1：一般现在时用法
例句：
American drinks a lot of coffee.
Jack is very busy at the moment.
The earth travels around the sun.
As soon as I get to Beijing, I’ll ring you up.
--When does the bus start?
1.一般现在时的基本构成
主语+动词原型
主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，动词用第三人称单数形式，其它人称主语动词用原形。
2. 一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性的动作
用于说明一个经常性、习惯性的动作。这时句中常用often, usually, every day, sometimes等时间状语。
He goes to school at six every day.
2）现在的状态和主语的特征
We like surfing the Internet in our spare time.
3. 一般现在时的特殊用法
1) 事实和真理
表示现在的状态、特征和按常理应该存在的情况，表示普遍真理或客观事实。
My parents live in a village near Shanghai.
In autumn, leaves change from green to yellow.
The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.
2) 代替将来时
(1) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时：
在由when, after, before, until, till, as soon as, the minute / second / moment, the next time 等引导的时间状语中
由if, so / as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引导的条件状语从句中
If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.
Aunt Lucy will tell us something about her trip to Australia when she comes back.
(2) 用于时间表、日程表中，表示按计划要发生的动作，这时句中都带有时间状语，表示往返移动(come, go, arrive, leave, move, drive)或开始结束的动词(begin, end, open, close, start, stop)，用一般式表将来。
The train leaves at nine in the morning. 火车上午九点出发。
--It starts in ten minutes. 再过10分钟。
4. 一般现在时常用的时间标志词：
通常与表示频度的副词如often, sometimes, usually, always, occasionally 等
和时间状语如in the evening, at night, twice a month, every day / week / month / year, on Sundays 等连用。
2：一般过去时
例句：He saw Mr. Wang yesterday.
I often went swimming last summer.
My teacher didn’t tell me the fact.
Did you attend the party yesterday?
1.一般过去时的基础构成：
主语+动词过去式
2. 一般过去时的用法
1) 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，，通常一般过去时带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句,
He lived in Paris until he was ten.
2) 过去的习惯动作，常与时间状语every day, usually等连用。
I often went to see my aunt last year.
3) 配合时态上的一致，用过去时。
He told me his mother was ill.
3. 一般过去时常用的时间标志词
yesterday, the day before last, last week,
at that time, then, at that moment,
yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…), last night (week, month, year…),
一段时间+ ago(several days ago), two days ago, a week ago, three years ago, long long ago
in 1990, just now, long before,.
上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。
3：一般将来时
例句：I will go back to school tomorrow.
Will you go to Paris with me?
My brother is going to arrive here..
1.一般将来时的基础构成
1）由will/won’t加动词原形构成，可用于一切人称。当主语I或we是时，也可用shall/shan’t 加动词原形。
2）be going to do sth.
3) 例句：There is going to be a match this evening.
There will be a wonderful concert this month.
There be句型的将来时：（注意：其中的be不变）
There will be…
There is/are going to be…
2. 一般将来时的用法
1) will/won’t表示预测的将来，即认为某事肯定会发生；还可表示将来的意愿；将来的事实。The weather will be good tomorrow.
You look tired. I’ll cook dinner tonight.
I’ll be thirteen years old next month.
2) “be going to +动词原形”表示即将发生，或最近打算进行的。
It is going to rain.
We are going to have a meeting today.
注意：在时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来。
When he comes, I shall/will give him your message.
3. 一般将来时常用的时间标志词
this morning /afternoon /evening今天上/下午/晚上
tomorrow明天，the day after tomorrow后天
next week/month/year下个星期/下个月/明年
in two days = in two days’ time两天后，in a week一星期后, soon
例题
例题1:
（09年上海中考）When summer ________, some children will go to the seaside for fun.
A)comes B)came C)will come D)would come
解析：A时间条件状语从句中，不用将来时，用一般现在时态表示一般将来
例题2:
（11年上海中考）Now my father ________his bike to work everyday instead of driving
A) ride B) rode C) rides D) will ride
解析：C now说明要用现在，everyday用一般时态
例题3:
（08年上海中考）Kevin ________ to work in his hometown after he graduated from university.
A) goes B) went C) will go D) had gone
解析：B after…graduated… 过去时之后发生用一般过去时
比较：过去时之前用过去完成时
相对于过去的某个时间点将要发生的事用过去将来时
例题4:
（10年上海中考）Tina and her parents ____________to England for sightseeing last summer.
A) go B)went C) will go D)have gone
解析：B after…graduated…过去时之后发生用一般过去时
比较：过去时之前用过去完成时
相对于过去的某个时间点将要发生的事用过去将来时
例题5:
（11年上海中考）We are glad to hear that the Greens ________to a new fiat next week
A) move B) moved C) will move D) have moved
解析：C next week用一般将来时，主句are glad to现在时不影响从句时态
4：现在进行时用法
例句：We are living a happy life.
