专题一中国节日及相关表达
1.春节the Spring Festival / Chinese lunar Near Year
农历正月初一the first day of the first lunar month
农历lunar calendar
年终大扫除year-end household cleaning
春联Spring Festival couplets
年画New Year pictures
剪纸paper-cuts
团圆饭family reunion dinner
饺子dumplings
春晚Spring Festival Gala
守岁stay up late on the New Year’s Eve
除夕Eve of Chinese New Year
辞旧迎新ring out the old year and ring in the new
拜年pay a New Year visit
红包red packets
压岁钱lucky money
放爆竹let off firecrackers
庙会temple fair
禁忌taboo
2.元宵节Lantern Festival
农历正月十五15th day of the first lunar month元宵rice dumplings 花灯festival lantern
灯谜lantern riddle
灯会exhibit of lanterns
烟花fireworks
3.端午节Dragon Boat Festival
农历五月初五5th of the fifth lunar month
粽子traditional Chinese rice-pudding
糯米sticky rice
粽叶bamboo leaves
舞龙dragon dance
舞狮lion dance
踩高跷stilt walking
赛龙舟dragon-boat racing
纪念in memory of
屈原Qu Yuan
诗人poet
忠臣loyal minister
4.清明节Tomb-sweeping Day
寒食节Cold Food Festival
祭拜祖先offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors
踏青go for a spring outing
5.中秋节Mid-Autumn Day / Moon Festival
农历八月十五15th of the eighth lunar month
月饼moon cake
赏月appreciate the glorious full moon
中国神话故事Chinese mythology
嫦娥the goddess of the moon
后羿Houyi
长生不老be immortal
6.重阳节Double Ninth Day
赏菊admire the beauty of chrysanthemum
登高climb a height
7.七夕节Double Seventh Day/Chinese Valentine's Day 银河the Milky Way
鹊桥bridge of magpies
牛郎Cowherd
织女the Weaving Maid王母娘娘the Queen of Heaven 乞巧praying-for-cleverness
女红needlework
专题二中国文化及相关表达
1. 中国文化
四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China 火药gunpowder
印刷术printing
造纸术paper-making
指南针the compass
文房四宝”Four Treasures of the Study
笔writing brush
墨ink stick
纸paper
砚ink slab
书法calligraphy
中国画traditional Chinese painting
水墨画Chinese brush painting
雕刻sculpture
泥人clay figure
武术martial arts
京剧Peking opera
昆曲Kunqu opera
相声cross talk
中药traditional Chinese medicine
中国结Chinese knot
唐装Tang suit
四合院courtyard house
红茶black tea
绿茶green tea
火锅hot pot
2.中国文学
四大名著four major classical novels
《三国演义》The Romance of Three Kingdoms
《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions
《水浒传》Outlaw of the Marshes
《西游记》Journey to the West
四书The Four Books
《大学》The Great Learning
《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean
《论语》Analects of Confucius
《孟子》The Mencius
五经The Five Classics
《诗经》The Book of Songs
《书经》The Book of History
《易经》The Book of Changes
《礼记》the Book of Rite
《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals
3.中国古代哲学家及相关表达
哲学家philosopher
孔子Confucius
孟子Mencius
老子Lao Tzu
孙子Sun Tzu
庄子Chuang Tzu
儒学Confucian School
孔庙Temple of Confucius
《孙子兵法》The Art of War
4.中国历史及相关表达
封建的feudal
朝代dynasty
春秋时期the Spring and Autumn Period
战国时期the Warring States Period
隋唐时期the Sui and Tang dynasties
明清时期Ming and Qing dynasties
秦始皇the First Emperor of Qin
君主monarch
皇帝emperor
皇太后Empress Dowager
丞相prime minister
大臣minister
忠臣loyal minister
中华文明Chinese civilization
丝绸之路the Silk Road
西域western countries
历史遗迹historical site
文化遗产cultural heritage
文物cultural relics
科举制imperial examination for recruiting civil servants
专题三中国社会及相关表达
社会篇相关表达
改革开放reform and opening up
小康社会 a well-to-do society
奔小康strive for a relatively comfortable life
人民生活people’s livelihood
生活水平living standards
生活质量quality of life
改善民生improve people’s wellbeing
住房条件housing conditions
生活条件living conditions
共同富裕shared prosperity
社会稳定social stability
衣食住行food, clothing, sheltering and means of traveling 厉行节约practice economy
缩小收入差距narrow the income gap
人均收入average income per capita
文化程度educational level
城镇居民urban citizen
失业保障unemployment security
人口问题the issue of population
全面发展all-round development
发达国家developed country
