全国翻译专业资格水平考试英语笔译三级考试内
容
一、总论
全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试英语笔译三级考试设笔译综合能力测试和笔译实务测试。
(一)考试目的
检验应试者的笔译实践能力是否达到准专业译员水平。
(二)考试基本要求
掌握英语语法和表达习惯。
有较好的双语表达能力。
能够翻译一般难度文章，基本把握文章主旨，译文基本忠实原文的事实和细节。
初步了解中国和英语国家的.文化背景知识。
二、笔译综合能力
(一)考试目的
检验应试者对英语词汇、语法的掌握程度，以及阅读理解、推理与释义的能力。
(二)考试基本要求
掌握本大纲要求的英语词汇。
掌握并能够正确运用双语语法。
具备对常用文体英语文章的阅读理解能力。
三、笔译实务
(一)考试目的
检验应试者双语互译的基本技巧和能力。
(二)考试基本要求
能够运用一般翻译策略和技巧，进行双语互译。
译文忠实原文、无明显错译、漏译。
译文通顺、用词正确。
译文无明显语法错误。
英译汉速度每小时约300-400个英语单词;汉译英速度每小时约200-300个汉字。
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2020年英语翻译资格考试高级口译模拟试题(1) Mass urbanization of the world’s population is an unprecedented trend worldwide. The most important reason why people are moving to cities is economic. People are moving to the cities because that’s where they can find jobs and earn money. Until the 20th century, the major source of employment, full and part-time, was farming. Now, according to recent statistics, no more than 15 percent of all jobs are connected to farming. Jobs now are being created in information technology, manufacturing and service areas, such as tourism and financing, and all of these new jobs are in or around major cities. 译文：世界人口大规模的城市化在世界范围内达到史无前例的规模。驱使人们持续涌向城市的最重要原因是经济因素。人们都涌向城 市是因为在城里能够找到工作和挣钱。在20世纪以前，就业的主要途径，不管是全职还是兼职，一直都是农耕。而现在，根据最近的统计 数据，只有不到15%的工作是和农业相关的。越来越多的工作产生于信息技术产业、制造业和服务行业，如旅游业和融资，而所有这些新兴 工作都在大城市及其周边地区。 评析：本题是高口热点话题“城市化”，在07年9月的高口NTGF 部分也涉及到过城市化的问题，前一题的句子翻译S2也提到了“人们 搬进大城市的原因，是追求高品质的生活”，而这里主要围绕工作展开。考查词汇都在大纲范围内，像urbanization, manufacturing等 都属于常见热词，考生在平时对这些词汇有所积累，翻译起来并不难。相对passage 2, 这段话稍微有点长，这也提醒考生注意平时多练习听写记笔记，熟悉常考话题，这样在考试时才能拿高分。
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 科技英语教学大纲 《科技英语》课程教学大纲课程编码：课程名称：学时：0110089 科技英语 36 选修机械设计制造及其自动化 7 英文名称：学分： English for science and technology 2 专业课基础英语、专业英语机电工程学院课程类型：适用专业：开课学期：课程性质：先修课程：开课院系：一、课程地位、目的和任务科技英语课程是在大学英语学习的基础上帮助学生完成从大学基础英语阅读阶段到专业英语阅读阶段的过渡。 科技英语具有丰富的词汇、独特的语法结构和专业上通用的表达方式，学习科技英语是对大学基础英语的补充和提高，也是学生开阔视野、直接了解世界范围内专业前沿知识和技术发展现状的必要途径。 通过本门课程的学习，了解科技英语的表达方式、方法在英语中的具体体现，为高年级阅读专业英语文献和英文原著打下良好基础。 同时，学生可以进一步提高阅读理解和综合分析能力(如记笔记、信息转换等)；习惯于阅读真实的语言素材；扩大科技词汇量，开阔科普视野和思路；进一步了解如何书写正式的英文书信、项目规划书，学会如何利用图表、表格等视觉信息，熟悉科技文体的写作规范；操练以不同语言结构、以语言功能为中心的写作练习和翻译练习；掌握《大学英语专业阅读阶段教学基本要求》所规定的学习技能、语言功能和基本词汇。 1/ 9
科技英语的教学任务是讲授科技英语的语法特点、文体结构以及科技英语文献的翻译方法和技巧，培养学生阅读英语科技资料的能力，使其能以英语为工具获取有关专业所需要的信息。 二、本课程与其它课程的联系科技英语是在基础英语和专业英语的基础上开设的一门专业基础课，是基础英语和专业英语的延伸和拓展。 阅读单元的课文内容涉及到科技发展的最新领域，包括环境、化学、生物和新材料等方面的最新发展。 三、课程教学内容及要求
大学英语翻译课堂教学存在的问题以及对策 【摘要】自翻译成为一门独立的学科以来，翻译教学的重要性越来越受到重视。但在大学英语翻译课堂中仍然存在一些问题，导致翻译教学效果不佳，学生的翻译水平有限。本文探讨了大学英语翻译教学的现状和存在的问题，以及如何采取必要措施，切实提高学生的翻译能力，为社会、市场输出更多符合需求的翻译人才。 【关键词】大学英语翻译教学问题 1.大学英语翻译教学的现状及存在问题 随着经济的全球化以及对外交流的进一步扩大，翻译能力的重要性得到进一步的凸显。而翻译成为一个正式的学科，也极大地推动了翻译教学的发展。根据国家教委颁发的《大学英语教学大纲》，对学生英语翻译能力的要求指能借助词典，将难度略低于课文的英语短文翻译成汉语，能达到基本的翻译要求，译速为每小时300个英语单词。但目前的翻译教学还存在很多问题，使达到这个目标有一定困难，亟待解决。 1.1教师定位不准确，与学生的互动和交流有待加强 翻译是一门注重实践的学科，学生需要大量的练习才能磨练出翻译水平，而在练习的过程中，翻译的技巧起着指导