Is Jack making his model plane?
We are leaving here tomorrow.
It is still raining outside.
1.现在进行时的基础构成：
主语+be动词(am, is, are)+现在分词构成
2. 现在进行时的用法
1) 动作正在进行：表示说话者说话时正在发生的动作或者目前一段时间内正在进行的动作或某些体感动词的持续状态。
They are playing tennis,
My foot is hurting.
现在进行时的时间状语为now ，at the moment，但很多题目在考察进行时态时没有明确的时间状语
*．某人现在不能做某事，因为他正在做…
*．用look！…listen！…等开头，强调某人正在做某事
*．现在..点了/很晚了，但是（but）某人仍然（still）正在做某事
2) 代替最近的将来
表示最近的将来，常伴有时间状语。
这类词有：come, go, leave, arrive, start, stop, fly等。
They are getting married next month.
5：过去进行时用法
例句：I was sleeping at 3:00 last Sunday.
Were you working all the time yesterday?
What were you doing yesterday morning?
1.过去进行时的基础构成
主语+was/ were + 现在分词
2. 过去进行时的用法
1）表示过去某一时间或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。
Tom was sleeping this time yesterday.
Yesterday afternoon, the boys were playing football in the playground while the girls were singing in the classroom.
Just as the thieves were leaving, the policeman arrived.
2) 替代过去将来时。由come, go, arrive, leave等趋向性动词构成的过去进行时可用来表示过去计划或打算要做的事。
He said the train was leaving soon.
She told me on the phone that she was coming.
3. 标志的时间状语
1)常与表示过去特定时间的时间状语连用；
this time yesterday,
at four o’clock yesterday afternoon（具体到过去的某一时间点）,
at that time,
from 3:00 to 5:00…等
2)常出现在由连词when, as, just as, while 等引导的时间状语从句中。
I was doing my homework while my mum was cooking in the kitchen.
重点常考点;when A did sth , B was doing sth else.当某人做某事的时候，另一个人正在做另一件事
My mum was cooking when I came back home yesterday evening.
例题1:
（08年上海中考）Look! Jane's grandmother ________ with some aged people in the park.
A) dances B) danced C) is dancing D) was dancing
解析：C 句中有look listen 多用现在进行时
例题2:
（10年上海中考）Today is Father's Day. My mother____ a special dinner for my grandpa now.
A) prepare B) prepared C) is preparing D) will prepare
解析：C 句中有now 用现在进行时
例题3:
（09年上海中考）He was still working on his project while other people _______a rest.
A) were having B) are having C) will have D)have
解析：A while前后两个动作同时进行
6：现在完成时的构成
1.现在完成时的构成：
主语+ have/has+ 过去分词
2. 过去分词的构成
1）规则变化同一般过去式动词规则变化
2）不规则变化分为AAA型如put-put-put，ABB型如say-said-said，ABC型如draw-drew-drawn，ABA型如come-came-come，需着重记忆。
3. 其中的have / has 为助动词，
构成疑问句时，可将其提前；
构成否定句时，可直接在其后加not。
2 现在完成时用法
1) 现在完成时所表示的动作发生在过去，在说话之前已经完成，强调对现在的影响。
He has been to Beijing twice. 他去过北京两次。
He has been in Beijing for two years. 他在北京呆了两年了。
He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。
I have just finished my homework. 我刚刚已经完成了我的功课。
注意：has been to指去过，已经回来了;
has been in呆在某地（有一段时间了）;
has gone to指去了还没有回来。
注意：Just用于现在完成时态，
just now用于一般过去时态，e.g. I came back just now. 我刚刚回来。
2) 现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去，常与for和since 连用，for接时间段，since接时间点，都是用how long 提问。
He has taught English at this school since 2003.
I haven’t seen him since three years ago.
= I haven’t seen him for three years
= I saw him three years ago.
Great changes have taken place here since you left.
注意：
正确使用for和since, 表示短暂动作的词的完成时不能与表示时间段的状语连用，必须把瞬间动词转换为延续性动词。如：
He died two years ago. = He has been dead for two years.