发展中国家developing country
人口老龄化population aging
养老provision for the aged
养老保险old-age insurance
社会保险social insurance
计划生育family planning
独生子女政策one-child policy
城市人口urban population
农业人口agriculture population
普查census
社会事业social programs
人才市场talent market
人才交流talent exchange
人才外流brain drain
应届高校毕业生new college graduate
农民工rural migrant worker
公务员civil servant
市民citizen
名人celebrity
残疾人the disabled
就业率employment rate
失业率unemployment rate
出生率birth rate
死亡率mortality rate
寿命life span
贫困地区poverty-stricken region
欠发达地区underdeveloped area
摆脱贫困shake off poverty
生活困难be badly-off
用电量electricity consumption
森林覆盖率forest coverage
产业结构industrial structure
创历史新高an all-time high
战略性新兴产业strategic emerging industries
基础设施infrastructure
南水北调South-to-North Water Diversion Project
自然灾害natural disasters
本土化localization
体力劳动manual labor
可持续发展sustainable development
沙尘暴sandstorm
建筑灰尘construction dust
市政府the municipal government
违章建筑unlicensed construction
严厉地处罚impose tough punishments on
主要污染源major sources of pollutants
建筑灰尘construction dust
炫富show off wealth
热词hot word/ buzzword
品位taste
大众传媒mass media
专题四中国经济相关表达
经济篇相关表达
国民生产总值Gross National Product (GNP)
国内生产总值Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
国有企业state-owned enterprises (SOEs)
社会主义市场经济socialist market economy
市场经济秩序the order of the market economy
扩大内需expand domestic demand
宏观调控macro control
按劳分配distribution according to one’s performance
城乡居民收入income of urban and rural residents
劳动力labor
综合国力overall national strength
公有制public ownership
私有制private ownership
私营企业private business
中小企业small and medium enterprises (SMEs)
跨国公司multinational corporation
网络经济Internet-based economy
经济规律law of economy
大规模生产mass production
生产力productive forces
年均增长率average growth rate per annum
可持续增长sustainable growth
经济效益economic returns
经济增长economic growth
经济波动economic fluctuation
衰退recession
提高经济效益enhance economic performance
扭亏为盈turn a loss-making business into a profitable one
优化经济结构optimize economic structure
经济结构战略性调整strategic adjustment of the economic structure 优化消费结构optimize the consumption structure
产业结构升级upgrading of an industrial structure
产业格局industrial pattern
高新技术产业high and new technology industries
经济特区special economic zones
繁荣与稳定prosperity and stability
经济交流economic exchange
利用外资utilization of foreign capital
投资investment
知识产权intellectual property rights
版权copyright
商标trademark
专利patent
电子商务e-business
循环经济recycling economy
个人所得税personal income tax
税收政策tax policy
试点工程pilot project
经济带economic belts
经济全球化economic globalization
财政和货币政策fiscal and monetary policies
专题五中国技相关表达
科技篇相关表达
科技是第一生产力science and technology constitute a primary productive force 科技体制改革reform of the science and technology management system
技术密集产品technology-intensive product
科技含量technology content
尖端科技state-of-the-art technology
研究开发research and development
治理污染curb the environmental pollution
水循环利用工厂water recycling plant
核电站nuclear power plant
非化石能源发电量electricity generated from non-fossil energy
新粒子new particle
H7N9病毒H7N9 virus
应用科学applied science
3D打印3D printing
人造器官artificial organ
顶层设计the top layer design
节能减排energy conservation and emission reduction
工业升级industrial upgrading
结构性障碍structural obstacle
资源利用率resource utilization rate
高速铁路high-speed rail
科学发展观Scientific Outlook on Development
科技发展scientific and technological advancement
生态农业environmental-friendly agriculture
创新innovation
高科技园区high-tech park
国家重点实验室national key laboratory
研究成果research result
新兴学科new branch of science
人工智能artificial intelligence
信息高速公路information superhighway
网民netizen
网上购物online shopping
网上交易平台online trading platform
“宽带中国”战略China's broadband strategy
