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商务英语翻译心得

商务英语翻译心得
商务英语翻译心得

商务英语翻译心得

从开学到现在,商务英语翻译(汉译英)共学习了两大类,一类为产品说明的翻译,包括商业广告、

产品说明书、商名; 一类为企业旅游类,包括企业单位宣传材料、学校简介、旅游宣传材料。现将所学内

容详细进行总结。

I.产品说明类汉译英

1. 商业广告的汉英翻译

1.1商务广告的主要功能有三个:传播商业信息,诱发公众需求;塑造企业形象,提高企业知名度;

展示商情,为公众咨询提供方便。要取得这些功能,作为促销手段的广告首先必须引人注目,即具有

“注意价值”(attention value)和“可读性”(readability)。例如“谁跑到最后,谁笑得最好------He who

改编而来lasts last laughs best(某一轮胎广告)”,该广告是模仿某句谚语“He who laughs last laughs best”

的,读起来朗朗上口又颇具意味,达到了上述的注意价值和可读性;其次,必须具有“说服力”(persuasive power)或“推销能力”(selling power),能使人产生购买所促销售产品的欲望。例如“美酒酿出世界

该翻译运用you这个单词,使酒与消费者很好的的爱------Good liquor helps you to get love everywhere” 

融为一体,达到了推销的作用。

1.2 商务广告的翻译要符合以下几点要求:鲜明突出,简明通俗,新颖别致以及生动形象。

例一:日本航空:舒适与温馨撒满世界

A world of comfort.(Japan Airlines)

例二:我们肆无忌惮的知道如何卖鸡蛋

We know Eggsactly how to sell Eggs

例三: 你会像阳光一样明媚。(阳光衬衫广告)

You will be as charming as the Sunshine(一语双关,生动形象)

2.产品说明书的汉英翻译

2.1 产品说明书简介

内容包括1)产品的一般特产品说明书通常翻译做“Instruction Manual 或Operation Manual”.

性:安装,使用,维修。2)产品的具体特征:注意事项,基本原理,结构,安装调整步骤,使用,维

修,故障/疑难排除,备件单。

2.2 产品说明书的语言及文体特点

2.2.1 语言特点

1)广泛使用一般现在时和主动语态;多使用祈使句以实现说服功能

例:药片溶解后,溶液应置于阴凉避光处保存。

Store away from light in a cool place after dissolving a tablet.

2)多使用省略句省去不必要的词;

例:本品配方温和,膏体轻盈,含防止过敏成份,不会令皮肤干燥。

This product is extremely gentle, the lightweight formula contains anti-irritants and will not over-dry the skin.

红色的字是要注意的地方,并不一定要逐字翻译,例如这个句子就将“配方温和”和“膏体轻盈”结合在

一起翻译了,“extremely gentle”,“lightweight formula”。“令皮肤干燥”我们一般可能会翻译成“make our skin dry”,就不如“over-dry”来的简练。

3)常使用动词的非谓语形式以简化表达;

例:请确认存储器剩余的容量及要下载的文件大小

Make sure the remaining capacity of MP3 and the size of file(to be downloaded )非谓语动词词组

4)大量使用情态动词,用于说明事物的特征、状态等;使用专业术语已实现表达的技术性和

准确性。

例:troubleshooting

您可以在控制台中变更像卡的刷新速率

You can change the refresh rate in the control panel for the video card.

2.2.2 文体特点

简洁性,技术性,规范性和说服性

例:注意事项Caution(整篇言简意赅,体现了简洁与规范)

1.本产品启用前,必须复核电源线路容量,方可使用。

Re-check (专业术语,体现技术性)the capacity of the power circuit before use.

复核:re-check /reexamine

切勿将插座、插头浸水或溅湿,防止漏电,严禁将壶体浸入水中。

Do not(说服性,利用祈使句)leave the socket or the plug wet or damp in case of leakage; never submerge the kettle in water.

严禁少水或无水使用,以免损坏电热管。

Never use the kettle with little or no water in it, or the electric heater may be damaged.

水沸时注意外溢,防止漏电。

Be attention to the overflow of water, in case of leakage.

3.商名的汉英翻译

3.1 商名的种类

商名是指商标(trademark)、商品(commodity)和商业组织(business entity)或商号(trade name)等的名称。

3.2 商名的语言要求、语言艺术手法和语言特点

1)美好的寓意;

例:“白象”牌电池

“White Elephant” Battery

是大而无用之物,累赘之意,而在中国白象寓意吉祥,健壮,在英语中的“White Elephant” 

所以,翻译时一定要找对寓意。

2)新颖独特;简洁明了

例:“美加净”(牙膏)--------Maxam

3.3 商名汉英翻译中的常用方法

1)音译法

音译法是商标翻译中常见的翻译方法,根据商标原文的发音特点,直接选用译入语中发音与之相同或相近的文字来将其描述出来。例如:回力牌运动鞋-----Warrior, 乐凯胶卷-----Lucky.