4. 现在完成时常用的时间状语及句型结构
（1）时间段：
for + 时间段；since + 时间点，ever since, since then,
for the last few centuries, for years / ages, for a long time,
these days ,
through centuries, throughout history ,
（2）
已经、还未、刚刚：already, yet, just
seldom很少, never从不, ever曾经, before,
（3）
最近：lately, recently, just,
至今：up to now; till now; so far,
最近几年、月、星期、天：in the past few years/months/weeks/days,
over the past few years,
during the last three months,
in / over the past few years,
（4）
1．现在完成时常用于下面两个句型中。
1)在有序数词及the only构成的这一句型中，用现在完成时。
It the first, the last
is+序数词+名词+(that)+现在完成时This the only
It (This) is the second time that we've met each other.这是我们第二次见面。
It (This) is the only book that he has ever written.这是他写的唯一的一本书。
2)在有形容词最高级构成的这一句型中，用现在完成时。
It the best, the worst
is+最高级+名词+(that)+现在完成时This the most interesting
It is the best film that I've ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。
This is the most interesting book that I've ever read.这是我读过的最有趣的书。2．since的三种用法。
①过去的时间点(a point of time in the past)
since+ ②一段时间(a period of time)+ago
③从句（谓语用非持续性动词的过去时）
He has taught English at this school since 1993. 1993年以来，他一直在这学校教英语。
I haven't seen him since three years ago. 3年来我一直没见过他。
Great changes have taken place here since you left.你离开以来，这儿发生了巨大变化。
3. for后面接一段时间，表示这个状态持续了这么一段时间。
我在这里呆了2年I have been here for 2 years.
自从2005年开始我就在这里I have been here since 2005
（5）
有时在时间或条件状语从句中，可用现在完成时代替将来完成时。
例题1:
（09年上海中考）I ____ you already that washing hands often will help prevent the A-H1N1 Flu.
A)tell B)told C)have told D)am telling
解析C. already 用现在完成时
例题2:
（10年上海中考）The Harry Potter books________pretty popular since they were published. A) become B) will become C) have become D) are becoming
解析: C. since +过去时间/动词过去时用现在完成时
练习：
A
1). Yao Ming ________ in NBA since 2002.
A. is
B. was
C. has been
D. will be
2). Mike ______ as a chemistry teacher for over twenty years.
A. has worked
B. worked
C. working
D. works
3). China ______six astronauts into space since 2003.
A. sent
B. will send
C. has sent
D. has been sent
4). He _________ the magazine for two weeks. He should go to the library to renew it.
A. borrowed
B. has borrowed
C. has lent
D. has kept
5). Though Qian Xuesen ____________ for several months, we will remember him forever.
A. died
B. has died
C. was dead
D. has been dead
B
1) Our teachers______ us already that washing hands often will help us prevent the A-H1N1 Flu.
A. tell
B. told
C. have told
D. is telling
2) --- Look! The light is still on in Mr. Zhang’s office.
--- I’m afraid he ______ his work yet.
A. doesn’t finish
B. didn’t finish
C. hasn’t finished
D. won’t finish
3) Bolt from Jamaica（牙买加）______ both the 100m and 200m records already.
A. breaks
B. broke
C. has broken
D. will break
4) I don’t want to see the film because I ______it already.
A. will see
B. saw
C. have seen
D. had seen
5) —_________ you ever _________ for a newspaper?
—Yes. I think it's a good experience for me.
A. Do, write
B. Have, written
C. Will, write
D. Did, write
C
1) Nancy ______ many famous places since she came to live in China last year.
A. has visited
B. will visit
C. was visiting
D. had visited
2) Mr. Smith ______ in Shanghai since he left the army.
A. lives
B. lived
C. has lived
D. will live
3) Macao ___________ great progress since it returned to China in 1999.
A. made
B. makes
C. has made
D. was made
4) People ___________ the virus of H1NI since the early of last year.
A. studied
B. have studied
C. will study
D. had studied
5) Shanghai ________ so much that even Shanghainese need a map when they go around the city.
A. are changed
B. has changed
C. will change
D. had changed
D
1). Not only my sister but also I _________ to Seven-Star Skiing Yard twice.
A. has gone
B. have gone
C. has been
D. have been
2). Sherry France many times, so she is very familiar with its capital city, Paris.
A. visited
B. will visit
C. has visited
D. is visiting
E
1). My aunt isn’t here．She _______ Beijing on business．She will be back in three days．
A. has gone to
B. has been to
C. went
D. will go to
2). --- Where is your uncle?
--- He ______ to Hong Kong. He will come back in two weeks.
A. has been
B. had been
C. has gone
D. went
3) Mr. Marko ________ many countries before he started to work in this company.
A. went to
B. goes to
C. has been to
D. had been to
4) My aunt America on business for four years.
A. has been to
B. has been in
C. has gone to
D. had gone to
KEYS: 1. CACDD 2. CCCCB 3. ACCBB 4. DC 5. ACDB
7：过去将来时用法
例句：
I didn’t know if he would come.
They never knew that population would become a big problem.
She didn’t tell me where she would go.
Betty said she would visit the Great Wall next Saturday.
1. 句型结构
肯定句主+ should +do / would + do +其他.
否定句主+ should not + do / would not + do +其他.
一般疑问句Would /should+主+do
2. 适用范围：一般过去将来时主要表示从过去某时看将要发生的事或存在的状态。
时间的出发点是过去。该时态常用于宾语从句或间接引语中, 主句的谓语动词常常是过去时. 易错点：常见用在过去将来中的谓语动词promised 承诺，predict 预测
例如：
My brother told me that he would be back on Saturday.
