中英翻译服装常用词
汇
abrasion resistance accessory acetate acid dyes across back(4 ” BLW CB) across front(5 ” BLW HPS) across measure acrylic adhesive / fusible interlining after finish / after treatment air-jet texturing yarn angora cashmere over coating anti-fungus anti-pilling antique brass coating anti-static antistatic finish apparel appealing look appearance retention armhole assembling of front & back part assembling section attach collar attach label attachment
AZO free / NO AZO AZO free dyes
back across back cover front backless dress back mid-armhole back neck drop back neck width back rise(below W/B) back stitch bar coded sticker bartack bartacker 服装英语词汇
05 英教 1 班
服装英语词汇A
耐磨性
辅料
醋酸
酸性染料后沃（后中下4”度）前
沃（肩高点下5 ”）
腈纶粘衬后整理空气变形丝兔
羊绒大衣呢防霉抗起球镀青古铜抗静
电防静电处理成衣吸引人的外表外观
持久性夹圈前后幅合并合并部分上领
上商标（车缝）附件环保染色非偶氮
染料服装英语词汇 B 后背宽
后搭前露背装后背宽后领深后领阔
后浪腰下起度返针，回针条形码贴纸
套结,打枣（牛仔上用，用于加固）打枣
车，套结缝纫机
陈小花
basic dyes 碱性染料
baste 假缝
basting 挑缝
batik 蜡染
bearer 袋衬
bearer & facing 袋衬袋贴
bedford cord 坑纹布，经条灯心绒beige 米色
bell bottom 喇叭裤脚
bellows pocket 风琴袋
belt 腰带
belt-loop 裤耳
bias cut 斜纹裁，纵纹裁bifurcate 分叉
big twill polyester peach 宽斜纹桃皮绒binder 包边蝴蝶，滚边蝴蝶binding 包边
binding of SLV. opening R折
binding/bound 滚条
binding of top vent 面叉包边
bind stitch 暗线
binding tape 包边
black / jet black 特黑
black stripe 黑条纺
black yarn 黑丝
blanket 毛毯，地毯
bleach 漂白
bleach spot 漂白污渍
bleeding 洗水后褪色
blend fibre 混纺纤维
blends 混纺
blinding 挑脚
blind stitch 挑脚线步、暗线blind stitch machine 盲缝车
block printing 模版印花
blouse 女装衬衫
body pressing 衫身熨烫
body rise 直浪
boot cut 喇叭裤
bottom 衫脚，下摆bottoms 下装
bottom vent of sleeve 细侧
Bordeaux /wine 紫红
box-pleated 外工字褶
boy 's style fly / left fly 男装钮牌，左钮牌braid 织锦，织带
break stitches briefs brocade broken end broken picks broken stitching brown brushed bubbled bubbling bulk production bundle system burn out burgundy/plum/violet/purple burnt-out bust dart length button 24L button button-hole button-holing button holing machine buttoning buttoning machine buttoning with button sewer button stand
calico/gray clothes camel cambric canvas care label cardboard carded carton cash pocket casing casual wear catching facing cation cation dyes C/B C/B vent center back center crease fold center crease line center front
断线
男装紧身内裤织锦，织带断经断纬断线古铜色磨毛轧泡起泡大批货生产执扎系统烂花紫色烂花胸褶长钮扣
24 号钮钮门/扣眼开钮
门钮门车钉钮钉钮车
用钉钮机钉钮钮门搭位
服装英语词汇 C
胚布驼色帆布马尾衬，
帆布洗水唛纸板粗疏
纸箱
表袋容位便装钮子阳离子
阳离子染料后中长后中叉（有
搭位/ 重叠位）后中
中骨对折中骨线前中
chain stitch 锁链线步
chain stitches 锁链线步
chain stitch machine 锁链车
chain stitch M/C 锁链车
chambray 绉布
crepe de-chine 绉布
charcoal 墨绿
check 格子
chemise 宽松服装
chest/bust 胸围
chest(1 ”BLW armhole) 胸阔（夹下1 ”度）chic 时髦的，流行的chiffon 雪纺
China collar(mandarin collar) 中式领，立领chlorine bleach color fastness 氯漂白色牢度circular knit 圆筒针织布
cire satin 蜡光缎
claimond veins 珠粒绒
classic look 经典款式
clean finish 还口
clean finish of top vent 面叉还口
clean finish with 1/4" single needle 1/4" 单针还口
close fitting 贴身
close side seam 埋侧骨
coarse end 粗经
coarse picks 粗纬
coating 外套大衣
coating (PVC、PU、PA)涂层
coat printing 涂料印花
coin pocket 士传
表袋
collar 领子
collar band 下级领
collar circular 领围
collar fall 上级领
collar height 上级领高
collar notch 领扼位
collar point 领尖
collar stand 下级领
collar stay 领插竹
collection 系列
color bleeding 渗色
color difference 色花
color diviation 色花
color fading/discolor 褪色
color fastness 色牢度
color fixing 固色
color shading 色差
color stripe 色柳
color-stripes single jersey 彩条汗布
combed 精梳
constructed specification 结构细节
corduroy 灯心绒
cotton 棉
cotton string 棉绳
cost sheet 成本单
costume tweed 粗花呢
covering stitch 拉覆线步
covering stitching 拉覆线步（600 类）crease line 裤中骨
crease line 折线
crease mark 折痕
crease & wrinkly resistant finish 防皱处理
creasing machine 折幅机
