句子的种类
(1)一般疑问句
用来询问一件事或情况是否属实。用yes 或 no 来回答。
(2)特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词加一般疑问句构成，不能用yes来no回答。一般用完整的回答或是直接回答疑问词的提问。Where are you from? I am from Beijing. 或Beijing.
(3)选择疑问句
提供两种或两种以上的选项供对方选择，前面的选项之间用逗号分隔开来，后两项之间用or连接，回答时选择一种。
Would you like a pear, an apple or a banana ? I’d like a b anana。
(4)反意疑问句
由陈述句加一个简短问句构成，简短问句对陈述句提出相反的疑问。如果陈述句部分是肯定，后面问句就用否定形式；陈述句部分是否定，简短问句则用肯定形式。
He likes music, doesn’t he?
Yes,he does. 是的，他喜欢。No,he doesn’t. 不，他不喜欢。
He doesn’t like music, does he ?
Yes,he does. 不，他喜欢。No,he doesn’t. 是的，他喜欢。
即回答应该按实际情况来回答，实际情况是肯定的，就用yes。否定的就用no.
小学英语一般疑问句，否定句以及对划线部分提问的解题指导
改为一般疑问句：
先找am, is, are, was, were或can, would，放在最前面，
如没有则判断是否为过去式，是则动词改为原形，句前加Did，其余照抄；
不是则判断是否为第三人称单数，是则动词改为原形，句前加Does,其余照抄
以上都不是，则句前加Do，其余照抄。
改为否定句：
方法和上面一样，
先找am, is, are, was, were或can, would，再后加not，其余照抄
如没有则判断是否为过去式，是则动词改为原形，人后加didn’t，其余照抄；
不是则判断是否为第三人称单数，是则动词改为原形，人后加doesn’t,其余照抄
以上都不是，则人后加don’t，其余照抄
对划线部分提问：
①用适当的疑问词代替划线部分，②将剩余部分改为一般疑问句
（注：如划线部分为主语，则用who代替，其余照抄；如划线部分为动词或动词短语，则用do代替，句前加what，再改为一般疑问句）例如：
He is running now.----- He isn’t running now.---Is he running now?
---Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.
They are making a puppet.---- They aren’t making a puppet.---Are they making a puppet? ---Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.
I often watch TV in the evening.------ I don’t often watch TV in the evening.----
Do you often watch TV in the evening?-----Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
He plays football after school. ---- He doesn’t play football after school.
Does he play football after school?----Yes, he does. No,he doesn’t.
We began class at 8 o’clock yesterday.------ We didn’t begin class at 8 o’clock yesterday.
Did you begin class at 8 o’clock yesterday? ---Yes,we do. No, we don’t.
练一练：
1、填入适当的疑问词。
1) _____wallet is it? It’s mine.2) ____is the Christmas Day? It’s on t he 25th of Decem ber.
3)________is the diary? It’s under the chair. 4) ______is the boy in blue? He’s Mik
e.
5)________are the earphones? They are 25 yuan. 6)________is it today? It’s Sunda
y. 7)_____is this red one? It’s beautiful.8)___is it from here? It’s about 2 kilom etres away.
9)______is your cousin? He’s 15years old. 10)________do you have dinner? At 6 o’clo ck.
11) ___________one is fatter, the blue one or the red one? The blue one.
2、对划线部分提问。
1) I can see eight rubbers in the box. _________can _____see in the box?
2) My father is fine today. _______ your father toda y?
3) Liu Tao is playing football in the playground. _______Liu Tao_____ in the playgrou nd?
4) My birthday is on the 9th of September. _____________ your birthday?
5) I’d like a nice cake for breakfast. ______________ like for breakfas t?
6) That’s Nancy’s skirt. ___________ is that?
3、按要求改写句子。
1) It’s a book.（改为一般疑问句）____________________________________ _
2) My father is in the office.（对划线部分提问）________________________________
3) Do you watch TV every Sunday?（做肯定回答）______________
4) This picture is beautiful.（改为以what引导的感叹句） What ____________picture!
