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高中英语-代词讲解大全

高中英语-代词讲解大全
高中英语-代词讲解大全

代词:

(12)—Who called me this morning when I was out?(2006福建21) —A man calling ______ Robert.

A. him

B. himself

C. his

D.不填解析:考查反身代词。因为“call sb./oneself+某名”就是“叫某人/自称某名字”;句意是“一个自称罗伯特的人”,用himself。答案是B。

(13)You will find as you read fiats book that you just can’t keep some of these stones to ______. You will want to share them with a friend. (2005湖南)

A. itself

B. yourself

C. himself

D. themselves

解析:主语是you,要用yourself;to oneself是习语,指某人“独自享用,不与他人共享”。答案是B。

(14)My daughter often makes a schedule to get ______ reminded of what she is to do in the day. (2005上海春)

A. herself

B. her

C. she

D. hers

解析:句意是:“我女儿经常制定日程表,以便让她自自己知道这一天要干什么。”答案是A。

(15)Tom felt that he knew everybody’s business better than they knew it______. (1996全国)

A. themselves

B. oneself

C. itself

D. himself

解析:能与they相呼应,并作they的同位语的,用反身代词themselves。答案是A。

提示:请留意意含oneself的短语。如:(1) be oneself身体正常;

(2)Make yourself at home! 别客气!(3)make yourself understood 使你的话被人理解。

相互代词:

1.Mr. and Mrs. Smith buy expensive presents for each other.

2.They looked at one another.

3.Bill and Helen blamed themselves.

4.Bill and Helen blamed each other.

5.I think we have misunderstood each other.

6.Anna and Bob met (each other ) in Cairo.

7.You and I understand each other perfectly.

8.They have been separated from one another a long time. 9.It so pathetic that, if you saw one another in the street, you wouldn’t recognize each other.

10.T hey looked into each other’s eyes for a silent moment. 11.L ast year we visited each other’s capitals.

12.E ach tried to persuade the other to stay at home. 13.E ach of the twins wanted to know what the other was doing.

14.E ach of the twins wanted to know what the other was doing. 指示代词:

This/That

1.I like this movie today better than that concert last night.

2.I don’t like this.

3.Do you know these people!

4.I found this wallet. I found this.

5.Is she going to marry that man?

6.What are these!

7.This is Bill. Is that George?

God helps___who help themselves.

A. these

B. those

C. him

D. them B。题意为“天助自助者。”被定语从句所修饰的先行词应为those。

8.Those who do not with to go need not go.

9.Those who were present at the meeting were all

celebrities.

Computers must be of great use to___doing the scientific research.

A. those

B. these

C. whoever

D. whomever A。题意为“计算机对于那些进行科学研究的人一定非常有用。”被定语所修饰的those指代the people。

10.I have that which you gave me.

11.What upsets me most is his manner.

12.Are those yours? Yes, they are.

【真题再现】—He was nearly drowned once.

—When was ______?

—_____was in 1998 when he was in middle school. (2002北京春)

A. that; It

B. this; This

C. this; It

D. that; This

解析:指上文提到的事多用that;后空是强调结构的简略式,完整的句是It was in 1998 when he was in middle school that he was nearly drowned once.其中when he was in middle school是定语从句。答案是A。

13.This suit is expensive, isn’t it?

14.This is Mrs/Mr Jenkins. She’s /He’s my teacher.

15.That room is too cold.

16.This milk has gone sour.

17.These aren’t my books.

18.Who’s that speaking.

19.She will do that.

20.How do you like these?

21.My point is this.

22.Oh, it’s not that.

23.This book is about Chinese traditional medicine.

24.I like those flowers.

25.The book is about this thick.

26.I don’t want that much.

27.We can’t make our plans on that remote a possibility.

28.This building was built last year; that (one) was built

many years ago.

29.This is a map of China. That is a map of the World.

30.This way, please.

31.That bright April afternoon of 1920, she took a lot of

pictures.

32.You can’t bathe at this time of the year.

33.Life was hard in those days.

34.Life is much easier (in) these days.

35.I’ll come to see you one of these days.

Few pleasures can equal___of a cool drink on a hot day.