crinkle / creped 起皱
cross crotch 十字缝、十字骨cross cut 横纹裁
crotch 浪顶
crotch point 浪顶点
CTN. NO. 箱号
cuff 鸡英，介英
cuff attaching to sleeve 车鸡英到袖子上
cuff height 介英高
cuff less bottom 平脚
cuff opening 袖口宽
cuff vent/cuff opening 袖侧
cuffed bottom hem 反脚，假反脚，脚级curved pocket 弯袋
customer inspection 客检
cut 切割
cut & sewn 切驳
cutting piece 裁片
cutting piece numbering 给裁片编号
服装英语词汇D
damage caused by needle dart decorative stitching defect/fault denier denim density design sketch designed feature desizing desizing machine dimension dimensional stability dinner jacket direct dyes dirt stains after washing dirty spot discharge printing disperse dyes D.K. jacquard dobby double cuff double end double-faced woolen goods double folded on board double folded on rolls double jetted pocket double -layer double needle fell seam double needle lockstitch machine double pick doubling down pile making down proof drawstring draw textured yarn
（DTY ）draw twist （DT ）
dress coat dressing room drilling
dry-cleaned duck dyeing dying
针孔
（死）褶装饰间线疵点旦尼尔牛仔密度设计图设计特征退浆脱浆精练机尺寸、尺码尺寸稳定性晚礼服直接染料洗水后有污迹污点拔染印花分散染料双面提花（针织）织花布双层鸡英双经羊毛双面呢双幅折板双幅卷杆双唇袋双层双针埋夹双针平车双纬并线倒毛防羽绒腰带拉伸变形丝牵伸加捻丝礼服试衣间钻孔位干洗帆布染色染色服装英语词汇E
easing容位
edge-finishing edge stitch edge-stitch dart edge stitching edge-stitching W/ 1/16" edge trimmer elastic elastic waist (extended) elastic waistband elastic waistband is extension of body elbow width embossed/logotype embossing flocking embossing jeans flocking embroidery embroidery patch empty stripe epaulet evening gown set excellent style excessive thread ends executive wear export packing extension of waistband eyelet
fabric fabrication/fabric fabric construction fabric defects fabric runs fabric shading fabric swatch fabric width facing facing to out-side faille false fly false placket fashion 6 feed pique fell seam figure-clinging filament filling bar final appearance
边脚处理边线边线褶间边线、边线宽1/16" 的边线修边器橡筋橡根腰围（拉开）橡筋裤头原身出橡筋裤头肘宽轧花雕印植绒牛仔植绒雕印绣花/ 车花绣花章空齿纺肩章晚睡袍漂亮的款式多余的线头行政装出口包装裤头搭咀凤眼服装英语词汇 F 面料布料布料布
料结构布疵走纱布料色差布办布封贴折向侧骨花瑶暗钮牌假明筒，假反筒时装6 模珠地埋夹紧身的，贴身胸围
长丝，长纤丝横档最终外观
final inspection 尾期检查
finished appearance 完成后的外观
fitting 试身
five threads over lock machine 5 线及骨车
flameproof fabric 防火布
flam retardant 阻燃
flannel 法兰绒
flare skirt 喇叭裙
flat machine 平车
flat seam 平缝
flax 亚麻
fleece 鱼网布
fleece in one side 蚂蚁布
flocking(flower) 印花植绒
fold back facing 原身出贴
fold back hidden placket 原身双层钮筒
folder 拉筒蝴蝶
fold front edge 折前幅边
fold line 折线
fold pants 折裤子
fold pocket mouth 折反袋口
form and fold garment 定型折衫
frocks 礼服
front edge 前幅边
front fly 前门襟，前筒
front length(fm hps) 前衫长（肩高点度）front mid-armhole 前胸宽
front neck drop 前领深
front opening 前开口
front panel 前幅
front rise(below W/B) 前浪腰下起度
fuchsia 紫红色
full dull micro polyester pongee 哑富迪
full dull nylon oxford 全消光牛津布
full dull nylon taffeta 全消光尼丝纺
full dull nylon taslan 全消光塔丝隆
full dull polyester peach 全消光涤纶桃皮绒
full dull polyester pongee 全消光春亚纺
full dull poly textured oxford 全消光涤纶低弹牛津布full drawn yarn (FDY )全拉伸丝
fullness 宽松位
fully fashion sweater 全成型毛衫
fully opening 全开口
fur 皮草
fur garment 裘皮服装
furry 毛皮制品
fuse interlining fusible interlining fusing interlining fuzz balls
gabardine garment garment dye garment finish garment sewing technology garment wash gathering georgette ginning velvet girl 's style fly / right glaced finish goat/foreing yarn gold print grading grain gray cloth green grey grommet grown-on sleeve
half opening handbag hand
feel(handle) handling handling time hanger heat setting heavy fabric hem hem cuff hemmer hemming hemming with folder hemp herringbone twill hexagonal pocket hidden bartack hidden placket high hip ( 4 ”below waist )
