高考英语完形填空解题思路与训练
一、高考英语完形填空命题与解题思路
完形填空题是高考英语卷中的重要题型，不仅侧重于考查学生的逻辑思维能力和对具体语境把握能力，更是对学生整体语篇意义理解的连贯性和运用语言的准确性考查。它属于有一定难度的障碍性阅读理解题，是学生感到最难把握的题型之一。
分析近几年高考题，完形填空所选短文的体裁多为记叙文、说明文和议论文。写人或记事，兼有个别议论的句子。趣味性强并兼有教育意义。一般为400单词左右的一篇短文，其内容逻辑性强，文章结构严谨，层次分明。文章首句不设空，但交待相关的背景材料，可挖掘的信息点很多，对整篇文章的理解起着至关重要的作用。
近几年试题中尤为注重说明文和议论文。
说明文命题趋势：说明型完形填空选材难度一般低于试卷中的阅读理解大题。在设空
与选项设计方面充分体现了语言知识运用题的要求：以实词为主（名、动、形、副），绝大多数小题都要从全文角度进行判断。这一命题思路体现了“语篇意识”。
议论文命题趋势：议论文是一种通过剖析事物，论述事理，提出主张，发表见解的文体。议论型完形填空分为两种，一种是夹叙夹议型完形填空；另一种是纯议论型完形填空。第一种的基本模式是：叙述事件，提出感悟，作出结论。第二种的基本模式是：提出论点，列举论据，提出看法。
那么如何做好完形填空呢？
解题思路一：通读全文，了解大意，先易后难。
通常在答题之前, 要花1—2分钟把文章略读一遍,以便对文章有个大概的了解。在详读
的过程中，可以边读边选择一些容易的选项, 对个别不理解的单词、短语,可以先不管它们。等读完文章后, 大部分的空格已填完, 全文的意思基本已掌握, 剩下的难题也就比较容易解决了。
解题思路二：依据首句线索，紧扣主题选择。
首句通常是文章的主题句，通常不设空，便于考生对短文主题、内容或背景有个大
概了解。它的目的是向考生提供时间、地点、人物、事件、论点等有用的信息。把握了主
题句, 对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。
例： On a hot summer day in last August, I sought shade and a cool drink at a waterfront caféon a Greek island. Over a hundred degrees in ______ air.
A. fresh
B. cool
C. still
D. thin
解析: C。故事发生在一个炎热的夏天, 温度高, 自然没风。 still 在此处为形容词, 意思是“静止的, 不动的”, 即没风。
解题思路三：瞻前顾后, 谨慎选择。
有些选择项根据上下句就能比较容易地做出正确判断, 有些则必须根据整篇文章的大意才能推出。通过上下文, 寻找隐含的各种信息和紧抓语境暗示是解答完形填空题的主要手段和策略。
例： The man stepped ___1___ for the two chairs. He politely ___2___ his lady in the knee - deep water and then sat down himself.
1. A. outside B. forward C. down D. back
2. A. led B. seated C. watched D. received
解析： 1. D。根据上下文, 不难看出, 那两口子搬完桌子后, 又回来搬椅子, 即: step back for sth.
2. B。本空后有宾语 his lady , 根据后半句“and then sat down himself”, 答案应为 seated his lady “让他夫人就坐”。
解题思路四：借助语法知识, 选择正确的答案。
例1：When Ed first phoned and ______ we play, I laughed quietly …
A. declared
B. mentioned
C. persuaded
D. suggested
解析：D。根据学过的语法知识,我们知道主句的谓语动词表示建议的意思时, 宾语从句的谓语要用虚拟语气,即用“( should )+ 动词原形”。题干句中“play”的形式是关键信息。
例2：Finally Peter decided to go to the USA and，as his father had told him，______ to be a doctor.
A. studies
B. studying
C. study
D. studied
解析：C。分析句子结构可知，空白处与前面的动词go为并列动词不定式，均作谓语decided的宾语，故选C。此题若忽略分析句子结构，很容易误选D。此题的难点在于句中
有一个插入性质的as引导的从句，将两个不定式分隔开了。从而造成辨认第二个动词不定
式的困难。
解题思路五：利用生活常识，文化背景。
例：One day, the girl ___1___ into the plane, started it and soon left the ___2___.
1. A. climbed B. looked C. reached D. fell
2. A. house B. floor C. water D. ground
解析：1. A。2. D。根据生活常识，这女孩应是先爬进机舱，才能起动飞机，最后使飞机飞离地面。
解题思路六：采取排除法。
解答完形填空题的过程中，有时我们会遇到这样的情况：对某一题的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白，但发现其他选项有显而易见的谬误。这时我们可以尝试排除法, 剔除错误的选项。随着选择范围的缩小, 选中正确选项的机会就会增大。
例：However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be ___1___ to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, ___2___, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, ___3___ student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.
3. A. displaying B. describing C. creating D. exchanging
解析：A。第3题的解题步骤为：首先从动宾搭配上看，C选项（创造学生艺术品）可以排除，再从该句的上文看。上文说应该设计竞争性小的活动，所以答案应该是“展示学生艺术作品”。
解题思路七: 找寻固定词组、常用句型或习惯用法。
例1：A waiter appeared. He paused for just a second , walked into the water to ______ the
t able and ……
A. set
B. wash
C. remove
D. check
解析：A。set the table 在饭桌上摆好刀叉等餐具准备开饭。这是一种固定说法。
例2. With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle ______ of flying into space and returning many times.
A. capable
B. suitable
C. efficient
D. fit
解析：A。be capable of是习惯搭配，意为“能够”。
建议：
1）注意词语的搭配：动词的搭配(do 和make的搭配能力较强，要记牢、记熟)。
do(a job, work, shopping, cooking, reading, typing, sewing, good, wrong, damage, harm, a favor, an injury, etc.)
make(a study, an appointment, arrangements, a breakthrough, a call, a comparison, contribution, a deal, a decision, a discovery, distinction, a guess, preparations, a start, a start, a survey, an attempt, an error, a profit, a fortune, a living, one’s way, sense, point, peace, bed, coffee, a fuss, etc.)
2）形容词与名词的搭配有的具有一定的文化背景，学生要注意“貌合神离”的词语。如：lucky dog 幸运儿、 right hand得力助手、 narrow escape死里逃生、 dark horse出人意料的获胜者
3）有些形容词可以加一个形容词修饰，表示强调，使表达更加生动。如：pitch dark（漆黑的）、brand new （崭新的）、crystal clear（水晶般的）、wide open（张得大大的）、fast asleep（睡得很熟的）、wide awake（完全醒着的）、icy cold（冰冷的）, etc.