5) Open the door for him.（改为否定句）_____________________________
6) I have a big present.（对划线部分提问）_______________________________?
7) There are some orange trees.（改为单数句子）__________________________________.
8) we are going to see a Beijing opera.（对划线部分提问）_______________________ ?
9) He has some questions.（改为一般疑问句）___________________________ _?
10) They visited their relatives and friends last Spring Festival.（改为一般疑问句）
_______they ______their relatives and friends last Spring Festival?
二、基本句型：
1.主 + 谓语动词（S+V）如： I work. You study. They swim.
2.主语 + 系动词 + 表语（s +linkv +p）
We are in the classroom. They look like twins.
The food tastes delicious. Leaves turn green.
3.主语 + 谓动 + 宾语（S+V+O） She studies English. They play football.
4. 主语 + 谓动 + 宾语 + 补语（S+V+O+C） We should keep our class clean.
5. 主语 + 谓动 + 间接宾语(人) +直接宾语（物）（S+V+IO+DO）
My mother made me a new dress. The teacher gave us some books.
三、按结构分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1.简单句：只包括一个主语和谓语的句子。例如：He likes swimming. We are students.
2．并列句：包含两个或两个以上主语和谓语结构的句子，句与句之间用并列连词或分号来连接。如：
小学英语语法知识点专项练习 一、名词复数规则 写出下列各词的复数 I_________ him_________ this ________ her ______ watch _______ child_______ photo _______ diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry_____thief_______ peach______ sandwich______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice_______ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________ 二、一般现在时用法专练: 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry_________ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly __________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______ drink________ start_______ 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays? 7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _______(like) cooking. 12. They _______(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _______(do) your homework well. 15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed. 16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term. 20. －What day _______(be) it today? －It’s Saturday. 改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? ________________________ 2. Does he likes going fishing? ________________________
小学英语课堂常用句型： 1. Today we are going to learn…We’re going to have a new lesson today.今天我们要上新课。 2. First let’s have a revision.首先我们复习一下。 3. Who can answer this question谁能回答这个问题 4. Do you have any questions 你们有问题吗 5. Let’s do so me action 6. Read after me.( Follow me.) / Read after the tape./ Read one by one. 7. Let’s make some sentences. 8. If you can answer my questions, please put up your hand . 9. Put up your hands if you have any questions.如果有问题请举手。 10. Raise your hands, please.请举手。 11. Open your book 12. Close your book./ Look at the blackboard./(screen ) 13. All eyes on me, please. 请都看着我。 14. Open your book, turn to page… 15. Take out your book./pen/pencil. 16. Retell the dialogue. / recite the dialogue . 17. Here are your exercise 18. Here are exercise-books. Please hand them out.这是练习本，请发下去。 19. No more talking, please.请安静。 20. Attention, please.请注意。
