2020届高考英语书面表达“概要写作”高三模拟练习（一）
写作指导与解读
一、概写原题
阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Children are starting to carry cell phones at younger ages. In a recent study, 22% of kids in primary school reported having their own cell phone compared with 60% of teens and 84% of teens. Like many parents, you may wonder
whether your child is ready for a cell phone. As you might imagine, there are different attitudes towards it.
Many parents consider safety as the main reason for giving their child a cell phone. They want to be able to reach their child whenever they need to. They also want to give their child the security of being able to reach them whenever he needs to. This is especially true if your child is home alone after school or walks home alone, says Barbara Greenberg, PhD, a clinical psychologist in Fairfield County, CT.
However, if your child has a cell phone, he has access to websites that may be inappropriate. He may see content that is violent and could be related to death or sex. "Lots of kids have fantasies in their mind about things they don't understand," Greenberg says. There's also the issue of inadequate sleep, Greenberg says. "Kids with cell phones are likely to stay awake late into the night playing games and texting with friends." Cell phones also bring the risk of cyber-bullying(网络欺凌). "Before, once you got indoors you were safe," Greenberg says. "But with cell phones and social media, nobody is ever safe from bullying."
Your child is ready for a cell phone when he can sit down with you to create guidelines for its use, Greenberg says. "If they're unwilling to make this list, they aren't ready." For most kids, this happens around age 12 or 13, she says. Parents should make the decision, not well-meaning grandparents or friends who gift your child with a phone. "Ask yourself whether your child has good judgment
and a history of good decision-making, "Greenberg says. If he is immature or tends to make bad decisions, he isn't ready.
二、概写步骤
第一步：通读理解全文，了解文章结构，理清各段落之间的逻辑关系，提取全文中心词，尤其是名词与动词。
第二步：细读原文，划出各段的主题句与关键词，关键词以动词与名词为主，涵盖段落全部要点。
第三步：根据所划内容，结合理解，理清句内逻辑关系，然后转述或合成句子。可用中文概括出段落大意，然后用一句话翻译出来(合理利用原词)。
第四步：通读修改。要考虑句首连接词的使用、高级词汇的替换、句式的多样、语法是否正确以及字数的多少等。
第五步：用衡水体抄到试卷上，力求清楚美观。
三、分段概括
关键词句已在原文标出，结合理解，用中文概括出一句话并译成英文。
?尽管手机在孩子中很普及，但关于他们是否应该拥有手机，看法不一。
Despite the popularity of cellphones among children, opinions differ as to whether they should have cellphones.
?出于安全考虑，一些家长觉得有必要互相联系，特别是当孩子们独自一人时。
For security reasons, some parents feel the need to contact each other, especially when children are alone.
?然而，也有人认为，手机让孩子们更容易遇到相关问题，比如容易获取不健康信息、睡眠不足以及网络欺凌。
Others, however, hold that cellphones make it easier for children to encounter related problems, such as easy access to unhealthy information, lack of sleep and cyber-bullying.
?总之，如果孩子够成熟能做出明智的决定，他们已经准备好可以拥有手机了。
Anyway, if children are mature enough to make wise decisions, they are prepared to own cellphones.
