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高考英语语法主谓一致高频考点精讲

高考英语语法主谓一致高频考点精讲
高考英语语法主谓一致高频考点精讲

高考英语语法主谓一致高频考点精讲

关键词:

语法一致:单,复,and, lots,不定, 定从,完倒,就远

意义一致:时长,书名,all,集,算,学,the 名and名,the形,number

就近一致:略

注:N为单数名词或不可数;Ns为复数名词;+谓【单】;+谓【复】;+谓【单/复】

概述:

主谓一致是主语和谓语动词在人称和数方面保持一致.常见的现象是am/is/are; was/were; have/has; do/does一般现在式第三人称单数。

考点一、语法一致原则

语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致,即通常情况下,谓语动词的单复数形式依主语的单复数形式而定。

(一)单数名或代词;to do/doing+谓【单】(Whto do/to do/doing and Whto do/to do/doing+谓【复】);主语复谓语复;trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes+谓【复】,但 a (the) pair of trousers/ glasses/clothes/shoes+谓【单】。

(二)A and B/both A and B+谓【复】。

(三)①“a lot of/ the majority of/plenty of;the rest of/ /half of /percent of+N/Ns”+谓【单/复】;②quantities/masses of +N/Ns+谓【复】;a quantity/mass of N/Ns+谓【单】;③an amount of/a great deal of N+谓【单】;④more than one/many a N+谓【单】

(四)不定代词either/neither/each/every /no +N和some/any/ no/every+thing/body/one+谓【单】.注意:either/neither of+ Ns+谓【单】; none of+ Ns+谓【单/复】;none of+ N+谓【单】。

(五)定语从句中的主谓一致:

“one of+Ns+ that/who/which+谓【复】”

“the only one of+Ns+that/who/which Ns+谓【单】.

(六)在完全倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例句:

Such(be) the result.

Such (be) the facts.

On the wall (be) many pictures.

(七)

考点二、意义一致原则

逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致(因有时主语形式为单数,但意义为复数;有时形式为复数,但意义为单数)

(一)时间、重量、长度、价值名复+谓【单】(因为名词在概念上是一个整体)。

(二)书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复+谓【单】。

例句: The Arabian Nights_______ (be) an interesting story-book.

(三)all,what, who, which等作主语+谓【单/复】靠意思来决定。例句:

What he needs_______ (be) money.

What he needs_______ (be)some good books.

All_______ (be) going well.

All_______ (have) gone to Beijing.

Which_______ (be) your bag?

Which_______ (be)your bags?

例句: Thirty minutes_______ (be)enough for the work.

(四)集体名词指整个集体+谓【单】;指集体成员+谓【复】(有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等)。例句:

Class Four_______ (be)unable to agree upon a monitor.

Class Four_______ (be)on the third floor.

名词people, police, cattle+谓【复】。例句:

The police_______ (be)looking for the lost child.

(五)算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数+谓【单】。例句:

Twelve plus eight_______ (be)twenty.

Fifty-six divided by eight_______ (be)seven

(六)mathematics, politics, physics学科词与news, works等“形复意单”的名+谓【单】。例句:

I think physics_______ (be)easy to study.

The paper works_______ (be)built in 1990.

(七)“the N and the N”+谓【复】;“ the N and N+谓【单】;bread and butter(黄油), knife and fork (刀叉),iron and steel+谓【单】;the adj/Ved指一类人+谓【复】。

(八) a number of+Ns+谓【复】;the number of+ Ns+谓【复】。

考点三、就近一致原则

在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。

(一)当两个主语由either A or B, neither A nor B, whether A or B, not only A but also B+谓【单/复】谓语和邻近的主语一致。

例句:

Either the teacher or the students_______ (be)our friends.

_______ (be) neither they nor he wholly right?

Neither they nor he _______ (be)wholly right.

(二)there be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语,则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。例句:

There_______ (be)two chairs and a desk in the room.

There_______ (be)a desk and two chairs in the room.

初中英语中主谓一致详解

主谓一致详解 【基础知识】 主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。对大多数人来说,往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。一般情况下,主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配: 语法一致原则(grammatical concord) 意义一致原则(notional concord) 就近原则(principle of proximity) (一)语法一致原则 用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致,就是语法一致。也就是说,如果名词中心词是单数,动词用单数形式;如果名词中心词是复数,动词用复数形式。例如: This table is a genuine antique. Both parties have their own advantages. Her job has something to do with computers. She wants to go home. They are divorcing each other. Mary was watching herself in the mirror. The bird built a nest. Susan comes home every week-end. (二)意义一致原则 有时,主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义,而不是语法上的单、复数形式,这样的一致关系就是意义一致。例如: Democratic government gradually take the place of an all-powerful monarchy. A barracks was attacked by the guerilla. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. The United States is a developed country. It is the remains of a ruined palace. The archives was lost.