我哥哥告诉我他星期天回来。
He said that the meeting would begin at half past nine this morning.
他说会议将在今天早晨九点半开始。
No one knew which country would hold the next Olympic Games.
没有人知道哪个国家将举行下次奥林匹克运动会。
3. 其他形式表示过去将来
（1）was/ were + going to+动词原形
常可用来表示（a）按计划或安排即将发生的事
（b）根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。e.g.：It seemed as if it was going to rain.
（2）come，go，leave，arrive，start等某些（表示短暂性动作的动词）移位动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。
（用法同现在进行时表一般将来时）
例如：He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.
She told me she was coming to see me.
（3）条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
例如：I didn’t know when she would come，but when she came I would let you know.
The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didn’t work hard.
(相当于主将从现，只是把时间全移到过去。一般将来对应过去将来，一般现在对应一般过去)
4. 过去将来时典型错误例析：
1. 我们不知道他是否要在会上发言。
误：We didn’t know whether he is going to speak at the meeting.
正：We didn’t know whether he was going to speak at the meeting.
析：该句主句为过去时，且宾语从句表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作，所以从句要用过去将来时态。
2. 老师问汤姆长大后准备干什么。
误：The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he would grow up.
正：The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he grew up.
析：在时间状语从句中，常用一般过去时表示在过去看来将要发生的动作。
3. 他们说如果下星期天不下雨他们就去农场。
误：They said that they were going to the farm if it would not rain the next Sunday.
正：They said that they were going to the farm if it didn’t rain the next Sunday.
析：在条件状语从句中，也常用一般过去时表示在过去看来将要发生的动作。
4. 王林打电话告诉她妈妈，她要买一些书。
误：Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she should buy some books.
正：Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she would buy some books.
析：过去将来时可以由“助动词should/would+动词原形”构成，但should一般只用于第一人称。而would可用于各种人称。
5. 上次我见到你时，你正打算开始乘火车去西藏。
误：Last time I saw you，you had started to go to Tibet by train.
正：Last time I saw you，you were going to start to go to Tibet by train.
析：last time是一般过去时或过去将来时的显著标志。
8过去完成时
1. 句型结构
（肯定句）主+ had +过去分词+其他.
(否定句) 主+ had + not+过去分词+其他.
(一般疑问句) Had+主+过去分词+其他?
（回答）Yes,主+ had. No,主+ hadn’t
2. 过去完成时主要用于以下几种情况:
（1）概念：表示过去的过去
----|------------------------------------|----------------------------------|---------------->
过去的某个时间以前过去的某个时间现在
1）在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
She said （that）she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。
Soon I realized I had made a serious mistake.我很快就意识到我犯了一个严重的错误。
2）有明显的时间先后顺序的句子中
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。
I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.我在进大学之前就已学了5000个单词。
（2）过去完成时的时间状语：By+过去的时间，By the end of+过去时间
By 5:00 yesterday morning we had done that work.到昨天早上5点钟时，我们已经做完了那件工作。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
例题：
1．It was reported that more young teachers _________ to Yunnan sometime next year.
A. would send
B. will send
C. would be sent
D. will be sent 答案：C 句中的next year表明在谓语动词was reported 之后发生
2. Peter promised that he ____________ his sister an electronic dictionary.
A. has bought
B. had bought
C. would buy
D. will buy
答案：C 常见用在过去将来中的谓语动词promised 承诺，predict 预测
3. My friend told me that he ______ to Hong Kong the next month.
A. will go
B. would go
C. goes
D. went
答案：B 句中的next month表明在谓语动词told 之后发生
4. The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.
A. had written, left
B. were writing, has left
C. had written, had left
D. were writing, had left
答案：D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前，因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。
