2014年全国高考英语试题分类汇编 虚拟语气 情态动词(含解析)

第七讲情态动词和虚拟语气Ⅰ.完成句子1．(2013·湖北省部分重点中学高三下学期联考)He______________________then to be turned down when applying for the position.(annoy)他申请这个职位时被拒绝了，当时一定很恼火。

答案：must have been very annoyed2．(2013·湖北省七市联考)Tom______________________basketball now.I saw him cleaning the classroom just a moment ago.(play)汤姆现在肯定不在打篮球。

就在刚才我还看见他在打扫教室。

答案：can’t be playing3．(2012·鄂州高三模拟)—You look sleepy，Tom.—I’m sorry，Sir.I________________________last night.(stay)——汤姆，你看起来困了。

——对不起，先生。

我昨晚不该熬夜。

答案：shouldn’t have stayed up (late)4．(2013·湖北八校第二次联考)If____________I would meet such a big trouble earlier，I might not live here now.(know)如果我早一点儿知道我会遇到这么大的麻烦，我可能现在就不会住在这里了。

答案：I had known5．(2013·湖北八市3月调研)He is tired of dealing with the complaints of customers.More than once he has told me his desire that________________________to do another job of the department.(appoint)他厌倦了应对顾客的投诉。

专题08 虚拟语气与情态动词情态动词用来表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气，在情景交际和虚拟语气中得到广泛使用。

情态动词为中学英语考试大纲要求内容，并且是高考内容中的难点之一。

其主要考点主要集中在情态动词的根本意义与“情态动词＋have done〞结构的用法。

热点题型一情态动词的根本用法例1、(2015·高考卷，T29)—Can’t you stay a little longer?—It’s getting late.I really ________ go now.My daughte r is home alone.A．may B．canC．must D．dare【答案】C【提分秘籍】1．can和could的用法(1)表示“能力〞。

(2)表示理论上的可能性，“有时候可能会〞，用于肯定句中。

(3)表示礼貌地请求，意为“能，可以〞。

could可代替can,表示委婉的语气。

(4)cannot...too/enough表示“无论……也不过分〞；“越……越好……〞。

No one can be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.在打篮球方面，无人能与姚明相媲美。

It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it can berather cold sometimes.我的家乡三月份通常很暖和，但有时候也会相当冷。

You can’t be too careful while driving.开车时越小心越好。

—Could I use your bike tomorrow?——明天我可以用一下你的自行车吗？—Yes，you ca n./No，I’m afra id not.——是的，你可以。

/不，恐怕不行。

2．may和might的用法(1)表示允许、许可、请求，might比may的语气更委婉。

当may用于疑问句时，其否认回答：No，...mustn’t。

情态动词与虚拟语气情态动词是各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。

考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。

试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。

而虚拟语气的试题偏少，有些省份已将虚拟语气列为不考的项目。

1．(2013·北京，35)—You needn't take an umbrella.It isn't going to rain.—Well, I don't know.It________do. A．might B．need C．would D．should解析　考查情态动词。

第一个人说不会下雨，第二个人回答I don't know，因此可知，到底下不下雨是不能肯定的事情，故使用might表推测“有可能”。

答案　A2．(2013·辽宁，31)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He________too much at the party last night.A．could drink B．should drinkC．would have drunk D．must have drunk解析　考查情态动词。

此处考查情态动词对过去发生事情的推测。

句意：Harry感觉不舒服。

昨晚的聚会上他肯定喝得不少。

对过去发生事情的肯定推测，用must have done，故选D。

答案　D3．(2013·四川，5)—Why are your eyes so red？You________have slept well last night.—Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．won't解析　考查情态动词。

