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部分同义词总结

部分同义词总结
部分同义词总结

difficult,hard,arduous这三个形容词的词义很接近,都有“困难的”意思。

difficult所表示的“困难的”,含义是“克服某种障碍需要特别的技能、才智、知识或勇气”,此外,也常常用于表示难以应付或难以对付

As usual, the police will have a difficult time.

和往常一样,警察的日子将不好过。

The Hatfield Puffin is a modern aeroplane, but its designer, Mr. John Wimpenny, is finding it difficult to get it off the ground.

哈特费尔德·普芬是一架时髦的飞机,但设计这架飞机的人约翰·温佩尼先生感到很难使它飞离地面。

He was a difficult man to deal with.

他是个很难对付的人。

hard是个最普通的词,是easy的反义词,有时它还可以表示“艰难的”

This book is too hard for children.

这本书儿童读太难了。

Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success.

当弗兰克回想起他早年的艰苦岁月和成功的漫长道路时,他微笑了。

He was sentenced to two years' hard labour.

他被判处两年的苦役。

arduous 所表示的“困难的”强调某件事特别需要气力或坚韧不拔的毅力。某项任务我们可能发觉很难,要解决它就必须有专门的知识和特殊的技能,但未必要花很大的气力,这时用difficult 便很适当,用arduous 则不当。登山运动当然需要技术,但主要的还是气力和坚韧不拔的意志,这时用arduous最恰当。

Those who seek it, undertake an arduous journey and can never be sure that they will find it.

寻求正义的人历尽艰辛,也决不能肯定他们就能找到正义。

limit,restrict,confine这三个动词的一般含义为“限制”或“局限”。

limit指时、空、程度、量等方面的“限定”,其内涵是如果超出了这种限度就会受罚或遭到令人不快的后果;此外,这个词也常用来表示“局限”

This driver received a ticket because he failed to limit his speed while driving in heavy traffic.

那位司机收到了一个违章通知单,因为他在车辆多的地方没能限制开车速度。

I limited myself to two modest ambitions. to do physical exercises every morning and to read more every evening.

我把自己的决心限制于两项小小的抱负:即每天早晨做体操,常在晚上多读一点书。

He seems to have only a limited intelligence.

似乎他的智力有限。

We must limit our expense to what we can afford.

我们必须不使开支超出我们的支付能力

restrict 区别于limit 的地方在于,restrict“限制”的是范围,而limit 侧重于表示“限制”到某个点

In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the Press are rightly condemned.

在民主的国家里,限制新闻自由的任何努力都要受到公正的遣责。

The trees restrict our view.

这些树局限了我们的视野。

confine具有limit 和restrict 两者的含义,但confine 的内涵是“约束”或“束缚”

He is confined to the house by illness.

他因病闭门不出。

The professor confined his remarks to scientific management.

那位教授把自己的讲话局限在科学管理方面。

limit 亦为名词。如:Didn't you see the speed limit? confine 亦可用作名词

It did not, however, remain whithin the confines of his estate.

然而,这种疾病并未被局限在他的庄园范围之内。

remark and state

remark 所表示的“说话”含有评论性的意思。例如,在学生的演讲比赛结束时,班长请在场的师长讲讲话,这种讲话是remark而不是任何其他的词

But this does not matter, for, as he often remarked, one is never too old to learn.

但是这不要紧,因为,正如他一向所说的那样,一个人要活到老学到老。

It is rude to remark upon the appearance of other people.

对别人评头论足是粗鲁的。

…but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was shouting rude remarks and waving a red cap. 但是它(公牛)突然看到了那个醉汉,他正大声地说些粗鲁的评论话,而且挥舞着一顶红色的帽子。

state 的含义是把某件事情详细地陈述出来,这样的陈述不仅阐明事情的性质,而且还包含着阐述这种事情是有一定的目的

The busmen have stated that the strike will continue until general agreement is reached about pay and working conditions.

公共汽车司机们声明,罢工将继续下去,直到达成关于工资和工作条件的总的协议为止。He stated his views on the question at the meeting.

他在会上阐明了自己对这个问题的看法。

They have made a solemn statement that their internal affairs are not to be interfered in.

