雅思剑桥4-8听力值得记忆部分汇总——SECTION 4
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:200.38 KB
- 文档页数:11
雅思听力的Section4的做题技巧在雅思听力中,Section4是全部听力考试当中难度最高的一部分。
今日我给大家带来了雅思听力的Section4的做题技巧,盼望可以关心到大家,下面我就和大家共享,来观赏一下吧。
【攻克听力最难部分】雅思听力的Section4的做题技巧一般来讲,在Section4中,考生会听到一段很长的独白,话题范围涉及较广,例如健康、校内、环境等话题。
至于其中运用的单词和语法上,也会更加高阶,这些都会无形中给考生带来压力和障碍。
然而,尽管某些话题可能比较专业,但雅思索试的问题还是很常规的,并不用担忧会消失专业学问背景,主要题型仍旧是考察听力理解和细节把握力量。
Section4中,有填空题、填表题、选择题等,大家要重视对各种场景词汇的积累总结,据统计,往往这些场景词汇复现率很大。
至于时间方面,这一部分时间很紧,所以建议大家在听力考试一开考到Section1开考前的这段时间,估量有一两分钟,抓紧时间先看Section3和Section4这较难的两部分。
首先要看的,是考题中提示的字数限制,肯定要看清限定几个单词,可能是三个,也可能只要一个或者两个,一旦超出字数,肯定是不会给分的。
在快速看试题的过程中,要划出题目中的关键词。
最好通过练习一些快速阅读的题目来加快扫瞄题目的速度,对答案要有预判。
另外,还要留意听力的节奏关系,一些带有规律性关联词是很好的提示关心你把握文章整体全文结构,例如and,besides,however,but,while,not only...but also,moreover,then,whereas等等。
肯定要留意上述词语,特殊是转折之后的话,是重点。
对听到的词和题干中的词要做同义词的联想,在非常钟抄写答案的时间里,还要检查单词的时态、单复数、大小写等,说不定1个小细节就能让你的听力提高0.5分。
要学会怎么排解杂音和各种干扰,例如well、eh之类的填充语,还有说到一半突然转念说另外一句话的现象,所以要听完全句才确定答案。
今天我们雅思备考听力篇的文章来研究下剑8 test 4 section 4。
题型上来看,这部分由6道匹配题和4道填空题构成。
这种组合在雅思听力section 4中极少出现。
尤其是匹配题。
如果遇到的话,一首《凉凉》送给大家。
场景上来看,这篇文章讲的是某个地区的壁画,是section 4比较喜欢考察的场景之一。
跟之前一样,我们总结下其中出现的雅思听力高频词汇。
雅思听力高频词汇figure 数字,人物。
这个单词的两个意思都有可能作为答案出现。
表示‘数字’的时候还有可能和statistics同义替换。
大家注意根据场景判别具体的含义。
creature 生物。
极其偶尔的会在与动物相关的section 4中作为答案出现。
更多的时候还在题干上或者听力原文中作为提示信息。
plant 植物。
雅思听力各个部分都有可能考到。
既会作为填空题的答案,也有可能在选择题中与vegetation同义替换。
characteristics 特点。
虽然曾经在机经中作为答案出现过,但次数并不多,更多的时候还是出现在选择题中与feature同义替换。
hunt 打猎。
在剑桥雅思6 test 4 section 4中也曾出现过,大家多多注意下拼写。
image 图片。
可能在section 4中作为答案出现。
大家主要注意image的i发音会往/e/上偏,导致识别起来有些难度。
rainbow 彩虹。
在剑桥雅思系列书籍中只作为提示信息出现过。
但在真正考试中曾文章来自雅思经做过答案,需要大家多多注意。
serpent 蛇。
可能会与snake同义替换。
如果大家看过哈利波特的原版书的话,就会发现《哈利波特与密室》中表示蛇的词都用的是serpent。
sea level 海平面。
在剑桥雅思section 4讨论到环境时经常出现的一个词。
拼写和听音都没有什么难度,大家熟悉下意思就好。
witness 见证。
通常出现在雅思听力的原文中,与题干中的see或者watch同义替换。
剑桥雅思8 TEST 2必背词汇Section 1本节必背词汇belonging n.所有物,财产crack n.破裂take out insurance 买保险cabinet n.柜橱claim n.索赔towel n.毛巾,浴巾current adj.目前的,现在的Indonesia n.印度尼西亚suburb n.郊区quote v.开价,报价via prep.经由saucer n.茶盘托reference number咨询号码replacement n.替代,替换词汇拓展term/policy period 保险单有效期sum assured/insurance amount/cover赔付费death benefit 死亡保险金premium保险费premium paying term 保费交纳期限maturity benefit 期限利益Section 2本节必背词汇amongst prep.在...之中complex n.综合建筑物remit n.宗旨plan n.图纸,平面图situate v.坐落block n.区域route n.路线graze v.放牧circular adj.圆形的rectangular adj.长方形的marsh n.沼泽out of bounds禁止进入poultry n.家禽nutritional adj.营养的breed n.品种broaden v.变宽,增加display n.展示orchard n.果园browse v.浏览diversify v.使不同,使多样化词汇拓展accommodation capacity 接待能力 adventure tourism(需要—定技能的) 探险旅游affinity group有共同兴趣、爱好的旅游组after-departure charge离开后付费(比如电话费,在离开酒店的时候一般不收,以后再通过信用卡支付)Section 3本节必背词汇quarantine n.&v.检疫,隔离moisten v.使潮湿infest v.扰乱,骚扰scrunch v.揉皱;紧缩microscopic adj.极小的,极微小的eradicate v.根除,扑灭die out 灭绝mite n.小虱;螨类devastating adj.破坏性极大的,毁灭wipe out 消灭,彻底摧毁性的pollinate v.给……授花粉skeleton n.骨骼indigestible a.不能消化的pellet n.小球cough up 咳出词汇拓展butterfly 蝴蝶flea 跳蚤scorpion 蝎子moth 蛾mosquito 蚊子mantis 螳螂ant 蚂蚁roach 蟑螂beetle 甲壳虫termite 白蚁cricket 蟋蟀Section 4本节必背词汇rationale n.基本原理,原理的阐述recruit v.招募questionnaire n.调查问卷counteract v.与互动collate v.整理,校对revert v.恢复(原状),implement v.使生效、贯彻subject n.被采访对象be taken aback吃惊;困惑reassurance n.再次保证encounter v.遇到seminar n.讨论traceable a.可以追踪的substance n.物质bizarre a.奇怪的eye-opener n.令人大开眼界的东西词汇拓展assignment n.作业wording n.措词assess v.评估draft n.草稿,初稿sample n.样品,抽样presentation n.开题报告random n.随机剑桥雅思8 TEST 3必背词汇Section 1本节必背词汇rent v.租n.租金location n.地点,位置suburb n.郊区minimum adj.最低的n.最少,最低值let n.出租,租赁living room 起居室dining room 餐厅garage n.车库cloakroom n.盟洗室cope with 应付,处理kitchen-diner(有就餐区域的)大厨房study n.书房whereabouts adv.在哪里decorate v.装修,装饰scheme n.计划district n.地区construction n.建设impressive adj.令人印象深刻的schedule n.计划;时刻表convert v.改建,改造词汇拓展accommodation住宿;宿舍apartment n.〈美〉公寓budget n.预算contract n.合同double room 双人间flat n.公寓flatmate n.室友homestay n.寄宿off campus 在校外on campus 在校内studio n.〈美〉小套间Section 2本节必背词汇spotlight n.聚光灯throughout prep.遍及venue n.地点classical music 古典音乐concert n.演唱会,音乐会complex n.建筑群;联合体cater v.满足,迎合art gallery 画廊,美术馆enormous adj.众多的eventually adv.最终symphony n.交响乐orchestra n.管弦乐团selection n.挑选,精选;选集attraction n.吸引物recommend v.推荐spectacular adj.引人入胜的,壮观的fantastic adj.精彩的,绝妙的review n.影评exhibition n.展览collection n.收藏;收集词汇拓展stopping points停靠地(点)palace n.宫殿residence n.居所,住处refreshment n.小点心commercial adj.商业的shallow adj.浅的;肤浅的arcade n.拱廊;有拱廊的街道commentary n.解说departure n.出发,离开hop-on hop-off 随到随发;随时上下Section 3本节必背词汇personal statement 个人陈述administration n.行政管理fluency n.流利lodging n.寄宿处;出租的房屋barrier n.障碍laptop n.笔记本电脑module n.单元original adj.最初的,原本的;原始的gender n.性别agency n.中介,机构analysis n.分析voluntary adj.自愿的,志愿的reconfigure v.重新配置;重新设置construction n.建设occupy v.占领,占据engineering n.工程elect v.选举,推举physically adv.身体上;生理上leadership n.领导de-motivated adj.失去动力的sphere n.范围,领域community n.社区acquisition n.获得;获得物reluctant adj.不情愿的indigenous adj.本土的suspicious adj.怀疑的appropriate adj.恰当的academic adj.学术的Portuguese n.葡萄牙语词汇拓展complementary adj.补足的;互补historical adj.历史的expedition n.探险;远征scientific base 科考基地specialist n.专家remote adj.遥远的,偏僻的uninhabited adj.荒无人烟的wilderness n.荒野fieldwork n.实地考察Section 4本节必背词汇branch n.分支机构component n.元素,成分parent organisation 母公司interweave v.交织;使…混杂capture v.捕捉complicated v.使复杂scale n.规模ignorance n.(对某事物)无知utilise v.利用,使用invisible adj.不可见的generate v.产生;发生duplicate adj.复制的;两重的glamorous adj.富有魅力的,迷人的replicate v.复制misguide v.误导innovation n.变革,创新accurate adj.准确的,正确的confine v.限制comparable adj.相似的;可比较的acquire v.获得,取得modification n.修饰,修改overwhelming adj.压倒性的;无法抵抗的compromise v.危及;妥协underlying adj.隐藏的confirm v.证实,确认cautious adj.小心的setting 队背景;场景exert v.施加,运用retail store 零售店reliance n.依赖,依靠real estate agency 房产中介template n.模板pick s b’s brains 向某人请教、讨教consistency n.持续性isolated adj.孤立的,隔离的词汇拓展fraud欺骗,诈骗customer顾客diversity差异;多样性behave 表现,行为personality个性preoccupation n.关注lawless adj.无法无天的legal adj.合法的corporate crime 商业犯罪embezzlement n.盗用,挪用variation差异creativity创造性conflict冲突responsibility n.责任,职责individuality n.个性,个人特征cooperation n.合作conformity n. 一致性剑桥雅思8 TEST 4必背词汇Section 1本节必备词汇temporary adj.临时的,暂时的waistcoat n.(西服的)背心,马甲shift n.轮班midday n..中午,正午alternate v.交替,轮流reference n..推荐人,介绍人generous adj.慷慨的,大方的vouch v.替……担保uniform n.工作服词汇拓展resume n.简历performance n.工作表现recruitment n.招聘reward n.奖励agency n.中介,代理benefit n.奖金,补贴job hunting 找工作motivation n.积极性,动力job hopping 跳槽Section 2本节必备词汇councilor n.议会议员pavement n.人行道consultation n.咨询pedestrian n.