★独立作文核心思路搭建
Heading (立场段)
Position= Question response —Clear
！程度+ 态度
*To large extent, I am on the opposite side of this claim. * To large extent, I am on the side of this claim.
Body （主体论证段）
Support--Strong
！论点+ 论据
（概括）（具体）
* CS1—Concede (agree) / (disagree)
+ support (reason)
--分析/ 解释
CS2—Point1 (disagree1) / (agree1)
+ support (reason)
--分析/ 解释
/ +
--案例/数据
CS3—Point 2 (disagree2)/ (agree2)
+ support (reason)
--分析/ 解释
/ +
--案例/数据
Ending （总结段）
Conclusion—Complete
* To sum up, there is no point to claim that …. What is more, it is essential for us to have circumspection before any critical decision-makings. （it is essential that circumspection is made beforehand.）(建议类话题)
* To sum up, there is no point to claim that …. What is more, it is essential for us to have circumspection before drawing a conclusion. （结论话题）
☆题型分类：
建议类：
2011年02月05日
agree or disagree：The parents should let children make mistake and let them learn from their own mistake.
2010.1.30
agree or disagree:The government should support scientific research that does not have any practical use.
2010.3.12
agree or disagree: If parents want their children to do well at school, they should limit the time their children spend on watching TV.
结论类：
２０１１.７.９
agree or disagree:It is more important to choose friends that have fun with than to choose friends that will help you when you need them.
2010.5.8
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
The best way for parents to teach their children about responsibility is to have them care for animals.
2010.5.２０
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Ｗｏｒｋｉｎｇat home using computers or telephones is better than working in the office.
2010.2.13
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
People holding different views cannot achieve success as a team.
Frame—思路框架
应对题型1：唯我独尊型（排他型）
（the only/ the best/ the most important…）
D o you agree or disagree that the m ost important thing that government can do
to improve health care is to clean the environment
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
The best way to improve education is to raise teachers’ salaries.
同意否：University Education is the most important factor of success in life
Do you agree or disagree that improving schools is the most important factor in successful development of country?
D o you agree or disagree that v isiting museums is the best way to know a country.
A gree or disagre e: the best way to travel is i n a group led by a tour guide.
A gree or disagree: T he best way for parents to teach their children about responsibility is to have them care for animals.
*题型特点：
The …est is X
*思路框架：
Heading
To large extent, I am on the opposite side of this claim.
Body
CS1. Concede
Concede—A is …(好/ 重要/ 有效).
To begin with, I have to concede that X, at certain degree, plays an indispensable role in…/ is indispensable.
限制级让步：
…, to certain/ some extent, …
…, at certain / some degree,…
…, in certain/ particular cases, …
…, on certain / specific occasions,…
…, under certain/ particular circumstances,…
…, theoretically speaking,…
…, in short-terms,…
CS2. Disagree1 (Optional)
Nevertheless, X is also problematic.
/
Nevertheless, X also suffers from some defects/ flaws/ drawbacks.
/
*inevitable
-- … + v. + inevitable
It can inevitably give rise to / trigger disasters.
-- It is inevitable that…
It is inevitable that … runs the risk of giving rise to disasters. / negative influences. * immune
--be not immune to
Nevertheless, it is inevitable that X also suffers from several defects Nevertheless, X is not immune to several defects
* makes the claim misrepresentative
makes the claim fail to be representative.
makes the claim open to question.
makes the claim vulnerable to any question or challenge.
* degrade … as
degrades the claim as misrepresentative.
! Nevertheless, X is not immune to several defects, which makes the claim vulnerable to any question or challenge.
Nevertheless, it is inevitable that X also suffers from some defects, which makes the
problematic/ fail to be representative/ open to question.
/
Nevertheless, it is inevitable that X also suffers from some flaws, which degrades the claim that it is such solution that is of the most significance as misrepresentative.