他们已经发表了庄严的声明,他们的国内事物是不容干涉的。

单音词,复音词,同义词

古漢語通論(三) 單音詞,複音詞,同義詞 我們研究古代漢語的時候,需要了解單音詞和複音詞的關係,複音詞和同義詞的關係,因為這有助於我們更徹底地了解古代漢語。 我們隨便把一篇古文翻譯成為現代漢語,就會發現譯文比原文長了許多。這主要是因為古代漢語的詞彙以單音詞為主,而現代漢語的詞彙以複音詞(主要是雙音詞)為主。例如“蹇叔之子與師”(《左傳》僖公三十二年)這一個句子中,“子”字在現代一般總說成“兒子”,“與師”更非譯成兩個複音詞“參加軍隊”不可。 古代單音詞和現代複音詞的對比,主要有三種情況:第一種情況是換了完全不同的詞,例如“與”變成“參加”,“師”變成“軍隊”;第二種情況是加上詞尾詞頭,如“虎”變成“老虎”,“杯”變成“杯子”,“石”變成“石頭”;第三種情況是利用兩個同義詞作為詞素,構成一個複音詞,例如“兒”和“子”是同義詞,合起來成為複音詞“兒子”。 最值得注意的是第三種情況。有許多古代的單音詞,作為詞來看,可以認為已經死去了;但是作為詞素來看,它們還留存在現代漢語裏。舉例來說,古代漢語有單音詞“慮”字。《論語·衛靈公》:“人無遠慮,必有近憂”;《詩經·小雅·無雨》:“弗慮弗圖”。但是,在現代漢語裏,“慮”字只作為詞素留存在“顧慮”、“考慮”等雙音詞裏,或者只出現在“深謀遠慮”,“深思熟慮”等成語裏,而不能作為單詞自由運用了。 漢語大部分的雙音詞都是經過同義詞臨時組合的階段的。這就是說,在最初的時候,只是兩個同義詞的並列,還沒有凝結成為一個整體,一個單詞。這可以從兩方面證明:第一,最初某些同義詞的組合沒有固定的形式,幾個同義詞可以自由組合,甚至可以顛倒。例如“險”“阻”“隘”(注:“隘”單用時,是狹的意思,同“險”“阻”的區别較大。)是同義詞,在上古常常單用,又可以互相組合。《左傳》僖公二十二年,既有“隘而不列”,“阻而鼓之”,又有“不以阻隘也”,“阻隘可也”。後兩句“阻”和“隘”雖然連在一起,但顯然還是兩個詞。在《史記·孫子吳起列傳》中有:“馬陵道陝(狹),而旁多阻隘”,“阻”和“隘”組合得緊一些。又《史記·淮陰侯列傳》:“恐吾至阻險而還”,是“阻”和“險”相結合。同時我們還可以看到,《左傳》成公十三年有“險阻”(逾越險阻),《離騷》中有“險隘”(路幽昧以險隘)。這說明三個同義詞組合時,各自的獨立性還很強,沒有組成新的單一的詞,還是自由組合的情況。第二,古人對於這一類同義詞,常常加以區别。例如“婚姻”很早就

近义词汇总1

1、委曲:(1)曲折,如”河流~” (2)事情的底细.委屈: 受到不应有做待遇而心里难过. 90 、无礼: 如“傲慢~” 、“怠慢~” 无理: 如“~取闹”、“~拖延” 、“~摧残” 2 、降伏: 使驯服.主语为使别人顺从的人.降服:驯服、投降。主语为屈服的人。 3、萧萧: 风声、马嘶声、草木摇落声.潇潇: 风雨急骤或飘落. 4、协调: 形容词侧重步调一致,有条不紊.还可以作动词用。谐调: 侧重比刚例匀称,常用于声音、颜色、气氛等。 5 、心律: 心脏跳动的节律,如心律不齐。心率: 心脏跳动的频率,如心率太快. 6、刑罚: 依照刑法对违法者施行的强制处分。刑法: 关于犯罪和刑罚的法律. 7 、学力: 在学问上达到的程’度.凡说“同等~ `~”一定是“学力”。学历: 学习经历,指持有何级学校的文凭. 8、迅急: 快而急迫.迅疾: 仅指速度快。 9、徇情: 为情自杀。殉情: 照顾私情而违反法律。 10、严整: 队伍严肃整齐,管理或书画布局严谨。严正:立场态度严肃正当。 11、扬扬: ~~得意、沸沸~~ 、纷纷~ ~ 、喜气~~ 洋洋: ~~得意-~~洒洒、~~大观、喜气~~ 。 12、意气:(1)意志气概,如~~风发(2)志趣性格,如~~相投(3)主观情绪,如~用事义气:指主持公道或忠于朋友的感情,如“重义