性的作用。因此，教师在翻译课堂上更像是一个指路人，而并不是掌控课堂所有话语权的主导者。教师给予翻译技巧、翻译案例、应对方法，同时给学生的翻译实践做出反馈。而如果教师不给予学生一定的主动性，和学生的互动不够的话，势必会背离翻译教学的目标。 1.2 过分依赖多媒体技术 多媒体教学由教师、学生、教学内容与多媒体构成，其本质于传统课堂相同，只是加入了多媒体的手段。多媒体教学拥有很多传统的课堂教学模式没有的优势，但是这并不代表教师要完全摒弃传统的教学模式。然而，在实际操作过程中，很多教师过分依赖多媒体技术，却忽略了传统的教学模式的使用，结果不但没有提升教学质量，反而降低教学质量。在传统的教学环境下，教师撰写教案，在课堂上以板书的形式为学生讲解教学重点以及难点。多媒体环境下，教师为了节省板书的时间，采用PPT课件的形式进行教学。但如果完全依赖于教学课件，整节课堂不进行任何板书或只有少量板书，一味借助PPT进行讲解，教学效果便会大打折扣。更有甚者，一旦停电或者多媒体设备出现故障，便无法正常完成教学内容的讲解。 1.3只注重理论教育，忽略实践能力的培养 在全球化的背景下，社会需要的是既具有一定的理论基础，又具有一定的实践能力的综合性人才。但在目前的英语
BASIC 语言BASIC Language BASIC 语言及应用BASIC Language & Application C 语言C Language C++程序设计C++ Program Designing CAD 概论Introduction to CAD CAD/CAM CAD/CAM CET-4 College English Test (Band 4) CET-6 College English Test (Band 6) C与UNIX环境C Language & Unix Environment C语言科学计算方法Scientific Computation Method in C C语言与生物医学信息处理C Language & Biomedical Information Processing dBASE Ⅲ课程设计Course Exercise in dBASE Ⅲ Programming Languages Internet与Intranet技术Internet and Intranet Technology PC机原理Principle of PC Unix编程环境Unix Programming Environment Unix操作系统分析Analysis of Unix System Windows系统Windows Operation System 办公自动化Office Automatization 办公自动化系统毕业设计Office Automatization Thesis 办公自动化系统设计Office Automatization Design 编译方法Compilation Method 编译方法Methods of Compiling 编译技术Technique of Compiling 编译原理Fundamentals of Compiling, Principles of Compiler 编译原理课程设计Course Design of Compiling 操作系统Disk Operating System (DOS) 操作系统课程设计Course Design in Disk Operating System 操作系统与编译原理Disk Operating System & Fundamentals of Compiling 操作系统原理Fundamentals of Disk Operating System, Principles of Operating System 常微分方程Ordinary Differential Equations 程序设计Program Designing 程序设计方法学Methodology of Programming, Methods of Programming 程序设计及算法语言Program Designing & Algorithmic Language 程序设计语言Programming Language
2020年英语翻译资格考试中级笔译模拟试题（一） 1 The explanation given by the manager yesterday was not at all _____ to us. A. satisfy B. satisfied C. satisfactory D. satisfying 2 Part of the funds will be used to ____ that old blbrary to its original splendor. A. rest B. recover C. replace D. restore 3 This silk has gone right _____ and we have not sold a single piece of it for weeks. A. out of fad B. out of pattern C. out of custom D. out of fashion 4 The new Personal Digital Assistance contained a large ___ of information about an individual life. A. deal B. amount C. number D. account 5 Primitive superstitions that feed racism should be _____ through education. A. ignored B. exalted C. eradicated D. canceled 6. _____ pollution control measures are expensive, many local governments hesitate to adopt them. A. Although B. However C. Because D. Moreover