产能production capacity
神舟十号the Shenzhou-10 spacecraft
嫦娥三号The Chang'e-3 lunar lander
专题六中国教育相关表达
教育篇相关表达
素质教育education for all-round development
应试教育exam-oriented education
填鸭式教学cramming method of learning
义务教育compulsory education
高等教育higher education
普通高校regular institution of higher learning
就业服务和职业培训employment services and vocational skills training
综合性大学comprehensive university
重点大学key university
减轻学生负担reduce burden for students
应届高校毕业生new college graduates
招生办公室admission office
入学考试entrance examination
高考college entrance examination
研究生入学考试postgraduate entrance examination
入学资格admission qualification
升学率proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade
奖学金scholarship
学费tuition
专业课course within one’s major
必修课required course
选修课optional course
学分制credit system
毕业论文graduation thesis
毕业证书graduation certificate
学生会students’union
学历record of formal schooling
中小学生primary and secondary school student
本科生undergraduate
研究生postgraduate同学classmate 教授professor副教授associate professor讲
师lecturer助教teaching assistant
教育界education circle教育投入input in education学前教育preschool education 智力引进introduce talents 课外活动extracurricular activity
专题一中国节日及相关表达 1.春节the Spring Festival / Chinese lunar Near Year 农历正月初一the first day of the first lunar month 农历lunar calendar 年终大扫除year-end household cleaning 春联Spring Festival couplets 年画New Year pictures 剪纸paper-cuts 团圆饭family reunion dinner 饺子dumplings 春晚Spring Festival Gala 守岁stay up late on the New Year’s Eve 除夕Eve of Chinese New Year 辞旧迎新ring out the old year and ring in the new 拜年pay a New Year visit 红包red packets 压岁钱lucky money 放爆竹let off firecrackers 庙会temple fair 禁忌taboo 2.元宵节Lantern Festival 农历正月十五15th day of the first lunar month元宵rice dumplings 花灯festival lantern 灯谜lantern riddle 灯会exhibit of lanterns 烟花fireworks 3.端午节Dragon Boat Festival 农历五月初五5th of the fifth lunar month 粽子traditional Chinese rice-pudding 糯米sticky rice 粽叶bamboo leaves 舞龙dragon dance 舞狮lion dance 踩高跷stilt walking 赛龙舟dragon-boat racing 纪念in memory of 屈原Qu Yuan 诗人poet 忠臣loyal minister 4.清明节Tomb-sweeping Day 寒食节Cold Food Festival 祭拜祖先offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors 踏青go for a spring outing 5.中秋节Mid-Autumn Day / Moon Festival 农历八月十五15th of the eighth lunar month 月饼moon cake 赏月appreciate the glorious full moon 中国神话故事Chinese mythology 嫦娥the goddess of the moon 后羿Houyi
大学英语四六级翻译常用词汇汇总1. 中国经济发展 总需求aggregate demand 总供给aggregate supply 企业文化corporate/entrepreneurial culture 企业形象corporate image (Cl); enterprise image 跨国公司cross-national corporation 创业精神enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 外资企业foreign-funded enterprise 猎头公司head-hunter 假日经济holiday economy 人力资本human capital 航空和航天工业aerospace industry 飞机制造工业aircraft industry 电子工业electronic industry 汽车制造工业car industry 娱乐业entertainment industry 信息产业information industry 知识密集型产业knowledge-intensive industry 国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业light industry 博彩业lottery industry 制造业manufacturing industry 垄断行业monopoly industries 市场多元化market diversification 市场经济market economy 市场监管market supervision 购买力purchasing power 熊市bear market 牛市bull market 城镇化urbanization 房地产real estate 首付down-payment 业主home owner 个人购房贷款individual housing loan 经济全球化economic globalization 经济特区special economic zones (SEZ) 经济增长economic growth 泡沫经济bubble economy 关税tariff 纳税人tax payer 宏观经济macro economy