/
estimate—estimation
assess—assessment
evaluate—evaluation
Nevertheless, it is inevitable that the overestimation over the effectiveness/ the objectiveness of X also suffers from some flaws, which degrades the claim that it is such solution that is of the most significance as misrepresentative.
/
Nevertheless, it is inevitable that the ultimately positive attitude toward X also suffers from some flaws, which degrades the claim that it is such solution that is of the most significance as misrepresentative.
CS3. Disagree2
X is not the …est.
What is more, there is no point to assert that X is supposed to be/ X is entitled to be eternally the best approach.
/
What is more, there is no point to assume that X is entitled to enjoy the eternal priority to any other approaches.
CS4.
过分侧重X 后果严重，危害巨大。
Overemphasizing X would be extremely harmful.
* influence—consequences
negative influence
destructive/ disastrous / pernicious consequences
! 侧重…
emphasis vs emphasize
place emphasis on X
overemphasize X
put X to the priority
-- the consequences of overemphasizing X would turn out to be destructive / disastrous
-- the consequences of placing too much emphasis on X would turn out to be destructive.
-- the consequences of placing X before anything else would turn out to be destructive.
Ending
To sum up, it is groundless to put X to the first priority. What is more, it is essential for us to have circumspection before drawing a conclusion.
To sum up, I would, at large degree, cast doubt on the claim that it is X that is second to none/ that is prior to any other.... What is more, it is essential for us to take the si gnificance of other… into account.
Practice:
D o you agree or disagree that the m ost important thing that government can do
to improve health care is to clean the environment
Heading
Currently, the issue of health care is much concerned to a point where a wide discussion has been aroused. One point is that it is cleaning the environment that serves as the most significant measure that a government can take. After a closer scrutiny into this matter, to large extent, however, I am on the opposite side of this claim.
Body
CS1.
To begin with, I have to concede that a pleasant environment, at certain degree, is indispensable for a promoted health care.
CS2.
Nevertheless, it is inevitable that the overestimation over the effectiveness of cleaning the eco-system also suffers from some flaws, which degrades the claim that it is such solution that is of the most significance as misrepresentative.
CS3.
What is more, there is no point to assume that optimizing the environment is entitled to enjoy the eternal priority to any other available approaches.
CS4.
Finally, the consequences of placing too much emphasis on X would turn out to be destructive.
/
Finally, the consequences that placing too much emphasis on X are expected to bring about would turn out to be destructive.
ending
To sum up, I would, at large degree, cast doubt on the claim that it is the improvement of the environment that is that is prior to any other measures that are available. What is more, it is essential for us to have circumspection before drawing a conclusion.
Type2 厚此薄彼型
（A> B / is A not B）
I n today's world, to speak well is m ore important than to write well. Agree or disagree. Do you agree or disagree? A job with more vacation time but a low salary is better than a job with a high salary but less vacation time.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Movies and TV programs made in one’s own country is always more interesting than those made in other countries.
你是否同意：看电视比看书学的多
D o you agree or disagree: It is more enjoyable to have a job and work long hours for three days in a week than to work shorter hours for five days in a week.
D o you agree or disagree with the statement: 一个老师和学生沟通的能力比老师自己具有Excellent knowledge 更重要。
a gree or disagree: 是应该放更多的钱在access internet 上，而不是public transportation
D o you agree or disagree: Governments should spend m ore money in support of arts than in support of athletics such as state-sponsored Olympic teams
D o you agree or disagree that people can learn m ore from watching television than reading books.
Heading
To large extent, I am on the opposite side of this claim.
CS1 To begin with, I have to concede that TV programs, at certain degree, are informative.
+
The quantum leaps in science and technology serve as a catalyst for the popularization and upgrades of TV and TV networks on a global scale.
CS2 Nevertheless, there is no point to assert that it is through TV, rather than books that we can learn much more.
CS3 At last, the consequences of placing too much emphasis on the influence of TV over that of books would turn out to be destructive.
*思路框架：
Heading
To large extent, I disagree with this claim that it is A that outweighs B / it is A that overshadows B and reckon that it assumes a distorted and narrow view.
