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英语四六级考试必备资料

18 session to be hel d i n Beijing from Novem ber 9, 2013 t o 12t h. 35 years ago blew the t hird plenary session of the reform and openi ng up i n the spri ng bree ze, cha nged, affect t he w orld; t oda y, 35 ye ars later, in t he eyes of the nation and the worl d expect, agai n to reform mark Chi na, ushe red in t he 18 session. XI Ge neral Se cretary pointe d out that China's reform ha s entere d a crucial period and the Sham Shui Po Di strict, must be base d on greater politi cal courage a nd wisdom, l ose no time in deepeni ng reform in im portant fiel ds. Dares t o cra ck a hard nut, dares to question the Rapids, whi ch dares t o break t he barrier of i deas, and dare t o benefit cure barriers. Deepeni ng reform and openi ng up is on sche dule t o achieve i nstituti onal safeguards of the moderately well-off. Under the "five in one" the General lay out of socialist m oder nization requirement s, 18 session of the de cisi on w as a "five in one" and the im provement of overall scheme of reform, wil l prom ote an integrated a nd coor dinate d economic, politi cal, cultural, social a nd e col ogical civilization construction of the five reforms and the party's constr ucti on i n the are a of instit utional reform. The "five in one" programme is to a chi eve a compre hensive reform of instit utional guara ntees for obje ctives of buil d a well-off societ y, the smoot h pr ogress of the constructi on of a well-off society and reform the obje ctives of the pr ogramme. One, holdi ng time and pla ce importance on November 9, 2013 to the 18 se ssi on of the 12t h Beijing since 1978, 35, have been 7 ple nary se ssion, ea ch time on major issue s of political a nd economic life of the country has made importa nt de ployment. In a ccorda nce with PRC political practi ce, ofte n at every session of the CPC Ce ntral Committee in a plenary sessi on was held immediately after the party's Congress, on the theme "personnel", di scussi ng ele ction Central's top lea ders, such as t he el ection of the Standing Committee of the politi cal Burea u, through t he Central Committee members, deci sions, such as members of the Ce ntral Military Commission. The second ple nary se ssion, is held i n two se ssi ons before the ge neral ele ction, mainly to discuss a new State personnel i ssu es. But by t he third

英语四六级考试必备资料

四级考试听力短文题10大解题原则

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1.听即原则：所听即所得，听到什么就选什么（正好与短对话相反，短对话时听到的一般不选）

2．重读原则：某单词被反复读到或是在语音上加以重读，因引起重视如果选项中出现很可能是正确答案

3．顺序原则：出题顺序一般与行文顺序相同除了主题题和部分说明文

4．主题原则：主题一般出现在段落的头尾部分，所以要集中精力听清前三句话和最后两句话

5．原因原则：凡出现表示原因，目的的很有可能是考点如：because so as 等词前后要着重听

6．转则原则：凡出现表示转则的词如：but however yet 等，后面的句子往往是考点，要引起重视

7．光明原则：事情一般都是向着好的方面发展的，主人公多数是大难不死的，事情总是逢凶化吉，绝处逢生的

8．男女原则：同短对话

9．穷学生原则：学生一般都是比较穷的，不能继续学业一般都是因为经济原因，因为穷一般还比较喜欢DIY一些东西

10．偏怪小原则：一般故事总是稀奇古怪的，经过总是曲折离奇的，结局总是出人意料的。宗旨就是意料之外、情理之

考试听力短文题10大类标志词：

2．唯一级标志词only / unique / prefer / every / one / of all / perfect / ……

3．因果项标志词cause / lead to / contribute to / thanks to / owing to / question / answer / why / reason / 其他形式的问句/ ……

4．转则项关键词despite / in spite of / instead / while / from ~ to ~ / although ~ （yet）~ / not only ~ but also ~ / ……

lenary sessi on, e ach session of the Ce ntral Committee of nati onal i nstituti ons and personnel pr oblem s have been arra nged, yo u ca n concentrate on nati onal development a nd reforms. Previous ple nary se ssion is ofte n branded w ith a central leadi ng collective, often by l ooki ng at the thir d plenum of the initiative t o found the curre nt central lea dership colle ctive gover nance characteristi cs. From the analysis of the process of economic reform i n Chi na, plenary sessi on, 12 sessio n, 14, 16 ple nary se ssion have programmatic meani ng, respective ly, marking t he four stage s of Chi na's economi c reform, and t hat the start-up phase of reform, reform, construction pha se and perfe cting the S ocial ist market economy framework stage of sociali st market economy. Previous ple nary session topics propose d to the third plenary sessi on of "taking class struggle as t he key link," shifted to socialist moder nization; 12 session marked t he change from rural to urba n, esta blished wit h public owner shi p as the F oundati on of a planned commodity economy; 13 session at a time whe n both t he ol d and the new system cha nge, gover nance a nd re ctify the economic order; 14 ... Fair and efficie nt and aut horitative Socialist judi cial system, safeguard t he people's intere sts. Legal authority t o uphol d the Constituti on, dee peni ng the reform of administrative law e nforceme nt, ensure t hat the rig ht to exercise judicial pow er indepe nde ntly and impartially a ccordi ng to law the prosecution, perfecting the runni ng mech anism of judi cial powe r, improve t he system of judi cial pr otection of huma n rights. Ple nary session, Affairs the right to a dh ere to the system, and let the people a uthority to let the pow er run in the Sun, is shut up i n a cage of the system power poli cy. Deci sion Scie nce, impleme ntation shoul d be constructed strong, supervise the runni ng of powerful syste m, improve the system of punishing a nd preventing corr upti on, promoti ng political i ntegrity, a nd strive to achieve cadres ' honest and Gover nment integrit y, cle an politics. To form a scientific and effective coordi nation of power restricti on a nd mechanisms to stre ngthe n anti-corr upti on i nstituti onal i nnovation a nd i nstituti onal protecti on, sound improveme nt style normal system. Ple nary session, buil ding a sociali st cult ure in Chi na, e nha nci ng national cultural soft pow er, must adhere to the orientati on of a dvanced Socialist cultur e, adhere to the devel opme nt of Soci alist culture wit h Chi nese characteristi cs, a dhere t o the people-centre d work-orie nted, further dee pe ning reform of culture. o improve the cult ural manageme nt system, establi sh a nd impr ove the modern market system a nd buil ding modern public cult ural service system, improve t he level of culture ope ning. Ple nary session, achievi ng devel opment re sults more equitable benefit of all people, we must speed up reform of social programs a nd solve the i ssues of concern t o the people the most dire ct and rea l interest, a nd better meet