句子的种类 类别例句用法 陈述句肯 定 This is a bag. I like spring. 描述一件事情或者说明 说话人的看法 陈述句否 定 I can’t see a bag over there. I don't know. 描述一件事情或者说明 说话人的看法 疑问句一 般 Are you a student? Does she get up early? Do you like swimming? Can you speak English? 用于提出问题特 殊 when什么时间；who谁；whose谁的；where在哪里；which 哪一个；why为什么；what什么；what time什么时间；what colour什么颜色；what about……怎么样；what day星期 几；what date什么日期；what for为何目的；how怎样； how old多大岁数；how many数量多少；how much多少钱； how about……怎么样；how far多远 选 择 Is your friend a boy or a girl? 反 意 It’s a fine day, isn’t it? 祁使句肯 定 Put it here. 表示命令、建议或请求否 定 Don’t look at the noticeboard. 感叹句How smart the scarf is! What a smart scarf! How hard he studies! 表示惊讶、喜悦、赞美、 厌恶或愤怒等强烈感情 (1)一般疑问句 用来询问一件事或情况是否属实。用yes 或 no 来回答。 (2)特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词加一般疑问句构成，不能用yes来no回答。一般用完整的回答或是直接回答疑问词的提问。Where are you from? I am from Beijing. 或Beijing. (3)选择疑问句 提供两种或两种以上的选项供对方选择，前面的选项之间用逗号分隔开来，后两项之间用or连接，回答时选择一种。 Would you like a pear, an apple or a banana ? I’d like a b anana。 (4)反意疑问句 由陈述句加一个简短问句构成，简短问句对陈述句提出相反的疑问。如果陈述句部分是肯定，后面问句就用否定形式；陈述句部分是否定，简短问句则用肯定形式。 He likes music, doesn’t he? Yes,he does. 是的，他喜欢。No,he doesn’t. 不，他不喜欢。 He doesn’t like music, does he ? Yes,he does. 不，他喜欢。No,he doesn’t. 是的，他喜欢。
小学 英语 总复 习句子专项 练习 题 写答 句 . 1 What did you do last weekend ? （ 学中 文） ______________________________________________ 2 .Did they read books yesterday ? （ 爬山 ） ___________________________________________ 3 . When does Tom go to school? (7:10) _________________________________ ___________ 4 .How does Amy go to Beijing ? （坐 飞机 ） ___________________________________________ 5 .When did Tom go to Beijing ? （ 上个 周末 ） _______________________________________________________________ 6 .What animals are they ?( 熊 猫 ) 7 .Was your mother at home yesterday ? 在家 ____________________________________________ 8 What does Tom do every Sunday? 二 写问 句 _____________________________ （ 弹钢 琴 ） 1 ___________________________________________ Amy is going to visit her grandparents this weekend 2 _______________________ ______________ ?Yes ,she saw a dog in the lake . 3 _____________________ ___ ? Yes, I teach math in the school. 4 _____________________ ___ ? Yes, Tom likes diving. 5 _____________________ ___ ? No, My father teaches English 6 _____________________ _____________ ? No ,she climbed a mountain yesterday 7 _____________________ _________ ?My mom is writing an e -mail . 8 . ___________________ ____________________ Yes ,I ' m reading a book . 三 . 就划 线部 分提 问 1 _____________________ ___ ? I bought present on my holiday. 2 _____________________ ___ ? Tom saw elepant yesterday afternoon. 3 _____________________ ___ ? My father went to Xinjiang last year. 4 _____________________ _____________ ? She went to the zoo by bike. 5 _____________________ _________ ?My mom is going to HongKong tomorrow. 6 ____________________ ___________________ I 'm reading a book . 四.补全对 话 .A : Good morning ,Amy ____________________ ? B :Yes ,I feel tired . A : ______________________________ ? B :I played football yesterday evening . A: ____________________ _________ ? B: Yes, Tom played football, too. A : ____________________ ______ ? B : I often do homework in the evening . A : ____________________________________ . B :I ' m going to have a football match this evening .
