苏州园林英文介绍
the Humble Administrator's Garden
Covering
51,950 sq.m,the
Humble
Administrator's
Garden is the
largest of all
classical
gardens in
Suzhou. It is
centered upon the broad expanse of a lake, making up about one
fifth of the total area. With well spaced buildings, the garden
landscape and water scape are simple, extensive and natural,
possessing the traditional appearances of the Ming Dynasty. It is divided into three parts; the eastern, middle the western parts. The house lies in the south of the garden. The middle part is the cream of the garden with marvellous mountains, clear water, exquisite
buildings and exuberant trees and flower reminiscent of the scenery in the south of the Lower Yangtze. Lying here and there to the south of the lake are garden buildings and courts in cluster. On an east-west axis there's the Hall of Drifting Fragrance in the middle, flanked by the Loquat Garden Court, the Malus Micromalus Makina court, the Poeny Pavilion, the Listening to the Sound of Rain Pavilion, the small canglang, "A Pure Mind Thinks Deep", and the Magnolia Hall. Rising from the lake are the east and west hills made from a mixture of earth and rocks, and covered with trees. the Prunus Mume Pavilion and the Orange Pavilion stand atop of the hills.By the side of the lake there are forsythias gently stroking the surface of water, and bringing about delightful effects of nature. Much of the surprise comes from the disposition of the Fragrant ISle, the pavilion in lotus breezes and the Mountain-in-View Tower to the west of the lake.from the secluded pavilion of Firmiana Simplex and Bamboo one is able to catch sight of the
pagoda of paying debts of gratitude in distance. The picturesque
scene of the pagoda mirrored in water is an example of the garden
technique called "borrowed view from afar".
The buildings in the western part of the garden are properly
arranged by the lake.To the south of the lake is a big mandarin
duck's hall with two halves. The northern half is named "the Hall of
36 pairs of mandarin ducks" and the southern half "the hall of 18
camellias ". built to the west of the lake are the Inducalamus Pavilion, the "With Whom Shall I Sit"?pavilion,the Floating Green Tower, the Stay-and-Listen Pavilion, the Pagoda Reflection
pavilion.Going up and down and in a zigzag, a unique veranda over the water is a stucture built along the wall to the east of the lake. The Good-For-Both-Families Pavilion on the top of the hill overlooks the middle and western parts, another example of the garden technique called " borrowed view from near". Decorated with the Cymbidium Virens Hall, the lotus pavilion, the Celestial Spring Pavilion, the Far Away Looking Pavilion and the All blue Pavilion, the eastern part of the garden has verdant hills with pine
and bamboo , distant islands encircled by winding streams, and an
extensive area of grass, flowers and trees.
Glowing out of the mud, lotus blooms still keep themselves pure
and clean. The farther theirsmell drifts the purer it becomes. A good
number of buildings in the garden are named after lotus blooms,
often known as "a true person of the virtue "among flowers, such as the Hall of Drifting Fragrance,the Lotus Pavilion, the pavilion in the Lotus Breeze, and the
Stay-and-Listen Pavilion,expressing the theme of the whole garden----to be pure as lotus blooms.
Lying to the south of the garden is the house, which is the typical residence in Suzhou. Ona
north-south axis there are four successive buildings, namely the Sedan-Chair Hall, the Reception Hall and two two-storeyed buildings. to the east of the axis are the Mandarin Ducks' Hall with flower-basket decoration, the Flower Hall and the Four -Sided Viewing Hall.
The Humble administrator's Garden boasts altogether 48 different buildings, 101 parallel couplets and door plateaux, 40 stelae, 21 precious old trees, namely Wistaria, Sabina chinensis, Pterocarya stenoptera,etc.falling into 13 different catalogues, and over 700 bonsai (potted landscape) kept in the Bonsai Garden in the western part of the garden, representing the Suzhou style bonsai, one of the four leading bonsai styles in china.
the Lingering Garden
The Lingering Garden was listed from the
first as cultural relics of national importance in
1961. With an area of 23,310 sq.m.it is
celebrated for its artistic way of dealing with
the spaces between various kinds of
architectural form.Buildings make up one third
of the total area of the garden,the hall of which being the most remarkable in Suzhou. The garden is separated into the middle ,eastern,northern and western parts. The ancestral temple and the house lie to the south of the garden.
Featuring man-made mountain and lake scenery in the west and garden courts in the east,the middle part of the garden is the original site of the Xu's East Garden and the Liu's Hanbi Villa,and is regarded as the best part of the whole garden. The eastern,northern and western parts are the extensions of the Sheng's Garden. The eastern part is noted for its strangely shaped limestones,the northern part idyllic scenes,and the western part the delights of woody hills.
A winding roofed walkway behind the small entrance of the garden,while leading to the places of quietude,shows the masterly use of contrast between big and small,straight and zigzag,and light and shade. After strolling for about 50 meters,one can catch a glimpse of lattice-windows revealing a half visible landscape garden behind. Interestingly enough,the view is changing at every step.
The middle part of the garden is centered upon a lake with man-made moutain in the north-west and a numger of attractive buildings in the southwest ,such as the Hanbi Moutain Villa ,the Pellucid Tower,the Green Shade Pavilion,the Zigzag Stream Tower,the Hao Pu Pavilion,and the Refreshing Breeze Pavilion by the lake.The mountains made mainly of yellowstones and earth,believed to be desigtned and piled up
by Zhou Binzhong,look very much archaic and
splendiferous.The admirable Crane House, the Small
Garden of Stone Forest, the Return-to-Read Study in the
east with the Celestial Hall of Five Peaks as the chief
stucture are laid out in such a way that the indoor spaces
have been brought into perfect harmony with the outdoor
spaces. With an evocation of infinity,they are successfully
made to be labyrinthine.
Flanked by the Auspicious Cloud and Mountainous Cloud peaks,the 6.5-meter-high Cloud-Capped Peak, the highest limestone in the classical gardens of Suzhou, is believed to be left behind by the imperial collector of the Northern Song Dynasty,Mass of buildings, including the Old Hermit Scholars' House, the Cloud-Capped Tower,the Cloud-Capped Terrace and the Awaiting Cloud Temple,are put up to give emphasis to the Cloud-Capped Tower,The northern part is now a bonsai garden in which about 500 valuable bonsai are put on display.
