Role of infection in irritable bowel syndrome

食物不耐受和肠易激综合征俞骁珺n;钟捷【摘要】食物不耐受是肠易激综合征常见的临床症状之一.其发生机制可能与食物刺激机体肠黏膜并造成肠道微环境紊乱有关.食物抗原、肠道有害菌群等引起肠道黏膜免疫应答,使肠黏膜长期处于低级别炎症状态,造成特异性IgG4抗体产生、肥大细胞浸润及其生物活性介质的释放等,肠内菌群代谢毒素亦可加重肠道神经内分泌功能紊乱;在多因素相互作用下发生肠功能的紊乱.治疗方面,可通过饮食干预和肠道益生菌的补充有效改善临床症状.【期刊名称】《国际消化病杂志》【年(卷),期】2011(031)004【总页数】3页(P192-194)【关键词】肠易激综合征;食物不耐受;肠黏膜免疫;饮食干预【作者】俞骁珺n;钟捷【作者单位】200025,上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院消化内科;200025,上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院消化内科【正文语种】中文肠易激综合征(IBS)是一种以肠功能紊乱为主要表现的慢性疾病。

食物不耐受是其常见的临床特征之一,表现为进食某些食物或食物成分后产生各种不良反应。

约2/3的IBS患者认为他们身上存在此症状。

本文综述现阶段对于此两者之间关系的认识。

1 食物不耐受与IBSIBS的发病机制目前尚未明确。

其可能的相关因素包括内脏感觉异常、胃肠动力改变、感染后的肠道黏膜改变、神经内分泌功能紊乱、精神因素及食物因素等。

患者表现出胃肠道功能紊乱,包括腹胀、腹痛、大便习惯的改变等。

近年来,食物因素对于IBS的影响受到众多关注。

食物通过以下两种途径对消化道产生影响,包括食物过敏及食物不耐受。

前者是患者对食物中某些蛋白存在特异性抗体而造成IgE介导或非IgE介导的免疫应答;后者则是食物或其中的添加剂对胃肠道的刺激引起的各种临床表现。

食物相关的消化道症状在IBS患者中相当常见,约60%以上的患者认为自己在摄入某些食物后会有各种不适症状,其中在进食15min内即发生症状的约占28%,而93%的患者在3 h内出现症状[1]。

我的烦恼肠胃不好英语作文Digestive problems are a common issue that can affect people of all ages. They can range from mild discomfort to severe pain and can significantly impact a person's quality of life. There are many different types of digestive problems, but the most common include:Constipation: Constipation is difficulty passing stools. It can be caused by a number of factors, including diet, lifestyle, and medical conditions.Diarrhea: Diarrhea is frequent, loose, or watery stools. It can be caused by a number of factors, including infection, food poisoning, and medical conditions.Heartburn: Heartburn is a burning sensation in thechest that is caused by stomach acid backing up into the esophagus. It can be caused by a number of factors,including diet, lifestyle, and medical conditions.Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): IBS is a common digestive disorder that causes abdominal pain, cramping, bloating, and diarrhea or constipation. It is thought to be caused by a combination of factors, including genetics, diet, and stress.Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): IBD is a group of chronic digestive disorders that cause inflammation of the digestive tract. The two most common types of IBD are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.Diverticular disease: Diverticular disease is a condition in which small pouches (diverticula) form in the walls of the large intestine. It can be asymptomatic or can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, cramping, and bleeding.Hemorrhoids: Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the anus or rectum. They can be caused by a number of factors, including straining during bowel movements, pregnancy, and childbirth.Digestive problems can be managed with a variety of treatments, depending on the type of problem and the severity of the symptoms. Treatment options may include:Diet: Diet can play a significant role in managing digestive problems. Eating a healthy diet that is high in fiber and low in fat and processed foods can help to improve digestion and reduce symptoms.Lifestyle: Lifestyle changes can also help to improve digestion. Getting regular exercise, managing stress, and getting enough sleep can all help to keep the digestive system healthy.Medications: Medications can be used to treat a variety of digestive problems. Over-the-counter medications can be effective for mild symptoms, while prescription medications may be necessary for more severe symptoms.Surgery: Surgery may be necessary to treat some digestive problems, such as diverticular disease and hemorrhoids.Digestive problems can be a nuisance, but they can also be a sign of a more serious underlying medical condition.If you are experiencing digestive problems, it is important to see a doctor to rule out any underlying medical conditions and to get the appropriate treatment.。

胃肠道疾病与情绪的关系胃肠道疾病是指影响胃和肠道功能的一系列疾病，包括胃酸过多、胃炎、胃溃疡、肠易激综合征等。

近年来，越来越多的研究表明，情绪与胃肠道疾病之间存在着紧密的联系。

本文将探讨胃肠道疾病与情绪的关系，并分析情绪对胃肠道健康的影响，以及如何调节情绪来缓解胃肠道疾病。

一、胃肠道疾病与焦虑情绪的关系1.1 焦虑情绪对胃肠道疾病的影响焦虑情绪是一种常见的负面情绪，当人们在面临压力和困难时，往往会出现焦虑情绪。

研究发现，焦虑情绪对胃肠道有着直接的影响。

焦虑情绪可能引起胃肠道蠕动失调，使肠道的运动速度过快或过慢，从而导致腹痛、腹泻或便秘等症状。

同时，焦虑情绪还可能增加胃酸分泌，导致胃酸过多，引发胃酸反流、胃炎等胃肠道疾病的发生。

1.2 调节焦虑情绪的方法为了缓解焦虑情绪对胃肠道健康的影响，我们可以采取一些方法来调节焦虑情绪。

首先，要积极应对和缓解压力，如学习放松技巧、定期进行体育锻炼、与亲友交流等。

其次，建立良好的生活规律，保证充足的睡眠时间，注意饮食均衡，避免嗜食辛辣、油腻食物。

此外，我们还可以试着进行一些心理疏导，如保持乐观心态、寻求心理咨询等，以减轻焦虑情绪的困扰。

二、胃肠道疾病与抑郁情绪的关系2.1 抑郁情绪对胃肠道疾病的影响抑郁情绪是一种常见的情绪障碍，表现为情绪低落、失去兴趣和快乐感等。

研究显示，抑郁情绪与胃肠道疾病之间存在着密切的关系。

抑郁情绪可以导致胃肠道蠕动减慢，从而造成便秘等症状。

此外，抑郁情绪还可能引起食欲改变，导致进食过多或过少，进而影响胃肠道的正常功能。

2.2 调节抑郁情绪的方法调节抑郁情绪可以有多种途径。

首先，可以寻求心理咨询或专业心理治疗来缓解抑郁情绪。

其次，保持积极的生活态度和乐观的信念，鼓励自己从事一些喜欢的活动，培养兴趣爱好，增加生活乐趣。

此外，规律的作息和良好的睡眠质量也对缓解抑郁情绪有一定的帮助。

同时，要保持良好的饮食习惯，避免暴饮暴食或长时间的禁食，注意营养的均衡摄入。

现代消化及介入诊疗　２０２１年第２６卷第３期ＭｏｄｅｒｎＤｉｇｅｓｔｉｏｎ＆Ｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎ２０２１牞Ｖｏｌ．２６牞Ｎｏ．３·综述·功能性胃肠疾病的发病机制概述张悦１，刘聪２，张润涛１，康永２ 【提要】　功能性胃肠疾病（ＦＧＩＤ）是一种以慢性或反复出现的腹部疼痛症为特征的临床综合征。