小学英语语法知识点汇总 一、名词 表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。 强调：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用is或者was； 最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断，以免受误导。 1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”： a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；读音：清辅音后读[s]，浊辅音和元音后读[z]。 b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ；读音：[iz]。 c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries ；读音：[z]。 d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives ，thief-thieves；读音：[z]。e．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况 1）有生命的+es 读音：[z] 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes 2) 无生命的+s 读音：[z] 如：photo-photos radio-radios f. 不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 2、不可数名词没有复数。 如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。
小学英语总复习-常用句子
小学英语常用句子 1、 Hello, …你好。 2、 Hi, …喂，你好。 3、 How do you do? 你好。 4、 Good morning/ afternoon/evening. 早上/下午/晚上好。 5、 Goodbye. 再见 6、 Good night. 晚安。 7、 How are you(this morning/afternoon/evening)? 你今天早晨/下午/晚上好吗？ 8、 Fine, thank you/ thanks. 我很好，谢谢。 9、 Not bad, thank you. 不错，谢谢。 10、 Welcome back to school. 欢迎回到学校来。 11、 Welcome to our school. 欢迎到我们学校来。 12、 Happy birthday! 生日快乐！ 13、 What’s your name, please? 你的名字是什么? 14、 Your name, please? 你叫什么名字？ 15、 My name is…/ I’m…我的名字是…/ 我名叫… 16、 This is Miss/ Mr/ Mrs…这位是…小姐/先生/女士。 17、 This is my friend. 这是我的朋友。 18、 Nice to meet /see you. 很高兴认识/见到你。 19、 How old is he? 他多大了？ 20、 How old are you? 你多大?
21、 Thank you./ Thanks. 谢谢。 22、 You’re welcome. 不用谢；没关系 23、 That’s all right. 没关系。 24、 I’m sorry. 对不起。 25、 Sorry, I don’t know. 对不起，我不知道。 26、 Excuse me. 对不起，打扰一下。 27、 Come in, please. 请进。 28、 What/How about…? 怎么样……？ 29、 It’s time for the cakes. 该吃些蛋糕了。 30、 May I come in? 我可以进来吗？ 31、Yes./All right. Here you are. 好的。给你。 32、 May I have yours? 我能吃你的吗？ 33、 Can I have two cakes? 我能吃两个蛋糕吗？ 34、 No, you can’t. 不，你不能。 35、 Can I have one，please? 我能吃一个吗？
小学英语句型专项练习题改为否定句 1.He can fly a kite. 2.She can do this. 3.I can swim. 4.She can skate，too. 5.I can read. And I can write too. 6.You’re Mike. 7.They are cute and fat. 8.They are in the bedroom. 9.Jane is very hungry. 10.I’m hungry. 11.It’s fifty-five yuan. 12.They’re very tall. 13.These are some pigs. 14.I like cats， too. 15.We like toy cars. 16.I have some grapes. 17.We have thirty yuan. 18.Mikes has some toy monkeys.
19.She has some toy dogs. 20.Jack likes to eat a pie on the sofa， too. 21.He likes monkeys. 22.I’d like some tables. 23.We would like some cakes. 24.Mike would like some sweets， too. 25.Open the door. 26.Close the window. 27.Listen to me. 28.Those are bananas. 29.We have some dolls， too. 30.I have some cakes too.
小学英语语法知识点汇总！ 01 人称代词 主格：I we you she he it they 宾格：me us you her him it them 形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their 名词性物主代词：mine ours yours hers his its theirs 02 形容词和副词的比较 (1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er older ,taller, longer, stronger (2) 多音节词前+more more interesting, etc. (3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er bigger fatter, etc. (4) 把y变i，再+er heavier, earlier (5) 不规则变化： well-better, much/many-more, etc. 03 可数词的复数形式 Most nouns + s abook –books