To large extent, I disagree with this claim that it is A that outweighs B / it is A that overshadows B and reckon that the former and the latter are intertwined elements that are playing respective roles in…
●intertwine
●play respective roles in…
CS1 Concede
Concede—A is significant
First of all, I have to concede that A, under certain circumstances, is necessary/ valuable/ indispensible.
CS2 Disagree2
A is not always more important than B
Nevertheless, there is no point to claim that it is A that enjoys more significance over B.
/
Nevertheless, the claim / assumption/ assertion that it is A that outweighs B is open to question/ misrepresentative.
CS3 Disagree3
A> B 后果严重，危害巨大
At last, the consequences of placing too much emphasis on A instead of B would be destructive.
/
At last, the consequences that placing too much emphasis on A instead of B are expected to bring about would be destructive.
Ending
All in all, at large degree, I would cast doubt on the c laim that…. What is more, it is
essential for us to have circumspection before any critical decision-makings/ before drawing a conclusion.
/
To sum up, I would frown on the assumption that it is A that outweighs B. What is more, it is essential for us to keep a balance between A and B./ it is essential for us to take the significance of B into account.
Practice:
a gree or disagree: 是应该放更多的钱在access internet 上，而不是public transportation
Heading
… To large extent, I am on the opposite side of this claim and reckon that it assumes a distorted and narrow view.
Body
1.
First of all, I have to concede that strong financial support on the access of the internet, under certain circumstances, indispensible.
2.
Nevertheless, the claim / assumption/ assertion that it is spending on internet that outweighs spending on public transportation is open to question/ ….
3.
At last, the consequences that placing too much emphasis on internet instead of
public transportation expected to bring about would be doomed / deemed as destructive.
Ending
….
Type3判断类1—单纯定义/评价型
题型特点：X 好/ 不好/ 有益/ 有害/ can/ cannot
is/ is not
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
The way a person is dressed in is a good indication (体现）of his/her character or personality.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Many countries are paying attention to environmental problems. But the attention is not making the environmental situations better.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
It is more likely for people with more skills to succeed.
D o you agree or disagree: people should pay to use public transportation
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: In order to become financially responsible adults, children should manage their own money at the young age.
Heading
To large extent, however, I am on the opposite side of this claim.
Body
CS1. Concede
To begin with, I have to concede that X, at certa in degree, is/ can….
!Mirror effect…
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Many countries are paying attention to environmental problems. But the attention is not making the environmental situations better.
CS2. Disagree1
Nevertheless, X also suffers from several defects …
Nevertheless, it is inevitable that X also suffers from several defects, which makes the assertion/ claim / assumption fail to be representative / open to question / irrational.
Nevertheless, X is not immune to sev eral defects, which …
* inevitable
-- inevitably…
-- it is inevitable that…
* be not immunue to
/
Nevertheless, X cannot solve the problem.
Nevertheless, X is awkward in serving as a key, which makes the claim vulnerable to any question or challenge.
/
Nevertheless, X cannot represent the reality.
!Mirror effect…
CS3. Disagree2
At last, the consequences that X is expected to bring about would be destructive.
Ending
All in all, at large degree, I would cast doubt on…. What is more, it is essential for us to…
/
To sum up, I would, at large degree, cast doubt on this claim. What is more, it is essential
for us to consider for all the factors that matters before drawing a conclusion/ proposing a solution.
Practice
D o you agree o r disagree: people should pay to use public transportation
Heading
To large extent, I am on the opposite side of this claim.
Body
1. To begin with, I have to concede that the public transportation, at certain degree, is supposed to be supported on financial level.
2.
Nevertheless, it is inevitable that the proposal suffers from several defects, which makes the claim that the public is responsible for paying for the public transportation open to question.
+
@ oversimplification
@ show no respect to the difference among cases
3. impose sth. on sb
At last, the consequences of imposing the payment on people would turn out to be destructive.
/
At last, the consequences that imposing the payment on people for public transportation are expected to bring about would turn out to be destructive.