A. some

B. any

C. that

D. those

C。that用来代替上文中的the pleasure;题意为“没有什么能比在炎热的日子里喝一杯冷饮更令人痛快的了。”pleasure通常为不可数名词,主语pleasures指各种各样的快乐。

What I want to tell you is___:The meeting is put off until Friday.

A. this

B. it

C. that

D. its

A。this用以指代下文内容。

No bread eaten by man is as good as___got by his own labour.

A. one

B. that

C. it

D. those

.B。that代替前面的不可数名词bread。

What I want to tell you is___:The meeting is put off until Friday.

A. this

B. it

C. that

D. its

.A。this用以指代下文内容。

36.Let’s say we meet here at three o’clock. That ought to

give you time to buy everything.

37.She is tactful, but I couldn’t call him that.

38.At our factory there are a few machines similar to those

described in this magazine.

39.I’ll say this for you: you’re thinking all the time.

40.Now hear this. Meeting of all officers in the wardroom

in ten minutes.

41.Written on the placard are these words: We want peace.

42.Virtue and vice are before you; this leads to misery, that

of peace.

43.Harvey had never seen her like this before.

44.When the old friends met they would talk about this and

that.

45.–I have a car outside. I’ll give you a ride home.

–Oh, that’s all right. It isn’t much of a walk.

46.It was May, but for all that the rain was falling as in the

heaviest autumn downpours.

47.She was young and beautiful. More than that, she was

happy.

48.By cereals we mean wheat, oats, rye, barley, and all that.

49.I’m thinking of your future, you know. That’s why I’m

giving you a piece of advice.

50.It was in the dead of the night, and a cold night at that. 51.So that’s that.

Greenland, _____island in the world, covers even two million square kilometers.

A. it is the largest

B. that is the largest

C. is the largest

D. the largest

D。the largest island in the world为Greenland的同位语。Such的用法:

1.Such is life.

2.Such often occurred in feudal society, and should not

take place in a socialist country.

3.Take from the drawer such as you need.

4.Just before Christmas they wanted help with trees and

such.

5.The waves were such as I never saw before.

6.The book is not such that I can recommend it.

7.If you are a man, show yourself such.

8.The foreign visitors said they had never seen such cities

before.

9.He was a silent, ambitious man. Such men usually

succeed.

10.He is such a bore.

11.If I were you I would not have said such a thing about

him.

12.Associate with such as will improve your manners.

13.He was in such a fury as I have never seen.

14.China has rich resources, such as oil, coal and iron.

15.Such books as these are rare.

16.He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.

17.Here is such a big stone that no man can lift it.

18.Here is such a big stone as no man can lift.

19.His carelessness is such as to make it unlikely that he

will pass his examination.

20.I’ll do no such thing.

21.Any such request is sure to be turned down.

22.On every such occasion dozens of people get injured.

23.Some such story was told to me years ago.

24.The room is not very nice, but such as it is, you may stay

there for the night.

25.John is the captain of the team, and as such, must decide

who is to bat first.

I’m surprised that you should have been fooled by such a(an)_____trick.

A. ordinary

B. easy

C. smart

D. simple D。题意为“你竟然被这么一个简单的花招所骗,真令我吃惊。”trick“计谋,花招,诡计”。

_____box cannot be lifted by a boy of five.

A. So a heavy

B. So heavy a

C. A such heavy

D. Such heavy a

B。表示“如此重的箱子”可以用“so heavy a box”或“such a heavy box”。

Same的用法:

1.The same is the case with me.

2.We must all say the same.

3.It’s all the same to me.

4.he always sits in the same chair.

5.Thank you all the same.

6.Dutch is of the same origin as English.

7.I don’t feel the same about you as I did.

8.I live in the same district that he lives in.

9.I don’t think he’ll wish to see me. But I’ll come all the

same.

10.–How is he today? --Much the same.

So的用法:

1.--I will write today. –Do so.

2.Be it so.

3.–I don’t like him. –Why so?

4.–Oh! I’ve finished. –So have I.

Sometimes it was a bit boring t o work there because there wasn’t always ______ much to do. (2004广东)

A. such

B. that

C. more

D. very

解析:much前用so, 不用such。口语中,常用that来代替so。答案是B。

It的用法:

1.Go and see who it is.