粘衬粘朴粘朴起球服装英语词汇G
斜纹呢成衣成衣染色成衣后处理成衣工艺成衣洗水，普洗碎褶乔其轧花天鹅绒女装钮牌，右钮牌压光加工异型丝烫金放码布纹胚布绿色灰色凤眼原身出袖服装英语词汇H 半开口
手感执手执手时间衣架热定
型厚重面料衫脚，下摆反脚
卷边靴卷边，还口用拉筒卷边
大麻人字斜纹布六角袋隐形
枣双层钮筒上坐围（腰下4 ”
三点度）
high-waisted skirt hip hip pocket hole hood height horizontal plaid
imitated silk fabric incorrect linking indigo chambray initial sample inner extension in-process inspection in-seam inseam(below crotch) inspection interlacing interlining interlining for facing interlock interlock stitch inverted pleat ironing iron overall body
iron-shine iron spot ivory/ecru/off white/cream
jacquard jean jeans jeans flocking jersey jet overflow dyeing/bleed dyeing JIG dyeing join crotch
“ J ” shaped pocket
jute
高腰裙
坐围后袋破洞帽高水平格服装英语词汇I 仿真丝错误的连接靛蓝青年
布原版，初版搭咀内层中期检查内骨内骨长（浪下起度）检查交织衬，朴贴粘衬双面布（针织）及骨线内工字褶熨烫熨烫衫身烫起镜烫痕奶白
服装英语词汇J
提花牛仔布牛
仔裤牛仔皮植绒
平纹单面针织布
溢流染色卷染
埋小浪J 形袋
黄麻
服装英语词汇K
卡其
膝围
针织
针织罗纹领
khaki knee knit knitted rib collar
knitting cloth flocking knots knowledge of material koshibo
lab dips label /hang tag lace lacoste lamp inspection lapel laundry layout leather leather imitation flocking left cover right leggings leisure style leisure wear light color
fastness light curved pocket lilac linen linen/cotton blended fabric linen/cotton mixed fabric ling lining linking & cup seaming lock stitch looped fabric looping loose button loose packing loosed thread causing grinning low hip(8 ”below waist) lustrine lustrous lycra woolen goods
macbeth color-eye computer color-matching system
machine maintenance magic tape major defect man-made fibre mark buttonhole & button position
针织布植绒
结头 材料学 高士宝
服装
英语词汇 L 打样 吊牌 花边 双珠地
经向检验 襟贴 干洗 排唛，排料 皮革 皮革沟底植绒 左搭右 开裆裤 休闲款式 休闲服 光照色牢度 微弯袋 雪青 亚麻 麻棉混纺布 麻棉交织布 执扎 里布 里料 缝盆 平车线步、锁边线 毛圈布 起耳仔（疵点） 钮扣松散 散装 线太松导致起珠 下坐围（腰下 8”三点度） 绡 光泽 弹力呢
服装
英语词汇 M
麦克贝思电脑配色系统 机械保养 魔术贴 大疵
人造纤维 标出钮门与钮扣的位置
marker 唛架
marking mid-point of neck 定领围中位
mark pocket position with template 用纸板点袋位
match color 配色
material 物料measurement 尺寸
melange velvet 雪花天鹅绒
melton 领底绒[ 纺] 麦尔登呢mercerized 丝光
micro -abric 超细纤维
micro fiber 超细麦克布
micro suede 仿麂皮
micro suede with spandex 弹力仿麂皮
mildew resistant finish 防霉处理
missed stitch 漏针
missing parts 漏裁片
moire effects 松板印[ 纺] 波纹丝绸moth resistant finish 防虫处理
muscle 臂围
服装英语词汇N
N/taslon rip stop 塔丝绒格子
nail-button 钉脚钮扣
natural fibre 天然纤维
navy/blue 藏青
neck across/neck width 领宽
neck drop 领深
neck seam 颈圈
neutral packing 中性包装
non-fusible interlining 非粘朴
non-woven fabric 非织布/ 无纺布
notch 扼位
nylon-cotton fabric (plain )锦棉稠（平纹）
nylon-cotton fabric 人字锦棉纺
nylon-cotton-cotton fabric(double weft) 重平锦棉稠
nylon-cotton fabric (twill) 斜纹锦棉纺
nylon/polyamide 锦纶
nylon/polyester inter-woven peach 涤锦交织桃皮绒
nylon rip-stop 尼龙格
nylon seersucker taffeta 尼龙塔夫泡泡纱
nylon taffeta (nylon shioze) 尼丝纺
nylon taslon 塔丝绒
服装英语词汇O
off pressing 终烫
oil stain 油污
olive 豆绿
one layer yoke 一片担干
one piece double folded belt-loop 一片双折裤耳
one-piece dress 连衣裙
open seam 开骨
organdy 玻璃纱
orange 橘黄
out-seam 外骨
out seam(below W/B) 外骨长（腰下起度）out - seam PKT. 侧骨袋
overall 工作服
overalls 吊带裤
over coating 顺毛呢
overlap 重叠，搭位overlapping a few stitching 驳线
over locked 锁边，及骨
over lock & blind-stitch 折挑
over locked with 5 threads 五线及骨
over lock W/ 5 threads 五线锁边
oxford 牛津布
oyster/peach 玉色
服装英语词汇P pad dyeing 轧染
panel knitting 针织裁片
paper stencil 纸版印花
paper tapes 腰封
pastel 颜料
patch pocket 贴袋
pattern 纸样
P/C 涤棉
peach moss 绉绒
peach pocket 杏形袋
peach skin 水洗绒/ 桃皮绒peach twill 卡丹绒
pellet fleece velvet 粒粒绒布perspiration color fastness 汗渍色牢度
pieced on placket 面车明筒
pieced placket 一片钮筒
pile fabric 毛圈布
pilling resistance 抗起毛起球性
pink 粉红
piper 镶边蝴蝶
piping 嵌边、捆条
pique 单珠地
placket 明筒
plaid matching 对格