+
negative influence –wide
the advantages < the disadvantages
?the disadvantages outweigh the adv
?… overshadows
negative influence—deep
… runs the risk of driving … to a dead end
@ … runs the risk of driving the healthy growth of… to a dead end.
@ … runs the risk of driving the sustainable development of… to a dead end.
@ … runs the risk of driving the well-being of society to a dead end.
Type4判断类2—因果-结论型
题型特点：结果A是由原因B导致
agree or disagree The advice from the grandparents is of no use to their grandchildren because the world has changed a lot over the past 50 years.
D o you agree or disagree: Advertisements waste money and time of companies because consumers know what they want to buy.
1.concede—ads—money-consuming
2.nevertheless—not waste
As the economy and technology develop at an incredible speed in today’s society, there are an increasing number of people believing that the most important problems affecting our society today could be solved within our lifetime. In my view, however, this is out of the question and the three most significant problems affecting the society, namely war, environmental destruction and disease, will still influence us and may not be entirely resolved forever. War is a problem afflicting humans since they took into being in the first place. Wars take place when different countries have conflicting benefits, which is unlikely to be eliminated as long as the boundaries between countries still exist. For instance, in the Middle East where water is extremely scarce, many countries are in conflict in contention for water resources. Since every country acts for the sake of its own benefit, it seems that people in the region are incapable of living together in harmony. Eternal world peace, therefore, is unlikely to be achieved in our lifetime. Environmental destruction emerged not long before but it is becoming increasingly severe and can not be ignored. With the large-scale utilization of fossil fuels and rapid development of industry, huge amounts of pollutants are being produced, contaminating the environment to a large degree. The disposal of these pollutants being a tough task, it is hardly possible that we can completely get rid of them within a short period of time. Furthermore, even if we can come up with optimal methods for dealing with these substances, there remains the problem that these methods may cost too much and obstruct the development of economy. Last but not least, the well-being of people around the world is threatened by a variety of diseases, ranging from AIDS to cancer, the cures for which have not been discovered yet. Diseases set off panics among humans, affect their normal life and leave people badly off with the high medical expenses. There are thousands of scientists devoting themselves to finding cure for diseases, but new types of diseases keep emerging and there is no eliminating all of them. In summary, the problems with the most significance today are going to be passed on to our offspring. To eliminate these problems thoroughly, there is still a long way to go.
托福作文185题 【篇一：托福官方作文185题库范文【全】】 目录 toefl.ibt 高分作文思路＋范文完美重排版 (3) 本部分填补了目前网络ibt 备考资料的空白。根据李笑来老师提供的作文思 路与《ibt 高分作文》原书范文重排。本部分对ibt 考试的独立写作部分与 口语部分均具有重要的参考作用。 范文中加粗部分均依为原书所有。 附录一 185 题库按关键词分类 (184) 照录原书附录 附录二李笑来作文笔记（独立部分） (185) 根据本人新东方听课详尽笔记整理而成 附录三句法多样性专题 (193) 附录四例证表达法 (199) 时间匆忙，欢迎指出错误，将在后面的版本中修正。 感谢笑来老师给我们提供了如此之好的备考材料，一切版权归笑来老师所有。 仅供广大ibt 考生备考参考，建议购买原版以更好使用。 lost lawyer 2006 年11 月10 日 page 2 of 201 toefl.ibt 高分作文思路＋范文完美重排版 1. why people attend college? people attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). why do you think people attend college or university? use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.『分析』
