（1）In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of various colors and sizes.
门口堆着一堆伞，少说也有十二把，五颜六色，大小不一。
（2）It is a position which if we endorse，it will really mean endorsing the rule of the jungle, that is, a world without law.
如果我们认可这种状况,那就真正意味着赞同弱肉强食的原则,也就是一个没有法制的世界。
（3）Some fishing boats were becalmed just in front of us. Their shadows slept, or almost slept, upon the water, a gentle quivering along showing that it was not complete sleep, or if sleep, that it was sleep with dreams. 眼前不远，渔舟三五，凝滞不前，樯影斜映在水上，仿佛睡去，偶尔微见颤动，似又未尝熟睡，恍若惊梦。（3）I gave my youth to the sea and I came home and gave my wife my old age.
我把青春献给海洋，等我回到家里见到妻子的时候，已经是白发苍苍。
（4）Smashing a mirror is no way to make an ugly person beautiful, nor is it a way to make social problems evaporate.
逃避并不能解决实际问题。
（5）He wore dark glasses, thick jersey, and stopped up his ears with cotton wool.
他戴黑眼镜，穿厚毛衣，耳朵里面塞了棉花。
（6）But his attack was always repulsed by a kick or a blow from a stick.
但是他每冲一次，不是让人一脚踢了回去，就是让人棍子打了回去。
（7）Never get on or off the bus before it comes to a standstill.
车未停稳，请勿上下车
（8）I was all the more delighted when, as a result of the initiative of your Government, it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly.
由于贵国政府的提议，才得以这样愉快的重新进行这次访问，这使我感到特别高兴。
（9）Time is an equal opportunity employer. Each human being has exactly the same number of hours and minutes every day. Rich people can’t buy more hours. Scientists can’t invent new minutes. And you can’t save time to spend it on another day.
每个人每天所拥有的小时数和分钟数完全相同，富人不可能购买更多的小时，科学家也不能发明新的分钟，并且你还不能把时间留到另一天用，所以说，时间是机会均等的雇主。
（10）As it is too late for you to go home now, you had better stay overnight at this place.
现在回家太晚，你最好在这儿住一晚。
（11）Odd thought it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary-particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.
宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认理论在科学上看来可信的推论，许多天体物理学家七、八年来一直认为这一学说是正确的。（12）Marriage may be compared to a cage: the birds outside despair to get in and those within despair to get out.
婚姻好比鸟笼，外面的鸟儿想进进不去，里面的鸟儿想出出不来。
（13）All the people want to be successful in life and work. Success is one of the primary motivating factors of human society. But we must not say, it is our basic biological need, although it can bring a person position or wealth he needs. In the pursuit of success, we should have a right attitude toward failure – no fear for it is the best policy –as a Chinese old saying says, ―failure is the mother of success.‖
每个人都想在生活和工作中取得成功。成功是人类社会主要的动力之一。尽管成功能给人带来所需的地位和财富，但是我们不能说成功是我们的基本生物需求。在追求成功的过程中，我们应该用正确的态度看待失败---最好的办法是不惧怕失败，正如一句中国古训所说：“失败是成功之母。
（14）Even though everyone has different concepts about what constitutes being successful, almost all individuals experience the constant pressure to succeed. While most people would still consider an important position or great wealth as a sign of success, others are realizing that the term embraces many more elements. To me, success means the achievement of one’s goals. It includes a feeling of accomplishment, a willingness to overcome fear in attempting something new, and a sense of self-improvement in reaching the goal.
每个人对什么是成功有不同的观点，但几乎所有的人都经历过为取得成功所承受的长期压力。虽然多数人仍然把身居要职和腰缠万贯看成是成功的标志，但也有人认识到成功包含着更多的东西。对我而言，成功就是实现了自己的目标，它包括尝试新事物的成就感和克服恐惧的积极性以及在实现目标的过程中的自我完善。
（15）It is sometimes the fate of a poet to succeed, only when he has one foot in the grave.
有时候一名诗人命中注定只有在一只脚踏进坟墓的时候才会成功。
（16）Found throughout Central and South America, the sloth hangs from trees by its long rubbery limbs, sleeping fifteen hours a day and moving infrequently.
树懒产于中南美洲各地，它靠长而有弹性的四肢挂在树上，每天睡15个小时，很少移动。
（17）We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays than our eyes, can see clearly in the night.
我们知道,因为猫的眼睛所摄入的光线比人眼多,所以猫在夜间看物体很清楚.
（18）He insisted on building another house, which he had no use for.
尽管没有用处,他仍然坚持再盖一座房子.
（19）Men became desperate for work, any work, which will help them to keep alive their families.
人们开始急切的找工作,只要能帮助他们维持家庭生活,任何工作都行.
（20）Yet, from the beginning, the fact that I was alive was ignored.
然而从一开始，人们就忽略了我还活着这一事实. （21）But I knew I couldn’t trust him. There was always the possibility that he was a political swindler.
但我知道我不能信任他.很有可能他是个政治骗子. （22）It does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the delay.
他应对延误负责,这一事实无法改变.
（23）He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again.
他希望还能再次访问中国.
（24）I have accepted my father’s decision that I was to be a doctor, thought the prospect did not interest me at all.
我已经接受了父亲的决定，将来做名医生,尽管我对这种想法并不感兴趣.
（25）After Aunt Lena had heard about the family trouble, she agreed to look for a job.
丽娜阿姨听说了家庭的困难情况后，同意去找工作。（26）Our hearty desire is the establishment of a lasting peace in the world.
我们的衷心愿望是建立世界长久和平。
（27）I can’t even remember clearly what he looked like.
我连他的模样也记不清楚了。
（28）The war was immediately caused by incursions across the borders.
那次战争的直接原因是入侵国境。
（29）All night long the beating and questioning goes on, the search goes on. 拷打、审讯彻夜不停，搜捕也不停。
（30）My first 30 years were spent in Western America.
我的前三十年是在美国西部度过的。
（31）An individual is judged by how he serves the
collective, but the collective is expected to cherish the
lives and talents of its individuals.
判断一个人要看他对集体服务得怎样，但是集体也要
重视个人的生活和才能。
A
(1) As a demanding boss, he excepted total loyalty and
dedication from his employees.
他是个苛刻的老板，要求手下的人对他忠心耿耿，鞠
躬尽瘁。（贬）
(2)Active metals, organic substances, and other
oxidizable materials are always subject to slow attack by
oxygen when exposed to the air.
活泼金属，有机物和其它可氧化的物质，当暴露在空
气中时，总是容易受到氧的缓慢侵蚀。
(3)Anyone who has tugged heavy hand baggage down
endless airport corridors, or waited for a delayed flight in
a sterile lounge will know how user-unfriendly many
airports are in design terms.
任何人只要他曾拖着沉重的随身行李，走过环形的机
场走廊，或者曾在枯燥乏味的休息室里等候延误的班
机，都会体会到许多飞机场在设计上对旅客多么不方
便。
(4)A fool and his words are soon parted; a man of genius
and his money.
愚人会很快忘记说过的话，智者会很快放弃手里的
钱。
(5)After the basketball, he still has an important
conference.
看完篮球比赛之后，他还有一个重要会议要参加。
(6)As he sat down and began talking, words poured out.
他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个没完。
(7)A new kind of car—small, cheap—is attracting
increasing attention.
一种新型轿车正越来越引起人们的注意——这种轿
车体积小，价钱便宜。
(8)After all preparations were made, the planes were
flown across the U.S. to San Francisco.
一切准备工作就绪以后，飞机就飞越美国去了旧金
山。
(9)A book is useful. 书（是）有用（的）。
(10)As the temperature increase, the volume of water
becomes greater.
温度升高，水的体积就增大。
(11)And on July 1st, 1999, I graduated from university.
一九九九年七月一日，我大学毕业了。
(12)A teacher should have patience in his work.当教员
的应当有耐心。
(13)The girl standing at the window is his girlfriend.站
在窗口的（那个）女孩是他女朋友。
(14)A boy is always a boy.孩子终归是孩子。
(15)An acquaintance of world history is helpful to the
study of translation.
读一点世界史，对学习翻译是有帮助的。
(16)A view of Mt. E-mei can be obtained from here.从这
儿可以看到峨嵋山。
(17)Americans are great joiners, as the huge number of
organizations available in the United States attests.
美国人热衷于参加各种活动，看看不胜枚举的各种组
织就足以证明这一点。
(18)A well-dressed man, who looked and talked like an
American, got into the car.
一个衣着讲究的人上了车，他的言谈举止酷似美国
人。
(19)Appearances are often deceptive. 外表往往是靠不
住的。
(20)At the news of his father’s death, he remained quiet
for several days.
得知父亲过世的消息，他好几天都一言不发。
(21)Anybody less like a dictator they would not find. 他
是他们所见到的最霸道的人了。
(22)Americans view relationships in terms of ―rights‖;
Chinese in terms of ―obligations‖ --- to family, to one’s
elders, to the country.
美国人以―权利‖看待关系，而中国人则以―义务‖看待
关系：包括对家庭的义务、对长辈的义务和对国家的
义务。
(23)Americans are beginning to realize that this terrible
problem of poverty is their problem and not just the
Government’s.
美国人开始意识到可怕的贫困问题不仅是政府的问
题，更是他们自己的问题。
(24)Around the world, laws on human cloning research
are either restrictive, absent, or are lagging behind what
is happening in the laboratory.
全世界关于克隆人研究的法律要么加以限制，要么缺
乏，要么落后于实验室的进程。
(25)American writers have produced novels, short stories,
and poems, reflecting both the life of the nation and the
diverse local and ethnic cultures within it.
