春考模拟卷(一)
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2024年春考模拟题语文山东一、阅读理解(一)从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个最佳选项填空。
1. 假设李雷今年八岁,那么四年后李雷的年龄是____。
A. 10岁B. 12岁C. 14岁D. 16岁2. 下列词语中,属于近义词的是____。
A. 高兴、开心B. 美丽、丑陋C. 勇敢、懦弱D. 富有、穷困3. 下列词语中,属于反义词的是____。
A. 大、小B. 轻、重C. 高、低D. 美丽、漂亮4. 下列成语中,意思与“如鱼得水”最接近的是____。
A. 七嘴八舌B. 一拍两散C. 不耻下问D. 如鱼得水5. 下列词语中,错别字加点的是____。
A. 语言B. 财政C. 望远镜D. 女性(二)阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容回答问题。
龙华山是山东一座著名的风景区,每年都吸引了大批游客前来观光。
山上有一处叫做“仙人峰”的地方,传说有仙人曾在此居住。
山顶的风景更是美不胜收,站在山顶,可以一览众山之巅,感受大自然的壮丽。
许多文人雅士都在这里留下了吟诗作赋的足迹,使得龙华山成为了文化名山。
问题:1. 龙华山的仙人峰为什么吸引了游客?2. 有哪些文人雅士在龙华山留下了足迹?二、作文请根据以下提示,写一篇关于我最喜欢的课文的作文。
1. 作文要求内容具体、生动,结构完整,语言流畅;2. 你最喜欢的课文是什么,为什么喜欢这篇课文;3. 描写一下课文中你最喜欢的一段,为什么喜欢这一段。
以上为2024年春考模拟题语文山东的题目,希望能够帮助你进行练习,提升语文水平。
祝你取得好成绩!。
2023-2024学年山东省潍坊市高三上学期春季高考英语模拟试题本试卷分卷一(选择题)和卷二(非选择题)两部分,满分80分,考试时间60分钟。
考生请在答题卡上答题,考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
卷一(选择题,共55分)一、英语知识运用(本题25个小题,每小题1分,共25分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求,请将符合题目要求的选项字母代号选出,并填涂在答题卡上)1.-When did Mr. Smith arrive in Beijing?-He arrived there _________ the evening of March 30th.A. inB. onC. ofD. at2. -Shall we buy some cards for our teachers?-Why not make some by ourselves? It will be much ________.A. meaningfulB. more meaningfulC. most meaningfulD. the most meaningful3.-What do you think of the book?-Oh , excellent. It’s worth ________ a second time.A. to readB. to be readC. readingD. being read4.-Is there a grocery store near here?-Yes. Go straight ahead ________ you will see one on your right.A. andB. soC. butD. or5.The police ________ safety booklets to the children yesterday.A. gave outB. gave upC. gave inD. gave off6. His little brother ________ the Youth League for 2 years.A. joinedB. has joinedC. was inD. has been in7.-I wonder if you’d like to have dinner with us.-_________. But thanks anyway.A. I can’tB. Yes, I’d like toC. Sorry, I’m afraid I can’tD. Yes. What a pity8. -I’m going to Dalian to spend the holiday tomorrow.-________.A. CongratulationsB. That’s trueC. Have a good timeD. That’s nothing9.-Where is my coat?-__________.A. Here it isB. Here is itC. Here the coat isD. The coat here is10. Simple minutes(会议记录) _________ immediately after the meeting.A. should be produceB. should produceC. should producedD. should be produced11. -Sir, did you enjoy your stay in our ________?- Yes, I spent well and I liked the breakfast.A.hotelB. schoolC. factoryD. company12.-Chinese government has successfully stopped the virus from spreading in China. -________ proud we Chinese feel!A. What aB. How aC. WhatD. How13.As is known to all, oranges are ________ Vitamin(维生素)A.A. short ofB. poor inC. rich inD. good for14.-Did you notice_________in his office.-Yes, he was going over our homework.A. what Mr. Li was doingB. how was Mr. Li doingC. how Mr. Li was doingD. what was Mr. Li doing15.Tony along with his parents _______ a book every month.A. readB. readsC. lookD. looks16.-Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here?-No, it’s about ______.A.10 minutes walkB.10 minute’s walkC.10-minutes walkD.10 minutes’ walk17.I wonder _______ I could recognize him or not after so many years.A.whetherB.whereB.whereC.whyD.when18._______ of the students in our class _______ girls.A.Two third;areB.Two thirds;isC.Two thirds;isD.Two thirds;are19.-Why do you like the novel so much?- Because it is the best one _______ I have ever read.A. thatB. whichC.whoD. what20. -I can’t hear what the teacher said in class clearly.-_________.A. Neither can’t IB. Neither can IC. So I canD. So can I.21.There _______ a Chinese painting show at Shandong Museum next week.A. beB. will beC. haveD. will have22. I am cooking the meal ________ my mother told me.A. as ifB. asC. whatD. that23.-How long does it ________ to go to the railway station by bus?-About 30 minutes.A. spendB. costC. takeD. pay24.-__________?-He is helpful.A. What does John look likeB. What is John wearingC. How is John likeD. How do you like John25.-What did you do last night?-I was made ________ my homework.A. doB. to doC. doingD. does二、阅读理解(本题15个小题,每小题2分,共30分。
山东济南市春季高考第一次模拟考试(一模)语文试题及答案人教版高三总复习山东省春季高考模拟考试试题语文试题(一)本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第卷(非选择题)两部分。
满分120分,考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共50分)一、(20分,每小题2分)1.下列词语中,加点字的注音完全正确的一组是() 书斋中是宁静的,但这种宁静却又笼罩在节日的氤①氲(yūn)之中。
案头摆放上香②椽(yuán)、③佛(fú)手,发出淡淡的清香;瓶中插上几枝腊梅、绿萼,增添几分春意;几上置几盒水仙,平添清④供(gòng)的婀⑤娜(nà)。
幽香、冷香,透发着一元⑥肇(zhào)始的春消息,又是何等的越艳宜人。
A.①②⑥B.②③④C.①④⑥D.④⑤⑥2.下列句子中,没有错别字的一项是()A.驰骋寰宇的航天飞机,也可以因为一个油封橡皮圈的疏漏而凌空暴炸。
B.有人呢是苦心孤诣地精读,只读名门正派的书,立志成为通儒。
C.建国伊始,百废待兴,清华学子勇挑大粱,立下铮铮誓言。
D.风雨中,和寒流同呼吸,砥荡心中的污浊,造就古铜色的皮肤,才能长成参天大树。
3.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语,最恰当的一项是()①所有机票代售点,一律不得向旅客收取或收取手续费。
②我们这次到西藏,实地了拉萨地区藏族人民的生活情况。
③有的读者连这十首唐诗也不能逐一背诵,我恳求他们一定要把这十首唐诗背诵下来。
A.变相考查倘因此B.变相考察倘那么C.变向考察因为因此D.变向考查倘那么4.下列句子中标点符号的使用,正确的一项是()A.其他人的轻松自如,更衬托出我的窘迫来——而我却是为了放松才到这里来的。
B.孔子曰:“君子之德风,小人之德草”。
由此可知,“风化”的规律之一是“上行下效”。
C.无论是教孩子们阅读,写作,品茶,厨艺,还是教他们凝视新芽初绽……在她看来:这些技能或知识的获得都不是最终目的。
D.多美呀!这多姿多彩的秋天。
2024年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试数学冲刺卷(一)本试卷共4页,22小题,满分150分,考试用时90分钟。
注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自已的姓名和考生号、考场号和座位号写在答题卡上。
用2B 铅笔将试卷类型填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、选择题(本大题共12小题,每小题6分,共72分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.设集合{}2,0,1,2A =-,{}21B x x =-≤≤∣,则A B = ()A.{}2- B.{}1 C.{}2,0,1- D.{}0,1,22.已知角α的终边过点()1,2P -,则tan α等于()A.2B.2- C.12-D.123.下列函数中是减函数且值域为R 的是()A.1()f x x=B.1()f x x x=-C.()ln f x x= D.3()f x x=-4.不等式22150x x -++≤的解集为()A.532x x ⎧⎫-≤≤⎨⎬⎩⎭ B.52x x ⎧≤-⎨⎩或}3x ≥C.532x x ⎧⎫-≤≤⎨⎬⎩⎭ D.{3x x ≤-或52x ⎫≥⎬⎭5.化简:AB OC OB +-=()A.BAB.CAC.CBD.AC6.方程()234xf x x =+-的零点所在的区间为()A.()1,0- B.10,2⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭C.1,12⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭D.41,3⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭7.已知扇形的半径为1,圆心角为60 ,则这个扇形的弧长为()A.π6B.π3C.2π3D.608.把黑、红、白3张纸牌分给甲、乙、丙三人,则事件“甲分得红牌”与“乙分得红牌”是()A.对立事件B.互斥但不对立事件C.不可能事件D.必然事件9.要得到函数4y sinx =-(3π)的图象,只需要将函数4y sin x =的图象A.向左平移12π个单位 B.向右平移12π个单位C.向左平移3π个单位 D.向右平移3π个单位10.已知两条直线l ,m 与两个平面α,β,下列命题正确的是()A.若//l α,l m ⊥,则m α⊥ B.若//αβ,//m α,则//m βC .若//l α,//m α,则//l mD.若l α⊥,l //β,则αβ⊥11.已知函数()122,0,log ,0,x x f x x x ⎧≤⎪=⎨>⎪⎩则()()2f f -=()A.-2B.-1C.1D.212.已知37log 2a =,1314b ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,135log c =,则a 、b 、c 的大小关系为()A.a b c>> B.a c b >>C.b a c>> D.c b a>>二、填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题6分,共36分)13.已知i 是虚数单位,则复数4i1i-+的虚部为__________.14.函数51x y a -=+且((0a >且1a ≠)的图象必经过定点______________.15.如果函数()()sin 06f x x πωω⎛⎫=-> ⎪⎝⎭的最小正周期为2π,则ω的值为___________.16.已知圆柱的底面直径与高都等于球的直径,若该球的表面积为48π,则圆柱的侧面积为_____.17.某工厂生产甲、乙、丙、丁四种不同型号的产品,产量分别为200,400,300,100件,为检验产品的质量,现用分层抽样的方法从以上所有的产品中抽取60件进行检验,则应从丙种型号的产品中抽取___件.18.已知()f x 是定义在R 上的偶函数,当x ≥0时,()22xf x =-,则不等式()2f x ≤的解集是_______;三、解答题(本大题共4小题,第19~21题各10分,第22题12分,共42分.解答需写出文字说明,证明过程和演算步骤.)19.在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 的对边分别是,,a b c ,已知46,5,cos 5a b A ===-(1)求角B 的大小;(2)求三角形ABC 的面积.20.某大学艺术专业400名学生参加某次测评,根据男女学生人数比例,使用比例分配的分层随机抽样的方法从中随机抽取了100名学生,记录他们的分数,将数据分成7组:[)20,30,[)30,40,⋅⋅⋅,[]80,90,并整理得到如下频率分布直方图:(1)根据频率分布直方图估计分数的样本数据的70%分位数;(2)已知样本中有一半男生的分数不小于70,且样本中分数不小于70的男女生人数相等.试估计总体中女生的人数.21.某市出租车的票价按以下规则制定:起步公里为2.6公里,收费10元;若超过2.6公里的,每公里按2.4元收费.(1)设A 地到B 地的路程为4.1公里,若搭乘出租车从A 地到B 地,需要付费多少?(2)若某乘客搭乘出租车共付费16元,则该出租车共行驶了多少公里?22.