4）有些形容词可以和不同的介词搭配，学生应注意比较、归纳。如：sick for 渴望、tired from因…而疲劳、engaged in 忙于、 sick of 厌倦、tired of 对…厌倦、engaged to 与某人订婚。
解题思路八: 利用原词复现或同现, 选择最佳选项。
1．在完形填空中, 某一词语通常重复出现, 使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯, 从而构成一个完整的意义整体。
例1: First of all he was a window-cleaner and in his first week he managed to ______ six windows.
A. rub
B. drop
C. break
D. clean
解析：D。同源词复现，由window-cleaner可知为clean the window。
2．同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一语篇中。一个语篇，一个话题，要求有与之相连的词汇。
1）名词同现：与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个名词。如：
school---primary school—middle school—college—university
students—pupils—graduates—postgraduates
2）动词同现：与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个动词。如：
school—teach—learn—attend—found—drop out—graduate—be dismissed
3)形容词同现; 就某一语境而言所能出现的形容词也是有规律的。如：
在学校这个语境中：（key）school—（optional）course—（compulsory）course
4) 结构同现: 结构同现批搭配之类的句型和成对出现的短语。如：
some…,others; on one hand…,on the other hand; former…,latter; so…that; not only…but also; hardly/scarcely…when…; no sooner…than…; be about to do /be doing /had done /be on the point of doing/be to do/be ready to do/be on the way … when…;
例2: I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new ______, dressed neatly.
A. roommate
B. classmate
C. neighbor
D. companion
解析：A。名词同现，从room, furniture,等同现信息可知。
例3:We were ______ to go back for class again when the headmaster called us together and said, …
A. about
B. able
C. sorry
D. sure
解析：A。结构同现，be about to do …when… 。
解题思路九：顺应文意,定位选词。
做题时, 要充分利用上下文, 找到有提示作用的词。这些词可以是同义词、近义词或反义词, 也可以是并列连词或转折连词等等。
例1: After you have learned to think of several words in English，then move on to the next step—thinking in ______.
A. sentences
B. passages
C.1essons
D. classes
解析：A。需注意上下文逻辑推理以及名词的含义。第一步是考虑单词，接下来应该是考虑句子。故选A。
例2: Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very ______.
A. deep
B. high
C. cold
D. dangerous
解析：A。根据转折连词but的提示，所填入的词应与shallow相反，因此答案为A。
例3: Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened __1__. As was discussed before, it was not __2__ the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic __3__.
1. A. between B. before C. since D. later
2. A. after B. by C. during D. until
3. A. means B. method C. medium D. measure
解析：1. A. 2. D. 3. C。我们注意到文章讲了两个时间：20世纪和15、16世纪，而19世纪显然是处在两者之间，故第1题填between。第2题是一语法结构题，固定结构：It was not until---that---。第3题属于前面介绍的"信息词"题。上文中出现的：television, printing, newspaper均说明该题应填medium。
解题思路十：仔细推敲, 注重逻辑。
做完完形填空题后,要根据所选答案迅速地把文章完整地读一遍, 看语法、惯用法对不对;看是否符合上下文的逻辑; 看是否符合故事情节的发展,以便更正可能的错误选择。
一个完整的语篇应该是符合逻辑的，文章逻辑关系的取得主要靠过渡词的使用。作者利用转承语保证文章的逻辑，学生在做完形填空时应通过自己对上下文的理解，找到适当的逻辑关系，然后选择正确的过渡词。学生必掌握常见的过渡词：
1. 递进
in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, what’s worse, to make matters worse , to make things worse , worse still
2.比较
in the same way, as with, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as
3.对照
in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, on the contrary, while
4.因果
because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result (of), so, thus
certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, especially，in particular, absolutely,
6.让步
although, though, after all, in spite of
7.举例
for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.
8. 时间和空间
afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, finally, at last
outside, near, beyond, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of
9. 总结
to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, in summary 例1: It has been many years since I was last in London ______ I still remember something that happened during that visit.
A. and
B. for
C. but
D. as
解析：C。根据句前的many years和句后的still remember，答案应选表示转折的连词but。
例2: Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for excess vitamins. Many people ______ believe in being on the "safe side" and thus take extra vitamins.
A. nevertheless
B. therefore
C. moreover
D. meanwhile
解析：A。从句意可知，尽管服用额外的维生素是没用的，但很多人还是会服用。
Nevertheless的意思是“尽管如此，然而”，符合句意。
1
A Welcome Gift
Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 41 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 42 filled the room and made them feel very happy.
The next morning, 43 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 44 under their door during the night. One of their neighbor had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superinten dent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 45 people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 46 and apologize for their playing.
“Maybe we could go and 47 everyone in person.” his mother said.
“What if we invited them to come here for a 48 instead? Dario asked.
They both loved the 49 . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 50 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.
Finally, the day of the party 51 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 52 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 53 Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.
“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I 54 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing.”
Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs.Gilbert. “I think maybe we 55 you an apology.” she said. “I didn’t 56 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.
“You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such 57 music.”
“These songs are beautiful music.” Dario’s mother said. “We will be 58 to play them in the evening.”
“And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already look ing forward to 59 the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of 60 and made him feel that they were home at last.
41. A. sat B. stood C. lay D. walked
42. A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry
43. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. instead
44. A. note B. poster C. bill D.report
45. A. proud B. rich C. lucky D. nice
46. A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. audience
47. A. blame B. instruct C. question D. visit
48. A. party B. concert C. show D. play
49. A. experience B. idea C. Performance D. action
50. A. to B. with C. for D. from
51. A. continued B. arrived C. passed D. finished
52. A. order B. sell C. share D. advertise
53. A. treated B. presented C. helped D. served
54. A. promised B. admitted C. agreed D. worried
55. A. give B. send C. offer D. owe
56. A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept
57. A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud
58. A. brave B. sorry C. happy D. afraid
59. A. changing B. practicing C. recording D. writing
60. A. equality B. freedom C. warmth D. sympathy
2
Holly felt confused as she unwrapped the gift from her best friend, Susan. It was a twelve-by-eighteen-inch dark blue carpet. The murmured “thanks” was 41 heard as Holly tried hard not to allow her 42 to show. Then the two girls headed outside to play.