托福独立精选作文 Ｄo you agree or disagree with the following statement： students should be encouraged to take courses like science, technology, engineering and math that are likely to lead to job opportunities rather than subjects they might be interested in. Ｔhe question of “ what is the most important subject or skill the schools should teach? ” has never failed to attract attention from educators, school administrators and even politicians especially when it comes to subjects like technology, engineering and math. Ｓome argue that students should be encouraged to take such classes rather than the ones they are interested in since they give them a better shot to find jobs. Ｈowever, personally, Ｉ am not in favor of this position based on the following reasons. Ａdmittedly, it is true that courses like technology, engineering and math are very technical, most of which can be applied in solving real world issues. Ｈowever, the exposure that students have to apply these theories are very limited in class. Ｔaking technical oriented classes will not give students a competitive
托福独立写作主体段写法技巧——双观点篇 托福独立写作对于很多托福考生来说是取得高分难以逾越的一道鸿沟, 这不仅需要大量的练习, 还需掌握其中的诀窍。今天, 教育优选为各位考生带来托福独立写作主题段双观点的写法点拨,希望对各位考生有所帮助。 通常对于独立写作我们都会选择五段式的结构,这个结构包括三个主体段, 按照题型我们可以将写作类型分为三个:支持反对类 (单观点、对比比较类 (双观点、自主定义类。今天,闫玲娟老师跟各位考生分析一下有关双观点类题目的写作技巧,下面是一道典型的题目: Topic 2008.11.9 Movies and TV have more positive effects than negative effects on young people’ s behavior. 电影电视对于青少年行为的影响利大于弊。 题目中明显要求就电视的优点以及缺点进行比较,我们暂且用 A 、 B 表示两个不同观点 1.A+A+B 双关的写作的第一种写法是运用两个正向的论点去支撑 A , 再用一个论点去支持 B ,因为 A 的优势更大一些,所以最终得出 A 更合适的结果。 Topic 2008.11.9 Movies and TV have more positive effects than negative effects on young people’ s behavior. 电影电视对于青少年行为的影响利大于弊。 Agree :
The positive influence outweighs their negative effects. Large quantities of motion pictures (movies about encouragement strengthen young generation’ s willpower to chase dreams with determination. Influenced by a number of interesting TV programs, young people begin to learn things that they used to feel boring. Admittedly , we should not ignore that there are some violent plots which tend to result in teenage crimes.However, this kind of movie makes up only a small section of products in film industry and is under the strict control of government. Therefore, its influence is quite limited. 我们可以看到, 在这种写法中, 我们所支持的观点为电影电视是利大于弊的。 前两个理由我们先正向抛出两个论点说明为什么它们对青年人的影响利大于弊, 最后一个分论点我们写让步段, 先承认它们的确有可能对青年人行为产生错误的引导, 但是其后又对这些错误影响做一些弥补, 因为有负面影响的节目只是整个电影市场的一小部分,不能够以偏概全,断章取义。 2.A+A-B 我们介绍的第二种写法是, 先用两个正向的论点支持 A , 再用一个论点去反对B ,最终得出 A 更适合的结果。 Topic :Some people argue that the government should not spend money on public services and facilities, but on arts. 有一部分人认为政府应该花更多的钱在公共服务和基础设施上,而非艺术上。 Public facilities, widely accepted as the main foundation to a city’ s development, should be one of the highest priorities. In addition to social benefits, ther e are a great number of economic merits that …
托福独立写作高分范文4 ● 绝对词型 185题库 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best https://www.doczj.com/doc/3112033215.html,e specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Obviously, in most cases the earliest teachers people have are their parents, and parents are generally most concerned about the development of their children. However, it is not completely true to say that parents are the best teachers. Parents may, nevertheless, help their children much more than do good teachers. Most parts of children education are virtually beyond teachers' reaches. It is parents that supplement. Psychology studies have shown us that parents' love sometimes has astonishingly magic power to their children. Forest Gump's mother is a good example. On the other hand, parents might do their children harm more than do bad teachers as well. The natures of those children whose parents have misbehaviors are often severely distorted. In reality, not all parents are good teachers. As normal individuals, some parents more or less have some bad habits. Even though parents almost instinctively devote themselves to cultivating their offspring, the outcome might turn out to be disappointment, for