翻译练习
1.Researchers at George Washington University Medical Center in Washington, D, C, split
single human embryos into identical copies, a technology that opens a Pandora’s box of ethical questions and has sparked a storm of controversy around the world.
2.We are so familiar with the fact that man ages, that people have for years assumed that the
process of losing vigour with time, of becoming more likely to die the older we get, was something self-evident.
3.This book is , in essence, an extended meditation on the end of a particular way of looking at
the world: one where the principal actors in international relations are nationstates, pursuing their conception of their own national interest, and in which the basic rule of foreign policy is that one nation does not intervene in the internal affairs of another.
4.Waves are the children of the struggle between ocean and atmosphere, the ongoing signatures
of infinity.
5. A large number of institutions are premised on the assumption that intervention in the internal
affairs of others is often desirable.
浙江广播电视大学 英语专业(开放本科) 《翻译理论与实践》期末复习 题型： 一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分） 二、翻译句子。（每小题3分，共30分） 三、篇章翻译（每小题40分，共40分） 四、案例分析题（每小题10分，共10分） 一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分） 1.美国语言学家罗曼.雅各布森把翻译分成__________。 A. 语内翻译 B. 语际翻译 C. 符际翻译 D. 以上选项都正确 2. 下面哪个选项是错误的？_________。 A. dry goods：纺织品B．white goods：白色的货物 C．white wine：白葡萄酒D．toilet water：花露水 3. “This is a special offer and is not subject to our usual discounts” 请问下面哪个译文最合适？________。 A. 这是特殊报盘，不以我方通常折扣为条件。 B. 这是特惠报盘，我方通常折扣不适应于此盘。 C. 此系特惠报盘，不另加我方通常折扣。 D. 这是特殊报盘，不局限于我们通常折扣。 4．下面哪句话的描述是错误的？________。 A．美国著名翻译理论家奈达提出了“动态对等”原则。 B．“动态对等”原则是指，运用交际理论和信息论的原理，将焦点从传统的译文与原文两个文本的比较转移到两个过程的比较，使人们注意到影响信息接收的各种语言和文化因素。C．奈达曾将“动态对等”的提法改成了“功能对等”原则。 D．翻译求的是“形式对等”，而非”动态对等”。
5．_________提出了“美化之艺术，创优似竞赛”的翻译理念。 A．尤金.奈达B．泰特勒 C．许渊冲D．鲁迅 6. 下面哪个配对是错误的？_____。 A．赤脚医生：barefoot doctor B．纸老虎：paper tiger C．to show one’s cards：摊牌D．大海捞针：look for a needle in sea D B C D C D 7.哪句话的描述是正确的？______。 A. 严复提出的翻译是：重神似不重形似 B. 傅雷的翻译标准是：信、达、雅 C. 许渊冲的翻译标准是：美化之艺术，创优似竞赛 D. 泰特勒的翻译标准是：通顺 8. 下面哪个选项是错误的？_________。 A. dry State：实行禁酒的州B．white goods：白色的货物 C．dry white wine：涩白酒D．toilet water：花露水 9. 泰特勒(Tytler)提出的著名翻译原则是：_______。 A. 译文应完整地再现原文的思想内容。 B. 译文的风格、笔调应与原文的性质相同。 C. 译文应像原文一样流畅自然。 D. 以上选项都正确。 10．下面哪个选项是正确的？________。 A．bring down the house 翻译为：“推倒房子” B．pull up one's socks 翻译为：鼓起勇气 C．think a great deal of oneself 翻译为：“为自己想得很多” D．an apple of love 翻译为：“爱情之果” 11．A book, tight shut, is but a block of paper.下面哪个译文是最合适的？_____。A．一本书，紧紧合上，只是一叠纸。 B．一本书，如果紧紧合上不读，只是一叠纸。 C．一本书，如果紧紧合上不读，只是一叠废纸。 D．闲置之书只是一叠废纸。
大学英语四级新题型模拟训练（翻译） 1. A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back ____________________________(主要是由于工作中的压力和紧张造成的). 2. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and ___________________________ (超过250万的家庭已经摆脱贫困). 3. _____________________________________________ (除主席之外的所有董事会成员都投票赞成我的建议)to set up a branch office in the suburbs. 4. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are ________________ (为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇). 5. The population of elderly people is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before._________________________________(发达国家尤为如此). 1. mainly due to stress and tension in their work 2. more than two and a half million families have been lifted out of poverty 3. All the board members except the Chairman voted for my proposal 4. providing new growth opportunities for China's foreign and domestic trade 5. This is especially true of developed countries 【