近年来国内外学者对其发病机制的研究不断深入，现从肠－脑轴紊乱、饮食、环境因素、遗传因素、感染、轻度黏膜炎症、免疫激活、肠道通透性改变、胆汁酸代谢紊乱及５羟色胺代谢异常等机制方面进行综述。

【关键词】　功能性胃肠疾病；ＦＧＩＤ；发病机制中图分类号：Ｒ５７　文献标志码：Ａ　ＤＯＩ：１０．３９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１６７２－２１５９．２０２１．０３．０２７作者单位：１０３００１２山西省中医药研究院（硕士在读）；２０３００１２山西省中医药研究院方剂研究所基金项目：山西省青年科技研究基金（２０１８０１Ｄ２２１３８５） 功能性胃肠疾病（ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｌｇａｓｔｒｏｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌｄｉｓｏｒｄｅｒｓ，ＦＧＩＤ），如功能性消化不良（ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｌｄｙｓｐｅｐｓｉａ，ＦＤ）或肠易激综合征（ｉｒｒｉｔａｂｌｅｂｏｗｅｌｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ，ＩＢＳ）的特征均是慢性或反复出现的腹部疼痛［１］，其中肠易激综合征还伴有排便性状或排便习惯的改变［２］。

自１９９４年罗马标准被引入以来，随着相关研究的深入发展使人们对该病的认识不断提升，尤其是在病理生理学、流行病学等领域取得一系列重要成果，然而在治疗方面的进展却非常缓慢。

近几年中，医学界有关功能性胃肠疾病的研究主要围绕胃肠道运动［３］与内脏感觉功能［４］改变来对其潜在发病机制展开分析，然而，临床中尽管一些患者胃肠道运动和感觉功能的改变与症状的表现有关，但在大多数患者中，它们可能只是潜在紊乱，并无直接关联［５］。

近几年，人们应用多种新疗法进行临床试验，但结果多是与安慰剂相比仅有微乎其微的效果，或仅对非常小的群体有效，大多试验都以失败告终。

嗜酸性粒细胞在肠易激综合征中作用的研究进展施赛男　林　琳　姜柳琴*南京医科大学第一附属医院消化内科（210029）摘要　肠易激综合征（IBS ）是一种以反复腹痛伴排便习惯改变为特征的功能性胃肠病，严重影响患者的生命质量，其发生、发展由多种因素共同作用。

嗜酸性粒细胞作为胃肠道固有成分，起着维持肠道局部稳态的作用。

肠道嗜酸性粒细胞的活化对IBS 的发生、发展具有直接或间接的作用。

本文就嗜酸性粒细胞在IBS 中的潜在作用作一综述。

关键词　肠易激综合征；　嗜酸性粒细胞；　作用机制；　治疗Progress of Research on Role of Eosinophils in Irritable Bowel Syndrome SHI Sainan, LIN Lin, JIANG Liuqin. Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing (210029)Correspondence to ：JIANGLiuqin,Email:*******************Abstract Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by repeatedabdominal pain and changes in defecation habits, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The occurrence and development of IBS are affected by many factors. As an inherent component of the gastrointestinal tract, eosinophils play a role in maintaining the local homeostasis of intestine. The activation of intestinal eosinophils plays a direct or indirect role in the occurrence and development of IBS. This article reviewed the progress of research on the potential role of eosinophils in IBS.Key words Irritable Bowel Syndrome;　Eosinophils;　Mechanisms;　TherapyDOI ： 10.3969/j.issn.1008⁃7125.2023.01.010*本文通信作者，Email:*******************肠易激综合征（irritable bowel syndrome, IBS ）是常见的功能性胃肠病，表现为与排便相关的反复腹痛，全球患病率为1.3%~7.6%，患者总体生命质量显著降低，心理和经济负担较重[1⁃3]。

Red Flags
• • • • • • • • • Anemia Rectal bleeding Heme-positive stools Weight loss ( >10 pounds ) Fever New or recent onset in patient older than 50 years Noctural symptoms Persistent diarrhea or severe constipation Family history of colon cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or celiac disease • Palpable abdominal or rectal mass • Recent antibiotic use
Differential Diagnosis
• Epigastric or periumbilical pain : biliary tract disease, peptic ulcer disease, intestinal ischemia, carcinoma of the stomach and pancreas • Lower abdomen pain : diverticular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, carcinoma of the colon • Postprandial pain + bloating, nauseintestinal obstruction, Giardia lamblia or other parasites • Diarrhea : lactase deficiency, laxative abuse, malabsorption, hyperthyroidism, inflammatory bowel disease, infectious diarrhea • Constipation : drugs( anticholinergic, antihypertensive, antidepressant), hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, acute intermittent porphyria, lead poisoning

脑-肠轴在肠易激综合征发病中的作用李宁宁;方秀才【摘要】肠易激综合征(IBS)的发病可能与肠道动力异常、内脏高敏感、感染、精神心理等有关.脑-肠轴在IBS发病中的作用引起普遍关注,上述的发病因素均可整合到脑-肠互动框架中进行阐述,脑-肠轴成为研究IBS发病机制的切入点.本文从脑-肠轴的概念、作用机制、脑-肠轴功能异常与IBS发病、靶向治疗等方面对脑-肠轴在IBS发病中的作用作一综述.%The mechanism of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may be related to such factors as abnormal intestinal motility , visceral hypersensitivity , infection, psychological factors and so on. The role of brain-gut axis has caused widespread concern, and the risk factors mentioned above can be illuminated in the framework of brain-gut interaction. Consequently , brain-gut axis becomes the breakthrough point to research the pathogenesis of IBS. In this article, we will review the role of brain-gut axis in the pathogenesis of IBS from the following aspects: the concept of brain-gut axis, the mechanism of its action, the abnormality of brain-gut axis in IBS incidence, and targeted therapy.【期刊名称】《胃肠病学和肝病学杂志》【年(卷),期】2013(022)002【总页数】4页(P163-166)【关键词】肠易激综合征;脑-肠轴;作用通路;发病机制;靶向治疗【作者】李宁宁;方秀才【作者单位】中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院,北京协和医院消化内科,北京,100730;中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院,北京协和医院消化内科,北京,100730【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R574肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome，IBS)是一种常见的功能性肠病，患者表现为腹痛或腹部不适伴有排便习惯和粪便性状的改变，其发病与肠道动力异常、内脏高敏感、肠道炎症与免疫反应、精神心理因素等有关。