2016年12月英语四级翻译热点话题:老龄化 来源:智阅网 英语四级翻译话题材料： 请将下面这段话翻译成英文： 中国正面临着人口老龄化和低出生率这些发达国家拥有的问题。在商业领域这些问题则显得更加紧迫。创业的一代人正在老去，但他们很难说服自己的孩子来继承遗产，继续经营他们的企业。对家族企业来说，落实一个清晰有效的继任计划(succession plan)是一个令 人头痛的问题。虽然有很多原因可以解释这种不情愿继任的情况，但商业环境的恶化(deterioration)已被证明是主要因素之一。 英语四级翻译参考译文: China is facing the developed world's problems of an ageing population and low birth rate. These problems have taken on even more urgency in the business community. The founding generation is getting older but having great difficulty persuading their children to carry on their legacy and keep their business running. Putting in place a clear and effective succession plan is a headache for family-run businesses. While there are many reasons to explain such reluctance, the deterioration in the business environment has been proven to be one of the main factors. 1.中国正面临着人口老龄化和低出生率这些发达国家拥有的问题:“面临着”可用face表示,“面临着…的问题”可译为face the problem of;“人口老龄化既可译为population ageing,也可译为an ageing population。“发达国家拥有的问题”可用the developed world's problem of表示。 2.创业的一代人正在老去，但他们很难说服自己的孩子来继承遗产,继续经营他们的企业:“老去”即“变老”，可译get older。“难
1. 山寨copycatting This Chinese term literally refers to the mountain strongholds of bandits. First borrowed to describe rip-off products, it has evolved to refer also to homemade products, such as video parodies of movies. 2. 囧be sunk/sunken This is an ancient Chinese character, pronounced "jiong". It means "light shining through a window". Young Chinese use it to express embarrassment, or a bad mood. Look at the character. Doesn't it look like a disappointed face? 3. 很黄很暴力very pornographic, very violent During a CCTV interview about a new Internet censorship regulation, a girl said that an uncensored Web page once popped up on her computer. She called it "very pornographic, very violent". Some believe the girl was told to say it by CCTV, so it is now used to mock the way the network covers news. 4. 槑nuts Pronounced méi, the word is a variant of the word for "梅". But it also looks like a double version of the character 呆(dai), which means stupid. So netizens have borrowed it to mean "very silly or very stupid". 5. 叉腰肌Psoas muscle Xie Yalong, the former head of the Chinese Football Association , once criticized women players, saying they have weak Psoas muscles. (This is the muscle that links the trunk to the legs; it's important for motion.) However, nobody, including the players, knew where the muscle is. This quote is now used to mock Xie, who was recently removed from his position. 6. 打酱油get some soy sauce When a person in Guangzhou was asked to give his opinion of the sex scandal involving Hong Kong star Edison Chen (Chen Guanxi), the man answered, "It is none of my business. I am just out to get some soy sauce." People have since begun using the words to mean "it's none of my business". 7. 泡良族pick-up artists This expression refers to men who seduce married women. 8. 凤凰男Phoenix man
翻译词汇分类 名胜古迹： 长城the Great Wall of China 烽火台beacon tower 秦士台皇陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 兵马俑Terracotta Warriors and Horses 大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda 丝绸之路the Silk Road 敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes 华清池Huaqing Hot Springs 五台山"Wutai Mountain 九华山Jiuhua Mountain 蛾眉山Mount Emei 泰山Mount Tai 黄山Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain 故宫the Imperial Palace 天坛the Temple of Heaven 午门Meridian Gate 大运河Grand Canal 护城河the Moat 回音壁Echo Wall 居庸关Juyongguan Pass 九龙壁the Nine Dragon Wall 黄帝陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi 十三陵the Ming Tombs 苏州园林Suzhou gardens 西湖West Lake 九寨沟Jiuzhaigou Valley 日月潭Sun Moon Lake 布达拉宫Potala Palace 鼓楼drum tower 四合院quadrangle; courtyard complex 孔庙Confucius Temple 乐山大佛Leshan Giant Buddha 十八罗汉the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha 喇嘛Lama 食品菜系 山东菜Shandong cuisine 川菜Sichuan cuisine 粤菜Canton cuisine 扬州菜Yangzhou cuisine 月饼moon cake 年糕rice cake 油条deep-fried dough sticks
