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丽水澜庭B区1＃楼施工组织设计摘要：施工组织设计是建筑施工组织的核心和灵魂，是对工程建设项目全过程的构思设想和具体安排，用来指导施工项目全过程各项活动的技术、经济和组织的综合性文件。
本施工组织设计是针对丽水澜庭B区1＃楼工程施工的纲领性文件。
以1#楼为研究对象，深入实践,理论联系实际，查阅相关资料，针对本工程自身特点，制定出专项施工方案和相应的施工组织设计.本施工组织设计阐述了施工过程中常见问题及解决办法,文中所述的施工工艺及技术措施能较好的指导施工，使各分部分项工程质量、进度及成本得到有效控制，能保证各阶段施工有序进行。
关键字：施工组织设计；施工方案；质量；进度；成本The construction organization design for the 1# buildingsat area B of LiShuiLanTingAbstract: Construction organization design is the core and soul of construction organizations，and is the whole process of engineering construction projects and the specific arrangements envisaged in the concept, used to guide the construction of the project activities of the whole process of technical, economic and organizational comprehensive document。
This construction organization design is a guiding document for the 1# building at area B of LiShuiLanTing.Take 1# buildings as a research object,with thorough practice，link theory with practice and access relevant information，according to the characteristics of t he project，make a special construction schemes and the corresponding construction organization design。
施工组织设计摘要摘要：本施工组织设计作为主导施工的依据，编制时对目标工期、工程质量、项目管理机构设置、劳动力组织、施工进度计划控制、机械设备及周转材料配备、主要分部分项工程施工方法、安全保证措施、文明施工及环境保护措施、降低成本措施等诸多因素尽可能充分考虑，突出科学性及可行性。
关键词: 现场施工组织设计construction organization designAbstract：This construction organization design Be predominant the basis of construction, expect to the target work while drawing up, engineering quality, item management organization constitution, labor force organization, construction the progress plan a control, machine equipments and turnover material an equipment, main divide parts of item engineering construction method, safety assurance measure, civilization construction and environmental protection measure, decline low cost measure etc. many factors to consider possibly and well, outstanding science and possibility.Keyword：The spot starts construction The organization designs。
施工组织设计摘要中英施工组织设计摘要摘要：本文旨在提供一份施工组织设计的摘要，该设计将用于某建筑项目的施工过程。
施工组织设计是确保项目按计划顺利进行的关键步骤之一。
本文将详细介绍施工组织设计的目标、范围、内容和关键要素，以及设计过程中需要考虑的因素。
此外，还将讨论施工组织设计的实施步骤和可能的风险，并提供一些建议和解决方案。
1. 目标：施工组织设计的主要目标是确保施工过程的高效性、安全性和质量。
通过合理规划和组织施工活动，可以最大限度地减少资源浪费、避免施工延误和事故发生，提高项目的整体效益。
2. 范围：施工组织设计的范围包括但不限于以下内容：- 施工流程和时间表的制定：确定施工活动的先后顺序和时间要求，以确保施工进度的合理安排。
- 施工资源的调配：包括人力、物资、设备等资源的合理分配和调度，以满足施工需要。
- 施工作业的安全管理：制定安全措施和操作规程，确保施工过程中的安全性。
- 施工质量控制：制定质量标准和检查程序，确保施工质量符合要求。
- 施工现场管理：包括施工现场布置、施工设施设置、施工人员管理等方面的规划和组织。
3. 内容和关键要素：施工组织设计的内容和关键要素包括但不限于以下几个方面：- 施工流程和时间表：明确施工活动的先后顺序、时间要求和关键节点。
- 施工资源调配：合理规划和调度施工所需的人力、物资、设备等资源。
- 安全管理计划：制定安全措施和操作规程，确保施工过程中的安全性。
- 质量控制计划：制定质量标准和检查程序，确保施工质量符合要求。
- 现场管理计划：规划和组织施工现场的布置、设施设置和人员管理。
4. 设计过程和考虑因素：施工组织设计的过程包括以下几个步骤：- 收集项目相关信息：包括项目计划、设计文件、施工合同等。
- 分析项目需求：根据项目需求和要求，确定施工组织设计的目标和范围。
- 制定施工流程和时间表：根据项目需求和施工资源的可用性，制定施工活动的先后顺序和时间要求。
- 调配施工资源：根据施工流程和时间表，合理调配人力、物资、设备等资源。
施工组织设计毕设中英文摘要xx市xx小区7号楼施工组织设计【摘要】施工组织设计是建筑施工组织的核心和灵魂，是对工程建设项目全过程的构思设想和具体安排，用来指导施工项目全过程各项活动的技术、经济和组织的综合性文件。
本施工组织设计是针对xx市xx小区7号楼工程所编写，编制时对工程项目组织机构设置、施工总体部署、施工准备、主要分部分项工程施工方法、工程质量保证措施、安全及文明施工措施、施工现场管理措施等因素尽可能充分考虑，突出科学性及适用性，是确保优质、低耗、安全、文明、高速完成全部施工任务的文件。
根据确保工期、质量及安全、文明工地，节约成本等条件，编制的施工组织设计，根据每个分部分项工程的特点、结构特征、施工难易程度、工期和质量要求，编制切实可行的施工方案。
控制工程成本，确保顺利完成本工程项目的建设。
【关键词】施工组织策划，施工方案，进度计划，资源需求量，施工平面图The Construction Organization Design of the No.7 Building of xx Community in xx [Abstract] The construction organization design is the core and soul of the construction organization. It is a comprehensive document of technology, economy and organization that conceives and arranges the whole process of the construction project and guides the activities of the whole process of the construction project. The construction organization design is a programmatic document for the construction organization Design of theNo.7 Building of xx Community in xx. During the compilation, many factors, such as the organizational setup of the project, the overall construction deployment, construction preparation, the construction methods of major sub-projects and sub-projects, project quality assurance measures, safety and civilized construction measures, and construction site management measures, were fully considered as far as possible, highlighting the scientific nature, applicability and pertinence, which is an important economic and technical document to ensure high quality, low consumption, safety, civilization and high-speed completion of all construction tasks. According to the conditions of ensuring construction period, quality and safety, civilized construction site, saving cost, etc., the targeted construction organization design is compiled, and the feasible construction scheme is compiled according to the characteristics, structural characteristics, construction difficulty, construction period and quality requirements of each sub-project item. To ensure the smooth completion of the construction of this project, control the project cost and create high-quality projects. [Keywords] Construction organization and planning, Construction scheme, Progress plan, Resource demand, Construction plan。
施工组织设计摘要__中英施工组织设计摘要摘要：本文旨在对施工组织设计进行详细的说明和分析。
施工组织设计是建筑工程管理中的重要环节，它涉及到施工过程中的各个方面，包括施工方法、施工进度、人员组织、资源配置等。
本文将从中英两个方面进行阐述，以便更好地满足任务名称描述的内容需求。
一、施工组织设计的概述施工组织设计是指在施工前对工程项目进行全面规划和组织安排的过程。
它是建筑施工过程中的一项重要工作，旨在合理安排施工流程，提高施工效率，确保工程质量和安全。
二、施工组织设计的要素1. 施工方法：施工方法是指在施工过程中采用的技术和工艺。
合理选择施工方法可以提高施工效率，降低成本，保证工程质量。
例如，在高层建筑施工中，采用塔式起重机进行吊装作业可以提高施工效率。
2. 施工进度：施工进度是指工程项目在一定时间内完成的程度。
合理安排施工进度可以保证工程按时完成，避免延误和浪费。
例如，在施工组织设计中，可以制定详细的工期计划，明确每个施工阶段的时间要求。
3. 人员组织：人员组织是指在施工过程中合理调配和管理施工人员。
合理的人员组织可以提高施工效率，确保工程质量和安全。
例如，在施工组织设计中，可以根据施工工序和工作量确定所需人员数量，并制定相应的人员调配计划。
4. 资源配置：资源配置是指在施工过程中合理配置和利用各种资源，包括材料、设备、资金等。
合理的资源配置可以提高施工效率，降低成本。
例如，在施工组织设计中，可以根据工程需求和供应情况制定材料和设备的采购计划。
三、施工组织设计的步骤1. 调研分析：在施工组织设计之前，需要对工程项目进行调研和分析，包括工程地理环境、施工条件、工程规模等方面。
通过调研分析可以为后续的施工组织设计提供依据。
2. 设计方案：在调研分析的基础上，制定施工组织设计的具体方案。
设计方案应包括施工方法、施工进度、人员组织、资源配置等内容。
设计方案应根据实际情况进行合理调整和优化。
3. 方案评审：设计方案完成后，需要进行方案评审。
外文文献翻译(含：英文原文及中文译文)文献出处：Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, 2015, 3(2):281-294.英文原文Importance of construction organization designG BaeckerAbstractDuring the construction process of a construction project, the advantages and disadvantages of the construction organization scheme not only directly affect the quality of the project, but also have an important impact on the duration and the safety of the personnel during the construction process. The construction organization is an important technical and economic document for the project construction and guidance of project construction. Can adjust the contradiction of personnel, machinery, raw materials, environment, process, equq)ment9 civil construction, installation, management, production, etc. in construction. It is necessary to supervise and control the construction organization design so as to ensure the project quality with high quality, low cost, and lessEnergy consumption is conpleted.Key words: Project Management, Construction Organization, Program ImportanceConstruction organization design is the conception and specific arrangement of the entire construction process of the engineering construction project. It is the core and soul of the construction organization management work. Its purpose is to make the project faster, better quality, and more efficient. Make the whole project get relatively optimal results in the construction.1.The reason for the importance of the design of construction organizationThe construction project and its construction have three characteristics: fixed and fluidity, diversity and individuality, large body and long construction period. Therefore, the construction of each construction project must be carried out. This is because: The production of other general industrial products has its own fixed, long-term factory. The construction of the building is fluid, and it is impossible to establish such a factory. It is only when each construction project is constructed that a corresponding, temporary construction site preparation like thenature of the plant is employed・The unique features of construction and the characteristics of construction mobility determine that each construction project must select the appropriate equipment and labor organization. The selection of construction methods, the formulation of construction technology plans, and the organization of workforces and implements are collectively referred to as construction work capacity allocation. The characteristics of the construction cycle have determined that the supply of various labors, equq)ment and many materials and materials technologies will take a long time・ This will result in the construction and design of materials and technologies that are compatible with the overall construction schedule・From this we can see that construction organization design is very important in project management.2.The importance of construction organization designAs a product, building products play an extremely important role in project management throughout the construction process. The construction organization of the engineering construction project has a close relationship with its engineering cost. The basic contents of the construction organization design include:project overview and construction condition analysis, construction plan, construction process, construction schedule plan, and general plan of construction. There are also economic analysis and construction preparation work plans. Among them, the determination of the construction plan and construction process is more important. For examp le, the selection of construction machinery, the selection of horizontal transportation methods, the construction methods of the earthwork, the construction methods of the main structure and the selection of the construction technology all directly affect the project budget. The price changes・ Under the premise of guaranteeing project quality and satisfying the owners use requirements and construction period requirements, optimizing the construction plan and construction process is an important measure and method to control investment and reduce construction project cost2.1The construction organization plan affects the quality of the project to a great extent. Therefore, a reasonable project organization plan is not only the basis for ensuring the successful completion of the project, but also the basis for project safety. The construction organization design is an important part of theconstruction engineering design documents・ It is the main basis for prq)aring the project investment budget and the main reference for the preparation of bidding documents・ Therefore, careful construction of the construction organization will have a very important role in determining the project cost and reducing the investment in the project, which will help control the construction cost.2.2The construction organization plan is an important means for scientific management of construction activities. It has the dual role of strategic deployment and tactical arrangements・ It embodies the requirements for realizing the basic construction plan and design, provides the contents of the construction preparation work in each phase, and coordinates the mutual relations between each construction work area, each construction work type, and each voluntary work in the construction process. The construction organization plan must be able to determine the basic combination of various factors of production based on the characteristics and requirements of the engineering product and the current and possible winning construction conditions. It is impossible to carry out any production without effectively solvingthe problem・・3.Index calculation and analysis of construction organizationdesignAt present, what indicators should be established in the construction organization design are not uniform and the calculation method is not standardized・ As it is a yardstick for evaluating the overall effect of construction organization design and evaluation of implementation status, it is also the basis for examining the level and effect of production, operation and management of the unit (project department) that undertakes construction. We should pay attention to the following suggestions ・3. 1 indicator system. The index system should be set up to reflect the level reached by the construction organization's design goals and provide convenience for evaluation, assessment, and implementation.3. 2 Index calculations・(1) Construction preparation period. From the start of site preparation to the full time of formal project start-up. (2) Unit project duration. The construction period arranged by the unit construction schedule・(3) Labor。
