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Will 和 Shall的区别

Will 和 Shall的区别

1.按照英国英语传统用法,第一人称(I,We)用shall构成一般将来时,其他人称则用will构成一般将来时。但是

在美国英语中,will用于所有人称的一般将来时。

2.但是这并不意味着will和shall毫无区别。

Shall和will除了作助动词,构成一般将来时之外,还可以用作情态动词,表达不同的情态含义:

一位法国人失足掉入河内,大喊“Help!” 一位英国人见此情景正准备脱衣服救人,突然听到那位法国人喊道:”I will be drown and no one shall save me!”那位英国人重新穿好衣服便走开了。

按照英国人的理解,这里的will做“意愿”“决心”解,而shall做“必须”解,全句的意思是:“我决心淹死,谁也不许来救我!”而那位法国人本来是想说:“我快要淹死了,谁也不来救我!”

3.当shall使用在第二人称和第三人称时,表示说话人的意愿或者承诺。

4.Shall还可以用来表示条约,法令等必须执行的任务,用于第三人称,相当于“must”。

Would 用法归纳

Would 用法归纳 1 . would用在陈述语气中,表示过去将来时,表示有意识的行动或意志,常用于间接引语中,译为“要;偏要;愿”。例如: I said I would do my best.我表示过要尽最大努力。 He said he would do me a favor.他说他愿意帮助我。 2. would 用在陈述语气中,表示过去将来时,表示无意识的行动或单纯将来发生的事或动作,指实际情况,译为“将,会”。例如: He told me he would he free tonight.他告诉我他今晚有空。 He said he would turn up on time.他说他会准时出席。 3. would 用于表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作。译为“总会,总是”。 例如: Sometimes I would come home late.有时我总是迟回家。 He would read in the sun.他过去常在阳光下读书。 4. would 用于过去的否定句中,表示拒绝,或无此习惯或不可能,译为“不肯,总是不”。 He wouldn't give the names of his partners.他拒绝讲出他的伙伴们的名字。

5. 用于对过去事情的推测,译为“大概”。例如: That would be in spring 1964.那大概是1964年春天的事情。 6. Would 例如:——Of course, he broke the glass.当然是他把杯子打破了。——Oh, he would .哦,还会是谁呢。 7. would = could 译为“能,能够”。例如: The room would seat 50 persons这房间能穿纳50人 8.用于虚拟语气的主句中。例如 If I were your, I would quit smoking.如果我是你,我就戒烟。 If you were a bird, you would fly. 9。Would (that) I were a superman.我要是超人那该多好啊。 10、表示要求、邀请、希望或询问,其后常接like, love, prefer, mind 等动词。 Would you please show me the way? 请你指点指点路线好吗? Would you like to go shopping with me? 愿和我一起去购物吗

情态动词1.(can ,may,will,shall)

情态动词 1.can / could a.表示能力 He can speak a little Japanese in addition to English. Man cannot live without air. Can you finish this work tonight? b.表示许可 You can(not) have the book. Can I use your

phone? could也可表示请求,语气更委婉,主要用于疑问句,不可用于肯定句,答语应用can (即:could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中),如: --Could l come to see you tomorrow morning7 --Yes,you can.(否定答语可用No,I'm afraid not.) Could you please …? Could I use your

dictionary? --- Yes, you can. c. 有时候会 He is a bad-tempered fellow, but sometimes he can be charming. They can be very valuable. d. 在否定句和疑问句中表示猜测(can’t不可能) Someone is knocking. Who can it be? It can’t be Mr. Li. Because he is away on business.不