如图,在三棱锥V-ABC 中,平面VAB ⊥平面ABC ,VAB 为等边三角形,AC BC ⊥,且,O,M 分别为AB,VA 的中点.(1)求证:VB //平面MOC ;(2)求三棱锥V-ABC 的体积.2024年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试数学冲刺卷(一)答案解析一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题6分,共72分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.设集合{}2,0,1,2A =-,{}21B x x =-≤≤∣,则A B = ()A.{}2- B.{}1 C.{}2,0,1- D.{}0,1,2【答案】C 【解析】【分析】根据集合交集运算求解即可.【详解】解:因为{}2,0,1,2A =-,{}21B xx =-≤≤∣,所以A B = {}2,0,1-故选:C2.已知角α的终边过点()1,2P -,则tan α等于()A.2 B.2- C.12-D.12【答案】B 【解析】【分析】由正切函数的定义计算.【详解】由题意2tan 21α==--.故选:B .3.下列函数中是减函数且值域为R 的是()A.1()f x x= B.1()f x x x=-C.()ln f x x= D.3()f x x=-【答案】D 【解析】【分析】由幂函数及对数函数的图象与性质即可求解.【详解】解:对A :函数()f x 的值域为()(),00,-∞⋃+∞,故选项A 错误;对B :函数()f x 为(),0∞-和()0,∞+上的增函数,故选项B 错误;对C :函数()ln ,0()ln ln ,0x x f x x x x >⎧==⎨-<⎩,所以()f x 在()0,∞+上单调递增,在(),0∞-上单调递减,故选项C 错误;对D :由幂函数的性质知()f x 为减函数且值域为R ,故选项D 正确;故选:D.4.不等式22150x x -++≤的解集为()A .532x x ⎧⎫-≤≤⎨⎬⎩⎭B.52x x ⎧≤-⎨⎩或}3x ≥C.532x x ⎧⎫-≤≤⎨⎩⎭D.{3x x ≤-或52x ⎫≥⎬⎭【答案】B 【解析】【分析】将式子变形再因式分解,即可求出不等式的解集;【详解】解:依题意可得22150x x --≥,故()()2530x x +-≥,解得52x ≤-或3x ≥,所以不等式的解集为52x x ⎧≤-⎨⎩或}3x ≥故选:B .5.化简:AB OC OB +-=()A.BAB.CAC.CBD.AC【答案】D 【解析】【分析】根据向量的线性运算法则,准确运算,即可求解.【详解】根据向量的线性运算法则,可得()AB OC OB AB OC OB AB BC AC +-=+-=+=.故选:D.6.方程()234xf x x =+-的零点所在的区间为()A.()1,0- B.10,2⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭C.1,12⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭D.41,3⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭【答案】C 【解析】【分析】分析函数()f x 的单调性,利用零点存在定理可得出结论.【详解】因为函数2x y =、34y x =-均为R 上的增函数,故函数()f x 在R 上也为增函数,因为()10f -<,()00f <,15022f ⎛⎫=-<⎪⎝⎭,()110f =>,由零点存在定理可知,函数()f x 的零点所在的区间为1,12⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭.故选:C.7.已知扇形的半径为1,圆心角为60 ,则这个扇形的弧长为()A.π6B.π3C.2π3D.60【答案】B 【解析】【分析】根据扇形的弧长公式计算即可.【详解】易知π603=,由扇形弧长公式可得ππ133l =⨯=.故选:B8.把黑、红、白3张纸牌分给甲、乙、丙三人,则事件“甲分得红牌”与“乙分得红牌”是()A.对立事件B.互斥但不对立事件C.不可能事件D.必然事件【答案】B 【解析】【分析】根据题意,分析可得“甲分得红牌”与“乙分得红牌”不会同时发生,但除了这2个事件外,还有事件“丙分得红牌”,由对立事件与互斥事件的概念,可得答案.【详解】根据题意,把黑、红、白3张纸牌分给甲、乙、丙三人,事件“甲分得红牌”与“乙分得红牌”不会同时发生,则两者是互斥事件,但除了“甲分得红牌”与“乙分得红牌”之外,还有“丙分得红牌”,则两者不是对立事件,则事件“甲分得红牌”与“乙分得红牌”是互斥但不对立事件;故选:B .【点睛】本题考查对立事件与互斥事件的概念,要注意对立一定互斥,但互斥不一定对立,属于基础题.9.要得到函数4y sinx =-(3π)的图象,只需要将函数4y sin x =的图象A.向左平移12π个单位B.向右平移12π个单位C.向左平移3π个单位D .向右平移3π个单位【答案】B 【解析】【详解】因为函数sin 4sin[4(312y x x ππ⎛⎫=-=- ⎪⎝⎭,要得到函数43y sin x π⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭的图象,只需要将函数4y sin x =的图象向右平移12π个单位.本题选择B 选项.点睛:三角函数图象进行平移变换时注意提取x 的系数,进行周期变换时,需要将x 的系数变为原来的ω倍,要特别注意相位变换、周期变换的顺序,顺序不同,其变换量也不同.10.已知两条直线l ,m 与两个平面α,β,下列命题正确的是()A.若//l α,l m ⊥,则m α⊥B.若//αβ,//m α,则//m βC.若//l α,//m α,则//l mD.若l α⊥,l //β,则αβ⊥【答案】D 【解析】【分析】A.利用线面的位置关系判断;B.利用线面的位置关系判断;C.利用直线与直线的位置关系判断;D.由l //β,过l 作平面γ,有m γβ= ,利用线面平行的性质定理得到得到//l m ,再利用面面垂直的判定定理判断.【详解】A.若//l α,l m ⊥,则//,m m αα⊂或,m α相交,故错误;B.若//αβ,//m α,则//m β或m β⊂,故错误;C.若//l α,//m α,则//l m ,l ,m 相交或异面,故错误;D.若l //β,过l 作平面γ,有m γβ= ,则//l m ,因为l α⊥,所以m α⊥,又m β⊂,则αβ⊥,故正确.故选:D11.已知函数()122,0,log ,0,x x f x x x ⎧≤⎪=⎨>⎪⎩则()()2f f -=()A.-2B.-1C.1D.2【答案】D 【解析】【分析】先根据分段函数求出()2f -,再根据分段函数,即可求出结果.【详解】因为()21224f --==,所以()()12112log 244f f f ⎛⎫-=== ⎪⎝⎭.故选:D.12.已知37log 2a =,1314b ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭,135log c =,则a 、b 、c 的大小关系为()A.a b c >> B.a c b>> C.b a c>> D.c b a>>【答案】A 【解析】【分析】利用对数函数、指数函数的单调性结合中间值法可得出a 、b 、c 的大小关系.【详解】因为337log log 312a =>=,13110144b ⎛⎫⎛⎫<=<= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,1133log 5log 10c =<=,因此,a b c >>.故选:A.二、填空题:本大题共6小题,每小题6分,共36分.13.已知i 是虚数单位,则复数4i1i-+的虚部为__________.【答案】2-【解析】【分析】先把复数化简为22i --,再根据虚部定义得出即可.【详解】()()()()224i 1i 4i 1i 4i4i 4i =22i 1i 1i 1i 1i 2------===--++--,则复数的虚部为2-.故答案为:2-.14.函数51x y a -=+且((0a >且1a ≠)的图象必经过定点______________.【答案】(5,2)【解析】【分析】由指数函数的性质分析定点【详解】令50x -=,得5x =,此时2y =故过定点(5,2)15.如果函数()()sin 06f x x πωω⎛⎫=-> ⎪⎝⎭的最小正周期为2π,则ω的值为______________.【答案】4【解析】【分析】根据正弦型函数的周期计算公式2T πω=即可求解.【详解】2T πω=,∴2242Tππωπ===.故答案为:4.16.已知圆柱的底面直径与高都等于球的直径,若该球的表面积为48π,则圆柱的侧面积为_____.【答案】48π.【解析】【分析】先由球的表面积为48π求出球的半径,然后由圆柱的侧面积公式算出即可【详解】因为球的表面积24π48πS R ==所以R所以圆柱的底面直径与高都为所以圆柱的侧面积:2π⨯故答案为:48π【点睛】本题考查的是空间几何体表面积的算法,较简单.17.某工厂生产甲、乙、丙、丁四种不同型号的产品,产量分别为200,400,300,100件,为检验产品的质量,现用分层抽样的方法从以上所有的产品中抽取60件进行检验,则应从丙种型号的产品中抽取________件.【答案】18【解析】【详解】应从丙种型号的产品中抽取30060181000⨯=件,故答案为18.点睛:在分层抽样的过程中,为了保证每个个体被抽到的可能性是相同的,这就要求各层所抽取的个体数与该层所包含的个体数之比等于样本容量与总体的个体数之比,即n i ∶N i =n ∶N .18.已知()f x 是定义在R 上的偶函数,当x ≥0时,()22xf x =-,则不等式()2f x ≤的解集是_______;【答案】[]22-,【解析】【分析】判断函数当0x ≥时的单调性,利用函数奇偶性和单调性的关系将不等式进行转化求解即可.【详解】∵当x ≥0时,()22xf x =-,∴偶函数()f x 在[0,+∞)上单调递增,且()2=2f ,所以()2f x ≤,即()()2fx f ≤,∴2x ≤,解得22x -≤≤.故答案为:[]22-,.三、解答题:本大题共4小题,第19~21题各10分,第22题12分,共42分.解答需写出文字说明,证明过程和演算步骤.19.在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 的对边分别是,,a b c ,已知46,5,cos 5a b A ===-(1)求角B 的大小;(2)求三角形ABC 的面积.【答案】(1)B=300(2)93122ABC S ∆=【解析】【详解】分析:(1)由同角三角函数关系先求3sin 5A =,由正弦定理可求sinB 的值,从而可求B 的值;(2)先求得()()sin 30C sin A B sin A =+=+的值,代入三角函数面积公式即可得结果.详解:(1)由正弦定理又∴B 为锐角sinA=35,由正弦定理B=300(2)()()sin 30C sin A B sin A =+=+,∴19312bsin 22ABC S a C ==点睛:以三角形和为载体,三角恒等变换为手段,正弦定理、余弦定理为工具,对三角函数及解三角形进行考查是近几年高考考查的一类热点问题,一般难度不大,但综合性较强.解答这类问题,两角和与差的正余弦公式、诱导公式以及二倍角公一定要熟练掌握并灵活应用,特别是二倍角公式的各种变化形式要熟记于心.20.某大学艺术专业400名学生参加某次测评,根据男女学生人数比例,使用比例分配的分层随机抽样的方法从中随机抽取了100名学生,记录他们的分数,将数据分成7组:[)20,30,[)30,40,⋅⋅⋅,[]80,90,并整理得到如下频率分布直方图:(1)根据频率分布直方图估计分数的样本数据的70%分位数;(2)已知样本中有一半男生的分数不小于70,且样本中分数不小于70的男女生人数相等.试估计总体中女生的人数.【答案】(1)77.5;(2)160(人).【解析】【分析】(1)根据分位数的概念,结合题给频率分布直方图计算得出结果即可;(2)根据频率分布直方图计算出样本中分数不小于70的人数,进而计算出样本中男生及女生的人数,最后求出总体中女生的人数.【详解】(1)由频率分布直方图可知,样本中分数不小于70的频率为()0.020.04100.6+⨯=,从而有:样本中分数小于70的频率为10.60.4-=,又由频率分布直方图可得:样本中分数小于80的频率为0.8,所以样本数据的70%分位数必定位于[)70,80之间.计算为:0.70.4701077.50.80.4-+⨯=-所以其分数的样本数据的70%分位数估计值为77.5.(2)由题知,样本中分数不小于70的学生人数为()0.020.041010060+⨯⨯=,从而有,样本中分数不小于70的男生人数为160302⨯=,进而得,样本中的男生人数为30260⨯=,女生人数为1006040-=,所以总体中女生人数为40400160100⨯=(人).21.某市出租车的票价按以下规则制定:起步公里为2.6公里,收费10元;若超过2.6公里的,每公里按2.4元收费.(1)设A 地到B 地的路程为4.1公里,若搭乘出租车从A 地到B 地,需要付费多少?(2)若某乘客搭乘出租车共付费16元,则该出租车共行驶了多少公里?【答案】(1)13.6元(2)5.1公里【解析】【分析】(1)设出租车行驶x 公里,根据题设写出付费额()f x 的分段函数形式,进而求从A 地到B 地需要的付费;(2)由题意出租车行驶公里数 2.6x >,结合解析式列方程求该出租车共行驶的公里数.【小问1详解】设出租车行驶x 公里,则付费额10,0 2.6()10 2.4( 2.6), 2.6x f x x x <≤⎧=⎨+->⎩,所以(4.1)10 2.4(4.1 2.6)13.6f =+⨯-=元.【小问2详解】由题意,出租车行驶公里数 2.6x >,令10 2.4( 2.6)16x +-=,则 5.1x =公里.22.如图,在三棱锥V-ABC 中,平面VAB ⊥平面ABC ,VAB 为等边三角形,AC BC ⊥,且,O,M分别为AB,VA 的中点.(1)求证:VB //平面MOC ;(2)求三棱锥V-ABC 的体积.【答案】(1)证明见解析;(2)33.【解析】【详解】试题分析:(1)要证明线面平行,就是要证线线平行,题中有中点,由中位线定理易得线线平行,注意得出线面平行结论时,必须把判定定理的条件写全;(2)要求三棱锥的体积,首先要确定高,本题中有面面垂直,由此易得VO 与底面ABC 垂直,因此VO 就是高,求出其长,及ABC 面积,可得体积.试题解析:(1)证明: 点O,M 分别为AB,VA 的中点//OM VB ∴又,OM MOC VB MOC ⊂⊄平面平面//VB MOC∴平面(2)解:连接VO ,则由题知VO ⊥平面AB C,∴VO 为三棱锥V-ABC 的高.又112ABC S VO === ,113.1333V ABC ABC V S VO -∴==⨯= 考点:线面平行的判断,体积.。
山东春季高考模拟试题及答案-语文第一模拟第Ⅰ卷(选择题共45分)一、(18分,每小题3分)1.下列各组词语中加点的字的读音,与所给注音全都相同的一组是( )A.屏píng屏.蔽屏.弃天然屏.障孔雀开屏.B.臭chòu臭.氧铜臭.遗臭.万年臭.味相投极泰来C.否fǒu否.定否.则不置可否否..D.处chǔ处.境处.理处.心积虑处.之泰然2.下列各组词语中,没有错别字的一组是( )A.演绎剑拔弩张毗邻真知卓见B.吊销绵里藏针松驰苦心孤诣C.谰言欲盖弥彰售罄置若罔闻D.殒落呕心沥血狼藉同仇敌忾3.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语,恰当的一组是( )①中新网北京站2000年12月21日消息称,电子邮件已跃升为计算机病毒的主要的传播。
②日本自卫军在有关军事用语上玩弄文字游戏,刻意有别于国际上通用的用语,目的是其军事性、战斗性。
③同义词中最值得研究的是那些非严格意义的同义词,因为它们同中有异,使用的时候就必须有所。
A.媒介掩饰区别B.媒体掩饰分别C.媒介掩盖分别D.媒体掩盖区别4.下列各句中加点的成语使用恰当的一项是( )的气势来抒情言志,风格豪放雄浑,在南宋A.辛弃疾的词大多以激昂跌宕、翻云覆雨....词坛上占有重要地位。
,企业脱困困难重重,经济结构调B.亚洲地区不良资产尚未化解,银行改革亦步亦趋....整进展不大。
C.反对发展克隆技术的人的一个重要理由,是恐怕克隆出“希特勒”式的人物,其实。
这只是对克隆技术所知不多的人在杞人忧天....,沿着江边小道行驶,不料驾驶失控,D.拖拉机司机急于赶路,不走公路,另辟蹊径....出了车祸。
5.下列各句中,没有语病的一句是( )A.中国消费者协会的药品说明书评论报告显示:在随机抽取的83份药品说明书中,有36份存有“只说不明”,“缺斤少两”的问题。