Nouns ending in aconsonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories Nouns ending in s,sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches Nouns ending in o+s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes Nouns ending in for fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves 04 不可数名词（单复数不变） bread, rice, water ,juice等。 05 缩略形式 I’m= I a，you’re = you are，she’s= she is，he’s = he is it’s= it is，who’s =who is，can’t =can not，isn’t=is not等。 06 a/an a book, a peach an egg，an hour 07 Preposition on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at,behind. 表示时间：at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast
基础知识 1. 元音音标开头的单词用an，辅音音标开头的单词用a. 2. 肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any. 3. have , has表示某人有，第三人称单数用has , 其他用have. 4. there be表示某地有……单数用there is , 复数用there are. 5. 序数词前要加“the”,序数词一般用于：①日期②第几…③名次 6. 否定句是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词“not”。有be动词（am\is\are）的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有be动词的要先在动词前面加助动词（do、does或did），再加上“not”，缩写为“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ，然后把后面的动词变回原形。 7. 一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，用“yes”，或“no”来回答。一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上进行变化：①把be动词调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号。②没有be动词的句子在句首加上助动词（do，does，did，）再把后面的动词变回原形。 8.be动词I用am, you用are, is跟着他她它, 复数后面都用are 9.助动词（do/does/did）＋动词原形…? Do+非第三人称单数 Does+第三人称单数 Did+所有主语 10.情态动词can,must,could,would,may,shall,后面跟动词原形 11.祈使句中动词用原形Let’s\Let me +动词原形… 12. 时间介词①in+年、月、季节\the morning\the afternoon ②on+日期、星期、假期 ③at+点钟\noon\night 13.音节 每个元音音标可以构成一个音节。 开音节：1）以元音字母结尾的音节。例：go，by。 2）以不发音的e结尾的音节。例：make，like。 在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。 闭音节：以辅音字母（r 除外）结尾的音节，称为闭音节。例：map，desk，is。重读闭音节是指重音在其上边，在重读的闭音节中元音字母读短元音。如run（辅音+元音+辅音的结构）
小学英语总复习句子专项练习题 一写答句. 1 What did you do last weekend ?（学中文）_________________________________________ 2 .Did they read books yesterday ?（爬山）_________________________________________ 3 . When does Tom go to school? (7:10) _________________________________________ 4 .How does Amy go to Beijing ?（坐飞机）_________________________________________ 5 .When did Tom go to Beijing ?（上个周末）_________________________________________ 6 .What animals are they ?( 熊猫)_________________________________________ 7 .Was your mother at home yesterday ? 在家_________________________________________ 8 What does Tom do every Sunday? ______________________________ (弹钢琴) 二写问句 1 ____________________________________________ Amy is going to visit her grandparents this weekend 2 ____________________________________ ?Yes ,she saw a dog in the lake . 3__________________________ ? Yes, I teach math in the school. 4__________________________? Yes, Tom likes diving. 5__________________________? No, My father teaches English 6 ____________________________________ ? No ,she climbed a mountain yesterday . 7 ________________________________?My mom is writing an e-mail . 8 ._________________________________________Yes ,I’m reading a book . 三. 就划线部分提问 1__________________________ ? I bought present on my holiday. 2__________________________? Tom saw elepant yesterday afternoon.
小学英语语法总结文档编制序号：[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]