The next morning, I carried a full kitchen bag outside. My heart 43 as I lifted the lid of the rubbish can and saw Susan’s carpet lying on the bot tom. Hesitating only a moment, I 44 in and picked it up, and then put it 45 in a closet. As there were a lot of things in our daily life , the carpet was soon 46 .
Before Holly’s birthday, Susan had been a(n)47 visitor in our home. But one day I suddenly realized it was nearly three weeks 48 we’d heard Susan’s name last time. The singing in the yard told me Holly had arrived home from school. “Susan invited me to her house after school tomorrow.” she 49 . Although her voice carried a so-what attitude, I 50 she was pleased by the invitation.
A woman stood in the doorway to greet us as we 51 the small farmhouse. “Excuse the mess.” she apologized. Susan 52 showed us her room, which was neatly decorated with little used 53 . As the girls compared notes about the school day, I followed Susan’s foster mom(养母), Glenda , into the kitchen. 54 some cups of coffee, I came to respect this poor but generous-hearted woman who had adopted the young girl and attempted to make a(n) 55 to Susan’s life.
As the evening drew 56 , we offered our thanks for the visit and said good-bye. Usually Holly talked a lot in the car. 57 , this time she sat quietly, lost in thought. When we got home, she rushed to the rubbish can. Her head 58 as she entered the house.
I went inside and 59 for the closet. “Is this what you were looking for?” I placed the piece of carpet on the table in front of her. “Thanks, Mom.” A tear or two slipped from her eyes and splashed onto the dark blue carpet which, as if by 60 , had become the most precious birthday present in the whole world.
41. A. clearly B. hardly C. nearly D. eventually
42. A. embarrassment B. excitement C. amazement D. disappointment
43. A. sank B. fell C. set D. broke
44. A. dug B. reached C. dropped D. looked
45. A. away B. off C. out D. on
46. A. rotten B. lost C. forgotten D. covered
47. A. common B. normal C. ordinary D. regular
48. A. until B. since C. before D. when
49. A. advised B. commanded C. announced D. demanded
50. A. experienced B. predicted C. doubted D. sensed
51. A. approached B. passed C. left D. entered
52. A. proudly B. anxiously C. shyly D. cautiously
53. A. rubbish B. furniture C. luggage D. equipment
54. A. For B. Beyond C. In D. Over
55. A. influence B. fortune C. difference D. meaning
56. A. around B. close C. near D. on
57. A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. Moreover
58. A. lowered B. lifted C. held D. bent
59. A. searched B. headed C. looked D. waited
60. A. heart B. mistake C. magic D. chance
3
War started in our house in late July with a month to go before my first day of college. It was a battle of wills over what college I was to attend. Mom wanted me to attend a famous 41 school, and I wanted to go to a small writing college. Every night for two weeks, we argued, shouted and gave 42 treatments until both sides went to bed with regrets.
It was mostly my 43 . Since my junior year of high school, I had 44 at being a nurse. I took all the science courses, and even worked as a 45 in my town’s local hospital. My 46 was to help the sick and be superwoman to the world.
Yet, 47 graduation and college neared, it all changed.Treating the sick was 48 , but not what I was meant to do for the 49 of my life. I could picture myself in hospitals, making rounds, and taking 50 , but I couldn’t picture myself happy. It wasn’t the 51 I wanted.
Then, I realized I had been creating and writing stories for as long as I could 52 . I loved it, and writing was what I had been doing as a 53 . It was going to be my career. And it had to be.
On August 1st, Mom and I sat down at the dinner table and I told her that she had every 54 to choose where to spend her money, just like I had every right to decide where I wanted to go to school. If it was her choice not to 55 any of my college education, then I would take a year off to work and earn money so I could go to the college I wanted. Standing by my decision to be a writer had 56 my firm belief to my mom. Finally we were at 57 , and she decided to support me, which 58 the world to me.
Before that time, I had never stood up 59 my parents on any major decision. Choosing which college to attend 60 me to become a separate and complete adult. I am now finished with my first semester as a Professional Writing major and I cannot wait to see what comes next.
41. A. cooking B. gardening C. nursing D. writing
42. A. medical B. warm C. mental D. silent
43. A. fault B. success C. duty D. turn
44. A. wondered B. aimed C. pointed D. looked
45. A. student B. volunteer C. graduate D. doctor
46. A. goal B. job C. task D. post
47. A. before B. after C. until D. as
48. A. rough B. noble C. mild D. easy
49. A. part B. whole C. rest D. half
50. A. notices B. examinations C. temperatures D. drugs
51. A. future B. effect C. drill D. idea
52. A. see B. wait C. find D. remember
53. A. process B. hobby C. rule D. business
54. A. chance B. time C. right D. ability
55. A. expect B. raise C. offer D. finance
56. A. doubted B. followed C. shaken D. proven
57. A. peace B. war C. ease D. play
58. A. attached B. applied C. devoted D. meant
59. A. for B. against C. over D. by
60. A. forced B. promised C.allowed D.reminded
4
At a gathering, we were all telling stories of our most embarrassing moments. It came around to Frank.
Frank began to tell us of his childhood. "I 41 in San Pedro. My Dad was a fisherman, and he loved the sea. He had his own boat, but it was 42 making a living on the sea. He worked hard and would stay out until he caught enough to 43 the family."
He looked at us and said, "I 44 you could have met my Dad. He was a big man, and he was strong from pulling the nets and fighting the seas for the 45 . When you got close to him, he 46 like the ocean. He would wear his old coat and his overalls. No matter how much my mother 47 them, they would still smell of the sea and of fish."
Frank's voice dropped a bit. "When the weather was bad he would 48 me to school. He had this old truck that was older than he was 49 he would drive toward the school, I would shrink down into the seat hoping to disappear. He would 50 right in front of the school gate, and it seemed like everybody 51 be standing around and watching. Then he would 52 over and give me a big kiss on the cheek and tell me to be a good boy. It was so 53 for me. I was twelve years old, and my Dad would lean over and kiss me goodbye!"
He 54 and then went on, "I remember the day when I said 'No' ”
It was the first time I had ever talked to him that 55 , and he had this surprised look on his face.
I said, 'Dad, I'm too 56 for a goodbye kiss. '
My Dad looked at me for the longest time, and his eyes started to tear up. I had never seen him 57 . He turned and looked out the windshield(挡风玻璃). 'You're right,' he said. 'You are a big boy....a man. I won't kiss you anymore.'”