英语翻译课程学习方法 一、传统教材与新教材的关系从今年始，英汉互译的自学考试将由全国高等教育自学考试 指导委员会统一组织实施和管理。这对统一全国考生的要求，提高翻译实践能力和水平都是件好事。目前，相关的统编教材，由庄绎传所编写的《英汉翻译教程》已出版发行。这本教材采用了与传统教材不一样的编写思路。不再是以词、句为单位进行翻译方法，如直译、意译等方法及词类转换，增词、减词之类的技巧进行学习，而是直接进入篇章，以各种文体的篇章为单位进行练习。这是一种创新，是有助于提高考生实际翻译能力的。因为我们在翻译实践中很少情况只是译词或译句，而是篇章的翻译。所以，这将更接近于我们的工作实际了。但这也会为初学翻译的学生带来一些不利条件，那就是对翻译的基本方法与技巧缺乏认识。所以在新教材的第404 页“有关说明与实施要求”中提到参考书，明确指出由张培基等人编写的《英汉翻译教程》（上海外语教育出版社）一书，以及吕瑞昌等人编写的《汉英翻译教程》(陕西人民出版社）一书仍是重要的参考书，我认为作为初学翻译的同志这两本书是一定要看一看的。当然这两本教材也有其明显的不足，即仅以词、句为单位探讨翻译，而没有进入篇章的层次。我们如果把两种教材结合起来，以老教材为辅，以新教材为主，会有较好的成效。 二、篇章翻译的几个问题首先，凡是一个篇章，就会遇到文体的问题，就是我们必须明确 我们所要译的文章是文学作品还是科学、法律方面的文章，是一篇简介性的文字还是一篇讲演词。因为不同文体的文章在表现形式上是很不一样的，如法律文体有一些法律常用词语，科技也会各自有一些专门术语，应用文有时有严格的格式要求，文学则更为复杂，因为其中对话，描述，心理描写，景物或人物描写又各有不同。议论文句式严谨，语言正式，长句较多，等等，这在遣词用句上都有差异。这本教材在P395页“课程内容与考核目标” 都有粗略的说明。请学员认真看一下，并可结合其他有关参考书丰富其内容，以便有更好的掌握。 其次是语域问题。 所谓“语域”（register）是指具有某种具体用途的语言变体，我们可以从交际领域、交际方式和交际关系把语言分成不同的语域，如从交际双方的社会地位和社会关系来说，英语可以分为冷漠体，正式体，商量体，随便体，亲密体等五种，如果从交际领域来分又可以分成正式体，半正式体，公共核心体，半非正式体，非正式体等。不同的语域语言变体彼此是有区别的，如果用几个简单的例子来说明一下就会看得很清楚。如“汤姆病了，今天没去上学”，如果说Tom didn't go to school ，because he was ill. 这就是一句公共核心语，而如果说Tom was ill ，so he didn't go to school.这就是口语体，即非正式语体，如果说：Being ill ，T om didn't go to school 或Tom didn't go to school because of illness. 都是正式语体（当然这句话的内容用这种句式表达并不合适）。从中我们可以看到用原因从句的表达方式是比较正常的，用so连接的句子显得不怎么正式，用抽象名词和分词短语的形式都显得十分正式。另外有些表示相同意思的不同表示形式也有语域方面的区别。如according to和in accordance with，前者为公共核心语，而后者为正式用语，It is important 和It is of importance相比，也是前者为公共核心语，而后者为正式体。甚至连冠词的用法都可以表示这种区别，The horse is a useful animal；A horse is a useful aninal；Horses are useful animals.第一种用定冠词加单数名词表示类属的是正式用法，而用不定冠词加单数名词表示类属的则为公共核心语，最后一种，复数泛指的类属表示法则为非正式语体。 所以，我们在接触一个篇章时，弄清它的语域情况是十分重要的。因为这将决定我们在翻译时如何选词组句，例如，我们看到下面一个句子：After an hour of climbing，we finally found ourselue's at zhurong Peak，the very apex of Mt ，Hengshan，towering 1，296m
英语翻译资格考试三级笔译真题 为大家整理了2012下半年英语翻译资格考试三级笔译真题，仅供参考！！ 英译汉： 已经按照考试的文章修改过原文了 For more than 30 years, I have been wondering about L.R. Generson. On one of our first Christmases together, my husband gave me a complete set of Dickens. There were 20 volumes, bound in gray cloth with black corners, old but in good condition. Stamped on the flyleaf of each volume, in faded block letters, was the name of the previous owner: L.R. Generson, M.D.,Bronx, NY. That Dickens set is one of the best presents anyone has ever given me. A couple of the books are still brand-new, but others - Bleak House, David Copperfield, and especially Great Expectations - have been read and re-read almost to pieces. Over the years, they have kept me company. And so, in his silent mysterious way, has L.R. Generson. Did he love the books as much as I do? Who was he? On a whim, I Googled him. There wasn’t much - a single mention on a veterans’website of a World War II named Leonard Generson. But I did find a Dr. Richard Generson, an oral surgeon living in New Jersey. Since Generson is not a common name, I decided to write to him. Dr. Generson was kind enough to write back. He told me that his father, Leonard Richard Generson, was born in 1909. He lived in New York City but went to medical school in Basel, Switzerland. He spoke 10 languages fluently. As anobstetrician and gynecologist, he opened a practice in the Bronx shortly before World War II. His son described him as “an extremely patriotic individual”; right after Pearl Harbor he closed