可能,肯定不 It can’t have rained last night, for it is dry outside. e. 与possibly 连用; 用于as…as one can Can/could sb. possibly Can he possibly come? What on earth can she possibly mean? I will come back as soon as I can. Sb. can't/couldn't possibly 某人不可能 I can't possibly allow you

will-和-be-going-to的区别

Will(shall) & be going to 将来时态区别 一般将来时表示在将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。 一 . 一般将来时的构成: 1. 由助动词“ shall/ will +动词原形”构成,shall 用于第一人称,will 用于第二、第三人称,而美式英语在陈述句中无论什么人称,一律用will 。 2. 一般将来时的否定和疑问形式: 一般将来时的否定形式是will not ,缩写为won't; shall not ,缩写为shan't 。 一般将来时的疑问形式是把will/ shall 提到主语前。如: He won’t go to the park this Sunday. 本周日他不去公园。 Will you go swimming with me? 和我一起去游泳好吗? 二 . 一般将来时的基本用法: 1. 表示“纯粹的将来”: ①表示将要发生的动作或情况,常带有表示将来的时间状语,如tomorrow, next week, in two days, from now on 等。如:It will be fine tomorrow. 明天天气晴朗。 ②表示预料将要发生的动作或情况。如: You will feel better after having this medicine. 吃了这药,你就会感觉好些的。 ③表示由于习惯倾向而会经常发生的动作,本用法中的will 要重读。如:Boys will be boys. 〔谚语〕男孩毕竟是男孩。

2. 表示“带有情态意义的将来”,用来表示意图,用will 来表示。如: I will be more careful next time. 下次我要更加小心。 I won't go shopping this afternoon, but she will.今天下午我不想去购物,但她想去。 will 在疑问句中,用来表示有礼貌地征询对方的意见。如: Will you have some more tea? 要不要再喝点茶? What shall we do this weekend? 本周末我们要干什么? 三 . 一般将来时的其它几种表示法: 1. 用be going to 表示: be going to 相当于一个助动词,与其后的动词原形一起构成句子的谓语,表示近期将要发生的动作或存在的状态。如: I'm going to see a film this afternoon. 今天下午我想去看电影。 ①“ be going to +动词原形”表示主观上打算在将来某个时间要做某事。如:Her mother is going to buy her a new bike. 她妈妈要给她买辆新自行车。 ②“ be going to +动词原形”还可以表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为将要发生的事。如:It's going to rain. 快要下雨了。 2. 用一般现在时表示将来意义 句中的动词是一般现在时,但所表示的意义却是一般将来时。如: Are you free tomorrow? =Are you going to be free tomorrow? 你明天有空吗?

will与would用法详解

will与would用法详解 1. 表示意愿 will 表示现在的意愿,would表示过去的意愿: I will pay you at the rate you ask. 我愿意照你要求的价钱付款。 Go where you will. 你愿到哪里就到哪里。 He wouldn’t help me yesterday. 他昨天不愿帮助我。 She asked if I would go with them. 她问我是否愿同他们一 起去。 【注】(1)表示“意愿”的 will 有时可用于条件句中: If you will allow me, I will see you home. 如果你同意, 我可以送你回家。 (2) would也可表示现在的意愿,语气较委婉: I’d go there with you. 我愿同你去那儿。 I wouldn’t go. 我不会去。 2. 表示征求意见或提出请求 主要用于第二人称的疑问句中,will和would均可用,would此时并不表过去,而表示委婉语气: Won’t you take off your coat 你要不要把大衣脱掉 Will [would] you please post the letter for me 请帮我寄 了这封信好吗 Would Sunday night suit you 星期天晚上适合你吗 【注】(1)有时为使语气委婉,可用否定式。总的说来,用would 比用will委婉,用won’t和wouldn’t比单独用will和would要 委婉。 (2)would有时用于提出想法,通常与like, love, hate, prefer, be glad, be happy等连用,若用于第一人称有时也可将would换成should: I’d lik e [love] to have a look at it. 我想看看它。 I would prefer not to go out today. 我今天不想出去。 3. 表示习惯和倾向性 will表示现在的习惯,would表示过去的习惯: Oil will float on water. 油总是浮在水上。

Shall would 区别

Shall would 区别 今日语法:助动词shall(should)和will(would) 助动词shall(should)和will(would)可以用于构成各种将来和过去将来时态。shall(should)用于第一人称,will(would)用于第二,三人称。在当代英语中(尤其是美国英语中)will(would)常用于一切人称。 ①shall用于各种将来时态的第一人称(当代英语中多用will) 如:We shall be going away tomorrow by an early train. 我们将于明日搭早班火车离开。 I shall let you know as soon as i have heard from them. 我一接到他们的信,当即告诉你。 ②should 用于各种过去将来时态第一人称(当代英语中多用would) 如:So this was the place where i should study for three years.It made a bad first impression. 后来,这就是我学习三年的地方,它给我的第一印象可不好。 The BBC weather report this morning said that we should have rain.