音译法简单易行,既可保留原文的音韵之美,又可表明商标的异国情调,引起吸引消费者注意

的作用。

2)意译法

意译法是根据商标原文的含义,直接选用目的语中与之相对应的词语表达出来的翻译方法。

例如:熊猫(电子产品)-----Panda, 骆驼(香烟)-----Camel

3)音译双关

音译双关指把与原文相近的谐音变成有意义的译名,激发读者作出有益联想,收到理想的翻译效果。例如:飘柔-------Rejoice, 雅戈尔(服装)-----Younger, 昂立1号(口服液)-----Only One

II. 企业旅游类汉英翻译

1.企业单位宣传材料的汉英翻译

1.1企业单位宣传材料的特点

企业单位宣传材料属于呼唤型文本。其目的在于对外树立企业形象,引起国外投资商、厂家

和销售商的投资或合作兴趣,并使其作出积极反应;同时,提供一些实质性的信息,让他们

直接有效的了解企业。因此,为了实现预期功能,要结合英语文化读者的思维方式和价值观

念去翻译,即以语篇为中心,采用增删和改译等策略。

1.2语篇重构

1)形式上的语篇重构

英语文化是外倾性的文化,所以采用第二人称视角。该文翻译常采用开门见山、直奔主

题的演绎推理方法,即先点明主题,再进行具体描述,从而实现译文预期功能

2)内容上的语篇重构

译者在保证实现译文预期功能的前提下,可以对原文进行语篇重构,即对原文进行增删和改译,大致语篇结构的重组,小至词语或句子的增删和改译。

例: 我司经营的品种中有举世闻名的贝雕工艺品;色彩艳丽、种类繁多的人造花卉;令人爱不释手的小工艺品;体态生动活泼的各式玩具;款式新颖、穿着舒适的各种工艺鞋;稀有名贵

的钻石珠宝;技艺精湛、巧夺天工的玉石雕刻;格调高雅的抽纱工艺品与50余类商品。

Our famous products include carvings, a variety of colorful artificial flowers, small arts and crafts articles, lively toys, fashionable and comfortable shoes, r are jewelry, meticulous jade

carvings and sophisticated embroideries.

本例中,开头“我们公司”便使用了形式上的语篇重构,采用第二人称,并将产品product 放在开头,然后逐一介绍。接下来,文中大量采用四字成语,符合汉语的表达方式,但是文中

黑体字为重复累赘的词语,所以在翻译时可以逐一删减,采用概括性的词语代替。如“色彩艳

丽”中“色彩”一词不用翻译,用colorful即可代替其想要表达的意思,并且意思生动形象,

吸引人眼球。

2. 学校简介的汉英翻译

2.1 学校简介特点

学校简介属于事业单位宣传广告的一种。旨在吸引学生报考,弘扬学校的名声。此类属于息型和诱导型功能的文本,因此语言平实,文体的正式程度较高。除了对学校景物的描写可采用符合英语地道表达的简化式或者结构性调整的翻译方式之外,多数情况下要采用忠实于原文的直译方法进行翻译。

2.2 学校简介景物翻译

中文中,学校的景物描写多采用华丽的辞藻,四字词语,翻译成英文时不免有些啰嗦和冗杂,因此可以将其删减或修改已达到吸引注意的效果。

例:中山大学三个校区分别坐落在珠江之畔、南海之滨,总面积达 5.05平方公里。广州南校区树木葱茏,绿草如茵;广州北校区林路漫漫,曲径通幽;珠海校区依山面海,景色宜人,均是不可多得的读书治学的圣境。

Zhongshan University has three campuses which cover a total area of 5.05 square kilometers.

Guangzhou South Campus and Guangzhou North Campus are located south and north of the Pearl

River, while Zhuhai Campus lies to the west of the South China Sea. All three are beautiful campuses

with avenues of green tress and patches of lush grass, providing pleasant environment for study

and research.