2.Who is that? –It’s the postman.

疑问代词:

1.Tell me who he is.

2.Do you know what his name is?

3.Who ever are you looking for?

4.What ever do you mean?

5.Which ever do you want?

The mother didn’t know ______to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. (2002全国)

A. who

B. when

C. how

D. what

解析:blame(责备)是及物动词,缺宾语,责备的应是打碎玻璃的人,该用who。答案是A.

6.Who put that light out?

7.Who told you so?

8.Whom are you talking about?

9.By whom is the letter signed?

10.Whom’ re you playing this week?

11.Who did you meet there?

12.Who did you ask about it?

13.Whose umbrella is this?

14.Whose is this umbrella?

15.What makes you think that?

16.What is he?

17.What are you doing? 18.What was he speaking to you about?

19.What question did he ask?

20.What’s the time?

21.What is your current crop yield?

22.Something is the matter, but I don’t know what.

23.I’ll tell you what.

24.This is my copy, which is yours?

25.Which of the storied do you like best?

26.Which of you will go with me?

27.–Who is he? –He is Tom Black.

28.–What is he? –He is an engineer.

29.Who come from the Northeast?

30.Which of you come from the Northeast?

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind ______to buy. (1992全国)

A. what

B. which

C. how

D. where 解析:buy缺宾语,排除副词C和D;表示在一定范围中不知买哪能一种,用which。答案是B。

31.What sport do you like best?

32.Which sport do you like the best?

关系代词:(题目在以后的从句中出现)

1.The girl who answered the phone was polite enough.

2.He is the man whom you have been looking for.

3.You are the only one whose advice he might listen to.

4.The film which I saw last night is about a young teacher.

5.This is the plane that will fly to Tokyo in the afternoon.

6.He never hesitates to make such criticisms as are

considered helpful to others.

7.What I want is water.

8.What I want are apples.

9.I eat what I like.

10.that is what I have to say.

11.I gave him what help I could.

12.Who breaks pays.

13.Tom may marry who (whom) he likes

14.You are not who I thought you were.

15.Handsome is that handsome does.

16.It was you that said so.

17.You can take which you like.

18.I’ll do whatever I can do.

19.Whoever is top form wins the game when two matched

players meet.

20.You can take whichever you like.

21.I’ll stand by you whatever happens.

22.The final between the teams, whatever the result, is

splendid.

23.Whoever says so, it’s not true.

24.Her sister – or her friend – whichever it was – was an

uncommonly pretty girl.

不定代词:

(50)I asked him for some oil, but he hadn't ________. (1986全国)

A. any

B. some

C. no

D. anything

解析:在某定句中用any。答案是A。

(51)Let us hope we can settle the matter without ________more trouble. (1988全国)

A. any

B. a little

C. some

D. little

解析:without表否定,要用any。答案是A。

(52)I'd been expecting ________letters the whole morning, but there weren't ________for me. (1989全国)

A. some; any

B. many; a few

C. some; one

D. a few; none 解析:前一分句是肯定句,用some,后一分句是否定句,用any。另外,后一分句的weren’t表明主语应为复数,排除C和D;many 一般不用于肯定句,a few一般用于肯定句,排除B。答案是A。

(53)―I fee l a bit hungry.

―Why don’t you have _____bread? (1986全国)

A. any

B. some

C. little

D. a

解析:表示建议的疑问句中用some。答案是B。

(54)—Your coffee smells great!

— It's from Mexico. Would you like ______?(2003春)

A. it

B. some

C. this

D. little

解析:表示劝请的疑问句中用some。答案是B。

(55)There’s _____ cooking oil left in the house. W ould you go to the corner store and get _____? (2004北京)

A. little; some

B. little; any

C. a little; some

D. a little; any

解析:因为在Would you…? 等表示请求、劝请或建议之类的问句中,一般用some;又由后文“买些油”可知,家里“没有油”了,所以用little。句意是:家里没有油了,请你到附近的店子里买些回来好吗?答案是A。

(56)―Would you like _____, sir?