西南交通大学希望学院 课程教案 课程名称：科技英语口译 课程类型：专业课课程性质：限选课 学时：32学时 教材及参考书： 《科技英语口译》上海外语教育出版社《科技英语翻译》外语教学与研究出版社《英语口译综合教程》外文出版社 《英语口译实务》外文出版社 《朗文当代英语词典》外语教学与研究出版社上课时间：2015 -2016 学年第 2 学期 上课班级：2013级英语专业1班
教师：王小芳所属系：外语系西南交通大学希望学院教务处制 2016 年2 月17日
科技英语口译课程教案（首页） 单元标题UNIT 1: Food Safety 单元学时 6 教学目标 By the end of the unit, students are expected to 1.Be familiar with the background information about food safety; 2.Master new words and expressions about food safety; 3.Try to use the interpretation skill: Speech Flow; 4.Being capable of doing interpretation practice about food safety 教学重点 Background information about food safety New words and phrases about food safety 教学难点 the interpretation skill: Speech Flow 教学方式方法 Audio-lingual approach Task-based approach 教学手段 PPT, Video clips, Q&A, Practice
1 Repetition 重译/重复法 Let’s revise our safety and sanitary regulations. 我们来修改安全规则和卫生规则吧。 2 Amplification 增译法 To the east and the south a faint pink is spreading. 东南方呈现一抹浅红，正在向远处扩展。 3 Omission 减译法 For generations, coal and oil have been regarded as the chief energy source to transport man from place to place. 几十年来，煤和石油一直被认为是交通运输的主要能源。 4 Conversion 词类转换法 The volume of trade has increased tremendously to the advantage of both countries. 贸易的剧增给两国带来了益处。 5 Inversion 词序调整法 There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met. 我们访问了一些地方，遇到了不少人，要谈起来，奇妙的事可多着呢。 6 vision and combination分译法、合译法 Daybreak comes with thick mist and drizzle. 黎明时分，大雾弥漫，细雨蒙蒙。
She is intelligent, ambitious and hard-working. She is also good at solving problems. 她很有才智、雄心勃勃、工作努力，还善于解决问题。（两句合一） 7 Negation 正说反译，反说正译法 Self-service bookstand 无人售书处 The change of the voices 语态变换法 The existence of oil wells has been known for a long time. 人们很早就知道油井的存在。 8 Annotation加注法 I’m Peter Darwin. Everyo ne asks, so I may as well say at once that no, I’m not related to Charles. 我叫彼得?达尔文。谁都会对我的名字产生怀疑，我不妨当下说个明白：我与进化论创始人查尔斯没有关系。 9 Paraphrase 释义法 He was smooth and agreeable. 他待人处事八面玲珑。 10 Adaptation/ domestication归化 He thought of Mildred’s small heart-shaped face, and how it lit up when she laughed. 他想起米尔德里德那张小巧的瓜子脸，一笑总是满面春风。
《英汉汉英商务翻译》 （考试时间120分钟 满分100分） 注意事项 1、考生应严格遵守考场规则，得到监考人员指令后方可答题。 2、考生拿到试卷后应首先填写好各项要求内容。 3、用蓝、黑色圆珠笔或钢笔把答案写在要求位置上。 4、将身份证、学生证放在桌子的右上角，两证必需齐全。 5、考试结束将试卷放在桌上，不得带走。待监考人员收毕清点后，方可离场。 一、 Translate the following 10 sentences into Chinese. (2 points for each sentence) 1.The facts have shown the objectivity and correctness of the report. 2.Things of a kind come together, people of a mind fall into the same group. 3. Chinese trade delegations have been sent to African countries, Who will negotiate trade agreements with the respective Governments. 4. Canada has long subscribed to the view that no state should use its territory or allow it to be used in such a way as to injure the environment of another state or of the “international commons.” 5 International trade transactions refer to the exportation of goods or services from one country to another, which is the importing country. 6. If,after 30 days from the commencement of such informal consulta- tions, the parties fail to resolve amicably a contract dispute, either party hereto may require that the dispute be submitted to
