetic code for or example—many are specific to particular groups of organisms. For this reason it is necessary to divide the subject into various parts such as bacterial physiology, plant physiology, and animal physiology. To study how an animal works it is first necessary to know how it is built. A full appreciation of the physiology of an organism must therefore be based on a sound knowledge of its anatomy. Experiments can then be carried out to establish how particular parts perform their functions. Although there have been many important physiological investigations on human volunteers, the need for precise control over the experimental conditions has meant that much of our present physiological knowledge has been derived from studies on other animals such as frogs, rabbits, cats, and dogs. When it is clear that a specific physiological process has a common basis in a wide variety of animal species, it is reasonable to assume that the same principles will apply to humans. The knowledge gained from this approach has given us a great insight into human physiology and endowed us with a solid foundation for the effective treatment of many diseases. The building blocks of the body are the cells, which are grouped together to form tissues. The principal types of tissue are epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscular, each with its own characteristics. Many connective tissues have relatively few cells but have an extensive extracellular matrix. In contrast, smooth muscle consists of densely packed layers of muscle cells linked together via specific cell junctions. Organs such as the brain, the heart, the lungs, the intestines, and the liver are formed by the aggregation of different kinds of tissues. The organs are themselves parts of distinct physiological systems. The heart and blood vessels form the cardiovascular system; the lungs, trachea, and bronchi together with the chest wall and diaphragm form the respiratory system; the skeleton and skeletal muscles form the musculoskeletal system; the brain, spinal cord, autonomic nerves and ganglia, and peripheral somatic nerves form the nervous system, and so on. Cells differ widely in form and function but they all have certain 生理学简介 介绍 生理学是研究生物体功能的科学。它研究生物体如何进行各种活动，如何饮食，如何运动，如何适应不断改变的环境，如何繁殖后代。这门学科包罗万象，涵盖了生物体整个生命过程。生理学成功地解释了生物体如何进行日常活动，基于的观点是生物体好比是结构复杂而灵巧的机器，其操作受物理和化学规律控制。 尽管从生物学整个范畴看，生物体某些活动过程是相似的——如基因编码的复制——但许多过程还是某些生物体群组特有的。鉴于此有必要将这门学科分成不同部分研究，如细菌生理学、植物生理学和动物生理学。 要研究一种动物如何活动，首先需要了解它的构成。要充分了解一个生物体的生理学活动就必须掌握全面的解剖学知识。一个生物体的各部分起着什么作用可通过实验观察得知。尽管我们对志愿者进行了许多重要的生理调查，但是实验条件需要精确控制，所以我们当前大多生理知识还是源于对其它动物如青蛙，兔子，猫和狗等的研究。当我们明确大多数动物物种的特定生理过程存在共同之处时，相同的生理原理适用于人类也是合理的。通过这种方法，我们获得了大量的知识，从而让我们对人类生理学有了更深入的了解，为我们有效治疗许多疾病提供了一个坚实的基础。 机体的基本组成物质是细胞，细胞结合在一起形成组织。组织的基本类型有上皮组织，结缔组织，神经组织和肌组织，每类组织都有各自的特征。许多结缔组织中细胞量相对较少，但是有大量的细胞外基质。相比而言，光滑的肌组织由大量密密麻麻的肌细胞通过特定的细胞连接组成。各种器官如脑，心脏，肺，小肠和肝等由不同种类的组织聚集而成。这些器官是不同生理系统的组成部分。心脏和血管组成心血管系统；肺，器官，支气管，胸壁和膈肌组成呼吸系统；骨骼和骨骼肌组成骨骼肌系统；大脑，脊髓，自主神经和神经中枢以及
药学名词（中-英）6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Janbon综合症Janbon's syndrome PPB浓度parts per billion concentration pphm 浓度parts per hundred million concentration PPH浓度parts per hundred concentration ppm 浓度parts per million concentration 安全范围safety range 安全试验法innocuity test method 安全系统safety coefficient 安慰剂placebo 螯合剂chelating agent 靶细胞target cell 白蛋白微球制剂albumin microballoons 百分浓度percentage concentration 半合成抗生素semisynthetic antibiotics 半抗原haptene 半数致死剂量half lethal dose ; median lethal dose; LD50 半衰期half-life period; half life time 包衣片coated tablet 薄膜衣film-coating 饱和溶液saturated solution 贝克勒尔Becquerel 被动免疫passive immunity 被动转运passive transport 崩解度disintegration 崩解剂disintegrants 必需氨基酸essential aminoacid 必需脂肪酸essential fatty acid 变态反应allergy; allergic