5. By the end of last week, we ___________ nine suggestions on environmental protection.
A. have got
B. got
C. had got
D. will get
答案：C By the end of last week表明在last week 之前发生，即过去的过去
6. By the age of twelve, the little girl ________her first collection of poems.
A. published
B. has published
C. was publishing
D. had published
答案：D By the age of twelve 表明在过去的过去
7. By the end of 2012, all of China's public art galleries(画廊)________free to enter.
A. have been
B. had been
C. will be
D. would be
答案：B By the end of 2012表明在过去的过去
对比注意：若By the end of后面接的是将来时间点，那用一般将来时
8. John and Mary ______each other pretty well before they got married.
A. knows
B. know
C. had known
D. have known
答案：C had known在got married之前发生
9. When I got up in the morning, the rain ______ already.
A. stops
B. will stop
C. has stopped
D. had stopped
答案：D 过去完成时可看成：过去+完成
练习
2001-2010年上海中考试题
1. Nancy _____ lots of charity work in her free time since she entered college. (2007)
A. has done
B. will do
C. was doing
D. is doing
2. Tara is interested in Chinese culture. He _____ Chinese at Fudan University next year.(2007) A．studies B. studied C. will study D. had studied
3. That building is part of Shanghai’s history. It ____ many years ago. (2007)
A. built
B. builds
C. is built
D. was built
4. The 2007 Special Olympic Games _____ in Shanghai. (2006)
A. will hold
B. will be held
C. were held
D. held
5. Jenny ________ with a Chinese family for two years. Now she’s used to the life in China. (2006)
A. stays
B. would stay
C. is staying
D. has stayed
6. Most people ________ when the big earthquake(地震) took place in that area. (2006)
A. are sleeping
B. were sleeping
C. slept
D. sleep
7. Charlie can’t go with us because he _______ a professor around our company. (2005)
A. shows
B. was showing
C. has shown
D. is showing
8. The Oriental Pearl TV Tower ______ tens of thousands of visitors since 1995. (2005) A．attracted B. attracts C. has attracted D. will attract
9. Many old houses around our school ________ next year and a large green area will appear. (2005)
A. pull down
B. will be pulled down
C. will pull down
D. are pulled down
10. After a long journey, the eight pandas from Wolong safely______ in Beijing
A. arrived
B. reached
C. got
D. came
初中英语八大时态语态总复习时态讲解 一般现在时态 【展示平台】 1 一般现在时态用来表示经常，反复，习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频率的副词sometimes（有时）, often（经常）, usually（通常）, always （总是）等连用。时间状语in the morning/ afternoon/ evening（在上午/下午/晚上）, every day/ week/ month/ year（每天/周/月/年, at noon/night （在中午/夜里）, on Monday/Tuesday（在星期一/二）等也可用在一般现在时态中。如： Bruce usually walks to school. 布鲁斯通常步行去上学。 We have two P.E classes every week. 我们每周上两节体育课。 2 表示现在的特征或状态。如： She is always ready to help others. 她总是乐于助人。 He is 13 years old. 他13岁了。 3 表示事实或客观真理，或在谚语中，也用一般现在时。如： The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day. 太阳每天东升西落。 When there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 4 一般现在时的基本句型 1）肯定句：① 主语+动词原形+其他②主语（第三人称单数）+ 动词-s+ 其他如：They live in China. 他们住在中国。 He likes eating apples. 他喜欢吃苹果。 2）否定句：① 主语+don’t+ 动词原形+其他 ② 主语（第三人称单数）+doesn’t+ 动词原形+其他 如：They don’t live in China. 他们不住在中国。 He doesn’t like eating apples. 他不喜欢吃苹果。 3）一般疑问句：① Do+主语+动词原形+其他? ② Does+主语（第三人称单数）+ 动词原形+其他？ 如：Do they live in China? 他们住在中国吗？ Does he like eating apples? 他喜欢吃苹果吗？ 【相关链接】 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用第三人称的单数形式。谓语动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则如下： 1）一般在动词后直接加s。如：talk –talks, live –lives。 2）以s, x., ch, sh或o结尾的动词在其后加es。如： watch –watches, wash –washes, go –goes。 3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变成i再加es。如： carry – carries, fly –flies。 4）特殊的，如：have的第三人称单数为has。 【牵手中考】 1. Bob often ______his mother with the housework on Sundays A. help B. helping C. helps D. helped
初中英语八大时态结构及用法详解英语八大时态： 1一般现在时 标志：动词原形 1. 表示经常性或习惯性动作，常与表频度的时间状语连用： She often speaks English. I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2. 表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力、感觉等： He seems to feel a bit down today. He works as a driver. 3. 表示真理、客观存在、科学事实或用于格言警句中： Shanghai lies in the east of China. Columbus proved that the earth is round. Where there is a will, there is a way. 4. 表示现在瞬间的动作： Here comes the bus! 5. 表示将来 1) 表按规定、计划、安排将要发生的动作（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的趋向动词），可以与表示未来的时间状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通状况。如：The next train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon.