all children tend to unconsciously or subconsciously copy everything including bad ones from their parents. Another deficiency of parents as teachers is the fact that most parents are lack of common senses of education. All too often we observe some parents tend to pursue their cherished but failed dream by forcing their children to develop in a prearranged direction. Ironically, when their children do not follow the instructions, the children will be regarded as disobedient or allegedly rebellious. In fact, it is parents rather than their children that virtually disobey common senses. Moreover, some parents are qualified as good teachers, but not all of them are the best ones. When children are in the preliminary school, it is not surprising that parents are perhaps capable of teaching their children almost every subject even better than professional teachers in the school. But the situation will not last long. We live in a world where knowledge is accumulated by multiplying and at the same time becomes more and more specialized. Therefore, to be a professional in a certain field today takes much longer time than has ever been before. No parent is able to be professional in all fields, though they might be experts in one or more fields. Wise parents often release rather than charge their children as early as possible. They are aware of the possibility outside the family. In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that parents are the best teachers.(403)
TPO40-48全部分托福独立写作文本题目汇总 对于托福考试，相信大家对于TPO托福模考软件都不陌生，现在市面上可以下载到免费的TPO模考软件。虽然TPO模考软件里的题目是不会出现在考试中，但是考生可能通过它了解托福考试的题型以、考试模式及题目的难易度掌握，所以TPO托福模考软件对考生十分的重要。 最近TPO托福模考软件更新了40-48套题，这也是ETS为了考生适应未来考试而放出的题目，所以练习这几套题十分重要。这里小编为大家整理了TPO40-48全部托福独立写作文本题目，希望对大家托福写作备考有帮助，快来看看吧。 TPO40独立写作题目文本 Independent Writing Directions Read the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words. Question: Essay Topic Some parents offer their school-age children money for each high grade (mark) they get in school. Do you think this is a good idea? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. TPO41独立写作题目文本 Independent Writing Directions Read the question below. You have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Typically, an effective response will contain a minimum of 300 words. Question: Essay Topic Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teacher were more appreciated and valued by society in the past than they were nowadays. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏（１） Which one do you prefer, to solve problems on your own experience and knowledge, or to ask others for advice? As knowledge and experience serve as twim towers in problem-solving, one is often presented with two major paths that pave the way for final fulfillment, eitther to wrack his brain, just like what happened to Neuton, siiting for many years under an apple tree and eventually figuring out ond of the greatest universal rules that govern the whole globe, or to seek for others ’ widsom through their advice, just as in the case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others’ advice contribute greatly to effectiveness and effeciency for a goal-accomplishment. Not all experience and knowledge related to problem-solving can be obtained by personal effort alone due to limitations of mind and capabilities of each individual. A single thought in someone’s mind is, more often than not, far less shining compared with group ’s wisdom. That explains the famous old saying that one sees further when standing upon the shoulders’ of past great giants; that explains why a great leader is always with greater minds; that also explains why teamwork in corperation is highly emphasized in the 21st century. Brainstorm and exchange of ideas between different thoughts never fail to enhance capabilities of each individula involved, a team, a company, an institution, a country, or even the entire