5．序数项标志词所有的序数词（first , second）/ another / the other / next / last / in addition / on the other hand / ……

6．时间项标志词when / how / today / as / before / after / since / then / unti l / ……

7．解释项标志词or / namely / in other words / that is / that is to say / ……

8．目的项标志词to / for / ……

9．总结项标志词all in all / in brief / to conclude / at last / in summary / in short / ……

10．强调项标志词副词：especially / particularly / almost / al ways / usually / …… 动词：show / remember / note / notice / say / pronounce / ……

根据四级考试大纲，完型填空满分占710分的10%。其主要形式是在一篇约300词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。相比较以前，完型填空的阅读量加大了。文章从以前的250词增加到现在的300词。做好完型填空虽然也需要好的英语功底，但是我们可以列出一些方法和要点，供大家参考，提高复习和做题的效率。

一、完型填空测试的步骤

1．完型填空题测试点

完型填空题测试点主要在语法、词法、理解、综合、背景知识几方面。具体讲：

语法题包括词序、结构词（连词、介词的搭配）、动词词形（时态、语态、语气、动名词、不定式、分词）、不定代词的用法、比较级的使用。这类题的选择一般在句子里就可做出正确判断。词汇题一般是实义词，包括名词（词组）、形容词、副词等，不仅包括它们的同义词、近义词，而且还包括词的搭配、习惯用法。选择时要根据上下文，甚至在通篇理解的基础上，往往不能根据一句话做出准确的选择，要防止“见树不见林”的现象。

背景知识题主要是考查读者的常识。有时文章中提供的信息并不够，还需要与读者头脑中储存的一般知识信息结合起来考虑，最后做出符合常识的最佳选择。当然，试题的设计者应尽量避免这类题的出现，因为它已超出了语言考查的范围。综合题在英语知识运用（Cloze Test）中也占一定的比例。特别是在近几年考试中，这种题的出现加大了试题的难度，它往往在一道题中对词汇和语法同时进行了考查。

2．做完型填空试题的一般方法、步骤

（1）细读首句、启示全文。完型填空所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空格，因此它往往是了解文章全貌的“窗口”；因此可判断文章体裁，推测文章大意，对我们理解全文有重要的启示作用。

owner shi p as the Foundation of a pla nne d commodity economy; 13 session at a time whe n bot h the old and the new system cha nge, governance and rectify the e conomic order; 14 ... Fair and efficient a nd a uthoritative Sociali st judicial system, safeguard the pe ople's interests. Legal authority to uphol d the Constitution, deepe ning t he reform of administrative law e nforceme nt, ensure that the right to exercise judicial power i ndepe nde ntly and impartially accor ding to law t he pr ose cution, perfecting the running me cha nism of judicial pow er, impr ove the system of judi cial prote ction of huma n rights. Pl enary sessi on, Affairs the right to a dher e to the system, a nd let the pe ople a uthority to let the power r un in t he Sun, is shut up in a cage of the system power poli cy. Deci sion Scie nce, im plementation should be constru cted str ong, supervise the running of pow erful system, i mprove the system of puni shi ng and preventi ng corrupti on, promoti ng p olitical integrit y, and strive to a chieve

cadres ' hone st and Gover nment integrit y, clea n politics. To form a scientific a nd effective coor dinati on of power restri ction and mecha nisms t o strengthen anti-corruption instituti onal innovation and instituti onal prote ction, sound improveme nt style normal system. Ple nary session, buil ding a sociali st cult ure in Chi na, enhancing national c ultural soft powe r, must a dhere t o the ori entation of advanced S ociali st cult ure, a dhere t o the dev elopment of Socialist culture wit h Chinese characteristi cs, a dhere t o the people-centre d work-orie nted, further dee peni ng reform of cult ure. o improve the cult ural management sy stem, establish and improve t he modern market system and buildi ng moder n publi c cultural servi ce system, impr ove the level of cult ure openi ng. Ple nary se ssion, a chievi ng devel opme nt results more equitable benefit of all people, we m ust spee d up reform of social programs a nd solve the i ssue s of concern to the pe ople t he most direct and real interest, and better meet the nee ds of the people. To deepe n educati on reform, improve i nstituti onal me cha nisms for the 1

coor dinate d economic, politi cal, cultural, social a nd e col ogical civilization construction of the five reforms and the party's constr ucti on i n the are a of instit utional reform. The "five in one" programme is to a chi eve a compre hensive reform of instit utional guara ntees for obje ctives of buil d a well-off societ y, the smoot h pr ogress of the constructi on of a well-off society and reform the obje ctives of the pr ogramme. One, holdi ng time and pla ce importance on November 9, 2013 to the 18 se ssi on of the 12t h Beijing since 1978, 35, have been 7 ple nary se ssion, ea ch time on major issue s of political a nd economic life of the country has made importa nt de ployment. In a ccorda nce with PRC political practi ce, ofte n at every session of the CPC Ce ntral Committee in a plenary sessi on was held immediately after the party's Congress, on the theme "personnel", di scussi ng ele ction Central's top lea ders, such as t he el ection of the Standing Committee of the politi cal Burea u, through t he Central Committee members, deci sions, such as members of the Ce ntral Military Commission. The second ple nary se ssion, is held i n two se ssi ons before the ge neral ele ction, mainly to discuss a new State personnel i ssues. But by t he third