气”。 13、篡改:用作伪的手段改动或曲解。如:日本~教科书的行为,引起了周边国家的愤怒。窜改:改动文字。如:不要随意~古人的诗句。 14、反映:(1)反照,把客观事物的实质表现出来。如:这本小说真实地~了现实生活。(2)把客观情况或意见告诉上级有关部门。如:把情况向上边~。反应:(1)事件引起的意见、态度、行动。如:听了这次报告,你有什么~?(2)一些物理或化学变化。如:发生热核~。 15、过度:超过适当的限度。如:~放牧是导致沙漠化的一个重要原因。过渡:由一个阶段逐渐发展转入另一阶段。如:由计划经济向市场经济~。 16、沟通:使双方能通连,一般指情感或物质等。如:~两国的文化。勾通:暗中串通,勾结。如:他与不法分子~大肆侵吞国家财产。17、过度:形容词,过分。过渡:发展变化到另一阶段。

雅思阅读同义词替换总结

名师:雅思阅读同义词替换(一) 1. important =crucial (extremelyimportant),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important) https://www.doczj.com/doc/413319629.html,mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere) 3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants) 4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly) 5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.) 6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent) 7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL) 8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail) 9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people) 10.top=peak, summit https://www.doczj.com/doc/413319629.html,petitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics) 12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable) 13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)

高考英语常用同义词辨析汇总

高考英语常用同义词辨析汇总 1. a good/great many(of)/a number of/a large quantity of/plenty of/a large amount of/a great deal of 2. a number of/numbers of/the number of. . . 3. abandon/desert

4. abolish/cancel 5. above all/first of all/at first 6. accuse/charge/blame/scold

7. acquire/obtain/gain/win/earn 8. adjust/adapt 9. adopt/adapt 10. agreement/contract/bargain

11. also/too/either/as well/besides/moreover 12. anxious/eager/keen 13. apart from/except/except for/except that/besides

14. argue/debate/discuss/quarrel 15. ashamed/shameful/shame 16. at ease/with ease

17. attempt/try/manage 18. attend/join/join in/take part in/participate in 19. average/common/ordinary/general/usual

英语同义词近义词总结辨析2

break, burst, crack, crush, fracture, shatter, smash 这些动词均含"打破,弄碎"之意。 break 常用词,含义广泛,多指猛然用力将坚硬物打破或损坏。 burst 指某物因内部外部压力过大而出现严重破裂、爆开或账破。 crack 多指因长期使用或经受压力,物体表现呈现裂纹、裂口或破裂、裂开,但一般没成碎片。 crush 指用力把东西压破或变形。 fracture 比crack的破裂程度更深更严重,常指断裂,医学上指骨折。 shatter 指破裂为许多支离破碎的碎片,多用指易碎事物。 smash 指突然而猛烈地重击某物,使之破碎或完全变形。 arrest, capture, catch, seize, trap 这些动词均有"抓住,捕捉"之意。 arrest 指根据法律或命令进行逮捕并予以监禁或拘留。 capture 指通过武力或计谋等,战胜抵抗而捉住敌人或动物。 catch 普通用词,指捉住跑动或隐藏中的人或动物,一般指活捉。 seize 侧重指以突然、有力地动作迅速抓住或捉住。 trap 多指诱捕。 take, grasp, grab, grip, clasp, clutch, snatch, seize 这些动词均有"抓住,握紧"之意。 take 最普通用词,不带感情色彩。指用手抓、取某东西或控制某物。 grasp 指紧紧抓住、抓牢。 grab 指粗暴而急迫的抓住。 grip 语气比grasp强,指用手的最大力量紧紧抓住。 clasp 指用手紧握或用臂紧抱。 clutch 强调匆忙、紧急地抓、抓紧。 snatch 指突然抢走,侧重动作更快或更具暴力性质。 seize 指突然抓住某物,强调突然的猛烈动作。 basic, essential, fundamental, radical, vital 这些形容词均有"基本的,基础的"之意。 basic 普通用词,指明确、具体的基础或起点。 essential 语气比basic和fundamental强,强调必不可少,暗含某物如缺少某部分,则失去本质特征的意味。 fundamental 书面用词,不如basic使用广泛,侧重指作为基础、根本的抽象的事物。radical 着重指事物的根本或其来源。 vital 正式用词,侧重指维持生命、活力必不可少的,或生死攸关的。 almost, nearly, about, approximately, around, roughly 这些副词均有"大约,差不多"之意。almost 指在程度上相差很小,差不多。 nearly almost含义基本相同,侧重指数量、时间或空间上的接近。 about 常可分almost和nearly换用,但about用于表示时间、数量的"大约"时,实际数量可能多也可能少。 approximately 多用于书面语,指精确度接近某个标准以致误差可忽略不计。 around 多用于非正式场合,常见于美国英语。 roughly 指按精略估计,常代替about。