2017英语四级翻译热点话题练习九 ? 英语四级翻译话题材料： 全球化是一种全球一体化(international integration)的进程。它发端于国际间视角、产品、理念以及其他文化领域的互换。全球化作为一种新的经济和社会发展趋势，给中国带来了机遇，也带来了挑战。一方面，中国正成为世界制造业中心并在国际舞台上发挥着日益重要的作用。另一方面，我们也面临着如何在全球化进程中既要发展经济，又要传承优秀文化传统的问题。 英语四级翻译参考翻译: Globalization is the process of internationalintegration. It originated from the exchange ofinternational views, products, ideas, and otheraspects of culture. As a new trend of economic andsocial development, globalization has presentedChina with both opportunities and challenges. On the one hand, China is becoming the center ofthe world manufacturing and playing an increasingly important role in the international arena.On the other hand, we are also confronted with the problem of how to inherit our excellentcultural traditions as well as develop our economy in the process of globalization. 注意事项： 1.它发端于国际间视角、产品、理念以及其他文化领域的互换:“发端于”可用 originate from表达;“国际间视角”可翻译为international view; “互换”可翻译为 exchange。 2.世界制造业中心:可翻译为the center of the world manufacturing。 3.我们也面临着如何在全球化进程中既要发展经济，又要传承优秀文化传统的问题:“面临”可译为be confronted with;“全球化进程中”可翻译为in the process of globalization;“传承优秀文化传统”可翻译为 inherit our excellent cultural traditions。
英语四级翻译常用词汇：123个中文高频成语翻译 Automation 1502 YuDeyu 一、复习建议： 1. 加强历史、文化、经济以及社会发展相关热词的积累 2. 广撒网，学习、揣摩这些话题相关的难点单句训练 做这些单句训练时，先阅读1遍整个段落，专门挑出自己觉得比较难翻的句子，然后重点练习这一句的翻译。难句会了，简单句自然不在话下。 在做单句翻译时，先尝试自己翻，翻完以后，对照答案，看解析，总结和揣摩其中好的 词汇和表达。下面请大家跟着教研君给出的常考单句示例，具体学习吧~ 1. 对于大多数年轻人来说，结婚意味着独立组建家庭，然而物价的不断上涨使这一切 变得越来越困难。 参考译文：For most young people, marriage means s etting up a family independently, which has become increasingly difficult because of the constantly rising prices. 词汇点评： 组建家庭：set up a family。有同学容易使用start a family。start a family表示begin to have children“开始生儿育女”。 越来越：一般看到“越来越”大家习惯译为more and more，比如“越来越多的人”more and more people，但译为 a growing number of people可令人眼前为之一亮；而表达“变 得越来越”的含义时，使用become increasingly的译法更好。 物价的不断上涨：constantly rising prices，而不是price rising。 表达点评： 本句是一个表转折关系的并列句，后半句中的“物价的不断上涨使这一切……”中的“这一切”指代前半句中提到的“结婚意味着独立组建家庭”，因此，用which引导的非限制性定语从句，让整个句子简洁明了。 使字句的翻译：“物价的不断上涨”是“这一切变得困难”的原因，因此处理为原因状 语，用because of…来带出原因。 2. 过去十年中国房地产（real estate）行业高速发展。 参考译文：The past decade has witnessed a high-speed development in China's real estate. 词汇点评： 十年：decade 高速发展：develop rapidly; high-speed development 表达点评：
2020年常用英语热点词汇 热点话题一：环境保护 基本词汇 pollute(污染); cut down trees(砍伐树木); waste water(废水); throw rubbish around(乱扔垃圾); protect the surroundings(保护周边环境); protect rare animals(保护稀有动物); improve the environment(改善环境); save energy(节省能源) 亮点词汇 do great harm to(给……带来很大危害) preserve/protect the ecological environment 保护生态环境 raise people’s awareness of environment protection 提高人们的环保意识 care for trees and plants 爱护树木花草 ride bicycles to work 骑自行车上班 recycle textbooks/trash 课本/垃圾回收利用 take public transport 乘坐公共交通
deal with rubbish properly 正确处理垃圾 save energy/water 节约能源/水 don’t litter/spit everywhere 不随地扔垃圾/吐痰sort the garbage 分类垃圾 ban abusing plastic bags 禁止滥用塑料袋 ban smoking in public places 禁止在公共场合吸烟 热点话题二和谐社会 基本词汇 harmonious(和谐的); honest(诚实的); credible (可信的); balanced(平衡的); social order(社会秩序); peaceful(和平的); sustainable development(可持续发展); help each other(互助); care for each other(互相关心); have a liking for (喜爱); build(创建); cherish(珍惜); public morals(社会道德) 亮点词汇
英语四级热点翻译40篇