奥硝唑通常具有良好的耐受性，通 过 检 索 国 内 外 文 献 发 现，其常见的 不 良 反 应 有 轻 度 胃 部 不 适 （如 恶 心、呕 吐 ）、头 痛、眩晕及静脉 炎 等。 其 他 不 良 反 应 可 见 有 过 敏 性 休 克、嗜 睡、癫痫 样 发 作 、心 跳 骤 停 、外 周 神 经 异 常 等 个 例 报 告［２］。本 例患者为由奥硝唑引起的注射侧手 臂 及 肩 背 部 的 疼 痛 ，国 内 尚未见报道，但在 同 类 药 物 中 甲 硝 唑、替 硝 唑 均 可 见 有 引 起 身体 疼 痛 的 案 例 报 道 。 ［３－６］ 硝 基 咪 唑 类 药 物 引 起 的 身 体 疼 痛 机制不明，可能因 该 类 药 物 具 有 一 定 的 脂 溶 性，与 神 经 系 统 组织接触后产生神 经 毒 性，继 而 影 响 到 肌 肉 纤 维 组 织，从 而 引起肌肉疼痛有关。因此建议临床 医 师 在 使 用 时，应 严 格 把 握其适应证，控制给药速度，并密切 观 察，发 现 患 者 有 不 适 反 应及时停药，妥善处理，避免或减少 严 重 不 良 反 应 的 发 生 ，提 高用药安全性。 参考文献： ［１］ 陈新谦，金有豫，汤光．新 编 药 物 学 ［Ｍ］．１７ 版．北 京：人 民 卫
［作 者 简 介 ］王 少 兵 ，男 ，电 话 ：０７１６－８２２５６２４，Ｅ－ｍａｉｌ：ｔｍｗｓｂ＠ｔｏｍ．ｃｏｍ ［作 者 简 介 ］李 巧 荣 ，女 ，硕 士 ，主 治 医 师 ，电 话 ：０５３１－８５９５３２７７－６６３７，Ｅ－ｍａｉｌ：ｈｕｓｈｕｉｚｈａｎｌａｎ＠１６３．ｃｏｍ
· ９２４ ·
中国医院药学杂志２０１３年第３３卷第１１期 Ｃｈｉｎ Ｈｏｓｐ Ｐｈａｒｍ Ｊ，２０１３ Ｊｕｎ，Ｖｏቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ ３３，Ｎｏ．１１

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.l672-9463.2021.05.018腹可安联合双歧杆菌四联活菌治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征的临床研究冯璐璐1赵佳欣2腹泻型肠易激综合征（Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome,IBS-D）在人群中较为普遍，是消化科常见的肠道疾病，全球总发病率约为20%,我国总发病率约为11.5%,是公认的严重影响生活的疾病[的。

IBS-D临床多表现为腹痛、腹泻、排便次数增多等肠道症状，虽不引起肠道器质性改变，但反复发作给人们的心理及正常工作生活带来严重影响卩⑷。

IBS-D发病机制复杂，目前有证据表明，该病的发生、发展与肠黏膜屏障功能降低有关，尤其是肠道生物屏障与机械屏障®役腹可安是临床治疗腹泻的常用中成药,有良好的临床疗效。

双歧杆菌四联活菌（Bifidobacterium tetrad viable,BTV）具有调节肠道菌群紊乱，恢复肠道生态平衡等作用，更是临床公认治疗IBS-D的有效药物P]o本研究拟采用腹可安联合BVT治疗IBS-D,观察其对患者临床疗效及肠黏膜机械屏障和生物屏障功能的影响。

1材料与方法1.1研究对象本研究采用单盲前瞻性方案，选取我院2018年6月-2020年10月门诊收治的IBS-D 患者90例，并采用随机数字法分为BTV组和联合组，各45例。

BTV组患者男22例，女23例，年龄18-52岁，平均（38.22±7.68）岁，病程4个月~4.5年,平均（2.37±0.37）年；联合组患者男23例，女22例，年龄19-53岁，平均（38.64±8.42）岁，病程5个月~4.8年，平均（2.39±0.41）年。

两组患者一般临床资料比较差异无统计学意义（Q0.05），具有可比性。

1.2诊断标准IBS-D诊断参考罗马N诊断标准[8]o 纳入标准:有明确肠易激综合征（IBS）病史或已诊断;每月至少3d出现IBS-D症状;至少出现以下标准中的两次:①排便后恢复正常;②发作时排便次数增多;③排便时大便质地为糊状或水样,仅少数时间成形;④年龄大于18周岁;⑤患者本人签署知情同意书。

医院常用缩写引言概述：在医疗行业中，为了方便医务人员之间的交流和记录，常常使用缩写来代替一些常见的术语和病症。

这些缩写不仅简化了专业术语的表达，还提高了工作效率。

本文将介绍一些医院常用的缩写，帮助读者更好地理解和应用于医疗工作中。

一、医院科室缩写1.1 内科缩写- ICU：重症监护室(Intensive Care Unit)- CCU：冠心病监护室(Coronary Care Unit)- ER：急诊室(Emergency Room)- OR：手术室(Operation Room)- NICU：新生儿重症监护室(Neonatal Intensive Care Unit)1.2 外科缩写- ENT：耳鼻喉科(Ear, Nose, and Throat)- Ortho：骨科(Orthopedics)- Plastics：整形外科(Plastic Surgery)- GS：普通外科(General Surgery)- Urology：泌尿外科(Urology)1.3 妇产科缩写- OB/GYN：妇产科(Obstetrics and Gynecology)- L&D：分娩室(Labor and Delivery)- IVF：试管婴儿(In Vitro Fertilization)- PID：盆腔炎(Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)- PPH：产后出血(Postpartum Hemorrhage)二、常见疾病缩写2.1 心血管疾病缩写- HTN：高血压(Hypertension)- CAD：冠心病(Coronary Artery Disease)- MI：心肌梗死(Myocardial Infarction)- AF：心房颤动(Atrial Fibrillation)- CHF：充血性心力衰竭(Chronic Heart Failure)2.2 呼吸系统疾病缩写- COPD：慢性阻塞性肺疾病(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) - TB：肺结核(Tuberculosis)- ARDS：急性呼吸窘迫综合征(Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) - PNA：肺炎(Pneumonia)- OSA：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(Obstructive Sleep Apnea)2.3 消化系统疾病缩写- GERD：胃食管反流病(Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)- IBD：炎症性肠病(Inflammatory Bowel Disease)- PUD：消化性溃疡(Peptic Ulcer Disease)- HCC：肝细胞癌(Hepatocellular Carcinoma)- IBS：肠易激综合征(Irritable Bowel Syndrome)三、药物和治疗方法缩写3.1 常用药物缩写- NSAIDs：非甾体抗炎药(Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)- ACEI：血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors) - ARB：血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂(Angiotensin Receptor Blockers)- β-blockers：β受体阻滞剂(Beta Blockers)- SSRI：选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)3.2 常见治疗方法缩写- CPR：心肺复苏(Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)- PT：物理治疗(Physical Therapy)- OT：职业治疗(Occupational Therapy)- RT：放射治疗(Radiation Therapy)- ECT：电休克疗法(Electroconvulsive Therapy)四、医学检查和诊断缩写4.1 常用检查缩写- CBC：完全血细胞计数(Complete Blood Count)- EKG/ECG：心电图(Electrocardiogram)- CT：计算机断层扫描(Computed Tomography)- MRI：磁共振成像(Magnetic Resonance Imaging)- PET：正电子发射断层扫描(Positron Emission Tomography)4.2 常见诊断缩写- DM：糖尿病(Diabetes Mellitus)- RA：类风湿性关节炎(Rheumatoid Arthritis)- MS：多发性硬化症(Multiple Sclerosis)- UTI：尿路感染(Urinary Tract Infection)- GERD：胃食管反流病(Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)五、其他常用缩写5.1 常见身体部位缩写- CNS：中枢神经系统(Central Nervous System)- GI：胃肠道(Gastrointestinal)- GU：泌尿生殖系统(Genitourinary)- ENT：耳鼻喉科(Ear, Nose, and Throat)- MSK：骨骼肌肉系统(Musculoskeletal)5.2 常见医疗设备缩写- ECG：心电图机(Electrocardiogram Machine)- BP：血压计(Blood Pressure Monitor)- IV：静脉输液(Intravenous Infusion)- O2：氧气机(Oxygen Machine)- X-ray：X射线机(X-ray Machine)5.3 常见医学组织和机构缩写- WHO：世界卫生组织(World Health Organization)- CDC：疾病控制与预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)- FDA：美国食品药品监督管理局(Food and Drug Administration)- AMA：美国医学协会(American Medical Association)- NIH：美国国立卫生研究院(National Institutes of Health)结论：医院常用缩写在医疗工作中起到了简化术语、提高工作效率的重要作用。