reaction 表面活性surface activity 表面张力surface tension 丙种射线gamma rays 补体complement 补体系统complement system 不良反应adverse reaction 不完全抗原incomplete antigen 搽剂liniments 长期毒性实验long term toxicity test 长效制剂prolonged action preparation 肠肝循环enterohepatic circulation 肠溶控释片enteric controlled release tablets 肠溶衣enteric coating 处方prescription;recipe 穿透促进剂penetration enhancers 磁性控释制剂magnetic controlled release dosage form 磁性药物制剂magnetic medicinal preparations 大分子macromolecule 单克隆抗体monoclonal antibody 胆碱酯酶cholinesterase 当量equivalent weight 当量定律equivalent law 当量浓度normality 当量溶液normal solution 等张溶液isotonic solution 低聚糖oligosaccharides 低密度脂蛋白low density lipoprotein 滴定titration 滴定曲线titration curve 滴丸剂 pill 递质transmitter 电解electrolyzation 电解质electrolyte 酊剂tincture 定向药物制剂directed pharmaceutical preparations 毒理学toxicology 毒性反应toxic response; toxic reaction 短期致癌实验short term carcinogenic test 对因治疗etiological treatment 对映体antipode 对症治疗symptomatic treatment 多功能酶multifunctional enzyme 多剂量给药multiple dose administration 多糖polyose 多肽polypeptide 儿茶酚胺catecholamine 二重感染superinfection 发酵fermentation 法定处方official formula
《药学英语》课程教学大纲 一、课程教学目的与任务 开设药学英语旨在从培养高级应用型人才的目标出发，结合药学及相关专业学生毕业后的工作实际，力求为他们提供其未来工作岗位所需要的专业英语知识和技能。通过教学，提高学生借助辞典和其他工具书籍，阅读国外文献的能力，并为将来我国执业药师与国际接轨做准备。 二、理论教学的基本要求 学完该课程后，在知识、技能和能力上分别应达到的以下程度： 了解英文药学文献的写作特点和格式，学习如何分析和理解英语长句。英国药典和美国药典的背景知识和使用方法，了解FDA的职责和功能；理解各章节PartA部分课文意思及PartB部分药品说明书中的常见例句；掌握掌握药品说明书必须书写的10个项目及其常用词汇，能够归纳出一些常见的化学基团的英文词缀；能用所学知识书写简单的英语药品说明书。 三、实践教学的基本要求 本课程实践学时全部以课堂对话形式进行，无单独实验项目。 四、教学学时分配
五、教学内容 Unit1 教学目的和要求：通过本章节学习，理解课文意思；掌握药品说明书的作用、项目；能够归纳出一些常见的化学基团的英文词缀。 教学重点：常用专业单词，如Pharmaceutical等的用法。 教学难点：文章翻译；常见的化学基团的英文词缀。 主要内容：PartAForeign Investment in Chinese Pharmaceutical Sector；PartB第1节药品名称；PartCChina—from self-sufficiency to World Leadership。 Unit 2 教学目的和要求：通过本章节学习,使学生理解课文意思；掌握常用专业单词，如supervision等的用法；掌握描述药物性状的常见句型；掌握药物性状的常用表达方式。 教学重点：常见的药物性状。 教学难点：常见描述药物性状的单词或短语。 主要内容：PartAFDA: Policeman or Teacher；PartB第2节药物性状；PartC Data Required for Drug Approval。 Unit 3 教学目的和要求：通过本章节学习,使学生掌握英文药品说明书中描写适应症的常见描短语或句型，常用专业单词，如临床药理(Clinical Pharmacology)、药效(Potency)、毒性(Toxicity)等。 教学重点：英文药品说明书中描写适应症的常见描短语或句型。 教学难点：文章翻译。 主要内容：PartA Pharmacological Tablet；PartB第2节药物性状。 Unit 4 教学目的和要求：通过本章节学习,使学生理解课文意思；掌握英文药品说明书中常见描写适应症、禁忌症的短语或句型。 教学重点：英文药品说明书中常见描写适应症、禁忌症的短语或句型。 教学难点：文章翻译。 主要内容：PartA Chemistry and Matter；PartB第4节适应症、第5节禁忌症。 Unit 5 教学目的和要求：通过本章节学习,使学生掌握英文药品说明书中描写用法用量及不良反应的常见短语或句型。常用专业单词，如常用表示剂量的术语平均剂量（average dose）、常用的剂量单位表示法、每次给药次数的表示方法：每隔…小时（every …hours）、每日三次（three times a day /daily)等。 教学重点：英文药品说明书中描写用法用量及不良反应的常见短语或句型。
Unit 2-A 1.bacillus （复数：bacilli）杆菌，芽孢杆菌，细菌 any rod（杆）-shaped or cylindrical （英[s?'l?ndr?k?l] adj. 圆柱形的，圆筒状的）bacterium of the genus（英['d?i?n?s] n. 类，种；[生物] 属）Bacillus, comprising spore-producing bacteria. 芽孢杆菌属的任何杆状或圆柱形细菌，包括产孢子细菌。 2.clostridia （单数：clostridium）梭状芽孢杆菌 any of several rod-shaped，spore-forming，anaerobic bacteria of the genus clostridium，found in soil and in the intestinal tract of humans and animals. 梭菌属梭状芽孢杆菌中的任何一种杆状孢子形成的厌氧细菌，存在于土壤和人类和动物的肠道中。 https://www.doczj.com/doc/4f1175594.html,ctobacillus 乳酸菌，乳杆菌属 any long，slender，rod-shaped，anaerobic bacterium of the genus lactobacillus，that produces large amounts of lactic acid in the fermentation of carbohydrates，especially in milk. 任何长的，细长的，杆状的乳酸杆菌属的厌氧细菌，在碳水化合物的发酵过程中产生大量的乳酸，特别是在牛奶中。 6.Prebiotics 益生元 natural substances in some foods that encourage the growth of healthy bacteria in the gut. 某些食物中的天然物质会促进肠道中健康细菌的生长 Probiotics 益生菌 A usually dairy food or a dietary supplement containing live bacteria that replace or add to the beneficial bacteria normally present in the gastrointestinal tract 一种通常的乳制品或膳食补充剂，其中含有能替代或添加至胃肠道中, 通常存在于胃肠道 Unit 3-A 7.adenosine 腺苷，腺嘌呤核苷 A nucleoside formed by the condensation of adenine and ribose. It is present in all living cells in a combined form，as in ribonucleic acid. 