这是给大家搜集的40篇各个领域的相关翻译内容，由于时间比较仓促，都是我自己一个一个敲进来的，所以可能会稍有些错误，请大家注意一下。Btw，翻译是没有正确答案的，只有参考答案，希望大家的侧重点在于这些不同的题材类 型，都能有所了解，能有所收获。 热点翻译1 中国的体育运动历经了几千年的发展。但是直到1949年中华人民共和国成立之后，体育运动才成为一项国家事业。中国发展体育运动的目的是：扩大体育宣传、增强人民体质（physique），提高整个国家的运动技能，创造新记录，来促进国家经济、道德和文化的发展。经过多年的努力，中国的体育运动取得了可喜的（gratifying）成绩。中国已经成为了一个体育强国，赢得了世界范围的尊重。 参考译文 China’s sports have undergone several thousand years of development. But not until 1949 when the People’s Republic of China was found were sports established as one of the state undertakings. The aim of developing physical culture and sports in China is to promote the country’s development in economy, ethnics and culture by popularizing sports among the people, strengthening their physique, improving the sporting skills of the country as a whole and
2019大学英语四级翻译中的中国特色词汇(1)一、汉语的那些秘密 小编啰嗦一句：汉语是世界上最美的文字，没有之一 汉字 Chinese character 单音节 single syllable 汉语四声调 the four tones of Chinese characters 阳平 level tone 阴平 rising tone 上声 falling-rising tone 去声 falling tone 五言绝句 five-character quatrain 七言律诗 seven-character octave 八股文 eight-part essay; stereotyped writing 二、课本中的四书五经你忘了嘛? 四书五经 The Four Books and The Five Classics 1、四书 the Four Books 《大学》 The Great Learning 《中庸》 The Doctrine of the Mean 《论语》 The Analects of Confucius 《孟子》 The Mencius/The Works of Mencius
2、五经 The Five Classics 《春秋》 the Spring and Autumn Annals 《诗经》 The Books of Songs;The Book of Odes 《易经》(《周易》) I Ching; The Book of Changes 《礼记》 The Book of Rites 《尚书》 (《书经》) The Books of History
2017英语四级翻译热点话题练习十 ? 英语四级翻译话题材料： 中国是全球的煤炭生产国和消费国。煤炭占中国能源消费(energy consumption)的很大一部分。在未来，煤炭在中国总体能源消费中所占的份额 将有所减少。但煤炭消费仍将继续呈绝对上升态势。中国今天面临着严峻的环 境问题，而煤炭在造成空气污染方面起了很大作用。尽管中国的煤炭资源很丰富，但是我们应该开始寻找替代资源(substitute resources)。这样不仅能造福环境，从长远看也会换来经济回报。 英语四级翻译参考翻译: China is the largest producer and consumer of coal inthe world.Coal takes up a huge part of China’senergy consumption.In the future, coal’s share ofChina’s overall energy consumption willdecrease.However, coal consumption will continue torise in absolute terms.China faces serious environmental issues today.Coal play a big part incausing air pollution.Although coal resource in China is abundant, should start looking for thesubstitute resources.It can not only benefit environment, but will also bring economic payoffin the long run. 注意事项： 1.煤炭占中国能源消费的很大一部分:“占”即“占据”，可译为take up; “能源消费”可译为 energy consumption。 2.但煤炭消费仍将继续呈绝对上升态势:“呈绝对上升态势”可翻译为 rise in absolute terms。 3.这样不仅能造福环境，从长远看也会换来经济回报:“不仅…也 not only...but also…来表达;“造福”可翻译为benefit;“经济回报”可翻译为economic payoff。
专题一中国节日及相关表达1.春节the Spring Festival / Chinese lunar Near Year农历正月初一the first day of the first lunar month农历lunar calendar年终大扫 除year-end household cleaning春联Spring Festival couplets 年 画New Year pictures 剪纸paper-cuts 团圆饭family reunion dinner饺子dumplings春 晚Spring Festival Gala守岁stay up late on the New Year’s Eve除 夕Eve of Chinese New Year辞旧迎新ring out the old year and ring in the new 拜年pay a New Year visit红包red packets 压岁钱lucky money 放爆竹let off firecrackers 庙会temple fair禁忌taboo2.元宵节Lantern Festival农历正月十 五15th day of the first lunar month元宵rice dumplings 花灯festival lantern 灯谜lantern riddle 灯会exhibit of lanterns 烟花fireworks3.端午节Dragon Boat Festival农历五月初五5th of the fifth lunar month 粽子traditional Chinese rice-pudding糯米sticky rice粽叶bamboo leaves舞龙dragon dance 舞狮lion dance踩高跷stilt walking赛龙舟dragon-boat racing 纪念in memory of 屈 原Qu Yuan 诗人poet 忠臣loyal minister4.清明节Tomb-sweeping Day 寒食节Cold Food Festival 祭拜祖先offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors 踏青go for a spring outing 5.中秋 节Mid-Autumn Day / Moon Festival农历八月十五15th of the eighth lunar month 月饼moon cake 赏月appreciate the glorious full moon中国神话故事Chinese mythology嫦娥the goddess of the moon后羿Houyi长生不老be immortal6.重阳节Double Ninth Day赏 菊admire the beauty of chrysanthemum 登高climb a height7.七夕 节Double Seventh Day/Chinese Valentine's Day银河the Milky Way鹊 桥bridge of magpies牛郎Cowherd织女the Weaving Maid王母娘娘the Queen of Heaven 乞巧praying-for-cleverness 女红needlework 专题二中国文化及相关表达1. 中国文化四大发 明the four great inventions of ancient China火药gunpowder印刷术printing造纸 术paper-making 指南针the compass文房四宝”Four Treasures of the Study 笔writing brush 墨ink stick 纸paper 砚ink slab 书法calligraphy 中国画traditional Chinese painting 水墨画Chinese brush painting 雕刻sculpture 泥人clay figure 武术martial arts 京剧Peking opera 昆曲Kunqu opera 相声cross talk 中药traditional Chinese medicine