施工组织设计摘要中英Abstract of Construction Organization Design施工组织设计摘要Introduction:引言Construction organization design is a crucial aspect of any construction project. It involves planning and coordinating various activities to ensure the smooth execution of the project. In this article, we will discuss the importance of construction organization design and its key components.施工组织设计是任何建造项目的重要组成部份。
它涉及规划和协调各种活动，以确保项目的顺利执行。
在本文中，我们将讨论施工组织设计的重要性及其关键组成部份。
I. Project Planning:一、项目规划1.1 Pre-construction phase:1.1 前期准备阶段During the pre-construction phase, it is essential to establish clear project objectives and goals. This includes determining the scope of work, setting project timelines, and identifying resource requirements. Proper planning in this phase helps in organizing the construction process effectively.在前期准备阶段，建立清晰的项目目标和目标至关重要。
施工组织设计摘要中英Abstract of Construction Organization Design施工组织设计摘要Introduction:Construction organization design is a crucial aspect of any construction project. It involves planning and coordinating various activities to ensure smooth execution of the project. This article will provide an overview of construction organization design, highlighting its importance and key considerations.I. Importance of Construction Organization Design:1.1 Efficient Resource Allocation:Proper construction organization design helps in efficient allocation of resources, including manpower, materials, and equipment. It ensures that the right resources are available at the right time and in the right quantity, minimizing wastage and delays.1.2 Improved Productivity:A well-designed construction organization enhances productivity by optimizing work processes and reducing bottlenecks. It ensures that tasks are allocated to the most suitable individuals or teams, maximizing their skills and expertise.1.3 Risk Management:Construction organization design plays a crucial role in risk management. By clearly defining responsibilities and establishing effective communication channels, it helps in identifying and addressing potential risks at an early stage, minimizing their impact on the project.II. Key Considerations in Construction Organization Design:2.1 Project Scope and Complexity:The scope and complexity of the construction project significantly influence the organization design. Large-scale projects with multiple phases and specialized tasks require a more complex organizational structure, involving various departments and teams.2.2 Project Schedule and Timeline:The project schedule and timeline determine the sequencing and coordination of activities. Construction organization design should consider critical path analysis and identify dependencies between tasks to ensure timely completion of the project.2.3 Stakeholder Collaboration:Effective collaboration with stakeholders, including clients, contractors, and subcontractors, is crucial for successful construction organization design. It involves establishing clear lines of communication, defining roles and responsibilities, and fostering a collaborative environment.III. Construction Organization Design Strategies:3.1 Functional Organization:In a functional organization design, personnel are grouped based on their specialized skills or functions. This structure allows for efficient resource utilization and expertise development. However, it may lead to communication gaps and lack of coordination between different functional units.3.2 Project-Based Organization:A project-based organization design focuses on forming temporary teams specifically for each project. This structure promotes better coordination and communication among team members, but it may result in duplication of resources and limited knowledge transfer between projects.3.3 Matrix Organization:A matrix organization design combines both functional and project-based structures. It allows for a balance between specialized skills and project-specific requirements. However, it can be complex to manage, requiring strong coordination and communication mechanisms.IV. Implementation Challenges and Solutions:4.1 Resistance to Change:Implementing a new construction organization design may face resistance from employees accustomed to existing structures. Effective change management strategies, such as communication, training, and involvement of key stakeholders, can help overcome resistance and ensure smooth implementation.4.2 Lack of Information Sharing:Construction organization design relies on effective information sharing and communication. Implementing technology solutions, such as project management software and collaborative platforms, can facilitate real-time information exchange and improve decision-making.4.3 Evaluation and Continuous Improvement:Regular evaluation and feedback are essential for successful construction organization design. Implementing performance measurement systems and conducting post-project reviews can identify areas for improvement and drive continuous organizational development.V. Conclusion:In conclusion, construction organization design plays a vital role in the success of construction projects. By efficiently allocating resources, improving productivity, and managing risks, it ensures smooth project execution. Considerations such as project scope, schedule, and stakeholder collaboration, along with the selection of appropriate organizational strategies, are crucial for effective design implementation. Overcomingimplementation challenges and fostering a culture of continuous improvement are key to achieving optimal construction organization design.。
Construction of the Project Management of the imp ortance of organization designAbstract: The construction organization is a construction project and guide the important technical and economic documents. Can regulate the construction workers, machinery, raw mate rials, environment, technology, equipment, construction, installation, management, production a nd other conflicts, to supervise the construction and control of organizational design in order to e nsure scientific and rational project high-quality, low cost, less the completion of energy.Keywords: project management; construction organization; design; importance Constru ction design and project construction is an important document guiding construction, constructio n enterprises are able to high-quality, high speed, low cost, low consumption of completed buildi ng projects to ensure effective measures, but also strengthen the management, the importance o f improving economic efficiency means, is also properly handle the construction workers, machin ery, raw materials, methods, environment and technology and equipment, civil works and installa tion of collaboration, consumption and supply, management and production and other kinds of c ontradictions, scientific and rational, planned and orderly , the equilibrium organization of produc tion and an important guarantee for project construction.With the establishment of socialist market economy, an increasingly competitive construc tion market, the objective situation of construction enterprises have become increasingly deman ding, not only in technology and equipment, personnel quality, the construction put forward high er requirements of the organizers, and engineering economic management Pre-settlement work i n the project is also facing new challenges. Strict construction market situation, some constructio n companies are not actively taken measures, professional and technical staff is not updated, trai ning, science and technology management level is very backward, with the preparation of constr uction design review did not attract enough attention, so there will be the following common situ ations:(1) audit is not compiled before the start of construction organization design: not to pursue the construction of floor plans, materials, cluttered, moving out of import of machinery and eq uipment, unplanned demand for labor, quality, security, construction without assurance measure s, resulting in nest Workers serious waste management lower.(2) whether it is the preparation of construction design professionals: In order to cope with the higher authorities and supervisory agencies, Party member or check the information to the construction workers on behalf of the Code construction design, because the data simply do not know right now who is a leading construction management recent arrangements, had casually made up, just go.(3) the preparation of the low level of construction organization design:Some construction units, construction organizations do not understand the importance of th e construction process, to write about the sub-construction process, draw a floor plan, schedule progress, it regarded construction organization design.(4) to abandon technology economy: a considerable number of construction enterprises in the preparation of construction organization design, construction organization which only concer ned the various sub-project of the technical measures, without considering the sub-project aspec ts of economic indicators, leading to the completion of settlement disputes about economic loss.