美国作家创作出了反映国民生活和国内多民族文化
的长篇小说、短篇小说和诗歌。
(26)A police court is presided over by a magistrate, who
tries the cases without a jury.
治安法庭由地方法官主持，法官审理各种案件，无须
陪审团。
(27)Apple pie is a favorite sweet, and English puddings,
of which there are various types, are an excellent ending
to a meal, especially in winter.
苹果馅饼是人们喜爱的甜点，而英国布丁品种多样，
用作一餐的最后一道点心再好不过，尤其在冬天更是
如此。
(28)Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers,
candles, turkeys and toys.
货品中有圣诞树、花卉、蜡烛、火鸡和玩具。
(29)An awed hush fell upon the bystanders. 旁观者吓得
大气也不敢出。
(30)A glance through his office window offers a
panoramic view of the Washington Monument and the
Lincoln Memories.
从他的办公室窗口望出去，华盛顿纪念碑和林肯纪念
堂尽收眼底。
(31)American presidents tend to be judged less by the
goods they set in motion than by how well they respond
to crises.
美国人对总统的评判往往不是看他们能否成功治理
国家，而是看他们能否泰然应对危机。
(32)After all these years of working together, he is more
than a friend to me.
他和我共事了这么多年，我们已成莫逆之交。
(33)Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth
century, because nowhere in nature is it found free,
owing to its always being combined with other elements,
most commonly with oxygen, for which it has a strong
affinity.
铝总是跟其他元素结合在一起, 最普遍的是跟氧结合;
因为铝跟氧有很强的亲和力, 由于这个原因, 在自然
界找不到游离状态的铝。所以, 铝直到19世纪才被人
发现。
(34)Attracted by reports of great economic opportunities
and religious and political freedom, immigrants from
many other countries flocked to the United States in
increasing numbers, reaching a peak in the years 1880
-1914.
许多其他国家的人听说在美国挣钱机会多，还有宗教
和政治自由，不免有所心动，纷纷移居美国，移民人
数越来越多，于1880年至1914年间达到了顶峰。
B
(1)Brain drain has been Kangding’s No.1 concern; as a
matter of fact, it has been an epidemic in this area.
人才外流一直是康定的头号问题，实际上，它已经成
为那一地区带普遍性的严峻问题。
(2)Before too many years passed, corner gasoline
stations may be replaced by battery-recharging terminals.
用不了多少年，街头加油站就有可能被蓄电池充电站
所代替。
(3)Big powers have their strategies while small countries
also have their own lines.
强国有强国的策略，小国有小国的路线。
(4)Being a major concern now, the problem of cyber
security calls for government measures for improvement.
网上安全现在已经成为人们关注的主要问题，因此需
要政府采取措施，增强网上安全。
(5)Broadly speaking, human beings may be divided into
three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who
are worried to death, and those who are bored to death.
广义地说，人可以分为三类：有些人辛劳而死，有些
人忧愁而死，有些人烦闷而死。
(6)Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an
environment where there are many stimuli which
develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will
experience greater intellectual development.
行为主义者认为, 如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激
因素, 这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展, 那
么, 儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。
(7)But now it is realized that supplies of some of them
are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable
estimate of their ―expectation of life‖, the time it will
take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these
materials.
可是现在人们意识到, 其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有
限的, 人们甚至还可以比较合理的估计出这些矿物质
―可望存在多少年‖, 也就是说, 经过若干年后, 这些
矿物的全部已知矿源和储量将消耗殆尽。
C
(1)Changes are being introduced to make the department
operate more efficiently.
变革正在进行，以提高部门的工作效率。
(2)―Coming!‖ Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the
path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch.
―来啊!‖ 她转身蹦着跳着地跑了, 越过草地, 跑上小
径,跨上台阶, 穿过凉台,进了门廊。
(3)Can you give an accurate translation of the sentence?
你能准确地把这句话译出来吗？
(4)Come to my office and have a talk with me whenever
you are free.
你什么时候有空，就什么时候到我办公室来谈一谈。
(5)Cambridge University has nurtured great scientists,
thinkers and poets such as Newton, Bacon, Milton,
Byron and Darwin, who made outstanding contribution
to the progress of mankind. 剑桥大学培养出了牛顿、培
根、弥尔顿、拜伦、达尔文这样伟大的科学家、思想
家和诗人，他们为人类的进步做出了杰出的贡献。
(6)California on the whole has a climate milder all the
year round than that of any other places in the
Continental United States.
大体上说，在整个美国大陆上，加州的全年气候是最
温和的。
(7) Charles is more cautious than decisive. 查尔斯谨慎
有余，果敢不足。
D
(1)Destructive forces are clearly operating within the
community.
显然社区中有破坏势力在活动。
(2)Dobbin had been in the coffee-room for an hour or
more He had tried all the papers but could not read
them．
杜宾在咖啡室少说也待了一个钟头。他翻遍了所有的
报纸，可什么也没看进去
(3)Disappearances occurred with apparently increasing
frequency.
失踪事件接二连三地发生，显然越来越频繁。
(4)Decision has to come. 决定还没有做出。
(5)Don’t lose time in handing in the exercise book s. 立
即把作业本交上来。
(6)Detroit owes its rapid growth and one-time prosperity
to the automobile, and above all to Henry Ford.
底特律的迅速发展和一度繁荣归功于汽车业，尤其归
功于亨利-福特。
E
(1)Exchange rates are currently operating to the
advantage of exports.
目前的汇率走势对出口有利。
(2)Every life has its roses and thorns.
每个人的生活都有甜和苦。
(3)European habits have changed much along with the
increase in supermarkets and shopping centers, the
number of cars, and the modernization of housing.
欧洲人的习惯随着超市、购物中心和小汽车的增多，
以及住房的现代化而发生了变化。
(4)Ericsson launched its slim and smart new model
which analysts expect will boost profits but not market
share in the tough mobile phone market.
手机市场竞争激烈，爱立信公司推出小巧时尚的新机
型，专家预测这种机型能够增加利润，但不会扩大市
场份额。
(5)Each country has its own customs. 各国都有各国的
风俗。
(6)Everybody appreciates polite words and manners.
每个人都会赞赏礼貌的言辞和礼貌的举止。
(7)Einstein, who worked out the famous Theory of
Relativity, won the Nobel Prize in 1921.
爱因斯坦由于创立了著名的相对论，于1921年获得
了诺贝尔奖。
(8)Even though the United States produces more
automobiles than any other country, it still imports large
number of autos from Germany, Japan and Sweden,
primarily because there is a market for them in the
United States.
尽管美国的汽车生产量居世界首位，但它仍从德国、
日本和瑞典进口大量汽车，这主要是因为美国市场有
这一需求。
(9)Even when we turn off the beside lamp and are fast
asleep, electricity is working for us, driving our
refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms
air-conditioned.
即使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时, 电仍在
为我们工作: 帮我们开动电冰箱, 把水加热, 或使室
内空调机继续运转。
F
(1)For mistakes had been made, bad ones, he was
severely criticized.
因为已经犯了错误，而且是很严重的错误，他受到了
严厉的批评
(2)Feel at home. 别见外，别客气。
(3)Functioning like a magnet, Hollywood draws
ambitious young people from all over the world.
好莱坞如同一块磁铁，吸引了世界各地一心想成名的
年轻人。
(4)Foundations are based on the money that would
otherwise go to the government in taxes.
基金会所依赖的资金本来会以税收的形式上缴政府。
(5)For a family of four, for example, it is more
convenient as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home,
with almost unlimited entertainment available, than to go
out in search of amusement elsewhere.
譬如, 对于一个四口之家来说, 舒舒服服地在家中看
电视, 就能看到几乎数不清的娱乐节目, 这比到外面
别的地方去消遣又便宜又方便。
G
(1)Glass is more transparent than plastic cloth.玻璃的透
明度比塑料布要好。
(2) Good winner, good loser. 胜不骄，败不馁。
(3)Genetically engineered rice is the key to Asia’s food
security, to feed impoverished millions.
转基因大米对于保障亚洲粮食供给十分重要，对于保
证贫穷的数百万人民温饱也十分重要
H
(1)He took the machine to pieces to try and find out how
it operated.
他把机器拆开，想看看机器怎么运转的。
(2)He reached his hand out for the book I offered him.
他伸出手来接我给他的书。
(3)He was a man of high renown (fame).
他是位有名望的人。（褒）
(4)"He was polite and always gave advice willingly," she
recalled.
她回忆说，―他彬彬有礼，总是诲人不倦。‖
(5)He left without a word.
他一句话也不说就走了。
(6)He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech.
他没有致闭幕词就宣布结束会议。
(7)He ate and drank, for he was exhausted.
他吃了点东西，喝了点酒，因为他疲惫不堪了。
(8)He was wrinkled and black, with scant gray hair.
他满脸皱纹，皮肤黝黑，头发灰白稀疏。
(9)His arrogance made everyone dislike him.
他的傲慢态度使谁也不喜欢他。
(10)He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable.
他消瘦而憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。
(11)He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up
his eyes, but said nothing.
他耸耸肩，摇摇头，两眼看天，一句话不说。
(12)He looked gloomy and troubled.他看上去有些忧愁
不安。
(13)He left without a word.他一句话不说就走了。
(14)His very appearance at any affair proclaims it a
triumph.
无论什么事情，只要他一露面，就算是成功了。
(15)He is no smoker, but his father is a chain-smoker.