行人overhead adj.头顶上的signage n.标志牌resident n.居民intersection n.十字路口shelter n.遮蔽处incorporate v.包含shade n.树荫,阴凉词汇拓展monument n.纪念碑district n.区public lavatory 公共厕所residential area 居民区national highway 国道urban adj.市区的metropolis n.大都市suburb n.郊区municipality n.市政当局outskirts n.市郊municipal n.市的,市政的Section 3本节必备词汇grant n.助学金eligible adj.符合条件的,合格的sponsor v.资助scholarship n.奖学金desperate adj.急需要的;绝望的rehearse v.排练frantically adv.疯狂地,狂热地conductor n.指挥stretch v.使全力以赴,使竭尽所能hockey n.曲棍球stamina n.耐力,体力seminar n.研讨会on the same wavelength 具有相同的思路,合拍tutorial n.(大学导师的)个别辅导时间productive adj.富有成效的priority n.优先事项incentive n.动力;激励,刺激tackle v.对付,处理词汇拓展angle角度semester学期ambition抱负,志向instruction n.教授,指导cooperate v.合作experiment n.实验dissertation n.(博士 )论文Section 4本节必备词汇aboriginal adj. 土著的curvy adj.有曲线的;弯曲的symbolic adj.象征性的resemble v.像,类似characteristic n.特征,特点miniature n.微型图画categorise v.将...分类marine adj.海洋的artistic adj.艺术的prominently adv.显著地dynamic adj.动态的,充满活力的intrigue v.激起……兴趣significant adj.有重大意义的serpent n.蛇(尤指大蛇、毒蛇) depict v.描绘,描画kangaroo n.袋鼠static adj.静态的crocodile n.鳄鱼stick-like adj.棍状的coincide v.与...一致naturalistic adj.自然的disruption n.崩溃,瓦解internal adj.内部的inspiration n.灵感skeleton n.骨架词汇拓展archaeological adj.考古的,考古学的accurate adj.精确的fieldwork n.野外实地调查identifiable adj.可辨认的contemporary adj.当代的complex adj.复杂的interpretation n.理解,解释unintentional adj.非故意的,无意的engraving n.雕刻(术);版画disrespectful adj.无礼的footprint n.足迹priceless adj.无价的scholar n.学者fragile adj.易碎的mystery n.神秘的事物precious adj.珍贵的illustration n.图解,例证intact adj.完好无损的。
Survival Scenario HOUSE-RENTINGPeoplelandlord / landlady (女)房东tenant房客agent/agency中介host family接待家庭guest客人neighbour邻居AccommodationFeesrent 租金deposit 押金withdraw 取钱utility bills 水电费water electricity phone gas netwater / gas / electricity / telephone bill weekly/monthly每周的/每月的refundable可退回的capital insurance保险loan interest rate contract合同,合约itemLocation位置downtown / city centre市中心suburbs / outskirts 郊区urban/rural area市区/郊县north北, south南, east东, west西northwest西北;southwest西南northeast东北;southeast东南northern北边的road/street/avenue/lane/drive街道Accommodation住宿property房产guest house招待所home-stay 寄宿家庭flat / apartment公寓studio apartment单身公寓single room单人间twin room 双人间(两个床)triple room 三人间hostelDietaryrefreshments/ snack点心refresher special food / dietary requirement对于食物特殊要求food allergies/ be allergic to 对…食物过敏allergyvegetarian素食主义者vegetation seafood海鲜entertainment /recreation /leisureFacility / Equipment / Apparatus 设备living room客厅dining room饭厅kitchen厨房kitchen-dinnerbathroom卫生间garden花园yard庭院cloakroom衣帽间study书房garage 车库car park 停车场lift电梯fire gate/exit紧急出口air conditioner / conditioning 空调heating取暖closed-circuit TV / video surveillance闭路电视/监控系统toaster/ oven/ shower/closet/cupboard/balcony/dish/plate/leak/screen/curtain/ Door knob/handleTRAVELLINGTravel arrangement travel agency旅行社tour guide导游guided tours带导游的旅行reserve/reservation预定book/booking预定recreation/ entertainment/ leisure娱乐Tourist Attraction旅游景点highlight热点rainforest雨林swamp / marsh 沼泽wetland湿地desert沙漠grassland草原bush灌木丛waterfall 瀑布viewpoint 观景点,制高点viewing shelter观景棚historic(al) interest历史遗迹castle城堡cathedral大教堂botanical garden植物园art gallery画廊museum博物馆ancient temple古寺theme park主题公园organic farm有机农场aquarium水族馆undersea worlds海底世界amusement park游乐园orchard果园beach / coast/ shore沙滩、海滨hot spring温泉water mill水力发电站dock港口dam水坝footbridge人行小桥Great Barrier Reef大堡礁Stonehenge巨石阵Sydney Opera House悉尼歌剧院Tower of London伦敦塔Activitiesbushwalk林中漫步hiking徒步旅行trekking跋涉camping野营campsite营地cycling骑自行车rock climbing / cliff walks攀岩Entertainment娱乐musical instrument乐器keyboard键盘piano钢琴;pianist钢琴家string instrument弦乐器violin小提琴;violinist小提琴家cello大提琴;cellist大提琴家guitar吉他;guitarist吉他手flute笛子drum鼓pop流行音乐jazz爵士乐folk民谣easy listening轻音乐classical古典音乐live music现场音乐disco跳舞厅pub酒吧clubhouse会所concert hall音乐厅opera house歌剧院karaoke bars卡拉OKconcert音乐会cinema电影院Studio Theatre演播剧场theatre剧院theatrical events戏剧theatrette 剧院exhibition展览department stores百货商场Transportationvehicle车辆four-wheel drive四驱车jeep吉普车minibus中巴coach长途客车railway station火车站Central Station中央车站airport机场2雅思听力·场景词汇3river cruise 游艇游览 helicopter 直升飞机 shuttle bus 班车 cab / taxi 计程车MEMBERSHIPDivisionssports club 健身俱乐部 fitness centre 健身俱乐部 gym 健身房 reception 前台 locker room 更衣室keep-fit studio 健身室 dance studio 舞蹈教室tennis court 网球场 swimming pool 游泳池 salad bar 沙拉吧 Staff receptionist 前台接待人员 coach/trainer 教练instructor 指导教练 dietician 饮食专家 internal member 内部人员 external member 外部人员Registration application form 申请表reference number 档案号 passport photo 护照照片 documents for ID/ ID card 证明文件 driver ’s license 驾照 passport 护照 student card 学生证 bank statement 银行对账单 utility bills (water, electricity, phone, gas) 水电费账单 reference letter from employer 雇主证明信 joining fee 入会费 annual fee 年费assess/access SportsTEAM SPORTS soccer/ football 足球 beach volleyball 沙滩排球 basketball 篮球 baseball 棒球 hockey 曲棍球 handball 手球BALL GAMES golf 高尔夫 badminton 羽毛球 table tennis 乒乓球RACKET BALL tennis 网球 squash 壁球 squatEXERCISE boxing 拳击 kick-boxing 搏击 judo 柔道 yoga 瑜伽 jogging 慢跑 aerobics 有氧运动 stretch class 拉伸运动CARmake 牌子 model 型号 manufacturer 厂商 engine size 排量 (litre 升, cc) gear change 变速器 manual 手动挡 automatic 自动挡 top speed 最高速 mileage 里程数 instrument panel 仪表盘 frame 车架 wheel (front, rear) 车轮(前轮,后轮) steering wheel 方向盘 car bumper 保险杠insurance company 保险公司Rolls-Royce 劳斯莱斯part exchange 部分抵换BANKINGPaymentcash现金check(cheque)支票credit card 信用卡(VISA, MASTER, American Express)Currencyforeign currency 外汇exchange rate 汇率pound £dollar $euro €Opening an accountcurrent account 活期账户deposit account定期账户joint account 联合账户instant account 速成账户select account 高级账户opening sum 开户额identity security身份认证bank statement 银行对账单Transactiondeposit 存款withdraw (withdrawal) 取款overdraft/ overdraw 透支balance 余额interest 利息interest rate 利率teller 出纳transfer 转账loan贷款Academic ScenarioCOURSE DELIVERYFaculty师资tutor导师lecturer讲师convenor老师counselor顾问principal校长director主任staff员工Sessionsenroll报名参加session(一节)课tutorial辅导课lecture讲座seminar研讨会group discussion小组讨论workshop讨论会diploma course文凭课程modular course 模块课程training session 培训课程refresher course补习课程intensive course强化课程studies研究semester/term学期course outline 课程大纲handout(s) 讲义orientation week学习指导周(开学第一周)SubjectBiology生物Biophysics生理Cartography绘图法Economics经济学Education教育Finance金融Geography地理4雅思听力·场景词汇Mathematics数学Marketing市场Politics政治Sociology社会学Statistics统计学Social Science社会科学Topography地形学CoursesAdvanced English Studies高级英语研究General English普通英语Academic English学术英语Gender Studies性别研究Second