（2）通读全文，掌握大意。先要稳下心来，“硬着头皮”把短文从头到尾快速阅读一至两遍，

以从整体上感知全文，掌握大意。跳过空格、不看选项、快速阅读，困难肯定是有的。但要注意文中的暗示，努力找出关键词。如果是故事性文章，那时间、地点、人物就是关键词；抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索，进而理解全文，此时选填就不会是胡猜乱填。可见，通读全文进而掌握大意是做好“完型填空”的先决条件。在掌握了短文大意之后，才可边读短文边选择答案。在阅读过程中，也许有些答案会在脑海中浮现，有些觉得很有把握或是不大，这时最好不要急于动笔，先读完。因为有些空白处，从单一的句子本身来看是难以确定答案的。因此，完型填空难度在于要能大致读懂一篇留有许多空白的短文，这就要求考生具有相当的阅读能力和通过长期大量阅读而形成的语感。

（3）瞻前顾后，先易后难。瞻前顾后即前后观察，对空格前后句子作深入分析，确定空格在句中的意思。如果是语法问题，不仅要考虑时态、语态，还要考虑整个词法、句法。如果是语义问题，要从上下文分析，依据短文自身完整的语言环境进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。先易后难就是首先选出那些只根据上下文就能确定的、直接的、明显的答案，诸如固定词组、常见句型等。这就增强了信心，减轻了心理压力，以便集中精力解决难度较大的选项。瞻前顾后，不要忘记首尾照应，首句之重要大家已注意，同时不要忽视尾句的画龙点睛的作用。另外要牢记文章的中心思想，每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思要联系起来理解。文章最前面的空格提出的问题很有可能要到文章的末尾才能找到答案。

（4）上下连贯，合乎逻辑。这是从句子结构的角度来考虑。如果空白处位于引导状语从句的位置上，则首先要分清是何种状语从句（时间、原因、条件、结果、目的、让步、比较关系、行为方式……），然后再选择适当的词填空。总之，填入单词后要使句子意思和结构都完整，上下连贯，合乎逻辑。

（5）复核全文，消除疏漏。填空全部完成后，还要通读一遍，检查是否前后贯通、内容清楚、主题突出。复读过程中，如果有某些地方意义含混或矛盾，就应该依据文章的中心意思来重新考虑。凡不通之处，必有待推敲的疑点。应从意义和语法两个角度仔细权衡，加以改正，以便弥补疏漏。从语法上，检查一下所完成的句子是否主谓一致：时态、语态是否正确；句词、代词的性、格是否一致；动词、形容词、名词与介词的搭配是否准确无误。对于个别难度较大的空项，可以凭着自己的语感，坚持第一感觉选择的答案。

二、完型填空解题技巧

英语知识运用是一种综合测试方式。通过研究历年考题发现，考生要准确补全文章空白处，使其意义连贯，应实现四种类型的语篇衔接，即语义衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接和惯用衔接。要实现这四种衔接，考生可联系上下文逻辑关系，或依据一些线索词来完成。以下将从词汇、语法、语篇三个层面介绍一下这四种衔接的特点、反映在试题上的考点及其做题技巧。

（一）词汇

owner shi p as the F oundati on of a planned commodity economy; 13 session at a time whe n both t he ol d and the new system cha nge, gover nance a nd re ctify the economic order; 14 ... Fair and efficie nt and aut horitative Socialist judi cial system, safeguard t he people's intere sts. Legal authority t o uphol d the Constituti on, dee peni ng the reform of administrative law e nforceme nt, ensure t hat the rig ht to exercise judicial pow er indepe nde ntly and impartially a ccordi ng to law the prosecution, perfecting the runni ng mechanism of judi cial powe r, improve t he system of judi cial pr otection of huma n rights. Ple nary session, Affairs the right to a dhere to the system, and let the people a uthority to let the pow er run in the Sun, is shut up i n a cage of the system power poli cy. Deci sion Scie nce, impleme ntation shoul d be constructed strong, supervise the runni ng of powerful syste m, improve the system of punishing a nd preventing corr upti on, promoti ng political i ntegrity, a nd strive to achieve

cadres ' honest and Gover nment integrit y, cle an politics. To form a scientific and effective coordi nation of power restricti on a nd mechanisms to stre ngthe n anti-corr upti on i nstituti onal i nnovation a nd i nstituti onal protecti on, sound improveme nt style normal system. Ple nary session, buil ding a sociali st cult ure in Chi na, e nha nci ng national cultural soft pow er, must adhere to the orientati on of a dvanced Socialist cultur e, adhere to the devel opme nt of Soci alist culture wit h Chi nese characteristi cs, a dhere t o the people-centre d work-orie nted, further dee pe ning reform of culture. o improve the cult ural manageme nt system, establi sh a nd impr ove the modern market system a nd buil ding modern public cult ural service system, improve t he level of culture ope ning. Ple nary session, achievi ng devel opment re sults more equitable benefit of all people, we must speed up reform of social programs a nd solve the i ssues of concern t o t he people the most dire ct and rea l interest, a nd better meet

1．利用动词词组中的介词或副词确定正确选项

如果我们认识某一词组，可根据自己的判断毫不犹豫地选择你认为是正确的选项。如果不认识或拿不准它们的意义，我们可以根据动词后边的介词或副词进行推导。

2．利用固定搭配或习惯用语

四级词汇题目涉及对各种短语、固定词组和惯用语的测试，其所占的比例相当大。测试范围包括动词短语、动词与其他词语构成的习语、介词短语、形容词短语等。这类词组主要是习惯性和固定搭配用法，不能主观臆测，也不能随意创造，只能靠死记硬背。