小学英语语法总结 一、时态小结 凡是在must, mustn’t, can, can’t, let’s, don’t, may，will后的一定要用动词的原形二、名词的复数。 名词按其数,可分两种:可数名词和不可数名词. 可数名词的复数变化规则: 1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s, 如:girl-girls, book-books, pen-pens 2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词,在词后加-es, 如:class-classes, box-boxes, match-matches,
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y 为i 再加-es, 如:city-cities, family-families, country- countries 4.以f或fe结尾的,变f或fe为v再加-es, 如:knife-knives, wife-wives, life-lives, 5.以o 结尾的加-es或-s, 如: radio-radios, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes, zoo-zoos, photo-photos, 6.man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, child-children, 三、形容词的比较级、最高级。 形容词有比较级与最高级之分, 单音节词的变化规则: 1.一般情况下,直接在词尾加-er或-est, 如:small-smaller-smallest, short-shorter-shortest 2.以e结尾的,加-er或-est, 如:large-larger-largest, nice-nicer-nicest. 3.以辅音字母+y结尾的, 变y 为i 再加-er或-est, 如:busy-busier-busiest, heavy-heavier-heaviest. 4.以重读闭音节,一个辅音字母结尾的,双写该字母,再加-er或-est, 如:big-bigger-biggest, thin-thinner-thinnest. 5.多音节的词,前加more, most, 如: beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful. 6.good-better-best 四、be 动词,助动词。 现阶段be动词形式有: am, is, are, were, was, isn’t, aren’t, weren’t, wasn’t 助动词形式有: do, does, did, don’t, doesn’t, didn’t ※1. 在英语句子中进行变化的时候, 有be动词的就在be动词上变化,变“过去”, “否定”;否定过去否定 am-------am not(第一人称“I” )am, is ------ was --------- wasn’t is ------- isn’t(第三人称)are------ were --------- weren’t are------aren’t(you和其它人称) 2. 没有be动词的就要加助动词;
小学英语常用句型分类总汇 I 询问姓名、年龄。 1. ----What’s your name? ----你叫什么名字？ ----My name is ________. ----我叫……。 2. ----How old are you? ----你几岁了？ ----I’m 12. ----我十二岁。 II 询问颜色。 1. ----What colour is it? ----它是什么颜色的？ ----It’s yellow and white. ----黄白相间。 2. ----What colour are they? ----它们是什么颜色的？ ----They’re green. ----绿色的。 III询问数量或价钱。 1. ----How many kites can you see? ----你可以看见几只风筝？ -------I can see 12. ----我可以看见十二只风筝。 2. ----How many crayons do you have? ----你有多少支彩笔？ -------I have 16. ----我有十六支。 3.-----How many people are there in your family? ----你家有几口人？ -------Three. ----三口人。 4.-----How much is this dress? ----这条连衣裙多少钱？ -------It’s ninety-nine yuan. ----九十九元。 5.-----How much are these apples? ----这些苹果多少钱？ -------They’re thirty-five yuan. ----三十五元。 IV询问时间或日期。 1. --What time is it now? ----现在几点钟？ -----It’s nine o’clock.It’s time for English class.九点。该上英语课了。-----It’s eight o’clock. It’s time to go to bed. 八点。该上床睡觉了。 2.--What day is it today? ----今天星期几？ ----It’s Monday. ----星期一。 ----What do we have on Mondays? ----我们星期一上哪些课？ ----We have Chinese, English, math …----语文、英语、数学…… 3.----When is your birthday? ----你的生日是什么时候？ ------It’s October 1st, our National Day.---十月一日，国庆节。 4.----When do you do morning exercises? ---你们什么时候做早锻炼？ ------I usually do morning exercises at 8:30.--我们通常8：30做早锻炼。 V询问方位或地方。 1. ----Where is my toy car? ----我的玩具汽车在哪儿？ -------It’s here, under the chair. ----在这儿，在椅子下面。 2.----Where is the canteen? ----餐厅在哪儿？ ------It’s on the first floor ----在一楼。 3. ---Where are the keys? ----钥匙在哪儿？ ------They’re in the door. ----在门上。 4.--Excuse me. Where is the library, please? 对不起，请问图书馆在哪儿？----It’s near the post office. ----在邮局附近。