2．课堂部分教学内容： The most civilized of all these nations are they who inhabit Kent, which is entirely a maritime district, nor do they differ much from the Gallic customs. Most of the inland inhabitants do not sow corn, but live on milk and flesh, and are clad with skins. All the Britains, indeed, dye themselves with wood, which occasions a bluish color, and thereby have a more terrible appearance in fight. They wear their hair long, and have every part of their body shaved except their head and upper lip. Ten and even twelve have wives common to them, and particularly brothers among brothers, and parents among their children; but if there be any issue by these wives, they are reputed to be the children of those by whom respectively each was first espoused when a virgin. 全不列颠中，最开化的居民是住在肯几姆地区的，这是一片完全滨海的地区。他们的习俗与高卢人没有多大差别。至于住在内陆地带的人，则大多数都不种田，只靠乳和肉生活，用毛皮当做衣服。所有不列颠人都用薄兰染身，使人看来带有天蓝颜色，因此在战斗中显得更为可怖。他们还蓄着长发，全身除了头部和上唇之外，到处都剃光。妻子们是由每一群十个或十二个男人共有的，特别是在兄弟们之间和父子们之间共有最为普通，如果这些妻子们中间有孩子出生，则被认为是当她在处女时第一个接近她的人的孩子。(任炳湘) 不列颠之开化民众，居于滨海之肯特郡，其习俗颇似高卢。内陆居民多不事农耕，唯饮乳、食肉、衣兽皮。不列颠人战时皆青汁染身，以诈怖敌手。彼皆蓄发留髭，体毛尽剃。十数人共妻多名，父子兄弟间尤为常见。若某妻产子，则判其初夜婚配之男子为其子之父也。(汪精玲) There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings. The town lay in the midst of a checkerboard of prosperous farms, with fields of grain and hillsides of orchards where, in spring, white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields. In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a backdrop of pines. Then foxes barked in the hills and deer silently crossed the fields, half hidden in the mists of the autumn mornings. 批评并试译：在美洲的中部曾经有一个城镇，那里所有的生命似乎和他们所处的环境和睦相处。小镇包围在似棋盘状的富裕农场中间。田野一片好庄稼，山坡处处是果园。春天，绿色的田野漂浮着盛开的白花；秋天，小红的橡树、枫树、桦树摇曳婆娑，与对面衬托的松树相映生辉。狐狸在小山间咆哮，小鹿安详地穿过田野，一半的生命躲藏在秋晨的轻妙薄雾之中。 P16 He is slave to music他酷爱音乐; He is fool for danger他天不怕，地不怕 人才talent; person of ability and integrity; 缘分(superstition) predestined affinity or relationship; (in a broad sense) lot or luck by which people are brought together; possibility of affinity between people or between people and things
11月英语翻译资格考试三级笔译真题回忆 1. 英译汉：文章来源为美国国务院网站，原文标题为：Beaverton: Oregon’s Most Diverse City Stroll through the farmers’market and you will hear a plethora of languages and see a rainbow of faces. Drive down Canyon Road and stop for halal meat or Filipino pork belly at adjacent markets. Along the highway, browse the aisles of a giant Asian supermarket stocking fresh napa cabbage and mizuna or fresh kimchi. Head toward downtown and you’ll see loncheras —taco trucks —on street corners and hear Spanish