英国广播公司今晨的天气预报说,我们这儿将有雨。 ③will用于各种将来时态的第二,三人称 如:They will be looking for anyone connected with her. 他们将寻找每一个和她有往来的人。 The play is coming off in August----By then the play will have been running for three months. 这个剧将于八月停演---到那个时候它将连演三个月了。 ④would 用于各种过去将来时态的第二,三人称 如:They said it would be fine 人们说天气会很好。 They would have finished by five o'clock. 他们将于五点前完工

完整版would like的用法

1 的用法would like would like ”意为“想要”,其语气比用like 婉转些。具体用法如下: 1. 后面接名词或代词,表示“具体要”某样东西。例如: I'd like two sweaters for my daughters.(我想给我的女儿们买两件毛衣。) Would you like one of these mooncakes?(你想要一块这样的月饼吗?) 2. 后面接动词不定式,表示“愿望,喜爱”,常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。例如: I would like to drop maths.(我想放弃数学。) Would you like to come to supper?(你愿意来吃晚饭吗?) 3. 当主语是第一人称时,would 可与should 换用,它们都可以缩写为'd ,并且like 也可换成love .例如: I'm sure he would love to come.(我确信他愿意来。) I should like the red one. (我想要红色的。) 4. “would like ”后面可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语。例如: What would you like me to do?(你想要我干什么?) I'd like you to meet my parents,too.(我想要你也见见我的父母。) 我想要一些苹果。 I some apples. I some apples. 2. 汤姆想打网球。 Tom tennis. 3. 我妈妈想让我早点回家。 My mother home early. 【提示】 would like意为“想,想要”,与want意义相同,但语气更委婉。would like可与任何人称连用,没有人称和数的变化,肯定句中would常在主语后面缩写为'd。 肯定句:主语+ would like … 一般疑问句:Would + 主语+ like …? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+ would + 主语+ like …?

be going to和will的区别

b e g o i n g t o与w i l l的区别 begoingto与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事,但它们有如下几点区别:1.begoingto表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will表示的将来时间则较远一些,如:Heisgoingtowritealettertonight.Hewillwriteabookoneday. 2.begoingto表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。Heisseriouslyill.Heisgoingtodie.Hewillbetwentyyearsold. 3.begoingto含有“计划,准备”的意思,而will则没有这个意思,如:Sheisgoingtolendusherbook.Hewillbehereinhalfanhour. 4.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用begoingto,而多用will,如:Ifanybeastscomeatyou,I'llstaywithyouandhelpyou will和begoingto的选用原则 1.关于“打算” 原先作好的打算用“begoingto”。 “Kateisinhospital.”“Yes,Iknow.Iamgoingtoseeherthisafternoon.”“凯特在住院。”“是的,我知道。我下午要去看她。” 说话时即时的打算用“will”。 “Kateisinhospital.”“Oh,really,Ididn’tknow.Iwillgoandseeheratonce.”“凯特在住院。”“哦,是吗我都不知道呢。我得马上去看她。” 2.关于“预料” 在有迹象表明的情况下的预料用“begoingto” Lookattheclouds.It’sgoingtorain.你看天上的云。快下雨了。MyGod!Wearegoingtocrash.天哪!我们快撞车了。 在没有迹象表明的情况下进行的猜测用“will,begoingto”皆可。Ithinktheweatherwillbenice.Ithinktheweatherisgoingtobenice.我想天会晴朗。DoyouthinkthecarwillstartDoyouthinkthecarisgoingtostart你想车能发动起来吗 当动词表示内心活动时,表示猜测的句子必须用“will”IthinkshewilllikethecakeImadeforher.我想她会喜欢我为她做的蛋糕。 "begoingto"中的be是助动词,它有am,is,are三种形式,没有什么实际意义;to是动词不定式的标志词,标志词后动词用原形。它们三个总是形影不离,在句中共同表达"计划、打算、准备去做……"的意思。如: Iamgoingtosellthisoldcar,andbuyanewone.我打算卖掉这辆旧车,然后买辆新车。 现在进行时be doing表示将来 现在进行时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或打算要进行的动作;通常带一个表将来的时间状语, 但有明确的上下文时无须指出时间。 能用进行时表将来的动词:并非所有动词 go, come, leave, start, arrive, give, return, sleep ,stay, play, do, take, get, see off, travel, fly, drive, walk, reach, meet…等常见的部分表位移的非延续性行为动词 1)come, go, stay, arrive, leave 等趋向动词的现在进行时经常用于表示将来确切的计划。 eg:I am leaving here next Tuesday. My sister is staying here for three months. 2) 表示交通方式、行程安排的动词,例如fly, walk, ride, drive, take (a bus, a taxi)等的现在进行时也经常用于表示将来。 eg:I am flying to Shanghai tomorrow