B.最近两年,互联网市场上一批免费上网的服务公司应运而生,它们吸收了众多的用户,向市场推出了更加优惠的服务方式。
一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 下列词语中,字形、字音完全正确的一项是:A. 赏心悦目(shǎng)B. 风驰电掣(zhé)C. 恣意妄为(zì)D. 畸形发展(jī)2. 下列各句中,没有语病的一句是:A. 随着我国经济的快速发展,人民的生活水平不断提高,我们的幸福感也随之增强。
B. 在这次比赛中,他不仅跑得快,而且跳得高,表现出了极高的竞技水平。
C. 为了提高学生的综合素质,学校决定从下学期开始开设多项选修课程。
D. 他的演讲深深地打动了在场的每一个人,赢得了热烈的掌声和一致好评。
3. 下列各句中,标点符号使用正确的一项是:A. 中国古代的四大发明是:造纸术、火药、印刷术、指南针。
B. “你叫什么名字?”老师问道,“我是李明。
”C. 我记得那天天气很好,阳光明媚,天空湛蓝。
D. 他的成绩一直很好,这次考试又取得了全班第一的好成绩。
4. 下列各句中,下列词语使用恰当的一项是:A. 这个问题已经引起了广泛关注,亟待解决。
B. 他的论文发表在核心期刊上,引起了学术界的高度重视。
C. 为了应对疫情,各地纷纷采取了一系列防控措施。
D. 她的歌声婉转动听,让人陶醉。
5. 下列各句中,下列词语使用恰当的一项是:A. 这篇文章写得非常生动,让人读起来如临其境。
B. 他的表演技艺精湛,让人叹为观止。
C. 这个方案的实施效果不佳,需要重新考虑。
D. 他的为人正直,深受同事们的信任。
二、填空题(每题2分,共10分)6. 下列句子中,括号内应填入的词语是:(1)这篇文章的观点明确,论证有力,——令人信服。
(2)他的研究成果在国内外都享有盛誉,——引起了广泛关注。
(3)为了——环境保护,我们每个人都应该从自身做起。
(4)在这次比赛中,他——了全场观众。
三、阅读题(每题5分,共25分)7. 阅读下面的文言文,完成下面小题。
(甲)孔子曰:“君子不器。
”(《论语·为政》)子贡曰:“君子之所以能若是也者,其善以言也。
2025山东青岛春季高考模考试语文试题本试卷分卷一(选择题)和卷二(非选择题)两部分。
满分120分,考试时间120分钟。
卷一(选择题共50分)20个小题,在每个小题的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求,请将符合题目要求的选项字母代号选出,填涂在答题卡上。
一、本大题10个小题,每小题2分,共20分1.下列词语中加点字的注音完全正确的是()A.恸.哭(tòng)西瓜蔓.(wàn)怏怏..不乐(yāng)B.端倪.(nì)岱宗坊.(fáng)哭天抢.地(qiǎng)C.里弄.(1òng)逮.老鼠(dǎi)一丘之貉.(hé)D.滂.沱(páng)发横.财(hèng)拾.级而上(shè)2.下列词语中,没有别字的是()A.稔知发韧舶来品诡计多端B.收讫侪辈哈密瓜唉声叹气C.坐镇欠收搔痒病涸泽而渔D.靡费沤肥金刚钻斧底抽薪3.依次填入下列横线处的词语,最恰当的是()①二十大报告指出,要推动绿色发展,牢固树立和绿水青山就是金山银山的理念。
②在那时起,我开始花大的力量来年轻人,让年轻一代出来逐步取代我的作用。
③职业教育能将科技与现实生产力结合,使科技成果迅速转化为生产力,__备受重视。
A.践行扶植由于因而B.实践扶植因为从而C.实践扶持由于因而D.践行扶持因为从而4.下列句子的标点符号使用正确的是()A.(工人走进技校,学习现代科学;农民跨出家门,搞起商品经济)工农都为现代化做贡献。
B.小丁发来短信,邀他一起去逛江滩他立即回复“现在没空,明天下午再说。
”C.栈桥的风里有海的味道——咸咸的、涩涩的,吹进傍海的欧式城堡,见证岁月的变迁。
D.过去、现在、未来、上下。
左右,中国、外国,都是相互影响、相互制约的。
5.下列各句中,加点成语使用正确的是()A.雷锋同志的一生虽然很短暂,但所做的好事却极多,简直罄竹难书....。
B.面对好友的不情之请....和“以死相逼”,他最终将如何摆脱困境呢?C.近几年,俄乌战争连续不断,导致大量难民毁家纾难....,流离失所。
(完整word)⼭东春季⾼考语⽂模拟题1春季⾼考语⽂模拟题(⼀)本试卷分卷⼀(选择题)和卷⼆(⾮选择题)两部分。
满分120分,考试时间120分钟。
卷⼀(选择题共50分)本卷共20个⼩题,在每个⼩题的四个选项中,只有⼀项符合题⽬要求,请将符合题⽬要求的选项字母代号选出,填涂在答题卡上。
⼀、(本⼤题10个⼩题,每⼩题2分,共20分)1.下列词语中加点字的注⾳,全部正确的⼀项是A.装帧.(zhēn) 圭臬.(niè) 滂.沱(pāng)另辟蹊.径(qī)B.桂棹.(zhào) 和弦.(xuán) ⾓.⾊(jué) 众⽬睽睽..(kuí)C.慰藉.(jiè) ⾩.盛(fù) 装载. (zài) 义愤填膺.(yīng)D.摭.拾(zhì) 冠.冕(guān) 誊.写(yù) 卷帙.浩繁(zhì)2.下列各组词语中,没有错别字的⼀项是A.蝉联雾霾恰如其份罄⽵难书B.联袂砥砺厉⾏节约舐犊情深C.诡秘蒿草既往不咎吹⽑求次D.⾃栩嬉戏语重⼼长妄⾃菲薄3.依次填⼊下列横线处的关联词语,正确的⼀项是A.但是如果只要也B.但是即使那么就C.但是要么要么也D.但是即使要么就4. 下列句⼦中标点符号的使⽤,正确的是A.所谓“不识庐⼭真⾯⽬,只缘⾝在此⼭中。
”谁说不是⼀条真理?B.为促进同学们朗读古典诗词的热情,我校计划在5⽉中旬举⾏以《我爱古诗词》为主题的朗诵活动。
C.是继续升学深造,还是直接就业?即将毕业的⼩王感到很迷惘。
D.⼈们为什么偏爱⽵?有⼀种解释是“为植物中最⾼尚之品,虚⼼,直节”,(《三希堂·⽵谱序》),所谓未曾出⼟便有节,纵使凌云仍虚⼼。
5.下列各句中加点成语使⽤正确的是(语⽂试题共8页) 第1 页A.这次来青岛,时间紧迫,只能浮光掠影....地看看,但那美丽的海滨景⾊给我留下了深刻印象。
B.有些同学写的作⽂,⽂不加点....,字迹潦草,阅读这样的⽂章,真叫⼈头疼。
2023年天津市春季高考模拟检测语文试题语文模拟试卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷两部分,共150 分。
考试用时120 分钟。
第I卷(选择题共56分)一、本大题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
1. 下列各组词语中加点字的读音,完全正确的一项是()A. 青荇(xìng)渗透(sèn)泅水(qiú)自惭形秽(huì)B. 放肆(sì)愚氓(méng)流岚(lán)前仆后继(pū)C. 亢旱(kàng)扼要(è)纶巾(lún)战战兢兢(jīng)D. 引擎(qíng)家眷(juàn)百舸(kě)杞人忧天(qī)【答案】B【解析】【详解】本题考查学生识记现代汉语常用字字音的能力。
A.“渗透”的“渗”应读shèn;C.“纶巾”的“纶”应读guānD. “百舸”的“舸”应读gě;“杞人忧天”的“杞”应读qǐ故选B。
2. 下列词语中,没有错别字的一项是()A. 汲取陶醉衣锦还乡出神入画B. 澄澈国萃莫名其妙哗众取宠C. 取缔亲昵怨天由人更胜一筹D. 瞭望吝啬众说纷纭面面相觑【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查学生识记现代汉语常用字字形的能力。
A.“出神入画”的“画”应为“化”。
B.“国萃”的“萃”应为“粹”。
C.“怨天由人”的“由”应为“尤”。
故选D。
3. 依次填入下面句中横线上的词语,最恰当的一组是()①发展与壮大文化产业,就要盯着市场做文章,_____文化生产部门的自我生存能力,最大限度地让文化产品增值。
②举办冬奥会后,北京将成为首座“双奥城市”,也_____着中国将会以前所未有的深度和广度参与到奥林匹克事务中来。
③天津出台多项细则_____全市大中小学劳动教育工作一体化发展,将劳动教育纳入专业人才培养方案,建立配套保障制度与措施,形成长效机制。
一、单选题二、多选题1. 《几何原本》是古希腊数学家欧几里得的一部不朽之作,其第十一卷中称轴截面为等腰直角三角形的圆锥为直角圆锥.若一个直角圆锥的侧面积为,圆锥的底面圆周和顶点都在同一球面上,则该球的体积为( )A.B.C.D.2. 已知,函数在上恰有5个零点,则的取值范围是( )A.B.C.D.3. 中,角A 、B ,C 的对边分别为a ,b ,c ,若,则( )A.B.C.D.4.已知函数在定义域上的值不全为零,若函数的图象关于对称,函数的图象关于直线对称,则下列式子中错误的是( )A.B.C.D.5. 已知向量与的夹角为,且,,则( )A.B.C .4D.6. 已知函数有两个极值点,若,则关于的方程的不同实根个数为( )A .2B .3C .4D .57. 化简( )A .4B .6C .8D .168. 长郡中学体育节中,羽毛球单打12强中有3个种子选手,将这12人任意分成3个组(每组4个人),则3个种子选手恰好被分在同一组的概率为( )A.B.C.D.9.已知正实数满足,则( )A.的最小值为6B.的最小值为3C.的最小值为D.的最小值为810. 已知函数,是的导数,下列说法正确的是( )A .曲线在处的切线方程为B .在上单调递增,在上单调递减C.对于任意的总满足D .直线与在上有一个交点且横坐标取值范围为11. 根据小红家2022年全年用电量(单位:度)和该月的用电量占年总用电量的百分比,绘制出如图所示的双层饼图.根据双层饼图,下列说法正确的是( )2024年山东省春季高考济南市第一次模拟考试数学试题(1)2024年山东省春季高考济南市第一次模拟考试数学试题(1)三、填空题四、解答题A .2022年第二季度的用电量为260度B .2022年下半年的总用电量为500度C .2022年11月的用电量为100度D .2022年12个月的月用电量的中位数为80度12. 关于函数,下列选项错误的有( )A.函数最小正周期为B.表达式可写成C .函数在上单调递增D.的图像关于直线对称13. 已知点O 为坐标原点,,,点P 在线段AB 上,且,则点P 的坐标为______.14.已知幂函数过点,且,则实数的取值范围是________.15.的展开式中,项的系数为____.16. 已知数列的首项,且.(1)求证:数列是等比数列;(2)设,求使不等式成立的最小正整数n .17. 已知函数在处的切线方程为(1)求实数,的值;(2)设函数,当时,的值域为区间的子集,求的最小值.18.已知数列为递增的等差数列,其中,且成等比数列.(1)求的通项公式;(2)设记数列的前n 项和为,求使得成立的m 的最小正整数.19. 如图,正三角形的边长为4,,,分别在边,和上,且为的中点.(1)若,,求;(2)若,,,四点共圆,求四边形的面积.20. 近年来随着科技的发展,药物制剂正朝着三效,即高效、速效、长效;以及三小,即毒性小、副作用小、剂量小的方向发展.缓释片是通过一些特殊的技术和手段,使药物在体内持续释放,从而使药物在体内能长时间的维持有效血药浓度,药物作用更稳定持久.某医药研究所研制了一种具有缓释功能的新药,在试验药效时发现:成人按规定剂量服用后,检测到从第0.5小时起开始起效,第2小时达到最高12微克/毫升,并维持这一最高值直至第4小时结束,接着开始衰退,血液中含药量y(微克)与时间x(小时)的函数关系如图,并发现衰退时y与x成反比例函数关系.(1)①当时,求y与x之间的函数表达式;②当时,求y与x之间的函数表达式;(2)如果每毫升血液中含药量不低于4微克时有效,求一次服药后的有效时间是多少小时.21. 已知函数的部分图象如图所示.(1)求的解析式;(2)若函数,求在区间上的最大值和最小值.。
春季高考模拟试题一一.选择题(共20小题)1.已知集合2{|2}A x x x ==,{2B =−,1−,0,1,2},则(A B = )A .{1−,2}B .{2−,0}C .{0,2}D .{1,2}2.不等式|1|2x +>的解集是( ) A .{|11}x x −<<B .{|1x x <−或1}x >C .{|31}x x −<<D .{|3x x <−或1}x >3.函数0()(2)f x x =+的定义域为( )A .(−∞,2)(2⋃,)+∞B .(−∞,2)(2−−⋃,2)C .(,2)−∞−D .(,2)−∞4.设x R ∈,则“3x …”是“230x x −…”的( ) A .充分而不必要条件 B .必要而不充分条件C .充分必要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件5.已知等比数列{}n a ,42a =,810a =,则16(a = ) A .50B .100C .150D .2506.在ABC ∆中,M 是BC 的中点.若AB a =,CA b =,则(AM = ) A .1()2a b +B .1()2a b −C .12a b +D .12a b +7.已知角α的顶点在坐标原点,始边在x 轴非负半轴上,终边与单位圆交于1(2P −,则sin (α= )A .2−B .12−C .D .28.已知函数2()f x x x =−,则()f x 的单调增区间是( ) A .(,1)−∞−和(0,)+∞ B .(0,)+∞ C .(1,0)−和(1,)+∞D .(1,)+∞9.从7本书中任意选取2本,共有不同的选法种数为( ) A .84B .42C .30D .2110.直线1:l y ax b =+与直线2:(0)l y bx a ab =+≠在同一平面直角坐标系内的图象只可能是()A .B .C .D .11.已知命题0:p x R ∃∈,使得0cos 0lg x >;命题:0q x ∀<,30x >,则下列命题为真命题的是( ) A .p q ∧B .()p q ∨⌝C .()()p q ⌝∧⌝D .p q ∨12.已知()f x 是定义在(3,3)−上的奇函数且(0)0f =,当03x <<时,()f x 的图象如图所示.那么不等式()0xf x …的解集是( )A .(3−,一1](0⋃,1]B .[1.0)(0.1]−⋃C .(3−,1][0.1]−D .[1−,1]13.若向量a ,b 满足:(2,3)a =−、(,6)b x =,且//a b .则||a b +的值为( ) A 5B 13C .5D .1314.在同一平面直角坐标系内,曲线221x y a b +=和直线10(ax by a ++=,b R ∈,且0)ab ≠的图形可以是( )A .B .C .D .15.281()2x y−展开式的所有项的系数总和是( ) A .82B .812 C .0 D .116.不等式组220,330x y x y +−⎧⎨+−⎩……表示的平面区域为( )A .B .C .D .17.从4名男生和2名女生中任取2人去参加演讲比赛,则所选的人恰好是1名男生、1名女生的概率为( ) A .415B .13C .815D .1418.关于三角函数的图象,有下列说法: ①sin ||y x =与sin y x =的图象关于y 轴对称; ②cos()y x =−与cos ||y x =的图象相同; ③|sin |y x =与sin()y x =−的图象关于x 轴对称; ④cos y x =与cos()y x =−的图象关于y 轴对称.其中正确的序号是( ) A .①③B .②④C .②③D .①④19.设m ,n 是两条不同的直线,α,β是两个不同的平面,给出下列说法,正确的是( )A .若//m α,n β⊥,m n ⊥,则αβ⊥B .若//m α,m β⊥,则αβ⊥C .若m n ⊥,m α⊂,n β⊂,则αβ⊥D .若m α⊥,n β⊂,m n ⊥,则αβ⊥20.已知A ,B ,P 是双曲线22221x y a b −=上不同的三点,且A ,B 连线经过坐标原点,若直线PA ,PB 的斜率乘积为43,则该双曲线的离心率为( )A .22B .62C .2D .213二.填空题(共5小题)21.如图,在直三棱柱111ABC A B C −中,12AA =,1AC BC ==,90ACB ∠=︒,则四棱锥11B A ACC −的体积为 .22.在ABC ∆中,已知2AB =,3AC =,60A =︒,则BC 的长为 .23.某班级有50名学生,现要采取系统抽样的方法在这50名学生中抽出10名学生,将这50名学生随机编号1~50号,并分组,第一组1~5号,第二组6~10号,⋯,第十组46~50号,若在第三组中抽得号码为12的学生,则在第八组中抽得号码为 的学生. 24.中心在坐标原点的椭圆,其离心率为12,两个焦点1F 和2F 在y 轴上,P 为该椭圆上的任意一点,若△12PF F 的周长为12,则椭圆的标准方程为 .25.已知函数226,2(),2x ax x f x a x x ⎧−+⎪=⎨>⎪⎩…是R 上的减函数,则a 的取值范围为 .三.解答题(共5小题)26.已知等差数列{}n a 中,13518a a a ++=,570a a +=. (1)求{}n a 的通项公式; (2)求{}n a 的前n 项和n S .27.已知函数()sin()(0,0,||)2f x A x A πωϕωϕ=+>><的部分图象如图所示.(1)求函数()f x 的解析式; (2)求函数()f x 在区间[,0]2π−上的最大值和最小值.28.