3．根据邻近原则，利用词语意义的互相联系，确定选择的依据。

（1）选项为名词时，其前后的名词为选择的依据。

（2）选项为动词、动词词组（包括动名词、动词的分词形式）时，其前后的动词、名词、介词为选择依据。

（3）选项为形容词时，可以其前后出现的名词、动词、副词、介词为依据。

（4）选项为副词时，其前后出现的动词、形容词、副词为判断依据。

六级综合概况：占全卷比例10%，考察改错题目（10道）或完形填空题目（20道）

英语六级综合，即完形或改错。虽然自2007年6月六级全面实施改革以来，六级综合这块儿一直都考的是完形，不是改错，但并不代表我们就不去准备改错了。自改革以来，完形已经被考过5次了，出题者想必也应该有些审美疲劳了，换换口味出个改错来考考大家也是完全有可能的，所以对于改错我们还是不能掉以轻心！但完形考过如此多次，所以足见它的重要性也是不可小觑。我们应该采取的正确态度就是：“两手都要抓，两手都要硬！”

由于完形的多发性，证明了它相对于改错来说是需要我们更加重视的，所以我在这里先给大家说说如何准备完形：

完形主要考三方面的内容：单词，短语词组和逻辑。我通过对历年完形考试真题的分析，发现在所考察的20个选择题中，一般来说，对单词方面的考察占据了15—17道题之多，而短语词组和逻辑相对考察得较少。所以在接下来的两周我们应该着重准备完形当中考察单词的题目：

首先，大家要在两周之内把六级要求的单词再进行复习。这个复习并不是简单地把每个单词是什么中文意思再记一次，而是要针对完形如何考察单词的方面来复习。完形考察单词

主要在三方面：难词辨析，近义词辨析和形近词辨析。现在就这三方面给大家讲一讲如何准备：

难词辨析：就是要会认出选项中的单词分别是什么意思，而且这四个单词相互间没有联系，再根据它所在的句子中的意思选出正确答案，例如：

The Pentagon built the network for military contractors and universities doing military research to __72__ information.（2009年6月）

72. A. exchange B. bypass C. switch D. interact

四个选项的意思分别是：A. exchange互换；B. bypass绕过；C. switch转变；D. interact 相互作用。句子意思是：五角大楼建立网络是为了便于军事承包商和做军事研究的大学能够互相交流信息。因此，只有A. exchange才符合句意。

由此可见，对于这种题同学们唯一能做的就是能再利用这两周时间把以前所背的所有六级单词尽可能地再多看看。

近义词辨析：四个选项的意思相近，但各自意思的侧重点或用法不同，仍然根据句意选出最符合的答案，例如：

For example, most universities that __76__ the NSF network had intracampus computer networks. （2009年6月）

76. A. joined B. attached C. participated D. involved

四个选项的意思都与“联系”有关，各自意思的侧重点和用法分别是：

A. joined: 加入; join sth./sb.：加入到某事物或某人中;

B. attached: 将某物系于另一物上；attach A to B：将A系于B上;

C. participated: 参加；participate in sth.：参加某事物;

D. involved:牵涉；A be involved in B：A牵涉进了B中。

lenary sessi on, e ach session of the Ce ntral Committee of nati onal i nstituti ons and personnel pr oblem s have been arra nged, yo u ca n concentrate on nati onal development a nd reforms. Previous ple nary se ssion is ofte n branded w ith a central leadi ng collective, often by l ooki ng at the thir d plenum of the initiative t o found the curre nt central lea dership colle ctive gover nance characteristi cs. From the analysis of the process of economic reform i n Chi na, plenary sessi on, 12 session, 14, 16 ple nary se ssion have programmatic meani ng, respective ly, marking t he four stage s of Chi na's economi c reform, and t hat the start-up phase of reform, reform, construction pha se and perfe cting the S ocial ist market economy framework stage of sociali st market economy. Previous ple nary session topics propose d to the third plenary sessi on of "taking class struggle as t he key link," shifted to socialist moder nization; 12 session marked t he change from rural to urba n, esta blished wit h public owner shi p as the F oundati on of a planned commodity economy; 13 session at a time whe n both t he ol d and the new system cha nge, gover nance a nd re ctify the economic order; 14 ... Fair and efficie nt and aut horitative Socialist judi cial system, safeguard t he people's intere sts. Legal authority t o uphol d the Constituti on, dee peni ng the reform of administrative law e nforceme nt, ensure t hat the rig ht to exercise judicial pow er indepe nde ntly and impartially a ccordi ng to law the prosecution, perfecting the runni ng mechanism of judi cial powe r, improve t he system of judi cial pr otection of huma n rights. Ple nary session, Affairs the right to a dhere to the system, and let the people a uthority to let the pow er run in the Sun, is shut up i n a cage of the system power poli cy. Deci sion Scie nce, impleme ntation shoul d be constructed strong, supervise the runni ng of powerful syste m, improve the system of punishing a nd preventing corr upti on, promoti ng political i ntegrity, a nd strive to achieve cadres ' honest and Gover nment integrit y, cle an politics. To form a scientific and effective coordi nation of power restricti on a nd mechanisms to stre ngthe n anti-corr upti on i nstituti onal i nnovation a nd i nstituti onal protecti on, sound improveme nt style normal system. Ple nary session, buil ding a sociali st cult ure in Chi na, e nha nci ng national cultural soft pow er, must adhere to the orientati on of a dvanced Socialist cultur e, adhere to the devel opme nt of Soci alist culture wit h Chi nese characteristi cs, a dhere t o the people-centre d work-orie nted, further dee pe ning reform of culture. o improve the cult ural manageme nt system, establi sh a nd impr ove the modern market system a nd buil ding modern public cult ural service system, improve t he level of culture ope ning. Ple nary session, achievi ng devel opment re sults more equitable benefit of all people, we must speed up reform of social programs a nd solve the i ssues of concern t o t he people the most dire ct and rea l interest, a nd better meet