Language Acquisition第二语言习得Educationprimary school小学secondary school初中undergraduate本科postgraduate研究生Bachelor学士Master硕士Doctor博士Countries, regions and LanguagesAustraliaQueenslandNew South WalesPortugueseSpanishLatin AmericaASSIGNMENTCourseworkassignment作业essay论文report报告case study案例分析project项目presentation演示,报告dissertation学位论文experiment实验written work书面作业Requirementsdeadline最后期限extension延期submit/hand in上交length/word limit篇幅/字数限制title标题chapter/section章,节bibliography参考书目draft初稿typos拼写错误layout排版contents page目录subheadings副标题formatting格式numbering编码page numbers页码headers页眉footers页脚bullet points要点列举Methodologystudy研究branch分支identify鉴定,验明research 研究investigation调查survey调查data, statistics, figure数据main methods:1) questionnaire 问卷调查response rate回复率2) Interview采访telephone interview电话采访face-to-face interview面对面的采访*taped interview 录音采访3) observation观察Assessmentreview批改evaluation评估marking criteria评分标准feedback反馈oral / written test口(笔)试placement test分级考试LIBRARYLoansreference book 参考书fiction小说textbooks 教材periodical期刊current / back issue 现(过)刊journal 学术期刊newspaper(papers)报纸(local, national) magazine杂志category 种类publisher出版人,出版方press出版社author作者multimedia materials多媒体资料audio-visual materials 音像材料video录像cassette磁带tape录像带Procedureborrowing/loan period借阅期限due date还书日overdue 过期fines 罚款renew 续借recall 预借FacilitiesCD-ROM 只读光盘database 数据库Internet access网络接入laptop 笔记本电脑scanner扫描仪photocopier复印机laser printer激光打印机microscope显微镜COLLEGE FACILITIESequipment room器材室media room媒体室resources room资源室computer center计算机中心laboratory实验室main hall大厅,礼堂lecture room阶梯教室lecture theater演讲厅drama theater剧院halls of residence宿舍living quarters居住区student health center医务室insurance center保险中心refectory自助餐厅canteen自助餐厅cafeteria自助餐厅dining room食堂diner饭馆nursery托儿所child care centre托儿所counseling center咨询中心雅思听力·场景词汇Lectures ECONOMICSoverheads经费outlay经费investment投资capital资本strike罢工takeover收购issue发行stock股票share股份stock market股市market share市场份额outlet商店chain连锁retail零售wholesale批发distributer分销商marketing市场营销campaign战略advertising广告sales销售额profit利润product产品production生产manufacture生产manufacturer出厂商storehouse/warehouse仓库competition竞争cooperation合作interest rates利率training培训favorable terms优惠的条款innovation创新outdated落后的machinery机器(总称)management team/ layers管理层employer雇主employee雇员staff员工applicant申请者corporate公司organization组织corporate crime集团犯罪embezzlement盗用,侵吞fraud诈骗import进口export出口BIOLOGYspecies物种sub-species亚种gene pool基因库ancestor祖先descend传承breed繁殖rear养育extinction灭绝endanger濒危threaten威胁eradicate灭绝infest感染introduced animals外来动物wildlife reserve野生动物保护区nature reserve自然保护区sanctuary 保护区refuge保护区habitat栖息地prohibit禁止quarantine service检疫局creature生物parasite寄生虫mite(s) 螨pest害虫insect昆虫honey bee蜜蜂reptile爬行动物snake蛇dinosaur恐龙mammal哺乳动物lion狮子whale鲸鱼dolphin海豚shark鲨鱼kiwi几维鸟emus鸸鹋ostrich鸵鸟penguin企鹅pollinate授粉flora植物群sting(昆虫)叮咬sense of smell嗅觉vision视觉,视野eye-sight 视力skeleton骨骼limbs四肢hoof蹄子horn角hair/fur皮毛skin/hide兽皮leather皮革mane鬃毛pouch育儿袋scale鱼鳞tail尾巴fin(s)鱼鳍beak喙feather羽毛wings翅膀flightless不会飞的chick雏鸟hatch孵化pellet(s)坚硬小球,团粒AGRICULTUREproduce农产品livestock牲畜poultry家禽fishstock养鱼业cattle牛群herd(兽)群crops农作物cereal crops谷物wheat小麦barley大麦grain谷粒farmland农地plough犁;耕地cultivation耕作husbandry农业,耕作animal husbandry畜牧irrigation灌溉pot罐子pottery陶器clay粘土stone age石器时代Neolithic新石器时代的hunter-gatherer狩猎和采集者dwellings居住地dweller居民inhabitant居民craftsman工匠carpenter木匠merchant商人money-lender借贷者water wheel水车water mill水磨坊quarry采石场cottage农舍stables马厩iron forge打铁铺,锻铁厂furnace熔炉grinding shop磨坊雅思听力·场景词汇engine room发动机房steam engine蒸汽机industry工业ENVIRONMENTincineration plants垃圾焚化场landfill sites垃圾填埋场carbon dioxide emission二氧化碳排放greenhouse effect温室效应greenhouse gas温室气体fuel燃料coal煤firewood柴火fossil fuels矿物燃料carbon fuelsrecycling回收再利用household waste家庭垃圾soil conditioner土壤调节剂recycling containers回收容器raw materials原始材料virgin materials原材料drop-off sites回收站bring banks回收银行toughened glass强化玻璃plastic bags塑料袋water filtration水处理fiberglass manufacture玻璃纤维制造crushed glass碎玻璃polystyrene cups聚苯乙烯杯子temperature温度humid潮湿humidity潮湿landscape风景,地形vegetation植被climate change气候变化windy有风的inland内陆的shady有树荫的evaporate蒸发leaf叶子gust阵风;狂风canyon峡谷ocean currents洋流GEOGRAPHYgeographical features地理特征physical features物理特征dome穹顶census人口普查impact of tourism旅游业影响surface地表Earth地球Planet行星desert沙漠monoliths巨石spires尖顶hectares公顷caves洞穴drought干旱rainwater雨水vegetation植被wildlife野生动物shallow-rooted species浅根物种fossil化石territory领地outcrop露出地面的岩层plain平原plateau(x)高原cliff悬崖landscape地形erode腐蚀sandstone砂岩aboriginal土著的two-dimensional二维的lifestyle生活方式density密度myths and legends神话和传说dynamic(人或事物)相互作用的方式cause and effect因果关系technology技术pattern模式monitor监查interact互动migration迁移traffic density交通密度population density人口密度ocean floor海床landsat= landsatellite 大地卫星satellite卫星distortion扭曲aerial空气的CHEMISTRYcarbon dioxide二氧化碳ozone臭氧metal金属iron铁mineral矿物质nutrition营养物salinity盐分carbohydrate碳水化合物amino acid氨基酸protein蛋白质vitamin维生素cholesterol胆固醇bitterness苦味sourness酸味kilocalorie千卡metabolism新陈代谢photosynthesis光合作用fossil化石toxin毒素MSG (Monosodium Glutamate)味精digest消化indigestible无法消化的。
剑桥雅思4Test4听力Section4答案+解析剑桥雅思4Test4听力Section 4答案+解析谈话场景:学术报告。
人物身份:主讲人为海洋动物专家。
谈话话题:介绍澳大利亚鲨鱼的有关信息,其长度、重量、觅食习惯等,以及澳大利亚政府为防止鲨鱼攻击人类所采取的措施交际与语言表达1. 这部分讲述的是关于澳大利亚鲨鱼的场景,涉及到鲨鱼的生活习性、特征以及捕鲨网的来历和用途。
2. “sharks vary in weight with size and breed…”鲨鱼的体重因大小和种类而不同。
动词“vary”搭配介词“in”和“with”时,含义有区别,“vary in”表示“在……方面变化、不同”。
例如:Rooms vary in size and come equipped with hairdryers, television and telephone. 房间大小不同,均配有吹风机、电视和电话。
“vary with”表示“随着……变化而变化”,例如:Winds vary with time, altitude, and location. 风随时间、高度和位置的变化而变化。
3. “This is made possible by their fins, one set at the side and another set underneath the body, and the tail also helps the shark move forward quickly.”它的鳍使快速游动成为可能,一个在一边,另外一个在身体下面,它的尾巴有助于鲨鱼迅速向前移动。
“make possible”表示“使…变成可能”,例如:It is possible to make a hypothesis on the basis of this graph. 以这张图表为基础做出假设是可能的。
“move forward”表示“向前移动,向前发展”,例如:Only by showing mutual respect can we move forward together. 在互相尊重的基础上,我们才可并肩向前。
雅思剑桥4-8听力场景分布表J4T1J4T2J4T3SECTION1旅游场景日程安排住宿场景SECTION2旅游场景个人健康(压力)旅游场景SECTION3校园学习校园学习校园学习SECTION4环境(郊区)生活(犯罪现场)校园学习J7T1J7T2J7T3SECTION1旅游(咨询交通方式)保险(车)求职(职业中心)SECTION2生活(产品推荐)旅游日程安排(节日)SECTION3校园学习(讨论)校园生活(南极讨论)校园学习(海洋)SECTION4校园学习(实地考察)生活(左右撇)校园学习(酒店业分析)J4T4J5T1J5T2日程安排旅游咨询图书馆旅游场景生活(电视购物)日程安排(自行车赛)校园生活(课外研究)校园学习(选课)校园学习(辅导课)生活(澳洲鲨鱼)校园生活(课外研究)风土文化(科学家演讲)J7T4J8T1J8T2租房(寄宿家庭)日常生活(音乐节购票)日常生活(保险公司索赔)旅游场景校外生活(入馆参观)校外生活(公园介绍)校园学习(Presentation)校园学习(师生讨论)校园学习(研讨课)校园学习(味精)校园学习(学期第一节)校园学习(调查报告)J5T3J5T4J6T1购物(车)住宿(租赁中心)日程安排(俱乐部)校园生活(留学某校介绍)日程安排(足球比赛)旅游(剧场访谈)校园学习(写反馈)校园学习(商学院)选课(咨询课程)环保(介绍调研结果)新生入学(图书馆的使用)文化历史(伦敦社会历史)J8T3J8T4住宿(现场咨询)找工作(电话咨询)生活(广播预告+节目安排)环境(郊区改造)选课校园学习场景(对话讨论)校园学习(授课演讲)校园学习场景(考古讲座)J6T2J6T3J6T4日程安排(博物馆活动)生活(银行开户)日程安排(会议)旅游(咨询列车)旅游(访谈,剧院)日程安排(入职培训)校园学习(论文辅导)校园学习图书馆文化历史(电影史)文化历史(爱尔兰)校园学习(亚洲狮)。
