第30卷第3期2017年3月传感技术学报
CHINESE JOURNAL OF SENSORS AND ACTUATORS Vol．30一No．3Mar.2017
项目来源:国家自然科学基金项目(71373123);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重点项目(2015ZDIXM007);南京航空航天大学基
本科研业务费重大项目(NP201630X)
收稿日期:2016-08-17一一修改日期:2016-11-19
Precise Positioning Method with Hybrid RSS and AOA
Measurements in 3-D WSN Space ?
Changhong Yan 1,2?,Jing Ma 1
(1.College of Economics and Management ,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics ,Nanjing 210016,China ;2.School of Information Engineering ,Yancheng Institute of Technology ,Yancheng Jiangsu 224000,China )Abstract :It is more difficult for the 3-D WSN space localization compared with 2-D plane due to the addition of the position coordinate parameters.The method to locate a sensor node will make the increasing of positioning uncer-tainty by the single received signal strength(RSS),and the position error is also big.The emergence of new array and smart antenna provides the convenience of the arrival of angle(AOA)measurements,so a precise positioning method is proposed by using the hybrid RSS and AOA measurements in 3-D WSN space.The built nonlinear optimi-zation model using the hybrid measurements is converted into the linear equations,then the unconstrained linear least squares(ULLS)and constrained linear least squares(CLLS)methods are put forward for the estimation of the node position coordinates.The simulations show that the ULLS and CLLS run fast and the positioning error of CLLS is less than that of ULLS due to the constraint condition.In a small range of measurement noise,the estimation methods of ULLS and CLLS have high stability and positioning accuracy.Key words :wireless sensor networks;localization;received signal strength;arrival of angle;linear least squares EEACC :6150;7110;5210一一一一doi :10.3969/j.issn.1004-1699.2017.03.019
三维传感网空间RSS 与AOA 混合测量的
精确定位方法?
严长虹1,2?,马一静1
(1.南京航天航空大学经济管理学院,南京210016;2.盐城工学院信息学院,江苏盐城224000;)摘一要:由于位置坐标参数的增加,三维传感网空间的定位难度较二维平面有所增大三单一的依靠接收信号强度(RSS)确定节点位置坐标的方法将使定位的不确定性增加,定位误差也较大三新型的阵列与智能天线的出现为节点间的到达角度(AOA)测量提供了方便,为此本文提出了一种三维传感网空间RSS 与AOA 混合测量的精确定位方法三将采用混合测量建立的非线性优化模型转化为线性方程,分别提出了节点位置坐标估计的非约束线性最小二乘(ULLS)及约束线性最小二乘(CLLS)方法三仿真测试了所设计算法的有效性,分析了不同测量噪声对位置坐标估计误差的影响三仿真表明所设计的ULLS 和CLLS 方法的计算速度快,相比于ULLS 方法,采用约束后的CLLS 方法的定位误差更小三在较小测量噪声范围内,ULLS 和CLLS 估计方法具有较高的稳定性和定位精度三关键词:传感网;定位;接收信号强度;到达角度;线性最小二乘
中图分类号:TP393.0一一一一文献标识码:A一一一一文章编号:1004-1699(2017)03-0450-06
一一无线传感器网络(简称传感网)近来已被大量应用于各种各样的环境监测场所,其中传感网的定
位技术已成为其应用推广的关键因素[1-2]三传统的GPS 系统由于能耗与价格高二体积大等众多缺陷难以适用于传感网定位三为适应传感网定位低成本的
要求,更多的定位方法关注于传感网的节点射频(RF)与无线通信功能三利用节点间的无线射频通信特点,开发性能优越的节点定位技术已成为传感网定位内容的研究热点三建立于节点间的射频通信功能基础上,已有大量的研究关注于如何开发有效的传感网定位技术三通常来说,在传感网定位技术中,为估计未知位置坐万方数据