上述译文将描述美丽的词语简化翻译来强调环境的幽美,既突出重点,也符合介绍的特点。

2.3 学校简介背景翻译

翻译学校的具体情况时,应按照原文翻译,忠实于原文,并且讲究译文的逻辑,将可以合并

的句子合并,达到简洁、通俗易懂的效果。同时,学校的名字、专业设置以及校训等应按照规定

精确翻译。

例:南京师范大学是一所综合型的、国家211工程重点建设大学。学校占地面积200多

万平方米,拥有仙林、随园、紫金三个校区,随园校区为全国重点文物保护单位,有着“东

方最美丽的校园”之美誉。可追溯到成立于1902年的三江学堂,后来更名为南京师范大学。

作为一所百年名校,名家大师辈出,文化底蕴深厚。学校设有二级学院25个、独立学院2

个,学科涉及哲、经、法、教、文、史、理、工、农、医、管、艺等门类。学校共有在职教

职工3260人,在校普通本科生16406人,博士研究生1065人,硕士研究生9004人,成人

高等学历教育在籍生5141人。学校秉承“正德厚生笃学敏行”的校训,致力于培养高素质、

复合型、多能力的人才。环境优美、教学设施先进,已发展成为综合实力位居全国高校前列

的一流大学。

, Nanjing Normal University

Founded in 1902 with the former name “ Sanjiang Academy”

is a comprehensive, 211 University(the Chinese government’s endeavor aimed at strengthening

about 100 institutions of higher education and key disciplinary areas as a national priority for the

21st century)with a total area of more than 200 square meter consisting of three campuses,

Xianlin, Zijin and Suiyuan which is the national key protection units with the name “the most

beautiful campus in East”. As a century elite, it is full of famous masters and rich cultural heritage.

Nanjing Normal University has 25 secondary school and 2 independent school which consist of

disciplines about philosophy, economy, law, education, literature, history, science, engineering,

agricultural, medical, management, art and so on.It also possesses3260 service staff, 16406

undergraduates, 1065 ph.D , graduate and 5141 adult education students in membership. Nanjing

Normal University strives to cultivate high-quality, inter-disciplinary and all-round talent with

school motto “built good manner and benefit the people, diligent in study and act positive”

as well as become the nationally top University in comprehensive strength with beautiful

environment and advanced teaching equipment.

上文翻译中,开头使用非谓语做修饰定语,将以前的背景描述出来,简洁易懂,后边211

因是中国特色的东西,所以应加以解释;之后用with短语将学校的总面积介绍出来,简洁

不罗嗦。之后介绍学校的院系情况,我采用主动语态,运用has, possesses等单词,再现原

文信息;最后一句话,我将“校训”和“致力于培养人才”顺序颠倒,再用with短语链接,

使逻辑更加紧凑,突出重点;关于校训的翻译,我采用两个字为一组进行翻译,直接根据意

思翻译,更能使读者理解校训的意思。

3.旅游宣传材料的汉英翻译

旅游宣传材料具有两个功能,一是信息功能,二是呼唤功能。即既要详尽的提供所涉及的某个旅

游景点的人文景观和自然景观等方面的各种信息,又要诱导游客去游览所介绍景点的强烈愿望。

3.1 汉语旅游宣传材料的英译技巧

1)适当的增益(amplification)。必要时添加解释性翻译。

例:林子的边上原来有个洞,传说白娘子曾经在这里修炼

Near the forest, there once was a cave, which was said to be the very place where Lady White , the legendary heroine of The Story of the White Snake, cultivated herself according to Buddhist doctrine.

2) 适当的省译(omission)

中国人在描写景点时,喜欢用冗杂的词语和诗句来加以修饰,如有必要,翻译是可以删减。

例:满树金花、芳香四溢的金桂;花白如雪的银桂;红里透黄、花多味浓的紫砂桂;花色似银、

季季有花的四季桂;竞相开放、争艳媲美;进入桂林公园,阵阵桂香扑鼻而来。

The Park of Sweet Osmanthus is noted for its abundance of osmanthus trees. Flowers from these trees, in different colors are in full bloom, which infuse the whole garden with the fragrance of their blossoms.