肠易激综合征疼痛治疗现状和进展*方菲菲侯晓华宋军#华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院消化内科（430022）摘要腹痛是肠易激综合征（IBS ）患者突出的临床症状，极大影响患者的生命质量。

由于其病因的复杂性以及存在的巨大个体差异，处理IBS 患者的腹痛仍是临床难点。

近年针对IBS 腹痛的治疗方法主要包括非药物治疗（饮食、运动等生活方式干预、肠道微生态调节）、药物疗法（解痉药、薄荷油、抗抑郁药、非吸收型抗菌药物等）以及心理行为干预。

本文就IBS 腹痛治疗现状和进展作一综述，以期为临床医师治疗IBS 患者的腹痛提供依据。

关键词肠易激综合征；腹痛；治疗Status and Progress of Pain Treatment in Irritable Bowel Syndrome FANG Feifei,HOU Xiaohua,SONG Jun.Division of Gastroenterology,Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan (430022)Correspondence to:SONG Jun,Email:******************AbstractAbdominal pain is a prominent syndrome in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS),which greatlyaffects the quality of life of patients.Due to the complexity of etiology and great individual variation,abdominal pain treatment in IBS patients is still a clinical difficulty.The treatment of IBS pain includes non ‑drug therapy (lifestyleintervention such as diet and exercise,gut microbiota modulation),drug therapy (antispasmodics,peppermint oil,antidepressants,non ‑absorbed antibiotic)and psychological behavior intervention.This article reviewed the status and progress of pain treatment in IBS,so as to provide evidences for clinicians.Key wordsIrritable Bowel Syndrome;Abdominal Pain;TherapyDOI ：10.3969/j.issn.1008‑7125.2022.07.008*基金项目：国家自然科学基金（81873553）#本文通信作者，Email:******************肠易激综合征（irritable bowel syndrome,IBS ）是最常见的功能性胃肠病之一，临床特征为反复发作的腹痛、腹胀或腹部不适，与排便相关或伴随排便习惯如频率和（或）粪便性状改变，且无器质性病变存在[1]。