The western part of the garden sets a fine example of good-looking earthen hills studded with yellowstones and covered with maple trees.There is a winding brook lined with peach trees and weeping willows.
The number of stelae in the Lingering Garden has never been surpassed by any other gardens in Suzhou.Superbly inscribed with the works of more than a hundred calligraphers in the
Jin,Tang,Song,Yuan,Ming ,and Qing Dynasties, these invaluable stelae bring to light the evolutionary course of Chinese calligraphy in the past 1,000 years.
The whole garden possesses with pride 42 rooms and halls , a 670-meter-long roofed walkway,200 lattice-windows of different kinds, 44 parallel couplets and stone carvings , 373 stelae,and 17 such valuable old trees as gingkoes,southern wistaria,etc. which fall into 8
the Lion Forest Garden
Compactly yet harmoniously spaced,the Lion
Forest Garden has a prominent part for series of
man-made mountains with various buildings around the
lake ,and an artificial waterfall and cliffs at the edge of
the lake on the west. Remains of the 14th century
man-made mountains,covering 1,152 sq.m.and being
the largest of all at Suzhou,can be still seen
today.Noted for its labyrinthine mountains with winding
pathways and caverns,old pines and cypress
trees,awesome peaks and jogged rocks of grotesque
shapes resembling dancing lions with striking and
unusral poses,it possesses with pride the true delights
of mountain and forest scenery in limited space with a
flavor of Zen Buddhism.
The Hall of Peace and Happiness,one of the
principal buildings in the garden,is a
master-piece of typical mandarin ducks'hall at
Suzhou. Divided in halves, the northern half
of the hall differs from the southen half in
many particular aspects ,such as
beam-framing
systems,furnishings,pavements,carvings,win
dow designs and so forth.With painted
patterns and beam carvings and looking
splendid in green and gold,the True Delight
Pavilion in the royal style with the "True Delight "tablet inscribed by the Qing Emperor Qianlong is a main viewing place in the garden and differs from the other plain and elegant gardens of Suzhou.Other buildings include the pointing at Cypress Trees Hall,the Asking Prunus Mume Pavilion and the Stone Boat, etc.
The Lion Forest Garden boasts 22 buildings of varied types, 25tablets and plateaux,71steles inscribed with the famous Calligraphy Collection of the Listening to Rain Tower,23 brick carvings,5 carved wooden screens,and 13 valuable old trees such as gingo biloba L.,pinus bungeana
Zucc,etc.,which fall into 5 catalogues.
the Canglang Pavilion
for the
delights of the
wilderness of
mountain and
forest
scenery,the
Canglang
Pavilion is the
oldest among the existing classical gardens of Suzhou. The exact location of the Canglang Pavilion can be found in the Song Dynasty map of Pingjiang (Suzhou,A.D.1229) inscribed on the stele.The northern Song poet Su Sunqin said in "A Record of the Canglang Pavilion","...To the east of the Confucian Temple were earthen hills covered with trees and grass,and a wide expanse of water,quite different from the urban scenes... I was reluctant to leave because I fell in love with this place.So I bought it for 20,000 coins,built a pavilion on the rock projecting over the water on the north and called it the Canglang Pavilion."Fan Chenda wrote in "Historical Records of Wu Jun" under the Song Dynasty,"The Canglang Pavilion is located to the south of the Confucian Temple,fronting an area of about 1.6 ac.of water space...During the reign of Qingli(1044 A.D.) Su Sunqing bought it and built a pavilion by the water,called the Canglang Pavilion...The name of the Canglang has been known to all far and wide since then." On the whole the present garden of the Canglang Pavilion still keeps the style of the Song.It
features a range of man-made moutains inside the garden
and waterscapes outside.Proceeding past the pure expanse
of water over a zigzag bridge of stone and through the
entrance,one comes to the garden and catches sight of
man-made mountain covered with age-old trees and
bamboo,running from east to west. At the foot of the
mountains are rocky slops.The Canglang Pavilion in the
shape of a square stands at the top of the mountain and has
a parallel couplet from the Song poets on the stone pillars to
heighten artistic conception,reading ,"The refreshing breeze
and the bright moon are priceless,the nearby water and the
distant mountains strike a sentimental note,"Most of the
garden buildings,simple and plain,were rebuilt in the Qing
Dynasty,carefully arranged around the mountains and
connected by a long roofed walkway. A double-corridor built
by the canal lies to the northof the garden,unifying waterscapes outside the garden and "mountain scenery" inside in one breath through its latticed windows, one of incredible examples of borrowed scenes in the classical gardens of Suzhou.There're over 100 different latticed windows with impressive designs,possessing extremely high artistic value.
To the south of the mountains is the chief building of the garden,called "the Enlightenment Hall". Other building include the Smelling Prunus Mume Pavilion,the Realm of Yaohua (Yaohua is said to be a
kind of jade-like,sweet-smelling flower in the Chinese garden of Eden,which can help prolong the life expectancy of those who behold it.),the Mountain-in-View Tower,the Elegant Bamboo House,the Temple of 500 Sages,the Pure Fragrance House, the Imperial Stele Pavilion,the Pavilion Fronting Water, the Fish Watching Spot, the Water Pavilion of Lotus Fragrance,and the Prunus Mume pavilion.