腺嘌呤和核糖缩合形成的核苷。它以组合形式存在于所有活细胞中，如在核糖核酸中。 8. anabolic adj.合成代谢的 A metabolic process in which complex molecules are synthesized from simpler ones with the storages of energy; constructive metabolism. 一种新陈代谢过程，其中复杂的分子由具有存储能量的简单分子合成；建设性的新陈代谢。 9.monomeric 单体的 A compound whose can join together to form a polymer 一种可以连接在一起形成聚合物的化合物 monosaccharide 单糖 simple sugar，such as glucose，that does not hydrolysis（[ha?'dr?l?s?s]）to yield（生产）other sugar 10.neurotransmitter 神经递质 A chemical by which a nerve cell communicates with another nerve cell or with a muscle. 神经细胞与另一个神经细胞或肌肉相通的化学物质。 nucleotidase n.核苷酸酶 an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a nucleotide to a nucleoside and phosphoric acid 一种催化核苷酸水解成核苷和磷酸的酶 Unit 4-A 14.biotransformation 生物转化 The series of chemical changes occurring in a compound，especially a drug as a result of enzymatic or other
一、翻译（共20分,每题1分）。 1 Nonane 2 Sodium 3 Silver 4 Arginine 5 Histidine 6 Phenol 7 Acetone 8 Sodium chloride 9 Potassium carbonate 10 Chlorine 11 乙烷12 甲醇 13 溴14 汞 15 腺嘌呤16 赖氨酸 17 胞嘧啶18 乙酸乙酯 19 氢氧化钠20 碳酸钾 答案: 1 壬烷 2 钠 3 银 4 精氨酸 5 组氨酸 6 酚 7 酮8 氯化钠 9 碳酸钾10 氯 11 Ethane 12 Methanol 13 Bromine 14 Mercury 15 Adenine 16 Lysine 17 Cytosine 18 Ethyl acetate 19 Sodium hydroxide 20 Potassium carbonate 二、写出下列缩写的英文全称并翻译（共10分,每题2分）。 1 WHO: 2 SFDA: 3 IR: 4 CTO: 5 NMR: 答案: 1 W orld Health Organization 世界卫生组织 试卷（A）共（6）页第（ 1 ）页
2 State Food and Drug Administration 国家食品药品监督管理局 3 Infrared spectroscopy 红外光谱 4 Chief Technology Officer 首席技术官 5 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 核磁共振光谱 三、判断，并用×√表示（共16分,每题2分）。 1 （）There are three phases in the analysis: the fast-screening phase, the identification phase and possible quantification. 2 （）The present trend is mass screening of huge libraries containing several thousand molecules. This was made possible by the association of combinational chemistry with NMR. 3 （）Presently, as NMR, it is applied in a very general manner to synthetic as well as to natural compounds in the search for new lead compound. 4 （）Thus were produced, over millions of years, the earth itself and the chemical elements found on the earth today. 5 （）This is determined mainly by the lipid solubility of the drug, highly polar water-soluble drugs being transferred slowly whereas highly lipidsoluble, non-polar drugs are transferred rapidly across the lipid-rich membranes of cells. 6 （）Higher concentration of surfactants tends to form micelles with the drug and thus decrease the dissolution rate. 7 （）For growth regulators a bioassay is not an essential part of identification. 8 （）GMP is probably the most widespread quality system followed across the pharmaceutical industry as a whole 答案: 1 √ 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 √ 6 ×7 ×8 √ 四、单选题（共14分,每题2分）。 1 Analytical chemistry provides the B and tools needed for insight into our 试卷（A）共（6）页第（ 2 ）页
药学名词（中-英） 6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Janbon综合症Janbon's syndrome PPB浓度parts per billion concentration pphm浓度parts per hundred million concentration PPH浓度parts per hundred concentration ppm浓度parts per million concentration 安全范围safety range 安全试验法innocuity test method 安全系统safety coefficient 安慰剂placebo 螯合剂chelating agent 靶细胞target cell 白蛋白微球制剂albumin microballoons 百分浓度percentage concentration 半合成抗生素semisynthetic antibiotics 半抗原haptene 半数致死剂量half lethal dose ; median lethal dose; LD50 半衰期half-life period; half life time 包衣片coated tablet 薄膜衣film-coating 饱和溶液saturated solution 贝克勒尔Becquerel 被动免疫passive immunity 被动转运passive transport 崩解度disintegration 崩解剂disintegrants 必需氨基酸essential aminoacid