四、下水范文
D espite the popularity of cellphones among children, opinions differ as to whether they should have cellphones.F or security reasons, some parents feel the need to contact each other, especially when children are alone.O thers, however, hold that cellphones make it easier for children to encounter related problems, such as easy access to unhealthy information, lack of sleep and cyber-
bullying.A nyway, if children are mature enough to make wise decisions, they are prepared to own cellphones.【75字】
参考范文：
2018届高考英语书面表达解析及写作技巧 2018-08-10英语：高考书面表达解析及写作技巧一、解读书面表达书面表达是一个综合性题目，要求考生根据所给图画、图表、提纲(或者开放性)等，运用所学知识将提示信息组成句子，句子连成段，段连成篇。 它不断要求考生有丰富的语言语法知识，而且有较强的语言表达能力和逻辑思维能力。 它也是一种融形式、文体、交际三位于一体的试题，所考查内容都体现在表达和传递信息的交流能力，因此，书面表达有交流性、实用性、合理性等特点。 近几年来高考书面表达正在一步步地向考试要考语言运用能力这一方向改进，并采用了新的评分标准，因此要求考生语言的准确性和得体性，注重上、下文连贯，注重表达方式多样化。 新的评分标准提倡考生使用高级词汇和复杂句式，运用过渡性词汇增强文章连贯性。 如果考生在表达中只是运用了简单句，虽然表达了要求的信息，那么得分也不会高。 因此，近几年高考要求考生掌握词汇要丰富，句式表达要复杂，适当地使用情感性语言。 二、各种题型的应试对策1图画作文要求考生首先仔细观察，读懂图意，抓住要点，按图片顺序编拟提纲，同时要注意图片所给的时
间、背景等相关信息，确定写作的人称、时态和语态。 在写作时还要适当地使用一些关联词、过渡句来加工润色，使文章层次清楚、通顺畅达。 这种作文的难点在于要求考生能自己编拟出合适的要点，并且表达上要连贯。 2图表作文要求考生能分析把握该图表要表达的内容，确定主题，然后从图表中归纳出相应要点来写作。 这种作文能有效考查考生的篇章结构组织能力，要求写作具有逻辑性。 3提纲作文要求考生首先将所给出的要点进行组织，按照一定的逻辑顺序用明白、恰当、得体的语言来表达；要尽量消除汉语式的英文表达。 这种作文切忌逐字逐句汉译英，使得文章支离破碎，不忍卒读。 相对来说，这种作文难度相对较小。 4（半）开放性作文要求考生能根据相当简短的提示来写作；或者要求续写一段文字，或者写出你的感想等等。 这种形式为考生张扬个性提供了空间，答案不唯一，淋漓尽致地考查了考生发散思维和创新思维能力。 它还可能包括改写、缩写等其他形式。 近年来不少自主命题省（市）的高考试题有向（半）开放性过渡的趋势。
概要写作（Summary writing），被称为“小作文”。概要写作分值占据15分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。 概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary”的要求。 一．正确认识概要写作 1. Definition of summary writing（概要写作的定义） By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article, a chapter or a book. 2. Key points of a summary（概要写作的要点） Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information. Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text. Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner. Accuracy（准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does. Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and phrases, a summary is a paragraph with necessary transitions and function structures to make it flow. Objectivity（客观性）：Do not include your own ideas or emotions on the topic. The summary should reflect the content of the original passage only. 3. Steps to write a summary（概要写作的步骤） 1）Skim the text to find out the general theme. 2）Analyze the text’s structure to divide it into several sections, find out the main idea of each section and write it out briefly with your own words. (one sentence) 3）Write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details. 4）Organize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence. 5）Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes. 4. Beginning of a summary（概要写作的开头） Begin your summary with: *The author’s name *The article’s or chapter’s name *The author’s thesis statement—a general overview(survey) of the article. The Body: First of all, the author describes…… He then points out that…… In addition, the author talks about…… Finally, the author suggests…… Some other introductory phrases: *(The author) states in (this article) that…
安徽 假设你是李华。美国一所友好学校准备与你们学校共同创办一份中学生英文 刊物，该校格林先生来信询问有关情况。请你给他写封回信，主要内容如下： 表示赞成。 提出你喜欢的栏目。 简要说明理由。 注意： 1．词数100左右。 2．信的开头和结尾已为你写好。 3．适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 4．参考词汇：栏目一column ﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡ June 8 Dear Mr. Green, I am very excited to learn that we are going to start a magazine together.