global village. Asking others’ advice instead of getting everything done on one’s own promotes democracy and communication too. In terms of democracy, it is necessary to give others rights and chances to speak since the problem may concern them in different ways, and their saying in turn reflects our respect toward freedom of speech as well as their wisdom. In terms of communication, idea exchange sometimes focuses more than solutions, and hereby better mutual understanding about perspectives, principles, praticalities and personalities of each other. Admittely turning to others for help and suggestion by no means refers to absolute and irresponsible dependence. Consideration upon different thoughts and ideas broadens our mind, enlarges our vision, furthers understanding, enhances more effective and efficient brainstorm, and stresses mutual respect in groups and communities, which undoubtedly gives rise to better, if not the best solutions. As is paraphrasedfrom John F Kenedy, brainstormed, there is little we cannot do while divided, there is little we can do. 托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏(2) Case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others' advice contribute greatly
托福独立写作文章结构如何安排 托福独立写作*结构如何安排?常见问题及高分思路分享,下面就和大家分享托福独立写作*结构如何安排，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。 托福独立写作*结构如何安排?常见问题及高分思路分享 托福独立写作总分总结构很LOW吗? 说到托福写作的结构，曾有考生问过ETS官方，说中国语文的作文是总分总的结构，托福还是这么写会不会太低端了啊?官方给出的回答是，总分总的篇章安排不叫低端(low)，而叫经典(classic)。我们都说一个写作题目没有标准答案的范文，但是有一个东西可以说是形成了不成文的规定的，那就是一篇好的作文一定是有头有尾、中间细分几段论证的，这一点可以从很多官方给出的范文或是学生的高分*中得到证实。 托福独立写作到底应该写4段还是5段? 另外，很多考生还存在疑问的一点在于到底一篇*是写四段还是五段，在看来，两种结构各有利弊所在。一般写4段式的同学都是因为主体段只能想出两条理由，实在是想不出第三条理由，只能以1+2+1的结构完成*。大家都知道一般来说要想拿到不错的分数，一篇新托福议论文需要写到400字左右，那么，如
果主体段只写两段，势必需要考生在这两个段落的论证细节上写出更多的内容，否则字数撑不到那么多，而这一点对于很多考生来说恰恰也是很有难度的。相反地，如果写成5段式，貌似就需要考生能想出3条理由进行论证，但事实是，很多考生根本想不到3点理由，能想出2点已经是绞尽脑汁了。在这种情况下，怎么做才是最简易、最轻松的应对办法呢? 比较建议大家写5段式的*，但主体段并不是上文所说的3个理由段，而是采用2+1的模式，即两个理由段，再加一个让步段。关于理由段的写法，将在下文详细分析，在此先重点解释一下让步段到底是什么意思。“让步”字面意思是退一步，那么放到我们作文里，意思就是承认一下反方的观点。西方的*不太喜欢作者全篇一味强调自己观点的正确性，而是需要作者能适当回应并评价一下反方的观点，这样的*看起来会更加有说服力。当然，广大考生需要注意的是，这里提到的“承认反方观点”指的是“弱弱地承认”，承认过后必须再削弱回去或者说再驳斥回去，只有这样才能更强调出*观点的准确性，否则读者看起来会有confusion，也就是为什么一会儿支持自己的观点，一会儿又支持反方观点。 托福独立写作合理结构分配建议 总结一下，笔者推荐的新托福议论文结构为1+3(2+1)+1的模式。第一段总起全文，导入话题并给出本人观点，主体段前两段
托福独立写作高分开头写作方法 好的开端等于成功的一半，所以托福写作如果能写好开头，你的作文也能奠定下高分的基础。今天和大家分享托福独立写作高分开头写作方法,希望能帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。 托福独立写作高分开头写作方法 一.先根据话题铺设背景 在独立写作的背景铺垫中，首先我们需要明晰独立写作常考的15个topic，其中包括education，technology，sports等。在审题、理解题意之后，可以适当定位关键词进行文题分析和头脑风暴，进行社会背景定位。 示范：Increasingly，under the backdrop of the fierce social competition and the need for searching for individual growth，people especially employees show great concern to their career development. 二.确定观点 此步骤一定不要直接抄写原题。结合第一句的背景铺垫，可适当改写题目，引出有争议性的argument。 三.表明自己针对话题的立场
立场是开头段最为重要且核心的句子，其作用是表明了考生对这一论题的态度，且后面内容的陈述也是建立在这一立场基础上进行论证、分析;立场表明时，尽量用自己的语言进行表述最佳。 四.结尾句启下 过渡句的作用是承上启下，承接开头段内容的同时，以一种自然流畅的方式简要引出下文，从而加强*的逻辑关系;也可以适当提及中间段会涉及的论点，进行实际内容的铺垫。建议大家多进行练习和范文积累，一定可以总结出不同的过渡句写作方式。 示范：… with several reasons t o exemplify. 托福独立写作是托福写作的重点，而开头段对于独立作文整体评分影响颇大，所以小站君建议大家认真学习上文中关于开头段的写作方法，并运用起来，写出漂亮的开头。 托福写作解析：take more exercise 托福写作解析： If there’s a way to improve yourself, which one among the three choices you would take? 1. take more exercise 2. eat more healthy food
托福独立写作新题库—188题库 一、教育类 1.Teachers are appreciated and valued nowadays not as much as they were before.(Students nowadays do not respect teachers as much as they did in the past.)难度4考频4 2.University should spend more money supporting social activities rather than improving the food students eat.难度4考频3 3.When you are assigned an important presentation for work or school, you prefer to work on it right away so that you can work on it a little bit every day, or wait until you have a good idea about the presentation难度5考频3 4.Some students prefer to have their final grades determined by numerous small assignments, whereas others prefer to have their final grades determined by only a few large ones. Which do you prefer and why4/2 5. In order to attract good students, many universities spend a lot of money in society 3 6The student should be required to take history courses in the university no matter what their field of study 3 7Students can get as much benefits from participating student organizations or club activities as from their academic studies. 4/3