四种翻译方法 1.直译和意译 所谓直译，就是在译文语言条件许可时，在译文中既保持原文的内容，又保持原文的形式——特别指保持原文的比喻、形象和民族、地方色彩等。 每一个民族语言都有它自己的词汇、句法结构和表达方法。当原文的思想内容与译文的表达形式有矛盾不宜采用直译法处理时，就应采用意译法。意译要求译文能正确表达原文的内容，但可以不拘泥与原文的形式。（张培基） 应当指出，在再能确切的表达原作思想内容和不违背译文语言规范的条件下，直译有其可取之处，一方面有助于保存原著的格调，另一方面可以进新鲜的表达方法。 Literal translation refers to an adequate representation of the original. When the original coincides or almost tallies with the Chinese language in the sequence of vocabulary, in grammatical structure and rhetorical device, literal translation must be used. Free translation is also called liberal translation, which does not adhere strictly to the form or word order of the original.（郭著章） 直译法是指在不违背英语文化的前提下，在英译文中完全保留汉语词语的指称意义，求得内容和形式相符的方法。
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.doczj.com/doc/3d17348301.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址） 1: The truck driver is __________________________________(对这起交通事故负全责). 2:In the court, the defendant ____________________________(声称自己是清白的). 3:Unemployed, John ________________________________(几乎无法维持生计). 4:________________________________(中国政府声明任何情况下都不首先) use nuclear weapons. 5:___________________________(要想他人尊重你),you should learn to respect them first. 答案： 1: The truck driver is _ responsible for the transportation accident. _( 对这起交通事故负全责). 2:In the court, the defendant _ claims himself innocent _( 声称自己是清白的). 3:Unemployed, John _ nearly couldn’t live on himself _( 几乎无法维持生计). 4:_ Chinese Government declares that under no circumstance will China _( 中国政府声明任何情况下都不首先) use nuclear weapons. 5:_ If you want to be respected by others _( 要想他人尊重你),you should learn to respect them first. 1.The club __________ （采用一套新的制度）concerning its membership. 2.My parents are ________ （不同意）our picnic plan. 3.The swimmer caught in the whirlpool__________ （挣扎着避免溺水. ） 4.The carpet was __________ （固定在地板上）with tacks. 5. （ 2 天了都没有走出沙漠，又没有水喝）__________his thirst was unquenchable. 答案： 1.dopted a new set of rules 2.averse to 3.struggled to keep from drowning 4.fastened to the floor 5.Having been in the desert without water for two days 1. （只要看一眼这封信）____________ ，will convince you that you have been taken in. 2. Please don’t stand in the kitchen, you’re________________ （挡路了）. 3. ________ （如果暴露在空气中）, iron will react with the oxygen of the air. 4. ________ （对听到的事情感到震惊）, he placed both his hands on his mouth. 5. We’d better struggle for the future ________ （而不是为过去而懊悔）. 答案：
1.追求稳定并不是什么坏事，很多时候这样的态度在促使我们提升自我、挑战难度、攀登 高峰。(when) The pursuit of stability is not a bad thing, because there are many times when such an attitude drives us to improve ourselves, challenge difficulties, and climb peaks. 2.在当今社会，诱惑和干扰无处不在，自律即使不是最重要的，也是重要的品质之一，因 为它有效地促进了一个人的进步和发展。(where) In today’s society where temptations and distractions are everywhere, self-discipline is one of the most important qualities, if not the most important, for/as it contributes effectively to/ promotes/enhances a man’s progress and development. 3.有时我们发现自己处于这样的窘境：即便觉得自己所做的不对，也要勉强为之。