雅思备考听力篇剑12 test 8 section 4 雅思听力高频词汇今天我们雅思备考听力篇的文章来研究剑12 test 8 section 4。
题型上来看,该部分由10道典型的个人信息填空题构成,有清晰的小标题和分论点。
场景上来看,这篇文章的内容为城市中的噪音,可以归类到与环境相关的话题中。
按照惯例,我们总结下其中出现的雅思听力高频词汇。
雅思听力高频词汇source 来源。
雅思听力偶尔会考到的一个单词,但频率不是特别高。
既可以表示某种东西的来源,也可以表示文章或者参考文献的来源。
neighbour 邻居。
没有固定的场景或者部分,通常出现在与租房或者环境相关的内容中。
需要注意它的英式拼写为neighbour,美式拼写为neighbor,两者都对。
issue 问题,(杂志的)一期。
两个意思都有可能作为填空题的答案出现。
表示问题时没有固定的场景,表示一期时则多出现在与图书馆相关的内容中。
stress 压力,强调。
表示压力的时候有可能作为填空题的答案,也有可能与pressure 同义替换。
表示强调的时候则多出现在听力原文中,与emphasis同义替换。
fountain 喷泉。
在雅思听力中基本都是作为填空题的答案进行考察,大多出现在文章来自雅思与旅游或者景点介绍相关的场景中。
questionnaire 调查问卷。
雅思听力section 3和section 4经常考察的研究方法之一。
除了它之外,大家还要掌握survey,interview,observation等单词。
architect 建筑师。
雅思听力section 2比较常见的单词,不过一般出现在听力原文或者题干中,很少作为答案出现。
engineer 工程师。
雅思听力经常考察的职业之一。
除了它之外,大家还要掌握lawyer (律师),dentist(牙医),nurse(护士)等词汇。
nature 自然,本质。
大多数同学都很熟悉“自然”这个意思,但它同时还可以表示物品或者事情的本质。
2. a sheet of paper3.an hour4.academic circle5.accidents6.accountable7.action plan8.administration officer9.advertisement10.advertising11.advisers12.age13.air pollution14.air pump15.Alaska16.American historyndmark18.angle19.animal20.animals’ behaviour21.antibiotics22.approval23.attach rings24.attachment25.attitude26.average readers27.award28.back wheel29.background30.bathroom31.be contaminated32.big company33.biological34.bitterness35.black velvet36.blood flow37.boats38.bones39.booklists40.bottom41.brain42.branches43.bridge44.building material46.buried47.bus48.business49.business card50.by railway track51.camel52.camera53.candle54.car park55.carbon dioxide56.case study57.central58.central part59.chain60.challenge61.changing behaviour62.cheaper63.checked64.cheese65.chemical66.chewing gum67.children and adults68.children’s education69.cigar70.cleaning materials71.cliffs72.climate73.close down74.clothing sector75.coast76.coastal cities77.collection78.colourbinationmonmon residencemunicationmunication technologymunitymuterplex87.concentration88.conference centre89.confidence90.considerably reduce91.container92.convenient93.cooking94.cooperative loan95.copy96.corn97.corrupt98.cost99.cost effective100.count101.creation102.credit card103.crimes104.crisis105.crocodiles106.crops107.cross passages 108.culture109.customers110.cut and folded 111.cut and cover112.cutting their food 113.dam114.dangerous115.dark and light 116.dark blue117.decision118.decline again119.decoration120.delicate121.department building 122.depression123.depth124.desert125.destroy126.detail127.develop disease 128.die129.digital storage system 130.diploma in nursing 131.direct132.disappear133.distribution134.do exercise135.dome136.downhill137.drop-off138.dry139.eat140.eat harmful insects 141.eating pattern142.economic and logistic 143.economycation145.electricity146.energy147.engine148.England149.entertainment150.equipment151.establishment of countries 152.everything153.evolution154.exhibition155.expected duration156.expensive157.exploration158.facilities159.factory160.faculty161.family162.family relationship 163.farming164.farming product165.fear166.fed167.feed168.feel/fall169.fifth taste170.finance171.financial market172.finding a job173.figures174.fire175.fish176.flexible177.flourish ?178.flower taste179.food intake180.food price181.form182.formal meeting183.four decades184.freedom185.from a distance186.fruit trees187.fully grown188.fur trade189.further training190.depth191.garbage192.gender193.general election194.general English practice 195.general health196.germ197.gift198.glass199.global prospective 200.gold201.good eyesighternmenternment policy 204.grain pattern205.grass206.grey207.ground208.group209.guide210.half human211.hall212.hall of residence 213.harmful to humans 214.health215.health department 216.Health International 217.healthy218.hearing219.heat220.herbivorous221.herd222.high temperature 223.home224.honey225.hospitals226.hotel227.house228.huge increase 229.humid230.hunting231.hurt232.ice233.illegal profit 234.city235.image236.important237.impossible 238.in full239.incineration plant 240.India and Canada 241.individual242.individualrmation sector 244.innate capacity 245.innovation 246.insect247.institute248.intact249.integrate250.intelligence 251.interests252.intermediate 253.internal clock 254.interview parents 255.interviews 256.investigation 257.investigator 258.irrigation259.isolation260.issue261.Japanese262.jaw263.joke264.key265.kill whaleboratoryck of space rge scale housing ser printing 270.leader271.leaf272.leak273.learn274.learning difficulty 275.leather276.lecture room 277.less effort278.level279.license280.life cycle281.literature282.local media283.lock284.lord mayor285.lose monopoly 286.loss of soil287.loud noises288.low289.low nutrition 290.low risk investment 291.machine292.magic293.make a fire294.mammals295.manufacture 296.market297.market research 298.marketing299.mass media 300.master’s degree 301.mathematics 302.maturity303.meat304.medicine305.meet306.men307.mental308.mental ability309.metal310.migration patterns 311.mineral312.mineral soil313.mission statement 314.model315.module technology 316.money317.money lender318.money management 319.monitor320.mood321.morality322.more costly323.most experienced 324.mud325.museum326.national park327.native328.natural subject 329.negative effect 330.nestwork332.non-active333.North Africa334.North London 335.not enough sleep 336.note the sex337.nursing care338.ocean339.oil340.olive tree/olive oil 341.one or two ideas 342.one third343.on-line games 344.on-line service 345.on-line shopping anization347.outcomes348.outside the capital 349.oven350.oxygen351.pal group relationship 352.paper jam353.parental teaching 354.parent355.parking356.pay attention357.pencil358.people359.performance360.perfume361.permits362.personal363.personality364.philosopher365.photographs366.plan367.plants368.plastic369.plate370.polish car371.polished372.politics373.polluted374.population of immigrant 375.postal survey376.poverty377.precious stones378.presentation379.private property380.problem-solving skills 381.problems and needs 382.procedure383.processing384.productivity385.profit386.public