How often does the shuttle bus run? 2) 在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情： When Bill comes (不用will come), ask him to wait for me. I shall go there tomorrow unless I’m too busy. 2一般过去时 标志：动词过去式 *闭音节：元音字母a, e, i, o, u如果发字母本来的音则称为开音节，否则称为闭音节。 1. 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用（e.g. yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before …, when …, in the past等）。如： Jim rang you just now. Liu Ying was in America last year. 2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，特别是used to do表达的句型，本身表示 的就是过去常常。如： When I was a kid, I often played football in the street. She used to visit her mother once a week. *注意区分sb. used to do sth.（某人过去常常做某事，此处to是动词不定式 标志符号）和sb. be used to sth./doing sth.（某人习惯于某物/做某事，此处to 是介词）。 3. 代替一般现在时，表示一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。此用法仅适用于少数动词（如want, hope, wonder, think, intend等）及情态动词could, would。如：
概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构：①be动词； ②行为动词 否定形式：①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句： ①把be动词放于句首； ②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。 一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如： He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。 It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。(口诀：I用am，you用are，is用于她他它，单数名词用is，复数名词都用are) 二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如： ①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。 ②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。 三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： ①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that 作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： ①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。 ②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。 五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如： ①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 ②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如： ①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。 【练习】 一、单选 1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital. A work works B works work C work are working D is working work 2 One of the boys_____ a black hat. A have B there is C there are D has 3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow. A don't rain B didn't rain C doesn't rain D isn't rain
初中英语八种时态详解及 习题 Written by Peter at 2021 in January
智学教育学科教师讲义讲义编号：组长签字：_____________ 签字日期：__________ 初中英语八种时态归纳 一、一般现在时： 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语： a lways, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词 否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
注：当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词需加-s或-es： 注意：动词have的第三人称单数是has. 写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式。 1. cook _______ 2. watch________ 3. build_________ 4. have________ 5. wash________ 6. enjoy ______ 7. go _________ 8. receive ______ 9. cry______ 10. close ________ 11. drive _______ 12. choose ______ 13. play ________ 14. reach ________ ________ 一般现在时的用法： 1）表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有：always、often、 usually、seldom、never。频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。 I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2）表示现在的状态。 例如：My father is at is very busy. 我父亲在工作，他很忙。 The boy is twelve. 这男孩十二岁。 3）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如：All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。
一、一般现在时: 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构:①be动词; ②行为动词 否定形式:①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句: ①把be动词放于句首; ②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。 一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如: He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。 It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。(口诀:I用am,you用are,is用于她他它,单数名词用is,复数名词都用are)
二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如: ①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。 ②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。 ③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。 三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时,是第三人称单数。如: ①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that 作主语时,是第三人称单数。如: ①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。 ②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。 五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如: ①The milk is in the g lass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 ②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如: ①"6" is a lucky number. "6"是个吉利数字。 【练习】
初中英语语法八大时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句：He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1）表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有：always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如：All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如：I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他
初中英语语法：动词八种时态、被动语态详解练习及答案： 一、初中英语被动语态用法小结 [1]一、语态概述 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 例如：Many people speak Chinese. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people. 英语English是动词speak的承受者。 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is/are＋spoken 一般过去时：was／were＋spoken 一般将来时：will／shall be＋spoken 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋spoken 过去进行时：was/were being＋spoken 现在完成时：have／has been＋spoken 过去完成时：had been + spoken 三、被动语态的用法 （1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道电脑是谁偷的） This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。 （2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。
初中英语必考八大时态结构及用法详解 一．一般现在时 1. 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 2. 基本结构：①is/am/are；②do/does 否定形式：①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语 为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 3. 一般疑问句： ①把is/am/are 动词放于句首； ②用助动词do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 4. 用法
1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 例如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east ofChina. 上海位于中国东部。 3）表示格言或警句。 例如：Pride goes before a fall 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 例如：I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 5）一般现在时表示将来含义。 a. 下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return 的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用 来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。 b. 在时间或条件句中。 例如：When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。 I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。
初中英语语法八大时态总结 初中英语时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，同学们在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，为了让大家能更深刻地记住英语语法中的各种时态，下面是小编为您收集整理的初中英语语法八大时态总结，供大家参考! 初中英语语法八大时态总结 一、一般现在时： 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语：a l w a y s，u s u a l l y，o f t e n，s o m e t i m e s，e v e r y w e e k(d a y，y e a r，m o n t h)，o n c e a w e e k，o n S u n d a y s，e t c. 基本结构：①b e动词;②行为动词 否定形式：①a m/i s/a r e+n o t;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加d o n t，如主语为第三人称单数，则用d o e s n t，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①把b e动词放于句首;②用助动词d o 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用d o e s，同时，还原行为动词。
二、一般过去时： 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 时间状语：a g o，y e s t e r d a y， t h e d a y b e f o r e y e s t e r d a y，l a s t w e e k(y e a r，n i g h t， m o n t h)，i n1989，j u s t n o w，a t t h e a g e o f5，o n e d a y， l o n g l o n g a g o，o n c e u p o n a t i m e，e t c. 基本结构：①b e动词;②行为动词 否定形式：①w a s/w e r e+n o t;②在行为动词前加 d i d n t，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①w a s或w e r e放于句首;②用助动词 d o的过去式d i d提问，同时还原行为动词。 三、现在进行时： 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 时间状语：n o w，a t t h i s t i m e，t h e s e d a y s，e t c. 基本结构：a m/i s/a r e+d o i n g 否定形式：a m/i s/a r e+n o t+d o i n g. 一般疑问句：把b e动词放于句首。 四、过去进行时： 概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进
Ⅰ. 初中英语八种时态归纳复习 英语时态是一种表示动作或状态发生的时间的动词形式，而汉语动词没有时态形式。 一、一般现在时： 1. 概念：表示经常性的习惯动作，现在的特征或状态，和普遍真理的时候，谓语动词用一般现在时。 2. 构成：一般现在时主要由动词原形构成，但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s ， 另外 动词be 和 have 有特殊的人称变化形式。 列表如下： 3.在词尾加-s 时要注意： 4.词尾-s 的读音, 与名词复数词尾-s 读音一样： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 例句：I go to school every day. 7. 否定形式：①动词be: am/is/are+not;②行为动词:在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't ，助动词后动词一概用原形。 例句：Jerry is not a student. Sally doesn ’t like animals. 8. 一般疑问句：①把be 动词放于句首；②用助动词do 提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does ，同时，还原行为动词。 例句： Is Jerry a student? Does sally like animals?