小学英语语法句法 句法主要研究句子的成分，语序以及句子的种类，类型等的内容。 一，句子成分 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。根据词汇在句子中的不同作用，英语句子主要含有以下六个成分：主语，谓语，表语，宾语，定语，状语。句子主要由主语和谓语两部分组成。 1.主语主语是句子的主体，表示所说的是谁一或是什么。主语的位置一般放在句首，有时在特殊句型中主语放在句末。I go to school by bike every day. 2.谓语用来说明主语的动作，特征或状态等。谓语主要有两种形式：动词谓语（包括动词短语)和复合谓语（系动词+表语）。 This happened in 1990. (动词谓语) He must take good care of his little sister at home today. (动词短语) The young man became a doctor . (系动词+表语) （ Trees turn green in spring. (系动词+表语) 3.表语用来说明评语的身份，特征和状态等。它通常位于系动词的后面，可作表语的有名词，代词，数词，形容词等。Is this pencil yours She is not at home. 4.宾语是动作的承受者。及物动词和相当于及物动词的短语都必须有宾语，可作宾语的有名词，代词，数词等。句子作宾语和叫宾语从句。有些及物动词可以有两个宾语：一个指人，一个指物。W e are waiting for Lily. He knows he should work hard. 5.宾语补足语用来说明补充宾语，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。可作宾语补足语的有名词，形容词，副词等。Let me do it . We must keep the classroom clean every day. 6.定语用来修饰名词或代词的句子成份。形容词作定语时，一般放在名词前面，副词或副词短语作定语时，放在名词后面。可作定语的有名词，代词，数词形容词，副词等。Spring is the first season of a year. The bike under the tree is mine. 7.状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词等的句子成分，说明时间，地点，目的，结果，条件，原因，方式等。She studies very hard. They are working in the park. 二．句子的种类 根据英语所表示的不同功用，它们可分为陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句四种种类。 1.( 2.用来说明事实或陈述说话人看法的句子叫陈述句。陈述句Uncle Wang likes making things. 3.用来提出问题的句子叫作疑问句。疑问句有三种：一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句。Was he hete a month ago Whose bike do you want to borrow Would you like coffee or tea 3.表示请求，命令或劝告等的句子叫祈使句。它通常省略主语（you）。根据语气的强弱，句末用感叹号或句号，句子用降调说或读。祈使句有肯定式祈使句，否定式祈使句和let开头的祈使句。Stop playing !Listen to me ! Let’s go together! Let’s not wait for him. 4.用来表示说话人强烈的喜怒哀乐等情绪的句子叫感叹句。多用how和 What 引起，，how 和what 所修饰的词放在句首，其它部份用陈述语序。在口语当中为主常常省略，句末用感叹句，句子用降调读或说。 感叹句的表达方式：what作定语修饰名词（名词前有其它定语），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an. What a good idea！What beautiful flowers (they are)!
句子专训 一、一般疑问句它是只用yes（是）或no（否）来回答的句子。其结构是： be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分be动词有am is are 助动词有do,does 情态动词有can may等 1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，只要直接把这些词提前，其他部分照抄， 句末改成问号。注意：我和你互换 (1) She is a teacher. (并做肯定回答) __________________________________________ (2)This is a book.(否定回答)__________________________________________ (3)These are potatoes.(肯定回答)______________________________________ (4)These are my new pants.(否定回答)_________________________________ (5)We are students.(肯定和否定回答)___________________________________ (6)I am a student.( 肯定和否定回答)__________________________________ (7)I am Chen Jie(肯定和否定回答)______________________________________ (8)He can swim. (肯定和否定回答)_____________________________________ (9)I can wash my clothes.( 肯定和否定回答)___________________________ 2、不含有以上这三类词，谓语是其他行为动词,助动词来帮忙 注意：问句中动词都为原型do和 does两种形式有不同，男他女她动物它，张三李四单个他，does 与之紧相伴；其他形式都用do (1)We have a garden.（作肯定和否定回答）________________________________ (2)I want to go home. （作肯定和否定回答）____________________________ (3) He has a new pen. （作肯定和否定回答）_____________________________ (4)She likes dogs. （作肯定和否定回答）________________________________ 二、特殊疑问句以特殊疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。 常用的疑问词有：what 、who 、whose 、which 、when 、where 、how 、why 等。 What什么，通常对事物提问；who 谁通常对人提问；whose 谁的通常对物主提问Where 哪里通常对地点提问；how 如何，询问手段，方式，程度等 其他疑问组合词有 what colour 对颜色提问 what time 对时间提问 How much 对价格提问 how many 对数量提问 How old 对年龄提问 对划线部分提问 1、They are sheep. （作肯定和否定回答）______________________________ 2、This is a book. （作肯定和否定回答）_________________________________ 3、This man is my father. （作肯定和否定回答）___________________________ 4、It’s me（作肯定和否定回答）________________________________________ 5、It’s mine. （作肯定和否定回答）____________________________________