2021年（高|考）题1.【2021·北京】31. I love the weekend, because I ________ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A. needn ,tB. mustn ,tC.wouldn ,tD. shouldn ,t2.【2021·北京】34. Why didn ,t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________ me, I could have helped.A. toldB. had toldC. were to tellD. would tell3.【2021·江苏】27.If it for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.A. had not beenB. should not beC. were not to beD. should not have been4.【2021·天津】5. It was really annoying; I _____ get access to the data bank you had recommended.A. wouldn ,tB. couldn ,tC. shouldn ,tD. needn ,t5.【2021·天津】15. I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn ,t been wearing one, I ____.A. were injuredB. would be injuredC. had been injuredD. would have been injured6.【2021·浙江】15. Had the governments and scientists not worked together , AIDS -related deaths _______ since their highest in 2005.A. had not fallenB. would not fallC. did not fallD. would not have fallen7.【2021·浙江】17. George _________ too far . His coff ee is still warm .A. must have goneB. might have goneC. can't have goneD. needn't have gone2021年（高|考）题1.【2021·北京】29．-Can ,t you stay a little longer?-It ,s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.A .mayB .canC . mustD .dare2.【2021·北京】34. If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn ,t have believed it.A . didn ,t see B. weren ,t seeing C. wouldn ,t see D. hadn ,t seen3.【2021·重庆】7.Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A.didn ,t writeB. hadn ,t writtenC. wouldn ,t writeD. wouldn ,t have written4.【2021·重庆】12. You ____ be Carol. You haven ,t changed a bit after all these years.A. mustB. canC. willD. shall5.【2021·浙江】4. It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.A. couldn ,tB. shouldn ,tC. mustn ,t D needn ,t6.【2021·天津】7. I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.7.【2021·天津】13. I wish I ______ at my sister ,s weddin g last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.A. will beB. would beC. have beenD. had been8.【2021·四川】2.You _____be careful with the camera. It costs!A .must B. may C. can D. will9.【2021·陕西】21. You feel all the training a waste of time, but I ,m a hundred percent sure later you ,ll be grateful you did it.A. shouldB. needC. shallD. may10.【2021·陕西】23.Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I as well as her.A. danceB. will danceC. had dancedD. danced11.【2021·福建】27. -Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.-Oh, it's too bad. You _________ have made full preparations.A.mustB. canC. wouldD. should12.【2021·江苏】28. It might have saved me some trouble ______ the schedule.A. did I knowB. have I knownC. do I knowD. had I knownA. hadB. had hadC. would haveD. would havehad专题06情态动词和虚拟语气1.【2021·全国大纲卷】30.Although you ______ find bargains in London, its not generally a cheap place to shop.A. shouldB. needC. mustD. can2.【2021·重庆卷】3. I ,ve ordered some pizza, so we _______ worry about cooking when we get home tired.A. can ,tB. dare notC. needn ,tD. may not3.【2021·重庆卷】10. - - - I spent two weeks in London last summer.- - - Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, _______ you?A. mustn ,tB. haven ,tC. didn ,tD. hadn ,tA. had doneB. have doneC. didD. am doing5.【2021·北京卷】34.We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn ,t lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be6.【2021·北京卷】_______ I have a word with you? It won ,t take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should7.【2021·江西卷】30. Life is unpredictable; even the poorest __become the richest.A. shallB. mustC. needD. mightA. mightB. mustC. wouldD. should9.【2021·福建卷】32.no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.there are D.If there have been10.【2021·江苏卷】31. It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.A. mightB. wouldC. shouldD. could11.【2021·陕西卷】25. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ________ have taken it?A. needB. mustC. shouldD. could12.【2021·安徽卷】30．People are recycling many things which they away in the past.A. had thrownB. will be throwingC. were throwingD. would have thrown13.【2021·湖南卷】If Mr. Dewey _____ present, he would have offered any possible assistance tothepeople there.A. wereB. had beenC. should beD. was14.【2021·湖南卷】25. - I ,ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.-Do you mean we_____ bring anything with us?A. can ,tB. mustn ,tC.shan ,tD. needn't15.【2021·浙江卷】16.They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigati on, or they _____ toour help.A. would have comeB. could comeC. have comeD. had come2021年（高|考）英语试题分类汇编1.【2021浙江】I ________ myself more -it was a perfect day.C. wouldn ,t have enjoyedD. c ouldn ,t have enjoyed2.[2021·陕西卷]The childrenlost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.A. must have gotB. must getC. should have gotD. should get3.[2021·重庆卷] -It rained cats and dogs this morning.I'm glad we took an umbrella.-Yeah, we would h ave got wet all over if we ________.A．hadn't B．haven't C．didn't D．don't4.[2021·重庆卷] -What are you doing this Saturday?-I'm not sure, but I ________ go to the Rolling Stones concert.A．must B．would C．should D．might5. [2021·天津卷] No one ________ be more generous; he has a heart of gold.A. couldB. must C．dare D．need6. [2021·课标全国卷Ⅱ] Since nobody gave him any help, he ________ have done the research on his own.A. canB. mustC. wouldD. need7. [2021·江西卷] 29 When I was a child, I ________ watch TV whenever I wanted to.A. shouldB. couldC. mustD. need8.[2021·四川卷] -Why are your eyes so red? You ________ have slept well last night.-Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.A. can'tB. mustn'tC. needn'tD. won't9.[2021·湖南卷] He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.A. wouldn'tB. shouldn'tC. couldn'tD. mustn't10. [2021·江苏] I should not have laughed if I ________ you were serious.A．thought B．would think C．had thought D．have thought11. [2021·福建卷] 30 -Do you think George has passed the driving test?-No. If so, he ________his car to our college yesterday.A. would driveB. droveC. would have drivenD. had driven12. [2021·北京卷] If we ________ a table earlier, we wouldn't be standing here in a queue.A. have bookedB. bookedC. bookD. had booked13. [2021·北京卷] 35 -You needn't take an umbrella. It isn't going to rain.-Well, I don't know. It ________do.A. mightB. needC. wouldD. should14. [2021·安徽卷] It ________ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you knowa lot of words.A．may B．couldn't C．should D．needn't15. [2021·安徽卷] I ________ to my cousin's birthday party last night, but I was not available.A．w ent B．had gone C．would go D．would have gone16. [2021·辽宁卷] Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He ________ too much at he party last night.A．could drink B．should drink C．would have drunk D．must have drunk学科网（高|考）一轮复习微课视频观看地址：。