The garden has altogether 20 different building, 22 plateaux and tablets, 23 parallel couplets,153 steles,and 12 such valuable old trees as gingo biloba L.,pterocarya stenoptera,celtis sinensis pers,camellia japenica L.,santalum album,chimonanthus praecox,etc., which fall into 10 catalogues,70 kinds of valuable cymbidium spp.,and 18
kinds of bambusoideae
题目：苏州园林（汉译英） 要求： Direction: Translate the following paragraph into English. 苏州园林是中国古典园林最杰出的代表，大部分为私家所有。苏州园林始于春秋，兴于宋元，盛于明清。清末苏州已有各色园林170余处，为其赢得了“园林之城”的称号。现保存完好的有60多处，对外开放的有10余处。其中沧浪亭(The Surging Wave Pavilion)、狮子林(The Lion Grove Garden)、拙政园(The Humble Administrator’s Garden) 和留园(The Lingering Garden)分别代表着宋、元、明、清四个朝代的艺术风格，被称为“苏州四大名园”。苏州园林宅园合一，可赏，可游，可居，其建筑规制反映了中国古代江南民间的生活方式和礼仪习俗。苏州园林不仅是历史文化的产物，同时也是中国传统思想文化的载体。1997年，苏州园林被联合国教科文组织列入“世界遗产名录”。 参考译文:Classical Gardens of Suzhou are the most outstanding representatives of classical Chinese gardens. Most of them were privately-owned. The gardens first appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period, developed in the Song and Yuan dynasties. By the late Qing Dynasty, Suzhou had got as many as over 170 gardens of diverse styles, winning it the name “The City of Garden”. Now, over 60 gardens are kept in good condition, more than 10 of which are open to the public. The Surging Wave Pavilion, the Lion Grove Garden, the Humble Administrator’s Garden and the Lingering Ga rden are called the four most famous gardens in Suzhou, representing the artistic styles of the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties respectively. Suzhou gardens are assemblies of residences and gardens, which makes them suitable places for appreciating, visiting and living. The architectural principles of the gardens are a demonstration of the lifestyles and social customs of the ancient Chinese people in the south of the Lower Yangtze River. Classical Gardens of Suzhou are not only a product of Chinese history and culture, but also a carrier of traditional Chinese ideology and culture. In 1997, Classical Gardens of Suzhou were placed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO.
13 苏州园林 【教学目标】 知识与能力 识记字词、文学常识、整体感知 整体感知课文，把握文章严谨的说明结构。学习正确运用说明方法，并体会其作用。体会本文说明语言的准确性。 情感、态度与价值观 领略苏州园林的画意美，培养学生爱美审美的能力【教学重难点】 领略苏州园林的画意美，培养学生爱美审美的能力 【教学课时】：两课时 【教学过程】 第一课时 一、导入 俗话说：“上有天堂，下有苏杭” 。苏州之所以获得“天堂”的美称，在很大程度上由于它拥有一批全国以至世界知名的古典园林。今天让我们随着叶圣陶老先生去观赏那富有诗情画意的园林吧。 二、作者及相关资料介绍 叶圣陶（1894?1988），现代著名作家、教育家。名绍钧，字秉臣，辛亥革命后改字圣陶。二三十年代的创作很多，短篇小说集有《隔膜》《火灾》等六本，散文集有《脚步集》，童话有《稻草人》《古代英雄的石像》，长篇小说有《倪焕之》。1 9 2 5年“五卅” 运动后，创作了《夜》《多收了三五斗》等小说。他创作态度严谨，语言洗练优美，风格朴素自然，有“优美的语言艺术家”之称。 三、朗读课文，整体感知文意 1、教师播放示范朗读磁带，多媒体同时显示与课文内容相关的苏州园林图片，如亭台轩榭、假山池沼、花草树木、花墙廊子等。 2、教师检查预习，强调重点积累的词语。 01辨明字音： 轩榭（xu 01 xi e）池沼（zh do）镂空（I cu）邱壑（h e） 重峦叠嶂（zh eng）庸俗（ymg）模样（m u）相间（ji cn） 蔷薇（qi eng w a）嶙峋（I m x u n） 02、辨明词义，并造句： 鉴赏：对艺术品或文物的欣赏和评价。因地制宜：根据具体地形，设计或选择适合的事物。斟酌：考虑事情、文字等是否可行或是否适当。 重峦叠嶂：重重的山峰，层层的峭壁。 3、学生大声读课文两遍，请学生交流初读课文的感受。 文章是从角度，抓住的特点条分缕析地介绍苏州园林的。 角度：A、建筑学E、园林历史C、导游D、欣赏者 特点：A、苏州园林总的特点E、有代表性的园林 学生明确：文章是从欣赏者的角度，抓住苏州园林总的特点条分缕析地介绍的。 四、划分结构层次，理清全文思路，把握作者的说明要点及说明顺序 1、划分结构层次，理清全文思路：