______________________________________________________________ __________________________________________ Yours faithfully Li Hua June 8 Dear Mr. Green, I am very excited to learn that we are going to start a magazine together. It is indeed a wonderful idea and everyone hopes for its success. I would like the magazine to have three columns : News, Teachers' Advice and Students' V oice. From the News column we can learn about what is going on in both of our schools. In Teachers' Advice, our teachers can give us such help as we may not be able to get in the classroom. Students' V oice will allow us to freely express our thoughts and feelings about our lives and studies. I believe that this magazine will surely strengthen our ties, and I am looking forward to reading it. Yours faithfully, Li Hua 北京 第一节情景作文（20分） 假设你是李华，要给英国笔友Harry写封信，介绍你班两位同学精选班长的 过程。请按下图顺序描述。 注意：1.信的开头已为你写好。 2.词数不少于60. 提示词：竞选班长monitor election
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要(2017宁波模拟) Many Chinese students have studied English for approximately ten years, but most of them cannot even speak English correctly or fluently. In my opinion, there are several obstacles that have caused this to happen. The main obstacle is fear! Another is the habit of mentally translating from Chinese to English and then to change these thoughts into spoken words and sentences. Many of these difficulties are caused by the way Chinese people study and learn the language. We must learn to speak as a child does. When we are learning a second language we need to remember how we learned our native language. Learning to understand and speak a language is one of the first skills a child develops. How does a child learn the language? He listens for a time and then he tries to repeat the words. Parents give great praise for the smallest effort and slightest improvement. Therefore, the child develops courage and is excited about learning. It takes a long time before he knows anything about grammar, spelling or formal sentence structures. As for language teachers, they should avoid criticism and be very encouraging and generous with praise. Criticism or pointing out faults too often causes students to lose self-confidence and develop a fear of speaking. The best way to motivate a student is using praise. The most important aspect of speaking is having good self-esteem. Self-esteem is how you feel about yourself. When most Chinese people are asked how their English is, or they are told their English is very good, they immediately respond by saying, "Oh my English is very poor." If you say this to yourself often enough, you will believe it. When someone compliments（称赞）you, just say "thank you". __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 共（）词
请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。 Cleanliness is important to academic success at one Chinese university where compulsory labor is part of a program designed to award class credits while teaching students with proper moral values. During winter, the sky is still dark at 6：30 a．m. when the first－year students in Trade and Management College in Zhengzhou begin sweeping the 165－acre campus and it can take up to an hour. Mr. Sun, the university official, said labor is good for building character and promotes “the spirit of hard work.”Some students also claim that they are always proud of the clean campus. They never litter because they've been through the labor and understand that they should respect the fruits of labor of others. Some students, however, are against it because they feel the demands of the cleaning program are a distraction. Some often show up late and hungry to their morning classes after rushing to sweep the campus and clean their rooms. 【写作内容】 1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要。 2. 用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括：(1) 支持或反对这个学校的做法；(2) 用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的观点。 