Frank got a sad look on his face, and the tears began to 58 in his eyes, as he spoke. "It wasn't long after that when my Dad went to sea and never came back.”
Tears were running down Frank’s chee ks. He spoke again. "Guys, you don't know what I would 59 to have my Dad give me just one more kiss on the cheek....to feel his rough old face....to smell the ocean on him....to feel his arm around my neck. I wish I had been a man then. If I had been a 60 , I would never have told my Dad I was too old for a goodbye kiss."
41. A. kept up B. grew up C. came up D. started up
42. A. hard B. absurd C. easy D. necessary
43. A. remove B. reach C. feed D. urge
44. A. prefer B. request C. suggest D. wish
45. A. fish B. favorite C. benefit D. glory
46. A. sounded B. looked C. smelled D. felt
47. A. processed B. washed C. handled D. managed
48. A. drive B. limit C. adapt D. devote
49. A. Before B. After C. Since D. As
50. A. back up B. pick up C. pull up D. speed up
51. A. could B. would C. should D. might
52. A. lean B. hold C. run D. watch
53. A. frightening B. challenging C. embarrassing D. entertaining
54. A. recovered B. paused C. requested D. admitted
55. A. day B. time C. aspect D. way
56. A. old B. delighted C. anxious D. proud
57. A. sigh B. shout C. cry D. yell
58. A. break down B. hold back C. well up D. start off
59. A. demand B. give C. rush D. infer
60. A. boy B. seaman C. backbone D. man
5
To celebrate the end of our exams, my friends and I went to a fast food restaurant. We 36 hamburgers and Coca Colar at the counter. When our 37 came, I started walking towards an empty table. By bad luck, my purse strap(带子) got 38 on a chair and the tray(托盘) that I was holding slipped 39 my hands and went flying in the air. The tray, and its contents, 40 on a man who was just about to 41 a bite of his sandwich. I stared, greatly 42 , as the drinks soaked(浸湿) his white shirt.
Then I 43 my eyes and prepared myself for his burst of 44 . Instead, he said “It’s OK” to 45 me before he disappeared into washroom.
Still shaky and unsure 46 to do next, my friends and I went to a table and sat there, trying our best to look 47 . A moment later, the man came out of the washroom and 48 our table. My heart almost stopped 49 . I thought he was going to ask for my father’s 50 and call him.
To my surprise, he merely smiled at us, handed us some cash and said, “ 51 yourself new hamburgers.” He then walked 52 without even finishing his food.
He could have made what was already an uncomfortable situation worse, 53 he chose a different way and gave us a reason to believe that there is still 54 in this world. I’l l never 55 his actions.
36. A. ordered B. made C. arranged D. demanded
37. A. food B. turn C. bill D. menu
38. A. fixed B. caught C. cut D. tied
39. A. by B. in C. from D. out
40. A. knocked B. fell C. stood D. hung
41. A. take B. taste C. swallow D. chew
42. A. discouraged B. disappointed C. shocked D. annoyed
43. A. rolled B. rubbed C. narrowed D. closed
44. A. bitterness B. anxiety C. anger D. sorrow
45. A. satisfy B. comfort C. encourage D. praise
46. A. how B. who C. what D. which
47. A. mild B. honest C. calm D. modest
48. A. pushed B. approached C. drew D. laid
49. A. beating B. breaking C. sinking D. trembling
50. A. help B. position C. number D. job
51. A. Prepare B. Buy C. Find D. Cook
52. A. on B. around C. up D. away
53. A. so B. since C. although D. but
54. A. kindness B. happiness C. politeness D. brightness
55. A. forget B. refuse C. oppose D. ignore
6
Sandy Greenberg came from a poor family. He went to Columbia University on a scholarship and there he met his roommate who also was receiving financial 41 .
Unfortunately, Sandy had a(n) 42 disease during his second year at Columbia University, and finally he became blind. But 43 for Sandy, something else also happened to him — his roommate would 44 his textbooks to him, every night after he lost his sight.
As a result, Sandy went on to 45 with honors. He went off to study at Oxford. He was still quite poor, but he had managed to 46 about five hundred dollars as he went along.
His roommate 47 went on to graduate school. One day, Sandy got a 48 from him at Oxford. His former roommate said, "Sandy, I'm really 49 . I really don't like being in graduate school, and I don't want to do this."
"Well, what do you want to do? " Sandy 50 .
His roommate told him, "Sandy, I really love to 51 . I have a high school friend who plays the guitar. And we would really like to 52 our hands in the music business. But we need to make a promo record, and in order to 53 that I need $500."
Sandy took all his life savings without 54 and sent it to his roommate. Well, his roommate was the 55 famous singer, Art Garfunkel, and he 56 up with another musician, Paul Simon. That $500 57 them make a record that finally became The Sound of Silence.
How we are able to deal with 58 in our lives will be influenced by how we deal with others 59 the way. What we get will depend a lot on what we 60 . And that's the end of the story of doing well by doing good.
41. A. aid B. advice C. crisis D. pressure
42. A. eye B. ear C. nose D. bone
43. A. finally B. luckily C. sadly D. excitedly
44. A. lend B. offer C. read D. return
45. A. survive B. research C. leave D. graduate
46. A. save B. earn C. keep D. borrow
47. A. never B. still C. either D. also
48. A. message B. call C. card D. report
49. A. unhappy B. unhealthy C. homesick D. lonely
50. A. suggested B. answered C. asked D. laughed
51. A. work B. sing C. dance D. travel
52. A. wave B. wash C. try D. clean
53. A. win B. do C. prove D. earn
54. A. permission B. consideration C. hesitation D. expectation
55. A. other B. present C. former D. later
56. A. teamed B. came C. showed D. let
57. A. saw B. helped C. hoped D. let
58. A. interests B. opportunities C. difficulties D. feelings
59. A. across B. in C. by D. along
60. A. take B. give C. like D. learn
7
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it, when I was 13. My parents
beautiful home-like place this way.
something had to change.