中国古典园林一些要素的中英文对照 额匾horizontal inscribed board 楹联couplet written on scroll, couplet on pillar 日晷sundial 石碑 stone tablet, stele 月洞门moon gate 月池new-moon pool 诗条石poem-engraved stone slab 不系舟immovable pleasure boat 石舫stone boat 画舫painted pleasure boat 楼廊two-storied gallery 爬山廊sloping gallery 曲廊zigzag veranda 水廊corridor on water 回廊cloister 茶亭tea booth, tea kiosk 竹亭bamboo pavilion 茅亭thatched pavilion 传统园林建筑traditional garden building 点景牌楼naming pailou, decorated archway 拱桥arch bridge 石板桥stone slab bridge 园桥garden bridge 亭桥pavilion bridge 曲桥zigzag bridge 扶手栏杆handrail 坐凳栏杆 seat rail 石洞stone cavern 石窟grotto 石阶stone steps 汀步stepping stone on water surface 花纹路pattern path 涉水踏步wading step 山石材料stone material 青石Qing stone 宣石Xuan stone 钟乳石stalactite 昆山石Kunshan stone 灵壁石Lingbi stone 房山石Fangshan stone 太湖石Taihu Lake stone, water modelled stone 黄石yellowish brown stone 叠石stones laying 掇山piled stone hill, hill making 掇山五法five methods" of rock piling 等分平衡法method of making the rock equa-tional and balanced 前轻后重法method of making the front part of rock lighter than the back part 上轻下重法method of lowering the center ofgravity of rocks 纹理统一法method of unifying the rock veins 石料统一法method of unifying the rock mate-rials 散点石scattered stone 抱角石corner stone 屋基石foundation stone 排衙石guard stone 附壁石stone appended to wall 石花台stone flower bed 石凳stone bench 屏石screen stone 土山earth piled hill, artificial mound 石凳stone bench 水池pool 水塘pond 睡莲池water-lily pool 小瀑布cascade 水帘洞water curtain cave 古典园林名皇家园林royal garden 帝王宫苑imperial palace garden 灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden 灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden 灵台Ling Tai Platform Garden 阿房宫E-Pang Palace 上林苑Shang-Lin Yuan 未央宫Wei-Yang Palace 洛阳宫Luoyang Palace 华清官Hua-Qing Palace 艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden 圆明园Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden 颐和园 Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace 承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort 苏州园林Suzhou traditional garden 私家园林private garden 江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta
“江南园林甲天下，苏州园林甲江南。” 简介： 苏州城历史悠久，私家园林始建于公元前6世纪，至明代建圆之风尤盛，清末时城内外有园林170多处。为苏州赢得了“园林之城”的称号。现存名园十余处，闻名遐迩的有网师园，拙政园，狮子林，留园，沧浪亭。 留园，空间组成极其复杂，其整体空间往往可以划分为若干相互的小空间。如留园，其入口近似于串联的形式，中央部分基本呈环形的形式，东部则兼有串联和中心辐射两种形式的特点。 留园的布局最关键的问题在于如何巧妙运用大小，疏密，开合等对比手法而使之具有抑扬顿挫的节奏。此外，还须借空间处理而引导人们循着一定程序依次从一个空间走向另一个空间。 留园分析，入口部分封闭，狭长，曲折，视野极度收束；至绿荫处豁然开朗，达到高潮；过曲谿楼，西楼时再度收束；至五峰仙馆前庭又稍开朗；穿越石林小院视野又一次被压缩；至冠云楼前庭则顿觉开朗；至止，可经园的西，北回到中央部分，从而形成一个循环。 能托物言志的境界称之为意境。园林意境这个概念的思想渊源，可以追溯到东晋到唐宋年间。中国园林艺术综合自然环境、建筑、诗、画、楹联、雕塑等多种艺术，而意境即产生于园林整体的综合艺术效果，通过“色、声、香、味、触”，引入到无限内涵的空间意境中，唤起游赏者记忆联想、物外情、景外意。所以中国古代的造园家，从多方面来营造一种自然而诗意的氛围，使人们在园中可获得视听等多重感知。 留园明瑟楼位于池南，东北面水，西侧紧靠涵碧山房主厅，是一座造型奇巧、单向卷棚歇山顶的二层小楼，充分体现了苏州园林建筑布局和造型灵巧多变的特色。楼在池上，旁有青枫，环境明净清幽，取古诗意境：“池上有客亭、左右楸桐，负且俯仰，面对鱼鸟，水木明瑟”而名明瑟楼。 底层为敞轩，二面临水，三面坐靠，取杜甫“野航恰受两三人”诗意，名“恰航”‘坐憩其中，恍如舟楫，游赏山水景色。楼层三面为古朴的明瓦半窗，楼上楼下虚实对比。楼南巧妙空间，运用太湖石置“济仙石’、叠“一梯云”楼山，玲珑峭拔，登楼犹人仙境。使实用功能与造景艺术达到完美的统一。隔岸远望，楼后假山隐现，景深意远，使明瑟楼更为明丽奇美。 远香堂为四面厅，正脊两侧有鱼龙吻装饰，以示避火震灾之意。 侧脊有麒麟塑雕，寓意长寿、福禄与美好。环视 一周，则山光水影，犹如动态山水长卷印入眼帘 听雨轩坐秋》 文簟泛清光柔飚引玉塘 阴连荷气润梦坠叶声凉 晚照多为影闲庭过一香 芙蕖今自可怜尔阅秋霜
介绍苏州园林的导游词800字 介绍苏州园林的导游词怎么写?下面是2篇优秀的介绍苏州园林的导游词，希望对大家有帮助! 介绍苏州园林的导游词800字一 各位朋友，大家好!我是你们的导游，我叫邓蕊竺，为了方便，大家叫我小邓就可以了，希望能与大家相处愉快!谢谢! 我们要去的地方是苏州园林，那里是世界著名遗产，请大家注意，不要随地吐痰，制造垃圾，还有一点就是进去时必须脚步轻轻哟! 我先简单介绍一下苏州园林和要去的园子：苏州古典园林建于16世纪至18世纪，房子都是精雕细琢而成的，大家待会儿去细细游览。 苏州园林素有“江南园林甲天下，苏州园林甲江南”的美誉。据记载，苏州园林是文化意蕴深厚的“文人写意山水园”。说了这么多题外话，相信大家对苏州园林已经了解了一些吧!我们现在书归正传讲正题了。我们要去的园林是世界四大名园中的两个园子，知道是哪两个吗?嘻嘻!就是沧浪亭，建于宋朝，狮子林，建于元朝。听了这些，大家也不妨跟我去玩玩吧，走!我们出发。我们先去沧浪亭吧，去沧浪亭不会太远，一两分钟就到了。 好了，这就是沧浪亭，怎么样?不错吧!沧浪亭建于北宋时期(公元1041至1048年)，是苏舜钦所筑，可以说是苏州最最古老的园林。南宋初期曾为名将韩世忠住宅。沧浪亭造园艺术与众不同，不信你们看!前面有一泓绿包围着园子，下前面有一座桥，大家可以从桥内进入沧浪亭。各位请跟我一起进入沧浪亭。大家都进来了吗?好!大家向正前面远眺，有一座土山，隆然高耸。山上幽竹纤纤、古木森森，山顶上有个宝贝叫沧浪石。大家可以上山，看一看这个在山顶上奇特