100%polyester micro suede bounding with polar fleece polyester peach skin polyester pongee polyester pongee rip-stop polyester taffeta polyester taffeta rip-stop pongee position collar post-wash hand feel preminarym finishe （ PFP ， PFD ） preprinted yarn （ POY ） preshrinking pressing pressing work in progress press open press & opening seam print fabric printing puckering PVC flocking
服装英语词汇 Q
plaids/checks plain flocking plain weave plate scream printing pleats pleat with single needle pocket-bag pocket bag caught in bartack pocket creasing machine pocket cover pocket facing pocket flap pocketing pocket mouth pocket opening point shape belt-loop poly bag poly/nylon peach polyester 100%polyester bounding with knitting micro suede fabric
polyester honey taslan 100%polyester micro suede bounding with lamb fur
格仔布 素面植绒 平纹梭织 平网印花 活褶 单针车褶
（裁好的）袋布 袋布被枣打到（疵点） 烫袋机
袋卡 袋贴 （成卷的）袋布 袋口 袋口 三尖裤耳 塑料袋 胶袋 涤锦复合桃皮绒 涤纶
仿麂皮针织复合布 涤纶蜂巢塔丝隆 仿麂皮羊羔绒复合布
仿麂皮瑶粒绒复合布 桃皮绒 春亚纺 春亚纺格子 涤塔夫 涤纶格子 春亚纺 定领位 洗水后手感 染色前整理 预取向丝 预缩 熨烫 烫半成品 烫开骨 烫开骨 印花布 印花 沿缝线的皱褶、起皱
PVC 植绒
quality standard ( oeko-texstandard 100
ISO9002 、SGS 、ITS 、AATCC 、M&S)
quilting
打缆，间棉服装英语词汇R
raglan sleeve
rapid-doser labortex -aboratory
牛角袖电脑配液系统
dosing system verivide
raw edge rayon rayon cloth flocking
reactive dyes ready-to-wear red
regenerated fibre resin finish reverse
side re-washing rib ribbing rib fleece
velvet rib tape right end right side of
under-cuff rined rivet roll length roll with
sewing / roll with join rolled on tubes in
open width rolling/winding rough yarn
round cornered cuff round cornered
extension round cornered pocket rotary
scream printing rubbing / cricking color
fastness rug ruler shaped pocket run off
stitching run stitch run-stitching
散口人棉人棉布植绒活性染料成衣大红再生纤维树脂处理反
面返洗罗纹罗纹抽条磨毛天鹅绒扁带条急经下层鸡英的正面脱
水撞钉匹长拼匹单幅卷杆卷杆粗纱圆角介英圆形裤头搭咀圆角
袋圆网印花摩擦色牢度地毯曲尺袋落坑线运线运线服装英
语词汇S
safari-jacket satin / charmeuse satin / sateen 猎装
< 法> 查米尤绉缎（一种软而平滑的丝织物）, 软缎色丁
scratch/abrasion /winch mark
seam
seam allowance seam broken seam construction seam pucker seam slippage seam slippage seam twist selvedge / self-edge semi-dull nylon taffeta serge / over lock set in shoulder pad set in sleeve set-stretching / stander frame sew buttonhole / buttonholing sew together bodice and its lining sew welt pocket sewing cuff sewing machine attachments sewing sequence sewing waistband with waistband M/C sewn self fabric waistband shade variation shell fabric shiny shipping carton shipping date shipping mark shipping marks shipping sample shorts shoulder shoulder forward shoulder point shrinkage shrink-proof shrink-resistant side mark side panel side seam silhouette silk silver single jetted pocket single needle lockstitch machine 擦伤缝骨止口，子口，缝头缝骨爆裂缝型结构缝骨起皱散口接缝滑裂缝骨扭布边半消光尼丝纺及骨，锁边上肩垫上袖，绱袖定型机开钮门缝合衫身与里布，拼里车唇袋车鸡英车缝附件车缝工序（用拉裤头车）拉裤头原身出裤头色花面料
（烫）起镜出口箱落货期
唛头箱唛船样短裤膊阔，肩宽肩骨走前肩点缩水防缩防缩处理侧唛侧幅，小身侧骨轮廓真丝涂银单唇袋单针平车
single needle lockstitch M/C size assortment size specification / size SPEC. sizing
S.K. jacquard skewing/slope skipped stitches sky blue slacks slant cornered cuff slant pocket slashing pocket mouth sleeve sleeve length sleeve opening sleeve turn back slim waist line slit slit height snip notch solid color solid color & solid size solid fleece solid terry solid velvet sorting spandex/elastic/strec / lycra special machine splotches spreading spun spun yarn squared shaped pocket stain/dirt stay tape steam pressing stand stiffening stitch stitch down with PKT-bag stitch overlapping stitch per inch / S.P.I. stitch type stitching & turning collar out stone washed straight bottom straight cut 单针平车尺码分配尺码表上浆单面提花（针织）纬斜跳线天蓝松身裤斜角介英斜插袋开袋口衣袖袖长袖口袖还口修腰线叉（无搭位/ 重叠位）叉高