他倒是不抽烟，但他的爸爸却一支接一支地抽。
(16)He was a regular visitor.他经常来。
(17)He is strong physically, but weak mentally. 他体力
很强，可智力很弱。
(18)Hopefully, it will be done early next month.下月初
完成这项工作是大有希望的。
(19)He had the honor to attend the congress.他荣幸地出
席了代表大会。
(20)He had a careful study of the map before he started
off.他在出发前仔细地看了看地图。
(21)He hated failure; he had conquered it in his own life,
risen above it, despised it in others.
他讨厌失败，他一生中曾战胜失败，超越失败，并且
藐视别人的失败。
(22)Happy family also had their own troubles.幸福家庭
也有幸福家庭的苦恼。
(23)Having brought about a lifestyle revolution, Internet
use is threatened by hackers’ repeated attacks of the
computer systems of important organizations.
尽管因特网带来了生活方式的革命，黑客屡屡入侵重
要机构的电脑系统，使因特网的功能受到了损害。
(24)His weariness and the increasing heat determined
him to sit down in the first convenient shade.
他疲惫不堪，天气又越来越热，于是想就近找个阴凉
的地方，坐下歇会儿。
(25)His action was prompted by the fear of being
attacked.
他这样做是因为害怕受到攻击。
(26) His real interests lie outside work in his love of
music.
他最喜欢在工作之余，尽情欣赏音乐。
(27)He left the White House a wiser but sadder man.
他离开白宫时比以前更睿智，但也更伤感。
(28)He felt more than shrilled to come across such a
gorgeous beauty.
邂逅这样一个大美人，他激动万分。
(29)He gave me clothes as well as food.
他除了给我食物外还给我衣服。
(30)He as good as said I’m a liar. 他无异于说我撒谎。
I
(1)If there’s an electrical failure, it’s possible to operate
the lift manually.
如果停电，可以由人力开动电梯。
(2)It is indeed the most magnificent drawing-room I
have ever seen.
那的确是我所见到的最豪华的客厅。
(3)It is all very well, again, to have a tiger in the tank,
but to have one in the driver's seat is another matter
altogether.
当然油箱里装满优质汽油倒是好事，但是驾驶室里要
是坐着横冲直撞的司机就完全是另一回事了。
(4) If you give him an inch, he will take a mile.得寸进
尺。
(5) I wash my face in the morning.我早上洗脸。
(6) I saw her waving her hand and smiling sadly at me.
我看见她挥着手，对我忧愁地微笑着。
(7) It took me a long time to reach the hospital.我花了很
长时间才到了医院。
(8) If winter comes, can spring be far behind?冬天来了，
春天还会远吗？
(9) In July, 1956, Egypt had seized the Suez Canal.一九
五六年七月，埃及占领了苏伊士运河。
(10)I can note the grace of her gesture.我可以看到她优
雅的举止。
(11)Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in
study. 独立思考是学习所绝对必要的。
(12)I went to the airport to meet my friend but missed
her. 我去机场接朋友，可是没接着。
(13)It escapes your notice that she has changed so much.
你没注意到她变化那么大。
(14)If all three of you take part in it, there can be no
further questioning of your courage.
要是你们三位都参加，无疑你们是有勇气的。
(15)I couldn’t agree with you more. 我完全同意。
(16)In due course, having received a summons, the
motorist who commits a motoring offence will appear in
a police court.
驾驶人开车违章，收到传票后，要在规定时间内到治
安法庭受审。
(17)In an effort to reach more readers, many publications
have gone on-line, making their materials available to
people with personal computers.
为了争取更多读者，很多杂志将文章刊载在电脑网络
上，人们在家里可以通过个人电脑阅读喜爱的文章。
(18)In 1849 gold was discovered in California in the
mountains near San Francisco and so started the famous
Gold Rush.
1849年加州三藩市附近的山里发现了黄金，由此开始
了广为人知的淘金热。
((19)It is believed that nuclear power is among the
greatest innovations of our time. But it is also feared it
will bring the end of the world.
我们相信核能是当代最伟大的发明之一，但是我们也
担忧核能会带来世界末日。
(20)It is commonly believed that hot climates reduce
people’s energy and that people of the south walk and
talk more slowly than the busy northerners.
（人们）通常认为，炎热的气候降低了人的活力，南
方人走路和说话都比忙碌的北方人慢。
(21)In the 1960s there was a change in fashion in favor
of small cars.
20世纪60年代，时尚起了变化，小汽车受到人们的
青睐。
(22)In the middle of the rectangular-shaped courtyard
stood three magnolia trees, all in full bloom.
长方形的院子里长着三株盛开的白玉兰。
(23)Improved housing has also contributed to a
sharpened sense of aesthetics.
改善居室环境也有助于增强审美意识。
(24)It is not advice as much as approval that he seeks.
与其说他在征求意见，不如说他在期望得到赞同。
(25) If you ask my opinion, I’d say he is a man who is more brave than wise.
要我说，他这人勇敢有余，韬略不足。
(26)I was busy and less than delighted to have company that day.
那天我很忙，不喜欢有人作伴。
(27)It is not easy to impart knowledge any more than it is to acquire knowledge.
获取知识不易，传授知识亦难。
(28)It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.
因此, 如果要使学生充分利用他们(上大学)的机会, 就得为他们提供大量关于课程的更为详尽的信息, 作更多的指导。这个问题显得越来越重要了。
J
(1)Justice will inevitably prevail over evil, light over darkness and progress over backwardness. 正义终将战胜邪恶，光明终将送走黑暗，进步终将替代倒退。(2)Jesse opened his eyes. They were filled with tears.杰西睁开眼，眼里充满了泪水。
(3)Just as necessary for us as knowledge are social experiences.
对我们来说，和知识同样必需的是社会经历。
L
(1)Leave me alone! Go away! 别烦我！走开！
(2)Lacking communications between generations, some families are upset by the widening generation gap.
由于两代人之间缺乏交流，不断加深的代沟使一些家庭深感烦恼。
(3)Launched on 1 January, 1999, the euro becomes the official currency in the 11 European Union nations.
欧元于1999年1月1日启动，成为11个欧盟国家的官方流通货币。
(4) Long dominated by the Japanese, Asia’s auto market now lies in the sights of ambitious US and European car manufacturers.
长期由日本一统天下的亚洲汽车市场，目前受到了雄心勃勃的美国和欧洲汽车制造商的关注。
(5)Like the press in most other countries, American newspapers range from the sensational, which feature crime, sex and gossip, to the serious, which focus on factual news and the analysis of world events.
美国报纸和其他国家一样，既有耸人听闻的小报，报道犯罪、色情和小道消息，也有严肃报刊，聚焦实事新闻，分析国际时事。
M
(1)My shoes are the worse for wear.
我的皮鞋穿破了。
(2)Mary washed for a living after her husband died of cancer.
玛丽的丈夫癌症去世后，就靠洗衣服维持生活。(3)My heart bleeds when I recall the scene --- my teacher moved with difficulty out the room, with tears in his eyes. 回想起老师眼含泪水艰难地走出教室的情景，我心里悲痛极了。
(4)Milk is sold by the pound.牛奶按磅计价。
(5)Matters in the world should be handled by the government and people of all countries through consultations on the basis of equality.
世界上的事情应由各国政府和人民平等协商。
(6)More than 50,000 computers at websites were infected by a computer virus that is spreading rapidly around the world.
一种电脑病毒在全世界迅速传播，网上5万多台电脑遭到侵袭。
(7)Movies were first made in Hollywood before WWI. 一战前好莱坞首次制作了电影。
(8)Music whose meaning is slightly different with each hearing has a greater chance of remaining alive.
有一种音乐，你每一次聆听感受稍有不同，这样的音乐更有可能经久不衰。
N
(1)Neither party shall cancel the contract without sufficient cause or reason.
双方均不得无故解除合同。
(2)Nothing but a miracle could prevent the company from going bankrupt.
只有奇迹发生，这家公司才能免于破产。
(3)Not long from now, the seemingly endless expansion of computer power that has propelled the digital revolution of the past two decades will stop unless major breakthroughs take place.
电脑的能量似乎在无止境地扩大，推动了过去20年的革命，然而在不久的将来，如果没有大的突破，这种扩大将会终止。
(4) Normally, in tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation.
通常热带地区阳光强烈，而其他地区海水蒸发量不如热带地区那么大，因此这些地区海水咸度要高些。
O
(1)Our products, if maintained properly and regularly, can at least see twenty years’ service.
我们的产品如果适当地定期检修，至少可以使用20年。
(2)On Sundays we have no school.礼拜天我们不上课。
(3)On the morning of the exam day I woke up early.考试的那天早上，我醒得很早。
(4)Our foreign policy is supported by people all over the world.
我国的外交政策得到了全世界人民的支持。
(5)One of the features of London is the number of big stores, most of which are to be found in or near the West End.
伦敦的一大特色是大商店多，大多数位于西区及周边地区。
P
(1)Personal tragedy haunted his entire life, in the deaths of loved ones.
亲人的相继离世是他的一生充满了个人悲剧。
(2)participants in the war, but nor must we be mere spectators.
我们不能参与战争，但也不能袖手旁观。
(3)Population grew both as a result of natural increase and of continued immigration.
人口的增长是自然增长和不断移民的结果。
(4)Populations increase and decrease relatively not only to one another, but also to natural resources. 人口的增减不仅彼此有相对关系，而且也和自然资源有相对关系。
(5)People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anybody else.
尽管警察已接到命令, 要作好准备以应付紧急情况, 但人们不敢出门, 因为警察也和其他人一样不知所措和无能为力。
R
(1)Robin Hood and his merry men hated the rich and loved and protected the poor.
罗宾汉和他的同伴们痛恨阔人，热爱并保护穷人。
S
(1)Specially equipped troops are operating undercover activities in the hills.