should和would用法

Should & Would 用法 should的用法: 1、(用于间接引语,表示)将 We said we shouldn't arrive till 6. 我们说过我们六点才能到。 "If it should rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be postponed." "要是明天下雨,比赛就延期举行。" 2、(和that一起用于表示意愿的动词和形容词之后) He was keen that she should go to college. 他渴望她能上大学。 3、(在条件句中与第一人称连用)可能;会 I should have bought it if I had enough money. 如果当时我有足够的钱,我会把它买下来的。 4、(表示责任或义务)必须,应该 Children should obey their parents. 儿童应该服从他们的父母。 5、(表示可能之事)可能 It should be fine tomorrow. 明天可能天晴。 6、(表示不确定)万一 If I should see him, I'll tell him. 万一我见到他,我就告诉他。 would的用法: 1、[表示过去将来时, 用于第二、三人称](第一人称英国用 should, 美国用 would) 将, 会 He said he would come.他说他要来。 2、[表示意愿]愿; 偏要, 肯 He would eat nothing.他不肯吃东西; 他什么也不愿吃。 I told him not to go, but he would not listen.我叫他别去, 可他偏不听。 3、[表示过去的习惯动作]常常, 总是 He would sit for hours doing nothing.过去他常常坐几个钟头什么事也不做。 He would come to see us on Sundays.过去星期天他经常来看望我们。 4、[表示推测]大概, 该是 I would be about ten when my brother left home.我哥哥离开家时, 我大概十岁左右。 5、[表示某种假设的意志]想要, 愿意 I could do so if I would.要是我愿意, 我能够这样做(但我不愿意)。 If you would do this for me, I should be grateful indeed.若是你愿意为我做这件事, 我将万分感激。 6、[表示虚拟, 假设, 虚构, 用于虚拟条件句的主句第二、第三人称, 美国也用于第一人称]要, 会, 就会, 将要They would be killed if the car went over the cliff.如果汽车翻在悬崖下, 他们就会丧命。 They would have been killed if the car had gone over the cliff.如果汽车当时翻到悬崖下, 他们早就丧命了。 7、[表示请求或个人想法、看法, 使语气更婉转]请 Would you kindly show me the way to the station? 劳驾, 请问到车站的路怎么走? I would like to speak a few words. 我想讲几句话。 It would seem that he was right. 看来他倒是对的。 8、[表示假想的愿望]但愿, 要是...多好 Would [I would] that they were safe home again! 愿他们再能平安回家 ! Would that I were young again. 我若能再年青些该多好啊! 1