精品文档 精品文档药学英语名词解释整理文学1班庄亚勤 1、Homeostasis The progress of stabilization of the internal environment is called homeostasis and is essential if the cells of the body are to function normally. 2、Super-infection It is an infection following a previous infection, especially when caused by microorganisms that are resistant or have become resistant to the antibiotics used earlier. 3、Adverse reaction Adverse drug reactions are unwanted effects caused by normal therapeutic dose. There are 5 types of adverse drug reactions having been proposed. 4、TI TI refers to therapeutic index. It is a comparison of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes the therapeutic effect to the amount that causes death (in animal studies) or toxicity (in human studies). The higher TI is, the safer the drug can be. 5、Lead compound It is a chemical compound that has pharmacological or biological activity. The lead compound is not intended to be used as a clinical agent. It is the starting point from which a clinically useful compound can be developed. 6、Indications Indication is the disease that a certain drug can be used for. Contraindication Contraindication is the disease that a particular medicine or treatment should not ba used because it is or might be harmful. 7、LD50 The median lethal dose is the dose required to kill the half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration. LD50 figures are frequently used as general indicator of a substance’s acute toxicity. 8、ED50 ED50 refers to effective dose for 50% of people given it. It is commonly used as a measure of reasonable expectance of drug effect, but not necessarily the
药学英语复习资料整理（修正版） Part II I. M ultiple choices（1.5’ x 10 =15’） 医药知识选择题，部分来自于Unit 1 ,4, 6, 7, 8, 14 中Text A的课后的课文内容理解选择题。 Unit 1BACDC DDCCC Unit 4 CCDDB BCCDC Unit 6 ACBDD CDBDC Unit 7 CAABC ADDDB Unit 8 DCDBB DCABC Unit 14 DDBBD CABCC Part V. 2个名词解释， anabolism(P8), The synthesis of large molecules from smaller ones. metabolism(P8), It means all the chemical reactions in all the cells of the body , and includes all material and energy transformations that occur in the body. homeostasis(p8), The state maintenance of a constancy and balance in one’s internal environment. physiology(p8), The study of how living organisms work , the goal is to study the normal functions and their regular patterns of organs or organ systems of living organism . (P59) Pharmacokinetics deals with the absorption , distribution , biotransformation , and excretion of drugs. (P79) Bioavailability：The relative amount of an administered dose of a particular drug which reaches the systemic circulation intact and the rate at which this occurs is known as the bioavailability of that drug. (P93) Qualitative analysis deals with the identification of elements , ions , or compounds present in a sample. (P93) Quantitative analysis deals with the determination of how much of one or more constituents is present . Part V I. Translation Unit One (1)The success of physiology in explaining how organisms perform their daily task is based on the notion that they are intricate and exquisite machines whose operation is governed by the laws of physics and chemistry. 生理学成功解释了生物体如何进行他的日常活动，基于的观点是他们好比是结构复杂而灵活的机器，其操作受物理和化学规律的控制。 (2)Metabolism, excitability, adaptability and reproduction are the basic characteristics of life activity. 新陈代谢、兴奋性、适应性和生殖性是生命活动的基本特征。 (3)If there is an excess of potassium in the extracellular fluid, the cardiac muscle cells become too excitable and may contract at inappropriate times rather than in a coordinated manner. 如果细胞外液的钾含量过多，心肌细胞会变得过度兴奋，并可能出现不规律的收缩。(4)Signal transduction refers to the processes by which intercellular messengers (such as neurotransmitters, hormones and cytokines) which bind to specific receptors on or in the target