句子的意思是：例如，加入到NSF网络中的大部分大学有校际电脑网络。因此，A. joined 是最佳选项。：

从上面这道题我们可以得知，只是记住单词的意思还不够，对于意思相近的单词一定要将它们整理出来，辨析它们的意思的侧重点和用法的不同。如果同学们对单词的意义已经很了解了，在接下来的两周应该做到以上这点。

形近词辨析:大部分考察的是同根或同缀，但意义却相差较大的单词，例如：

Eisenhower’s interstate highways __64__ the nation together in new ways and __65__ major economic growth by making commerce less __66__.（2009年6月）

66. https://www.doczj.com/doc/389571484.html,petitive https://www.doczj.com/doc/389571484.html,parative C.exclusive D.expensive

以上四个单词都有同样的形容词后缀：—ive, 并且在拼写上A，B与C，D分别相似，但这四个单词的意思却截然不同：https://www.doczj.com/doc/389571484.html,petitive：竞争性的，有竞争力的；https://www.doczj.com/doc/389571484.html,parative：比较的，相对的；C.exclusive：独家的，专门的；D.expensive：昂贵的。句子的意思是：艾森豪威尔的州际公路将国民以新的方式联系在了一起，并且通过使交往变得没那么昂贵，而促进了主要的经济增长。所以答案选D.expensive。

这道题给我们的信息是在复习单词时，对于形近的词要特别区分，以免混淆，而把本应做对的题做错。

因此，在最后两星期同学们应把复习单词的重点放在以上三方面，这样不仅可以更有效地记忆单词，也能对更好地做题有很大的帮助。

另外，历年的完形真题也是我们要着重复习的地方，因为通过对以往考过的六级完形真题的分析，发现有很多地方都是考了又考的，例如：

So Germany was asking bright young__79__to leave their country, culture and families…（2008年6月）

79. A.dwellers B.citizens C.professionals D.amateurs

答案：C.

It began as a military communication system, which expanded into a government-funded __80__ research network. （2009年6月）

80. A.citizen B.civilian C.amateur D.resident

答案：B.

注意，以上两道真题的选项有几个是相同的，这样的例子还有很多，同学们只要多练历年的真题，特别是练从改革以来的，可以安排在这两周来做，如果09年12月考的是完形，相信同学们一定会因此受益的。

以上就是对于完形在剩余的两周应该着重注意些什么，接下来我们谈谈如何在短时间内应对改错。

虽然，根据以往考试来分析，我们知道考改错的几率不大，但是我们也要有备无患。

对于改错，很多同学认为是语法的问题，其实语法并没有大家想象地考得那么多，大家在接下来的两周主要看看以下几个语法，一般来说应对改错中的语法还是绰绰有余的：主谓一致，非谓语，定语从句，虚拟语气，倒装句。另外，在做改错题时，同学们一定要先把错误正确地指出来，因为根据得分标准，能正确地指出错误，但不能改正正确可以得一半的分，而大部分同学做题是靠语感的，知道就是这个地方错了，但就是不知道该怎么改。因为出题者也了解大家的这种情况所以才这样酌情处理。还有很重要的一点是，一定要读完标有错误那一行所在的整句话，不能只看有错那一行，因为出错的地方是以整个句子为条件设计的，例如：2006年12月真题中的第62题（2007年6月六级全面改革以来再也没考过改错，所以这是最近的改错真题。）

According to the survey, ”reading is on the decline on every 62_________

region, within every ethnic group, and at every educational level.”

The day the NEA report was released, the U.S. House, in a tie 63_________

经分析，62题的改法应该是：把第二个on改为in，因为读完62题那一行所在的整个句子，才能发现on every region是错误的，应该是in与region搭配。

与完形一样，大家在剩余的两周也要多做真题，可以以2000年1月的开始到2006年12月

owner shi p as the F oundati on of a planned commodity economy; 13 session at a time whe n both t he ol d and the new system cha nge, gover nance a nd re ctify the economic order; 14 ... Fair and efficie nt and aut horitative Socialist judi cial system, safeguard t he people's intere sts. Legal authority t o uphol d the Constituti on, dee peni ng the reform of administrative law e nforceme nt, ensure t hat the rig ht to exercise judicial pow er indepe nde ntly and impartially a ccordi ng to law the prosecution, perfecting the runni ng mechanism of judi cial powe r, improve t he system of judi cial pr otection of huma n rights. Ple nary session, Affairs the right to a dhere to the system, and let the people a uthority to let the pow er run in the Sun, is shut up i n a cage of the system power poli cy. Deci sion Scie nce, impleme ntation shoul d be constructed strong, supervise the runni ng of powerful syste m, improve the system of punishing a nd preventing corr upti on, promoti ng political i ntegrity, a nd strive to achieve

cadres ' honest and Gover nment integrit y, cle an politics. To form a scientific and effective coordi nation of power restricti on a nd mechanisms to stre ngthe n anti-corr upti on i nstituti onal i nnovation a nd i nstituti onal protecti on, sound improveme nt style normal system. Ple nary session, buil ding a sociali st cult ure in Chi na, e nha nci ng national cultural soft pow er, must adhere to the orientati on of a dvanced Socialist cultur e, adhere to the devel opme nt of Soci alist culture wit h Chi nese characteristi cs, a dhere t o the people-centre d work-orie nted, further dee pe ning reform of culture. o improve the cult ural manageme nt system, establi sh a nd impr ove the modern market system a nd buil ding modern public cult ural service system, improve t he level of culture ope ning. Ple nary session, achievi ng devel opment re sults more equitable benefit of all people, we must speed up reform of social programs a nd solve the i ssues of concern t o t he people the most dire ct and rea l interest, a nd better meet

为止，一方面，锻炼临场感；另一方面，也能总结一些做改错题的规律，还有可能在下次考试遇到做过的题。

在四级翻译考试中，很多核心考点反复重考。下面以2010年6月真题为例，详细讲解四级翻译四大考点。

一、四级核心词组：

例如have difficulty/trouble （in）doing something（做某事有困难）已经考过三次，需要注意的是，in可以省略，后面要使用动词的动名词形式。

1）2006年6月87题：Having spent some time in the city，he had no trouble （找到去历史博物馆的路）.