will和shall的区别

will和shall的区别 shll一般用于第一人称,比如shall we go to the park而will一般用于二三人称will you go with me 另外: 助动词shall和will的用法和区别 shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时。例如: I shall study harder at English. 我将更加努力地学习英语。 He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。 I shall not come if it rains tomorrow. 如明天下雨我就不来。 My brother will leave for the United States next week. 我的哥哥下星期要到美国去。 在过去的语法中,语法学家说shall用于第一人称,will 只用于第二、第三人称。现在,尤其是在口语中,will也常用于第一人称。 关于“shall/will”的用法的五个规则: ①说或写都尽量使用“I'll, You'll, He'll , She'll , It'll, We'll , They'll …”的简缩形。例如: I’ll answer your question. You’ll read my blog. He’ll point out my mistake. She’ll like my essays. It’ll be a hot night for me. We’ll go to bed. They’ll wake up here. ②要表达主语的“意志”,通常都用“will”(文法上称为意志将来。) I won't see him again. 我不愿意再和他见面。 Who will go and help that poor old man? 谁愿意去帮助那个可怜的老人? Mary will. (玛丽愿意。) ③说话者要把自己的“意志”表达或行使出去,通常用“shall”。 You shall not do that again. 你不可以再做那样的事。 He shall return that book tomorrow. 明天他必须把那本书归还。 ④第一人称问句使用“shall”。 Shall I call you a taxi? 需要我替你叫一辆出租车吗? Shall we tell her the truth? 我们可以把实情告诉她吗? ⑤问句是“Shall…?”,答句就用“shall ~”;问句用“Will …?”,答句就用“will ~ ”。 Shall you go to school tomorrow? 你明天须要上学去吗? Yes, I shall. We'll have an exam.

shall的用法:

S h a l l的用法:-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

Shall 的用法: 1.表将来时,用于第一人称(其他人称多用will) 2.用于第一、三人称疑问句中,征求对方意见(第二人称用will /would)3.用于二、三人称肯定句中,表示许诺、威胁、命令、规定、警告等语气Exercises: 1. ---Can I pay the bill by check? ---Sorry, sir. But it is the management rule of our hotel that payment ___ be made in cash. A. shall B. need C. will C. can 2. It has been announced that all test tickers ____ remain in their seats until all the exam papers have been collected. A. can B. may C. shall D. will 3. ---____ I book a table for dinner a few days ahead of time? ---Yes, you ____. The restaurant is always full, especially during the holidays. A. Must, will B. Must, can C. Shall, shall D. Shall, must (D) 4. I promise you _____ have the money as soon as I get it. A. should B. would C. shall D. must 5. ---Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report. ---You _____ have my computer if you don’t take care of it. A. might not B. shan’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 6. You _____ fail to pass the entrance examination if you don’t study hard. A. shall B. could C. must D. should 7. “The interest _____ be divided into five parts, according t the agreement made by both sides” declared the judge. A. may B. should C. must D. shall 8. ---The research on rescuing as many coal miners as possible is challenging and demanding. Who do you think can do the job? ---_______ my colleague have a try? A. Shall B. Must C. Will D. Should 9. All visitors are waiting outside, Doctor White. ____ they come in together or separately? A. Will B. Can C. Shall D. Would 10. According to the rule, anyone _____ ask the manager for permission before leaving. A. may B. shall C. should D. must 11. You _____ not get my support if you do such a thing. A. must B. may C. shall D. need 12. ---We need a person badly to be in charge of this design. ---____ the new comer have a try? A. May B. Will C. Shall D. Need 2