awareness 387.public transport388.public utilities389.pure390.qualification391.questionnaire392.railway line393.rainfall394.random395.read your speech 396.reading difficulty397.real purchasing power 398.recorder399.recovery400.recreation401.reform402.reinforced403.relationship404.release405.relieve406.religions407.reproduce408.research assistant 409.resistance410.resources411.responsibility412.restrictions413.rice414.road415.frog416.Romans417.room418.rose419.royal420.rubber421.rubber blanket 422.rubbish423.rules424.running tunnels 425.rural426.rush427.safe and reliable 428.safer429.safety430.salt431.salts432.sandglass433.scarce434.scent435.school436.scientists437.scores438.Scotland439.sea440.sea level441.searching for food 442.seasonal443.seasoned444.seeds445.selection446.self-centred447.self defense448.self evaluation449.sense of smell450.sensible exercise 451.shady452.shame453.sheep and cattle 454.shellfish455.ship building456.ships457.shopping centre 458.silver459.size460.skill461.skin462.slaves463.small scale464.small stones465.smaller areas466.smells467.smoother468.social activities 469.social matter470.social skills471.social worker472.soft sediment473.soil container474.soil damage475.solar power476.south477.South Africa478.southeast Asia479.space480.Spanish481.special offers482.specialized knowledge 483.speed484.spider486.square487.start to fly488.stations489.stings490.stomach and heart 491.storehouses and temples 492.strategies493.street children494.streets and roads 495.strict control496.structure497.submit question498.sufficient details 499.sugar500.summer501.sun’s positions502.sunlight503.support service504.symbol of progress 505.tail506.take a risk507.take a photo508.takes509.tape measure510.tax511.teaching children 512.technical513.teeth514.telephone survey 515.temperature516.temple walls517.tent518.the big toe519.the ground520.the old library521.the unemployed522.the whole building 523.they do well524.3-field methods525.tides526.time527.today528.tones530.too slow531.toothache532.touching rocks533.touring534.tower535.trace536.traffic537.traffic flow538.transport539.tutor540.tutorial system541.type of rock542.unaware543.uncomfortable544.under stress545.unhealthy life style 546.unhealthy diet547.university548.unsocial hours549.urban areasAe of landeless553.varies554.vary555.village556.visual aids557.vitamin A558.volcanic dust559.vote right560.volcanoes561.warming and air pollution 562.washing563.waste disposal564.water565.water pipe566.water tank567.wealth568.wealthy people569.weeds570.Western Europe571.wetlands572.winds and water573.wind blowing 574.windy 575.words 576.workforce 577.young。
雅思听力·场景词汇Survival ScenarioHOUSE-RENTINGflat / apartment 公寓 studioapartment 单身公寓 single room 单人间 twin room 双人间(两个床)triple room 三人间Diet refreshments/ snack 点心special food / dietary requirement对于食物特殊要求food allergies/ be allergic to 对⋯食物过敏vegetarian 素食主义者 seafood 海鲜Facility / Equipment / Apparatus 设备living room 客厅 dining room 饭厅kitchen 厨房 kitchen-diner bathroom卫生间 garden 花园 yard 庭院cloakroom 衣帽间 study 书房 garage车库 car park 停车场 lift 电梯 firegate/exit 紧急出口 air conditioner/ conditioning 空调 heating 取暖closed-circuit TV / videosurveillance 闭路电视 /监控系统TRAVELLINGTravel arrangement travel agency 旅行社 tour guide 导游 guided tours 带导游的旅行 reserve/reservation 预定 book/booking 预定recreation/ entertainment/ leisure 娱乐Tourist Attraction 旅游景点highlight 热点Peoplelandlord / landlady (女)房东 tenant 房客 agent/agency 中介 host family 接待家庭guest 客人 neighbour 邻居Fees rent 租金 deposit 押金utility bills 水电费 water / gas / electricity / telephone bill weekly/monthly 每周的 /每月的 refundable 可退回的insurance 保险 contract 合同,合约Location 位置 downtown / city centre 市中心 suburbs / outskirts 郊区 urban/rural area 市区 /郊县 north 北 , south 南 , east 东, west 西northwest 西北; southwest 西南 northeast 东北; southeast 东南 northern 北边的road/street/avenue 街道Accommodation 住宿 property 房产 guest house 招待所homestay 寄宿家庭rainforest 雨林 swamp / marsh 沼泽 wetland 湿地desert 沙漠 grassland 草原bush 灌木丛 waterfall 瀑布viewpoint 观景点,制高点viewing shelter 观景棚historic(al) interest 历史遗迹 castle 城堡 cathedral 大教堂 botanical garden 植物园 art gallery 画廊museum 博物馆 ancient temple 古寺 theme park 主题公园 organic farm 有机农场 aquarium 水族馆undersea worlds 海底世界amusement park 游乐园orchard 果园 beach /coast/ shore 沙滩、海滨hot spring 温泉 water mill 水力发电站 dock 港口 dam 水坝 footbridge 人行小桥Great Barrier Reef 大堡礁Stonehenge 巨石阵 Sydney Opera House 悉尼歌剧院Tower of London 伦敦塔Activities bushwalk 林中漫步 hiking 徒步旅行trekking 跋涉 camping 野营campsite 营地 cycling 骑自行车 rock climbing / cliff walks 攀岩Entertainment 娱乐musical instrument 乐器keyboard 键盘 piano 钢琴;pianist 钢琴家 string instrument 弦乐器 violin 小提琴; violinist 小提琴家 cello 大提琴; cellist 大提琴家 guitar 吉他;guitarist 吉他手 flute 笛子 drum 鼓 pop 流行音乐jazz 爵士乐 folk 民谣 easy listening 轻音乐 classical 古典音乐 live music 现场音乐 disco 跳舞厅 pub 酒吧clubhouse 会所 concerthall 音乐厅 opera house 歌剧院 karaoke bars 卡拉 OK concert 音乐会 cinema 电影院 Studio Theatre 演播剧场theatre 剧院 theatrical events 戏剧 theatrette 剧院 exhibition 展览department stores 百货商场Transportation vehicle 车辆 four-wheel drive 四驱车jeep 吉普车 minibus 中巴coach 长途客车 railway station 火车站 Central Station 中央车站 airport 机场 river cruise 游艇游览helicopter 直升飞机shuttle bus 班车 cab /taxi 计程车MEMBERSHIPCARmake 牌子 model 型号 manufacturer 厂商 engine size 排量 (litre 升 , cc) gear change 变速器 manual 手动挡 automatic 自动挡 top speed 最高速 part exchange 部分抵换 mileage 里程数 instrument panel 仪表盘 frame 车架 wheel (front, rear) 车轮(前轮,后轮) steering wheel 方向盘 car bumper 保险杠 insurance company 保险公司 Rolls-Royce 劳斯莱斯Divisionssports club 健身俱乐部 fitness centre 健身俱乐部 gym 健身房 reception 前台locker room 更衣室 keep-fit studio 健身室 dance studio 舞蹈教室 tennis court 网球场 swimming pool 游泳池 salad bar 沙拉吧utility bills (water, electricity, phone, gas) 水电费账单reference letter from employer 雇主证明信joining fee 入会费 annual fee 年费 Staff receptionist 前台接待人员 coach/trainer 教练 instructor 指导教练 dietician 饮食专家 internal member 内部人员 external member 外部人员 Registration application form 申请表 reference number 档案号 passport photo 护照照片 documents for ID/ ID card 证明文件 driver 's license 驾照 passport 护照 student card 学生证 bank statement 银行对账单SportsTEAM SPORTS soccer/ football 足球 beach volleyball 沙滩排球 basketball 篮球baseball 棒球 hockey 曲棍球 handball 手球 BALL GAMES golf 高尔夫 badminton 羽毛球 table tennis 乒乓球 RACKET BALL tennis 网球 squash 壁球EXERCISE boxing 拳击 kick-boxing 搏击 judo 柔道 yoga 瑜伽jogging 慢跑 aerobics 有氧运动 stretch class 拉伸运动Paymentcash 现金 