专门部队在山上进行秘密训练。
(2) She reached up and picked a pear off a branch.
她抬起手从一根枝上摘下一只梨。
(3)She has been a widow only six months.
她的丈夫死了至今不过半年。
(4)Since the first test of the atomic bomb the world has learnt that the atom can be split and its power used.
自从第一颗原子弹试验以来，全世界都已知道，原子可以分裂，原子能可以利用。(5) So-called convenience and frozen foods are now as
popular in Europe as they are in America.
如今，所谓的方便食品和速冻食品风靡欧洲，就像在
美国一样大众化。
(6) Since air has weight, it exerts force on any object
immersed in it.
因为空气具有重量，所以处在空气中的任一物体都会
受到空气的作用力。
(7)She warmly welcomed her guests in and brought them
a cup of tea.
她热情地将客人们迎进来，然后给他们各端了一杯
茶。
(8)She lingered long over his letter.她反反复复地回味
着他的来信。
(9)She won't be coming, as we didn't invite her。我们没
邀请她，她不回来的。
(10)Smoking is prohibited in public places.公共场所不
准吸烟。
(11) She behaves as if she were a child.她的举止跟一个
孩子一样。
(12)Stevenson was eloquent and elegant—but soft. 史蒂
文森有口才、有风度，但很软弱。
(13)She looked at me expectantly. 她用期待的眼光看
着我。
(14)She was irritated at being denied the opportunity to
get a pay rise.
她没有得到涨工资的机会，非常生气。
(15)She is the last person to trust with a secret.她是最不
能保守秘密的人。
(16)She seemed pale from the absence of all cosmetics.
因为没有化妆，她看上去面色苍白。
(17)She couldn’t find anywhere to live, though not for
want of trying.
她四下里寻找住处，仍是找不到。
(18)Since most new smokers apparently are women, my
friend’s confusion was understandable. And there are
more than ever since September 11.
大多数的新烟民似乎都是女性，我的朋友误以为她们
是妓女也情有可原。自9.11事件发生后，抽烟的女性
人数比以往任何时候都多。
(19)Some theaters concentrate on the classics and serious
dramas, some on light comedy, some on musicals.
有些剧院集中上演经典剧目和严肃戏剧，有些剧院集
中上演轻喜剧，而有些剧院则集中上演音乐剧。
(20)Some have entered college and others have gone to
the countryside.
有的上大学了，有的下乡了。
(21)Swallowing small companies, the big media
corporations will be able to control what Americans read
and watch.
如果吞并众多小公司，大媒体集团将能控制美国人的
视听。
(22)Sweeping across Asia, an information technology
revolution is causing an acute shortage of high-tech
labor.
一场席卷亚洲的信息技术革命导致高新技术人才严
重短缺。
(23)Scientists have been devoted to developing
high-yield rice varieties that sparked the green revolution
in the 1970s.
科学家致力于开发高产水稻品种，从而引发了20世
纪70年代的绿色革命。
(24)So bright was the moon that the flowers were as
bright as by day.
月色皎洁，照得花朵像白天一样鲜艳。
(25)She is as gentle as fair. 她既温柔又美丽。
(26)She was as good as dead after the final exam. 期末
考试完后，她就像死了一样。
T
(1)The speaker's voice couldn't reach to the back of the
auditorium.
礼堂后排听不到演讲人的声音。
(2)The insecticide was put out of the child's reach. 杀虫
剂放在孩子够不着的地方。
(3)The upper reaches of Minjiang River serves as
ecological barriers of Sichuan Province and even the
west of China.
岷江上游是四川省乃至我国西南重要的生态屏障
(4)The buildings around the Circus are rather
nondescript, though some of them are large and quite
imposing.
广场周围的建筑物并不起眼，不过其中有一些还比较
高大、宏伟。
(5)The factors which are likely to influence investment
spending do not stop here.
可能影响投资开支的因素并不止这些。
(6)That’s a tall story about the town’s high street.
有关这城主街的说法是在令人难以置信。
(7)There is more to their life than political and social and
economic problem, more than transient everydayness.
他们的生活远不止那些政治的、社会的和经济的问
题，远不止一时的柴米油盐问题。
(8)The factory is famous for its arsenal of technical
geniuses.
这家工厂以拥有众多技术精英而著称。
(9)The interest rates have see-sawed between 10 and 15
percent.
利率一直在10％到15％之间不断波动。
(10)There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the
character of the imperialists.
帝国主义者的性格既残暴，又狡猾。
(11)Tony is only nineteen and the baby of our crew.
托尼只有十九岁，是我们机组里的小字辈。
(12)The adoption of new policies will surely lead to
some striking results.
采取各项新政策必将带来显著成果。
(13)There would have been more painful result but for
the drastic measures.
若不是采取了严厉措施，那将会出现的更痛苦的后
果。
(14)The popularity of television and the difficulty of
financing plays have helped to close many theatres. But
now it seems the theatre is about to pick up again after a
period of decline.
电视普及，加上戏剧筹资困难，许多剧院被迫关门。
然而经过一端时间的衰落后，现在剧院似乎又将从新
焕发生机。
(15)Those who do not remember the past are condemned
to relive it.
凡是忘掉过去的人注定要重蹈覆辙。（贬）
(16)The smaller the animal, the greater the surface area
in relation to body mass.
动物越小，单位体重的表面积（与体重相比的表面积）
越大。
(17) The heart is slightly bigger than a fist, and lies
between the lungs.
心脏略大于一个拳头，位于两肺之间。
(18)They wanted to ease the tension in the Middle East.
他们试图缓解中东的紧张局势。
(19)The thesis summed up the new achievements made
in computers, artificial satellites and rockets.
该论文总结了计算机、人造卫星和火箭三方面的最新
成就。
(20)The crowds melted away.人群渐渐散开了。
(21)The development of economy remains one of the
priorities of the Chinese Government.
发展经济仍然是中国政府的首要任务之一。
(22)That black jacket is indeed cheap and fine.那件黑夹
克真是价廉物美。
(23)The earth goes around the sun.地球绕太阳转。
(24)The significance of a man is not in what he attained
but rather in what he longs to attain.
人生的意义不在于已经获取的，而在于渴望得到什么
样的东西。
(25)The more he tried to hide his mistakes, the more he
revealed them.
他越是想要掩盖他的错误，就越是容易暴露。
(26)The People’s Republic of China was founded in
1949.一九四九年中华人民共和国成立。
(27)The children are of an age.这些孩子都是同岁的。
(28)There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the
trees, the grass was dead.
没有下雪，但叶落草枯。
(29)The American airline industry has enjoyed
significant expansion in the last twenty years. 过去的20
年里，美国的航空工业突飞猛进。
(30)The growing concentration of wealth in the hands of
a few people raised social and political issues. 财富逐渐
集中在少数人手中，引发了许多社会问题和政治问
题。
(31)The Statue of Liberty was a gift to USA from France
in 1886 as a mark of friendship and also in memory of
the aid France gave the Americans during the American
Revolution.
自由女神像由法国于1886年赠给美国，作为友谊的
象征，并纪念美国独立战争期间法国给予的援助。
(32)The American economy is organized in single-owner
businesses, partnerships and corporations. 美国经济的
组织方式是个人所有制、合伙制和公司制。
(33) They did their best to help the sick and the
wounded.
他们尽了最大的努力帮助病号和伤员。
(34)This problem is no less important than that one.
这个问题的重要性不亚于那个问题。
(35)The new type of machine is shown schematically in
Figure 1.
图一所示是这种新型机器的简图。
(36)The English language has changed subtly and
pervasively. 英语的变化很敏感，很普遍。
(37)The man nodded with satisfaction. 那人满意地点了
点头。
(38)The computer is beyond repair. You might as well
buy a new one.
这台电脑修不好了，你不如买台新的算了。
(39)They accepted the peace proposal with dignity. 他们
不失体面地接受了这项和平方案。
(40)The hotel staff spared no pains to ensure that our
stay was as joyable as possible.
旅馆工作人员竭尽所能让我们住得舒适些。
(41)The 21st century executive must be a global
strategist, working as deftly in Tokyo as in New York.
He sees --- then seizes --- markets worldwide.
21世纪的行政主管必须是全球战略家，无论在东京还
是在纽约，都能应付自如。他能够纵览全球市场，把
握市场机遇。
(42)They are loyal to the motherland and the people.他
们忠于祖国，忠于人民。
(43) There had been too much publicity about his love
affairs.
他的风流韵事已经是满城风雨、人人皆知了。
(44)The boasts were flat. 祝酒辞时平平淡淡的。
(45)The kid is always in rags as if he were an orphan.
那个孩子整天穿得破破烂烂，就像个孤儿似的。
(46)The Panama Canal has become Panama’s Canal,
ending 95 years of American control.
巴拿马运河已经成为巴拿马自己的运河，从而结束了
美国95年的控制。
(47)The risk of the global nuclear conflict has been
greatly reduced.
全球核冲突的危险性已经大大减小。
(48)The euro was inspired by the idea of creating ―a
country called Europe‖.
欧元诞生于―欧洲一体化‖的设想。
(49)The consumer spending was dampened in the
regional financial crisis in Asia.
亚洲地区的金融危机抑制了消费。
(50)The mobile phone boom is driven by the young
adults.
年轻人促进了移动电话市场的繁荣。
(51)The ever-increasing demand for private cars could
be halted by more investment in public transport.
公共交通增加投入，可以抑制不断增长的私车需求。
(52)The National Security Agency in US is accused of
reading other people’s e-mails around the world in its
search for military and commercial secrets.
人们指责美国国家安全局在全球范围内偷窥他人的
电子邮件，获取军事和商业秘密。
(53)The fine would serve as a warning to other motorists
who drove without due care.