已知对数函数()log (0,1)a f x x a a =>≠的图象经过点(3,1). (1)求函数()f x 的解析式;(2)如果不等式(1)1f x +<成立,求实数x 的取值范围.29.如图,在长方体1111ABCD A B C D −中,1AB AD ==,12AA =,点P 为棱1DD 的中点. (1)证明:1//BD 平面PAC ;(2)求异面直线1BD 与AP 所成角的大小.30.已知抛物线C 的顶点在原点,焦点在x 轴上,且抛物线上有一点(4,)P m 到焦点的距离为6.(Ⅰ)求抛物线C 的方程;(Ⅱ)若抛物线C 与直线2y kx =−相交于不同的两点A 、B ,且AB 中点横坐标为2,求k 的值.2020年12月08日217****2539的高中数学组卷参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共20小题)1.已知集合2{|2}A x x x ==,{2B =−,1−,0,1,2},则(A B = )A .{1−,2}B .{2−,0}C .{0,2}D .{1,2}【解答】解:{0A =,2},{2B =−,1−,0,1,2},{0AB ∴=,2}.故选:C .2.不等式|1|2x +>的解集是( ) A .{|11}x x −<<B .{|1x x <−或1}x >C .{|31}x x −<<D .{|3x x <−或1}x >【解答】解:因为|1|2x +>,所以12x +>或12x +<−, 所以1x >或3x <−,所以不等式的解集为{|1x x >或3}x <−. 故选:D . 3.函数0()(2)f x x =+的定义域为( )A .(−∞,2)(2⋃,)+∞B .(−∞,2)(2−−⋃,2)C .(,2)−∞−D .(,2)−∞【解答】解:由题意可得2020x x −>⎧⎨+≠⎩,解得2x <且2x ≠−,故函数的定义域为(−∞,2)(2−−⋃,2), 故选:B .4.设x R ∈,则“3x …”是“230x x −…”的( ) A .充分而不必要条件 B .必要而不充分条件C .充分必要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件【解答】解:因为230x x −…解得03x 剟,而[0,3](−∞Ü,3],所以“3x …”是“230x x −…”的必要而不充分条件. 故选:B .5.已知等比数列{}n a ,42a =,810a =,则16(a = ) A .50B .100C .150D .250【解答】解:等比数列{}n a ,42a =,810a =, ∴4845a q a ==, 12316425250a a q ∴==⨯=,故选:D .6.在ABC ∆中,M 是BC 的中点.若AB a =,CA b =,则(AM = ) A .1()2a b +B .1()2a b −C .12a b +D .12a b +【解答】解:如图,由平行四边形法则可知, 11()()22AM AB AC a b =+=−. 故选:B .7.已知角α的顶点在坐标原点,始边在x 轴非负半轴上,终边与单位圆交于13()2P −,则sin (α= ) A .3B .12−C .3−D 3 【解答】解:由题意,根据三角函数的定义,可得3sin y α==. 故选:D .8.已知函数2()f x x x =−,则()f x 的单调增区间是( ) A .(,1)−∞−和(0,)+∞B .(0,)+∞C .(1,0)−和(1,)+∞D .(1,)+∞【解答】解:因为数2()f x x x =−的开口向上,对称轴12x =, 故函数()f x 的单调递增区间1[,)2+∞.结合选项可知,D 符合题意.故选:D .9.从7本书中任意选取2本,共有不同的选法种数为( ) A .84B .42C .30D .21【解答】解:从7本书中任意选取2本,且不分顺序,为组合数, 则为2721=ð, 故选:D .10.直线1:l y ax b =+与直线2:(0)l y bx a ab =+≠在同一平面直角坐标系内的图象只可能是( )A .B .C .D .【解答】解:对于A 选项,由直线1:l y ax b =+得0a >,0b <, 由直线2:l y bx a =+得0a >,0b >,矛盾,故A 错误; 对于B ,由直线1:l y ax b =+得0a <,0b >,由直线2:l y bx a =+得0a >,0b >,矛盾,故B 错误; 对于C ,由直线1:l y ax b =+得0a >,0b <,由直线2:l y bx a =+得0a <,0b >,矛盾,故C 错误;对于D ,由直线1:l y ax b =+得0a >,0b >, 由直线2:l y bx a =+得0a >,0b >,故D 正确. 故选:D .11.已知命题0:p x R ∃∈,使得0cos 0lg x >;命题:0q x ∀<,30x >,则下列命题为真命题的是( ) A .p q ∧B .()p q ∨⌝C .()()p q ⌝∧⌝D .p q ∨【解答】解:命题0:p x R ∃∈,使得0cos 0lg x >,1cos 1x −剟, cos 0lg x ∴…,∴命题p 为假命题,命题:0q x ∀<,30x >,是真命题,p q ∴∧为假命题,()p q ∨⌝为假命题,()()p q ⌝∧⌝为假命题,p q ∨真命题,故选:D .12.已知()f x 是定义在(3,3)−上的奇函数且(0)0f =,当03x <<时,()f x 的图象如图所示.那么不等式()0xf x …的解集是( )A .(3−,一1](0⋃,1]B .[1.0)(0.1]−⋃C .(3−,1][0.1]−D .[1−,1]【解答】解:因为()f x 是定义在(3,3)−上的奇函数且(0)0f =, 所以根据奇函数图象的对称性,作出函数的图象,如图: 所以当0x =时,不等式()0xf x …成立, 当0x >时,()0f x …,此时01x <…, 当0x <时,()0f x …,此时10x −<…, 综上,不等式()0xf x …的解集为[1−,1]. 故选:D .13.若向量a ,b 满足:(2,3)a =−、(,6)b x =,且//a b .则||a b +的值为( ) A .5B .13C .5D .13【解答】解:向量a ,b 满足:(2,3)a =−、(,6)b x =,且//a b . 可得:312x −=,解得4x =−.|||(2a b +=,3)(4−+−,6)||(2=−,3)4913=+=.故选:B .14.在同一平面直角坐标系内,曲线221x y a b +=和直线10(ax by a ++=,b R ∈,且0)ab ≠的图形可以是( )A .B .C .D .【解答】解:直线10ax by ++=可化为111x ya b+=−−,若曲线221x y a b+=是椭圆,则0a >,0b >,选项A 和B 均不符合题意, 若曲线221x y a b +=是双曲线,在选项D 中,0a <,0b >,但由直线方程知0a >,0b <,互相矛盾,即选项D 错误. 故选:C . 15.281()2x y−展开式的所有项的系数总和是( ) A .82B .812 C .0 D .1【解答】解:令1x y ==,可得281()2x y −展开式的所有项的系数总和8811(1)22=−=. 故选:B .16.不等式组220,330x y x y +−⎧⎨+−⎩……表示的平面区域为( )A .B .C .D .【解答】解:因为(0,0)不满足第一个不等式,满足第二个不等式;所以要直线220x y +−=不含原点的部分以及330x y +−=包含原点的部分; 故选:C .17.从4名男生和2名女生中任取2人去参加演讲比赛,则所选的人恰好是1名男生、1名女生的概率为( ) A .415B .13C .815D .14【解答】解:设4个男生为1a ,2a ,3a ,4a ,2个女生为1b ,2b ,选2人参加比赛,有12a a ,13a a ,14a a ,11a b ,12a b ,23a a ,24a a ,21a b ,22a b ,34a a ,31a b ,32a b ,41a b ,42a b ,12b b ,共15种选取方法,其中,选到一男一女的方法有11a b ,12a b ,21a b ,22a b ,31a b ,32a b ,41a b ,42a b ,共8种,所以概率815p =. 故选:C .18.关于三角函数的图象,有下列说法: ①sin ||y x =与sin y x =的图象关于y 轴对称; ②cos()y x =−与cos ||y x =的图象相同; ③|sin |y x =与sin()y x =−的图象关于x 轴对称; ④cos y x =与cos()y x =−的图象关于y 轴对称. 其中正确的序号是( ) A .①③B .②④C .②③D .①④【解答】解:①sin ,0sin ||sin ,0x x y x x x ⎧==⎨−<⎩…,则sin ||y x =与sin y x =的图象关于y 轴不对称,故①错误,②cos()cos y x x =−=,cos ||cos y x x ==,即cos()y x =−与cos ||y x =的图象相同;故②正确,③()|sin()||sin |f x x x −=−=,sin()sin y x x =−=−,则|sin |y x =与sin()y x =−的图象关于x 轴不对称,故③错误;④cos()cos y x x =−=,则cos y x =与cos()y x =−的图象相同,且是偶函数,即两个函数图象关于y 轴对称,故④正确, 故选:B .19.设m ,n 是两条不同的直线,α,β是两个不同的平面,给出下列说法,正确的是( )A .若//m α,n β⊥,m n ⊥,则αβ⊥B .若//m α,m β⊥,则αβ⊥C .若m n ⊥,m α⊂,n β⊂,则αβ⊥D .若m α⊥,n β⊂,m n ⊥,则αβ⊥【解答】解:对于A ,由//m α,n β⊥,m n ⊥,得//αβ或α与β相交,故A 错误; 对于B ,由//m α,m β⊥,可得αβ⊥,故B 正确;对于C ,由m n ⊥,m α⊂,n β⊂,得//αβ或α与β相交,故C 错误; 对于D ,由m α⊥,n β⊂,m n ⊥,得//αβ或α与β相交. 故选:B .20.已知A ,B ,P 是双曲线22221x y a b−=上不同的三点,且A ,B 连线经过坐标原点,若直线PA ,PB的斜率乘积为43,则该双曲线的离心率为( ) A .22B .62C .2D .213【解答】解:由题意,设1(A x ,1)y ,2(P x ,2)y ,则1(B x −,1)y −, 2221212122212121PA PBy y y y y y k k x x x x x x −+−∴==−+−, 2211221x y a b −=,2222221x y a b−=, ∴两式相减可得2222122221y y b x x a −=−, 43PA PB k k =, ∴2243b a =, ∴222273a b e a +==, 则213e =. 故选:D .二.填空题(共5小题)21.如图,在直三棱柱111ABC A B C −中,12AA =,1AC BC ==,90ACB ∠=︒,则四棱锥11B A ACC −的体积为23.【解答】解:在直三棱柱111ABC A B C −中,12AA =,1AC BC ==,90ACB ∠=︒, 则四棱锥11B A ACC −的体积为11111111121121122323ABC A B C B A B C S S −−−=⨯⨯⨯−⨯⨯⨯⨯=.故答案为:23. 22.在ABC ∆中,已知2AB =,3AC =,60A =︒,则BC【解答】解:在ABC ∆中,已知2AB =,3AC =,60A =︒,则cosBC AC AB A ===.23.某班级有50名学生,现要采取系统抽样的方法在这50名学生中抽出10名学生,将这50名学生随机编号1~50号,并分组,第一组1~5号,第二组6~10号,⋯,第十组46~50号,若在第三组中抽得号码为12的学生,则在第八组中抽得号码为 37 的学生. 【解答】解:这50名学生随机编号1~50号,并分组,第一组1~5号,第二组6~10号,⋯,第十组46~50号,在第三组中抽得号码为12的学生,则在第八组中抽得号码为12(83)537+−⨯=. 故答案为:37.24.中心在坐标原点的椭圆,其离心率为12,两个焦点1F 和2F 在y 轴上,P 为该椭圆上的任意一点,若△12PF F 的周长为12,则椭圆的标准方程为2211612y x += . 【解答】解:心在坐标原点的椭圆,其离心率为12,两个焦点1F 和2F 在y 轴上,P 为该椭圆上的任意一点,若△12PF F 的周长为12,所以122212c ac a ⎧=⎪⎨⎪+=⎩,解得42a c =⎧⎨=⎩,所以b ,所以椭圆的方程为2211612y x +=. 故答案为:2211612y x +=. 25.已知函数226,2(),2x ax x f x a x x⎧−+⎪=⎨>⎪⎩…是R 上的减函数,则a 的取值范围为 [2,20]9 .【解答】解;226,2(),2x ax x f x a x x⎧−+⎪=⎨>⎪⎩…是R 上的减函数,∴204462a a a a ⎧⎪⎪>⎨⎪⎪−+⎩……, 解可得,2029a剟. 故答案为:[2,20]9三.解答题(共5小题)26.已知等差数列{}n a 中,13518a a a ++=,570a a +=. (1)求{}n a 的通项公式; (2)求{}n a 的前n 项和n S .【解答】解:(1)等差数列{}n a 中,13518a a a ++=,570a a +=. ∴1136182100a d a d +=⎧⎨+=⎩,解得110a =,2d =−, 102(1)122n a n n ∴=−−=−, {}n a ∴的通项公式122n a n =−. (2)由(1)可得21()(10122)1122n n n a a n n S n n ++−===−+. 27.已知函数()sin()(0,0,||)2f x A x A πωϕωϕ=+>><的部分图象如图所示.(1)求函数()f x 的解析式; (2)求函数()f x 在区间[,0]2π−上的最大值和最小值.【解答】解:(1)由函数()sin()f x A x ωϕ=+的部分图象知, 2A =,1541264T πππ=−=,解得T π=,所以22Tπω==; 又()2sin(2)266f ππϕ=⨯+=,所以232k ππϕπ+=+,k Z ∈;解得26k πϕπ=+,k Z ∈;又||2πϕ<,所以6πϕ=,所以函数()2sin(2)6f x x π=+;(2)[,0]2x π∈−时,52[,]666x πππ+∈−,所以当262x ππ+=−,即3x π=−时,()f x 取得最小值为()2min f x =−;当266x ππ+=−,即0x =时,()f x 取得最大值为()1max f x =.28.已知对数函数()log (0,1)a f x x a a =>≠的图象经过点(3,1). (1)求函数()f x 的解析式;(2)如果不等式(1)1f x +<成立,求实数x 的取值范围. 【解答】解:(1)因为log 31a =,所以3a =, 所以3()log f x x =, (2)因为(1)1f x +<, 也就是3log (1)1x +<, 所以33log (1)log 3x +<, 所以013x <+<, 所以12x −<<,所以实数x 的取值范围是{|12}x x −<<.29.如图,在长方体1111ABCD A B C D −中,1AB AD ==,12AA =,点P 为棱1DD 的中点. (1)证明:1//BD 平面PAC ;(2)求异面直线1BD 与AP 所成角的大小.【解答】(1)证明:设AC 和BD 交于点O ,则O 为BD 的中点. 连结PO ,又因为P 是1DD 的中点,所以1//PO BD . 又因为PO ⊂平面PAC ,1BD ⊂/平面PAC 所以直线1//BD 平面PAC .(2)解:由(1)知,1//PO BD ,所以APO ∠即为异面直线1BD 与AP 所成的角.因为2PA PC =122AO AC ==且PO AO ⊥, 所以212sin 22AO APO AP ∠===.又(0APO ∠∈︒,90]︒,所以30APO ∠=︒ 故异面直线1BD 与AP 所成角的大小为30︒.30.已知抛物线C 的顶点在原点,焦点在x 轴上,且抛物线上有一点(4,)P m 到焦点的距离为6.(Ⅰ)求抛物线C 的方程;(Ⅱ)若抛物线C 与直线2y kx =−相交于不同的两点A 、B ,且AB 中点横坐标为2,求k 的值.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)由题意设抛物线方程为22y px =,其准线方程为2px =−, (4,)P m 到焦点的距离等于A 到其准线的距离,4642pp ∴+=∴= ∴抛物线C 的方程为28y x =(Ⅱ)由282y xy kx ⎧=⎨=−⎩消去y ,得22(48)40k x k x −++=直线2y kx =−与抛物线相交于不同两点A 、B ,则有0k ≠,△64(1)0k =+>,解得1k >−且0k ≠, 又1222422x x k k ++==, 解得2k =,或1k =−(舍去) k ∴的值为2.。