check(cheque) 支票credit card 信用卡(VISA, MASTER, American Express)Currencyforeign currency 外汇exchange rate 汇率 pound £dollar $euro ?Opening an account current account 活期账户 deposit account 定期账户 joint account 联合账户BANKINGinstant account 速成账户 select account 高级账户 opening sum 开户额 identity security身份认证 bankstatement 银行对账单Transaction deposit 存款 withdraw(withdrawal) 取款overdraft/ overdraw 透支 balance 余额interest 利息 interestrate 利率 teller 出纳transfer 转账 loan 贷款Academic Scenario COURSE DELIVERYFaculty 师资 tutor 导师 lecturer 讲师 convenor 老师 counselor 顾问principal 校长 director 主任 staff 员工Sessions enroll 报名参加 session (一节)课 tutorial 辅导课 lecture 讲座 seminar 研讨会 group discussion 小组讨论 workshop 讨论会diploma course 文凭课程 modular course 模块课程 training session 培训课程 refresher course 补习课程intensive course 强化课程 studies 研究 semester/term 学期 course outline 课程大纲 handout(s)讲义orientation week 学习指导周(开学第一周)SubjectBiology 生物Biophysics 生理 Cartography 绘图法Economics 经济学 Education 教育Finance 金融 Geography 地理Mathematics 数学 Marketing 市场Politics 政治 Sociology 社会学Statistics 统计学 Social Science 社会科学 Topography 地形学CoursesAdvanced English Studies 高级英语研究 General English 普通英语Academic English 学术英语 Gender Studies 性别研究Second Language Acquisition 第二语言习得Education primary school 小学secondary school 初中 undergraduate 本科 postgraduate 研究生 Bachelor 学士 Master 硕士 Doctor 博士Countries, regions and LanguagesAustraliaQueenslandNew South WalesPortugueseSpanishLatin AmericaASSIGNMENTCoursework assignment 作业 essay 论文 report 报告 case study 案例分析project 项目 presentation 演示,报告 dissertation 学位论文 experiment 实验 written work 书面作业Requirements deadline 最后期限extension 延期 submit/hand in 上交length/word limit 篇幅 /字数限制title 标题 chapter/section 章,节bibliography 参考书目 draft 初稿typos 拼写错误 layout 排版 contents page 目录 subheadings 副标题formatting 格式 numbering 编码 page numbers 页码 headers 页眉footers 页脚 bullet points 要点列举Methodology study 研究 branch 分支identify 鉴定,验明 research 研究investigation 调查 survey 调查data, statistics, figure 数据 main methods:1)questionnaire 问卷调查 responserate 回复率2)Interview 采访 telephoneinterview 电话采访 face-to-face interview 面对面的采访 *tapedinterview 录音采访3)observation 观察Assessment review 批改 evaluation 评估 marking criteria 评分标准feedback 反馈 oral / written test 口(笔)试 placement test 分级考试LIBRARYLoansreference book 参考书 fiction 小说textbooks 教材 periodical 期刊current / back issue 现(过)刊journal 学术期刊 newspaper(papers) 报纸 (local, national) magazine 杂志 category 种类publisher 出版人,出版方 press 出版社author 作者multimedia materials 多媒体资料audio-visual materials 音像材料video 录像cassette 磁带tape 录像带Procedure borrowing/loan period due date 还书日 overdue 过期 fines 罚款renew 续借recall 预借FacilitiesCD-ROM 只读光盘database 数据库Internet access 网络接入 laptop笔记本电脑scanner 扫描仪photocopier复印机laser printer 激光打印机 microscope 显微镜COLLEGE FACILITIESequipment room 器材室media room 媒体室resources room 资源室computer center 计算机中心 laboratory 实验室main hall 大厅,礼堂lecture room 阶梯教室lecture theater 演讲厅drama theater 剧院halls of residence 宿舍living quarters 居住区student health center借阅期限医务室 insurance center 保险中心 refectory 自助餐厅 canteen 自助餐厅cafeteria 自助餐厅dining room 食堂 diner 饭馆 nursery 托儿所child care centre 托儿所 counseling center 咨询中心LecturesECONOMICSoverheads 经费manufacture 生产outlay 经费manufacturer 出厂商investment 投资storehouse/warehouse 仓库capital 资本competition 竞争strike 罢工cooperation 合作takeover 收购interest rates 利率issue 发行training 培训stock 股票favorable terms 优惠的条款share 股份innovation 创新stock market 股市outdated 落后的market share 市场份额machinery 机器(总称)outlet 商店management team/ layers 管理层chain 连锁employer 雇主retail 零售employee 雇员wholesale 批发staff 员工distributer 分销商applicant 申请者marketing 市场营销corporate 公司campaign 战略organization 组织advertising 广告corporate crime 集团犯罪sales 销售额embezzlement 盗用,侵吞profit 利润fraud 诈骗product 产品import 进口production 生产export 出口BIOLOGYspecies 物种wildlife reserve 野生动sub-species 亚种nature reserve 自然保护区gene pool 基因库sanctuary 保护区ancestor 祖先refuge 保护区descend 传承habitat 栖息地breed 繁殖prohibit 禁止rear 养育quarantine service 检疫局extinction 灭绝endanger 濒危creature 生物threaten 威胁parasite 寄生虫eradicate 灭绝mite(s) 螨infest 感染pest 害虫introduced animals 外来动物insect 昆虫skeleton 骨骼 limbs 四肢 hoof 蹄子 horn 角 hair/fur 皮毛 skin/hide 兽皮 leather 皮革 mane 鬃毛 pouch 育儿袋scale 鱼鳞 tail 尾巴 fin(s) 鱼鳍beak 喙 feather 羽毛 wings 翅膀 flightless 不会飞的 chick 雏鸟 hatch 孵化 pellet(s) 坚硬小球,团粒 AGRICULTUREstone age 石器时代 Neolithic 新石器时代的 hunter-gatherer 狩猎和采集者 dwellings 居住地 dweller 居民 inhabitant 居民 craftsman 工匠 carpenter 木匠 merchant 商人 money-lender 借贷者water wheel 水车 water mill 水磨坊 quarry 采石场 cottage 农舍 stables 马厩 iron forge 打铁铺,锻铁厂 furnace 熔炉 grinding shop 磨坊honey bee 蜜蜂 reptile 爬行动物 snake 蛇dinosaur 恐龙 mammal 哺乳动物 lion 狮子 whale 鲸鱼 dolphin 海豚 shark 鲨鱼 kiwi 几维鸟 emus 鸸鹋 ostrich 鸵鸟 penguin 企鹅 pollinate 授粉 flora 植物群sting (昆虫)叮咬 sense of smell 嗅觉 vision 视觉,视野 eye-sight 视力produce 农产品 livestock 牲畜 poultry 家禽fishstock 养鱼业 cattle 牛群 herd (兽)群 crops 农作物 cereal crops 谷物 wheat 小麦 barley 大麦 grain 谷粒 farmland 农地 plough 犁;耕地 cultivation 耕作 husbandry 农业,耕作 animal husbandry 畜牧 irrigation 灌溉 pot 罐子 pottery 陶器 clay 粘土雅思听力·场景词汇Monique Xuengine room 发动机房 steam engine 蒸汽机ENVIRONMENTGEOGRAPHYgeographical features 地理特征 physical features 物理特征 dome 穹顶 census 人口普查 impact of tourism 旅游业影响 surface 地表Earth 地球 Planet 行星 desert 沙漠 monoliths 巨石 spires 尖顶 hectares 公顷 caves 洞穴 drought 干旱 rainwater 雨水vegetation 植被 wildlife 野生动物shallow-rooted species 浅根物种 fossil 化石 territory 领地 outcrop 露出地面的岩层 plain 平原 plateau(x) 高原 cliff 悬崖 landscape 地形 erode 腐蚀 sandstone 砂岩 aboriginal 土著的 two-dimensional 二维的 lifestyle 生活方式 density 密度 myths and legends 神话和传说 dynamic (人或事物)相互作用的方式 cause and effect 因果关系industry 工业 incineration plants 垃圾焚化场 landfill sites 垃圾填埋场 carbon dioxide emission 二氧化碳排放 greenhouse effect 温室效应 greenhouse gas 温室气体 fuel 燃料 coal 煤 firewood 柴火 fossil fuels 矿物燃料 carbon fuels recycling 回收再利用 household waste 家庭垃圾 soil conditioner 土壤调节剂recycling containers 回收容器 raw materials 原始材料 virgin materials 原材料 drop-off sites 回收站 bring banks 回收银行 toughened glass 强化玻璃plastic bags 塑料袋 water filtration 水处理 fiberglass manufacture 玻璃纤维制造 crushed glass 碎玻璃polystyrene cups 聚苯乙烯杯子 temperature 温度 humid 潮湿 humidity 潮湿 landscape 风景,地形 vegetation 植被 climate change 气候变化 windy 有风的 inland 内陆的 shady 有树荫的 evaporate 蒸发 leaf 叶子 gust 阵风;狂风 canyon 峡谷 ocean currents 洋流雅思听力·场景词汇Monique Xupopulation density 人口密度 ocean floor 海床 landsat= landsatellite 大地卫星satellite 卫星 distortion 扭曲 aerial 空气的CHEMISTRYcholesterol 胆固醇 bitterness 苦味 sourness 酸味kilocalorie 千卡 metabolism 新陈代谢 photosynthesis 光合作用 fossil 化石 toxin 毒素 MSG (Monosodium Glutamate) 味精 digest 消化 indigestible 无法消化的technology 技术 pattern 模式 monitor 监查 interact 互动 migration 迁移 traffic density 交通密度carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 ozone 臭氧 metal 金属 iron 铁 mineral 矿物质 nutrition 营养物 salinity 盐分carbohydrate 碳水化合物 amino acid 氨基酸 protein 蛋白质 vitamin 维生素。