罚款对于驾车不够小心的司机可以起到警告作用。
(54)The era of globalization has begun with new
communication and information technologies, and
capital could flow freely to those regions, industries and
companies that promise the best returns.
随着通信和信息技术的发展，全球化时代已经到来，
资本可以自由地流向有望获得最大收益的地区、产业
和公司。
(55)The high-tech explosion has created a new group of
workers that like challenge and treasure the
independence and the diversity of work.
高科技迅速发展，造就了一批新的员工，他们喜欢挑
战，珍视独立和工作的多样性。
(56)The idea that the family is the traditional unit of
society is challenged by American youth who are
increasingly turning down marriage.
家庭是社会的传统组成成分，而美国青年越来越拒绝
婚姻，使这种观念受到了挑战。
(57)Technology is creating a global economy that is
supplanting the old national economies.
由技术带来的经济全球化正在取代旧有的民族经济。
(58)The trend of home working is surging in the field of
finance where trading can be done via the Internet.
在金融界可以通过互联网进行交易，居家工作的潮流
正在金融界兴起。
(59)There was no respect even for Einstein in Hitler’s
Germany, who only wanted to think of the problems
beyond time and space and politics.
希特勒统治下的德国，就连爱因斯坦也得不到尊重，
因为他一心只想考虑超越时空和政治的问题。
(60)The danger of a recession in world trade that could
hit all countries cannot be ignored, but it would bear
most heavily on the weakest partners in the world
economy.
因为经济衰退的危险可能冲击到所有的国家，所以不
容忽视，但是受到冲击最大的将是世界经济中最为弱
小的国家。
(61)There are a lot of pine trees on the slope of the hill.
山坡上长着许多松树。
(62)There sits a flower bed in the middle of the garden.
园子中央有一座花坛。
(63)There are four types of sentences in terms of
structure: simple, compound, complex, and
compound-complex sentences.
按结构分，句子有四类：简单句、并列句、复合句和
并列复合句。
(64)There are over twenty printing errors. 印刷错误有
二十多处。
(65)There may be a chance to win. 可能还有赢的机会。
(66)There’s going to be a fine day. 天要晴了。
(67)There can never be any discussion as to the
consequences of corruption.
无需讨论腐败的后果。
(68)There was expected to be strong disagreement on the
matter.
对这件事的看法，估计有很大的分歧。
(69)There is a persistent demand on the part of parents
for an attack on pornographic publications.
家长一直要求对色情出版物进行打击。
(70)There is a growing concern over the population
growth.
人们对人口的迅速增长越来越关注。
(71)There was cheer in every face and a spring in every
step.
人人喜笑颜开，步履轻快。
(72)Then began a bitter war between the two countries.
于是两国之间开始了恶战。
(73)To this class belongs the most astonishing work that
the author accomplished.
作者写就的那部惊世骇俗之作便是属于这一类。
(74)The isolation of the rural world because of distance
and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the
lack of the information media.
农村因为地处偏僻，交通不便，与外界隔绝。而通讯
工具的缺乏，使农村更为闭塞。
(75)The thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps.
我走在厚厚的地毯上，声息全无。
(76)The plan is nothing more than a castle in the air.
这个计划只是空中楼阁。
(77)The problem is probably as much political as
military.
这很可能既是一个政治问题，又是一个军事问题。
(78)The number of the young people in the United States
who can't read is incredible about one in four.
大约有1/4的美国青年人没有阅读能力, 这简直令人
难以置信。
(79)Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about
current events, allow one to follow the latest
developments in science and politics, and offers an
endless series of programmes which are both instructive
and entertaining.
人们常说, 通过电视可以了解时事, 掌握科学和政治
的最新动态。从电视里还可以看到层出不穷、既有教
育意义又有娱乐性的新节目。
U
(1)University applicants who had worked at a job would
receive preference over those who had not.报考大学的
人，有工作经验的优先录取。
V
(1)V oting ballots are unsigned and marked by the voters
in private booths so that no one else can find out for
whom a citizen is voting.
选票不记名，由选民在隔离的投票站内填写，这样就
不会知道选民投了谁的票。
(2)Vietnamese War is a drain on American resources.
越南战争不断地消耗美国的资源。
(3)V ariety is a key characteristic of the United States,
both geographically and culturally.
多姿多彩是美国地理和文化的主要特征。
W
(1)We have representatives operating in most countries.
我们在许多国家都有代理开展业务。
(2) We tried to reach them by cable. 我们试着用电报跟
他们联络。
(3)We had a grand view of a sea of clouds when we
climbed to the top of the mountain.
当我们爬上了山巅时，看到了云海的壮观景象。
(4) We must do away with the grandiose style of work.我
们必须摈弃浮夸的工作作风。
(5) Whenever the stately national anthem is performed, I
am invariably emotionally roused.
每当奏起庄严的国歌时，我总在感情上受到激发。
(6)With the invention of writing, a great advance was
made, for knowledge could then be mot only
communicated but also stored, libraries made education
possible, and education in its turn added to libraries.
由于文字的发明，人类取得了巨大的进步，因为此时
知识不仅可以交流，而且可以储存。图书为开展教育
活动提供了可能性，而教育又反过来增加了图书的数
量和内容。
(7)Whether you like it or not, globalization is here to stay.
We are not going to reverse the trend.
不管你对它的态度如何，经济全球化已成为我们生活
的一部分，这个趋势不可逆转。
(8)Women have outgrown the jumping-on-chair-at
–the-sight-of-a-mouse era, but he says that they have not.
女性已经不再像从前那样一见到老鼠就吓得跳到椅
子上；而他则认为，今天的女性还没有取得这样的进
步。
(9)Without a sense of your fault, how can repentance and
amendment be expected?
如果对自己的错误都不能认识到，怎么能指望你会悔
改呢？
(10)What a leader he was! 他真是一个出类拔萃的领
袖啊。
(11)We live and learn.活到老，学到老。
(12)We knew winter vocation was coming as (because)
we had seen the big stone in the River.
（我们）看见了河里大石头，就知道寒假要来了。
(13)Winter is the best time to study the growth of trees.
Although the leaves are gone and the branches are bare,
the trees themselves are beautiful.
冬天是研究树木生长的最好季节，虽则树叶落了，树
枝光了，但树木本身却是美丽的。
(14)When the pressure gets low, the boiling-point
becomes low.气压低，沸点就低。
(15)We have seen the beauty of Mt. Tai.我们看到了
美丽的泰山。
(16)Women who do house work by the hour may make
nearly as much public school teachers, if they work the
same number of hours.
做家务的钟点女工在同样的时间内，挣钱不比公立学
校的教师少。
(17) While she liked his works, she pointed out areas
where improvement was possible.
尽管她喜欢他的作品，但仍指出其不足之处。
(18)We could not be more mistaken. 我们大错特错了。
(19)Westerners think in ―prose‖, each sentence or
paragraph following from the preceding.
西方人思维方式是―散文式‖的，每句话、每个段落都
承接着前句或前段。
(20)Whoever violates the disciplines should be criticized.
谁犯了纪律，谁就该受到批评。
(21)We want such materials as can bear high temperature
and pressure.
我们需要能耐高温、高压的材料。
Y
(1)You have roused my curiosity. And now you must
gratify it.