【写作要求】 1. 可以支持文中任一观点，但必须提供理由或论据。 2. 阐述观点或提供论据时，不能直接引用原文语句。 3. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。 4. 不必写标题。 【评分标准】 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。 支持： One university in Zhengzhou designs a program where students must clean the campus every day and relates it to class credits. Some people support the program while others do not.(30) Generally, I am in favor of the practice. To begin with, through their effort, students provide a clean and comfortable environment, which, as a result, is an assurance of their successful academic life. Moreover, cleaning and labor can not only serve to build students' character but also contribute positively to students developing healthy routines and good sanitation habits. Last but not least, by enjoying the fruits of others' labor, students will develop the awareness of gratitude and regard labor as a matter of honor. In short, carrying out the cleaning program is crucial. The significance for students of participating in it means more than academic success. It is part of moral education and benefits students as well as the campus. (120) 反对： It is required by one university in Zhengzhou that students should clean the campus every morning to achieve class credits. Opinions on the practice vary widely from person to person.(30) I am strongly opposed to the practice for the following reasons. First of all, cleaning tends to take up too much time, which becomes a distraction for students and discourages them from focusing on their academic performances. Then, students can be encouraged to maintain clean living areas but it's unreasonable to relate the cleaning with the academic credits. As students, they should put more efforts into their studies to achieve class credits instead of sweeping the campus. Furthermore, though someone claims labor can contribute to developing the spirit of hard work, it should by no means be achieved through daily floor－sweeping. In conclusion, there is no sense in students sweeping the campus, for it benefits neither their character nor study.(120)
新高中英语概要写作答题技巧 概要写作要求读懂所给的阅读材料，用自己的语言高度概括文章的主要内容和观点，有三个步骤：1阅读 a.把握文章体裁。概要写作的前提是要理解原文。首先，通读原文，把握文章体裁、中心思想和整体结构，根据文章的体裁特点来决定内容的取舍，可以从以下方面的内容(见下表)入手。 ▲不同体裁文章的要点 b.画出主题句或关键词，主题句一般出现在段首或段尾。在找到主题句后，要分析主题句的意义，进一步确定衬托主题句的一些关键词（组）如动词、名词等。 c.整合概括大意。根据阅读时获取的信息、主题句或关键词(组)等，对相关的内容进行整合，理清各层次、要点之间的关系，用自己的语言把词(组)扩展成句，归纳出各段落的大意，也就是表达的要点。2写作
概要写作不是对原文的简单复述，而是在透彻理解原文的基础上，对原文进行高度的概括。注意以下几点： a.准确。准确理解原文包括对原文中每个要点及与之相关的“一些重要论据，句子的理解等。概要写作必须绝对忠实于原文，既不能遗漏任何要点，也不能随意添加内容。概要写作的时态顺应与原文的时态，顺序一致。由于概要写作是转述别人的事情或观点，所以，不管原文使用何种人称概要写作一般都要用第三人称。 b.客观。在进行概要写作时，要依据原文作者的观点，客观地转述文中的要点，不要把自己个人的观点和看法掺杂进去，不要使用“I think”和“I believe”等主观性的词句。由于概要写作不允许照抄原文中的句子，因此，可采用句型转换、同义词转化、语态互换等手法将原文中的句子进行改头换面，达到“雁过不留痕”的效果。如可用单个词汇替换具有相同语法功能的单词和词组：用determine 代替“make up ones mind”;用therefore和to等表示逻辑意义的连接词代替较长的词组“as a result”和“in order to”等。 c.简洁。由于概要写作的词数有限，所以，可以采取削“枝”去“叶”的方法来减少词数。通常的方法是去掉原文中的一些实例、冗长的说明、描述性的修饰语以及省略或简化图表，删除直接引语的对话。如果必须保留某些重要的对话，可将其改为间接引语的形式，即把对话体变为叙述体；或采用主谓缩写( we are→we're；they will→they'll)，句式省略( when he crossed the road= when crossing the road)，合并句子，使用简单句、并列句，with的复合结构，适当使用复合句等方法来进行概要写作。 d.连贯。连接词是内容概要的桥梁，它在句与句或段与段之间起铺垫的作用，能够把内容概要有机地串联起来，确保行文流畅，衔接紧凑。因此，概要写作哪怕只有一个段落，也要根据原文的层次结构，在适当的地方添加连接词，如表示顺序关系的“firstly”¨secondly"“finally”；
高考英语书面表达写作 指导记叙文 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
高考英语书面表达写作指导——记叙文 记叙文（或：叙述文Narration）包括人物介绍、故事、游记、报道、典故、日记等。看图作文也多属于这一类。 记叙文应特别注意： 1、六要素：人物、时间、地点、事件发生的原因、经过和结果。人物和事件是叙述的主体。记叙时要把这些要素交待清楚，使人了解事情的来龙去脉。 2、叙述方式：顺叙、倒叙、插叙等。顺叙，是英语写作最常用的叙述方式。 ①顺叙：按事件发生、发展的顺序或时间顺序进行叙述。 ②倒叙：把事情的结局或某个突出的片段提到前面叙述，然后再按照事情的顺 序叙述下去。 ③插叙：在叙述过程中，由于某种需要，暂时把叙述的线索中断一下，插入有 关的另一叙述。 ④夹叙夹议：一方面叙述事情，一方面对这件事情加以分析或评论。 一般叙述的线索可分为以下几种： ①以时间为线索，按时间的顺序来展开。 ②以地点为线索，以地点的转移为顺序来展开。 ③以事件发展的过程为线索，或以人物出现的先后次序来展开。 ④以事物的象征意义为线索来展开。 ⑤以人物的思想行为及认知的过程为线索来展开。 3、人称：基本上采用第一人称或第三人称作为叙述的主体。 用第一人称叙述主观色彩较浓，显得亲切，便于表达细腻的思想感情； 用第三人称叙述，便于超越时空限制，能比较真实地、客观地叙述一件事情的全过程。 人称要通篇一致，不要在行文中更换人称。 4、时态的一致：叙事时表过去的事件和行为，用一般过去时，兼用别的过去时态（过去完成时、过去进行时和过去进来时）。必要时也用现在时态。叙述经常性的事情时，以一般现在时为主。总之，下笔前一定要统观全局，确定好时态 基点。 2