的宝贝。 游客朋友们，集合了!集合了!我们要去狮子林了，我来说一下狮子林，待会儿，大家可以去狮子林玩，还可以去宾馆休息，现在我来说说狮子林吧! 狮子林占地十五亩，东南多山，西北多水。狮子湖是水景观的主要景点，那里的石假山别有特色，相当的精美。狮子林的建筑以燕誉堂为主，堂后有一个精美的小方厅。像燕誉堂之类的建筑在狮子林几乎随处可见，有名的有立雪堂。现在各回各家吧! 大家再见了，以后请你们的亲朋好友来苏州古典园林，不过，可别忘了我——小邓哟! 介绍苏州园林的导游词800字二 亲爱的各位朋友们，大家好!我叫许阁芳是你们的导游，你们可以称呼我小许或许导。俗话说“上有天堂，下有苏杭”，今天我就带领大家参观人间的天堂——苏州园林。 苏州园林以山水秀丽而闻名天下，有“江南园林甲天下，苏州园林甲江南”的美称，现在我们来到的是拙政园，它是我国四大名园之一，与颐和园、承德避暑山庄、留园，并称为中国的四大名园，也是江南古典园林中的佳作。其布局设计、建筑造型、书画雕刻、花木园艺等方面都有独到之处，被誉为“天下园林之母”。拙政园始建于明代正德年间，也就是公元152020年，占地78亩，分为东、中、西和住宅四个部分。中部分是以水为中心，池水面积占总面积的四分之一，各种亭台轩榭多临水而筑。你们看，它的布局是不是错落有致、构思巧妙呢?现在你们可以拍照留个纪念哟! 现在我们到达了留园，请大家注意看，我右边这个大屏风，上面绘有留园的
1．苏州园林 课文说明 《苏州园林》本是叶圣陶先生为一本名为《苏州园林》的摄影集写的序文，后发表在《百科知识》杂志上。这里，我们把它看做是一篇带有文艺性的说明文。作者从欣赏者的角度出发，抓住苏州园林的主要特征，先说明苏州园林的异中之同，又用严密而生动的语言，分门别类、有条不紊地勾画出一幅幅画面：具有自然之趣的亭台轩榭、重峦叠嶂的假山、“入画”的池塘等。 这篇文章所要说明的，不是苏州的某个园林的特色，而是苏州近二百处园林的共同特点和给人的整体印象。全文共十段，可以分为三个部分。 第一部分（第1段），说明苏州园林在园林艺术中的重要地位。 苏州园林“我到过的不过十多处”，“其他地方的园林我也到过一些”。这是作者所研究、概括、评价的范围和基础。“苏州园林是我国各地园林的标本，各地园林多少受到苏州园林的影响。”这是第一部分中关键的一句话，说明了苏州园林的重要价值。“标本”一词的本意是指经过处理而保存原形的动物、植物、矿物等实物样品，供观摩、研究之用。这里说苏州园林是“标本”，形象地表明，它承继了古代园林艺术
传统，浓缩了中国园林艺术精华，具有典范性。文章又接着说：“谁如果要鉴赏我国的园林，苏州园林就不该错过”。“鉴赏”一词进一步说明，苏州园林作为一种珍贵的艺术品，有着可供比较鉴别的重要价值。 第二部分（第2～9段），作者从园林建筑设施的各个方面，说明了苏州园林图画美的总的特征。 第2段是总括说明苏州园林的特点。苏州园林多，而且各不相同。指出“不同”，关键在于说出“共同点”──“苏州各个园林在不同之中有个共同点”，就是“务必使游览者无论站在哪个点上，眼前总是一幅完美的图画”。换句话说，“一切都要为构成完美的图画而存在，决不容许有欠美伤美的败笔”。这一段不但概括说明了苏州园林的总的特征，还提及了体现这一特征的四个方面：（一）讲究亭台轩榭的布局；（二）讲究假山池沼的配合；（三）讲究花草树木的映衬；（四）讲究近景远景的层次。下面四段就对这几个方面分别进行了具体的说明。 首先，说明苏州园林在亭台轩榭的布局上的特点──“绝不讲究对称”。作者将苏州园林的布局与中国传统建筑作比较，以图案画和美术画打比方，说明苏州园林具有充满自然之趣的布局美。 其次，说明苏州园林在假山和池沼配合上的特色。先介
Suzhou is located in southern Jiangsu Province in the center of the Yangtze Delta. Shanghai lies to the east, Zhejiang Province to the south, Wuxi City to the west and the Yangtze River to the north. The city is divided by the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal from north to south. Since 42% area of the city is covered by water, including a vast number of ponds and streams, it is praised as the 'Venice of the Orient'. Built in 514 BC, this is an ancient city with over 2,500 years of history. The unique characteristics of the past are still retained today. The double-chessboard layout of the city, with 'the streets and rivers going side by side while the water and land routes running in parallel', is preserved intact. The mild climate makes the city a desirable destination all year round. Touring the wonderful ancient water towns in the vicinity or lingering in the exquisite classical gardens in the downtown area, you will truly know the charm of a 'paradise on earth'. As the saying goes - 'Gardens to the south of the Yangtze River are the best in the world, and Suzhou gardens are the best among them'. These gardens attain their high reputation not only for their vast numbers, but also for their charming natural beauty and harmonious construction. At present more than 60 gardens are kept intact in the city, and some of them have been listed in the World Heritage List. 译文：苏州坐落于江苏省南部，是长江三角洲中心。它的东面是上海，南面是浙江，西面是无锡，而长江位于它北面。京杭大运河自北向南横穿其间。由于苏州42%的面积被水覆盖，有大量的池塘和溪流，又被称作东方威尼斯。建成于公元前514年，苏州这座古老的城市已有2,500年的历史。其独特的历史特征流传至今。城市是双棋盘的布局，一边是街道，一边是河流。水路和陆路并向而行的格局保存完好。 苏州气候温和，全年都是令人满意的好去处。游览附近的美丽的水城或是在市中心精致的园林徘徊，你会真正体会到“人间天堂”的魅力。就像俗话说的，长江以南的园林是全世界最好的园林，而苏州园林则是这些园林中最好的。苏州园林之所以享有如此高的声誉不仅仅是因为数量，更在于其自然的魅力与和谐的布局。目前在苏州有超过60座保存完好的园林，其中一些更被列入了世界自然遗产名录。