―No, thanks. I have had much. (2005福建)

A. some more oranges

B. any more oranges

C. some more orange

D. any more orange

解析:由答语中的much可知,对话中的orange是指“桔子汁”而非“桔子”,是不可数名词,没有复数形式,排除选项A和B;在劝请的疑问名中用some不用any,排除选项D。答案是A。

Some的用法:

1.There are some children outside.

2.Give me some water, please.

3.Some boy had written a Latin word on the blackboard.

4.He’s living at some place in East Asia.

5.I enjoy some music, but not much of it.

6.Some of us agree with the statement, some disagree.

7.Some are wise and some are otherwise.

8.Some (of the bread) has been eaten.

9.I hadn’t any cigarettes, so I went out to buy some. 10.If you have no money I will lend you some.

11.Some of his opinions were hard to accept.

12.Some of the food was packed in water proof bags.

13.Some of the loaf has been eaten.

14.Some people are early risers.

15.The mother is doing some washing now.

16.I could not answer some of his questions.

17.I haven’t yet spoken about it to some of the first year

students.

18.Will you get me some matches?

19.Did you see some of his poems published in the

magazine?

20.It happened some twenty years ago.

21.The population numbers some thirty million.

22.It happened some twenty years ago.

23.The population numbers some thirty million.

Any的用法:

1.Are there any stamps in the drawer?

2.Haven’t you any work to do?

3.Do you know any good doctor?

4.There are not any books.

5.There isn’t any water.

6.He never had any luck.

7.He went away without saying good-bye to any of us.

8.Now that he lived in the country he seldom had any

visitors.

9.The Dutch man spoke French with hardly any accent.

10.No one is under any obligation to you.

11.I don’t think any of us ought to wish the results to be

different.

12.Let me know if you hear any news.

13.I wonder if you have met any of these people before.

14.If you have any news, call me up right away.

15.If there any new magazines in the library, take some for

me.

https://www.doczj.com/doc/369529410.html,e any day you like.

17.Any time you want me, just send for me.

18.We had no idea that any serious losses had been inflicted

on the company.

19.Is (Are) there any?

20.Did she give you any?

21.I don’t think that any of my friends have seen them.

22.I don’t expect to see any of them at the concert.

23.Is the sick man any better?

24.He was too tired to walk any further.

25.I have any number of plants in my garden.

26.At any rate, we decided to follow Brum’s suggestion.

复合不定代词

1.There is someone in his office. Do you hear them talking?

2.Is there anyone at home?

3.No one was kinder to me at that time than Rose Waterford.

4.Somebody must have been using my books. They’ve got all

misplaced on the shelf.

5.Did you meet anybody on your way home?

6.Nobody can help him under the circumstances.

7.There’s somebody’s glove on the floor. 8.It is anybody’s guess how long the strike will last.

9.Everybody’s business is nobody’s business.

10.My car has broken down. Can I borrow someone else’s?

11.His hair is longer than anyone else’s.

12.Somebody important has arrived, I’m sure.

13.I want someone reliable to do this work.

14.Somebody is sure to get interested in the job.

15.This is a letter from someone interested in the job.

16.Nobody knew about her arrival.

17.No one had come to meet her.

18.Does anyone of you correspond with her family?

19.There is something wrong with him.

20.Why don’t you say something?

21.He looked at me and didn’t say anything.

22.I’ll do anything for you.

23.“Is there anything gin the paper?” he said, as we approached the

end of our silent meal.

24.Mangan has nothing else.

25.Nothing could remove his disappointment.

26.Is it something important?

27.I think I’d come and see if they had anything new.

这类不定代词有everything(一切事,最重要的事), everyone =everybody (每个人,所有人); something(某事,重要的人或事物), someone =somebody(某/有人,重要的人); anything(什么事物,任何事物,无论什么事物), anyone =anybody(任何人,无论谁,重要的人); nothing(没有东西,什么也没有,不重要的人或事), no one=nobody(没有人,不重要的人)等。它们还与别有词构成很多习语,如for nothing(徒劳,免费),nothing but(仅仅,只不过),等等。

(105)—Is________here?