41. A. advised B. required C. ordered D. asked
42. A. immediately B. finally C. gradually D. recently
43. A. imagining B. climbing C. describing D. painting
44. A. garden B. lab C. home D. palace
45. A. waste B. resources C. material D. goods
46. A. within B. against C. over D. beyond
47. A. more B. less C. most D. least
48. A. throwing away B. breaking down C. picking up D. digging out
49. A. guessed B. wondered C. decided D. wished
50. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
51. A. cleanup B. party C. picni D. concert
52. A. dropped out B. showed up C. looked around D. called back
53. A. interesting B. frightening C. amazing D. boring
54. A. importance B. help C. use D. difference
55. A. volunteers B. foreigners C. strangers D. tourists
56. A. crossed B. covered C. measured D. designed
57. A. talk B. argue C. complain D. quarrel
58. A. doing B. thinking C. questioning D. watching
59. A. method B. explanation C. research D. example
60. A. although B. if C. unless D. when
8
Years ago, I drove into a service station to get some gas. It was a beautiful day, and I was feeling great. As I walked into the station to _41_ the gas, the owner said to me, “How do you feel?” That seemed like a _42_ question, but I felt fine and told hi m _43_ .
“You don’t look well,” he replied. This _44_ me completely by surprise. A little less _45_ , I told him that I had never felt better. Without _46_ , he continued to tell me how bad I looked and that my skin appeared _47_ .
By the time I left the service station, I was feeling a little _48_ . About a block away, I _49_ to the side of the road to look at my face in the mirror. How did I feel? Was I sick? Was everything
all right? By the time I got home, I was beginning to feel a little ill. Did I have hepatitis (肝炎)? Had I _50_ some rare disease?
The next time I went into that gas station, feeling fine again, I _51_ what had happened. The place had recently been painted a bright yellow, and the light _52_ off the walls made everyone inside look as though they had hepatitis! I wondered how many other folks had _53_ the way I did.
I had let one short conversation with a total stranger change my _54_ for an entire day. He told me I looked sick, and before long, I was _55_ feeling sick. That single _56 _observation had a strong effect on the way I felt and _57_ .
A little while later I saw how _58_ the incident was, although on that day when the man had told me how ill I looked, I was _59_ frightened. I wonder how many other people that man had told they were ill _60_ he realized that the service station had had a paint job!
41. A. go for B. search for C. hope for D. pay for
42. A. strange B. simple C. common D. familiar
43. A. this B. not C. so D. such
44. A. made B. put C. caused D. took
45. A. anxiously B. confidently C. carefully D. seriously
46. A. doubt B. certainty C. hesitation D. difficulty
47. A. pale B. yellow C. brown D. colorless
48. A. positive B. relaxed C. unconscious D. uneasy
49. A. pulled over B. put up C. got across D. ran over
50. A. taken up B. picked up C. referred to D. recovered from
51. A. made sure B. thought up C. called up D. figured out
52. A. reflecting B. shining C. coming D. falling
53. A. impressed B. influenced C. behaved D. reacted
54. A. idea B. mind C. attitude D. plan
55. A. completely B. naturally C. actually D. easily
56. A. strange B. careful C. opposite D. negative
57. A. did B. performed C. acted D. worked
58. A. annoying B. funny C. boring D. disappointing
59. A. never B. ever C. really D. hardly
60. A. after B. before C. until D. when
高考英语完形填空综合解析 要提高完形填空的解题能力，首先应该综合全面地了解完形填空。要了解完形填空，我们需要回答五个问题。第一个问题：什么是完形填空？第二个问题：完形填空的特点是什么？第三个问题：学生存在的问题是什么？第四个问题：如何解完形填空？第五个问题：平时如何训练？只有解决了这五个问题，才能有的放矢地对完形填空进行教学和研究。 一、什么是完形填空？ 完形填空又称综合填空，其命题原理是格式塔心理学。格式塔心理学强调整体感知和对文章从语义上的整体把握。简单说完形填空就是在一篇语意完整的短文中有目的地制造一些空白，造成信息链的中断，让考生在理解短文的基础上，综合运用所学知识和常识，对每个题的备选项做出尽可能合理的分析、判断，从中选出正确答案或最佳答案，使重新构建的文章主旨鲜明，文意畅达，逻辑严密。如果空格要求学生填入连词、介词、冠词等，则空格为功能性空格；如果要求填入名词、形容词、动词等实义词，则空格为语义空格。从近几年的高考试题看，完形填空以语义空格为主，语法部分的内容已经弱化为对词法的考查。完形填空的空格分为四种类型：词内项、词间项、句内项、句间项，难度是逐渐上升的。 二、完形填空的特点是什么？ 1. 完形填空的题型特点 近几年来的完形填空题，有以下几个特点： ⑴短文难度基本稳定，与高中英语教材课文难易基本相当。 ⑵短文选材一般为故事性文章，极少采用其它题材的文章。但往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙，有插叙或倒叙，有时还夹有描述和议论。 ⑶短文的第一句不设空格，提供给考生一个思路，以便考生做题。 ⑷考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺，极少是考语法，所以每题四个选项大多属同一语法范畴。 ⑸短文长度基本稳定，一般在250～300个单词左右。 2. 完形填空选项设置的几个特点 ⑴同义、近义词辨析型。多倾向考查动词、名词、形容词。所以平时要多把这几类词性的词归纳记忆。 ⑵固定搭配型。多倾向考查动词和介词或副词、名词和介词、形容词和介词、典型句子结构的搭配。 ⑶常用语法。时态和语态、从句连词。 ⑷根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项型。 3. 近年高考完形填空题的命题趋势和新题动向 ⑴阅读量逐年提高，阅读时间减少。 ⑵生词量有增无减。 ⑶长句增多，句式灵活，结构复杂。 ⑷题目设置上单纯语法考查减少，上下文联系考查力度加大，并且以同义词、相似词为典型的迷惑选项增多。 ⑸完形填空的第一句都是完整的句子，并且每篇文章都有一个主题。 三、学生存在的问题是什么？ 有些考生虽然具有一定的基础，但完形填空题的得分却总不尽如人意。他们的问题概括起来主要有以下几方面：
高考英语完形填空考试解 题三大角度 完形填空题型有着极为深远的理论背景。在19世纪物理学重大发现“场理论”的启发下，德国心理学家柯勒等人提出了“格式塔心理学”，强调人类认知过程中的宏观性和整体性。1953年，美国语言学家Wilson Taylor基于上述理论，首次提出完形填空这种题型，旨在测试考生利用已知信息恢复不完整语言材料的自然倾向强度，进而考查考生的语言能力。 作为选拔性考试，高考必须具有较高信度、效度和必要的区分度以及一定的难度。完形填空的重点在于综合考查考生的词汇和语法等基础知识以及阅读和写作等语言运用能力，正好满足了高考的需求。自从1987年首次出现在高考英语试卷中以来，完形填空题型历来都属于高考英语中能力要求最高、试题难度最大的一类题型。
研究历年的各套高考完形填空题，可以从具体的题目之中看出该题型中若干对我们解题非常有帮助的共同特点： 一、从所选文章的角度 体裁上，以叙为主，叙议结合。高考完形填空题的选材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或是叙议结合、以叙为主、富有哲理的论说文，这是和高考考生的语言水平紧密结合的。高考是各级各类英语测试中相对较简单的一种，因而采取了常见体裁中较简单的记叙文作为题目载体。因此，短文一般按照时间线索行文，内部逻辑清晰层次分明。 题材上，选用真实世界中的语言材料，考查考生使用语言进行信息获取和社会交际的能力，对心理问题、校园生活、奇闻轶事等热点话题继续关注，并兼顾高考的公平性原则，不涉及特定地域或人群色彩较浓的不具有一般性的话题。