一、单选题二、多选题1. 已知i 为虚数单位,复数在复平面内对应点的坐标为,则( )A .1B .2C .D.2.数列是等差数列 ,是各项均为正数的等比数列,公比,且,则A.B.C.D.3. 在复平面内,复数,则对应的点位于( )A .第一象限B .第二象限C .第三象限D .第四象限4. 已知为非零实数,,均为正实数,则的最大值为( )A.B.C.D.5.函数的图象向左平移个单位长度后,所得到的图象关于原点对称,则等于A.B.C.D.6. 已知在长方体中,,则该长方体体积的最大值为( )A .1B .2C .4D .67.过点的直线与圆相交于不同的两点,则线段的中点的轨迹是( )A .一个半径为10的圆的一部分B .一个焦距为10的椭圆的一部分C .一条过原点的线段D .一个半径为5的圆的一部分8. 下列说法正确的是( )A .“”是“函数是奇函数”的充要条件B.若,则C .若为假命题,则均为假命题D .“若,则”的否命题是“若则”9. 已知(其中为虚数单位),则的共轭复数的虚部是A .-1B .-2C .1D .210.函数的最小正周期和最小值分别为( )A.和B.和0C .和D .和011.的展开式中的系数为( )A .5B .10C .15D .2012. 已知函数则( )A .4B .2C.D.2024年山东省春季高考济南市第一次模拟考试数学试题三、填空题四、填空题五、解答题13. 已知复数,下列命题正确的是( )A.B .若,则C.D .若,则为实数14. 1487年,瑞士数学家欧拉发现了复指数函数和三角函数的关系,并写下公式,这个公式在复变函数中有非常重要的地位,即著名的“欧拉公式”,被誉为“数学中的天桥”,据欧拉公式,则( )A.B.C.D.15. 若,若恒成立,则的值不可以是( )A .B .1C.D.16.已知函数,下列说法正确的有( )A .关于点对称B.在区间内单调递增C .若,则D.的对称轴是17.已知双曲线和圆.过双曲线上一点引圆的两条切线,切点分别为、.若可为正三角形,则双曲线离心率的取值范围是__________.18. 宁波老外滩天主教堂位于宁波市新江桥北堍, 建于清同治十一年(公元 1872 年). 光绪二十五 (1899年) 增建钟楼, 整座建筑由教堂、钟楼、偏屋组成, 造型具有典型罗马哥特式风格. 其顶端部分可以近似看成由一个正四棱锥和一个正方体组成的几何体, 且正四棱锥的侧棱长为, 其底面边长与正方体的棱长均为, 则顶端部分的体积为__________.19. 已知函数,若函数恰有4个零点,则实数的取值范围是________.20. 已知函数则________;若,则________.21. 自“一带一路”倡议提出以来,中俄两国合作共赢的脚步越来越快.中俄输气管道工程建设中,某段管道铺设要经过一处峡谷,峡谷内恰好有一处直角拐角,如图,管道沿A 、E 、F 、B 拐过直角(线段EF 过O 点,点E ,O ,F 在同一水平面内),峡谷的宽分别为27m 、8m ,如图所示,设EF 与较宽侧峡谷崖壁所成的角为,则EF 得长______m ,(用表示),要使输气管道顺利通过拐角,EF 长度不能低于______m22.设,.六、解答题七、解答题八、解答题(1)求的展开式中系数最大的项;(2)时,化简;(3)求证:.23. 已知数列是公比为2的等比数列,数列是等差数列,.(1)求数列的通项公式;(2)设,求数列的前项和.24. 已知函数有如下性质:如果常数,那么该函数在区间上是减函数,在上是增函数.(1)如果函数()的值域为,求b 的值;(2)研究函数(常数)在定义域上的单调性,并说明理由;(3)对函数和(常数)作出推广,使它们都是你所推广的函数的特例.研究推广后的函数的单调性(只须写出结论,不必证明),并求函数(n 是正整数)在区间上的最大值和最小值(可利用你的研究结论).25.如图,在四棱锥中,四边形为直角梯形,,,,为等边三角形,为的中点,直线与所成角的大小为.(1)求证:平面平面;(2)求平面与平面所成角的正弦值.26. 如图,在四棱锥中,是正三角形,是等腰三角形,,.(1)求证:;(2)若,,平面平面,直线与平面所成的角为,求二面角的余弦值.27. 手机芯片是一种硅板上集合多种电子元器件实现某种特定功能的电路模块,是电子设备中最重要的部分,承担着运输和存储的功能.某公司研发了一种新型手机芯片,该公司研究部门从流水线上随机抽取100件手机芯片,统计其性能指数并绘制频率分布直方图(如图1):九、解答题产品的性能指数在[50,70)的称为A 类芯片,在[70,90)的称为B 类芯片,在[90,110]的称为C 类芯片,以这100件芯片的性能指数位于各区间的频率估计芯片的性能指数位于该区间的概率.(1)在该流水线上任意抽取3件手机芯片,求C 类芯片不少于2件的概率;(2)该公司为了解年营销费用x (单位:万元)对年销售量y (单位:万件)的影响,对近5年的年营销费用;和年销售量(i =1,2,3,4,5)数据做了初步处理,得到的散点图如图2所示.(i)利用散点图判断,和(其中c ,d 为大于0的常数)哪一个更适合作为年营销费用和年销售量的回归方程类型(只要给出判断即可,不必说明理由);(ii )对数据作出如下处理:令,,得到相关统计量的值如下表:15072555001575016255682.4根据(i )的判断结果及表中数据,求y 关于x 的回归方程;(iii )由所求的回归方程估计,当年营销费用为100万元时,年销量y (万件)的预报值.(参考数据:)参考公式:对于一组数据,,…,,其回归直线的斜率和截距最小二乘估计分别为,.28. 人工智能(AI )是当今科技领域最热门的话题之一,某学校组织学生参加以人工智能(AI )为主题的知识竞赛,为了解该校学生在该知识竞赛中的情况,现采用随机抽样的方法抽取了600名学生进行调查,分数分布在450~950分之间,根据调查的结果绘制的学生分数频率分布直方图如图所示.将分数不低于850分的学生称为“最佳选手”.(1)求频率分布直方图中a 的值,并估计该校学生分数的中位数;(2)现采用分层抽样的方法从分数落在,内的两组学生中抽取7人,再从这7人中随机抽取3人,记被抽取的3名学生中属于“最佳选手”的学生人数为随机变量,求的分布列及数学期望.。
2024年山东省春季高考第三次模拟考试语文试题本试卷分卷一(选择题)和卷二〈非选择题)两部分,满分120分,考试用时120分钟。
考生请在答题卡上答题,考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
卷一(选择题共50分)卷一共20小题,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求,请将符合题目要求的选项字母代号选出,填涂在答题卡上。
一、本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分。
1.下列词语中加点字的读音,全都正确的是()A.挚.友(zhì)亘.古(héng)譬.如(pì)锲.而不舍(qiè)B.哺.育(bù)咀嚼.(juè)呜咽.(yè)忍俊不禁.(jīn)C.粗拙.(zhuó)颤.抖(chàn)憎.恶(zēng)诲.人不倦(huì)D.炽.热(chì)俯瞰.(kàn)契.约(qì)鲜.为人知(xiǎn)【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查学生识记现代汉语常用字字音的能力。
A.“亘古”的“亘”应读作gèn;B.“哺育”的“哺”应读作bǔ;“咀嚼”的“嚼”应读作jué;C.“粗拙”的“拙”应读作zhuō。
故选D。
2.下列词语中,没有错别字的是()A.遗憾挖墙角淋漓尽致天涯海角B.报歉水龙头血气方刚如释重负C.拖沓哈密瓜以身作则海市唇楼D.闲暇红高粱疲惫不堪妇孺皆知【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查学生识记并正确书写现代常用规范汉字的能力。
A.“挖墙角”的“角”应写作“脚”;B.“报歉”的“报”应写作“抱”;C.“海市唇楼”的“唇”应写作“蜃”。
故选D。
3.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语,最恰当的是()①保护生态环境、应对气候变化的行动非但不会阻碍经济发展,还能_______新的增长动能,提高发展质量。
②现代科技的发展日新月异,_______从前的幻想今天都有可能成为现实。
2024年山东春季高考第一次模拟考试语文试卷选择题1. 下列词语中加点字读音完全正确的一项是()A. 踌躇(chú)狼藉(jí)恣睢(suī)鲜为人知(xiǎn)B. 哽咽(yè)凛冽(liè)诘责(jié)锐不可当(dāng)C. 愧怍(zuò)颓唐(tuí)喑哑(yīn)气冲斗牛(dǒu)D. 诘难(nán)襁褓(qiǎng)蹒跚(shān)冥思遐想(xiá)2. 下列句子中加点的成语使用不正确的一项是()A. 他对人总是那么热情诚恳,和蔼可亲,真是难得啊!B. 这位老人的话真是入木三分,让我深受教育。
C. 天气实在太热了,我简直被热得汗流浃背,湿透了衣服。
D. 他的演讲太出色了,我只好甘拜下风。
3. 下列句子中,没有语病的一句是()A. 通过这次野外学习,使我对自然科学的兴趣更大了。
B. 在阅读文学名著的过程中,使我明白了许多做人的道理和人生真谛。
C. 我们要引导青少年用美的眼光去看世界,用美的心灵去感受世界。
D. 会不会用心观察,能不能重视积累,是提高写作水平的基础。
4. 下列文学常识表述有误的一项是()A. 《诗经》是我国最早的一部诗歌总集,也称“诗三百”。
分为“风”“雅”“颂”三部分,“雅”分为“大雅”和“小雅”,有诗105篇,是宫廷乐歌。
B. 《左传》相传是春秋时期左丘明所作,是根据鲁史写的编年体史书。
C. 《史记》是我国第一部纪传体通史,作者司马迁。
鲁迅称《史记》为“史家之绝唱,无韵之《离骚》”。
D. 《木兰诗》是我国南北朝时期北方的一首长篇叙事民歌,记述了木兰代父从军的事迹。
5. 下列句子中,加点成语使用不恰当的一项是()A. 春天的植物园,百花齐放,争奇斗艳,美不胜收。
B. 他这个人性格直爽,心直口快,有什么说什么。
C. 我们对别人的成功经验虽然也不乏溢美之词,但关键是要学习他们的实质精神。
2024年春季高考高三模拟考试英语试题本试卷分卷一(选择题)和卷二(非选择题)两部分。
满分80分,考试时间60分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
卷一(选择题,共55分)一、英语知识运用(本题共25个小题,每小题1分,共25分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求,请将符合题目要求的选项选出)1. —How is everything with you—________A. Well, pretty goodB. How do you doC. No, I don’t think soD. And you2. Today is September 10th. It’s ________ Day. Let’s say “Thank you” to our teachers.A. Teacher’sB. the Teachers’C. TeachersD. Teachers’3. —Is it ________ mobile phone—No, it isn’t. ________ is left in the office.A. you; IB. your; MyC. yours; MineD. your; Mine4. —Is that your headmaster—You mean the man ________ blueA. onB. withC. inD. at5. It’s getting dark, ________ they’re still working.A. andB. butC. soD. or6. Our National Day is on ________ first day in ________ October.A. a; theB. the; aC. the; /D. a; /7. — Hello, may I speak to John, please— ________A. It’s me. Who are youB. I’m. Who’s thatC. Who’s callingD. This is John speaking.8. ________ of the students in our class ________ going to summer camp in Beijing.A. Two third; isB. Two thirds; isC. Two third; areD. Two thirds; are9. A craftsman is a man who makes things ________ with his hands.A. skillB. skillfulC. skillfullyD. skills10. — ________ into the night sky spelling the message “One World One Family”. We were very excited about it.— Yeah. As a Chinese we were proud of it.A. Up went the fireworksB. Went up the fireworksC. Up did the fireworks goD. Up the fireworks went11 —I’d like to go to Hainan for a vacation. Could you a rrange a tour for me—________.A. You’d better notB. No problemC. My pleasureD. You are welcome12. The question is ________ the film is worth seeing.A. whereB. thatC. whetherD. what13. The climate is a complex system: ________ warming adds its uncertainty.A. culturalB. traditionalC. efficientD. global14. —Why do so many Indian companies want her to work for them—She can deal with foreign customers very well. It’s her ________.A. decisionB. shortageC. satisfactionD. advantage15. —The pen with ________ she is writing is Jeff’s.—Yeah. Jeff is looking for the pen.A. thatB. whomC. whichD. who16. —I’ll enter the speech competition tomorrow.—________.A. Good luckB. With pleasureC. CongratulationsD. Good idea17. The conflict between Russia and Ukraine ________ on the Feb. 24th, 2022.A. stood outB. got throughC. took inD. broke out18. John, read the text for us, ______A. does heB. will heC. do youD. will you19. — A subway will be built in our hometown before 2022. — ______! Will it pass my houseA. What an excited newsB. What exciting newsC. How an excited newsD. How exciting news20. —It’s getting dark. I’m afraid I must be leaving.— ______.A. OK, let’s goB. What a pityC. See you laterD. You are nice21. Every student likes the woman teacher ______ temper is very gentle.A. whoseB. whoC. thatD. whom22. — ______— I graduated from Shandong University.A. When do you graduate fromB. What kind of job are you applying forC. Do you have any experienceD. What kind of education have you got23. — I want to know when Lucy ______ to my birthday party this Sunday.—I don’t know. But I think she will tell me when she ______.A. comes; comesB. comes; will comeC. will come; comesD. will come; will come24. According to this advertisement, you can find ______. Apartment For Rent Quiet (near community park) 221 Hope Rd, 10th floor 95sqms, 2-bed, 1-bath, 1-living; parking lot 6000yuan/month Call 6358-6699, Mr. SmithA. the apartment is on 221st floorB. there is no parking spaceC. this apartment is very quietD. you should pay 60000 yuan every year25. What is the following information aboutTablet 2-3 times daily. The tablets should be taken during meals and swallowed with water. Children should follow medical advice.A. InstructionsB. PlanC. TimetableD. Schedule二、阅读理解(本题共15个小题,每小题2分,满分30分。