-No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave. (1993全国)

A. anybody

B. everybody

C. somebody

D. nobody

解析:由答语可知是问“到齐了吗?”而不是问“这里有人吗?”所以用everybody,而不用anybody。答案是B。

(106)We haven’t enough books for _____; some of you will have to share. (2005全国卷I)

A. somebody

B. anybody

C. everybody

D. nobody

解析:由后文“你们有些人要共用”可知,“没有足够多的书发给所有的人”。答案是C。

(107)I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with ________.(1997全国)

A. everything

B. anything

C. something

D. nothing

解析:not…everything是部分否定,意为“我并非同意你讲的一切”,与前句的most of…意思相符。而not…anything (= nothing)与前一分句意思矛盾。答案是A。

(108)Playing tricks on others is _____we should never do. (2004湖南)

A. anything

B. something

C. everything

D. nothing

解析:根据句意和各选项的意义可选出正确选项。句意是:捉弄别人是我们永远也不该做的事情。anything任何事物;something 某事;everything每件事;nothing什么也没有。答案是B。(109)I made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it. To _____ else, it was hard to make out. (2006上海29)

A. none

B. everyone

C. someone

D. anyone

解析:考查代词的运用。意为除了我以外,“其他任何人(anyone else)”都很难懂。答案是D。

(110)She was so sad that there was______ I could do to make her happy. (1994上海)

A. something

B. nothing

C. anything

D. everything

解析:由语境可知,“我可以做的,能使她开心的,事没有一样”,表示“没有一样事”,用nothing。答案是B。

(111)—One week’s time has been wasted.

—I can’t believe we did all that work for _____.(2004重庆)

A. something

B. nothing

C. everything

D. anything

解析:因为for nothing是习语,意为“徒劳、没有好结果”、“免费”,句意是:我简直不敢相信我们所做的一切都是徒劳。答案是B。

(112)She doesn’t know anyone here. She has got ______to talk to.

(2004广东)

A. anyone

B. someone

C. everyone

D. no one 解析:因为“在这里,她谁都不认识”,所以“她没有人可以交谈”。no one = nobody = not…any one没有一个人。答案是D。

No的用法:

1.There are no letters for you today.

2.He has no dignity; he is always behaving foolishly.

3.I’ve got no home.

4.The girl was no beauty.

5.He is no friend of mine.

6.Between you and me, it’s no bad thing.

7.The boat made no headway against the tide.

8.He could expect no sympathy from Leaster.

9.I took no part in these negotiations.

10.No boy at the school had ever seen the sea.

11.I am in no mood for jokes.

12.No smoking!

13.No parking!

14.But this is no unimportant question, my dear Holmes.

15.She was no older than Zilla

16.He went no further.

17.Men are no longer at the mercy of nature.

18.There is no such thing as ghosts.

No与not的比较:

No可以连用的词汇:名词或相当于名词的词。Not可以连用的词汇:否定动词,用在a, the, all, both, every 之前,姓名,副词,介词。

None的用法:

1.None have arrived yet.

2.I bought a lot of books in London, but he bought none.

3.I wanted some more coffee but none was left.

4.None of his friends has ever been to Paris.

5.None of the passengers were aware of the danger.

6.None of the dogs was (were) there.

7.None of the money was ever recovered.

8.None of them spoke English except Tallit.

9.Apart from the dizziness, I had none of the true signs of

the disease.

10.That’s none of your business!

11.We none of us said anything.

12.None but a strong man could have lifted it.

13.I t’s none other than Tom!

14.No one failed the examination.

None of the students failed the examination.

All的用法:.

1.All are welcome.

2.All agree that he has behaved splendidly.

3.It is hard to please all.

4.I don’t find any change here, all looks as it always did.

5.Some day his pictures will be worth more than all you

have in your shop.

6.All is not lost.

7.All is not gold that glitters.

8.He gave his all.

9.All of the boys want to become football players.

10.All of these books are expensive.

11.All of that money you gave them has been spent.

12.All of the bread was stale.

13.His action was condemned by all of the civilized world.

14.All of us were disappointed by him.

15.He has written three novels and all of them were best

sellers.

16.They all found the lectures helpful.

17.We are all extremely fond of her.

18.The villages have all been destroyed.

19.We worked hard all year.

20.All roads lead to Rome.