2024年华二附中高三上暑期检测卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.His Portraits（肖像）Bring PeaceIn January 2014, when Luigi Quintos, 54 held his newborn grandson, Ayden, for the first time, the baby weighed just over a pound. Ayden had been born two months premature, and doctors thought he might not make it. Heartbroken, Luigi turned (21) _________ art to calm himself. He had been drawing portraits of people off and on since elementary school.This time, Luigi drew a portrait of Ayden with his parents -- Luigi's son and daughter-in-law -- (22) _________ (look) down at him. "It was my way of making sure they'd always be together," he says.After five months in intensive care, Ayden pulled through. (23) _________ (excite) by the good news, Luigi set up a Facebook page, Priceless Images, where he offered to draw portraits of other kids who were sick. "I thought my work might offer comfort," he says.Within days, his inbox (24) _________ (fill) with requests. It is often the case (25) _________ parents send Luigi an email containing a photo of their child and a description of the child's illness. Sometimes they request that the artist remove oxygen tubes and wires (26) _________ appear in the photo. One family asked for their child's eyes (27) _________ (draw) open, an image they never got to see in real life.Each drawing takes Luigi, who works as a driver in Salem, Oregon, a few hours. (28) _________ he'd done, he mails an 11-by-14-inch portrait to the parents and posts a version of the drawing on his Facebook page.To date, Luigi (29) _________ (complete) 450 portraits, with another 350 on the waiting list. But Luigi doesn't mind the backlog. "The drawings give families something (30) _________ can hold on to," he says.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. awareB. considerableC. ever-expandingD. fearfulE. outperformingF. platformsG. primitivelyH. prospectsI. revitalizingJ. substantiallyK. unsatisfyingChangesI have been working with Chinese students since the 1990s, and have observed firsthand their changing conditions. Many are certainly __31__ that life today is far more comfortable and easier than it was in their grandparents', or even parents', youth. With this in mind, I would like to share some of what they related to me, including their hopes, dreams and fears which are like what I've found on Douyin, Kuaishou, Weibo, Zhihu and even Biliblili -- all popular __32__ among young people in China.After taking stock of China's efforts to protect human lives and improve people's livelihoods, including eliminating（消除）extreme poverty and __33__ the countryside, pushing forward with green development, and standing tall as a major power, many feel proud to be Chinese in this day and age. They expressed a(n) __34__ confidence in China's future and are eager to be part of it.Several described feeling a type of existential concern. On the one hand, they're proud to be Chinese, happy to be part of a large, powerful nation, and pleased that their conditions and __35__ are strong. On the other, having grown up in an accelerating（加速的）consumer society, shaped __36__ by social media, they also described feeling small and isolated.Interestingly, some pointed directly to their __37__ relationship with commodities（商品）, describing them as an unhealthy but inescapable addiction, including concerns that commodity culture, together with social media, is pushing people into feeling smaller and smaller in a(n) __38__ digital space.With their favorable conditions also come the pressures they feel __39__ previous generations. None said they wanted to "lie down" (tangping), but they noted intense competition both among their peers and form international sources. They were __40__ of running to death, of living shallow lives and reaching early graves.III. Reading ComprehensionsSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Exploring the vast area where psychology and physiology meet, recent studies are continually casting light on an interesting phenomenon: the impact of our mental states on physical health. The concept of a mind-body connection, often viewed with disbelief, is now gaining __41__ through scientific inquiry. __42__, happiness has been found to have a protective effect against common illnesses. This revelation came from a 2003 study where over 300 participants, exposed to a cold virus, exhibited fewer symptoms if they had a generally __43__ outlook on life. These individuals weren't just happier; they were healthier.This link between our psychological state and physical well-being extends beyond __44__ illness. Focusing on the longevity of optimists, research led by Dr. Laura Kubzansky of Harvard has revealed that an optimistic outlook is associated with a lower 'allostatic load' -- the wear and tear on the body from long-term stress. This __45__ burden is thought to contribute to longer lifespans, with the most optimistic among us living significantly longer lives.Another striking area where the mind's influence is __46__ is in the function and length of telomeres -- protective caps at the ends of our chromosomes（染色体）. Dr. Elizabeth Blackburn's pioneering work has shown that individuals under long-term stress have shorter telomeres, which can __47__ earlier cellular aging. On the other hand, positive mental attitudes and practices like meditation appear to __48__ telomere length, suggesting that our mental practices can influence the very aging process of our cells.The __49__ of these findings are broad and significant, particularly in medical treatment and recovery. The placebo（安慰剂）effect, once a mere footnote in clinical trails, is now a central focus in understanding how belief and expectation can bring about real __50__ changes. From reducing pain to improving surgery outcomes, placebos have demonstrated that our belief in a treatment's __51__ can appear as real healing in the body.Recent experiments have explored this by administering 'open-label' placebos -- placebos given with full __52__ that they contain no active ingredients -- to patients. Remarkably, theseplacebos can still lead to improvements in conditions like irritable bowel syndrome, __53__ our perception about the nature of healing.As we look to the future, the developing field of psychoneuroimmunology（心理神经免疫学）is sure to offer even more insights into how our mental landscape affects our physical health. The implications of this could be transformative, as we begin to __54__ psychological wellness into our standard healthcare practices. The ultimate question that emerges is not whether our minds influence our health -- that much is __55__ -- but how we can use this power most effectively for a healthier society.41. A. control B. support C. access D. sympathy42. A. In addition B. By contrast C. On average D. For instance43. A. pessimistic B. cautious C. positive D. changeable44. A. mental B. fatal C. addictive D. temporary45. A. added B. reduced C. ignored D. continued46. A. local B. indirect C. visible D. harmful47. A. lead to B. take up C. hand over D. set aside48. A. measure B. preserve C. describe D. restrict49. A. implications B. characteristics C. overview D. relation50. A. recent B. behavioral C. physical D. general51. A. effectiveness B. duration C. availability D. security52. A. apology B. strength C. disclosure D. protection53. A. challenging B. exploring C. enhancing D. gaining54. A. divide B. provide C. open D. integrate55. A. unnecessary B. clear C. stable D. carelessSection BDirections: Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Amid the holiday season's business, it's the unanticipated moments that often stay in the heartthe longest. I remember one such instance, on a winter day, in a crowded store. My role, repetitive and boring, was interrupted by a sight that demanded my attention - and elderly woman threading her way through the crowd, her pace a sharp contrast to the hurried shoppers.Her companion, a younger woman, radiated impatience with each heavy breath of annoyance. The divide between them was palpable, a silent proof to the swift passage of time and the slow dance of age.Moved by a feeling of connection that frequently arises around seniors, I approached to offer help. The older woman's smile was a pause in time, a softening in the day's rhythm. She passed me a slip of paper, on which a classic movie title was hurriedly written - a film she was eager to locate and share.Guiding her along the memory-rich aisles, we quickly located the film. During our short exchange, she vividly recounted her past, her memories lighted up by the silver screen's shimmer -- each film capturing valuable life lessons.As I handed her the DVD, our conversation turned to her companion, her granddaughter, who watched us with confused emotions playing upon her face. "Cherish her," I found myself advising, a gentle request to preserve the moments that would one day become the most treasured of memories.They left the store with the granddaughter's pace now slowed down to match the elder's. In their departure, a sudden understanding passed between us, a reminder that life's true essence is often found in the gentle press of a hand, the warmth of a shared glance, and the preciousness of time spent with those we love. It was a lesson in empathy（共情）, a call to honor the connections that, while seemingly temporary, form the enduring fabric of our human experience.56. Why does the writer approach the elderly woman and her companion?A. The elderly woman looked lost.B. He wanted to sell them a membership.C. They had stayed in the store for too long.D. He was touched by feeling close to the elderly.57. What does the elderly woman's smile represent in the story?A. A break in the flow of time.B. Happiness at finding the film.C. Confusion about where she is.D. A brief connection with the writer.58. What underlying message does the writer convey to the granddaughter?A. The necessity of watching classic films.B. The importance of patience in shopping.C. Advice on selecting movies that old people love.D. The value of treasuring time spent with loved ones.59. What lesson does the writer reflect on at the end of the story?A. Different people have different understanding of human experience.B. Our connection with others is fundamental to human experience.C. Some connections are temporary while others will last long.D. Empathy is the best way to bring families together.(B)The Future of Driving: The Solar-Powered Light-year OnePicture this: driving down the highway, the heater keeping you off the winter chill, without a hint of worry about your car's charge. Welcome to the reality created by the Light-year One, the revolutionary solar-powered vehicle crafted by the visionary Dutch company, Light-year. Born from the talented minds of Solar Team Eindhoven, this vehicle is not just a car -- it's a statement, an innovative step into a sustainable future.The Dawn of Solar MobilityRange Without LimitWorst-case scenario: it's cold outside, and you've got the heat started while raveling at highway speeds. With Light-year One, expect to cover an impressive 400 km before needing a charge. That's the distance from Paris to Amsterdam! In a single journey, you can witness the marvel of engineering that makes "range anxiety" a term of the past.Making Use of the SunThe proof, boasting over 1,000 solar cells, turn daylight into distance. Each solar cell is a proof to Light-year's commitment to efficiency and strength -- capable of charging up to 12km on a sunny day. Imagine gaining an extra 97km per week, just by letting your car bathe in the sun. It's no wonder that in places like Phoenix, the Light-year One can be powered by the sun for the majority of the year.A Design that Speaks Elegance and EfficiencyWhat's Under the Hood?Don't let the smooth lines fool you. The Light-year One's design is a perfect combination of visual appeal and aerodynamic efficiency. Its teardrop shape minimizes drag, ensuring every joule（焦耳）of energy is used to its fullest potential. And speed? This eco-vehicle doesn't shy away from it, boasting a top speed of 160km/h (100 mph).Eco and Wallet FriendlyWe understand that innovation comes at a price. However, the €149,000 tag on the Light-year One is set to decrease as technology advances and production scales up. Light-year's promise is to deliver sustainable luxury that will soon become the new normal.Are you ready to embrace the change? The Light-year One isn't just a car; it's a forerunner of tomorrow. By choosing this path, you're not only adopting a new way of driving -- you're driving change, one sunny mile at a time.60. What is the passage mainly intended to do?A. Introduce and promote a solar-powered vehicle.B. Provide a technical manual for the Light-year One.C. Offer a historical account of solar-powered vehicles.D. Call attention to the technology used by the Light-year One.61. What can be learned about the Light-year One?A. It can move faster than 160km per hour.B. It can travel about 400 km on a single charge.C. It features a built-in solar panel cleaning system.D. It will be sold at a price higher than €149,000 soon.62. Suppose you were a car reviewer, how would you comment on the Light-year One?A. The Light-year One's introduction of solar power has practical challenges.B. The Light-year One presents a novel and efficient way to use electric power.C. The Light-year One's groundbreaking features are overshadowed by its high cost.D. The Light-year one prioritizes style and solar innovation but falls short in practicality.(C)This year, University College London made Semir Zeki the world's first professor ofneuro-aesthetics（神经美学）. In recent decades, he has used brain imaging techniques to pioneer the modern study of visual perception, as Nobel prize winner Eric Kandel writes on the jacket of Splendors and Miseries of the Brain, and his earliest books include an impressive study of art written (in French) with the painter Balthus. His new book aims to apply the neuroscience （神经科学）of creativity to artists, writers and composers such as Michelangelo, Dante and Wagner, and so it arouses high expectations. Unfortunately, the result is disappointing.Consider his treatment of Cezanne, a painter celebrated for subtle colouring of natural scenes. Near the beginning of the book, Zeki quotes Cezanne as saying: "Colour has a logic and the artist must always obey that logic, never the logic of the brain." Zeki disagrees: "There is, in fact, no logic to colour except the logic of the brain." Yet much later, in an admiring chapter on Cezanne, he remarks: "Though knowing nothing about the visual brain, Cezanne was nevertheless remarkably insightful into its workings." How, then, does Cezanne's understanding of visual perception differ from Zeki's? If Cezanne was wrong, why were his insights fruitful? The book never resolves this apparent contradiction.Zeki supports the idea that our perception of colors is not independent but rather essentially linked to how our brains interpret them. For example, the brain preserves our perception of colours regardless of lighting conditions, by cleverly keeping constant the proportion of red, green and blue light reflected from an object and from its surroundings. "A green surface, for example, remains green whether viewed at dawn, at dunk, or at noon on a cloudy or sunny day." Zeki writes. Leaves on trees do not appear to change colour with changes in weather. Indeed, he claims "there are no colours but constant colours."Surely, the truth is more complex. A leaf certainly looks green to us whether in bright sun or shadow -- but it is not the same green. The apples in Cezanne's 1873 painting Green Apples (below) contain at least half a dozen identifiable shades of green. Moreover, the greens change appearance under natural and artificial light. Anyone who has tried to choose a paint colour from a house decorator's colour chart knows how sensitive the brain's perception of colour is to light and shadow. What looked right on the chart often looks wrong on the wall.For all Zeki's evident scientific expertise expertise and love of the arts, he does not really succeed in using each to illuminate the other.63. What does the writer imply about Zeki's approach to the study of neuroaesthetics and art?A. Zeki focuses primarily on the technical aspects of art.B. Zeki's background limits his understanding of art in a scientific way.C. Zeki's work is praised for bridging the gap between neuroscience and art.D. Zeki's applies traditional artistic techniques to his neuroscience research.64. How can Zeki's handling of the contradiction regarding Cezanne's insights be inter-prated?A. As an innovative attempt to challenge traditional art criticism.B. As evidence of Zeki's deep understanding of Cezanne's work.C. As reflection of Zeki's preference for modern over classical art.D. As an oversight that highlights a gap in Zeki's argumentation skills.65. What is the writer suggesting about the complexity of color perception as discussed by Zeki?A. Zeki's views are too complex for a general audience.B. Zeki oversimplifies how human beings perceive colors.C. Zeki's research on color perception is irrelevant to the study of art.D. Zeki has discovered the definitive explanation for color perception.66. What can be inferred about the writer's perspective on the potential of neuroscience to enhance our understanding of art?A. The writer is convinced neuroscience has no place in the study of art.B. The writer thinks neuroscience should replace traditional methods of art analysis.C. The writer appreciates integrating neuroscience and art but finds Zeki's work shallow.D. The writer believes Zeki's work has successfully unified the fields of neuroscience and art.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. The ritual of listening to her albums became my comfort, especially after my father passed away.B. This music has made me new friends, told me new stories, brought back things I thought I'd lost a long time ago.C. It is the untold stories of countless souls who, through melody and rhythm, found a way to express what words alone could not.D. But music didn't really reach me until we played a Billie Holiday record on our old player.E. A musician is born and then made.F. I write not just to entertain.Billie Holiday Sang to MeMy early Saturday mornings were reserved for learning music at the local music academy. We, the students, were little musicians, ears and hearts open to the raw, emotional teachings of the great composers. _____67_____Billie's voice was a gateway to a deeper understanding of human emotion. Her soulful tunes would stay in the air of our living room, teaching me more about life than any textbook could. Her songs spoke of a world that was far from fair or kind, yet she sang with a strength that seemed to rise above the pain._____68_____ Her voice filled the silence of his absence. The bluesy undertones and heartfelt words found in songs like "Strange Fruit" and "God Bless the Child" were my companions through the winding path of grief and healing.I grew to see music as an extension of the self, a form of narrative that could capture the essence of who we are, who we were, and who we hope to be. Each chord and lyric（和弦和歌词）became a mirror, reflecting parts of my identity I was still exploring, parts of my heritage thatwere woven into the fabric of American's complex musical history.Years later, as I started my own journey in music, I found myself at the intersection ofartistry and advocacy, inspired by the lessons Billie Holiday's music taught me. Her commitmentto expressing her truth through her music, even in the face of hardship, became the guiding principle in my career.In my own compositions, I strive to capture that same honesty and raw emotion._____69_____ My purpose is also to communicate -- to build connections with listeners and to continue the dialogue that artists like Billie Holiday started with their groundbreaking work.Music, I've learned, is not merely sound arranged in pleasant orders. It is history. It is emotion. _____70_____ Billie's voice continues to remind me that the real power of music lies in its ability to touch the soul, to heal, and to inspire a future where everyone's story can be heard.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. All Things Must PassAs social currents shift, we witness the come and go of trends that once seemed permanent. Reflect on the evolving journey of facial hair styles -- a measure of fashion that swings from the presence of lush beards（浓密的胡须）to the simplicity of smooth shaves. A study once suggested that this swing might be less about fashion and more about biology and social dynamics.The theory goes that when a particular style becomes too common, it loses its uniqueness, and thus, its appeal. This pattern, termed 'Negative Frequency-Dependent Selection' (NFDS), suggests that rarity might give an advantage. For instance, in a sea of beards, the clean-shaven face becomes a sign of difference, an outlier that draws the eye.Yet, trends are more than mere biology; they are the whispers of a society speaking to itself about identity, resistance, and change. This is observed in the rise and fall of beards, a trend that grew as a response to an ever-changing world, where men pursued a re-connection with a raw, distinctive identity. It served as both a nod to by-gone eras and potentially a critique ofcon-termporary times.But as with all trends, saturation（饱和）leads to a tipping point. The uncommon becomes common, and society looks to the horizon for the next distinctive wave. The shift is inevitable, driven by an undercurrent of desire for something new.The phenomenon extends beyond facial hair to all manner of trends, from the clothes we wear to the devices we use. We chase the novel, the rare, the statement-making -- until, in our pursuit, we find it ordinary. And so, the cycle continues, driven by the ceaseless desire for differentiation and the inescapable pull of uniformity.As far as style is concerned, nothing is permanent. Today's symbol of distinction becomes tomorrow's footnote in the records of trend history. All that remains constant is change, and the certainty that whatever is considered the height of popularity now will inevitably become a part of history, paving the way for the fresh forerunners of the future.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 无论天气如何，他从不错过晨跑。