2017 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(1 月份)(暨2017 年上海市普通高校春季招生统一考试)上海英语模拟I 卷考生注意:1.考试时间100 分钟,试卷满分115 分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I 卷和第II 卷,全卷共11 页。
所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前,务必在答题纸上填写姓名、报名号(春考考生填写春考报名号)、考场号和座位号,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
第I 卷(共100 分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a bookstore. B. In a grocery store.C. In a department store.D. In a stationery store.2. A. She has to leave now. B. The man also has to leave now.C. Twenty minutes is enough.D. She’ll be about twenty minutes late.3. A. That the woman live with Jane and Tina.B. That the woman ask Tina to be her roommate.C. That the woman and Vivian be roommates.D. That the woman share a room with Jane.4. A. They are not allowed to have a party at school.B. They want to give Assim a surprise after school.C. They can’t find Ass im at lunchtime.D. They will have a meeting after lunch.5. A. He didn’t do very well in school. B. He won’t graduate this summer.C. He is too young to run a company.D. He is able to apply his knowledge.6. A. They don’t have any lunch special to day.B. There are fewer people than usual.C. There will be more people in the restaurant at dinner time.D. It’s very busy.7. A. Buy the computer at a discount store.B. Put an ad in the university newspaper for a computer.C. Go to a computer store to buy the computer.D. Buy the computer at university as part of a special offer.8. A. The other apartment is twice as good.B. The rent is cheaper than the one they just saw.C. The other apartment is more expensive.D. The other apartment costs $300 a month.9. A. To write up his laboratory assignments for his chemistry class.B. To write a paper for his history class.C. To study for his English examinations.D. To prepare for his mathematics test.10. A. A teacher. B. A postman. C. A policeman. D. A bus driver.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear one short passage and two longer conversations. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passage and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. He regards it as an ideal job and is afraid of losing it.B. He likes this job and does it professionally.C. It is a job looked down upon by other people.D. It is not his dream job when he spends much time waiting.12. A. Check fuel, water and brakes.B. Check oil, brakes and tyres.C. Check the water levels, brakes and lights.D. Check the safety and clean the car.13. A. He is well-organized with good driving skills and politeness.B. He is waiting patiently outside, opening the door for passengers and making thecar safe.C. He neither eats snacks, nor watches television in the car.D. He shouldn’t get angry and always keep calm.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The differences between poor and good chocolate.B. The benefits of eating chocolate.C. The ingredients in high quality chocolate.D. The way to taste the quality of chocolate.15. A. With vitamins and minerals.B. With only cocoa and cocoa butter.C. With less than 30% sugar and vegetable fat.D. With reddish color or dark color.16. A. Making people feel happy. B. Reducing heart diseases.C. Testing sweet and smelling good.D. Supplying nutrition.Questions 17 through 19 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Basic presentation techniques. B. Aspects of the university facilities.C. Basic needs of university students.D. Methods of doing investigations.18. A. The university library. B. The sports centre.C. Transport.D. Public services.19. A. The number of bike sheds is inadequate for students’ needs.B. More students cycle rather than use the bus.C. Students have to pay to use the bike sheds.D. The university can’t afford to build more bi ke sheds.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Experience of accidentSeveral factors led to my recent car accident. First of all, a heavy snow and freezing rain that had fallen the day before made the road I was driving on dangerous. The road had been cleared, (21)________ it was still dangerously icy. (22)________ the slippery road, I was stupidly going along (23)________ about 50 miles an hour, instead of driving more cautiously. (24)________ factor was a dirty green van that suddenly pulled onto the road from a small crossroad of the street about fifty yards ahead of me. The road (25)________(cover) with a sheet of ice at that point and if I applied my brakes, I would steer into the van. So I carefully drove my car into the next lane, and though the rear of my car began skidding back and forth, for a moment I got the idea (26)________ everything was OK as I drove past the slow-moving van.Unfortunately, the rear of my V olkswagen was heavy (27)________ the engine was there and also because there was a new weight-lifting set (28)________(lay) in the back seat, the result of (29)________ was that after I passed the van, my car turned completely around on the slippery road. I was desperately sliding down the highway backwards at 50 miles an hour. Then I slid off the road, (30)________(hit) a wooden fence post. My left rear taillight was broken in the process. Then I suddenly saw a telephone pole about only 6 feet to the right of me, and I realized my accident could have really been a disaster.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Advantages and disadvantages of shopping online Everyone who knows Olivia Griffiths is impressed by her unique sense of style. Whenever she walks into a room, heads turn. Her friends wonder how she managed to get the new Mulberry handbag that no one had thought was ___31___ in Australia yet.The truth is that Olivia has never left Australia. But with a few clicks of her computer mouse, she can travel to shopping ___32___ around the world. Online shopping has ___33___ the consumer experience. With the help of an increasing number of online shops overseas, shoppers can now pick up interesting goods from all over the world.The biggest advantage of shopping on foreign websites is the wide range of choices available. For example, Chinese shoppers are often disappointed when Gap products are not available locally. But now it’s possible to order these products straight from the US with a credit card and a small ___34___ fee. Other benefits of online shopping include ___35___ prices. When items are bought online from other countries, they’re often tax-free.However, when you buy things from a foreign website, things can get ___36___ too. So make sure you pay extra attention to protecting your rights.Sometimes it can be difficult to handle foreign websites because of the unfamiliar language. For example, the term “delivered in 1-5 working days” can be confusing for Chinese shoppers, as it doesn’t clarify w hether this is the time in which the product will arrive or the time it takes for it to be ___37___.The method of delivering can also determine whether you get your product at all. Unless you choose express or priority delivering, which only takes a few days to deliver but is more expensive, most ___38___ international delivering doesn’t offer a tracking option ― which means once your products are ___39___ outside of the country there’s no way of finding out where they are.The best consumers are the most sensible ones. If you’re interested in expanding your shopping ___40___ to foreign websites, make sure you do your research beforehand to avoid your money and products being lost on the way.