语法专题七虚拟语气英语中有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。

虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。

考点一虚拟语气用于条件句中1．表示与现在事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时（be的过去式用were）；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could，might）＋动词原形。

If I were you，I would study hard.2．表示与过去事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用had＋过去分词；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could，might）＋have＋过去分词。

If he had taken my advice，he would have passed the test.3．表示与将来的事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时或should＋动词原形或were to＋动词原形；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could，might）＋动词原形。

If it were to rain tomorrow，they would not go to the cinema.注意：1）if条件句中只要用了过去的时态就说明该句要使用虚拟语气。

2）if条件句中只出现一个表示与将来事实相反的情态动词should。

3）含有if条件句的虚拟语气中，主句都要用情态动词，且都可理解为过去式。

考点二wish宾语从句中的虚拟语气用法在wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句中通常用虚拟语气。

从句中谓语动词的构成形式为：1．表示对现在情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）。

I wish it were spring now.2．表示对过去情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词常用had＋过去分词。

I wish he had come yesterday.3．表示对将来的主观愿望，从句中动词常用would/could/might＋动词原形。

加油！有志者事竟成答卷时应注意事项１、拿到试卷，要认真仔细的先填好自己的考生信息。

２、拿到试卷不要提笔就写，先大致的浏览一遍，有多少大题，每个大题里有几个小题，有什么题型，哪些容易，哪些难，做到心里有底；３、审题，每个题目都要多读几遍，不仅要读大题，还要读小题，不放过每一个字，遇到暂时弄不懂题意的题目，手指点读，多读几遍题目，就能理解题意了；容易混乱的地方也应该多读几遍，比如从小到大，从左到右这样的题；４、每个题目做完了以后，把自己的手从试卷上完全移开，好好的看看有没有被自己的手臂挡住而遗漏的题；试卷第１页和第２页上下衔接的地方一定要注意，仔细看看有没有遗漏的小题；５、中途遇到真的解决不了的难题，注意安排好时间，先把后面会做的做完，再来重新读题，结合平时课堂上所学的知识，解答难题；一定要镇定，不能因此慌了手脚，影响下面的答题；６、卷面要清洁，字迹要清工整，非常重要；７、做完的试卷要检查，这样可以发现刚才可能留下的错误或是可以检查是否有漏题，检查的时候，用手指点读题目，不要管自己的答案，重新分析题意，所有计算题重新计算，判断题重新判断，填空题重新填空，之后把检查的结果与先前做的结果进行对比分析。

亲爱的小朋友，你们好! 经过两个月的学习，你们一定有不小的收获吧，用你的自信和智慧，认真答题，相信你一定会闯关成功。

相信你是最棒的！1专题07情态动词和虚拟语气2023年2022-2021年1．【2021年天津卷第一次】It used to be that you___drive for miles here without seeing another person,but now there are houses and people everywhere.A．need B．should C．could D．must【答案】C【详解】考查情态动词。

句意：以前你可能在这里开了几英里，都没见过别人，但现在到处都是房子和人。

情态动词与虚拟语气一、知识储备2。

情态动词用法1. 独特用法• 2. 推测用法• 3. 虚拟用法（1）基本用法能力Can:（现在能力、过去能力、将来能力）理论上可能Can:（只适用于肯定句中，不宜用于否定句中）许可：肯定许可may, might, can, could,但是多用can或者be allowed to do 否定许可may not, might not, can’t, mustn’t建议和忠告：建议could, Shall I? Shall we? may(just) as well, might (just ) as well忠告 should, ought to, had better意图、意愿。