21.All hope has gone.

22.A general strike paralyzed all Paris.

23.All I can say is that we are extremely sorry.

24.All I desired was leisure for study.

25.All in all, there were twenty present.

26.First of all you must be frank.

表示多者“都”用all,表示多者“都不”用none,表示多者中的“任一”用any。

(33)Of all the books on the desk, ______ is of any use for our study. (2006四川)

A. nothing

B. no one

C. neither

D. none 解析:考查不定代词。由all可知,是指三者或三者以上,排除C;nothing(没一样东西)与这里谈到的“书”毫无联系,排除A;no one =nobody(没有一个人)只能指人,也错了;指多者中“一个也没有,没有一个”用none。句中of any use=useful,在句中作表语。句意是“在桌上的所有这些书中,没有一本书对我们的学习有用。”答案是D。

(34)I had to buy _____these books because I didn’t know which one was the best. (2004上海)

A. both

B. none

C. neither

D. all 解析:后文的best是最高级,可见至少有三本,排除A和C;none 不能作定语,要说none of…答案是D。

(35)We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for ______. (2004浙江)

A. none

B. either

C. any

D. each

解析:由three可知是指三套工具中的“任一套”。答案是C。(36)—Which of the three ways shall I take to the village?

—_____way as you please. (2004福建)

A. Each

B. Every

C. Any

D. Either

解析:关键词是three。表示三者或三以上的“任一”,用any;表示两者中的“任一”,才用either。答案是C。

(37)Mr Alcott, headmaster of the school, refused to accept______ of the three suggestions made by the Students’ Union. (2000上海春)

A. either

B. neither

C. any

D. none

解析:由three可知是三者,指三者中的任一,用any。答案是C。

(38)-When shall we meet again?

-Make it ________day you like; it's all the same to me. (1996全国) A. one B. any C. another D. some

解析:指“你喜欢的任何一天”,表示“(多者中的)任一”用any。答案是B。

(39)They were all very tired, but ______of them would stop to take a rest. (1995全国)

A. any

B. some

C. none

D. neither

解析:由all可知是三者或三者以上,由but可知是“没有一个人”愿停下来休息。答案是C。

(40)______ but fools will believe what he said. (1992上海)

A. None

B. Nothing

C. Anything

D. Everything 解析:句意是:“除了白痴没有一个人会相信他讲的话。”答案是A。

(41)Canada is larger than ______ country in Asia. (1991全国)

A. any

B. any other

C. other

D. another

解析:“加拿大比亚洲任何一个国家都大。”表示三者以上中的“任一”用any;Canada不属亚洲,不用other。答案是A。

none可指人或物,一般要接表示范围的of短语,可回答how many;而no one只能指人(=nobody),不能接of短语,可回答who。另外,none可指后文的不可数名词,表示“毫无”。

(42)Some people would rather ride bicycles as bicycle riding has _____of the trouble of taking buses. (1996上海)

A. nothing

B. none

C. some

D. neither

解析:由句意“有些人宁愿骑自行车,因为骑自行车没有乘公共汽车那样的麻烦。”可排除选项C;the trouble是不可数名词,怎么会有两者或几者呢?排除选项D;nothing意为“什么也没有”,意义不

通,排除A;答案是B。

(43)______of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret. (1990全国)

A. Each

B. Any

C. No one

D. None

解析:“因为是秘密所以没有人知道那个计划。”而no one又不能与of短语连用。答案是D。

(44)We couldn't eat in a restaurant because ________of us had ________money on us. (1991全国)

A. all; no

B. any; no

C. none; any

D. no one; any 解析:选项A的all…no是部分否定,意为“并非都没有钱”,也就可以在餐馆吃饭;英语中没有any…no/ not搭配,排除B;no one 不与of短语连用,排除D。答案是C。

(45)As we were asleep, ________of us heard the sound. (1987全国)

A. both

B. none

C. all

D. any

解析:“因为我们睡着了,所以我们没有一个人听到了声音。”答案是B。

(46) ______of them understood the old foreigner. (1982全国)

A. Someone

B. Anyone

C. None

D. Nobody

解析:选项中能与of短语连用的只有none。答案是C。

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