would的用法

will, be going to 和would的用法区别 will, be going to 和would都有将要或将会干什么的意思,但是在用法上有很大的区别。 will 通常表示确定或计划好了的将来会/要发生的事,一般不以个人的主观意志为转移,或者主观上决定了不再改变的事。比如:I will be 30 next month(不是我啊). It will rain tomorrow (根据气象台的报道). I will donate $1000 to my alma mater(也不是我啊)。 be going to通常表示即将要做或发生的事,主观愿望或判断很强烈,中文里相当于“打算”。美语口语常说成gonna. I am going to play soccer this afternoon. It's gonna be raining (我的判断). I am not gonna buy that car right now, but I'll do it after I get a job. (感受一下going to 和 will的差别) 两者的区别还在于,will 较 be going to 更书面化一些,be going to更口语化,通常说成gonna, 但说be going to也很正常,不过,如果你说英语不是那么地道就不要说gonna,否则人家反而觉得别扭。好比一个普通话都说不清楚的南方人,到了北京,本来人家也不会笑话你什么,不过你什么都没学会就,“边儿去”倒说得挺标准,还老用个没完,那听了可就有点儿别扭了。另外,有时候will 和be going to 的区别 也不明显,两者常可以互换使用,初学者不用太为计较。 至于 would,很有讲头啊。它原来是will的过去式。所以它的第一功能是表示过去将会发生的事。 比如: He told me he would not eat my mom's pancake. The baby was born to a poor farmer's family. Nobody knew he would become the 21th president o f United States of America 40 years later. (这是我随口瞎编的啊) The driver would have been in trouble if he'd drunk that night. would的第二层用法是最常见的和like或love联用,表示很想或很愿意做一件事,love则比like更为强烈。有些朋友想学一些最基本实用有趣的东西,这里我就引用一个美国朋友给我发的email中的一段,他恰好like和love都用了。We would like you to join our family for a traditional Christmas dinner on 25 December. We woul d love to have you come to Estes Park and enjoy a meal at our table and see some of our winter beauty. would的第三层用法在于,表示客气,猜测或不确定等软化的语气。我们知道,英文里很多情愿动词 都有这个用法,比如may-might, can-could (将另文介绍)。 客气:Your assistance would be highly appreciated. Would you give me a hand? Would you shut up? 猜测或不确定:Jim would not stay there for a long time. 如果这里用will或is going to 来取代,则表示说话的人有足够的理由或证据做这个判断,Jim计划中不会呆太久,或他这次没打算呆太久。用would只表示一种猜测,基于对Jim这个人一贯做法的了解,而不是瞎猜的。言下之意就是说,(以Jim这个人 的一贯做法),他是不会在那儿呆太长时间的。 由此引出would的第四种用法,表示一种倾向和一贯做法。比如:I would say I don't like Bush's administration. 这里省略的潜台词是,(如果你一定要我下一个

shall与will的区别

shall与will的区别 shll一般用于第一人称,比如shall we go to the park而will一般用于二三人称will you go with me 另外: 助动词shall和will的用法和区别 shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时。例如: I shall study harder at English. 我将更加努力地学习英语。 He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。 I shall not come if it rains tomorrow. 如明天下雨我就不来。 My brother will leave for the United States next week. 我的哥哥下星期要到美国去。 在过去的语法中,语法学家说shall用于第一人称,will 只用于第二、第三人称。现在,尤其是在口语中,will也常用于第一人称。 关于“shall/will”的用法的五个规则: ①说或写都尽量使用“I'll, You'll, He'll , She'll , It'll, We'll , They'll…”的简缩形。例如: I’ll answer your question. You’ll read my blog. He’ll point out my mistake. She’ll like my essays. It’ll be a hot night for me. We’ll go to bed. They’ll wake up here. ②要表达主语的“意志”,通常都用“will”(文法上称为意志将来。) I won't see him again. 我不愿意再和他见面。 Who will go and help that poor old man? 谁愿意去帮助那个可怜的老人? Mary will. (玛丽愿意。) ③说话者要把自己的“意志”表达或行使出去,通常用“shall”。 You shall not do that again. 你不可以再做那样的事。 He shall return that book tomorrow. 明天他必须把那本书归还。

will的用法

1.表示将来的动作或状态。 2.WILL+原形不定式表示简单将来。 3.would+原形不定式表示过去将来。 He will go to America tomorrow. 他明天将要去美国。 He said he would finish it on time. 他说他会按时完成它。 4.表示说话者或主语的意愿,决心,意向。 I will do it. 我将做这件事。 He would never give up. 他绝不放弃。 5.WILL用于一些祈使句的附加疑问句。 Let's go to the movies, will you? 让我们去看电影,好吗? 6.would可表示过去的习惯动作。 Sometimes we would go to the mountains. 有时候我们会到山里去。 7.would可表示客气的请求。 Would you pass me the bottle? 请你递给我那个瓶子好吗? 8.would可用于假设法,后接原形不定式或完成时。 If I were young, I would go traveling. 要是我年轻,我会去旅行。 If I had had enough money, I would have bought the car. 如果我有足够的钱,我就会买下那部车。 9.惯用语would rather+原形不定式,表示宁愿。【参见时态,虚拟语气】 I would rather go to school than stay at home. 我宁愿上学去而不愿留在家里。 will是情态动词,后接动词原形。 [表示单纯的将来时, 用于第二、三人称](第一人称的单纯将来时, 英国人用shall, 美国人用will)将(要), 会 Tomorrow will be Wednesday. 明天是星期三。 He will be forty on his next birthday.