执意will请求Will you---? May I---? Could/ can I---? Could/ can you---?过去习惯做某事：would , used to ---特殊用法：should 表示竟然，万一Shall 分人称使用1.must 常用来表示必要性，意为“必须”⑴表示现在或将来必须做某事用“must + 动词原形”⑵表示现在或将来不必做某事时，用don’t have to do sth. 或 don’t need to do sth. 或 needn’t do sth⑶表示过去不必做某事时，分为以下几种情况：①过去没必要做某事但却做了，用needn’t have done sth.（虚拟语气用法）②过去没必要做某事但不涉及有没有做，用didn’t have to do sth. 或 didn’t need to do sth. 或 It was not necessary to do sth.mustn’t 表示禁止must 表示偏偏2.Should 也可以表示必要性，意为“（义务上）应该” should 表必要性时，在语气上比must 弱; 也可以表示竟然、万一这两个意思①Should + 动词原形，表示现在或者将来应该做的事情（的必要性）②Should + have + 过去分词，表示过去本该做某事（的必要性）（虚拟语气用法）3. 表能力（can, could, be able to, was/were able to, could have done）①表示现在的或者一般的能力 can或be able to②表示将来的能力 will be able to③表示过去的能力Could, was/ were able to 均可表示过去的一般能力，只表示有能力不表示是否有行动Was/were able to 还可强调过去有能力并且成功做了某事，相当于managed to do sth./ succeeded in doing sth.④理论上的可能性4. 其他考点(1) cannot but + do sth. 表示“不得不，只好”(2) may well 和 may as well(3)cannot(或never 等否定词)···enough/ too 表示“再······也不为过，越······越好”。

2014高考英语考前押题：虚拟语气一、表能力1． When I was a child, I ________ watch TV whenever I wanted to.A．should B．couldC．must D．need解析：选B 考查情态动词。

句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我什么时候想看电视就可以看。

根据题干中的whenever I wanted to可知，此空应填could，表示一般的能力，指想做就能做到。

2．)He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.A．wouldn't B．shouldn'tC．couldn't D．mustn't解析：选C 考查情态动词。

句意：尽管他想睡，但仍睡不着，(因为)当时他拼命想着一个主意，一直到想出来为止他才睡去。

此处couldn't表示“不可能”，符合句意。

3I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ________ find the money.A．can B．mightC．would D．need解析：选A 考查情态动词。

句意：如果我能弄到钱，我就和John一起去欧洲度假。

结合前后部分的内容可知，此处表示的是能力。

故用can“能，会”。

——————————————————————————————————————①表示现在的能力：can，am/is/are able to②表示将来的能力：will be able to③表示过去的能力：could表示过去的能力，不表示是否成功地做了；was/were able to表示过去有能力做而且成功地做了———————————————————————————————————————No one can be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.—Oh, you are really his big fan.(2011·湖南高考)——在打篮球方面，无人能与姚明相媲美。

2014全国高考汇编之虚拟语气+情态动词一（2014安徽卷）30．People are recycling many things which they away in the past.A. had thrownB. will be throwingC. were throwingD. would have thrown【考点】考察情态动词用法【答案】D【解析】句义：人们作者回收利用他们过去常常会扔掉的东西。

Would have done过去常常做某事；是对过去发生的事情的推测。

如果不适应情态动词，可以使用一般过去时threw。

故D正确。

【举一反三】I ______ sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.A. had comeB. was comingC. would comeD. would have come【答案】D【考点】考查虚拟语气的用法。

【解析】句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。

”but I didn’t know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。

二（2014北京卷）27. ________ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.A. CanB. MustC. ShallD. Should【考点】考察情态动词词义辨析【答案】A【解析】本题考察的是情态动词基本意义辨析。

Can能够，可能；must必须，一定；非得；shall将要；should应该；句意：我可以和你谈谈吗？不会花很多时间的。

根据句意可知本题使用can I…？表示询问对方是否允许。

如：Can I use your dictionary?我可以使用你的字典吗？故A正确。

三（2014北京卷）34. We __________ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.A. areB. wereC. will beD. would be【考点】考察虚拟语气【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是if条件状语从句的虚拟语气。

专题六情态动词和虚拟语气考点一情态动词1.(2014大纲全国,30)Although you find bargains in London,it s not generallya cheap place to shop.1.答案can2.(2014北京,27) I have a word with you?It won t take long.2.答案Can/May3.(2014重庆,3)I ve ordered some pizza,so we worry about cooking when we get home tired.3.答案needn t4.(2014江苏,31)It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves, bring me food.4.答案should5.(2014湖南,25)—I ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.—Do you mean we bring anything with us?5.答案needn t6.(2014四川,6)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother (will)take me to Disneyland at weekends.6.答案would7.(2014江西,30)Life is unpredictable;even the poorest become the richest.7.答案may/might考点二虚拟语气8.(2014北京,34)We (be)back in the hotel now if you didn t lose the map.8.答案should/could/would/might be9.(2014天津,15) (catch)the morning train,he would not have been late for the meeting.9.答案Had he caught10.(2014重庆,13)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as ifI (do)it?10.答案had done11.(2014福建,32) (be)there no modern telecommunications,we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.11.答案Were12.(2014浙江,16)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation,or they (come)to our help.12.答案would have come13.(2014安徽,30)People are recycling many things which they (throw)away in the past.13.答案would have thrown14.(2014湖南,22)If Mr.Dewey (be)present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.14.答案had been15.(2014陕西,23)We would rather our daughter (stay)at home with us,but it is her choice,and she is not a child any longer.15.答案stayed。