[Example 1] in a district of Nanning City, the life of a dormitory building to be a form of wa ter renovation project, but because the dormitory was built in the eighties, has been twenty year s, the owners between buildings without authorization of their own debris occupied the public sp ace of normal channels, resulting in too narrow passage between two buildings, traffic problems, so the resulting need for manual handling of construction materials to construction sites, constru ction materials are stated not to enter the venue and request for additional materials secondary t ransportation fee, Party A will not sign recognition, resulting in economic losses. If the constructi on units in the field before the start of the investigation, carefully review the preparation of const ruction design and engineering contract be described in the notes, you can reduce unnecessary tr ouble.[Example 2] of a residential building project excavation, construction site is not large, the c onstruction unit construction with construction design, but no earth survey program, no excavati on of the slope coefficient of discharge, nor the accumulation of pre-construction earthwork calc ulation, the original machine in the pit excavation uppercut on it, because there is no constructio n design survey on the ground, resulting in ruptured a nearby residential building to the water, re sulting in increased costs of grading required to show there is no clear , resulting in a Jixietaiban i ncrease moving away more, but also back when the backfill backfill, resulting in construction ente rprises in the economy by the economic loss in vain.[Example 3] Construction of a residential building products business in the construction pr ocess, when preparing to start construction organization is very simple, even the template sub-pr oject calculations are not, in the basement of the construction of the installation template templa te installation height of 5 m, maximum beam for the 600 × 1200, thickness 250, in the erection o f experience by the workers under their erection, supervision and acceptance can not be accepta nce of the results, but also re-checking, the results support the strength of pole did not meet the template requirements of a full return to work. Rework the economic losses can be imagined.Such as steel is now more fitting to discuss the situation, the tender list or did not say by w elding sleeve, you said in the welding construction organization, it can talk with the sleeve constr uction of a visa; Earthwork and temporary facilities in the Shih group calculated as long as the exc ess of the quota rules set paved the way is part of the claim. The problem is now that this file is is olated, not construction, not cost, because it is not targeted.The above three examples fully show that the construction design in the construction pro cess as well as pre-settlement project plays an important role, not only organized the constructio n of organizational design, guiding production role in the objective economic management has be come a very important can not be ignored component.Construction design is the arrangement of a construction company building a comprehensive technical and economic documentation of construction products. The depth of the content of th eir preparation, can be divided into construction design, construction organization design, constr uction design outline and so on.Meaning: in order to process the entire project implementation macro-control. Complet e the construction of a sub-organization design should include: project overview, construction me thods, quality assurance measures, manpower and machinery plan and guarantee measures, con struction of network diagrams, and bar charts, safety measures, details of resources, energy cons ervation measures, construction period to ensure measures.Implementation of the project in the construction of the session, the price of construction projects through the construction drawings to determine the general preparation of the budget, the determination of the construction contract price, engineering and project final settlement pri ce to determine price and other processes. Construction design of which is the main factor of the project cost, therefore, project cost management, construction design must pay close attention a s an important link in this regard should address the following two aspects of the relations.Fixed construction budget to reflect the actual construction of each sub-part of the constr uction process of each project component of labor, materials, Jixietaiban consumption standards. It is to identify and control the construction and installation cost base; is to design technical and economic comparison, based on technical and economic analysis; is the construction unit based o n the analysis of economic activities; the preparation of bidding price, bidding price of the base; i s the preparation of the fixed budget and estimates based on indicators; is construction drawing b udget, project contracts, project budget and project an important basis for final prices, but the bu dget is fixed under normal construction conditions, the majority of the construction unit to the cu rrent level of machinery and equipment, the reasonable construction period , construction techn ology, labor organizations based on each sub-part of the preparation of the consumption of the p roject. However, construction of the project there are many special cases in which sub-part of theproject construction method is not necessarily the same under a fixed budget, as currently stipul ated in the budget scale, "based on construction design OK" and so on. Such as "consumption of f ixed construction Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region", the earth and stone work on the manual calculation rules. Trenchdigging, earthwork grading time required to "construction design" shall be calculated, "const ruction design" no clearly defined, put the slope coefficient by a fixed proportion of the impleme ntation of the provisions.Construction projects with construction design is closely related to project cost. The basic construction design includes: project overview and analysis of construction conditions, constructi on programs, construction technology, construction schedule, construction general layout. There are economic analysis and construction preparation work plan. Among them, the construction pr ogram and construction process is more important to determine, for example: the choice of const ruction machinery, horizontal transport method of choice, moving the main structure of the cons truction methods and construction methods and construction technology of choice, etc., are a dir ect impact on project budget price changes. In ensuring the quality and meet the owners require ments and schedule requirements of the premise, optimize the construction program and constr uction process is to control the cost of investment projects and reduce the importance of measur es and means.Construction design is not only an important guiding document production and managem ent activities, preparation of construction plans is an important basis for the budget. Therefore, t he construction unit leaders before the start of the unit project to tissue engineering, materials a nd equipment, industrial scale, economic planning, project cost and other personnel to seriously f amiliar with the drawings, in-depth on-site field survey of the technical and economic organizatio nal measures. Project cost in the preparation of construction design is directly related to the econ omic interests of enterprises, because, in the project cost management and implementation of th e provisions of the budget scale, the cost of personnel staff plays the role of business manager in charge; in the bidding and construction contract, the cost commissioned by the enterprise legal p erson can be used as the legal representative of the agent, the exercise of powers conferred by en terprise legal person; in the construction and budget work, supervision plays a role in the econom y. Therefore, the full cost of in-house staff not only understands technology, understand the polic y, but also understands the role of legal expertise and is prepared well construction design and im prove an important aspect of economic efficiency of enterprises, but also works to overcome and avoid an economic dispute settlement reasonable and effective way.Finally, the construction organization of this document is very important, it is the technic al and economic documents. Construction of the project, be sure to supervise the construction and control of organizational design to ensure the project's construction order, to prevent the cons truction design a mere formality. Engineering construction design is the quality, safety, effective measures to guarantee progress.浅谈项目管理中施工组织设计重要性摘要:施工组织是项目建设和指导工程施工的重要技术经济文件。
英文译文与原文学院工程技术学院专业、班级土木工程1011 姓名杜军斌学号 ********** 指导老师刘强职称教授第一篇Civil engineering introduction papersAbstract: the civil engineering is a huge discipline, but the main one is building, building whether in China or abroad, has a long history, long-term development process. The world is changing every day, but the building also along with the progress of science and development. Mechanics findings, material of update, ever more scientific technology into the building. But before a room with a tile to cover the top of the house, now for comfort, different ideas, different scientific, promoted the development of civil engineering, making it more perfect.[key words] : civil engineering; Architecture; Mechanics, Materials.Civil engineering is build various projects collectively. It was meant to be and "military project" corresponding. In English the history of Civil Engineering, mechanical Engineering, electrical Engineering, chemical Engineering belong to to Engineering, because they all have MinYongXing. Later, as the project development of science and technology, mechanical, electrical, chemical has gradually formed independent scientific, to Engineering became Civil Engineering of specialized nouns. So far, in English, to Engineering include water conservancy project, port Engineering, While in our country, water conservancy projects and port projects also become very close and civil engineering relatively independent branch. Civil engineering construction of object, both refers to that built on the ground, underground water engineering facilities, also refers to applied materials equipment and conduct of the investigation, design and construction, maintenance, repair and other professional technology.Civil engineering is a kind of with people's food, clothing, shelter and transportation has close relation of the project. Among them with "live" relationship is directly. Because, to solve the "live" problem must build various types of buildings. To solve the "line, food and clothes" problem both direct side, but also a indirect side. "Line", must build railways, roads, Bridges, "Feed", must be well drilling water, water conservancy, farm irrigation, drainage water supply for the city, that is direct relation. Indirectly relationship is no matter what you do, manufacturing cars, ships, or spinning and weaving, clothing, or even production steel, launch satellites, conducting scientific