二、一般过去时 1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态，现在已经不再继续；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 2.构成：一般过去时由动词的过去式表示， 1) 动词be有 was, were 两个过去式，was 用于第一、第三人称， were 用于第二人称和第一、二、三人称的复数形式。 动词表。 读音规则： 3. 与一般过去式经常搭配的时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 4.否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加助动词didn't，助动词后加动词原形。 5.一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，助动词后用动词原形。
一、一般现在时： 欧阳家百（2021.03.07） 概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc. 基本结构：①be动词； ②行为动词 否定形式：①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句： ①把be动词放于句首； ②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。 一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如：He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。(口诀：I用am，you用are，is用于她他它，单数名词用is，复数名词都用are) 二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如： ①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。 ②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。 ③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。 三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： ①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 ②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something 等及指示代词this, that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： ①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。 ②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。 五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如： ①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。 ②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如：
英语八大时态总结 一、一般现在时： 基本结构：①动词原形②主语三单：动词原形 +s/es 三种常考基本用法：1、经常性和习惯性动作 Eg. I always get up early. 2、客观事实和普遍真理 Eg. The earth goes around the sun. 3、在时间状语从句及条件状语从句中，一般现 在表将来 If it doesn't rain, we will have a picnic. 其中，第三种用法就是学生们熟知的"主将从现"的原则，这一点大家务必掌握，此知识点会在初二，同时也是中考重要考点。 常见时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, on Sundays, at weekends, once a week, twice a month, etc. 二、一般过去时： 基本结构：动词的过去式
基本用法： 1、过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态 Eg. I got up late yesterday. 2、过去习惯性、经常性的动作 Eg. When I was in the countryside, I often swam in the river. 常见时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week (year, night, month…), in 1986, just now, at the age of 10, at that time, once upon a time, etc. 三、一般将来时： 基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do;②will/shall + do. 基本用法： am/is/are/going to + do 1、(人)计划打算做某事 Eg. I'm going to go shopping with my mom tomorrow. 2、(事)即将发生 Eg. Look at the clouds, it's going to rain.
时态列表比较及具体运用
一般现在时 一．要点提示 一般现在时主要用动词原形表示，但是当主语是第三人称单数或者单数名词时，动词的形式要发生变化，其变化规律是： 1. 一般动词后加-s, 如：wears, reads, plays, likes 2.以s, x, ch, sh结尾，后加-es, 如：watches, brushes 3.以辅音字母+o结尾，一般加-es, 如：goes, does 4.辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加-es, 如：worries, carries. 5.Be动词一般现在时的特殊形态是：am, is, are 6.Have的第三人称单数是has。 二．用法指南 一般现在时的用法 1) 表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语：always总是, often经常,usually通常, seldom很少, never从不, sometimes有时（以上频度副词位置放于行为动词之前）, every…每…（放于句首或者句末均可） I leave home for school at 7 every morning. It often snows here. 2) 表示现在的状态、特征、能力、性格等。 I know him very well. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 4) 表示客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 三. 一般现在时态的肯定形式，否定形式及疑问形式 1.肯定形式是用动词原形，be动词用am, is, are, （注：动词的第三人称单数形式的变化；） 2.否定形式是在be动词后加否定词not(缩写成isn’t, aren’t, am与not不能缩写),或者添加助动词do/does加not再加动词原形(缩写成don’t/doesn’t). 3.疑问形式是把be动词或助动词do/does提置句首, 动词还原，句末问号，人称上第一人称变第二人称，第二人称变第一人称，第三人称不变。 一般将来时 一．要点提示
人教版初中英语八大时态详解 英语的时态（tense）是一种动词形式，不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。 下面就英语中常见的八种基本时态进行阐述，其它的时态都是在这八种时态的基础上结合而成的。 一、一般现在时： 1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。 2.时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month...), once a week, on Sundays, 3.基本结构：动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要加（e）S） 4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don＇t,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn＇t，通常还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 6.例句：It seldom snows here. He is always ready to help others. Action speaks louder than words. 二、一般过去时： 1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词 4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn＇t，同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 6.例句：She often came to help us in those days. I didn＇t know you were so busy. 三、现在进行时： 1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 2.时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc. 3.基本结构：am/is/are+doing 4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing. 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。 6.例句：How are you feeling today? He is doing well in his lessons. 四、过去进行时： 1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