( where) Sometimes we find ourselves in embarrassing situations where we do certain things even if we feel what we are doing is wrong. 4.在毕业典礼上，尽管阴雨绵绵，但参加演出的同学仍完美展现了他们的合作与自信。 (demonstrate) At the graduation ceremony, despite the continuous rain, the students who took part in the performance still demonstrated their cooperation and self-confidence perfectly. 5.评论家有关影响市政建设因素的评论对政府的最终决策有很大的影响。（impact） The comments critics made on the factors influencing urban construction have a great impact on the final decision of the government. 6.意识到健康重要性的人们正在越来越关注他们的饮食。(aware) People who are/become aware of the importance of health are paying closer/more and more attention to their diets. 7.如何保护我们的视力是个重要的问题，每个青少年都应该知道答案。（whose） How to protect our eyesight is an important question whose answer to every teenager should know. 8.毫无疑问，小时候没有受过教育的父母经常叮嘱他们的孩子要好好读书。( access ) There is no doubt that those parents who had no access to education in their childhood often ask their children to study hard. 9.随着电影《星际穿越》（interstellar）的发行，人们越来越意识到地球所面临的环境危 机，从而开始一起行动起来去拯救地球。（With） With the release of the film interstellar, people are more and more aware of the environmental crisis that/which the Earth is facing and thus begin to take action together to save the Earth. 10.参与本次工业展览会的观众无不对一家参展商所推广的家庭自动报警系统赞不绝口。 (who) Audience who attended the industrial exhibition all sang the praises of the family automatic alarm system promoted by one exhibitor. 11.汉语是世界上最难的语言之一，学习这种语言的人很快就会发现自己遇到了挑战。 （challenge） Chinese/The Chinese language is one of the most difficult/hardest languages in the world, and/so people (who are) learning it /who learn it/quickly/soon find themselves challenged/that they soon meet with a/the challenge. 12.尽管水果富含维生素，急切想减肥的女士们也不应该用水果来代替营养均衡的正餐。 (rich) Although fruits are rich in vitamins, ladies who are anxious to lose weight can’t replace well-
华中师范大学网络学院 《翻译理论与技巧》练习测试题 一．在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。每空1分。共10分。 1．翻译是跨（语言）、跨（文化）、跨（社会）的交际活动。 2．篇章的粘连分（语义）粘连和（结构）粘连两大类，粘连的目的是实现篇章的（连贯）。 3．社会符号学的翻译标准是（语意）相符、（功能）相似。 4．格赖斯的（合作）原则和利奇的（礼貌）原则是促使语言交际成功的语用原则。 5. 社会符号学翻译法以韩礼德所述的语言的社会符号性为根据，以符号学的意 义观为核心。语言符号具备三种意义，它们是（言内）意义、（指称）意义和（语用）意义。 6. 语言对比是研究语言在（使用）中产生的意义。 7. 泰特勒在《翻译的原则》一书中提出了著名德三原则： A．译文应完整地再现原文的（思想内容）。 B．译文的（风格）（笔调）应与原文的性质相同。 C．译文应像原文一样（流畅自然）。 8. 汉语语法呈（隐含）性，英语语法呈（外显）性。 9. 严复的三字翻译标准是_信____、____达_、__雅__。 10. 鲁迅认为翻译标准可以用____忠实____和____通顺____这四个字来表示。11．翻译的过程是__理解____、____表达___和____校核____。 12．英语翻译成汉语时，英语称之为_译出语（原文）____，汉语称之为译入语（译文）__。 13．翻译按其工作方式来分，有___口译___ ____笔译____ ___机器翻译_______三种。 14．许渊冲提倡文学翻译要做到___意美__、_______音美______和__形美___。15．在译文语言条件许可时，在译文中既保持原文的内容，有保持原文的形式—特别是保持原文的比喻、形象和民族地方色彩等，这种译法叫做直译 __。 16．把原文中两个或两个以上的简单句译成一个单句是__合句___法。 17．翻译按其处理方式来分，有__全译_、_摘译__和__编译_。 18．翻译是“从语义到文体在译入语中用最（切近）而又最（自然）的对等语再现原语的（信息）。” 19．从翻译的手段来看，翻译可分为（口译）、（笔译）和（机器翻译）。 20．鲁迅先生认为：“凡是翻译，必须兼顾两面，一当然力求其（易解），一则保存着原作的（丰姿）。” 21．由于文化上的差异，英译汉时有时直译原文就会使译入语读者感到费解，甚至误解。这时，就有必要借用汉语中意义相同或相近、且具有自己文化 色彩的表达法对原文加以（归化）。 22．傅雷先生认为：“以效果而论，翻译应当像临画一样，所求的不在（形似）而在（神似）。
凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！ 第 1 页 共 1 页 2017考研英语翻译模拟练习题（2） There is no question that science-fiction writers have become more ambitious, stylistically and thematically, in recent years. (1) (But this may have less to do with the luring call of academic surroundings than with changing market conditions —a factor that academic critics rarely take into account.) Robert Silverberg, a former president of The Science Fiction Writers of America, is one of the most prolific professionals in a field dominated by people who actually write for a living. (Unlike mystery or Western writers, most science-fiction writers cannot expect to cash in on fat movie sales or TV tie-ins.) (2) (Still in his late thirties, Silverberg has published more than a hundred books, and he is disarmingly frank about the relationship between the quality of genuine prose and the quality of available outlet. )By his own account, he was “an annoyingly verbal young man ” from Brooklyn who picked up his first science-fiction book at the age of ten, started writing seriously at the age of thirteen, and at seventeen nearly gave up in despair over his inability to break into the pulp magazines. (3)( At his parents ’ urging, he enrolled in Columbia University, so that, if worst came to worst, he could always go to the School of Journalism and “get a nice steady job somewhere ”.) During his sophomore year, he sold his first science-fiction story to a Scottish magazine named Nebula. By the end of his junior year, he had sold a novel and twenty more stories. (4) (By the end of his senior year, he was earning two hundred dollars a week writing science fiction, and his parents were reconciled to his pursuit of the literary life. )“I became very cynical very quickly,” he says. First I couldn ’t sell anything, then I could sell everything. The market played to my worst characteristics. An editor of a schlock magazine would call up to tell me he had a ten-thousand-word hole to fill in his next issue. I ’d fill it overnight for a hundred and fifty dollars. I found that rewriting made no difference. (5)( I knew I could not possibly write the kinds of things I admired as a reader —Joyce, Kafka, Mann —so I detached myself from my work.) I was a phenomenon among my friends in college, a published, selling author. But they always asked, “When are you going to do something serious?” —meaning something that wasn ’t science fiction —and I kept telling them, “ When I ’m financially secure.” 答案 1.但是这一点与其说是与学术环境具有诱惑力的召唤有关，还不如说是与变化的市场状况有关——一这是一个学术评论家很少考虑的因素。 2.还不到四十岁，西尔弗伯格就已出版了一百多本书籍，而他对真正散文的质量与应时之作的质量之间的关系十分坦诚，毫无掩饰。 3.在他双亲的敦促下，他报考了哥伦比亚大学，所以即便最糟他也能进入新闻学校，“将来总可以有一份稳定的好工作。” 4.到大四结束的时候，他每星期写科幻小说已经可以赚两百美元了，而他的双亲也接受了他对于文学生涯的追求。 5.我知道我写不出作为读者的我所喜欢的东西，就像乔伊斯、卡夫卡、曼恩的作品，所以我不再那么关注我所写的东西。 总体分析 本文介绍了科幻小说家罗伯特·西尔弗伯格。文章先指出科幻小说的繁荣与市场需求关系紧密，接着通过介绍多产的科幻小说家西尔弗伯格的创作经历予以说明。 本文考查的知识点：后置定语、插入语、比较结构、同位语、上下文中词义的选择，等。
2015年上海各市区高三一模二模翻译汇总宝山区：1. 你能告诉我你热衷于网络游戏的原因吗？(crazy) 2. 令大家满意的是政府采取的措施比预期更有效。(measure) 3. 谈到向别人表达感谢时，除了“谢谢”外，还有许多更有创意的方式。(come) 4. 对于一再挑战极限的人来说，冒险是一种生活方式。(challenge) 5. 任何人仅凭背单词是不可能考出好成绩的，更不用说具有和老外交流的能力了。(Only) 黄浦区： 1．前天, 许多物理学家出席了颁奖典礼。（present） 2．选举结果出乎预料，这令大多数人颇为失望。（which） 3．只有相关各方更多地关注青少年，他们才能形成正确的价值观。（Only） 4．他从没想到保护水资源的文化和社会因素也应被列入考虑范围。（occur） 5．虽然大多数孩子喜欢吃快餐，但科学研究显示汉堡和匹萨缺乏身体健康和成长所必需的矿物质及维生素。(Although) 静安区： 1. 你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会吗? (possible) 2. 桌上有本最新版的英语字典。（On） 3. 意识到健康重要性的人们正在越来越关注他们的饮食。(aware) 4. 正是我国宇航员的精神才使我们克服了所有的艰难险阻。（enable） 5. 每天仅准许两百名游客进入博物馆参观，因为里面的物品非常珍贵。(admit) 长宁区： ）key（均衡的膳食是保持健康的关键。1. （than）没有什么能比得上我现在看到的景色。2. (responsible) 3. 每个人都要为自己的决定负责，因为人生就是一系列的选择。 （suggestion）4. 学生应该学会如何保护自己以防止意外伤害的建议是很有用的。whatever）5. 无论遇到什么困难，只要你坚持不懈的努力，你所有的梦想都会实现。（