bandamusic. On the city’s northern edge, you can sample Indian chaat. Welcome to Beaverton, a Portland suburb that is home to Oregon’s fastest growing immigrant population. Once a rural community, Beaverton, population 87,000, is now the sixth largest city in Oregon — with immigration rates higher than those of Portland, Oregon’s largest city. Best known as the world headquarters for athletic shoe company Nike, Beaverton has changed dramatically over the past 40 years. Settled by immigrants from northern Europe in the 19th century, today it is a place where 80 languages from Albanian to Urdu are spoken in the public schools and about 30 percent of students speak a language besides English, according to English as a Second Language program director Wei Wei Lou. Beaverton’s wave of new residents began arriving in the 1960s, with Koreans and Tejanos (Texans of Mexican origin), who were the first permanent Latinos. In 1960, Beaverton’s population of Latinos and Asians was less than 0.3 percent. By 2000, Beaverton had proportionately more Asian and Hispanic residents than the Portland metro area. Today, Asians comprise 10 percent and Hispanics 11 percent of
(此文档为word格式，下载后您可任意编辑修改！) 浙江师范大学 外国语学院 课程大纲及教案 专业名称：英语专业 课程名称：《翻译》（1） 主导教材：毛荣贵《新世纪大学英汉翻译教程》所属课程组：翻译组 课程负责人： 适用年级：英语专业本科2003级
学年第二学期 翻译（1）（2）课程大纲 一、课程概况 课程名称：翻译 课程类别：专业基础课课程编号：， 学分：4 学时：68 开课学期：五、六 二、课程教学目标和要求 1、[教学目标] 通过本课程的教学，帮助学生有效提高翻译实践能力和理论认识，达到高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲对其翻译能力的基本要求，即：能运用翻译理论与技巧，将英美报刊上的文章以及文学原著译成汉语，或将我国报刊、杂志上的文章和一般文学作品译成英语，译文忠实、流畅，译速每小时个英文单词汉字，使之可以胜任未来的中学英语教学以及其他涉及翻译能力的工作。 2、[课程要求] 本课程为系列专业基础课，由英译汉和汉译英组成，要求学生按顺序修读。 为达到课程教学的目的，采用讲练结合的方式，布臵相当数量的课后作业要求学生按时按量完成，并积极参与课堂讨论。 三、教学内容与教学安排 1、[教学内容要点] 本课程教学以实践为主，理论为辅，重点是翻译技巧的介绍与练笔，翻译内容涉及各类文体、各个领域。课程安排按照讲练结合的原则展开，帮助学生有步骤有针对性地训练翻译的基本技能。通过大量的练习和讲评，强化学生对不同文本语体特点和翻译原则的认识，为其将来从事翻译工作或运用英语作为工作语言打下坚实的双语转换实践基础。 2、[教学安排] 本课程教学依据教学大纲，安排在本科三年级上、下两学期进行，共计68学时，其中36学时为英译汉，32学时为汉译英，每周2学时。教学计划允许授课教师在具体操作中有一定的灵活度，但至少应包含以下3部分的主题内容： 1)翻译概述（含翻译的标准、原则、过程、中外翻译简史及翻译名家的主要 观点等）； 2)翻译技巧讲练（介绍主要的英汉互译技巧，结合学生的练笔进行讲评）； 3)多视角的翻译实践与研究（不同领域的翻译实践及其操作原则与技巧，如
2020年英语翻译资格考试初级笔译难句辅导 1. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. [参考译文] 一些机构终于松了一口气，但是其他一些机构，包括教堂，倡导生命之权的团体和澳大利亚医学协会，尖锐地抨击这个法案，指责法案的通过过于匆忙。但是大势已定，不可逆转。 2. In Australia- where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their partother states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. [参考译文] 在澳大利亚--人口老龄化，延长寿命的技术和变化看的社会态度，这些因素都在发挥作用一一其他的州也会考虑制定相似的关于安乐死的法律。 3. There are, of course, exceptions. Small--minded officials, rude waiters, and ill mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. [参考译文] 当然，例外是存有的。在美国，心胸狭窄的官员，粗鲁的传者，和没有礼貌的出租车司机也并很多见。不过人们常常得出这样的观察意见，这使得它值得被讨论一下。 4. We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive： an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.