剪扼位单色单色单码素色卫衣布素色毛巾布素色天鹅绒分床分码弹力布氨纶特殊机器，特种车污迹拉布短纤纺纱方角袋污迹
胸衬条蒸汽烫台硬挺线步、针步车线连袋布驳线每英寸针数针步类型车线后反领砂洗直筒裤脚直筒裤
straight cut straight pocket stripe striped (fabric) stripe matching stuffing style suiting sulphur dyes sweep swimsuit
tab table inspection taffeta taffeta tape taper bottom taping taslan rip-stop taslon T/C solid check fabric tear strength tensile strength terry cloth textured yarn thigh thigh tipping thread clips thread per
inch/stitch density three pointed catching facing three pointed cuff three pointed extension three pointed PKT. with two curved sides three points pocket three threads over lock machine to be
advise(TBA) top collar tops top sleeve top stitch top-stitching top-stitching with double needle top vent top vent of sleeve
直纹裁经柳条子条子布对条填充物款式套装硫化染料下摆，裤脚阔泳装服装英语词汇T 袢扣台板检验塔夫绸平纹带条萝卜裤脚镶边塔丝隆格塔丝纶T/C 色织格子布撕破强度拉伸强度毛巾布光亮纱线裤比围也称腿围脾围镶边，唧边纱剪（剪线用）织物密度三尖钮子三尖介英三尖裤头搭咀两边微弯三尖袋
3 线及骨车待
复面领上装
大袖面线间
面线、间线双
针间面线叉的
面层大侧
外文文献原文+译文 原文 The study on the design of neuter clothing H ous e W Abstract Social and economic development, social thought, opening up and the progress of science and technology, men and women style presented the diversified pattern of neuter the fuzzy gender differences in style, from the beginning of non-mainstream des ign till n ow has develop ed i nt o on e of the mains t ream fas hi on d es ign style. Fashion brands have launched in recent years, the neutral flavor of fashion, neuter clothing market share of more and more, neutral fashion, with its broad group of sex leads the urban street fashion. Neutralization of free and open way of life style, gave people a comfortable and enjoyable. K ey words: Neut e r; Cl ot hing; Gender roles; Design 1 Introduction The beginning of the 20th century the rise of the feminist movement, make the neutral clothing as a kind of style into the line of sight of people. In the 90 s, the neutral clothing has used by each big brand clothing as one of the fashionable e lement s, s uc h a s dust coa t w i th a ne ut ral style, s ui ts, t-shirt s and j e ans have bec om e people like everyday clothes. Neuter clothing style is a simple, pure; reject all multifarious mincing, personalized style. As a special kind of clothing style, neuter clothing fashion has been intensified in the social life, so it is necessary for us to study the clothing neutralization phenomenon, to study its causes and the development of sociology. This article mainly from the sociological association as well as the relationship between men and women clothing and gender status in the society, which is based on analyzing the change of the study the social basis of the neutral clothing appear; Again from the social system, economic development, cultural trend and fashion designers to the influence of the neutral clothing style, etc., it is concluded that the neuter clothing phenomenon is the development of social consciousness, the sexual role transformation, the new clothing design trends are affecting the results.
编号： 毕业设计(论文)外文翻译 （译文） 院（系）：桂林电子科技大学职业技术学院 专业：工商企业管理 学生姓名：方智立 学号：010********* 指导教师单位：桂林电子科技大学职业技术学院 姓名：朱芸芸 职称：讲师 2016年 4 月 1 日
体育市场的营销策略分析 摘要 体育市场是一个特殊的行业市场，是体育有形产品和体育服务产品的交换市场。体育市场包括固定型市场，如体育场馆设施、体育用品市场等；流动型市场，如各种健身俱乐部提供的体育服务、体育旅游和体育广告经营等。体育商品要被消费者接受，能够占领更大的市场，就必须进行市场营销。体育市场营销成功与否，涉及多方面的因素。其中根据体育市场营销具体特点，制定和实施适宜的营销战略至关重要。体育市场营销战略，是对体育经营单位在一定时期或阶段内市场营销活动总体发展规划所作的决策。本文认为，营销战略可以进一步细分为市场定位战略、市场定时战略、市场进入战略、市场发展战略、市场竞争战略等；选择某一战略，必须符合企业自身的竞争地位、产品状况，把握入市时机，根据消费者的需求来确定。本文将体育市场营销战略细分为市场定位战略、市场定时战略、市场进入战略、市场发展战略、市场竞争战略，并探讨了体育市场营销如何进行战略选择。 关键词：体育市场；体育市场营销；营销战略