苏州园林英文介绍 the Humble Administrator's Garden Covering 51,950 sq.m,the Humble Administrator's Garden is the largest of all classical gardens in Suzhou. It is centered upon the broad expanse of a lake, making up about one fifth of the total area. With well spaced buildings, the garden landscape and water scape are simple, extensive and natural, possessing the traditional appearances of the Ming Dynasty. It is divided into three parts; the eastern, middle the western parts. The house lies in the south of the garden. The middle part is the cream of the garden with marvellous mountains, clear water, exquisite buildings and exuberant trees and flower reminiscent of the scenery in the south of the Lower Yangtze. Lying here and there to the south of the lake are garden buildings and courts in cluster. On an east-west axis there's the Hall of Drifting Fragrance in the middle, flanked by the Loquat Garden Court, the Malus Micromalus Makina court, the Poeny Pavilion, the Listening to the Sound of Rain Pavilion, the small canglang, "A Pure Mind Thinks Deep", and the Magnolia Hall. Rising from the lake are the east and west hills made from a mixture of earth and rocks, and covered with trees. the Prunus Mume Pavilion and the Orange Pavilion stand atop of the hills.By the side of the lake there are forsythias gently stroking the surface of water, and bringing about delightful effects of nature. Much of the surprise comes from the disposition of the Fragrant ISle, the pavilion in lotus breezes and the Mountain-in-View Tower to the west of the lake.from the secluded pavilion of Firmiana Simplex and Bamboo one is able to catch sight of the pagoda of paying debts of gratitude in distance. The picturesque scene of the pagoda mirrored in water is an example of the garden technique called "borrowed view from afar". The buildings in the western part of the garden are properly arranged by the lake.To the south of the lake is a big mandarin duck's hall with two halves. The northern half is named "the Hall of 36 pairs of mandarin ducks" and the southern half "the hall of 18 camellias ". built to the west of the lake are the Inducalamus Pavilion, the "With Whom Shall I Sit"?pavilion,the Floating Green Tower, the Stay-and-Listen Pavilion, the Pagoda Reflection pavilion.Going up and down and in a zigzag, a unique veranda over the water is a stucture built along the wall to the east of the lake. The Good-For-Both-Families Pavilion on the top of the hill overlooks the middle and western parts, another example of the garden technique called " borrowed view from near". Decorated with the Cymbidium Virens Hall, the lotus pavilion, the Celestial Spring Pavilion, the Far Away Looking Pavilion and the All blue Pavilion, the eastern part of the garden has verdant hills with pine