2010年11月英语笔译实务三级英译汉试题及答案 When night falls in remote parts of Africa and the Indian subcontinent, hundreds of millions of people without access to electricity turn to candles or kerosene lamps for illumination. Slowly through small loans for solar powered devices, microfinance is bringing light to these rural regions where a lack of electricity has stemmed economic development, held down literacy rates and damaged health. “Earlier, they could not do much once the sun set. Now, the sun is used differe ntly. They have increased their productivity, improved their health and socio-economic status,” said Pinal Shah from SEWA Bank, a micro-lending institution. Vegetable seller Ramiben Waghri took out a loan to buy a solar lantern which she uses to light up her stall at night. The lantern costs between $66-$112, about a week’s income for Waghri. “The vegetables look better by this light, and it’s cheaper than kerosene and doesn’t smell,” said Waghri, who estimates she makes about 300 rupees ($6) more each e vening with her lantern. “If we can use the sun to save some money, why not?” In India, solar power projects, often funded by micro credit institutions, are helping the country reduce carbon emissions and achieve its goal to double the contribution of renewable energy to 6%, or 25,000 megawatts, within the next four years. Off-grid applications such as solar cookers and lanterns, which can provide several hours of light at night after being charged by the sun during the day, will help cut dependence o n fossil fuels and reduce the fourth biggest emitter’s carbon footprint, said Pradeep Dadhich, a senior fellow at energy research institute TERI in India“ They are reaching people who otherwise have limited or no access to electricity and depend on kerosene, diesel or firewood for their energy need,”he said. “The appliances not only satisfy these needs, they also improve the quality of life and reduce the carbon emissions.” SEWA, or the Self-Employed Women’s Association, is among a growing number of microfinance institutions in India focused on providing affordable renewable energy sources to poor people, who otherwise would have had to stand for hours to buy kerosene for lamps or trudge kilometers to collect firewood for cooking. SKS, Microfinance, the largest such institution in India, offers solar lamps to its 5 million customers, while the Rural Solar Electricity Foundation helps pay for lamps and systems for homes and street lighting for villagers in India, Nepal and Bangladesh. In neighboring Bangladesh, the state-owned and private-sector power plants can generate 3,700 to 4,300 megawatts of electricity a day against a demand of 5,500 megawatts, according to the state-run power development board. With only 40 percent of the country’s people having access to electricity, microfinance institutions like Grameen Bank have made a major push toward expanding the use of solar power. Since 2001, 350,000 solar home systems have been installed in Bangladesh and