难度上，基本与现行高三教材相当。字数上，完形填空短文词数在240——320之间。 二、从所挖空格的角度 首先，该题型所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生熟悉语言环境，迅速进入主题，对文章有宏观和整体性的把握，建立正确的思维导向。正文中通常挖去20个词，平均每14词挖一个空格，通常不会出现两个空格前后相连或同一句子挖空超过三个的情况。 其次，挖去的词汇以实词为主，虚词为辅。语言分为形式和内容两方面，而完形填空题多重视考查语言的内容，这是与承载具体信息的实词紧密相关的。在高考对具体语法规则不断淡化的趋势下，常与语言形式即具体语法条目相关的虚词数量不断下降，目前仅在3个空格左右。
高考英语完形填空专题训练 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 一 For millions of people, the mere thought of climbing a ladder or looking over a cliff is enough to set the heart racing. But now scientists have come to the 1 with a pill to treat the fear of 2 . The medicine — which contains the stress hormone cortisol (压力荷尔蒙皮质醇) — 3 with traditional treatment to help people 4 what makes them frightened. Fear of high places, or acrophobia, is one of the most common phobias (恐惧症). 5 , it is treated by exposing people to heights. 6 , the old way is rarely fully successful. The7 method combines this “exposure treatment”with an amount of cortisol, the hormone released by the body in times of 8 . The international team of scientists tested the 9 of a cortisol pill on 40 people 10 acrophobia. The participants were either given cortisol or a placebo 11 they were exposed to heights. Placebos look like 12 , but they have no medical effect and are safe for humans. At the end of the 13 , the participants were asked to describe how 14 they were using a questionnaire. Those taking cortisol were 15 less frightened. The effects were also 16 , with the participants still feeling less frightened a month after taking the pill. The scientists 17 that cortisol works by making people forget what they 18 . It is thought to cut blood flow to areas of the brain that bring back memories, leaving people unable to recall (忆起) their phobia of heights. It also 19 the creation of new memories —allowing patients to 20 their new-found bravery. The drug’s effects have been reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 1. A. rescue B. scene C. ground D. agreement 2. A. heights B. competition C. stages D. weight
高考完形填空专项训练步步高 抓好三方面●跨好三大步●做好三结合 ------谈完形填空解题技巧中学生在做完形填空题时存在的问题，概括起来有以下三方面： 1.不善于抓文章的主旨大意，并以此为中心展开对整篇文章的推理、判断，导致理解上出现偏差，甚至和文章的中心相悻。 2.容易受定势思维的影响，对文意分析不透，忽视特定语境中知识的运用。 3.对完形填空题怀有厌倦、畏惧心理，以至做题时处于应付状态，做题能力得不到提高。 那么，怎样才能提高做完形填空题的能力呢？我们应从以下三方面入手训练思维能力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题过程中把这三方面与做完形填空的三大步骤“通读、精读、复读”有机结合，明确每步的思维主攻方向。即抓好三方面，跨好三大步，做好三结合。 一、通读短文抓主旨 一般情况下，完形填空短文都不给标题，不容易把握文章的主题和大意。但短文首句通常不设空格，这就为我们窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口，而尾句往往是文章的总结、结论或点睛之笔，所以抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是必要的。借助于首尾句给予的启示，克服不良心理的影响，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注意能体现文章大意的关键词句，尽力从整体上理解短文大意，这是逐空填词的重要依据和基础。如果一开始就忙于见空填空，势必无法从整体上把握全文概要，无法形成连贯的思路，只见树木不见森林，理解偏离文章的中心，造成顾，此失彼的错误，甚至影响做题速度。 抓住了文章的主旨大意后，我们围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。尤其是一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项就会迎刃而解。 二、精读短文析文意 在基本抓住文章的主旨后，应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境做深人的理解，克服“定势思维”，根据全文大意和词不离句，句不离文的原则，逐项填空。切不可以单纯的词汇辨析或语法角度去做题，而应以能否恰如其分地表达文意作为选择最佳答案的唯一标准。要吃透文意，理解到位，我们应做到以下几点： 1.从上下文的角度考虑，注意其内在联系。就题论题，断章取义，忽视上下文的信息提示是我们常犯的错误。因此我们在做题时要注重暗含的信息提示，找准突破口，确保文意畅通。 2.从词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的角度去考虑，准确判断。NMET完形填空题中考查词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的题目逐年增多，必须结合上下文把握文意，研读
高考英语完形填空解题技巧专项训练 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
高考完形填空解题技巧 (I) 完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一，占20分。题型特征是：一篇短文中间留20 个空格，每个空格给出4个选项，要求从中选出最佳答案填入相应的空格内。由于这种题型既考查学生的语法、词法、句法、习惯用法等英语基础知识的综合运用能力，又考查他们对短文的阅读和理解能力。这种题型综合性较强，因而难度较大。总的来说，完形填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的能力和语感。具体说来，是从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。因此，本文我就考试出题的三个方向、考试题型和具体解题技巧做了详细阐述： 一、考试出题的大致方向是： 1、词汇：某些词义的识别，同义词辨析。英语习惯用法的熟悉程度。 2、语法结构：语法规则的实际应用。 3、语篇句意：从语篇角度,即上下文和情景语境综合测试考生的阅读理解能力 4. 逻辑推理和生活常识 二、考试题型： （一）词汇题： 单纯地考单词或短语的释义： 1.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety ____. (‘99) A. comes off B. turns up C. pays off D. holds up 答案：C. 词汇辨析题： 主要是指同义词、近义词的辨析，这类题较难。 2.They are needed for ____ food into energy and body maintenance. (‘96) A. shifting B. transferring C. altering D. transforming 答案：D. 固定短语搭配题： 3.With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle ____ of flyingsintosspace and returning many times. (‘92) A. capable B. suitable C. efficient D. fit 答案：A. (二)语法题： 语法结构题，主要是考结构词：代词、介词和从句连接词。 4.Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make ____ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him. (’94) A. that B. it C. so D. this答案：B. (三)语篇题：
2019全国卷1高考英语完形填空答案详细解析 【预览部分】 【完形填空答案与详细解析】 【主旨大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要介绍乞力马扎罗山的垃圾污染问题以及当地管理机构努力治理之后环境的改观。本文就游客对乞力马扎罗山自然环境的破坏展开论述，对山体环境进行介绍，意在引起人们对于自然环境的重视。 41. D。考查动词词义辨析。译文：每年有40,000人到非洲最高的山脉乞力马扎罗山（Kilimanjaro）旅游，他们带来了许多废品垃圾。解答此题根本不用费什么心思，读完第一、第二句马上就明白：此题是因果逻辑推断题，即第一句是原因，第41空句是结果。根据前文Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.可知每年都有很多人去游览乞力马扎罗山，由此可推测该空是说游客将垃圾废物随身带到了山上。keep with意为“把……与……放一起”；mix with意为“（使）与……混合/结合”；connect with意为“与……连接”；bring sth. with sb. 意为“某人随身带来……”；故只有选项D切题。故选D。 42.C。考查名词词义辨析。译文：拥挤的人群破坏了美丽的乞力马扎罗山。此题仍然属于因果关系推断题。根据上一句Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa.可知，每年有大约四万人游览乞力马扎罗山，所以此处是指游客所造成的破坏，由此推断出本题答案是crowds（拥挤的人群）。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。故选C。 【正文】 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41 with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro. Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place —other destinations are described as “purer” natural