初中英语语法主谓一致

初中英语语法主谓一致 LELE was finally revised on the morning of December 16, 2020

I.单数主语: 1.当 every-, some-, any-, no- 等构成的不定代词及 each, either, neither 作主语时,谓语动词为单数。 ● Someone has told me about it. ● Neither of us likes the film. 2.当 every 或 each 位于两个由连接词连接的单数主语前,谓语动词用单数。(必记之要点!) ● Each girl and boy has a . ● Every man and woman is welcome. 3.位于主谓之间的介词短语不影响谓语动词的数,谓语动词须和主语一致。常见介词短语有:in addition to, together with, as well as, along with, but, except, etc. (这是一几乎所有考试都不愿放过的重点。) ● The teacher along with his students is going to the party. ● His parents as well as his elder si ster have come to see him. II.复数主语: 1.当主语由 and 或 both ... and 连接,通常采用复数谓语动词。 ● Both the girl and the boy are his friends.

高考英语语法综合练习 主谓一致

[主谓一致] 高考语法综合练习 选用括号内适当的动词。 1.Two hours__________(is,are)not long enough for this test. 2.One and a half apples__________(is,are)left on the table. 3.One and a half days__________(is,are)all I can spare. 4.There__________(is,are)two pairs of glasses on the table. 5.Traffic police__________(is,are)always very busy. 6.The English__________(likes,like)to be with their family at Christmas. 7.His family__________(is,are)all very well. 8.About twenty percent of the students in our class__________(is,are)girls. 9.All__________(is,are)here.Let's start our meeting. 10.What the children want__________(is,are)storybooks. 11.This is the one of the books on the subject that__________(has,have)ever been written in Chinese. 12.Bread and butter__________(is,are)a daily food in the west. 13.No man and no woman__________(is,are)going to do such a shameful thing. 14.Not only my brother but also I__________(am,is)going there. 15.Mary as well as her classmates__________(has,have)learned to drive a tractor. 16.There__________(is,are)more than one answer to your question. 17.Two thirds of the population of the city__________(is,are)immigrants(移民). 18.The students each__________(has,have)a dictionary. 参考答案: 1.is。表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词作主语,通常看作整体,谓语用单数。 2.are。如果“one and a half+复数名词”作主语,指时间时谓语用单数,如下题。

高考英语语法必考知识点

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高考英语语法知识点总结

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l主谓一致讲解最全面主谓一致讲解

主谓一致的讲解 主谓一致是指: 1)语法形式上要一致,即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较:the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意:指同一个人或物时,并列主语前只用一个冠词,指不同的需要分别加冠词,但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意:many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时,谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉

初中英语语法归纳总结及主谓一致

初中英语语法归纳总结及主谓一致 语法归纳总结 一. 词类 英语词类分十种:名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1. 名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。 例:boy, morning, bag, home, class, orange. 2. 代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。 例:who, she, you, it . 3. 形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。 例:good, right, white . 4. 数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。 例:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5. 动词(v.):表示动作或状态。 例:am, is,are,have,see . 6. 副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。 例:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7. 冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。 例:a, an, the. 8. 介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。 例in, on, from, above, behind. 9. 连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。 例and, but, before . 10. 感叹词(interj..):表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。

例:oh, well, hi, hello. 二. 句子成分 英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1. 主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 例:I’m Miss Green.我是格林小姐。 2. 谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。 例:Jack cleans the room every day. 杰克每天打扫房间。 3. 表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担 任。 例:My name is Ping ping. 我的名字叫萍萍。 4. 宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 例:He can spell the word. 他能拼这个词。 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语 一般放在直接宾语的前面。 例:He wrote me a letter. 他给我写了一封信。 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。 例:He wrote a letter to me. 他给我写了一封信。 5. 定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。 例:Shanghai is a big city. 上海是个大城市。 6. 状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。 例:He works hard. 他工作努力。 7. 宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。

新课标高考英语重点语法范例归总十三类

新课标高考英语重点语法范例归总十三类(总61页) -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1 -CAL-本页仅作为文档封面,使用请直接删除

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1

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一致原则
考点详解 6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体, 它的谓
例句 Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four are unable to agree upon a
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2

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