解析：答案为（in）finding the way to the Museum of History，“历史博物馆”最好译为“the Museum of History”，专有名词注意大小写。

2）2009年6月87题：Soon after he transferred to the new school，Ali found that he had （很难跟上班里的同学）in math and English.

解析：答案为difficulty in catching up with his classmates，此题也考察了catch up with （跟上）这一四级核心词组。

3）2010年6月87题：Because of noise outside，Nancy had great difficulty （集中注意力在实验上）.

解析：答案为（in）focusing/concentrating on her experiment，此题亦考察focus/concentrate on（集中注意力）这一四级核心词组。

二、倒装句：考过三次，需要注意的前半句与后半句时态应前后呼应。

1）大纲样题88题：Not only （他向我收费过高），but he didn’t do a good repair job either.

解析：答案为did he charge me too much/overcharge me，本句后半句使用了一般过去时，前半句也应使用一般过去时，not only放在句首引导倒装句。“收费过多”可译为overcharge me或charge me too much.。

2）2008年6月91题：（直到他完成使命）did he realize that he was seriously ill.

解析：答案为Not until he had accomplished his mission，此题后半句使用一般过去时，前半句动作发生在后半句之前，应使用过去完成时。Not until放在句首引导倒装句，“完成使命”应译为accomplish the mission。

3）2010年6月88题：The manager never laughed；neither （她也从来没有发过脾气）.

解析：答案为did she lose her temper，前半句使用一般过去时，后半句也应使用一般过去时。“发脾气”应译为lose one’s temper，neither放在句首引导倒装句。

三、被动语态：考过六次

1）2006年6月91题：Though a skilled worker，（他被公司解雇了）last week because of the economic crisis.

解析：答案为he was fired by the company，需要注意的是，本句应使用一般过去时。

2）2007年12月91题：Many Americans live on credit，and their quality of life （是用他们能够借到多少来衡量），not how much they can earn.

解析：答案为is measured by how much they can borrow，“用···来衡量”应译为is measuered by；by后面接how much引导的宾语从句。

3）2008年6月87题：Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research （能应用于新技术的开发）

解析：答案为can be applied to the development of new technology，“应用于”应译为be applied to。

4）2008年12月91题：The anti-virus agent was not known （直到一名医生偶然发现

owner shi p as the F oundati on of a planned commodity economy; 13 session at a time whe n both t he ol d and the new system cha nge, gover nance a nd re ctify the economic order; 14 ... Fair and efficie nt and aut horitative Socialist judi cial system, safeguard t he people's intere sts. Legal authority t o uphol d the Constituti on, dee peni ng the reform of administrative law e nforceme nt, ensure t hat the rig ht to exercise judicial pow er indepe nde ntly and impartially a ccordi ng to law the prosecution, perfecting the runni ng mechanism of judi cial powe r, improve t he system of judi cial pr otection of huma n rights. Ple nary session, Affairs the right to a dhere to the system, and let the people a uthority to let the pow er run in the Sun, is shut up i n a cage of the system power poli cy. Deci sion Scie nce, impleme ntation shoul d be constructed strong, supervise the runni ng of powerful syste m, improve the system of punishing a nd preventing corr upti on, promoti ng political i ntegrity, a nd strive to achieve

cadres ' honest and Gover nment integrit y, cle an politics. To form a scientific and effective coordi nation of power restricti on a nd mechanisms to stre ngthe n anti-corr upti on i nstituti onal i nnovation a nd i nstituti onal protecti on, sound improveme nt style normal system. Ple nary session, buil ding a sociali st cult ure in Chi na, e nha nci ng national cultural soft pow er, must adhere to the orientati on of a dvanced Socialist cultur e, adhere to the devel opme nt of Soci alist culture wit h Chi nese characteristi cs, a dhere t o the people-centre d work-orie nted, further dee pe ning reform of culture. o improve the cult ural manageme nt system, establi sh a nd impr ove the modern market system a nd buil ding modern public cult ural service system, improve t he level of culture ope ning. Ple nary session, achievi ng devel opment re sults more equitable benefit of all people, we must speed up reform of social programs a nd solve the i ssues of concern t o t he people the most dire ct and rea l interest, a nd better meet

了他）.

解析：答案为until it was accidently found by a doctor，本句使用被动语态更加地道，“偶然”可译为accidentally或by accident。

5）2009年6月91题：The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is （与缺乏锻炼密切相关）.

解析：答案为closely related to the lack of exercise，“与······密切相关”应译为be closely related to；“缺乏锻炼”译为the lack of exercise。

6）2010年6月89题：We look forward to （被邀请出席开幕式）.

解析：答案为being invited to attend the opening ceremony。本句前半句出现了look forward to，此处的to为介词，后面应使用动名词形式；“被邀请”应译为be invited to；“出席”应译为attend；“开幕式”译为opening ceremony。

四、虚拟语气：考过五次。

最常考的考点有两个：一是require或suggest等动词+that引导的建议句型，后面应使用should+动词原形，should可以省略；二是从句使用if引导的过去完成时，主句使用would+现在完成时。

1）2006年6月89题：The professor required that（我们交研究报告）by Wednesday.

解析：答案为we hand in our research report （s）。前半句使用requeire+that引导的建议句型，属于虚拟语气的一种。后半句应使用should+动词原形，should可以省略。“研究报告”使用单复数均可。

2）2006年12月89题：The victim （本来有机会活下来）if he had been taken to hospital in time.