上海高考英语新题型之概要写作 澄衷高级中学孙吉 从2017年起，上海英语高考试卷的题型将面临许多调整，其中之一便是增加了概要写作（Summary writing），也有许多人将之称为“小作文”。概要写作分值占据15分，考查的是考生阅读和写作的综合能力。 概要写作所给定的语篇一般在200-250字，内容丰富多样，包含故事、时政、科普等，体裁以记叙文、说明文为主，字数一般要求在50-60字，答案尽量符合“Key points of a summary”的要求。 一．正确认识概要写作 1. Definition of summary writing（概要写作的定义） By summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article, a chapter or a book. 2. Key points of a summary（概要写作的要点） Conciseness（简要性）：Omit unnecessary details like examples, explanations and other unimportant information. Length: 1/4-1/3 of the original text. Completeness（完整性）：To include all the main and supporting points delivered in you own words in a condensed manner. Accuracy（准确性）：To give the same attention and stress to the points as the author does. Coherence（连贯性）：Rather than an outline listed as key words and
2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解 一、考点分析 （一）考查内容： 1、考查读懂文章内容的能力 2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力 3、考查归纳总结的能力 4、考查组织文章的能力 （二）评分要点 ?1）字数50左右 ?2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点 ?3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇 ?4）完全使用自己的语言 ?5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑 二、专题详解 定义： It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition. 读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、 体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。 （三）写作方法 Step 1. 确定体裁，明确主题 Step 2. 明确文章结构（总-分，总-分-总，分-总，并列） Step 3. 划主题句与关键信息 Step 4. 写纲要，打草稿 Step 5. 润色成文
1) 找准体裁，提炼要点 按体裁 2) 语言：同义词 ① 同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语 （例 improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important ） ② ） ③ 句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等 3) 衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词 替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition, 转折关系 but, instead, however, on the other hand 省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。 增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…; and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however, 例（一）
假定你是李华，希望通过外籍教师peter找一个英语笔友。请写一封短信，描述一下你理想中笔友的条件，并说明为什么选这样的笔友。具体条件包括： 1．年龄； 2．性别； 3．爱好（旅游、运动、宠物等）。 注意：1．词数100 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头语已为你写好。 dear peter, i am writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favor. best regards, li hua dear peter, i'm writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favor. i look forward to hearing from you soon. best regards, li hua 【全国ii】 １．地点：距白山入口处500米； ２．房间及价格：单人间（共20间）； 100元／天；双人间（共15间）； 150元／天；热水淋浴； ３．餐饮：餐厅（中、西餐），咖啡厅（茶、咖啡）； ４．游泳池：全天免费开放； ５．欢迎预定。 注意： 1．词数100左右，开头语已为你写好； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 ＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊ baishan mountain hotel is now open for business. baishan mountain hotel is now open for business. our hotel stands 500 meters away from the entrance to baishan mountain. it has 20 single rooms and 15 double rooms, all with hot showers. a single room is 100 yuan and a double room 150 yuan for one night. you are advised to book in advance. the hotel serves three meals a day and there are chinese food and western food for you to choose from. you can also enjoy yourself at the café drinking tea or coffee in the evening. we also have a swimming pool, which is open all day and free of charge.
高考英语书面表达写作指导书-----------------------作者：