Test No.C4T1 /C4T2 /C4T3 /C4T4城市与树的讲座公司犯罪学生对建筑方案的意见澳大利亚的鲨鱼和防鲨鱼项目C5T1 /C5T2 /C5T3 /C5T4女性对财产的管理南极考察生活废物循环利用讲座图书馆介绍C6T1 /C6T2 /C6T3 /C6T4伦敦的社会史电影的历史爱尔兰新石器时代历史Asiatic狮子的历史C7T1 /C7T2 /C7T3 /C7T4考古学野外考察介绍左右手使用偏好旅游与旅馆档次谷氨酸钠历史与使用C8T1 /C8T2 /C8T3 /C8T4地理学科介绍社会调查汇报商业学榜样的坏处澳大利亚原住民石刻艺术枝叶挡窗:branches blocking windows南极考察生活南极洲:continent Antarctica/remote,hostile and at present uninhabited/a wilderness of great beauty/place of extremesThe ice-capIcebergWith very low snowfall,most of the continent technically falls unbelievably into the category of desert研究站:research stations/summer-only station,all-year-round stationSelf-contained communities带给我们:brought to us on large sledges from a ship由于承担太重而坍塌:crushed by weight极地气候:polar climate沉重的体力劳动:heavy physical work野外劳动的食物配给:rations for field work provide maximum energy,but they must also be compact and light for easy transport冷冻干燥制作的咖啡:coffee processed by freeze-drying,which preserves the quality of the food product while making a large saving in weight早期南极探险者并没有那么幸运:it wasn't available to earlier polar explorers对他们的健康不够:commonly insufficient for their health科学的魅力:being at the cutting edge of science has a special appeal for everyone working in Antarctica,in whatever capacity.海洋生物学家:marine biologist海洋的海浪:ocean currents臭氧空洞:the hole in the ozone layer above Antarctica is an indicator of global ultra-violet radiation levels冰川内的气泡:the bubbles in the ice-sheet itself provide an index of pollution because the frozen inside them are samples of previous atmosphere over the past500.000years需要绘制地图的人:vacancies for map-makers请抓住机会:please take p these opportunities in this fascinating continent废物循环利用讲座这比其他欧洲国家低:this is a lower figure than in most other European countries政府要达标:the government is going to meet its recycling targets/agreed targets从原材料开始制作:produce them from virgin materials减少温室气体:reduce greenhouse gas emissions from landfill sites and incineration plants这种情况总在发生:things happened over and over again垃圾丢弃出:drop-off sites垃圾分拣:bring banks for sorting and baling into loads用于炊具的加厚玻璃在其他玻璃融化时,它未融化:the toughened glass used for cooking doesn't fully melt at the temperature required for other glasses玻璃利于循环利用:glass is easy to recycle because it can be reused over and over again without becoming weaker奇怪的是:oddly enoughFibreglass manufacture and water filtration排名第二:Britain comes second in Europe with40%,behind Germany's amazing70%质量问题:quality problem办公室文具:office stationeryCar bumerThe vending卖方Polystyrene cup图书馆介绍好好利用图书馆:use the library effectivelyMuddle people电子文档:computer literature永远在线:library computers are permanently online在计算机上保存:save texts on your personal computer space to print off when you need以较少的钱提供更好的服务:we can expand what we offer you at very little extra cost and save us having to invest in more and more books最终不再使用它:the intention is to phase these out eventuallyYou will still be able to print off a version of the next rather than photocopying the journal pages 借书时间的限制:restricted loan time分类主管:section manager找不到:get stuck in looking for it分类助力:cataloguing assitantOversee your inductionIe书单Bibliography草稿Draft version伦敦的社会史East End:the area by the river Thames(times),and along the road heading north-east from London to the coast20世纪前半期:in the first half of the twentieth century在5世纪初之后:at the beginning of the fifth century,and from then onwards the country suffered a series of invasions by tribes from present-day Germany and Denmark,the Angles,Saxons and Jutes金属和羽毛制品:metal and leather goods准确的说:to be precise新来者:newcomers商人和借贷者:merchants and money-lenders新船坞启动:the first dock was dug使***成为世界交易中心:make the East End the focus of massive international trade经济上遭受损失:suffer economically单独的半荒之地:separate,semi-rural settlements没有住地:a shortage of accommodation雇佣的主力:become main source of employment能走的都走了,剩下的极度贫穷:those who could afford in more pleasant surroundings movedout,and the area became one where the vast majority of people lived in extreme poverty卫生条件极差:suffered from appalling sanitary conditions爱尔兰新石器时代历史捕猎采摘经济:Hunter-gatherer economy which existed beforehand was based on small scattered groups耕作经济:farming economy was introduced in Ireland证据并不多:the evidence doesn't really add up欧洲大陆:continental Europe是野生的种群的后代:descended from the native wild species皮包船运输家畜:skin-covered boast to transport livestocks如此小的容量:The sheer volume of animal transportWheat and barleyA cereal grain accidentally became embedded in the surface of a pot砍伐森林:clear the forest用犁开垦地:break the ground by ploughing石头犁:the stone blade of a plough has been discovered during the excavation in County Mayo in western Ireland犁锋:the blade of the plough犁身:the body of plough would have been wood由人或牛驾驭:the body of plough could have been drawn by people.But it's also that cattle were used耕作:the cultivation of crops/家畜饲养:the husbandry of livstock***给生活带来改变:brought about changes in people's lifestyles永久的住所:permanent dwelling石斧:the stone axe were far superior to XXX用于砍树建房的:chop down trees to make these dwellings石斧制造厂:Axe factory小作坊:quarries/quarry site石斧磨制:the axe chipped into shape,they need water and sand for grinding and polishing海边有充足的证据:ample evidence of this at coastal sites殖民者:Colonizer陶器的制作方法:the pottery was made by shaping clay into a ball with the hand and then hollowing it until the walls were the right thickness.After firing,the outside was often polished.盛水:this would have helped the pots to retain water,as they weren't glazed小规模制造:manufacture was on a fairly small scale,even though thousands of fragments are usually found at Neolithic sites一系列的线条:a series of stitches this could have been an imitation of earlier vessels which were made of leather sewn onto woodAsiatic狮子的历史大多数人持有错误的想法,但是这是可以原谅的,但是事实并非如此:Most people think that lions only come from Africa.And you would be forgiven for thinking this,because in fact most lions do come from Africa.But this hasn't always been the case.