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Jaguars (美洲虎)A jaguar is an endangered animal. It is said that there are less than 20 in the world ___41___, one of which is now living in the national zoo of Peru. In order to protect this jaguar, Peruvians singled out a pitch of land in the zoo for it, where there are flocks of animals for it to eat. Anyone ___42___ has visited the zoo praised it to be th e “Heaven of Tiger”. However, no one has ever seen the jaguar hunt the animals. What we could see is its lying in its house eating and sleeping.Some people thought the jaguar felt too lonely so they rented a female tiger to accompany it. Nevertheless, it did not make ___43___. The jaguar just sometimes went out of its house with its “girlfriend” and stayed in the sun for a while.“It is ___44___ for the jaguar to be lazy in this environment. A tiger is the king of forest but you simply put some small ___45___ around him. That is why it showed no ___46___ to go out. Why don’t you put two wolves around him?” a visitor proposed.Others ___47___ him and put five panthers into its ___48___. Since then, the jaguar didn’t go back to its house any more. It either s tood on top of the hill roaring or ___49___ from the hill strolling without sleeping all day, totally got back to its ___50___.In our world, ___51___ creature without ant rivals is lifeless. If a man lives without ___52___, he is bound to be satisfied with the present and will not strive for the better. ___53___ environment tends to ___54___ successful people. Therefore, your rivals are not your enemies, but your good friends! In our lives, we need some rivals to be particular about us and supervise us with ___55___ requirements and standards. Due to our rivals, we can bring out our potential to the best!41. A. accurately B. currently C. possibly D. absolutely42. A. which B. when C. who D. that43. A. difference B. efforts C. progress D. effects44. A. particular B. interesting C. understandable D. regular45. A. vegetables B. creatures C. animals D. plants46. A. interest B. passion C. appearance D. evidence47. A. approved of B. argued on C. suspected for D. followed after48. A. courtyard B. space C. cage D. territory49. A. put down B. went down C. turned down D. get down50. A. world B. reality C. nature D. position51. A. every B. the C. no D. one52. A. failures B. opponents C. difficulties D. helpers53. A. Difficult B. Peculiar C. Different D. Terrible54. A. achieve B. produce C. cultivate D. build55. A. obvious B. strict C. hard D. neededSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)You may have heard a lot about the people collecting stamps or coins. However, have you heard about people who like to collect paper cups or wrapping paper, things that we see every day but might not have for once looked at seriously?Jeffrey Brown, a 32-year-old NET teacher from the UK, was very interested when he first saw the paper cups used in Chinese tea restaurants in Hong Kong. “You can see these orange and white pretty cups all the time when you buy takeaway drinks at a local tea restaurant. The patterns on the outside of the cups are unique. Yet people in Hong Kong just see straight through them,” he said. “They think these paper cups look all the same, but in fact each of them looks a bit different from the others. If you pay attention, you’ll notice some of these paper cups have spiral (螺旋) patterns on them, some of them have patterns of waves. There is a large number of variations.”Jeffrey now owns over 200 paper cups, all in the color of white and orange but with different designs. When people offer to buy his cups, he simply refuses.Another collector, Stacey Cheng, likes to collect sweets wrapping paper and uses it to make decorative art. Her work is among the most popular goods in local gift shops. “I started collecting them when I was 4,” she said smiling. “When I finished a sweet, I wouldn’t let my mum throw away the wrapping paper because it looked so pretty.” Now, whenever Stacey enters a snack shop, the first thing she doe s is to look for new products with special designs. “Once I finish the sweets, I keep the wrapping paper. Sometimes I treat my friends to the snacks just to get the wrapping paper sooner,” she said. “They can’t be happier when I do so.”56. You may find this text in a magazine about _______.A. lifeB. travelC. historyD. science57. What does “variations” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. collectionsB. hobbiesC. differencesD. cups58. Stacey collects the wrapping paper because it _______.A. likes its patternsB. has wonderful designsC. is easy to collectD. can be a sweet memory59. This text mainly talks about _______.A. special collectionsB. patterns of wrapping cupsC. people who enjoy special collectionsD. people who are fond of wrapping cups.(B)The following safety risks may result in serious injury or death to the user of the MINI Cooper S:● This product contains small parts that are for adult assembly only. Keep small children away when assembling. Remove all protective materials before assembly. Besure to remove all packaging materials and parts from underneath the car body.● Battery posts contain lead known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Never open the battery.● Body parts such as hands, legs, hair and clothing can get caught in moving parts. Never place a body part near a moving part or wear loose clothing while using the vehicle. Always wear shoes when using the vehicle.● Using the vehicle near streets, motor vehicles, drop-offs such as steps, water (swimming pools) or other bodies of water, hills, wet areas, in alleys, at night or in the dark could result in an unexpected accident. Instead, use the vehicle on the highway. Always use the vehicle in a safe, secure environment.● Using the vehicle in unsafe conditions such as snow, rain, loose dirt, mud, or sand may result in unexpected action, for example tip over.● Using the vehicle in an unsafe manner. Examples include but are not limited to:Pulling the vehicle with another vehicle or similar device.Allowing more than two riders.Pushing the user from the back.Traveling at an unsafe speed.● Always use common sense and safe practices when using the vehicle.