3)适当的改写

3.2 汉语专有名词的英译

1)单音节专有名词+单音节普通名词

太湖----Taihu Lake 恒山-----the hengshan Mountain 长江----- the Changjiang River

2) 双音节专有名词+单音节普通名词

嘉陵江----Jialing River 永定河----Yongding River

3) 通用专名化的英译法

都江堰市----Dujiangyan City武夷山自然保护区----Wuyishan Nature Reserve

4) 通名为同一个汉字,却又多种英译法

峨眉山----Mount Emei 东海----the East China Sea

5) 专有名词的翻译与约定俗成

孙中山----Sun Yatsen 清华大学-----Tsinghua University

商务英语初级笔译试题

全国商务英语翻译统一考试 初级笔译试题 注意事项 1. 请首先按要求在试题卷和答题卷的标封处填写姓名、准考证号等; 2. 请仔细阅读题目要求进行答题,答案写在答题卷上; 3. 请保持卷面整洁,不要在标封区填写无关内容; 4. 答题时间为150分钟。 Part I Translate the following sentences into English or into Chinese. 1.早在1910年,通用电器就开始与中国发展贸易,被认为是最活跃和最有影响力的在华外国企业之一。 2.近年来,中泰两国国民经济发展迅速,为两国的经济、贸易合作提供了良好的基础。 3.本合同用中、英两种文字写成,每种文字正本两份。两种文本具有同等效力,签字后双方各执中、英文本一份为凭。 4.布朗先生曾经能吃能睡,但现在由于作为领导责任重大而变得吃不下睡不好。 5.由于我们也要支付我们供货商的货款,因此您的还款期限不能再延长了。 6.Do not ask questions that respondents feel are rude or embarrassing. If such questions are necessary, people should be offered the chance to say that they prefer not to answer. What constitutes an invasive question will vary from culture to culture. 7. He knew this guy was a smart political worker. But he was hard to control. In fact, he was a loose cannon who might do more damage to his side than the man he was running against. 8. As a region with the largest number of developed countries, the EU boasts abundant capital and advanced technology. Therefore, both the EU countries and China enjoy a high degree of complementarities in economic, trade, scientific and technological fields. 9. I had the honour of attending the opening ceremony of the Beijing Y outh Palace earlier this week and was proud to see that Compaq was making such a large contribution to China’s youth. 10. Though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we cite the incredible slaughter of men, women and children on the roads. Man versus the motor car! PartⅡTranslate the following passages into Chinese. Passage 1 On behalf of the U.S. Department of Commerce and the Association for Manufacturing Technology, I would extend my greetings to the seventh China International Machine Tool Show (CIM T—2010), and welcome the visitors to the U.S. Pavilion. We are proud of our U.S. Pavilion, where 170 U.S. exhibitors are displaying the latest world class machine tool technology and related manufacturing services. The technology and services demonstrated here are the primary building blocks for industrialization in every nation of the

商务英语翻译汇总

1 你什么时候要货呢?When do you want the goods? 2 货送到哪里去?Where shall we deliver the goods? 3 有没有送货地点的名片?Do you have card of delivery address. 4 你拿多点数量可以便宜点。We can lower the price, if you take more. 5 这个很便宜了,我都算批发价价格给你了。This is cheap, it is whole sale price. 6 先生(女士),等一下,我看最低能多少钱给你。 Wait a minute, Sir/ Madam, 7 这种款式没货了,这种质量和那种是一样的,价格也一样。 This style is out of stock. This one and that one are the same quality, same price. 8 还需要点别的什么东西吗?Do you want any others? 9 要好点的还是便宜的?Want goods products or cheap one? 10 你要多少米的?How long do you want? 11 算了,给你了。下次多点来关顾。OK, hope you can come again next time. 12 等一下,他去仓库拿货给你看。 Wait a minute. He is going to the warehouse to take the goods. 13 保修一年one year warranty 14 一年内是质量问题可以拿回来换。 If there is quality problem, take it back, we replace it. 15 我怎么联系你呢?How can I contact with you? 16 这个数量太少了。能不能订多点呢? Your order is too small, can you order more? 17 我有便宜点的。I have cheaper one. 18 这个一扎是50米。50 meters, a bundle 19 你要多大的?小一点的就便宜点。 What size do you want? The smaller, the cheaper. 20 拿这种就便宜点,一样大小的,牌子不同。 This one is cheaper, the same size, different brand. 21 这种款式要多少个?How many do you want of this style? 22 等一下,我上二楼拿给你。Wait a minute. I am going upstairs to take it. 23 不行,这个价格我们要亏本的。Sorry, for this price, we will lose money. 24 你还要多点吗?Do you want some more? 25 我们的仓库不远,很快就到了。Our warehouse is not far, we will arrive soon. 26 这么慢,来了没有?再不来我就走了。----很快就来了,再等三分钟。 We have been staying here for a long time. When will he come? If no, we will go. Wait more 3 minutes. 1 请问要多少卷?How many rolls do you want? 2 你的货是自己带走,还是要送? You want us to deliver goods or take by yourself? 3 是货到付款,还是现在支付? Cash on delivery (COD), or on-site payment 4 如果要送货,运费由你出。 You should pay for the cost of delivery if you want. 5 你想要买什么电器?What electronic equipment do you want to buy? 6 这个款式很畅销。This style sells very well.

全国商务英语翻译统一考试_4

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