1.体育市场营销战略及其特点 1.1体育市场营销战略 战略是指对事物全局性、深远性的谋划。体育市场营销战略是指体育商品经营单位在现代市场营销观念的指导下，为实现其经济目标，对于企业在一定时期内市场营销发展的总体设计和规划。在市场竞争日益激烈的情况下，体育经营单位为了有效地开展经营活动，实现其经营目标，必须了解和根据市场营销的观念及战略特点．针对目标市场的需求，全面分析和考虑市场营销的各种环境因素，选择有效的市场背景策略。 1.2体育市场营销战略的特点 体育市场营销战略，是对体育经营单位在一定时期或阶段内市场营销活动总体发展规划所作的决策。它具有以下几方面的特点。 （1)全局性。体育市场营销战略事关体育经营单位的全局，这种全局性包括两方面的含义:一是体育市场营销战略是对体育经营单位发展所做的总体设计，包括总体规划和整体的策略与手段;二是体育市场营销战略的决策事关体育经营单位全局及其未来的全面发展。 (2)长期性。体育市场营销战略事关体育经营单位的未来：体育市场营销战略目标的实现，将使体育经营单位产生质的飞跃，但通常这不是短期内可以做得到的。重要的是，体育经营单位的营销战略不仅在战略时期内对企业的生存与发展关系重大，而且对企业的长远发展也起着重要的作用。 (3)系统性。体育市场营销的系统性是指体育经营单位各环节、各部分的工作是一个彼此相互联系、密切相关的有机统一整体。系统有层次、大小和主次之分，下一级要服从和服务于上一级。对某一个体育经营单位来说，应该把整个企业的战略作为一个整体系统工程来统筹安排，追求整体发展的最大效益。 (4)适应性。体育市场营销的适应性，是指体育经营单位的市场营销易受到外部和内部环境的影响，当环境发生变化，体育经营单位所做出的与新环境相适应的快速反应的特性。体育市场营销的外部环境包括市场需求、政治或经济形式变化、政策与法令变更等。同样，体育经营单位内部条件的变化也会对市场营销产生影响。 (5)风险性。由于体育市场营销战略是对体育经营单位某一时期内市场营销活动发展现划所做出的预计性的决策，而这种决策是不可能在各种条件完全成熟和信息绝对充分的情况做出，加之，体育市场特别是体育无形产品市场的多变性和复杂性，使得体育市场营销战略具有不可确定性和瞬时性的特点，许多市场机会往往是一瞬即逝，失不再来，机会和风险并存。 2.体育市场营销战略构成及其的选择
服装尺寸表（中英文对照）服装尺寸表（中英文对照） 一些不是很常用的词汇 HEM EDGE 拖曳部分（具体视衣服的设计图-在底部下摆边缘FRONT YOKE HEIGHT FROM HPS 前约克长-从肩顶量起 ACROSS BACK-PLACEMENT FRM HPS 后胸宽-在肩膀处量 ACROSS FRONT-PLACEMENT FRM HPS 前胸宽-在肩膀处量 COLLAR LENGTH AT NECK SEAM 领高-后颈缝量 FRONT POCKET WIDTH-AT TOP EDGE 前口袋宽-在最顶部 FRONT POCKET OPENING ALONG THE EDGE 前口袋边缘的开口 FRONT POCKET FROM HPS TO POCKET EDGE 前口袋从衣肩顶点到口袋边 FRONT POCKET FRM CTR FRT 前口袋拉链xx
FRONT POCKET HEIGHT @ OUTER SIDE 前口袋外侧高 COVER PLACKET WIDTH 口袋盖片宽 ARMHOLE DROP-FRM HPS 袖长-从肩顶量起 LENGTH-HPS TO HEM xx-肩顶至下摆 Bottoms下装 back rise后直裆长，[粤]后浪长 back yoke height后约克高，[粤]后机头高 fly length（裤）门襟长，[粤]钮牌长 fly width（裤）门襟宽，[粤]钮牌宽 front rise前直裆长，[粤]前浪长 high hipxx臀围，xx坐围 hip，hip width臀围，坐围 inseam length内长 knee膝围 leg opening裤脚围 side seam，outseam length外长，[粤]侧骨长sweep（裙）下摆，[粤]（裙）脚围
文献信息： 文献标题：Evolution of Fashion Design in the Era of High-Tech Culture （高科技文化时代服装设计的演变） 国外作者：Galina Mihaleva，C.Koh 文献出处：《International Scholarly and Scientific Research and Innovation》,2016,10(7):2447-2451 字数统计：英文2079单词，11462字符；中文3549汉字 外文文献： Evolution of Fashion Design in the Era of High-Tech Culture Abstract Fashion, like many other design fields, undergoes numerous evolutions throughout the ages. This paper aims to recognize and evaluate the significance of advance technology in fashion design and examine how it changes the role of modern fashion designers by modifying the creation process. It also touches on how modern culture is involved in such developments and how it affects fashion design in terms of conceptualizing and fabrication. By comparing case studies, existing fashion design examples and crafting method experimentations; we then spot patterns in which to predict the direction of future developments in the field. A breakdown on the elements of technology in fashion design helps us understand the driving force behind such a trend. The results from explorations in the paper have shown that there is an observed pattern of a distinct increase in interest and progress in the field of fashion technology, which leads to the birth of hybrid crafting methods. In conclusion, it is shown that as fashion technology continues to evolve, their role in clothing crafting becomes more prominent and grows far beyond the humble sewing machine. Keywords: Fashion design, functional aesthetics, smart textiles, 3D printing. INTRODUCTION It is common knowledge that the environment we live in greatly influences the