Chair of Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Parma; 1 Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Parma Hospital; 2 Chair of General Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) belongs to the group of functional gastrointestinal disorders, which includes functional dyspepsia and non-cardiac chest pain (1, 2). IBS is a frequent disease in adulthood affecting from 10 to 20% of the general population (3). Moreover, from 25 to 50% of gastroenterological outpatients suffer from IBS and it is estimated that from 60 to 75% of symptomatic subjects do not seek medical attention (4). The female/male ratio ranges from 1.1 to
ACTA BIOMED 2006; 77; 85-89
© Mattioli 1885
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Digestive System Diseases TranslationThe digestive system plays a vital role in the body, as it is responsible for breaking down and absorbing nutrients from the food we consume. However, there are several diseases that can affect the digestive system, interfering with its normal functioning. In this document, we will explore the translation of common digestive system diseases from English to another language.1.Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Gastroesophageal RefluxDisease, commonly known as GERD, is a condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing irritation and heartburn. The translation of GERD could be:–French: Maladie de reflux gastro-oesophagien (MRGO)–Spanish: Enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico (ERGE)–German: Gastroösophagealer Refluxkrankheit (GERD)–Italian: Malattia da reflusso gastroesofageo (MRGE)2.Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) Peptic Ulcer Disease is a conditioncharacterized by open sores (ulcers) that develop in the lining of the stomach or the first part of the small intestine. The translation of PUD could be:–French: Ulcère gastroduodénal–Spanish: Úlcera péptica–German: Peptisches Ulkus–Italian: Ulcera peptica3.Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Inflammatory Bowel Diseaserefers to a group of disorders that cause chronic inflammation in the digestive tract. The most common forms of IBD are ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease.The translation of IBD could be:–French: Maladie inflammatoire de l’intestin (MII)–Spanish: Enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII)–German: Entzündliche Darmerkrankung (ED)–Italian: Malattia infiammatoria intestinale (MII)4.Gallstones Gallstones are hardened deposits that form in thegallbladder, which is responsible for storing bile. The translation of gallstones could be:–French: Calculs biliaires–Spanish: Cálculos biliares–German: Gallensteine–Italian: Calcoli biliari5.Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Irritable Bowel Syndrome is acommon disorder that affects the large intestine, causing symptoms likeabdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. The translation of IBS could be:–French: Syndrome du côlon irritable (SCI)–Spanish: Síndrome del intestino irritable (SII)–German: Reizdarmsyndrom (RDS)–Italian: Sindrome dell’intestino irritabile (SII)6.Celiac Disease Celiac Disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered bythe consumption of gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Thetranslation of celiac disease could be:–French: Maladie cœliaque–Spanish: Enfermedad celíaca–German: Zöliakie–Italian: Malattia celiaca7.Hepatitis Hepatitis refers to inflammation of the liver, often caused byviral infections. The translation of hepatitis could be:–French: Hépatite–Spanish: Hepatitis–German: Hepatitis–Italian: EpatiteThese translations will be useful for individuals seeking information or medical assistance related to digestive system diseases in another language. It is important to consult with healthcare professionals for accurate diagnosis and treatment options.。