今年考的三套翻译题均是跟中国的公共交通相关的内容，介绍了公交车、飞机、地铁服务的提升，以及市民生活水平的提高。展现了我国社会的发展和人民幸福水平的提升。 交通方式这一话题是考生日常所熟知的，也比较贴近考生的生活，词汇对于考生来说不是问题，“公交车”、“航空”等都是小学初中就接触到的词汇，但是需要考生去积累一些组合词汇，例如：“私家车private car”、“老年市民senior citizens”等。 对段落内容的理解也不是难事，毕竟交通方式是生活中老生常谈的话题，主要的难点在于一些固定的句式和搭配，例如“随着经济的发展和人民生活水平的提高”是考生耳熟能详的“万金油”句式。 诸如此类句式还有：“曾是……used to be…”、“越来越……more and more…”这些表达应该是考生在平时的学习中慢慢积累的。 此外，时态语态也是考生容易出错的点，由于汉语和英语表达习惯的不同，汉语中不常用被动，或者即使表达被动的意思也不会体现在句式上，例如：“公交车设施不断更新”，从字面并没有任何提示是被动，但语义的理解却带有被动的含义，翻译成英语时一定要体现出“be+过去分词”的结构。 又如“许多城市……一直努力……”,需要判断，这个动作发生在过去的某个时间节点，一直持续，并还可能持续下去，最后确定此处应选用现在完成进行时，在平时的学习中，应理解每种时态对应的情况，才能更加贴切地表达出原文所要传达的意思 句子的语序调整仍值得考生注意。时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、目的状语和方式状语仍然是重要的考点，一般情况下都要后置。 其次是句型的变化。注意运用被动语态(从中英文语用习惯以及动词发出者的逻辑主语去改句子)、插入语(例如，“包括许多农民和外出务工人员”)、there be 句型(非人主语+有/存在。例如，中国有越来越多的城市开始建设地铁)和It为形式主语的句子(例如，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的)进行改句，防止句式单一。 过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。 In the past, travelling by airplane was unimaginable for most Chinese.
2017英语四级翻译热点话题练习三 ? 英语四级翻译话题材料： 请将下面这段话翻译成英文： 中国正面临着人口老龄化和低出生率这些发达国家拥有的问题。在商业领域这些问题则显得更加紧迫。创业的一代人正在老去，但他们很难说服自己的孩子来继承遗产，继续经营他们的企业。对家族企业来说，落实一个清晰有效的继任计划(succession plan)是一个令人头痛的问题。虽然有很多原因可以解释这种不情愿继任的情况，但商业环境的恶化(deterioration)已被证明是主要因素之一。 英语四级翻译参考译文: China is facing the developed world's problems of an ageing population and low birth rate.These problems have taken on even more urgency in the business community.The founding generation is getting older but having great difficulty persuading their children to carry on their legacy and keep their business running.Putting in place a clear and effective succession plan is a headache for family-run businesses.While there are many reasons to explain such reluctance,the deterioration in the business environment has been proven to be one of the main factors. 1.中国正面临着人口老龄化和低出生率这些发达国家拥有的问题:“面临着”可用face表示,“面临着…的问题”可译为facethe problem of;“人口老龄化既可译为populationageing,也可译为an ageing population。“发达国家拥有的问题”可用the developed world's problem of表示。 2.创业的一代人正在老去，但他们很难说服自己的孩子来继承遗产,继续经营他们的企业:“老去”即“变老”，可译getolder。“难以做某事”可用固定表达方式have difficulty (in) doing sth来表示，“很难说服自己的孩子”，可译为have great difficulty persuading their children。“继续经营他们的企业也就是使他们的企业可以继续经营下去”，故可译keep their business running。 3.对家族业来说，落实一个清晰有效的继任计划是一个令人头痛的问题:“家族企业”可译为family-runbusiness,“国有企业”则为state-run business。
英语四级翻译常考词汇 一个中国原则the one-China principle 与时俱进keep pace with the times 综合国力overall national strength 共同愿望common desire “走出去”(战略)going global 不结盟non-alignment 单边主义unilateralism 多边政策multilateralism 多极世界multipolar world 人口老龄化aging of population 人口出生率birth rate 社区月服务community service 道德法庭court of ethics 盗用公款embezzlement 总需求aggregate demand 总供给aggregate supply 企业文化corporate/entrepreneurial culture 企业形象corporate image (Cl); enterprise image 跨国公司cross-national corporation 创业精神enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 外资企业foreign-funded enterprise
猎头公司head-hunter 假日经济holiday economy 人力资本human capital 航空和航天工业aerospace industry 飞机制造工业aircraft industry 电子工业electronic industry 汽车制造工业car industry 娱乐业entertainment industry 信息产业information industry 知识密集型产业knowledge-intensive industry 国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业light industry 博彩业lottery industry 制造业manufacturing industry 垄断行业monopoly industries 市场多元化market diversification 市场经济market economy 市场监管market supervision 购买力purchasing power 熊市bear market 牛市bull market