文献出处：A Dehghani. The application of digital printing in fashion design [J]. International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology, 2015, 16(2): 263-271. 原文 The application of digital printing in fashion design A Dehghani Abstract The appearance of digital printing for textiles printing provides a new train of thought, digital printing with the current textile fabric printing a variety of requirements of the market of printing technology, including high quality printing precision, high efficiency of printing on reaction time and the printing of the diverse demand, these advantages directly promoted the digital ink jet printing in the rapid development of textile fabric printing direction. In this paper, the design method of the digital printing design of different style and means of decoration and design method in the fabrics for summary, it is concluded that digital printing design cuttings in fabric printing, clothing apparel printing method and the application of the traditional fabric secondary design and decorative effect. Through the above research, digital printing and garment design and garment style between the relationships between the shapes, thereby further to bring into full play the advantages of
英文翻译： The unique expression in fashion design Abstract: With the social progress and people's aesthetic awareness, clothing design requirements are constantly changing, not only beautiful, comfortable, personalized for different purposes, and more and more people started to pay attention the unique design of the clothing. unique expression of the clothing design has something in common, in common, there are three factors most typical one of the means of the use of the plastic arts; is to follow the basic rules of the plastic arts; the pursuit of art content and beauty of form harmony and unity. The face of increasingly fierce competition in society, from clothing unique starting to play to their strengths, so that the costume design perfected. Key words: aesthetic sense; costume design; uniqueness; expression Introduction With the rich substance of social development, improved quality of life, the pursuit of unique clothing is also more than plus strong, the face of the popularity and unity to the mass production of clothing has become a problem to be solved in order to fashion designers. An important design point, then become a unique expression of the costume design costume design costume design unique refers to the characteristics of the presentation of the representative from the clothing on the whole, it is unique content and form unity. China fashion design unique expression as a complete system of disciplines to study the ancient times to now there, but the uniqueness of expression in fashion design is not perfect, therefore, the uniqueness of this study fashion design to express Modern fashion design is of great significance. 1. The unique overview of clothing In short, The unique nature of the clothing is the clothing unique. In a broad sense refers to the presentation of the representative characteristics from the whole of the clothing works, it is one of the unique form and the objectivity of the unity of the unity of content, costume designer on the subjective aspect of creative and clothing subject matter difficult to find words to express, but it is not difficult to make us feel unique style. The unique nature of the clothing, but also refers to the values, artistic characteristics and inherent character of a nation, an era, a genre or a person's clothing in the content and format of the show out. The unique nature of the appearance of the mind, the pursuit of the realm of fashion design in the final analysis is unique in design and positioning, the unique expression of the costume design also reflects the designer's unique creative thinking and the pursuit of art also reflects the distinctive character.