NICE Guidance, 2008

Patients with IBS find that symptoms subside when asleep, waking from sleep is an indication that other conditions should be considered
IBS
was found in 51% of patients who struggled with chronic fatigue syndrome
Investigations…
Comprehensive
history should be obtained, including family history of CRC and aggravating and relieving factors FBC, ESR, CRP, TTG antibody testing to exclude other pathological conditions Psychological investigation
Anaemia Abdominal
masses Rectal masses Inflammatory markers for inflammatory bowel disease If there is significant concern that symptoms may suggest ovarian cancer then a pelvic examination should be considered



It tends to be those patients who have IBS associated with diarrhoea that require further investigations as there is an overlap with other diseases such as Coeliac disease or Inflammatory Bowel Disease A colonoscopy is advised by the BSG for those patients over the age of 50 if there is a new onset of altered bowel habit in order to exclude bowel cancer IBS patients however have no increased risk of colon cancer, therefore screening for this is no different to the general population

肥大细胞及肠嗜铬细胞在肠易激综合征患者肠道的表达及意义初探汪斌;韩真【摘要】目的:研究肠易激综合征(IBS)患者肠黏膜肥大细胞(MC)及肠嗜铬细胞(EC)的变化及其相互关系,探讨其在IBS内脏高敏感性中的作用和临床意义.方法:符合罗马Ⅲ诊断标准的IBS患者56例,对照组25例.肠道黏膜标本取自回盲部、升结肠、降结肠、乙状结肠和直肠,应用甲苯胺蓝改良染色法和免疫组织化学染色法分别对MC和EC进行染色,并应用彩色病理图像分析软件及免疫组化分析软件进行分析.结果:IBS患者回盲部、升结肠、降结肠、乙状结肠MC明显增多(P＜0.05),直肠MC无明显变化;IBS患者MC存在显著变异;IBS患者肠黏膜EC阳性细胞表达增强(P＜0.05),其含量较正常对照组显著升高(P＜0.05).结论:MC和EC的相互作用在IBS内脏高敏感的病理生理过程中可能具有重要作用.【期刊名称】《皖南医学院学报》【年(卷),期】2011(030)003【总页数】3页(P193-195)【关键词】肠易激综合征;肥大细胞;肠嗜铬细胞【作者】汪斌;韩真【作者单位】铜陵市人民医院消化内科,安徽铜陵244000;皖南医学院附属弋矶山医院消化内科,安徽芜湖241001【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R574.4肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome，IBS)是指一组包括腹痛、腹胀、排便习惯和大便性状异常，持续存在或反复发作而未见形态学和生化异常改变［1～4］的症侯群。

研究结果显示发病可能与肠道动力、内脏感觉过敏、胃肠激素、肠道感染和心理等因素有关［5～7］。

目前 IBS是一种全球性疾病，人群患病率较高，且有逐年增加的趋势。

研究表明，胃肠黏膜肥大细胞(mast cell，MC)毗邻肠神经系统，MC可以通过各种介质作用于肠道神经元和平滑肌细胞，经常与其他功能性肠病有症状重叠［8］，作为免疫系统中的重要细胞成分之一，MC与胃肠运动、胃肠感觉关系密切［9］，MC在这两个系统的信息传递中起着重要作用，5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)是一种广泛存在于中枢神经系统和胃肠道的神经递质。