狮子在世界各地活动:lions roaming vast sections of the globe希腊硬币Greek coinsMane皮肤褶皱:Long fold of skin on their undersides平方千米:square kilometres一直存在的疾病威胁:ever-present danger of disease杀死了1/3:kill more than a third of由于有限的基因库,故而易于患病:be vulnerable because they have a limited gene pool/vulnerability狮子并不是唯一的主人:The asiatic lions don't have the Gir Sanctuary to themselves.I have it to myself分量很重:a significant proportion of the diet is made up of livestock of the farmers as much as a third干旱时节:times of drought对领导力的检测:tests of leaderships与狮子博斗:fight a lion考古学野外考察介绍纳米比亚Namibia接受资助:receive partial research funding for this tripRock artPaintings and engravings教会孩子走路This rock art was like a school book with pictures to teach children about tracks另一个问题:Mystery智人:Wise man不是故意的:unintentional远观而不可亵玩:observing at a distance instead of walking over it to reduce visitor pressure不尊重:disrespectful一瞬间毁掉千年的文物:can destroy in a moment what has lasted for centuries不要搬动以照相:don't even move rocks or branches to take photographs不要逞英雄:no heroics in Namibia左右手使用偏好使我不想阅读:put me off from reading被吸引:become stuck by sheer volume of......我觉得很有道理:I felt persuaded that在弱项上努力:work on their week side一些变量:a number of variable乐器演奏者:键盘:keyboard player had high levels of mixed handedness弦乐:string player(cellist,violinists)strongly favored one hand猩猩抓蚂蚁吃:apes get a large proportion of their food by fishing ants from ant hills LateralityRacket sports:like tennis/补救:make correction体操运动员:gymnastics旅游与旅馆档次想想这个情景:consider the following scenario因为时差头晕脑胀:disoriented most probably from jet lag奢华旅馆:opulent and luxurious hotels连锁酒店:part of large chains周围的环境空旷而:the most surroundings can seem empty and dispiritingThey investigated chic so-called boutique hotels in the heart of downtown business districts Stately mansions located in the depths of beautiful countrysidePlush hotels built at the edge of tropical beaches surrounded by palm trees and idyllic blue ocean.这是一个奇妙的联系:this is a fascinating revelationSubjective idea商业旅馆:Those in the business travel industry maintain that that serviced apartments dispense with all the unwanted and expensive hotel services that business travellers don't want,while maximising the facilities they do want.Sleek modern kitchenI want to consider the psychology underpinning the traditional holiday hotel industry.酒店业从业人员:hotelier人们想逃离平时的生活:people's need to escape the predictability of their everyday lives人们想被照顾的感觉:our need to be pampered and looked after放纵自己:indulge themselves小瓶的洗发水:miniscule bottles of shampoo经济旅馆:eco-hotels谷氨酸钠历史与使用谷氨酸钠:monosodium Glutamate is an amino acidCould be found naturally in all protein-containing foods调味剂:flavor enhencer日本人开始吃:Janpenese have incorporated a type of seaweed known as Kombu in their cooking四种味觉:we commonly talk of four tastes:sweet,sour,bitter and salt第五种味觉:MSG identifies this naturally occurring taste in some food他提醒我们蛋白质的存在:it signals to us the presence of protein in food地理学科介绍化石燃料:carbon fuel地图学:Cartography现实:practicality做一个调查:conduct a census卫星:satellite relaysHad pens and paper at their disposal地图提供信息:maps can be folded and put in a pocket and can provide a great store of reference when they're collected in an atlas将星球的特点标志在地图上:depict the physical features of the entire planet高空照片:aerial photography taken by cameras at hight altitudes above the earth卫星照片:Landsat生病的树:diseased trees社会调查汇报从事一般行业:work in general practice我与我的海外同行联系:I approached postgraduate in my field in overseas departments, contacting them by emails,to organize things for me at their end我募集帮助:I recruit help/give my helper clear instructions不在访问之列:should be excluded有工作的男人:focus on men who were in employment有工作的女人:employed women访谈录音:I could do taped interviews later on to counteract the effects我正在整理数据:I am collating the results now公共医疗:medical care is mainly the third level of care并不像媒体渲染的那样:Government reforms have been proposed at all levels and although their success is not guaranteed,long-term hospital care is in fact probably less of an issue thanthe media would have us believe深入研究:far-reaching research转而去少而大的医院:revert to fewer but larger key medical units不愿意正确回答:unwillingness to answer questions honestly我想错了:I was taken aback奇怪的事情:odd cases/bizarre接受访问者:subjects当进行到第二轮时打算推出:decided to pull out when it came to the second round想想未来以保持冷静:focus on the overall picture in order to stay calm接触危险物质:How much access he had to dangerous substances真开眼界:it is a real eye-opener商业学榜样的坏处拷贝自己的成功案例:copy their own best practice开展下属:manage a branch bank母公司:parent organization没有活力:it is a less glamorous activity than pure innovation利用现有的知识:utilise existing knowledge and not to generate new knowledge并未局限于美国:it certainly hasn't been confined to the United States绝大多数:overwhelming majority of许多研究证实:a host of studies confirm this商业场景:business settings were not really comparable支行:branch banks零售店:retail stores房产中介:real estate agencies工厂:factories**:call centre等等:name but a few给予人信任:place too much trust in the people找专家开始,使用他的大脑:start off by going to an expert,picking their brain过程各因素是相互交叉的:individual components of the process are interwoven with one another有全面的接触:have complete access to the necessary information专家没有意识到他们的无知:experts are usually not aware of their own ignorance***对其视而不见:are invisible to复制系统:set up a duplicate system to replicate a successful process这些修正可能能保证安全:the modifications might compromise safety in some way施加严控:exert strict controls内在的坚持:built-in consistency澳大利亚原住民石刻艺术真实和象征性的图像:real and symbolic images分类:Categorize the different artistic styles骨架式:They were painted in such a simple stick-like form变形:There was a movement away from stick figures to a more naturalistic shape现代的形象:Modern style,which is known as X ray because it actually makes a feature of the internal skeleton as well as the organs of animals and humans曲线型:Curvier figure:图形的大小:The more recent images tend to be life size or even larger,but the Dynamic figures are painted in miniature使我们惊讶:one image that has always intrigued us is known as the Rainbow Serpent蛇形:snake or serpent-like body奇怪的组合:curious mixture***时代与***时代相联系:The Yam period coincided with the end of the last ice age海平面上升逐渐侵蚀内陆:the sea levels rising and creeping steadily inland淹没大陆对传统生活方式造成毁灭性打击:this flooded many familiar land features and also caused a great deal of disruption to tranditional patterns of life新的海岸线形成/海底的东西被冲上岸:new shores were formed/different creatures would have washed up onto the shores将这种丰富与新特征相结合:linked this abundance to the new creatures。