初中英语语法八大时态 一．一般现在时 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）don't/doesn't +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+do/does (否)No,主语+do/does not 缩写形式: don't = do not doesn't = does not 例句：He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.用法 1）表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的副词连用。 常用的频度副词有：always、often、usually、seldom、never、sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays.频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer. I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2）表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如：All my family love football . My sister is always ready to help others . Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 3)表示客观真理、客观存在、自然现象。 例如：The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4）表示按计划或安排好的，或将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时表将来。 但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等。 例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. He comes back tonight. 5）在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将 来要发生的动作。 例如：I'll tell him the news when he comes back. If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 二．一般过去时态 1.结构 肯定句式: 主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句式: 主语+（助动词）didn’t +动词原形+其他 一般疑问句式: Did+主语+动词原形+其他 简略回答: (肯)Yes,主语+did (否)No,主语+did not 基本结构否定句一般疑问句
初中英语八大时态知识梳理 一、一般现在时： 基本结构：①动词原形②主语三单：动词原形+s/es 三种常考基本用法： 1．经常性和习惯性动作：I always get up early. 2．客观事实和普遍真理：The earth goes around the sun. 3．在时间状语从句及条件状语从句中，一般现在表将来： If it doesn't rain, we will have a picnic. I’ll call you when I arrive at the airport. 该用法遵循"主将从现"的原则。 常见时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, on Sundays, at weekends, once a week, twice a month, etc. 二、一般过去时： 基本结构：动词的过去式 基本用法： 1、过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态 e.g. I got up late yesterday. 2、过去习惯性、经常性的动作 Eg. When I was in the countryside, I often swam in the river. 常见时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week (year, night, month…), in 1986, just now, at the age of 10, at that time, once u pon a time, etc. 三、一般将来时： 基本结构：①am/is/are/going to + do;②will/shall + do.
初中英语动词八种时态讲解 1、一般现在时 主要用于下面几情况： 1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。 在这种情景中，句子常带有表示频率的时间状语：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的动作或状态是习惯性的、经常性的。例如：They raise ducks as a sideline .他们以养鸭为副业。 She doesn't often write to her family, only once a month. 她不常给家里写信，仅一月一封而已。 I cycle to work every day .我每天骑自行车上班。 It seldom rains here .这儿很少下雨。 2）仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。 这里的目的是为了"描述现阶段的动作或状态"，其重点"不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态"。例如：He can speak five foreign languages .他能说五种外语。 That is a beautiful city .那是座美丽的城市。 Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。 She majors in music .她主修音乐。 All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。 My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。 3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理。 顾名思义，客观的情况是"没有时间概念"的；也"不会在意动作进行的状态"。例如： The sun rises in the east .日出东方。 The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。 Ten minus two is eight.十减二等于八。 Light travels faster than sound .光的速度比声音的速度快。 The United States lies by the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. 美国位于太平洋西岸。 4) 根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job, they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。 用于一般现在时的副词，除了上面提到的一些表示频率的以外，常见的还有：now, today , nowadays等等。 2、一般过去时 主要是用来描述在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态。它也可以用来表示在过去某段时间里经常发生的习惯性动作。这一点在表达意义上与一般现在时相同，只是所在的时间区域不同而已。由于它的主要作用如此，所以在使用一般过去时的句子里常常有一个意义较具体的过去时间状语。这也是它与现在完成时的最大区别之一。 一般过去时由谓语动词的过去式表示，也就是说动词词末要加-ed（除不规则动词外）。常和一般过去时连用的过去时间状语有：last night (week , month , year , century , etc.) , yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning ( afternoon , evening ) , in 1999 , two hours ago ( one week ago , tree years ago , …)等等。 使用一般过去时，在某种意义上说就是要强调动作或状态发生或存在于过去的某个时候。"过去"的时间概念有两层意思：一是指"现在某个时间"以前的时间；二是指"说话、写文章的那个时间点"以前的时间，在这个意义上，"现在的那个时间点"是很小很小的，甚至于小到无法量化的程度。例如： He got his driving license last month. 他上个月拿到了驾照。 --Where's Jim? 吉姆在哪里？ --He just went out.他刚刚出去。 3、一般将来时 主要用来描述将要发生的动作或存在于未来的情况。这里所说的"将来时间"是指"说话、写文章那一刻以后