你既然激起了我的好奇心，就别再卖关子了。
(2)Your negligence was nothing less than criminal. 你的
疏忽无异于犯罪。
(3)You can not be too careful in proofreading. 校对时越
仔细越好。
考研英语翻译技巧之英译汉 汉英互译一直是考研英语中的难点，小编整理英译汉中常涉及的难点提出一些建议，并以实际案例进行解析，帮助大家掌握英译汉的翻译技巧，快速掌握英译汉，为考研成功进行最后的冲刺。 难点 1.多为长难句 英译汉句子平均的单词量在30个左右，而且结构复杂，修饰成分多，考生很容易因没有理清句子结构而造成翻译得南辕北辙的现象。 2.需要联系上下文来理解词义 考研英语的英译汉是给你一篇文章，然后从中划出5个句子，因此就必须把词句的含义放到原文中来理解，切不可断章取义，有的词语翻译出来的意思与其本意可能会有不同，这正是英译汉要考察的要点之一。 建议 首先要拥有一定的单词量，背单词不能只知道其常用的意思，还应知道其作为其它属性或者完全与本意看似不相关的其他含义，这样才能在联系上下文翻译的时候对单词的含义做到触类旁通;其次，要有对长难句的“免疫”能力，可以在做阅读题的时候，把典型的复杂长难句记下来，试着划分句子结构，做到熟能生巧。最后，平时可以多看一些英文文章，培养一下语感，有助于对句子含义的整体把握。 真题解析 Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points)(2014年考研英语真题Part C) Music means different things to different people and sometimes even different things to the same person at different moments of his life. It might be poetic, philosophical, sensual, or mathematical, but in any case it must, in my view, have something to do with the soul of the human being. Hence it is metaphysical; but the means of expression is purely and exclusively physical: sound. I believe it is precisely this permanent coexistence of metaphysical message through physical means that is the strength of music。(46)It is also the reason why when we try to
大学英语翻译教学:现状与对策 李忠华 (东莞理工学院外语系,广东东莞 523808) 摘 要:基于对不同版本5大学英语教学大纲6之解读,文章对当前我国面向大学英语的翻译教学之现状进行了综合性分析,针对目前翻译教学中存在的问题探讨了相应的对策。 关键词:大学英语翻译教学;问题;对策 Abstr act:This paper i ntends to present a comprehensive analysis of the present situation i n the teaching of trans lation to non-English majors in Ch i na on the basis of analyzing different versions of College English Teaching Syllabus,and to discuss current problems in the teaching of translation to non-English maj ors and constructive countermeasures. Key Wor ds:teaching of translation to non_English maj ors;problems;countermeasures 中图分类号:H059 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1004-6038(2007)09-0047-03 1.引言 英语翻译教学中存在的问题随着英语学习者的反应、翻译水平和能力测试的反馈信息以及用人单位的反馈意见而逐渐浮现。罗选民(2002)按照学习者的专业属性把翻译的教学对象分为大学翻译教学和专业翻译教学两大类别。为了避免概念混淆,笔者把前者称之为大学英语翻译教学,后者为英语专业翻译教学。目前,英语翻译教学关注的焦点集中在后者,即英语专业翻译教学,而前者却处于翻译教学与研究之边缘地带。本文拟就我国大学英语翻译教学的现状进行分析,并探讨其对策。 2.大学英语翻译教学现状 目前,大学英语翻译教学处于英语翻译教学研究之边缘地带。此现状从我国翻译界学者们关于德利尔(Jean Deli sle)所提出的/翻译教学0(Pedagogy of Translation)与/教学翻译0(Pedagogical T ransla 2tion)之辩论即可窥其一斑。关于上述争议,普遍的观点是:翻译教学的重心为翻译技巧与知识之传授,旨在培养翻译之专才;而教学翻译被视为外语教学手段之一,旨在帮助学生掌握相关语言点,从而提高其外语水平。诚然,翻译教学与教学翻译在关注的重点方面的确存在差异。然而,在我国翻译教学研究领域普遍存在的一种观点是:/教学翻译指语言教学中的中外互译,它对译文的要求较低,比较适合与翻译专业课之外的其他形式的外语教学;而作为教学目的的翻译教学则是专业的,它对译文的要求较高0(罗选民,2002)。众所周知,在我国的英语教学中,教学翻译主要应用于大学英语教学而很少应用于英语专业教学。笔者以为,译界学者之重翻译教学而轻教学翻译的态度有将教学翻译边缘化之嫌。事实上,教学翻译的确被边缘化,甚至有研究者有失偏颇地将翻译教学之不良影响归咎于教学翻译(裴剑波,2003)。 教学翻译边缘化的直接影响之一就是大学英语翻译教学在翻译教学领域的边缘化。不仅如此,在大学英语教学领域,翻译教学也被边缘化了。首先,作为指导及检查大学英语教学的纲领性文件5大学英语教学大纲6,对于翻译教学并没有给予足够的重视。我国大学英语教学发展的进程中主要有四部教学大纲:即5大学英语教学大纲6(高等学校理工本科用)(1985年版,后简称5理工科大纲6)、5大学英语教学大纲6(高等学校文理科本科用)(1986年版,后简称5文理科大纲6)、5大学英语教学大纲(修订本)6(高等学校本科用)(1999年版,以下简称5新大纲6)和5大学英语课程教学要求(试行)6(2004年版)。在上述四部教学大纲中,5理工科大纲6指出大学英语教学目的是培养学生具有较强的阅读能力,一定的听和译的能力,并根据大学英语教学基础阶段和专业阅读两个阶段的差异,对学生在翻译能力 方面给出了具体的规定。然而,1986年版的5文理科大纲6则只是强调语言基础教学,强调培养学生的阅读和听的能力,而对学生在翻译方面的能力却没有提出任何要求。1999年版的5新大纲6在其教学目的中重新提及了培养学生的翻译能力,其重点仍然为培养学生具有较强的阅读能力和一定的听、说、读、写、译能力,尽管在翻译能力方面它要求兼顾到学生英译汉和汉译英两方面的能力。5新大纲6的一个亮点是针对大学英语教学的不同的阶段对学生的翻译能力提出了不同的具体的要求。2004年版5大学英语课程教学要求(试行)6的教学目标集中在培养学生的英语综合应用能力,特别是听说能力方面。它与5新大纲6在对学生翻译能力培养方面的一个共同之处就是根据大学英语教学的一般要求、较高要求和更高要求等三个层次的不同分别提出了不同的具体要求。从上述教学大纲内容分析不难看出,翻译教学在大学英语教学中处于边缘化地位。 3.大学英语的翻译教学中存在的问题 翻译教学在大学英语教学中的边缘化,使得大学英语翻译教学所面临的问题日益凸现。 1翻译课程的设置处于尴尬的境地。据笔者不完全统计,面向作者简介:李忠华(1972-),讲师,硕士,研究方向:应用语言学,翻译研究收稿日期:2007-04-25(修改稿) 2007年第9期总第222期外语与外语教学 Foreign Languages and Their Teaching 2007,l 9 Serial l 222
湖北省高等教育自学考试课程考试大纲 课程名称：商务英语翻译课程代码：05355 第一部分课程性质与目标 一、课程性质与特点 商务英语翻译是湖北省高等教育自学考试商务英语专业（专科）的一门专业基础课。该课程实践性强，注重专业知识，以课文的英译汉为主要内容，配以翻译理论和互译技巧的讲解，将英语学习与商务专业知识、英汉翻译理论与商务方面的实际应用等有机结合。本课程具备科学性，典型性，实用性，并紧扣全国国际商务专业技术资格考试中的规定的相关内容，理论联系实际，针对性强。 二、课程目标及基本要求 本课程较全面的涉及到了商务英语活动的各方面，讲解相关内容的翻译方法与技巧，增强翻译技能，通过大量全真的英汉互译的实例训练以达到提高本专业学生在专业英语及商务知识方面的翻译能力的目的。 通过本课程的学习，使学生能够全面、灵活地运用各种翻译方法和技巧，准确、完整地对各种商务英语体裁的文章进行翻译，达到商务英语专业大学专科的要求。 三、与本专业其他课程的关系 商务英语翻译课程的前期课程有综合英语（上）、商务英语听说、商务英语阅读、商务英语写作等课程，其后续课程是综合英语（下）、商务函电等课程，这些课程紧密联系，相辅相成。 第二部分考核内容与考核目标 第一单元 一、学习目的与要求 通过本单元的学习，使学生了解翻译的过程，翻译的形式及其目的；掌握《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》的有关内容；对国际商务合同的术语翻译和解读。 二、考核知识点与考核目标 （一）翻译中的词类转换；翻译的形式（重点） 理解：词类转换： 1.英语名词转化为汉语动词 1)动物名词的转化 2)人体名词的转换 3)自然现象名词的转化 4)地点名词的转化 2.英语名词转为为汉语形容词、副词 应用：翻译的形式 (1)直译literal translation (2)意译free translation (3)活译dynamic equivalence translation
英语翻译技巧之英译汉的八处注意事 项
英语翻译技巧之英译汉的八处注意事项 ~从细节处把握翻译~ 要真正掌握英译汉的技巧并非易事。这是因为英译汉时会遇到各种各样的困难；首先是英文理解难，这是学习、使用英文的人的共同感觉，由于两国历史、文化、风俗习惯的不同，因此一句英文在英美人看来顺理成章，而在中国人看来却是颠颠倒倒、断断续续，极为别扭。二是中文表示难，英译汉有时为了要找到一个合适的对等词汇，往往被弄得头昏眼花，好象在脑子里摸一个急于要开箱子的钥匙，却没有。另外，英译汉时对掌握各种文化知识的要求很高，因为我们所翻译的文章，其内容可能涉及到极为广博的知识领域，而这些知识领域多半是我们不大熟悉的外国的事情，如果不具备相应的文化知识难免不出现一些翻译中的差错或笑话。正是因为英译汉时会遇到这么多的困难，因此，我们必须经过翻译实践，对英汉两种不同语言的特点加以对比、概况和总结，以找出一般的表示规律来，避免出现一些不该出现的翻译错误，而这些表示的规律就是我们所说的翻译技巧。 一、词义的选择和引伸技巧 英汉两种语言都有一词多类和一词多义的现象。一词多类就是指
一个词往往属于几个词类，具有几个不同的意义；一词多义就是同一个词在同一词类中又往往有几个不同的词义。在英译汉的过程中，我们在弄清原句结构后，就要善于运用选择和确定原句中关键词词义的技巧，以使所译语句自然流畅，完全符合汉语习惯的说法；选择确定词义一般能够从两方面着手： 1、根据词在句中的词类来选择和确定词义 They are as like as two peas .她们相似极了。（形容词）He likes mathematics more than physics .她喜欢数学甚于喜欢物理。（动词） Wheat, oat, and the like are cereals .小麦、燕麦等等皆系谷类。（名词） 2、根据上下文联系以及词在句中的搭配关系来选择和确定词义。He is the last man to come .她是最后来的。 He is the last person for such a job .她最不配干这个工作。 He should be the last man to blame.怎么也不该怪她。 This is the last place where I expected to meet you .我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你。 词义引伸是我们英译汉时常见的技巧之一。翻译时，有时会遇到某些词在英语辞典上找不到适当的词义，如果任意硬套或逐词死
大学英语翻译教学的现状与对策 目前，我国已经在国际的舞台上占据着重要的地位，与其他国家的交流也越来越频繁，能流利的进行英语翻译的人才成为了国家建设的重点人才。大学作为培养人才的主要阵地，培养学生的英语翻译能力成为了大学的主要任务。针对大学英语翻译教学的现状采取相应的措施进行改善成为了大学英语老师的首要责任。有效的英语教学能使学生很好的掌握翻译的技巧，然而，当前我国的大学英语翻译教学还存在着很多的不足之处亟需改进。 标签：大学英语；翻译教学；现状；对策 一、大学英语翻译教学的现状 1.缺乏文化背景的渗透。 英语翻译课程教学的目标是提高学生的翻译能力，让学生在日常的生活中和工作中能更好运用翻译这项技能去解决一些实际的问题。目前，很多大学的英语老师在进行翻译教学的过程中仍然只对翻译的内容进行讲解，没有任何相关文化背景的渗透，这样的教学模式使得学生只是将知识进行简单的语言类型转换，并没有深刻领会翻译材料的内容，这样缺乏背景的翻译无法使学生真正得到翻译能力的提升，反而会使学生在翻译的过程中出现笑话，影响翻译水平的发挥。 2.教学内容缺乏针对性。 翻译课程在大学英语教学中属于比较难的课程，将听说读写这四种能力集合在一起，因此，学生翻译能力的提高必然伴随着这四种能力的提高。但是，很多的大学英语老师为学生设计的翻译教学内容缺乏针对性，在实际的教学中，老师对所有的学生都采用相同的教学内容，并没有根据学生的专业进行专门的教学。另外，所有学生使用的英语教材都是相同的，教学内容都侧重于阅读与听力等，这样的教学模式无法让学生在实际的生活和工作中很好的运用英语翻译的技能。 3.教学模式落后。 传统的教学模式已经无法适应当今的教学发展，教学模式滞后的现象是普遍存在于我国大学英语翻译教学中的一种现象。很多大学英语老师的教学方式都是发给学生一篇翻译的资料，让学生以作业的形式来完成，然后交给老师批改。老师使用的翻译资料也过于陈旧，与当今社会上的一些时事相脱节，甚至有些老师在学生翻译完成后，将答案发给学生让学生自己进行对照改正。 二、改善大学英语翻译教学现状的具体对策 1. 优化课程设置。