解析：答案为would have had a chance to survive/of survival。后半句是条件状语从句，使用了过去完成时，前半句主句应使用would+现在完成时。“活下来”可译为to survive 或of survival作后置定语。

3）2009年6月88题：If he had returned an hour earlier，Mary （就不会被大雨淋了）.

解析：答案为wouldn’t have been caught by the heavy rain。前半句是条件状语从句，使用了过去完成时，后半句主句应使用would+现在完成时。“大雨”应译为heavy rain。

4）2009年12月87题：You would not have failed if you （按照我的指令去做）.

解析：答案为had followed my instructions。前半句主句出现了would+现在完成时，后半句条件状语从句应使用过去完成时。“按照”应译为follow；“指令”译为instruction。

5）2010年6月90题：It is suggested that the air conditioner （要安装在窗户旁边）.

解析：答案为（should）be fixed/installed beside the window。前半句使用了it is suggested that引导的建议句型，属于特殊虚拟语气的一种，后半句应使用should+动词原形。“安装”应译为fix或install；“在窗户旁边”译为beside the window。

大学英语四级六级写作亮眼词汇

1. 认为，主张argue, maintain, hold, believe

2. 考虑take…sth. into consideration, consider, ponder, meditate, contemplate, think over, reflect on/ upon, meditate on the matter(思考这问题)，ponder over

3. 下结论，断定come into conclusion, arrive at the conclusion, draw the conclusion, conclude, decide, assert(宣称)

4. 获得acquire, obtain, attain, reap

5. 赢得，取得earn, gain, procure

6. 支持，赞成approve of, in favor of, uphold, stand by one's side, agree with, give one's assent

7. 提倡advocate, recommend

owner shi p as the F oundati on of a planned commodity economy; 13 session at a time whe n both t he ol d and the new system cha nge, gover nance a nd re ctify the economic order; 14 ... Fair and efficie nt and aut horitative Socialist judi cial system, safeguard t he people's intere sts. Legal authority t o uphol d the Constituti on, dee peni ng the reform of administrative law e nforceme nt, ensure t hat the rig ht to exercise judicial pow er indepe nde ntly and impartially a ccordi ng to law the prosecution, perfecting the runni ng mechanism of judi cial powe r, improve t he system of judi cial pr otection of huma n rights. Ple nary session, Affairs the right to a dhere to the system, and let the people a uthority to let the pow er run in the Sun, is shut up i n a cage of the system power poli cy. Deci sion Scie nce, impleme ntation shoul d be constructed strong, supervise the runni ng of powerful syste m, improve the system of punishing a nd preventing corr upti on, promoti ng political i ntegrity, a nd strive to achieve

cadres ' honest and Gover nment integrit y, cle an politics. To form a scientific and effective coordi nation of power restricti on a nd mechanisms to stre ngthe n anti-corr upti on i nstituti onal i nnovation a nd i nstituti onal protecti on, sound improveme nt style normal system. Ple nary session, buil ding a sociali st cult ure in Chi na, e nha nci ng national cultural soft pow er, must adhere to the orientati on of a dvanced Socialist cultur e, adhere to the devel opme nt of Soci alist culture wit h Chi nese characteristi cs, a dhere t o the people-centre d work-orie nted, further dee pe ning reform of culture. o improve the cult ural manageme nt system, establi sh a nd impr ove the modern market system a nd buil ding modern public cult ural service system, improve t he level of culture ope ning. Ple nary session, achievi ng devel opment re sults more equitable benefit of all people, we must speed up reform of social programs a nd solve the i ssues of concern t o t he people the most dire ct and rea l interest, a nd better meet

8. 反对opposite, object to

9. 抵制resist

10. 意义深远的，重大的far-reaching, profound, significant, eventful(变故多的，重要的)

11. 重要的，有决定性的vital, crucial, critical, decisive

12. 充分运用optimize, make best use of, make full use of,

13. 使用employ, utilize(vt。)

14. 应用apply

15. 后来，然后afterwards, later on, later, after all

16. 高兴的，心情好的be in a good mood, happy, cheerful, joyful, Joyous, pleased, delighted

17. 当前，目前nowadays, at present, currently, presently

18. 表达voice, convey, express, deliver, communicate

19. 描绘，描述，描写depict, describe, picture

20. 勤奋的，勤勉的diligent, studious(慎重的)，industrious, assiduous

21. 认真的，谨慎的conscientious, cautious

22. 冷静的，清醒的sober, reasonable, sensible, rational

23. 聪明的，有才智的intelligent，bright，wise，brilliant

24. 疲惫不堪的exhausted，fatigued，run－down，worn－out，weary

25. 适应be adapted to，be accustomed to，be adjusted to

26. 阻碍，阻止hinder(后面的)，curb(路边)，hamper, restrain, prevent, ward off, avoid

27. 好处，优点advantage，merit，benefit

28. 坏处，缺点disadvantage, defect, flaw, drawback, deficiency

29. 参加participate in, attend, take part in, go in for, engage in

30. 集中精力于focus on, center on, concentrate on

31. 专心于set one's mind on

32. 抽出时间做set aside, put aside, spare

33. 依赖，依靠rely on, lean on

34. 沮丧的，失意的frustrated, discouraged, depressed, down-hearted, disheartened, low-spirited

35. 努力做，尽力做attempt to, make efforts to, endeavor(尽力) to, manage to do

36. 进步，成就，成绩advancement, achievement, accomplishment, feat, fulfillment, progress (v)

37. 志气，抱负，渴望aspiration, ambition, yearning, thirst, long for, aspire after/ aspire to sth./ aspire to do sth。