中国皮肤性病学杂志２００８年１２月第２２卷第１２期ＣｈｉｎＪＤｅｒｍＶｅｎｅｒｅｏｌ，Ｄｅｃ．２００８，Ｖ０１．２２，Ｎｏ．１２·７３１·三种慢性变应性皮肤病患者食物不耐受结果分析曹永艳１，程良玉２，周小勇１，李东升１，董碧麟１，马玲１［摘要】目的比较慢性湿疹、异位性皮炎及慢性荨麻疹患者对１４种食物的不耐受情况。

方法ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测３组患者和正常对照组血清中１４种食物特异性ＩｇＧ抗体，并进行等级判定以区分食物不耐受的程度。

结果３组患者食物不耐受发病率和严重不耐受的发病率均显著高于正常对照组，异位性皮炎患者食物严重不耐受的发病率最高，达６２．５％；三组患者对鸡蛋和牛奶的发病率最高，且不耐受的程度最严重，而异位性皮炎患者对鸡蛋和牛奶严重不耐受的发病率又显著高于另外两组患者；三组患者食物严重不耐受的发病均主要分布在婴幼儿组和青少年组，但异位性皮炎患者食物不耐受的发病年龄和异位性皮炎自身的发病年龄分布一致。

结论食物不耐受和异位性皮炎的关系较为密切，提示食物不耐受在异位性皮炎的发病中可能占裾较为重要的地位，但其确切机制有待进一步探讨。

［关键词］食物不耐受；慢性荨麻疹；慢性湿疹；异位性皮炎［中图分类号】Ｒ７５８．２４；Ｒ７５８．２３；Ｒ７５８．２［文献标识码］Ｂ［文章编号】１００１—７０８９（２００８）１２—０７３１—０２ＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆＦｏｏｄＩｎｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅｉｎＰａｆｉｅｎ缸ａｍｏｎｇＴｈｒｅｅＣｈｒｏｎｉｃＡｌｌｅｒｇｉｃＳｈｉｎＤｉｓｅａｓｅｓＣＡＯＹｏｎｇ－ｙａｎ，ＣＨＥＮＧＬｉａｎｇ－ｙｕ，ＺＨＯＵＸｉａｏ－ｙｏｎｇ，ｅｔａｌ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＤｅｒｍａｔｏｌｏｇｙ，ＦｉｒｓｔＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌｏ／Ｗｕｈａｎ，Ｗｕｈａｎ４３００００，Ｃｈｉｎａ）Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：ＯｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅＴｏｃｏｍｐａｒｅｔｈｅｆｏｏｄｉｎｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅａｍｏｎｇｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓｗｉｔｈａｔｏｐｉｃｄｅｒｍａｔｉｔｉｓ、ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃａｎｄｃｈｒｏｎｉｃｔｉｅａｒｉａｃｏｎｔｒａｓｔｅｄ诵ｔｌｌｎｏｒｍａｌｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｓ．Ｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ１４ｆｏｏｄ—ｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃＩｇＧｏｆａｌｌｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｓ鹅ｗｅｌｌｎｏｒｍａｌｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｓｗｅｒｅｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｄａｎｄｒａｎｋｅｄｔｏｑｕａｎｔｉｆｙｔｈｅｓｅｖｅｒｉｔｙｏｆｔｈｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ．ＲｅｓｕｌｔｓＴｈｅｒｅＷａＳｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｉｎｔｏｔａｌｐｒｅｖａｌｅｎｃｅｏｆｆｏｏｄｉｎｔｏｌｅｒ－蛐ｃｅｏｆｔｈｅｓｅｔｈｒｅｅｇｒｏｕｐｓａｎｄｔｈｅｍｅｘｔｎｐｒｅｖａｌｅｎｃｅｗａｓ８２．９％．Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ．ｔｌｌｅｒａｔｅｏｆｆｏｏｄｉｎｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅｉｎＡＤｇｒｏｕｐｗａｓ６２．５％ｗｈｉｃｈｗａｇｍｕｃｈｈｉｇｈｅｒｔｈａｎｔｈａｔｏｆｏｔｈｅｒｔｗｏｇｒｏｕｐｓ．Ｔｈｅｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅｆｏｏｄｓｓｈｏｗｅｄｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｃａｔｅｇｏｒｙ—ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｔｒｅｎｄｉｎｃｏｍｎｌｏｎｉｎｔｈｅｓｅｔｈｒｅｅｇｒｏｕｐｓ：ｔｈｅｒｅｗｅｒｅｈｉｇｈｅｒｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｉｅｓｏｆｉｎｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅｉｎｅｇｇａｎｄｍｉｌｋｔｈａｎｏｔｈｅｒｆｏｏｄｓ．ＴｈｅｐｒｅｖａｌｅｎｃｅｏｆｖｅｒｅｉｎｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅｏｆｅｇｇａｎｄｍｉｌｋｉｎｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓｗｉｔｈＡＤｗ鹪ｍｕｃｈｈｉｇｈｅｒｔｈａｎｔｈａｔｉｎｏｔｈｅｒｔｗｏｇｒｏｕｐｓ’．Ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓｓｕｆｆｅｒｅｄｗｉｔｈｉｎｔｏｌｅｒ－ｉｎｔｈｅｓｅｔｈｒｅｅｇｒｏｕｐｓｍａｉｎｌｙｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｅｄｉｎｙｏｕｎｇｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎａｎｄａｄｏｌｅｓｃｅｎｔ．Ｎｅｖｅｒｔｈｅｌｅｓｓ，ｔｈｅａｇｅｏｆｏｎｓｅｔｏｆｆｏｏｄ—ｉｎｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅｉｎＡＤｇｒｏｕｐｗａｇｃｏｉｎｃｉｄｅｎｔ诫ｔｈｔｈｅｏｎｓｅｔ—ａｇｅｏｆａｔｏｐｉｃｄｅｒｍａｔｉｔｉｓ．ＣｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎＴｈｅｒｅＷａｇｃｌｏｓｅｒｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｆｏｏｄｉｎ—ｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅａｎｄａｔｏｐｉｃｄｅｒｍａｔｉｔｉｓ．ＴｈｉｓｆｉｎｄｉｎｇｓｕｇｇｅｓｔｓｔｈｅｐｏｓｓｉｂｉｌｉｔｙｏｆｐａｔｈｏｐｈｙｓｉｏｌｏｇｉｅａｌｒｏｌｅｆｏｒｆｏｏｄｉｎｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅｉｎＡＤ，ｂｕｔｔｈｅｅｘａｃｔｍｅｃｈａｎｉｓｍｎｅｅｄｓｔｏｂｅａｐｐｒｏａｃｈｅｄ．Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ：Ｆｏｏｄｉｎｔｏｌｅｒａｎｃｅ；Ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃｅｃｚｅｍａ；Ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃｕｒｔｉｃａｒｉａ；Ａｔｏｐｉｃｄｅｒｍａｔｉｔｉｓ食物不耐受是食物特异性ＩｓＧ抗体所致的迟发型变态反应，主要累及皮肤及胃肠道。