research activities areinseparable from build various buildings, structures and build all kinds of project facilities.Civil engineering with the progress of human society and development, yet has evolved into large-scale comprehensive discipline, it has out many branch, such as: architectural engineering, the railway engineering, road engineering, bridge engineering, special engineering structure, water and wastewater engineering, port engineering, hydraulic engineering, environment engineering disciplines. [1]Civil engineering as an important basic disciplines, and has its important attributes of: integrated, sociality, practicality, unity. Civil engineering for the development of national economy and the improvement of people's life provides an important material and technical basis, for many industrial invigoration played a role in promoting, engineering construction is the formation of a fixed asset basic production process, therefore, construction and real estate become in many countries and regions, economic powerhouses.Construction project is housing planning, survey, design, construction of the floorboard. Purpose is for human life and production provide places.Houses will be like a man, it's like a man's life planning environment is responsible by the planners, Its layout and artistic processing, corresponding to the body shape looks and temperament, is responsible by the architect, Its structure is like a person's bones and life expectancy, the structural engineer is responsible, Its water, heating ventilation and electrical facilities such as the human organ and the nerve, is by the equipment engineer is responsible for. Also like nature intact shaped like people, in the city I district planning based on build houses, and is the construction unit, reconnaissance unit, design unit of various design engineers and construction units comprehensive coordination and cooperation process.After all, but is structural stress body reaction force and the internal stress and how external force balance. Building to tackle, also must solve the problem is mechanical problems. We have to solve the problem of discipline called architectural mechanics. Architectural mechanics have can be divided into: statics, material mechanics and structural mechanics three mechanical system. Architectural mechanics is discussion and research building structure and component in load and other factors affecting the working condition of, also is the building of intensity, stiffness and stability. In load, bear load and load of structure and component can cause the surrounding objects in their function, and the object itself by the load effect and deformation, and there is the possibility of damage, but the structure itself has certain resistance to deformation and destruction of competence, and the bearing capacity of the structure size is and component of materials, cross section, andthe structural properties of geometry size, working conditions and structure circumstance relevant. While these relationships can be improved by mechanics formula solved through calculation.Building materials in building and has a pivotal role. Building material is with human society productivity and science and technology improves gradually developed. In ancient times, the human lives, the line USES is the rocks andTrees. The 4th century BC, 12 ~ has created a tile and brick, humans are only useful synthetic materials made of housing. The 17th century had cast iron and ShouTie later, until the eighteenth century had Portland cement, just make later reinforced concrete engineering get vigorous development. Now all sorts of high-strength structural materials, new decoration materials and waterproof material development, criterion and 20th century since mid organic polymer materials in civil engineering are closely related to the widely application. In all materials, the most main and most popular is steel, concrete, lumber, masonry. In recent years, by using two kinds of material advantage, will make them together, the combination of structure was developed. Now, architecture, engineering quality fit and unfit quality usually adopted materials quality, performance and using reasonable or not have direct connection, in meet the same technical indicators and quality requirements, under the precondition of choice of different material is different, use method of engineering cost has direct impact.In construction process, building construction is and architectural mechanics, building materials also important links. Construction is to the mind of the designer, intention and idea into realistic process, from the ancient hole JuChao place to now skyscrapers, from rural to urban country road elevated road all need through "construction" means. A construction project, including many jobs such as dredging engineering, deep foundation pit bracing engineering, foundation engineering, reinforced concrete structure engineering, structural lifting project, waterproofing, decorate projects, each type of project has its own rules, all need according to different construction object and construction environment conditions using relevant construction technology, in work-site.whenever while, need and the relevant hydropower and other equipment composition of a whole, each project between reasonable organizing and coordination, better play investment benefit. Civil engineering construction in the benefit, while also issued by the state in strict accordance with the relevant construction technology standard, thus further enhance China's construction level to ensure construction quality, reduce the cost for the project.Any building built on the surface of the earth all strata, building weight eventually to stratum, have to bear. Formation Support building the rocks were referred to as foundation, and the buildings on the ground and underthe upper structure of self-respect and liable to load transfer to the foundation of components or component called foundation. Foundation, and the foundation and the superstructure is a building of three inseparable part. According to the function is different, but in load, under the action of them are related to each other, is the interaction of the whole. Foundation can be divided into natural foundation and artificial foundation, basic according to the buried depth is divided into deep foundation and shallow foundation. , foundation and foundation is the guarantee of the quality of the buildings and normal use close button, where buildings foundation in building under loads of both must maintain overall stability and if the settlement of foundation produce in building scope permitted inside, and foundation itself should have sufficient strength, stiffness and durability, also consider repair methods and the necessary foundation soil retaining retaining water and relevant measures.[3]As people living standard rise ceaselessly, the people to their place of building space has become not only from the number, and put forward higher requirement from quality are put car higher demands that the environment is beautiful, have certain comfort. This needs to decorate a building to be necessary. If architecture major engineering constitutes the skeleton of the building, then after adornment building has become theflesh-and-blood organism, final with rich, perfect appearance in people's in front, the best architecture should fully embody all sorts of adornment material related properties, with existing construction technology, the most effective gimmick, to achieve conception must express effect. Building outfit fix to consider the architectural space use requirement, protect the subject institutions from damage, give a person with beautifulenjoying, satisfy the requirements of fire evacuation, decorative materials and scheme of rationality, construction technology and economic feasibility, etc. Housing construction development and at the same time, like housing construction as affecting people life of roads, Bridges, tunnels has made great progress.In general civil engineering is one of the oldest subjects, it has made great achievements, the future of the civil engineering will occupy in people's life more important position. The environment worsening population increase, people to fight for survival, to strive for a more comfortable living environment, and will pay more attention to civil engineering. In the near future, some major projects extimated to build, insert roller skyscrapers, across the oceanBridges, more convenient traffic would not dream. The development of science and technology, and the earth is deteriorating environment will be prompted civil engineering to aerospace and Marine development, provide mankind broader space of living. In recent years, engineering materials mainly is reinforced concrete, lumber and brick materials, inthe future, the traditional materials will be improved, more suitable for some new building materials market, especially the chemistry materials will promote the construction of towards a higher point. Meanwhile, design method of precision, design work of automation, information and intelligent technology of introducing, will be people have a more comfortable living environment. The word, and the development of the theory and new materials, the emergence of the application of computer, high-tech introduction to wait to will make civil engineering have a new leap.This is a door needs calm and a great deal of patience and attentive professional. Because hundreds of thousands, even hundreds of thousands of lines to building each place structure clearly reflected. Without a gentle state of mind, do what thing just floating on the surface, to any a building structure, to be engaged in business and could not have had a clear, accurate and profound understanding of, the nature is no good. In this business, probably not burn the midnight oil of courage, not to reach the goal of spirit not to give up, will only be companies eliminated. This is a responsible and caring industry. Should have a single responsible heart - I one's life in my hand, thousands of life in my hand. Since the civil, should choose dependably shoulder the responsibility. Finally, this is a constant pursuit of perfect industry. Pyramid, spectacular now: The Great Wall, the majestic... But if no generations of the pursuit of today, we may also use the sort of the oldest way to build this same architecture. Design a building structure is numerous, but this is all experienced centuries of clarification, through continuous accumulation, keep improving, innovation obtained. And such pursuit, not confined in the past. Just think, if the design of a building can be like calculation one plus one equals two as simple and easy to grasp, that was not for what? Therefore, a civil engineer is in constant of in formation. One of the most simple structure, the least cost, the biggest function. Choose civil, choosing a steadfast diligence, innovation, pursuit of perfect path.译文：土木工程概论摘要：土木工程是个庞大的学科，但最主要的是建筑，建筑无论是在中国还是在国外，都有着悠久的历史，长期的发展历程。