2012年大陆托福已考独立作文汇总（更新至11.18） 2012.1.8 Agree or disagree the food we ate in the past is health 2012.1.14 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? All school teachers should take course every five years to update their knowledge. 2012.2.05 人是应该坚持自己的远大但不容易实现理想还是应该着眼于现实目标 2012.2.11 Talented people’s leadership is born by natural and can't be learned by people, agree or disagree. 2012.2.17 Some prefer buy new technological devices; others having them when they are well-adopted. Which do you prefer? 2012.2.24 同意是否：团队合作中，不能接受批评的人不会成功的。 2012.2.25 Can two people be good friends if one person has more money than the other? 2012.3.04 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Employees who are good at following the instructions of their managers are more valuable to their companies than employees who always try to find new ways or better ways? 2012.3.10 当你和朋友谈论一些upsetting或者controversy的事的时候，你用e-mail\text messaging还是用phone\ voice messaging？ 2012.3.18 People care more about public recognition than about money. Even if no more money is given, public recognition can still make people work harder 人们工作是为了赚钱还是为了社会地位. 2012.3.24 To make children do well in school, parents should limit the hours that children spend on watching TV or movies.
托福独立写作开篇段写法 开头1：现象+题目改写+作者观点 现象：提出一种普遍现象或值得关注的现象(紧扣论题)作为背景 例如：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents should reward their children with money for the high grades. A: To some extent, scoring high at school might indicate a promising future. Thus, grades are commonly accept as a reliable criterion to evaluate the potential in a student. In the unprecedentedly competitive society today, most parents are having high ambitions for their children. In order to realize these glamorous expectations, they would spare no cost. A number of parents choose to reward their children with money if they manage to achieve high marks. As far as I am concerned, there are more defects than merits lying in such a measure. 例如：Some people prefer to work for a large company. Others prefer to work for a small company. Which would you prefer? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice. A: In today’s increasingly vigorous job market, two-way selection has become a most typical mode of employment. Both job hunters and employing units are facing equal chances of mutual-assessment. Such a hiring mode marks the noticeable progress of modern economy. Blessed with a large source of job offers, candidates have the freedom to decide which employer suits them best. Some prefer to work for small companies, while others are in favor of larger ones. If I were a job hunter, I would definitely choose a large enterprise. 开头2：事例+背景+题目改写+作者论点 事例：1. 媒体(电视，电台，报纸，杂志和网络)的报道 2. 自己，朋友，邻居，同事的事例 例如：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In the past, people were friendlier than they are today. A: In my childhood, my grandma used to tell me many stories about their “good old days”. They have all been etched deep in my mind. I could never forget them, even down to the smallest details. Those stories illustrated that the relationships between people at that time seemed to be purer and closer. As time goes by, society has undergone dramatic changes and so have people’s feelings towards each other. Realizing this, I have gradually accepted the reality of these changes. Indeed, people in the past were friendlier than people are now. 新通教育