高考英语完形填空解题技巧 高考英语完形填空解题技巧 (一)利用句首信息，推测语篇主旨 完形填空所选短文的第一句常为主题句，一般不设空。把握了主题句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。 例： As a general rule ,all forms of activity lead to boredom when they areperformed on a routine(常规)basis. As a matter of fact ,we can see this 41____atwork in people of all42 ages (2014课标I) 41. A. principle B. habit C. way. D. power 解析：本文首句为主题句，根据首句中的a general rule (一般规则)可知本空答案为principle. (二)寻找提示信息，重现语境意义 完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解，所以考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处通常前后多有提示，这种提示多为后面提示前面。 一般来说，完型填空的四个选项形式完全相同，如都是动词原形，都是副词，都是名词复数形式等，所以要注意他们在意义上和搭配上的细微差别，形义兼顾。同时，一定要把这些选项放到特定的语境里进行区分，判别，从而选出正确答案。 例： It runs in the 53_____.Michael’s father always helped thepoor as he believed it made everyone happier. Michael Greenberg feels the54
2009年高考英语完形填空专题训练（一） 1 I live in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and some homeless people frequent the stoplights. I often gave money to the homeless, feeling 1for their bad luck. But later I became a single mom with no home, a huge debt. As a result, I 2giving and became very 3 . Things started to 4 for me. Again I had a home, and plenty of food, and I started to 5 myself out of debt. One day we saw a homeless person with the 6 , “Will work for food.” I 7 . My daughter commented, “Mommy, you 8 to give to those people in 9 .’’ I replied, “Honey, they just use that money for alcohol or other 10 things.” She didn’t respond. But when I said that, it didn’t feel right. Three days later, I was driving to 11up my daughter from school. A man was standing on the corner, and something deep 12 me said, “Just help him.” 13 I rolled down my window, and he ran over with enthusiasm, saying “God bless you, I only need 77 cents.” I 14into my ashtray and strangely enough, there sat three quarters and two pennies. I scooped（抓起）it up and gave it to him. He 15 with joy and tears in his 16 , “Wow, you just made it 17 for me to see my mom for Christmas! Thank you; the bus that had this great sale is 18 in 20 minutes!” It was a moment I’ll never forget. I think that man won’t forget it either, 19 I was the one who got the best 20 in life -- GIVING. 1. A. pleased B. sorry C. nervous D. notable 2. A. stopped B. refused C. considered D. continued 3. A. bitter B. disappointed C. satisfied D. happy 4. A. reform B. decline C. end D. change 5. A. pull B. drive C. persuade D. concern 6. A. gesture B. symbol C. sign D. sentence
2011全国卷 第二节完形填空20,J、题；每小题1．5分，满分30分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后个体所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出也已填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。 In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life, a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory 36 course about 20 years ago. The professor 37 the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans(豆),and invited the students to 38 how many beans the jar contained. After 39 shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin, dry smile, announced the 40 Answer, and went on saying, ”You have just 41 an important lesson about science. That is: Never 42 your own senses.” Twenty years later, the 43 could guess what the professor had in mind. He 44 himself, perhaps, as inviting his students to start an exciting 45 into an unknowns world invisible(无形的) to the 46 , which can be discovered only through scientific 47 . But the seventeen-year-old girl could not accept or even 48 the invitation. She was just 49 to understand the world .And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be the 51 . The professor, however, said that it was 52 . He was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing her with no substitute(替代). “I remember feeling small and 54 .”The woman says, “and I did the only thing I could do. I 55 the course the afternoon, and I haven’t gone near science since.”36．A．art B．history C. science D. math 37．A．searched for B. looked at C. got through D. marched into 38．A．count B. guess C. report D. watch 39．A．warning B. giving C. turning away D. listening to 40．A．ready B. possible C. correct D. difficult 41．A．learned B. prepared C. taught D. taken 42．A．lose B. trust C. sharpen D. taken 43．A．lecturer B. scientist C. speaker D. woman 44．A．described B. respected C. saw D. served 45．A．voyage B. movement C. change D. rush 46．A．professor B．eye C．knowledge D．light 47．A．model B．senses C．spirit D．methods 48．A．hear B. make C．present D．refuse 49．A．suggesting B．beginning C．pretending D．waiting 50．A．believed B．doubted C．proved D．explained 51．A．growth B．strength C．faith D．truth 52．A．firm B. interesting C．wrong D．acceptable 53．A．task B．tool C．success D．action 54．A．cruel B．proud C．frightened D．brave 55．A．dropped B．started C．passed D．missed - 1 - / 2