● Store the vehicle indoors or cover it to protect it from weather.Water will damage the motor, electric system, and battery.60. When assembling, you should _______.A. open the battery on the spotB. ignore the packaging materialsC. take away all protective materialsD. keep small children off the spot61. According to the text, it’s safer to _______.A. on the highway instead of on hillsB. push the user from behind at the startC. have at least 4 passengersD. wear loose clothes while using the vehicle62. Where can you probably find the text?A. An official report.B. A popular magazine.C. A physics textbook.D. A product handbook.(C)Foreseeing a time when a patient’s own cells may be harvested, multiplied, and fashioned into a replacement organ, researchers in Boston have successfully transplanted laboratory grown bladders (肾) into six dogs.For a century, physicians have replaced diseased or damaged bladders by removing sections of a person’s intestines (肠子) and shaping them into a substitute bladder. While the procedure offers some relief to patients, complications often develop because nature designs intestinal tissue for a purpose — absorbing nutrients —other than holding waste liquid of the body. “You start absorbing stuff that should be removed,” says Anthony Atala of the Children’s Hospital in Boston.Other physicians have turned to human-made materials to create artificialbladders, but those efforts have also run into problems. Consequently, to build a better bladder, Atala and his colleagues decided to emp loy the organ’s own cells.To turn the cells into an organ, the researchers first form plastic which can break down naturally into bladder-shaped shell. They then coat its outside and inside with layers of cells needed.To test this strategy, Atala’s group obtained bladder tissue from dogs and grew it into organs. After removing the dogs’ bladders, the investigators implanted(移植) the artificial ones coming from the dogs’ own cells. Within a month, the organs began to perform like normal bladders.Within three months, the plastic shells had broken down naturally, and the implanted organs were hard to distinguish from natural ones. Blood vessels(血管) quickly grew into them. Moreover, nerves seem to form proper connections with the new organs, allowing the dogs to regain normal control of their bladders. Some dogs have had the artificial bladders for nearly a year without any problems.While the bladders of dogs closely resemble those of people, Atala warns that more testing of this transplant strategy must occur before artificial bladders are ready for the clinic.63. The traditional method of shaping parts of intestines into a substitute bladder_______.A. allows the patient to absorb useless thingsB. brings the patient a lot of sufferingsC. prevents the patient from absorbing nutrientsD. worsens both the function of the intestines and the bladder64. The artificial bladders implanted in dogs _______.A. worked perfectly as long as three monthsB. began to work as well as a normal one in a few weeksC. proved to be able to work for several yearsD. did not work properly until after a month65. Why is it suggested that more testing should be made?A. What suits dogs’ bladders will also suit human bladders.B. Dogs’ bladders can be implanted into hu man bodies.C. Human bladders may well be different from dogs.D. Artificial bladders grown in dogs can be used for human beings.66. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The way of turning intestines into bladders.B. The prospect of manufacturing plastic bladders.C. The history of making artificial bladders.D. The possibility of making bladders from their own cells.Section CDirections:Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Criticisms in lifeCriticism can be divided into two types.The first type is when someone expresses their disapproval. This is the type of criticism that can be the most hurtful. Parents might express their disapproval of your choice in career, friends or lifestyle. People may criticize how you dress or the way you act. It can be terribly unpleasant to tolerate (容忍) it.The second type of criticism involves pointing out your weaknesses and mistakes. No one is perfect, yet many imperfect peop le seem to find it extremely easy to “let us know” when we mess up. _____67_____ And the fact that they are telling us what we already know makes it much more annoying. When people express their disapproval of some area of your life you first need to consider how you feel about it. You need to be secure in who you are and the decisions that you make. _____68_____ Remember that there is a difference between being firm in your choices and being stubborn (固执的). Don’t be stubborn. Be mature enough to truly hear what they are saying, even if you don’t agree with it at first. _____69_____ If not, just let it go and trust that they meant well, but what they were saying is not for you. Don’t be mad at them._____70_____ Improving yourself works best if you can see yourself from different angles. Other people have different views on what you are doing and can help you. If you are one of those people who just want to learn the hard way, try listening to some advice for a change. It might do you some good.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.How to deal with Whiners (抱怨不停的人)?There are always some people radiating negativity in the work place. For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool, the canteen food is awful, and they are always treated unfairly.Career experts say such habitual complainers are highly contagious (会蔓延的) and that their attitude c an easily affect an entire team in a company. “While some complaints might be reasonable, others are taken from thin air. You need to see between these different types and adopt the right strategy towards each,” said Li Ling,HR manager at Wal-Mart (China).It’s especially hard to deal with complaints at work because you can’t just walk away or put your colleagues’ words out of mind. If you do, it will hurt your co-workers and you might be isolated. In a team-based company you belong to a group and need to behave accordingly. But don’t show too much sympathy. Listening passively to others’ complaints could damage your image and give others the impression that you agree with them. “Listen to the whiners actively,” says HR Li. “Help them find a solution, or see if there are ways to improve the situation.”Zhai Min, 24, a software engineer at Kingdee International Software Group in Shenzhen, found that 3 elderly workers liked to complain about everything, from extended working hours to cheap hotels on business t rips. “I let them talk about their opinions,” she said, “They feel better when they can tell someone how they want things to be.”But listening actively is far from enough. Wang Dianxue, 27, is an Internet engineer at Beijing Push Marcom Group. His co-workers always complain that their computer systems are not working properly. “I ask about the specifics and work together with them to fix everything technically.” he said.HR managers believe that when staffs complain, it is more a matter of recognition than an actual problem. “The real problem is that the whiners don’t feel they are being taken seriously,” said Xu Jun, HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. “When you attentively give them advice or perspectives, the problem usually disappears.”第II 卷(共15 分)V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 他很少意识到与别人交流的重要性。