单音词、复音词和同义词

单音词、复音词和同义词 【教学大纲】古代汉语是以单音词为主,现代汉语是以双音词为主,故不可将古代汉语中的单音词误认为双音词中的一个词素。复音词中要注意偏义复词和单纯联绵词。要注意辨析古汉语中的同义词,可以从含义差别、使用范围、使用条件等方面辨析。要求学生掌握古代汉语单音词、复音词、同义词的特点,以提高阅读古文的水平。 一、字和词的区别。 用现代语言学的观点来看,字是书写符号,是组成词的要素,而 词则是最小的能够独立活动的有意义成分,两者之间不能划等号。 在古汉语中,有些字的本身就是词,如“上” “天”“香”“祸” “山”“牛”“热”“乐”等,因为它们都具有作为一个词的条件:是 最小的成分,都有意义,都能独立活动。有些字本身不能成为词,必须与别的字结合在一起才能构成词,如“葡萄” “苜蓿”“蟋蟀”等连 绵词。有些字在有的情况下是词,有的情况下仅仅是字,如“犹”和“豫”都是词。“犹”有“像 , 一样”的意思,“豫”有事先的意思,它们都能够独立运用,具备词的条件,但在“犹豫”一词里,它们各自不能独立活动,不表示任何意义,仅仅起记录音节的作用。 二、单音词概说 (一)概念

由一个音节构成的词称为单音词,一般是用一个字记录,如“学”“而”“时”“习”等。 (二)古代汉语词汇中,单音词占着绝对的优势 1.古代汉语的词汇以单音词为主,而现代汉语的词汇以复音词为 主。 例一: 韩厥梦子与谓己曰:“旦辟左右。”故中御而从齐侯。邴夏曰:“射其御者,君子也。”公曰:“谓之君子而射之,非礼也。”射其左,越于车下;射其右,毙于车中。綦毋张丧车,从韩厥曰:“请寓乘。”从左右,皆肘之,使立于后。韩厥俛定其右。 《齐晋鞌 之战》(教材 32 页) 这段文字共计83 个字, 73 个词,其中单音词64 个,复音词 9个,分别是韩厥 3 次、子与 1 次、齐侯 1 次、邴夏 1 次、綦毋张 1 次、 君子 2 次,复音词占 88%。 例二: 秦国轻而无礼必败。 这句话译为现代汉语为“秦国军队轻浮而且没有礼节必定失败” ,字数增加 1 倍。 从以上两例可以看出,古代汉语的词汇以单音词为主,而现代汉 语的词汇以复音词为主。 2.古汉语词汇中单音词占绝对的优势,并不是偶然的,而是有着深刻

常见同义词近义词

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solve,tackle,combat,address,resovle,cope with,settle 11.导致,引发,引起 give rise to,trigger,spark,lead to,bring about,result in, 12.建议,提议 suggest,recommend,urge,propose,advise,put forward, 13.阻止,阻碍,限制 prevcnt, deter,jeopardize,restrain,confine (to),restrict,refrain,limit 14.影响 have effect on, affect,influence,have an impact on,sway 15.增长,发展,提高 increase,rise,develop,enhance,improve,advance,upgrade,raise,facilita te,boost,promote 16.下降,减少 decrease,decline,fall,drop,slump 17.实现,完成 fulfil,realize,achieve,accomplish,attain 18.提供,给予 supply,provide,perform…for,offer,yield 19.占。。。(百分比) take up,amount to,account for,reach 20.适应

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常见同义词替换

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英语作文常见同义词总结

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雅思阅读常见近义词汇总

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