高考英语完形填空专项训练 一、考点分析 根据德国学者J·Trier的理论，“词可以在一个共同概念的支配下结合在一起形成一个语义场”。语义场中词与词之间的语义关系是相互依存的。意义上相关的词汇出现在同一语篇中，构成以某一话题为中心的词汇链。简言之，任何一篇文章必然是围绕一个话题来论述的，因此，行文中词语的同现或复现现象就不可避免。词汇的复现现象具体指的是某一个词以原词、词形变化后的词、同义词、近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词等形式重复出现在语篇中。根据这个原则，某个空格所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现的相关词，同学们可以依据这些词之间的有机联系来确定答案。现在就以高考真题为例来为同学们呈现如何利用词汇复现规律这一技巧帮助我们在完形填空中做出正确选择。 If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals. In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to people’s lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture. Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone. First Impression To help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’ s individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened. As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives. The 60 Knows Scientists have also turned to non humans to increase understanding of attraction. Many
完形填空考纲要求 考查根据上下文理解语篇意义的能力。 二、完型填空解题步骤总结 三、解题步骤分析 1、浏览全文，抓准主旨 考生在答题时，不要急于看选项、找答案，应先通篇浏览短文，掌握文中时间、地点、人物及事件发展的脉络情节。只有抓住了文章的主旨大意后，考生围绕大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。抓住了主旨，一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项也就会迎刃而解。 注意：要充分利用首句的标示作用 第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是据以判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（when, where, who, what, how…)。 注意：要注意尾句的提示和总结作用。 2、细读全文，透析文意
⑴.看清上下文，找准定位词 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。 注意上下文的内在联系，是做好完型填空的保证，而断章取义，就题论题，忽视前后文的信息提示是学生常犯的错误。信息提示有时出现在前文，有时出现在后文，有时出现在本空所在的句子，学生需要在做题时边读边思考，边读边储存信息，边读边注意前后联系，这也是第一遍通览全文的主要作用。 ⑵通顺逻辑，寻求搭配 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如： ⑶牢固掌握重点单词词组词意、用法及语法知识 ⑷看清执行者，确定所选词 ⑸根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 有时，选项中所给的四个词为表示上下文逻辑关系的连接性词语，它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。 常见的承接语有for one thing…for another…等连接词表示列举；First…and then, First…Next…Then…Finally…用来按次序描述时间发生的过程；anyhow, still, though, although…表示让步关系；therefore, so表结果；because, since, due to, owing to…表原因，等等。 3、全面验证，理清逻辑 考生在选项填完后，一定要通读短文，从整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文衔接是否合理；另外，连词、副词也是完形填空常考的词，考生选择后要特别注意上下文的语气、语态，避免出现逻辑混乱。 四．案例分析：根据逻辑关系解完形填空 表示转折关系 Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten.
高考英语完形填空专题练习带答案 高考英语完形填空专题练习1： All houses should have a kitchen window.At least，for me，there is a lot to see in the view from my kitchen window. It was a spring day，and I was washing the dishes when I happened to 1 of the kitchen window into the backyard.My husband，Mike，was out cultivating the garden with a 2 .Our son，Jeremy，who was four years old at the time was right 3 him. Mike was moving the plough very 4 in order to do a good job of breaking up the soil for 5 .My son was just inches behind my husband and each time Mike took a step，Jeremy took a step.He would carefully put his own small 6 in the huge footmark 7 from my husban d’s boot.He took a 8 with his right foot and then his left and then he would wait 9 for when it would be time to take the next step.Although Jeremy didn’t know it，his father had been 10 over him all the time，even when he stumbled绊 and 11 . That view from my kitchen window has 12 in my mind until this day.In one way it is a 13 of the need of a child for a father’s good example. It is also an illustration for all of us.How many times I have walked ahead of my father， 14 to find dry and hard grou nd that I couldn’t 15 because it hadn’t been ploughed yet.I got into 16 because I didn’t wait for my father to go before me and 17 the way. At other times，I became 18 of waiting for the next step and began looking around at all the rocks of the world that led me to 19 my road.Like Jeremy， all I needed was to turn around and 20 my eyes on my father who had also been watching over me all the time. 1.A.turn outB.look outC.carry outD.make out 2.A.ploughB.cowC.stickD.tractor 3.A.beforeB.aboveC.behindD.beside 4.A.quicklyB.simplyC.eagerlyD.slowly 5.A.harvestingB.wateringC.plantingD.growing
高考完形填空解题技巧 (I) 完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一，占20分。题型特征是：一篇短文中间留20 个空格，每个空格给出4个选项，要求从中选出最佳答案填入相应的空格内。由于这种题型既考查学生的语法、词法、句法、习惯用法等英语基础知识的综合运用能力，又考查他们对短文的阅读和理解能力。这种题型综合性较强，因而难度较大。总的来说，完形填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的能力和语感。具体说来，是从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。因此，本文我就考试出题的三个方向、考试题型和具体解题技巧做了详细阐述： 一、考试出题的大致方向是： 1、词汇：某些词义的识别，同义词辨析。英语习惯用法的熟悉程度。 2、语法结构：语法规则的实际应用。 3、语篇句意：从语篇角度,即上下文和情景语境综合测试考生的阅读理解能力 4. 逻辑推理和生活常识 二、考试题型： （一）词汇题： 单纯地考单词或短语的释义： 1.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety ____. (‘99) A. comes off B. turns up C. pays off D. holds up 答案：C. 词汇辨析题： 主要是指同义词、近义词的辨析，这类题较难。 2.They are needed for ____ food into energy and body maintenance. (‘96) A. shifting B. transferring C. altering D. transforming 答案：D. 固定短语搭配题： 3.With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle ____ of flyingsintosspace and returning many times. (‘92) A. capable B. suitable C. efficient D. fit 答案：A. (二)语法题： 语法结构题，主要是考结构词：代词、介词和从句连接词。 4.Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make ____ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him. (’94) A. that B. it C. so D. this答案：B. (三)语篇题： 文章的上下文决定所缺处所选择的词.这一考点要求学生根据文章的整体内容进行理解,根据层次结构和内容的逻辑关系,去选择符合文章情节的答案,这也叫情景意义的选择. 5.Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for excess vitamins. Many people ____ believe in being on the "safe side" and thus take extra vitamins. (96) A. nevertheless B. therefore C. moreover D. meanwhile