目录Contents一、编制说明Explanation to the Compilation (2)二、工程概况Project Profile (6)三、施工准备Preparations for the Commencement (9)四、项目组织管理机构The Project Administration Organization (14)五、土建部分主要施工方法The Main Construction Method for the Civil Work (21)六、装饰装修工程主要施工方法The Main Construction Method for Finishing Work (45)七、安装部分主要施工方法Main working plan for installation (52)八、季节性施工措施Working plan for seasonality (64)九、质量保证措施Quality guarantee measurement (68)十、工期保证措施The steps for time limitation guarantee (73)十一、安全生产措施Security Production Measurement (76)十二、现场文明施工措施Field civilization working measures (86)十四、工程资料的整理及归档project material settling and filing (90)十五、工程回访维修制度Project revisit repair system (91)十六、施工总平面布置图The layout of the jobsite (92)十七、形象进度计划表Schedule Chart (94)附图：施工现场平面布置图附表：总的施工进度计划表一、编制说明Explanation to the Compilation1.1综合说明Comprehensive Explanations首先，我们诚恳地表示：我们将全心全意为业主服务，服从业主、监理的管理，和设计单位、各分包单位一起共同完成本项目的建设任务。
文献出处: Phillip Yetton. The Study of Construction Organization Design [J]. International Journal of Project Management, 2015, 9(2): 33-43.原文原文The Study of Construction Organization DesignAuthor: Phillip YettonAbstractBuilding construction is a complex work, huge building products, the production cycle is long, is a collection of architectural art, architecture, function, structure, decoration, water supply, power supply, intelligent system for a wind. Need to complete a project unit, type of work well together, and in the process of implementing, also under the influence of various subjective and objective conditions around. In order to meet the quality, cost, time limit for a project, under the premise of safety goal task to complete a project, must according to the requirement of the construction unit and the characteristics of the proposed construction project, the various raw materials on the basis of full investigation, compile an used to guide the whole process of technology, economy and management of project construction comprehensive document, this document is the construction organizationKeywords: Construction; Organization design; Project cost1 IntroductionConstruction organization design is a construction project for the object establishment, to guide the project bidding, construction contracts, construction preparation, construction installation until the whole process of the final acceptance of the technology, economy and management comprehensive document, is to ensure that project smooth implementation effective programmatic document. Construction organization design is proper or not, will directly relate to the quality of the proposed construction project, cost, time limit, safety, etc. The smooth realization of the intended target. With the development of The Times, modern engineering project scale and the demand is higher and higher, project management has become increasingly complex, and the construction organization design also put forward higher requirements. The construction organization design, construction organizationdesign in the bidding documents, also known as technical standard, but the construction organization design not only contains the content of the constructiontechnology, but also covers the project management and investment control, is acomprehensive document. In the beginning used for planned economy in our countrys construction organization design, during the course of decades of operation, tostandardize the project management has played a vital role. At present, theconstruction organization design has become a indispensable in the bidding and the construction of the organization of a file. But in the process of establishment and implementation of the construction organization design, try to guide due to lack of special specifications, different regions, different enterprises of different construction organization and design of the proposed requirements, combined with different construction enterprise management level, the differences between the technology and equipment, and personnel quality, leading to the establishment and management of construction organization design is uneven, at present still exist, such as the contents stylized, generalization, and perform a series of problems such as too casual, these are seriously affecting the normal role in the construction organization design and construction enterprise trans-regional management bring certain difficulties.2 Construction organization designs of the application and developmentIn 1928, the Soviet union in the process of building the Diaper river hydropower station, construction personnel compiled the first relatively complete construction organization design, through the implementation has obtained the remarkable result, then set up the specialized research institute for the study of the theory of the construction organization design and promotion to the practice of project management step by step. In the 1940 s, the United States will develop the first atomic bomb mission as a project to manage, named "Manhattan project", but only pay attention to the project management plan and coordination. Appeared in the late 1950 s, the United States on the key route method (CPM) and program evaluation and review technique (PERT), and other new technology, marked the project management method has formed some scientific system, but this time is mainly used in national defense industry. Will promote system research project management as a discipline began inthe 1960 s, in Europe as the main body of international project management association (IPMA) and American project management institute (PMI) in which alarge amount of effective work, in order to promote the development of projectmanagement has played a positive role. In the 70 s of the 20th century, projectmanagement rapidly around the world, the application scope is from the military andaerospace project extended to the general civil projects. In addition to plan, coordinate,control, project management of contracts, progress, safety, cost, quality, risk, etc are given more attention, gradually formed the framework of modern project management. At present, the project management to become the international architectural project construction management general form.In the field of engineering construction, the appearance of many new changes in the construction organization and management: the project legal person responsibility system, the establishment of the system of bidding and project supervision system, combining government guidance price and the market price of construction market price reform, such as "FID1C contract conditions", computer application as the core of the development of modern management mode, etc., this a series of changes have put forward the new requirements of construction organization design, construction organization design is a new trend of development. Main show is: combined with design; With the advanced construction technology, construction method; The widely used of computers and network, the development trend of construction organization design, is to meet the needs of the construction enterprise market share. In a word, the requirement of the construction contract and the requirements of the construction enterprise benefit maximization.3 The basic theory of construction organization design3.1 The construction organization design task and roleConstruction organization design is planning to guide the whole process from construction preparation until the completion inspection and acceptance of the proposed construction project of the technology, economy and management of comprehensive files. It should reflect the design and use requirements of the proposed construction project on the one hand, on the other hand and accords with the objectivelaw of construction, the construction process have the effect of strategy or tactics. Overall planning, formulation of construction organization design must fully considerthe actual situation and construction of the proposed construction projectcharacteristics, scientific and reasonable organization construction, make full use ofspace, time and other factors, the use of advanced construction methods andconstruction technology, strive for with the minimum consumption of manpower andmaterial resources and other resources to obtain the best economic benefits.3.2 The content of the construction organization designAccording to the engineering properties, scale, structure characteristics, technicalcomplexity, construction conditions and demands of the construction unit, the depth ofthe construction organization design and content is also different, but a complete profile should include compilation basis, project construction organization design, construction deployment, construction progress plan, construction preparation and resource allocation plan, main construction scheme, construction site layout and construction management plan, etc.Compilation basis is an important part of the construction organization design, isto determine the construction organization design, the premise of other content on thebasis of accurate or not is related to the establishment can work smoothly and the quality is good or bad, related to the construction organization design can better play the role of guidance in the construction. Project summary is equivalent to the total of the proposed construction project, this paper mainly introduces general situation of engineering construction, the professional design and construction conditions. Deployment of construction is the construction organization design of the programmatic document, is to the whole project implementation process to make overall planning and reasonable arrangement, including project managementorganization, project management goal, the construction task partitioning, the period of the division of water and the construction process, key and the difficulty in the construction and countermeasures, etc. The construction organization design construction deployment for other content, you need to write. Construction schedule plan is to ensure to achieve the goals of the construction period, starting and endingtime of various construction process of the construction sequence, and the mutual connection relationship of overall planning and arrangement, generally in the form ofcrossing graph or network graph to express, is the basis of all kinds of resourceallocation plan, etc.4 The implementation of the construction organization designThe compilation of construction organization design is only for theimplementation of the proposed project provides a feasible scheme. How the plan detailed technical and economic effect, but also must through the implementation of the project to verify. The enforcement of the construction organization design, which will develop a plan of the static scheme, in a constantly changing dynamic construction environment, whether the inspection effect to the expected goal. So the construction organization design and implement of far-reaching significance for