【基础知识及相关背景】 一、字词积累： 标本：比喻具有代表性的事物。 池沼zhǎo：这里指池塘。 重峦luán叠嶂zhàng：形容山岭重叠，峰峦相接，连绵不断。 丘壑ha：本指作画的构思布局，这里指深远的思虑。 雷同：指不该相同而相同。 嶙lín峋xún：重叠高耸的样子。 别具匠心：具有与众不同的巧妙构思。 轩xuān榭xia：轩，有窗的廊子或小室；榭，建筑在台上的敞屋。 鉴赏：对艺术品的欣赏和评价。 因地制宜：根据不同地区的具体情况规定适宜的办法。 败笔：绘画中画得不好的地方。 镂lòu空：雕刻出穿透物体的花纹或文字。 二、相关背景： 1、关于作者： 叶圣陶（1894~1989），原名叶绍均，江苏苏州人。现代著名作家和教育家。出身贫寒，中学毕业后即从事教育和编辑工作，解放前当过小学、中学、大学老师。解放后历任出版总署副署长，教育部副部长，人民教育出版社社长，人大常委会常委，政协常委，中国文联委员等职。1921年发起“文学研究会”，1928年发表了现代文学史上较早的一部长篇小说《倪焕之》。他还是现代文学史上最早创作并有出色成就的儿童文学作家。在语言教学和语言教材规范等方面他都有独特的建树和贡献。主要作品有《隔膜》、《稻草人》、《四三集》、《脚步集》、《小记十篇》、《古代英雄的石像》、《多收了三五斗》等。 2、相关知识： 关于苏州园林 苏州是我国著名的历史文化名城，因山水秀丽，古典园林妩媚多姿，享有“江南园林甲天下，苏州园林甲江南”之美称。1985年，苏州园林被评为中国十大风景名胜之一。苏州园林，在布局、结构、风格上都有自己的艺术特色，被称为苏州四大古典园林的沧浪亭、狮子林、拙政园和留园分别代表着宋、元、明、清四个朝代的艺术风格。拙政园是苏州园林的代表作，始建于明正德年间，圆主王献臣取晋代潘岳《闲居赋》中“筑室种树，灌园鬻蔬，是亦拙者之为政也”之意而命名。拙政园又分东园、中园、西园三部分。东园山池相间，点缀有秫香馆、兰雪堂等建筑。西部水面迂回，布局紧凑，依山傍水建以亭阁，其中主体
苏州园林介绍（日语版） 蘇州の四大名園滄浪亭、獅子林、拙政園、留園との四つの庭園は、それぞれ宋、元、明、清の各時代の様式をもつ代表的なものです。そのうち、拙政園と留園は中国の四大名園にも数えられています。 拙政園（せっせいえん） 蘇州四大名園の一つで中国四大名園の一つにもなっています。拙政園は世界遺産としての「蘇州古典園林」の主格です。中国庭園のモデルとして事実上中国No.1の庭園と言えましょう。宮廷色の強い頤和園（ぎわえん）を代表とする北京の庭園をロイヤル?ガーデンと「royal·garden」すれば、蘇州の庭園のほとんどは昔地方の文人や官僚などが所有するプライベート?ガーデン「private·garden」です。今は国の財産として一般公開になっています。拙政園は、1509年（明王朝の正徳4年）に官僚の王献臣「おうこんしん」によって造営【ぞうえい】されました。王献臣は官僚を追放され、故郷の蘇州に戻りました。愚かなものが政をつかさどるという意味で「拙政」と名をつけたという説があります。面積約5ヘクタールの拙政園は蘇州の庭園の中でもっとも広いものです。8年の年月を費やして造られたそうです。 拙政園は、東園【ひがしぞの】、中園【なかその】、西園【にしぞの】の三つの部分に大きく分けられます。園内で中心的な存在は水で、全体の約5分の3を大小の蓮池【はすいけ】が占めています。蓮池の周りに東屋【あずまや】、橋、回廊【かいろう】、緑が水面に映って美しい景観を構成します。その極まりがまさしく「遠香堂」を主体とする中園で、夢のような空間を感じさせます。中国古典文学名作の「紅楼夢」【こうろうむ】の舞台がここをモデルとしたらしいです。西園には盆「景園」があります。そこには蘇州流盆栽の優秀な作品が集められています。50以上の種類で、約1万の盆栽があります。 獅子林 獅子林とは、文字通りに解釈すればライオンが出没する林です。林のように密に広がるものはよく「XX林」と言います。雲南省【うんなんしょう】には石林【いしばやし】という観光名所がありますが、西安には有名な碑林[ひりん]があります（書道【しょどう】に興味[興味]ある方はご存知でしょう）。では、獅子林という林とは何の林でしょうか。それは石の林です。ただし、その石は普通の石ではなく、太湖という大きい湖の周辺で採った所謂「太湖石」です。また、その林とは、太湖石で造られた築山です。端的に言えば、獅子林は築山の公園です。それにプラス伝統的な蘇州庭園の水、東屋、回廊、小さい橋、木やお花など。
六篇介绍苏州园林的导游词 1997年，苏州古典园林作为中国园林的代表被列入《世界遗产名录》，被胜誉为“咫尺之内再造乾坤”，是中华园林文化的翘楚和骄傲。下面小编给大家整理了几篇介绍苏州园林的导游词，欢迎阅读借鉴。 苏州园林导游词一 大家早上好，很高兴认识大家，并由我陪同大家去我国的著名历史文化名城和旅游胜地——苏州观赏园林，到人间天堂去享受一天。 在车到景点之前，我先为大家介绍苏州园林的基本情况。“上有天堂，下有苏杭。”苏州为典型的江南水乡城市，素有“东方威尼斯”之美誉。当然，也请大家注意环境卫生，做一个文明游客。 我们马上到了今日黄金游的第一站——留园。好，留园到了。留园位于苏州市园林路。它应用了分合，明暗等对比手法。大家好好观赏吧! 留园不留我们，那我们就去狮子林吧!狮子林到了，你们跟我来，狮子林变幻莫测，值得一览。
五湖四海的朋友们，欢迎来到“世界遗产”----苏州古典园林! 大家好，我是你们这次旅游的导游晁子凯，平常大家都叫我“晁操”。在去游览之前，我要提醒你们：不能乱丢垃圾，因为这里是我们中国人的骄傲，尤其是不能把垃圾扔进水里。你们想：要是每个人都乱仍垃圾，那咱们苏州园林不就变成垃圾堆了，而且很快会变成世界最大的垃圾池。 游客们，我们现在到了园林的拙政园!你们别小看它，它可是与首都的颐和园、承德避暑山庄、苏州留园并称为四大名园。拙政园为唐代诗人陆龟蒙的住宅，后来明代监察御史王成归隐之地，取“拙者之为政”的语意为名。拙政园分东、中、西住宅三部份。住宅是典型的苏州民居，现在布置为园林的博物馆展厅。朋友们，我们现在已经走过了拙政园，接下来就到了狮子林。狮子林有六百多上的历史，元代至正二年，名僧天如禅师维则和弟子“相率出资、买地结屋、以居其师”。因园为“林万固、竹下多怪石，状如狮子”因而得名。狮子林既有苏州古典园林亭、台、楼、阁、厅、堂、轩、廊之人文景观，更以湖山奇石、洞壑深遂而享有盛名，素有假山王国之美誉。 怎么样，我讲得好吧!要是讲得好，就推荐你们的亲戚来旅游吧，我愿意为他们当导游。
介绍苏州园林导游词300字数范文5篇 苏州古典园林宅园合一，可赏，可游，可居，这种建筑形态的形成，是在人口密集和缺乏自然风光的城市中，人类依恋自然，追求与自然和谐相处，美化和完善自身居住环境的一种创造。以下是介绍苏州园林导游词300字数范文5篇，欢迎阅读参考! 介绍苏州园林导游词300字数范文(1) 尊敬的游客们: 大家好!欢迎大家来到苏州古典园林游玩，我是大家的导游，我叫徐悦，也可以叫我悦导。今天我们将去苏州的古典园林转转，请大家跟好咯! 苏州古典园林吸收了江南园林建筑艺术的精华，有一句话说得好“江南园林甲天下，苏州园林甲江南。”，苏州古典园林宅园合一，可赏，可游，可居，可以体验让人舒畅的生活，美化和完善自身居住环境的一种创造。 现在我们来到的是沧浪亭，沧浪亭是建于宋朝公元948~1264年，被文人成为苏舜钦的私人花园，占地面积1·08公顷。园内有一泓清水贯穿，波光倒影，景象万千。宋代著名诗人苏舜钦以囹万贯钱买下废园进行修筑，傍水造亭，还写下了“沧浪之水清兮，可以濯吾缨;沧浪之水浊兮，可以濯吾足。”造首诗。踱步沧浪亭，可以看见沧浪亭外临清池，曲栏回廊，古树苍苍，垒叠湖石。人们称“千古沧浪水一涯，沧浪亭者，水之亭园也。” 现在，请大家自由活动半小时，要注意几点事项: 1、注意安全 2、不要戏水 3、注意卫生 4、不要破坏花草 现在清大家自由解散，最后:祝大家玩的愉快。 介绍苏州园林导游词300字数范文(2) 各位贵宾，各位朋友: 大家早上好，很高兴认识大家，并由我陪同大家去我国的著名历史文化名城和旅游胜地?苏州观赏园林，到人间天堂去享受一天。