助动词shall和will的用法和区别

助动词shall和will的用法和区别 shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时。例如: He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。 I shall not come if it rains tomorrow. 如明天下雨我就不来。 shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成一般将来时,例如: I shall study harder at English. 我将更加努力地学习英语。 He will go to Shanghai. 他要去上海。 说明: 在过去的语法中,语法学家说shall用于第一人称,will 只用于第二、第三人称。现在,尤其是在口语中,will常用于第一人称,但shall只用于第一人称,如用于第二、第三人称,就失去助动词的意义,已变为情态动词,试比较: He shall come. 他必须来。(shall有命令的意味。) He will come. 他要来。(will只与动词原形构成一般将来时。) 1)should无词义,只是shall的过去形式,与动词原形构成过去将来时,只用于第一人称,例如: I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do next week. 我昨天给他打电话,问他我下周干什么。 比较: "What shall I do next week?" I asked. "我下周干什么?"我问道。(可以说,shall变成间接引语时,变成了should。) 2)would也无词义,是will的过去形式,与动词原形构成过去将来时,用于第二、第三人称,例如: He said he would come. 他说他要来。 比较: "I will go," he said. 他说:"我要去那儿。" 变成间接引语,就成了: He said he would come. 原来的will变成would,go变成了come.。

would rather的详细用法

would rather 有关would rather的五个重要句型 一、后接动词原形 后接动词原形,表示“宁愿做某事”。如: I’d rather be told the truth than be lied to. 我宁愿听真话,不愿被欺骗。 I’ve already seen that film, so I’d rather see another one. 我已经看过那部电影了,所以还是看部别的吧。 I’ll go if you’re going. If not, I’d rather stay at home. 你去我就去,否则我宁可待在家里。I’d rather do it without anybody’s help. 我宁愿不要任何人帮助,自己干这件事。 “How about a drink?” “I’d rather have something to eat.”“喝一杯怎么样?”“我宁愿来点吃的。” 注:would rather的否定式,通常要将not置于rather之后。如: I’d rather not say anything. 我宁可什么也不说。 二、后接完成式动词 后接完成式动词,表示过去的想法,通常可译为“(本来)宁愿做某事”。如: We went by sea, but I’ d rather have gone by air. 我们是乘船去的,可我本想乘飞机去。“At that time, I would rather have been a factory worker than an animal keeper,” he said. “那时,我宁愿做一个工厂工人,也不愿做动物饲养员,”他说道。 三、后接从句 后接从句时,从句谓语要用虚拟语气。具体说来,有以下两种情况: 1. 指现在或将来用过去时。如: I would rather you didn’t mention the price. 我愿意你别提价钱。 I’d rather you knew that now, than afterwards. 我宁愿你现在知道而不是以后。 Don’t come and see me today—I’d rather you came tomorrow. 今天不要来看我——我希望你们明天来。 Tomorrow’s difficult. I’d rather yon came next weekend. 明天有困难。我希望你下周末来。“We might go for a swim” “No,l’d rather we didn’t.” “我们去游泳吧。”“不,我想我们最好不去。” “Shall I give you a cheque?” “I’ d rather you paid cash.” “我付给您支票行吗?”“我想您最好付现金。” Ann said that Bill wanted to go alone but that she’d rather he went w ith a group. 安说比尔想一个人去,但她宁愿他跟一大群人一起去。 2. 指过去用过去完成时。如: I’d rather he hadn’t told me about it 我宁愿他未告诉我这件事。 Kate went by car and I’d rather she hadn’t. 凯特是坐汽车去的,我倒愿意她不是坐汽车去的。 I’d rather she had asked me before borrowing the car. 我真希望她先问我一声再借车。注:有时用于虚拟语气语境中。如: If I’d lived in 1400, I’d rather have been a knight than a monk. 如果我生活在1400年,我宁愿当骑士,不当修道士。 If she’d had a chance, she’d rather have lived 100 years ago. 如果有机会她宁愿生活在100年前。

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