38. 禁止ban, disallow(不接受)，prohibit, forbid, ban sth./ ban sb. from doing

39. 除……之外apart from, in addition to, along with

40. 开展，实施，做practice, carry on, conduct, perform, implement (Bring into effect, put in practice。)

lenary sessi on, e ach session of the Ce ntral Committee of nati onal i nstituti ons and personnel pr oblem s have been arra nged, yo u ca n concentrate on nati onal development a nd reforms. Previous ple nary se ssion is ofte n branded w ith a central leadi ng collective, often by l ooki ng at the thir d plenum of the initiative t o found the curre nt central lea dership colle ctive gover nance characteristi cs. From the analysis of the process of economic reform i n Chi na, plenary sessi on, 12 session, 14, 16 ple nary se ssion have programmatic meani ng, respective ly, marking t he four stage s of Chi na's economi c reform, and t hat the start-up phase of reform, reform, construction pha se and perfe cting the S ocial ist market economy framework stage of sociali st market economy. Previous ple nary session topics propose d to the third plenary sessi on of "taking class struggle as t he key link," shifted to socialist moder nization; 12 session marked t he change from rural to urba n, esta blished wit h public owner shi p as the F oundati on of a planned commodity economy; 13 session at a time whe n both t he ol d and the new system cha nge, gover nance a nd re ctify the economic order; 14 ... Fair and efficie nt and aut horitative Socialist judi cial system, safeguard t he people's intere sts. Legal authority t o uphol d the Constituti on, dee peni ng the reform of administrative law e nforceme nt, ensure t hat the rig ht to exercise judicial pow er indepe nde ntly and impartially a ccordi ng to law the prosecution, perfecting the runni ng mechanism of judi cial powe r, improve t he system of judi cial pr otection of huma n rights. Ple nary session, Affairs the right to a dhere to the system, and let the people a uthority to let the pow er run in the Sun, is shut up i n a cage of the system power poli cy. Deci sion Scie nce, impleme ntation shoul d be constructed strong, supervise the runni ng of powerful syste m, improve the system of punishing a nd preventing corr upti on, promoti ng political i ntegrity, a nd strive to achieve cadres ' honest and Gover nment integrit y, cle an politics. To form a scientific and effective coordi nation of power restricti on a nd mechanisms to stre ngthe n anti-corr upti on i nstituti onal i nnovation a nd i nstituti onal protecti on, sound improveme nt style normal system. Ple nary session, buil ding a sociali st cult ure in Chi na, e nha nci ng national cultural soft pow er, must adhere to the orientati on of a dvanced Socialist cultur e, adhere to the devel opme nt of Soci alist culture wit h Chi nese characteristi cs, a dhere t o the people-centre d work-orie nted, further dee pe ning reform of culture. o improve the cult ural manageme nt system, establi sh a nd impr ove the modern market system a nd buil ding modern public cult ural service system, improve t he level of culture ope ning. Ple nary session, achievi ng devel opment re sults more equitable benefit of all people, we must speed up reform of social programs a nd solve the i ssues of concern t o t he people the most dire ct and rea l interest, a nd better meet

lenary sessi on, ea ch sessi on of the Ce ntral Committee of nati onal i nstituti ons a nd personnel problems have bee n arrange d, you can conce ntrate on national devel opme nt and reforms. Previous pl enary se ssi on is often brande d with a central leadi ng collective, often by l ooki ng at the third plenum of the i nit iative to found the current ce ntral leader shi p coll ective gover nance characteri stics. From the analysis of the process of economic reform in Chi na, pl enary se ssi on, 12 session, 14, 16 ple nary session have pr ogrammatic meaning, respectivel y, marking the four stages of China's economic reform, a nd that the start-up phase of reform, reform, construction phase a nd perfecting t he Socialist market economy framework stage of sociali st market economy. Previous ple nary session topi cs propose d to the t hird pl enary se ssi on of "taking cla ss str uggle as the key li nk," shi fted to socia list modernizati on; 12 session marked the chang e from rural to urba n, esta blished wit h publi owner shi p as the Foundation of a pla nne d commodity economy; 13 session at a time whe n bot h the old and the new system cha nge, governance and rectify the e conomic order; 14 ... Fair and efficient a nd a uthoritative Sociali st judicial system, safeguard the pe ople's interests. Legal authority to uphol d the Constitution, deepe ning t he reform of administrative law e nforceme nt, ensure that the right to exercise judicial power i ndepe nde ntly and impartially accor ding to law t he pr ose cution, perfecting the running me cha nism of judicial pow er, impr ove the system of judi cial prote ction of huma n rights. Pl enary sessi on, Affairs the right to a dher e to the system, a nd let the pe ople a uthority to let the power r un in t he Sun, is shut up in a cage of the system power poli cy. Deci sion Scie nce, im plementation should be constru cted str ong, supervise the running of pow erful system, i mprove the system of puni shi ng and preventi ng corrupti on, promoti ng p olitical integrit y, and strive to a chieve cadres ' hone st and Gover nment integrit y, clea n politics. To form a scientific a nd effective coor dinati on of power restri ction and mecha nisms t o strengthen anti-corruption instituti onal innovation and instituti onal prote ction, sound improveme nt style normal system. Ple nary session, buil ding a sociali st cult ure in Chi na, enhancing national c ultural soft powe r, must a dhere t o the ori entation of advanced S ociali st cult ure, a dhere t o the dev elopment of Socialist culture wit h Chinese characteristi cs, a dhere t o the people-centre d work-orie nted, further dee peni ng reform of cult ure. o improve the cult ural management sy stem, establish and improve t he modern market system and buildi ng moder n publi c cultural servi ce system, impr ove the level of cult ure openi ng. Ple nary se ssion, a chievi ng devel opme nt results more equitable benefit of all people, we m ust spee d up reform of social programs a nd solve the i ssue s of concern to the pe ople t he most direct and real interest, and better meet the nee ds of the people. To deepe n educati on reform, improve i nstituti onal me cha nisms for the13

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