英译汉 China has pulled out all the stops to get the 2008 Olympic Games after a heartbre aking loss to Sydney for 2000. State media here have steadily promised a world-beatin g Game at a cost of $20 to $40 billion. Yet such triumphal tones are now giving way t o a more modest depiction of the 2008 enterprise. One former Chinese official, speakin g on terms of anonymity, stated that, “It goes against the Chinese tradition of modest y for us to brag about our games. We need to ensure the quality of materials is high. That's been the problem in our past. It isn't just the c ost. But this plan does cost a lot, and we need to be practical.” Beijing secured the 2008 Olympics after a hard-fought competition with Paris and Toronto. For China, snagging the Olympics was not only a matter of prestige but of int ernational respect. More important, as a Security Council member and a rising power i n Asia, the victory brought confidence that China would now be able to show the worl d its efficient central-planning system and its new technocratic class of savvy organizati onal managers who would put on a world-class games. Still, despite continued hopes for private-sector contributions, the financing side of the games remains largely state-run. The principal partners are state-owned enterprise s: The Bank of China, Air China, and China Netcom. Volkswagen has signed on, howev er, as has General Electric and McDonald''s. Asia''s booming initial-public-offering market is a sure sign that solid economic recov ery is growing deeper roots. The rush to list shares on the region''s stockmarkets signa ls that Asia''s entrepreneurs are back in the game. And it''s not all internet company fe ver, though there''s plenty of that; companies in many industries are lining up to issu e shares. In Hong Kong China, eight companies have listed on the Growth Enterprise Marke t, which opened in late November. The latest to join GEM, China Data Broadcast Holdin gs, rose 310% on its first day of trading on January 24. As in the United States, stoc k valuations sometimes don''t make much sense to traditional-minded investors. But th e stockmarket isn''t about making sense, it''s about making money.
1.意大利著名旅行家马可。波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州：“这是世界上最美妙迷人的城市，它使人觉得自己社在天堂。”在中国，也流传着这样的话：“上有天堂，下有苏杭。”杭州的名气主要在于风景如画的西湖。西湖一年四季都美不胜收，宋代著名诗人苏东坡用“淡妆浓抹总相宜”的诗句来赞誉西湖。在杭州，您可以饱览西湖的秀色，也不妨漫步街头闹市，品尝一下杭州的名菜名点，还可购上几样名特土产。 The famous Italian traveler Marco Pole was so impressed by the beauty of Hangzhou that he described it as “the mist fascinating city in the world where one feels that one is in paradise.” In China, there has been a century-old popular saying praising the city: In Heaven there is Paradise; on Earth there are Suzhou and Hangz hou.” Hangzhou’s fame lies mainly in its picturesque West Lake. As it is beautiful all the year round, the West Lake was compared by Su Dongpo, a celebrated poet of the Song Dynasty, to a beauty “who is always charming in either light or heavy makeup.” In Hangzhou, you will not only find the lake a perfect delight to the eye but also find it a joy to stroll along the busy streets, taste famous Hangzhou dishes and buy some special local products. 2.在设备制造期间，雇主的代表有权对根据合同提供的全部工程设备的材料和工艺进行检查、研究和检验，同时检查其制造进度。这一切应在工作时间内于承包商的工厂里进行。如果工程设备正在其它第三方工厂制造，承包商应为卖方代表获得他能在该工厂进行此类检查、研究和检验的许可。此类检查、研究或检验不应解除承包商在合同中的任何义务。 The Employer’s representative shall be entitled during manufacture to inspect, examine and test the materials and workmanship and check the progress of manufacture of all Plants to be supplied under the Contract. This shall take place on the Contractor’s promises during working hours. If the plant is being manufactured on other premises, the Contractor shall obtain permission for the Employer’s representative to carry out such inspection, examination and testing on those premises. 3. 雇主或项目经理提交给承包商的雇主的图纸，技术规格以及其它资料仍应为雇主的财产。除非是为了合同的需要，未经雇主同意，承包商不得使用、复制这些材料或将之传递给第三方。 承包商应对承包商的图纸中的任何错误或遗漏负责，除非他们可归因与雇主或项目经理提供的不正确的雇主图纸或其它书面资料。项目经理对承包商的图纸的批准不应解除本款规定的承包商的任何责任。 The Employe r’s drawings, specification and other information submitted by the Employer or the Project Manager to the Contractor shall remain the property of the Employer. They shall not, without the consent of the Employer, be used, copied or communicated to a third party by the Contractor unless necessary for the purposes of the Contract. The Contractor shall be responsible for any errors or omissions in the Contractor’s Drawings unless they are due to incorrect Employer’s Drawings or other written information supplied by the Employer or the Project Manager. Approval by the Project Manager of the Contractor’s drawings shall not relieve the Contractor from any responsibility under this Sub-Clause.
互联网环境下高校英语翻译教学实践 目前，互联网逐渐渗透到人们生活的各个层面，互联网技术的不断发展为高校英语翻译教学的改革提供了新的契机。教师在英语翻译教学中可以运用网络资源和相关的网络学习平台，为学生提供更具针对性的学习指导与服务，进而提升英语翻译教学的趣味性，提升学生的学习热情。此外，在互联网环境下，教师还可以为学生营造更加宽松的学习氛围，将线上教学与线下教学有机结合在一起，增加英语翻译教学的灵活性，提升学生的自主学习能力。如何利用互联网时代的有利条件，提高英语翻译教学效率，是当前高校教育教学需要深入思考的问题。 一、互联网环境下高校英语翻译教学中存在的问题 首先，英语翻译教学理念落后。目前，我国许多高校英语翻译教师教学观念陈旧，不符合时代发展的内在需求，英语翻译教学具有较强的实用性特点，因此，必须在教学过程中为学生提供更多实践机会和平台，但在实际教学过程中，许多教师依然将翻译教学局限于课堂讲解，严重忽视了学生的主体地位，采用满堂灌教学模式，导致翻译教学内容枯燥无味，学生逐渐失去学习兴趣。翻译能力的培养离不开大量的实践，一味的强调基础理论知识的讲解和掌握，会导致学生实践能力低下，这显然不符合当前社会对高素质英语翻译人才的要求。其次，教学方法陈旧。丰富多样的教学方法能够增强高校英语翻译教学的活力，提升学生的参与积极性。但目前许多英语翻译教师依旧采用填鸭式教学方法，致使英语翻译教学单一僵化，根本无法激发学生的学习兴趣和热情，单一的讲解和训练根本无法提升学生的自主学习能力和探究能力。调查表明，目前，只有极少部分高校
英语翻译教师在教学过程中采用了合作探究式、微课、翻转课堂等教学模式，大部分教师仍旧未能在翻译教学中发挥互联网的资源优势，这不仅不符合时代的发展需求，也无法充分满足学生的个性化学习要求。 二、互联网环境下高校英语翻译教学策略 1.革新教学模式。在教学设计中，教师应当营造有利的学习氛围，并合理采用自由讨论、头脑风暴等方法激发学生的参与兴趣。具体而言，课前教师应当合理利用手机、平板电脑等移动终端设备，运用微信公众号、微博等自媒体进行渗透，利用互联网资源和技术讲解单元背景知识，营造教学情境，在介绍完背景知识后还要附上一篇难度适中的课前篇章，当然，这篇文章的内容要与单元知识紧密相连。然后将学生划分为若干学习小组，要求学生以小组为单位进行讨论、翻译、PPT制作等，并将讨论过程录制成视频，或组建微信群、QQ群，进行线上讨论。在翻译课堂上各个小组应当用PPT的形式在班级内分享自主学习心得，并派小组代表向翻译的技巧、思路，以及翻译过程中遇到的困难，相关的解决办法，进行详细讲解。小组展示后还要进行班内讨论，通过网络或微信投票的方式评选最佳翻译小组。在完成之一环节之后，教师还要组织学生翻译一篇难度较高的文本，帮助学生巩固所学知识，并及时点评学生的翻译情况，做到针对性指导，并加强师生互动。 2.更新教学理念。在传统高校英语翻译教学中国，教师时常忽视学生的主体地位，这显然不符合翻译教学的规律，不仅不利于激发学生的学习热情和兴趣，还会影响师生互动，不利于营造和谐融洽的翻译课堂氛围。英语翻译教学中涉及到许多较为抽象的知识和技巧，若教师不及时关注学
Purchase Contract CONTRACT NO.: SIGNING DATE: SIGNING PLACE: Buyer: Seller: Tel: Tel: Fax: Fax: Mobile: Mobile: The contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller，whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below. 1. COMMODITY，SPECIFICATION，QUANTITY AND UNIT PRICE： 2. COUNTRY OF ORIGIN AND MANUFACTURE: 3. PACKING: All goods are to be packed in seaworthy export standard packages according to international standards. 4. SHIPPINGMARK: Option by buyer 5. TIME OF SHIPMENT: 6. PORT OF SHIPMENT: PORT OF DESTINATION: 7. TERMS OF PAYMENT: 8. INSURANCE: To be covered by the buyer for 110% of invoice value covering risks with the Buyer as beneficiary.