在车到景点之前，我先为大家介绍苏州园林的基本情况。“上有天堂，下有苏杭。”苏州为典型的江南水乡城市，素有“东方威尼斯”之美誉。当然，也请大家注意环境卫生，做一个文明游客。 我们马上到了今日黄金游的第一站?留园。好，留园到了。留园位于苏州市园林路。它应用了分合，明暗等对比手法。大家好好观赏吧! 留园不留我们，那我们就去狮子林吧!狮子林到了，你们跟我来，狮子林变幻莫测，值得一览。 穿过狮子林，出去约5千米，可见寒山寺，要不现在大家休息一会儿吧。说到寒山寺，大家自然会想起“姑苏城外寒山寺，夜半钟声到客船”的诗句吧!因唐初有个叫寒山的和尚未在这里住过而得名。现在寺内存碑一方，上刻张继写的《枫桥夜泊》一诗。 告别寒山寺，大家还恋恋不舍。希望它能给你们留下一个美好的回忆。 各位朋友，今天我们在人间天堂?苏州度过了美好的一天。谢谢各位!愿大家旅途平安愉快，再见! 介绍苏州园林导游词300字数范文(3) 大家好!我姓孙，那么大家就叫我“孙导”好了。今天，我要带大家去一个地方，猜猜是什么?对啦!就是江苏苏州古典园林。不过，我首先跟大家说一下，在那里不能随地大小便、随地吐痰、乱扔垃圾等一些文明礼仪，否则的话……哇哈哈哈，那可就要“人钱分离”了。好了，接下来我就来介绍一下吧。 苏州是著名的历史文化名城和国家重点风景旅游城市，物华天宝，人杰地灵，自古以来被人们誉为“林园之城”，其盛名享誉海内外。苏州古典园林历史绵延2000余年，在世界造园史上有其独特的历史地位和价值，她以写意山水的高超艺术手法，蕴含浓厚的传统思想文化，展示东方文明的造园艺术典范是为中华民族的艺术瑰宝。与“苏州园林”并架齐名的苏州风景名声虎丘、天平山石虎等风景区也是古往今来海内外游客向往的游览胜地。 呼，介绍了那么多，时间也飞快的过去了，眼看我们就要分离了，我孙导也恋恋不舍啊。不过，我会再次欢迎你们来玩的!记得跟我们火柴人俱乐部联系哦! 介绍苏州园林导游词300字数范文(4) 大家好，我是你们的导游。欢迎来参观苏州古典园林。现在，我们将做几个
Classical Gardens of Suzhou 苏州古典园林 Classical Chinese garden design, which seeks to recreate natural landscapesin miniature, is nowhere better illustrated than in the nine gardens in the historic city of Suzhou. They are generally acknowledged to be masterpieces of the genre. Dating from the 11th-19th century, the gardens reflect the profound metaphysical importance of natural beauty in Chinese culture in their meticulous design. ?miniature /'m?n?t?? / a. 很小的，微型的；n. 缩影，微型画，小画像[in miniature] 【二级口笔译大纲词汇】 She is just like her mother in miniature. 她简直是她母亲的缩影。 ?metaphysical /?m?t??f?z?k?l/ a. 玄学的; 形而上学的【TEM 8词汇】 ?meticulous // a. 极其仔细的，一丝不苟的[+ in/ about] 【二级口笔译大纲词汇】【TEM 8词汇】 He was meticulous in his use of words. 他用词很谨慎。 He has always been so meticulous about his appearance. 他对自己的外表一向很讲究。 没有任何地方比历史名城苏州的九大园林更能体现中国古典园林设计“咫尺之内再造乾坤”的理想。苏州园林被公认是实现这一设计思想的杰作。这些建造于11至19世纪的园林，以其精雕细琢的设计，折射出中国文化取法自然而又超越自然的深邃意境。 Outstanding Universal Value Brief synthesis The classical gardens of Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China date back to the 6th century BCE when the city was founded as the capital of the Wu Kingdom. Inspired by these royal hunting gardens built by the King of the State of Wu, private gardens began emerging around the 4th century and finally reached the climax in the 18th century. Today, more than 50 of these gardens are still
介绍苏州园林导游词范文 尊敬的各位游客们： 大家好，我是你们的导游。欢迎来参观苏州古典园林。现在，我们将做几个小时的车到达苏州古典园林。 苏州城历史悠久，私家园林始建于公元前6世纪，至明代建园之风尤盛，清末时城内外有园林170多处。为苏州赢得了“园林之城”的称号。现存名园十余处，闻名遐尔的有沧浪亭、狮子林、拙政园、留园、网狮园、怡园等。苏州园林战地面积小，采用变换无穷、不拘一格的艺术手法，以中国山水花鸟的情趣，寓唐诗宋词的意境，在有限的空间内点缀假山、树木，安排亭台楼阁、池塘小桥，使苏州园林以景取胜，景因园异，给人以小中见大的艺术效果。拙政园享有“江南名园精华”的盛誉。宋、元、明、清历代园林各具自然的、历史的、文化的、艺术的特色。 现在我们到达了古典园林大家可以下车了，请有各位游客朋友们注意：进了古典园林之后，请不要随地吐痰，乱扔垃圾，谢谢。 我们现在已经进了古典园林的第一站——留园。留园在苏州园林中其艺术成就颇为突出。以其严谨布局、高雅风格、丰富景观，曾被评为“吴中第一名园”。留园厅堂敞丽，装饰精美，利用许多建筑群将全园空间巧妙分隔，组合成成若干各具特色的景区，这些景区用曲廊联系，全园曲廊长达七百余米，随形而变，因势而曲，使园景堂奥深远，无穷变化，有步移景异之妙。分为中、东、西、北四区。中部
和东部是全园的精华部分。中部以山水为主景，水他们于中央，池水西、北两侧，假山石峰屹立;池水东南两侧，楼、廊、亭、轩错落，形成鲜明的对比。东部以建筑呈其佳丽，重檐迭楼，曲院回廊是突出冠云峰的一组建筑群。西部是自然风光，颇多野趣。北部是田园景色，别有风味。 我们现在到了狮子林，狮子林中从元代流传至今的狮子林假山，群峰起伏，气势雄浑，奇峰怪石，玲珑剔透。假山群共有九条路线，21个洞口。横向极尽迂回曲折，竖向力求回环起伏。游人穿洞，左右盘旋，时而登峰巅，时而沉落谷底，仰观满目迭嶂，俯视四面坡差，或平缓，或险隘，给游人带来一种恍惚迷离的神秘趣味。“对面石势阴，回头路忽通。如穿九曲珠，旋绕势嵌空。如逢八阵图，变化形无穷。故路忘出入，新术迷西东。同游偶分散，音闻人不逢。变幻开地脉，神妙夺天工。”“人道我居城市里，我疑身在万山中”，就是狮子林的真实写照。现在自由活动，下午三点钟在这集合。 现在，我们要去寒山寺，相信大家都听说过。当然，说到寒山寺，大家自然会想起“姑苏城外寒山寺，夜半钟声到客船”的诗句吧!因唐初有个叫寒山的和尚未在这里住过而得名。现在寺内存碑一方，上刻张继写的《枫桥夜泊》一诗。 好了，今天的游园活动到此结束，愿大家旅途愉快，谢谢。 第二篇：苏州园林导游词 各位游客朋友们，你们好!我代表苏州欢乐旅行社对你们来到苏州表示热烈的欢迎。我是你们的导游小黄，大家也可以叫我黄导。今