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高考英语书面表达写作指导（上）附模拟试题 命题方式和内容 书面表达是目前高考英语中唯一的主观性试题，书面表达的质量，很大程度上反映了考生的英语水平，也是高考成败的一个重要砝码。高考写作主要命题方式为看图作文、示意图、简表、提纲等；体裁主要有记叙文、应用文和说明文。近年来，议论文的命题比重越来越大。 书面表达答题分类指导 （一）记叙文 记叙文是以记人叙事为主要内容，以叙述为主要表达方式的文体。在高考英语书面表达中，记人和记事常常是相互联系的。记叙文包括人物介绍、故事、游记、报道、典故、日记等。看图作文也多属于这一类。除第前面提到的外，记叙文还应特别注意： 1、六要素（人物、时间、地点、事件、原因和结果）完整；人物和事件是叙述的主体。 2、清楚明白，情节完整；但不要过分发挥，以防言多必失。 3、时态是一个值得注意的现象。通常事件发生的时间是确定时态的关键。表过去的事件和行为，用一般过去时，兼用别的过去时态，必要时也用现在时态。叙述经常性的事情时，以一般现在时为主。总之，下笔前一定要统观全局，确定好时态基点。例如（重庆卷‘04）：
假设你是图1中的男孩，请根据以下图画提供的情节线索，以Sharing Housework为题，用英文叙述你帮妈妈做家务的经过及感想。 注意：1.书面表达必须包括图画所表现的主要内容，可适当增减细节，使其连贯、完整； 2.词数：100左右。 One day, I was going to play football as usual when I saw Mum was washing c lothes. She looked so aged and tired. “It’s too hard for Mum to deal with the h ousework.” So I decided t o stay to help Mum wash the clothes instead of playin g football. A moment later, Ming Ming came and asked me to play football with h im, but I refused him. I went on with my work until I finished washing all the clo thes. I was tired out, but looking at the clothes on the rope and thinking of the words with which Mum praised me, I felt very comfortable. It’s our duty to help parents do some housework, I think. （二）议论文 议论文以议论为主要表达方式，在书面表达中很常见。论点、论据和论证是议论文缺一不可的三要素。在议论文中，作者先就某一问题或现象提出自己的观点，然后辅之以相关的论据，并在此基础上作逻辑和理论上的论证，这是全文的主要部分，最结得出结
高考英语概要写作方法 Part I. 什么是摘要 A summary is a short account giving the main points of something longer or detailed. 概括部分包含几种能力。第一要看清楚文章的结构，设法反映出原文中作者的观点。第二要具有意义筛选的能力，学会区分事实和观点、重要和次要、普遍与特殊、相关与不相关、原因和结果等复杂的逻辑关系。第三要有用英文解释英文的能力，用自己简单的语言解释比较复杂的语言文字，不能抄袭原文。 对于成绩较差的同学来说，可能对概括感到无从下手。 读写任务的写作内容一般分为两个部分，即写作内容 1 为概括短文要点，还有写作内容 2 则是就某个主题发表看法。然而，绝大部分的考生会忽略了写作内容 2 对写作内容1的导航作用，而一头扎进了阅读材料直接去阅读文章得出要点。事实上，所谓“读写任务”其实是“读”和“写”的有机结合，“读”的材料是为了后面的“写”提供情景，同样，“写”也是对“读”的材料的思考和延伸。故希望大家在概括文章时，可考虑命题人提供的写作内容 2 的导航作用，因为它能够帮助大家更快地提高捕捉文章要点的速度与准确性。 一、概括的标准：抛弃次要，瞄准写作目的。 标准的概括采用浮凸式的表达方式，第一句话是主题句，清楚
明白地告诉了读者文章的写作目的，这句话的质量决定了概括的成败。后面的句子对主题句进行解释和支撑，凡是意义在主题之外的要毫不吝啬地予以删除。 二、概括的写作步骤： 1.确定主题句。确定阅读文章的主题句，一般在段首。没有主题句的需要自己组合。 2.寻找关键词。分析主题句意义，确定关键词，关键词一般体现为名词、形容词，关键词的数目决定了概括的信息浓度。 3.重构主题句。概括的主题句逻辑上要统摄后面所有的支撑句。可以从作者的写作目的逆推，反映写作目的主题句是高度抽象的，它基本决定了概括的质量。 4.重组支撑句。支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句，可以是补充过程或者提供证据。 口诀：简括为：缩长见短，省却细腻。（括：概括性。见：间接引语。短： 短的连词。细腻：细节和例子） 三、概括的形式：“主题句+支撑句” 即“主题+主题的什么”。附：2007 年广东高考概括部分评分细则： 1.完全糊涂地照抄原文，连人称都不改的，得0 分; 2.机械死板地照抄原文，只改人称的，得1分;
高考英语书面表达（写作）及范文汇总 【全国I】 假定你是李华，希望通过外籍教师Peter找一个英语笔友。请写一封短信，描述一下你理想中笔友的条件，并说明为什么选这样的笔友。具体条件包括： 1．年龄； 2．性别； 3．爱好（旅游、运动、宠物等）。 注意：1．词数100 左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头语已为你写好。 Dear Peter, I am writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favor. Best regards, Li Hua Dear Peter, I’m writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favor. I want to have a pen friend, hopefully a girl in her early twenties, and with interests similar to mine. In my mind, she is someone who is interested in traveling, swimming, and playing table tennis. Besides, it would be better for her to have a pet dog as I have kept one at home for some time. With such a pen friend, I think I can share with her our traveling experiences, taking care of pets, or whatever we have in common. And I believe I will improve my English by doing so and learn more about her country. I look forward to hearing from you soon. Best regards, Li Hua 【全国II】 一家宾馆新开业，为吸引外国宾客，希望在互联网上进行宣传，请你用英语为其写一篇文字介绍。主要内容就包括： １．地点：距白山入口处500米； ２．房间及价格：单人间（共20间）； 100元／天；双人间（共15间）； 150元／天；热水淋浴； ３．餐饮：餐厅（中、西餐），咖啡厅（茶、咖啡）； ４．游泳池：全天免费开放； ５．欢迎预定。 注意： 1．词数100左右，开头语已为你写好； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯 ＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊＊ Welcome to Baishan Mountain Hotel Baishan Mountain Hotel is now open for business. Welcome to Baishan Mountain Hotel Baishan Mountain Hotel is now open for business.