the realization of the project goals should do the following several aspects:4.1 Clarification construction organization designAfter the construction organization design has been verified, before formallystarted to make a detailed technical clarification step by step and fill in the"construction organization design disclosure form". Disclosure by clarification will,written disclosure forms, such as focus on the content of the construction organization design, requirements, difficulties and guarantee measures step by step to implement down, at the same time for all involved in the project construction under the guidance of related units in total control, to develop a more detailed work plan, ensure the implementation of the construction organization design.4.2 Improve the system of enterprise managementPractice has proved that construction organization design can be implementedsmoothly, to a large extent depends on the construction enterprise technology,management of quality and enterprise management level, establish and perfect the management system of the construction enterprises of various or not is the sign of enterprise quality and staff level. Only by construction enterprises to establish and perfect the reasonable management system and strictly enforced, to ensure the normal implementation of construction projects, ensure the smooth implementation ofconstruction organization design.4.3 Establish strict appraisal systemConstruction enterprises shall implement situation of the construction organization design into construction project assessment category, clear the responsibility of the personnel at all levels, set up technical and economic contract responsibility system, in the process of construction inspection on the implementation of construction organization design, construction technology, economic responsibility and material interests of the worker, such as the calculation technology progress prize, the time limit for a project in advance award, etc., to ensure that comprehensively implement the construction organization design.4.4 To be prepared for constructionConstruction preparation is important to ensure the smooth implementation of the construction organization design. In order to ensure the smooth construction of the engineering and the normal conduct of construction activities, not only before the start, and in the whole construction process is to do well the preparation of the corresponding human, material and financial resources, actively for the construction of the project is to create favorable conditions, the construction of the initiative, guarantee the construction systematically, thus ensuring the construction organization design be carried out in a timely manner, improve the construction enterprise economic benefits and social benefits.译文译文施工组织设计问题研究施工组织设计问题研究Phillip Yetton摘要摘要建筑工程施工是一项复杂的工作，建筑工程施工是一项复杂的工作，建筑产品体积庞大，生产周期长，是一个建筑产品体积庞大，生产周期长，是一个集建筑艺术、建筑功能、建筑结构、装饰装修、供水供电、釆暖通风、智能系统为一身的综合体。
外文文献翻译文献出处：Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, 2015,3(2):281-294.英文原文Importance of construction organization designG BaeckerAbstractDuring the construction process of a construction project, the advantages and disadvantages of the construction organization scheme not only directly affect the quality of the project, but also have an important impact on the duration and the safety of the personnel during the construction process. The construction organization is an important technical and economic document for the project construction and guidance of project construction. Can adjust the contradiction of personnel, machinery, raw materials, environment, process, equipment, civil construction, installation, management, production, etc. in construction. It is necessary to supervise and control the construction organization design so as to ensure the project quality with high quality, low cost, and less Energy consumption is completed.Key words: Project Management, Construction Organization, Program ImportanceConstruction organization design is the conception and specific arrangement of the entire construction process of the engineering construction project. It is the core and soul of the construction organization management work. Its purpose is to make the project faster, better quality, and more efficient. Make the whole project get relatively optimal results in the construction.1.The reason for the importance of the design of construction organizationThe construction project and its construction have three characteristics: fixed and fluidity, diversity and individuality, large body and long construction period. Therefore, the construction of each construction project must be carried out. This is because: The production of other general industrial products has its own fixed, long-term factory. The construction of the building is fluid, and it is impossible to establish such a factory. It is only when each construction project is constructed that a corresponding, temporary construction site preparation like the nature of the plant is employed. The unique features of construction and the characteristics of construction mobility determine that each construction project must select the appropriate equipment and labor organization. The selection of construction methods, the formulation of construction technology plans, and the organization of workforces and implements are collectively referred to as construction work capacity allocation. The characteristics of the construction cycle have determined that the supply of various labors,equipment and many materials and materials technologies will take a long time. This will result in the construction and design of materials and technologies that are compatible with the overall construction schedule. From this we can see that construction organization design is very important in project management.2.The importance of construction organization designAs a product, building products play an extremely important role in project management throughout the construction process. The construction organization of the engineering construction project has a close relationship with its engineering cost. The basic contents of the construction organization design include: project overview and construction condition analysis, construction plan, construction process, construction schedule plan, and general plan of construction. There are also economic analysis and construction preparation work plans. Among them, the determination of the construction plan and construction process is more important. For example, the selection of construction machinery, the selection of horizontal transportation methods, the construction methods of the earthwork, the construction methods of the main structure and the selection of the construction technology all directly affect the project budget. The price changes. Under the premise of guaranteeing project quality and satisfying the owner's use requirements and construction period requirements, optimizing the construction plan and construction process is an important measure and method to control investment and reduce construction projectcost.2」The construction organization plan affects the quality of the project to a great extent. Therefore, a reasonable project organization plan is not only the basis for ensuring the successful completion of the project, but also the basis for project safety. The construction organization design is an important part of the construction engineering design documents. It is the main basis for preparing the project investment budget and the main reference for the preparation of bidding documents. Therefore, careful construction of the construction organization will have a very important role in detennining the project cost and reducing the investment in the project, which will help control the construction cost.2.2The construction organization plan is an important means for scientific management of construction activities. It has the dual role of strategic deployment and tactical arrangements. It embodies the requirements for realizing the basic construction plan and design, provides the contents of the construction preparation work in each phase, and coordinates the mutual relations between each construction work area, each construction work type, and each voluntary work in the construction process. The construction organization plan must be able to determine the basic combination of various factors of production based on the characteristics and requirements of the engineering product and the current and possible winning construction conditions. It is impossible to carry out any production without effectively solving the problem..3.Index calculation and analysis of construction organization designAt present, what indicators should be established in the construction organization design are not uniform and the calculation method is not standardized. As it is a yardstick for evaluating the overall effect of construction organization design and evaluation of implementation status, it is also the basis for examining the level and effect of production, operation and management of the unit (project department) that undertakes construction. We should pay attention to the following suggestions.3. 1 indicator system. The index system should be set up to reflect the level reached by the construction organization's design goals and provide convenience for evaluation, assessment, and implementation.3. 