英语翻译方法和技巧归纳 一、词汇方面 ㈠.词义选择 大多数英语词汇是多义的，翻译时必须选择正确的词义。词义选择的方法有三:根据上下文和词的搭配选择、根据词类选择、根据专业选择。 ㈡.词义转换 在理解英文词汇的原始意义基础上，翻译时可根据汉语的习惯按引伸义译出；或用反义词语译出，即所谓的正文反译、反文正译。 ㈢.词类转换
英语中很多由动词转化而成的名词、以及动名词、非谓语动词等，汉译时可将它们转换成动词。 ㈣.补词 是指原文已有某种含义但未用词汇直接表达，译文中需将这些含义补充进去，这样才更通顺易读，如：英语中数词与名词之间没有量词，而译成汉语时可酌情增加。 ㈤.省略 是指原文中某些词在译文中省略不译，只要并不影响意义的完整。如：上面讲的汉语“量词”，译成英语时则可以省略；又如：英语中大量使用物主代词而汉语中往往省略不用。 ㈥.并列与重复
英语在表达重复含义的并列结构中常采用共享、替代、转换等形式来避免重复，而汉语却常常有意重复表达以加强文字的力度，如：英语的物主代词替代前面的名词，短语动词只重复介词而省略主动词，汉译时可考虑重复表达。 二、句子结构方面 子结构方面的翻译技巧，主要有三种类型：语序类、组合类和转换类。 ㈠.语序类 1. 顺译法与逆译法 英语时间状语可前可后。不仅如此，英语在表达结果、条件、说明等定语从句、状语从句也很灵活，既可以先述也可以后述。而汉语
表达往往是按时间或逻辑的顺序进行的，因此，顺译法也罢逆译法也罢，其实都是为了与汉语的习惯相一致。英语表达与汉语一致的就顺译，相反的则逆译。 有时候顺译法与逆译法的差别,就象前面谈的正译与反译,依译者的爱好而定。 2. 前置法 英语中较短的限定性定语从句、表身份特征等的同位语在译成汉语时，往往可以提到先行词（中心词）的前面。 3. 分起总叙与总起分叙 长句子和句子嵌套现象在英语中比较普遍，这是因为英语的连词、关系代词、关系副词等虚词比较活跃、生成能力强，可构成并列句、复合句以及它们的组合形式。
1.出国留学有助于学生学习外语和了解外国文化，但学生应该考虑可能遇到的困难。 (consideration) Studying abroad/Overseas studies/Going abroad for/to (further) study can help students (to) learn foreign languages and know about foreign cultures, but students should take the difficulties/difficulty (that) they may/might meet with into consideration. 2.在业余时间，汤姆通过替在外出差的人遛狗来赚取零用钱。(spend) Tom spends his spare time walking dogs for those on business trips to earn pocket money. 3.抱怨太多作业是于事无补的，你不妨学学如何合理管理时间。(It’s no use) It’s no use complaining about too much homework; you may as well learn how to manage your time properly. 4.新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦。(have trouble) Due to lack of experience, the new employee had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s). 5.学而不思犹如食而不化。(like)（2020届静安区高考一模） Learning without reflecting / reflection / thinking is just like eating without digesting / digestion. 6.看到挂满枝头鲜红嫩绿的果实，他们不禁心生欢喜。（can’t help)（2020届奉贤区高考英 语一模） At the sight of the fruits with brilliant colors hanging on the branches, they couldn’t help feeling admiring them. 7.商店里的商品琳琅满目，让我们眼花缭乱。（accustomed） We are not accustomed to seeing so many kinds of goods in the shop. 8.没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than) There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel program. 9.没有什么比看到村民依然住在缺水的环境里更令人揪心的了。(upset) Nothing is more upsetting than seeing the villagers still living in environment where water is scarce. 10.上海迪斯尼乐园肯定会成为一个值得多次游览的旅游景点。(worth) Shanghai Disneyland is sure to become a place of interest / a scenic spot / a tourist attraction / destination(which / that is) worth touring/ visiting many times. 11.这篇文章值得下载，它不仅给读者提供了很多该课程的相关信息，而且还有大量的实用 网址。(provide) The article is worth downloading, for it not only provides readers with much information about the course but also a lot of practical websites. 12.听完这个教授鼓舞人心的讲座，有更多的大学毕业生愿意投身于环保事业。（willing） After attending the professor’s inspiring lecture, more university graduates are willing to devote themselves to the cause of environmental protection. 13.对于越来越多的城市居民而言，有车意味着得拼命去找一个停车位。（mean) To / For more and more/ a growing number of city residents, having a car means trying /struggling/making efforts to find a parking place. 14.毫无疑问在如今这个充满竞争的社会，保持幽默有助于减少压力并促进创造性思维。 （contribute） There is no doubt that in such a competitive society, keeping a sense of humor contributes to reducing pressure and promoting creative thinking.