在线自测题-英译汉 请把下列英语句子翻译成汉语 1.John and his brother differ in personality even if their differences in age are not significant. 2. We are getting ready for our English examination. 3. We must take some measures to control the pollution. 4. You'll find in English some words can be remembered more easily than the others. 5. People use science knowledge to understand and change nature. 6. The doctor told me to have more water. 7. There's a party at my house this Friday. 8. I need to buy some 50-cent stamps. 9. All that glitters is not gold. 10. I can't go with you today because I'm too busy. 11. You and your team can discover the answers to problems together. 12. I'll write to you as soon as I get there. 13. Stay here before I get back. 14. I've been so busy lately，I haven't had time to call anybody. 15. We have made little progress. 16. Transistors are small in size and light in weight. 17. It is certain that we shall produce this kind of engine. 18. Please call me back when you are free. 19.The more money I make, the happier I will be. 20. Ted and William have lived under the same roof for five years. 21. I'm thinking about a visit to Paris. 22. I'm certain he'll go to see the film, because he's bought a ticket. 23.He is thinking about moving to a new place. 24. In Foreign Language Department, a checking machine is used to correct the student’s test pape rs. 25. They sold the old house yesterday. 26. Hi. What can I get for your dinner, sir? 27. Without water, there is no life on the earth. 28.When I was young, I’d listen to the radio, waiting for my favorite songs. 29.I came here at least once a month. 30. She looks lovely when she is happy. 31. He keeps looking at himself in the mirror. 32. I do want to know what really happened. 33. You are clever enough to pass the exam. 34. Once all the information is completed, you sign here. 35. Okay,and I need a pen to fill out the address. 36.It’s always a pleasure to see many friends here in London. 37. The polluted air becomes poisonous and dangerous to health.
大学英语翻译（笔译）课程设置分析-英语论文 大学英语翻译（笔译）课程设置分析 吴海燕 （延边大学，吉林延吉133002） 摘要：全国大学英语等级考试新题型增加段落翻译以来，大学英语教学掀起了翻译教学的热潮。然而，鉴于翻译技能对英语综合基础知识能力的要求，笔者认为，尽管从长远来看，大学英语翻译课程的确是未来大学英语教学改革和发展的需要。但是，从教学目标，教师配置，学时安排等方面考虑和分析，设置大学英语翻译课程不可一蹴而就，而应实事求是，因材施教。 关键词：英语翻译；课程；译文 中图分类号：G642.0 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1674-9324（2015）08-0075-02 一、引言 大学英语四、六级考试是教育部主管的一项全国性的教学考试，其目的是对大学生的实际英语能力进行客观、准确的测量，为大学英语教学提供服务。而实际上，中国长期以来的应试教育，也使得广大高校英语教师同样以全国大学英语考试的测试内容和形式为风向标，对大学英语教学内容，甚至课程设置，进行相应的调整。 从2013年12月考试起，全国大学英语四、六级考试的试卷结构和测试题型进行调整。此次调整将段落翻译取代完型填空，分值占总分的15%，明显加大了对大学生英语综合运用能力的考察力度。翻译部分测试学生把汉语所承载的信息用英语表达出来的能力，内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。
四级长度为140～160个汉字，六级长度为180～200个汉字。翻译评分标准分为6个档次：13～15分、10～12分、7～9分、4～6分、1～3分和0分。各档次的评分标准如下，13～15分：译文准确表达了原文的意思。文字连贯，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。10～12分，译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字较连贯，但有少量语言错误。7～9分：译文勉强表达了原文的意思。文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。4～6分：译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思。连贯性差，有相当多的严重语言错误。1～3分：除个别词语或句子，绝大部分文字没有表达原文意思。0分：未作答，或只有几个孤立的词，或译文与原文毫不相关。 以全国大学英语等级考试为教学改革风向标的大学英语界也因翻译新题型的出现而争相拿出开设大学英语翻译课程的提议。翻译考试作为人才评价的标准将逐步起到引导翻译教学、服务翻译教学的作用。 二、曾经坐冷板凳的大学英语翻译教学 在大学英语教学中，翻译教学之所以一直不像听、说、读、写四项技能那样被提及，主要是因为以下几种原因：首先，翻译作为一门对专业和技能要求较高的课程，不仅要求外语学习者有较扎实的语言基础知识，而且要求外语学习者投入时间和精力去进行大量的翻译实践。翻译课程分翻译理论课程和翻译实践课程。以笔者所在学校外国语学院的英语专业课程设置为例，通常在英语专业大三和大四学年开设翻译理论，而对于有些开设翻译专业的高校来说，学生四年时间都是在学习翻译理论和开展翻译实践的过程中进行的。因此，作为一门开设时间仅两年的公共必修课，大学英语课程开展翻译教学的必要性也是显而易见的。其次，大学英语教学以全国大学英语等级考试为导向。过去的全国大学英语考试题
商务英语的英译汉翻译技巧 在商务英语翻译中，有五大技巧大家需要注意，下面与大家分享商务英语的英译汉翻译技巧，欢迎阅读了解。 增词和减词 在商务英语翻译实践中，词量增减也是很重要的一个翻译技巧。翻译过程中要根据原文上下文的意思、逻辑关系以及语言句法特点和表达习惯，在翻译时有时增加原文字面没有出现但实际内容已包含的词，或者减去原文虽有但译文语言表达用不着的词。 例1：All cash bonus shall be subject to income tax． 译文：所有现金红利，均须缴纳所得税。 解析：根据汉语行文习惯，增加动词。 例2：On condition that you sign this receipt I will pay the money． 译文：你在收据上签字，我就付款。 解析：减词译法可以使译文言简意赅。改变翻译中逐字翻译造成的累赘、拖沓或不符合行文习惯、甚至产生歧义的现象。 分译和合译 分译是指把原来的句子翻译成两个或两个以上的句子，这样可以把意思表达得更清楚一点。合译是指把原文两个或两个以上的句子在译文中用一个单句或复句来表达。 例3：We have forwarded the catalogs and drawings you sent us to some large manufactures and now have affirmative answer from factory in shanghai． 译文：我们已将寄来的目录和图纸转交给几家大厂，现已接到上海一家工厂愿意承办的答复。 例4：We hope this will go smoothly and you are able to conclude
大学英语翻译教学中存在的问题及解决方法 翻译教学一直是大学英语教学中的薄弱环节，存在着思想不重视、教学方法落后和教学设备不完善等问题。改进方法主要是重视翻译教学，增加教学投入，提高教师业务素质，适当将翻译教学及交际法教学相结合，注意不同国家的文化差异等。 标签： 大学英语；翻译教学；存在问题；解决方法 随着全球经济一体化的加强，中国加入WTO和改革开放的不断深入，世界各国的交往活动与日俱增，对外交流的范围也逐渐宽广，社会对各类专业翻译人才的要求越来越高，这无疑给我国大学英语教学带来了新的挑战。目前我国大学英语翻译教学虽然取得了一定的成绩，但也存在许多问题。其中最主要的问题是在日常教学中应当如何将翻译理论与翻译实践很好地结合起来，如何更好地培养学生的翻译素质，如何有效地提高学生的翻译技能。本文主要对我国大学英语翻译教学的现状进行分析，并提出一些解决的方法，以期对提高大学英语翻译教学的质量提供一些帮助。 一、大学英语翻译教学现阶段存在的主要问题 1、翻译教学不受重视 我国大学英语翻译教学在整个大学英语教学中经常被忽略，因此许多学生从未系统地学习过翻译理论和技巧方面的知识，结果导致他们在翻译实践中问题频出，同时也造成了许多的语言障碍。从指导思想上看，大学英语教学大纲更为注重对学生阅读能力的培养，而对学生翻译能力的培养并不重视。从课程设置上看，在整个英语教学中翻译教学也只是一门选修课。 2、教学质量差，教学设备还不完善 目前我国高校所采用的大学英语教材很少提及翻译理论和技巧问题，只是在精读教材每个单元的课后练习中出现一些对单句的翻译。要培养和提高学生的翻译能力，没有系统的翻译教材，没有正确的翻译理论和翻译技巧的指导，学生在翻译练习中就会经常出现不顾文化背景和语言内涵生搬硬套的现象，翻译出来的语言甚至面目全非。再加上许多院校多媒体教学设施不完善，无法满足教学的需要。此外，很多院校师资短缺，从而造成师生比例严重失调，导致很多的课程都变成了大堂课，人数严重超标，在这样的班级上课，直接影响教师的教学效果和学生的学习效果。 3、教师翻译教学水平不高，教学方法落后