2 Index calculations. (1) Construction preparation period. From the start of site preparation to the full time of formal project start-up. (2) Unit project duration. The construction period arranged by the unit construction schedule. (3) Labor imbalance coefficient. The ratio of the peak number of construction period to the average number of people. (4) Reduce the cost. Technical organization measures to lower the cost of price results. (5) Reduce the cost rate. The percentage of cost reduction in contracted costs. (6) The degree of construction mechanization. The ratio of the completion value of mechanical construction to the project contracting cost. (7) The degree of factory construction. Prefabrication plant (quarry, quarry) The ratio of the completed production value to the engineering contracting cost. (8) Proportion of temporary engineering investment. The ratio of all temporaryengineering investment and project contracting cost. (9) Proportion of temporary engineering expenses. All Temporary Project Cost Reducing Ratio of Charges and Engineering Contract Costs.3.3 Indicators Analysis. Compared with the historical actual level of similar projects, the construction organization design index can evaluate the effect of the construction organization design; The comparison of indicators of different construction organization design schemes can be used to optimize the program; The weighted values of previous indicators of the same type of previous projects can be analyzed, which can be used as the future The basis of bidding.4.Management of construction organization designWith the establishment of a socialist market economy, the competition in the construction market has become increasingly fierce, and the objective situation has become increasingly demanding for construction companies. Not only does it require higher requirements in terms of technical equipment, personnel quality, and construction organizers, but it also faces new challenges in engineering economic management. In the rigorous construction market situation, some construction companies did not actively take response measures and did not update or train employees1 professional skills. The management level of science and technology is quite backward. In addition, it did not pay enough attention to the preparation of auditing construction organization design. Therefore, the following common situations will occur:4.1There is no preparation of auditing before the commencement of the construction of the organization design: do not engage in the layout of the construction plan, the material indiscriminately put. There are no guarantee measures for the shipment of earth moving in and out, mechanical equipment, unplanned labor demand, project quality, and safe construction. The phenomenon of wasting waste from workers is serious and the management level is low.4.2Whether it is a professional to compile the construction organization design: In order to deal with the inspections of the superior department and supervision unit and Party A, the construction personnel shall design the construction organization design on behalf of the construction worker or the information officer. Because the data was not known about the current constnjction management but was recently arranged by the leadership, it had to be created and dealt with indiscriminately.4.3The level of construction organization design is low: Some construction companies do not understand the importance of the construction organization in the construction process, write down the subitem construction process, draw the floor plan, and the project schedule, and they think that it is the constmction organization, designed.4.4Technology Abandonment Economy: A considerable number of construction enterprise units are preparing the construction organization design. Only pay attention to the technical measures of each sub-project in the construction organization. The content of the economic indicators of the。
施工组织设计摘要中英施工组织设计摘要摘要：本文旨在对施工组织设计进行详细的描述和分析。
施工组织设计是指在工程项目施工过程中，根据工程的特点和施工的要求，合理安排施工作业的组织形式、施工方法、施工工序、施工工艺和施工机具设备等，以提高施工效率、降低施工成本、保证施工质量和安全。
本文首先介绍了施工组织设计的背景和意义，然后分析了施工组织设计的基本原则和要求，接着详细讨论了施工组织设计的主要内容，包括施工组织形式、施工方法、施工工序、施工工艺和施工机具设备等。
最后，本文总结了施工组织设计的重要性和可行性，并提出了未来研究的方向和建议。
1. 背景和意义施工组织设计是工程项目施工过程中的重要环节，它直接影响着施工的效率和质量。
合理的施工组织设计能够提高施工作业的效率，降低施工成本，保证施工质量和安全。
因此，对施工组织设计进行详细的研究和分析具有重要的理论和实际意义。
2. 施工组织设计的基本原则和要求施工组织设计应遵循以下基本原则和要求：（1）科学性：施工组织设计应基于科学的理论和方法，合理安排施工作业的组织形式、施工方法、施工工序、施工工艺和施工机具设备等。
（2）经济性：施工组织设计应以降低施工成本为目标，合理配置资源，提高资源利用效率。
（3）安全性：施工组织设计应注重施工安全，合理安排施工作业的时间和空间，采取有效的安全措施，防止施工事故的发生。
（4）可行性：施工组织设计应考虑实际情况，符合施工条件和要求，具有可行性和可操作性。
3. 施工组织设计的主要内容施工组织设计的主要内容包括以下几个方面：（1）施工组织形式：根据工程项目的特点和施工的要求，确定合适的施工组织形式，如总承包、分包、联合承包等。
（2）施工方法：选择适当的施工方法，如传统施工、模块化施工、装配式施工等，以提高施工效率和质量。
（3）施工工序：合理划分施工工序，确定施工工序的顺序和时间，以保证施工进度和质量。
（4）施工工艺：根据工程项目的特点和施工的要求，确定合适的施工工艺，如混凝土浇筑工艺、钢结构安装工艺等。
施工组织设计英文文献翻译Construction Organization Design - English Literature TranslationConstruction organization design is an essential aspect of construction project management. It involves the planning, coordination, and control of various activities and resources to ensure the successful execution of a construction project. This article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the concept by translating relevant English literature on the subject.1. IntroductionConstruction organization design refers to the systematic arrangement of responsibilities, authorities, communication, and resources within a construction project. It aims to optimize project performance while considering factors such as project objectives, scope, constraints, and available resources.2. The Importance of Construction Organization DesignEfficient construction organization design is crucial for the successful completion of a construction project. It helps in optimizing resource allocation, reducing project delays, improving communication, and enhancing overall project performance. A well-designed construction organization structure ensures that project tasks are assigned to the right individuals or teams, thereby maximizing productivity.3. Factors Influencing Construction Organization DesignVarious factors influence the design of construction organization, including project size, complexity, location, contractual agreements, and stakeholder requirements. The project manager must assess these factors and develop an organizational structure that fosters effective coordination, communication, and collaboration among project participants.4. Construction Organization Design ApproachesSeveral approaches can be adopted for construction organization design, depending on the project's unique characteristics. These include functional, project-based, matrix, and hybrid organizational structures. Each approach has its advantages and disadvantages, and the selection depends on the project's specific requirements.4.1 Functional OrganizationIn a functional organization, employees are grouped based on their areas of expertise, such as engineering, procurement, and construction. This structure promotes specialization and allows for efficient resource utilization. However, it may result in limited communication and coordination between functional units.4.2 Project-Based OrganizationIn a project-based organization, teams are assembled specifically for each project. This structure promotes effective communication and coordination among team members. However, it may lead to duplication of resources and increase project costs.4.3 Matrix OrganizationThe matrix organization combines the functional and project-based structures. It involves a dual reporting system, where employees have both functional and project managers. This approach enhances communication and coordination while maintaining functional expertise. However, it can also create conflicts between functional and project managers.4.4 Hybrid OrganizationA hybrid organization structure is a customized approach that combines elements from various organizational structures. It allows for flexibility and can be tailored to meet the specific needs of a construction project. The hybrid structure may combine functional, project-based, or matrix elements.5. Challenges in Construction Organization DesignDesigning an effective construction organization structure is not without challenges. These challenges include the need for interdepartmental coordination, the dynamic nature of construction projects, changing stakeholder requirements, project uncertainties, and cultural differences among workers. Project managers must address these challenges to ensure the smooth functioning of the construction organization.6. ConclusionConstruction organization design plays a vital role in the successful execution of construction projects. It involves the systematic arrangement of responsibilities, communication, and resources, considering various project factors. The choice of organizational structure depends on factors such as project size, complexity, and stakeholder requirements. By addressingchallenges and adopting a suitable organizational structure, project managers can optimize project performance and achieve project objectives.In conclusion, construction organization design is a critical aspect of construction project management. This article aimed to provide an understanding of the concept by translating relevant English literature. It discussed the importance of construction organization design, factors influencing the design, different approaches, challenges, and the significance of effective organization design in construction projects.。
外文文献翻译(含：英文原文及中文译文)文献出处：Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research, 2015, 3(2):281-294.英文原文Importance of construction organization designG BaeckerAbstractDuring the construction process of a construction project, the advantages and disadvantages of the construction organization scheme not only directly affect the quality of the project, but also have an important impact on the duration and the safety of the personnel during the construction process. The construction organization is an important technical and economic document for the project construction and guidance of project construction. Can adjust the contradiction of personnel, machinery, raw materials, environment, process, equipment, civil construction, installation, management, production, etc. in construction. It is necessary to supervise and control the construction organization design so as to ensure the project quality with high quality, low cost, and less Energy consumption is completed.Key words: Project Management, Construction Organization, Program ImportanceConstruction organization design is the conception and specific arrangement of the entire construction process of the engineering construction project. It is the core and soul of the construction organization management work. Its purpose is to make the project faster, better quality, and more efficient. Make the whole project get relatively optimal results in the construction.1. The reason for the importance of the design of construction organizationThe construction project and its construction have three characteristics: fixed and fluidity, diversity and individuality, large body and long construction period. Therefore, the construction of each construction project must be carried out. This is because: The production of other general industrial products has its own fixed, long-term factory. The construction of the building is fluid, and it is impossible to establish such a factory. It is only when each construction project is constructed that a corresponding, temporary construction site preparation like the nature of the plant is employed. The unique features of construction and the characteristics of construction mobility determine that each construction project must select the appropriate equipment and labor organization. The selection of construction methods, the formulation of construction technology plans, and the organization of workforces and implements are collectively referred to as construction work capacityallocation. The characteristics of the construction cycle have determined that the supply of various labors, equipment and many materials and materials technologies will take a long time. This will result in the construction and design of materials and technologies that are compatible with the overall construction schedule. From this we can see that construction organization design is very important in project management.2. The importance of construction organization designAs a product, building products play an extremely important role in project management