高一英语翻译技巧和方法完整版及练习题及解析 一、高中英语翻译 1．高中英语翻译题：Translation: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1．究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程的积极性？(motivate) 2．网上支付方便了客户，但是牺牲了他们的隐私。(at the cost of) 3．让我的父母非常满意的是，从这个公寓的餐厅可以俯视街对面的世纪公园，从起居室也可以。(so) 4．博物馆疏于管理，展品积灰，门厅冷落，急需改善。(whose) 【答案】 1．What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering? 2．Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy. 3．To my parents’ satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room. 或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room. 4．This museum is not well managed, whose exhibits are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement. 或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement. 【解析】 1．motivate sb to do sth 激发某人做某事，on earth究竟，major in 以…为专业，enthusiasm/ initiative热情/积极性，故翻译为What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering? 2．online payment网上支付，brings convenience to给…带来方便，at the cost of以…为代价，privacy隐私，故翻译为Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy. 3．To my parents’ satisfaction令我父母满意的是，后者也那样so it is with。也可以用主语从句What makes my parents really satisfy 表语从句thatthey can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment。overlooks俯视，opposite the street街对面，living room 起居室。故翻译为To my parents’ satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room. 4．not well managed/ management is reckless疏于管理，be covered with dust/ be piled with dust被灰尘覆盖，few visitors游客稀少，be badly in need of improvement/ requires immediate improvement亟需改善。故翻译为his museum is not well managed, whose exhibits
~ 关于翻译理论的习题 选择题 1、直译保存了原作____,因而能达到与原文近似的效果。 A内容 B思想 C风格 D手法 2、死译只注意保存原文____,对原文使用的词语，句子结构，比喻以及其他修辞手法，尽量原封不动地照搬过来。 A 形式 B风格 C 意义 D 内容 3、译文中若出现译语词不搭配的现象，就会产生_____。 A 翻译调 B翻译病 C 翻译症 D翻译腔 4、( _____与内容的关系。 5、克服翻译症的方法之一是弄清 A 形式 B风格 C意义 D表面 5、从实用翻译理论的角度来看，译文不但要保存原作的思想风格，而且必须符合译语习惯，即提高____。 A随意性 B传意性 C相似性 D可接受性 6、有的动物可通过动作，如蜜蜂的舞蹈，来传递某种信息，这属于_____。 A自然信息 B动物信息 C 非语言信息 D语言信息 7、交流思想通过语言进行，因而语言是交流思想的___ A物质 B工具 C媒介 D手段 8、。 ____,七分靠____。9、有人认为翻译外国小说等文学作品。三分靠 A外语，汉语 B汉语，外语 C外语，外语 D汉语，汉语
9、翻译症的主要特征是____。 A文从句顺 B流畅易懂 C声情并茂 D文笔拙劣 10、不可以的情况有___ A没有对等词 B内容和形式必须兼顾的情况 C词外含义 D A，B and C 1-5 DACAD 6-10 BCBAD } 简答题 1、结合具体事例你谈谈对“英语重形合，汉语重意合”这句话的理解。 形合指句子内部的链接或句子间的连接采用句法手段或词汇手段，意合指句子内部的链接或句子间的连接采用语义手段。印欧语言重形合，语句各成分的相互结合常用适当的链接词语或各种语言链接手段，以表示其结构关系。汉语重意合，句子各成分之间或句子之间的结合多依靠语义的贯通，少用连接语，所以句法结构形式短小精悍。 2、有人认为翻译的总体发展趋势是由归化逐步趋向与异化，你是否赞同这个观点 归化与异化作为翻译两种主要的翻译方法，一直是翻译界研究和争论的焦点之一。归化指以目的语文化为归宿，要求译者向目的语读者靠拢，采取目的语读者所习惯的表达方式，来传达原文的内容。异化指以源语文化为归宿，要求译者向作者靠拢采取目的语读者所习惯的表达方式来传达原文的内容。