２ ０３ 样 卷 ９．全国大学英语四级考试翻译评分样卷 据报道,今年中国快递服务(c o u r i e r s e r v i c e s )将递送大约１２０亿件包裹.这将使中国有可能超越美国成为世界上最大的快递市场.大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品.中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会.仅在１１月１１日,中国消费者就从国内最大的购物平台购买了价值９０亿美元的商品.中国有不少这样的特殊购物日.因此,快递业在中国扩展就不足为奇了. ?参考译文? I t i s r e p o r t e d t h a t C h i n e s e c o u r i e r s e r v i c e sw i l l d e l i v e r a b o u t １２b i l l i o n p a r c e l s t h i s y e a r ．T h i sw i l l e n a b l eC h i n a t o o v e r t a k e t h eU Sa n db e c o m e t h ew o r l d s b i g g e s t d e l i v e r y m a r k e t ．T h em a j o r i t y o f c o u r i e r p a c k a g e s c o n t a i n i t e m s o r d e r e d o n l i n e ．C h i n a g i v e sm i l l i o n s o f o n l i n e r e t a i l e r s t h e o p p o r t u n i t y t o s e l l g o o d s a t h i g h l y c o m p e t i t i v e p r i c e s ．O n１１N o v e m b e r a l o n e ,C h i n e s e c o n s u m e r s b o u g h t ?９b i l l i o nw o r t ho f p r o d u c t so nt h ec o u n t r y sb i g g e s t s h o p p i n g p l a t f o r m．C h i n a h a sm a n y s p e c i a l s h o p p i n g h o l i d a y s l i k e t h i s ．S o ,i t s n o s u r p r i s e t h e c o u r i e r i n d u s t r y i s e x p a n d i n g i nC h i n a ． １４p o i n t s I t i s r e p o r t e dt h a t t h ec o u r i e r s e r v i c e s i nC h i n aw i l l d e l i v e ra b o u t １２b i l l i o n p i e c e so f p a c k a g e ,w h i c h i n d i c a t e s t h a t C h i n am a y s u r p a s s t h eU．S ．t ob e c o m e t h e l a r g e s tm a r k e t f o r c o u r i e rs e r v i c e s ．M o s t p a c k a g e sc o n t a i n p r o d u c t so r d e r e df r o m t h eI n t e r n e t ．C h i n a h a s p r o v i d e dm i l l i o n s o f o n l i n e r e t a i l e r sw i t h o p p o r t u n i t i e s t o s e l l t h e i r p r o d u c t s a t a ne x t r e m e l y c o m p e t i t i v e p r i c e ．O nN o v e m b e r １１t h a l o n e ,C h i n e s e c o n s u m e r s h a v e p u r c h a s e d p r o d u c t s t h a t v a l u e du p t o ９b i l l i o nd o l l a r s f r o mt h e l a r g e s t s h o p p i n gp l a t f o r mi n t h e c o u n t r y ．S i n c e t h e r e a r e q u i t eaf e w s p e c i a ls h o p p i n g f e s t i v a l si n C h i n a ,i t i sn o t p a r t i c u l a r l y s u r p r i s i n g t h a t c o u r i e r s e r v i c e s h a v e e x p a n d e d r a p i d l y i nC h i n a ． １１p o i n t s I t i s r e p o r t e d t h a t C h i n e s e c o u r i e r s e r v i c e sw i l l s e n d a b o u t １２b i l l i o n p a c k a g e s t h i s y e a r ,w h i c hm a y m a k eC h i n ab e c o m et h eb i g g e s tc o u r i e r m a r k e ti nt h e w o r l di nt h e p l a c eo f A m e r i c a ．M o s t o f t h e p a c k a g e s c a r r y t h e i t e m s b o u g h t o n t h e I n t e r n e t ．C h i n a g i v e sm i l l i o n s o f r e t a i l e r s o n l i n e t h e o p p o r t u n i t i e s t o s e l l p r o d u c t s i n e x t r e m e l y c o m p e t i t i v e p r i c e s ．O n l y o n N o v e m b e r １１t h ,C h i n e s e c o n s u m e r s b o u g h t p r o d u c t s v a l u e d ９b i l l i o nd o l l a r s f r o mt h e b i g g e s t s h o p p i n gp l a t f o r mi nC h i n a ．T h e r e a r em a n y s p e c i a l s h o p p i n g d a y s i nC h i n a ．T h e r e f o r e ,i t i s n o t s t r a n g e t h a t c o u r i e r s e r v i c e s h a v eb e e nd e v e l o p i n g f a s t i nC h i n a ．