throughout the construction process. The construction organization of the engineering construction project has a close relationship with its engineering cost. The basic contents of the construction organization design include: project overview and construction condition analysis, construction plan, construction process, construction schedule plan, and general plan of construction. There are also economic analysis and construction preparation work plans. Among them, the determination of the construction plan and construction process is more important. For example, the selection of construction machinery, the selection of horizontal transportation methods, the construction methods of the earthwork, the construction methods of the main structure and the selection of the construction technology all directly affect the project budget. The price changes. Under the premise of guaranteeingproject quality and satisfying the owner's use requirements and construction period requirements, optimizing the construction plan and construction process is an important measure and method to control investment and reduce construction project cost.The construction organization plan affects the quality of the project to a great extent. Therefore, a reasonable project organization plan is not only the basis for ensuring the successful completion of the project, but also the basis for project safety. The construction organization design is an important part of the construction engineering design documents. It is the main basis for preparing the project investment budget and the main reference for the preparation of bidding documents. Therefore, careful construction of the construction organization will have a very important role in determining the project cost and reducing the investment in the project, which will help control the construction cost.The construction organization plan is an important means for scientific management of construction activities. It has the dual role of strategic deployment and tactical arrangements. It embodies the requirements for realizing the basic construction plan and design, provides the contents of the construction preparation work in each phase, and coordinates the mutual relations between each construction work area, each construction work type, and each voluntary work in the construction process. The construction organization plan must be able to determine thebasic combination of various factors of production based on the characteristics and requirements of the engineering product and the current and possible winning construction conditions. It is impossible to carry out any production without effectively solving the problem. .3. Index calculation and analysis of construction organization designAt present, what indicators should be established in the construction organization design are not uniform and the calculation method is not standardized. As it is a yardstick for evaluating the overall effect of construction organization design and evaluation of implementation status, it is also the basis for examining the level and effect of production, operation and management of the unit (project department) that undertakes construction. We should pay attention to the following suggestions.3. 1 indicator system. The index system should be set up to reflect the level reached by the construction organization's design goals and provide convenience for evaluation, assessment, and implementation.3. 2 Index calculations. (1) Construction preparation period. From the start of site preparation to the full time of formal project start-up. (2) Unit project duration. The construction period arranged by the unit construction schedule. (3) Labor imbalance coefficient. The ratio of the peak number of construction period to the average number of people. (4) Reduce the cost. Technical organization measures to lower the cost ofprice results. (5) Reduce the cost rate. The percentage of cost reduction in contracted costs. (6) The degree of construction mechanization. The ratio of the completion value of mechanical construction to the project contracting cost. (7) The degree of factory construction. Prefabrication plant (quarry, quarry) The ratio of the completed production value to the engineering contracting cost. (8) Proportion of temporary engineering investment. The ratio of all temporary engineering investment and project contracting cost. (9) Proportion of temporary engineering expenses. All Temporary Project Cost Reducing Ratio of Charges and Engineering Contract Costs.3. 3 Indicators Analysis. Compared with the historical actual level of similar projects, the construction organization design index can evaluate the effect of the construction organization design; The comparison of indicators of different construction organization design schemes can be used to optimize the program; The weighted values of previous indicators of the same type of previous projects can be analyzed, which can be used as the future The basis of bidding.4. Management of construction organization designWith the establishment of a socialist market economy, the competition in the construction market has become increasingly fierce, and the objective situation has become increasingly demanding for construction companies. Not only does it require higher requirements interms of technical equipment, personnel quality, and construction organizers, but it also faces new challenges in engineering economic management. In the rigorous construction market situation, some construction companies did not actively take response measures and did not update or train employees' professional skills. The management level of science and technology is quite backward. In addition, it did not pay enough attention to the preparation of auditing construction organization design. Therefore, the following common situations will occur: There is no preparation of auditing before the commencement of the construction of the organization design: do not engage in the layout of the construction plan, the material indiscriminately put. There are no guarantee measures for the shipment of earth moving in and out, mechanical equipment, unplanned labor demand, project quality, and safe construction. The phenomenon of wasting waste from workers is serious and the management level is low.Whether it is a professional to compile the construction organization design: In order to deal with the inspections of the superior department and supervision unit and Party A, the construction personnel shall design the construction organization design on behalf of the construction worker or the information officer. Because the data was not known about the current construction management but was recently arranged by the leadership, it had to be created and dealt withindiscriminately.The level of construction organization design is low: Some construction companies do not understand the importance of the construction organization in the construction process, write down the sub-item construction process, draw the floor plan, and the project schedule, and they think that it is the construction organization. designed.Technology Abandonment Economy: A considerable number of construction enterprise units are preparing the construction organization design. Only pay attention to the technical measures of each sub-project in the construction organization. The content of the economic indicators of the sub-item was not taken into consideration, which caused continuous disputes during the settlement of the project and caused economic losses. Therefore, we must manage the construction organization design:(1) Implement dynamic managementDuring the construction process, it will inevitably encounter unexpected problems, such as design changes, natural factors, etc. Changes in the construction process at each stage will result in the adjustment of on-site plans. Therefore, dynamic management must be carried out according to the changed site conditions. , Make necessary modifications, supplements, and optimizations to the inappropriate parts of the construction organization design to achieve the establishedconstruction goals.(2) Implement hierarchical managementThe implementation of project law construction, the separation of management and operation layers, and the gradual reduction of fixed workers will inevitably lead to the phenomenon of general contracting and subcontracting. The successful bidders have changed from direct management of the past to direct technical disclosure to indirect management and indirect technologies. As a result, management should be layered according to the design of the construction organization, and the technical authority, responsibilities and working procedures of the general contracting and subcontracting units, management and operation layers should be clearly defined.5 ConclusionDuring the construction of the project, the organization and design of the construction must be supervised and controlled to ensure the orderly construction of the project and prevent the construction organization from flowing into the form. Construction organization design is a powerful measure to ensure project quality, safety and progress. Under certain resource conditions, the technical and economic benefits of the project can be achieved, and the purpose of win-win construction and economic benefits can be achieved.中文译文施工组织设计的重要性G Baecker摘要建筑工程在施工过程中, 施工组织方案的优劣不仅直接影响工程的质量, 对工期及施工过程中的人员安全也有重要影响。
丽水澜庭B区1#楼施工组织设计
摘要：施工组织设计是建筑施工组织的核心和灵魂，是对工程建设项目全过程的构思设想和具体安排，用来指导施工项目全过程各项活动的技术、经济和组织的综合性文件。
本施工组织设计是针对丽水澜庭B区1#楼工程施工的纲领性文件。
以1#楼为研究对象，深入实践，理论联系实际，查阅相关资料，针对本工程自身特点，制定出专项施工方案和相应的施工组织设计。
本施工组织设计阐述了施工过程中常见问题及解决办法，文中所述的施工工艺及技术措施能较好的指导施工，使各分部分项工程质量、进度及成本得到有效控制，能保证各阶段施工有序进行。
关键字：施工组织设计；施工方案；质量；进度；成本
The construction organization design for the 1# buildings
at area B of LiShuiLanTing
Abstract: Construction organization design is the core and soul of construction organizations, and is the whole process of engineering construction projects and the specific arrangements envisaged in the concept, used to guide the construction of the project activities of the whole process of technical, economic and organizational comprehensive document. This construction organization design is a guiding document for the 1# building at area B of LiShuiLanTing.Take 1# buildings as a research object，with thorough practice, link theory with practice and access relevant information, according to the characteristics of t he project, make a special construction schemes and the corresponding construction organization design. This construction organization design expatiated the common problems and the solving methods in construction process, the construction technology and technical measures in this paper will better to guide construction,and made each division component project’s quality, schedule and cost to be controled effectively, also can guarantee the stage construction in an orderly way.
Key words：construction organization design；construction scheme；quality；schedule；cost。