毕业设计（论文） 外文文献翻译 文献、资料中文题目：美国纺织品和服装产业的贸易 自由化和战略调整模式 文献、资料英文题目：Trade liberalization and patterns of strategic adjustment in the US textiles and clothing industry 文献、资料来源： 文献、资料发表（出版）日期： 院（部）： 专业： 班级： 姓名： 学号： 指导教师： 翻译日期： 2017.02.14
外文文献： Trade liberalization and patterns of strategic adjustment in the US textiles and clothing industry Belay Seyoum U.S.A. International Business Review，Issue 16 ,2007 Belay Seyoum Nova Southeastern University, 3301 College Avenue, Ft. Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA Received 2 December 2005; received in revised form 17 April 2006, 11 October 2006, 23November 2006; accepted13 December 2006. The overall environment facing the US TC industry will be one of rapidly changing market conditions and technological innovation. With the phase out of quotas and growing number of trade agreements, the US TC industry is being exposed to intense competition in export and domestic markets. This is likely to lead domestic industries/labor to demand intervention by national governments to mitigate the adverse impact of trade liberalization (Standbury & Vertinksy, 2004). In spite of the substantial job losses, the US TC industry remains technologically advanced partly due to increased productivity resulting from advances in technology and design capabilities. Textile production is capital intensive and modern technology is essential to meet the increasing for high-quality products. Over the last few years, US textiles and apparel firms have substantially increased their investment to maintain modern manufacturing facilities as well as improve production and marketing capabilities in order to maximize their inherent advantages to market proximity. In apparel, low skill production jobs have moved to low-cost locations offshore while the more skilled one shave been retained. To successfully adapt to the new environment, US TC industries need to capitalize on their sources of competitive advantage. They need to develop a more flexible operational arrangement, meet high standards in product innovation and generally develop a more change-seeking business culture (Kilduff, 2005). An important survival tool for US TC firms is to expand their potential market by offering new product designs and product categories. Manufacturers must try to bring a steady stream of products to market that are in line with the taste, preferences of the consumer. They can also expand their market potential by offering new product categories. Two of the fastest growing apparel segments in the US, for example, have been the women’s plus and men’s big and tall segments (Driscoll, 2004). Plus-size apparel marketing was estimated at $47 billion in 2005 accounting for 20% of total apparel market. It is important to identify the firm’s target customers and assess whether the firm is successfully addressing their needs. US TC firms should target a narrow segment of the market that provides the best opportunity for success. In textiles, the focus should be on a few specialized segments such as carpets, nonwovens and technical textiles. Similarly, apparel producers should increase their focus on core products, reduce vertical integration to shed overhead costs, and establish alliances with other firms to consolidate resources and increase market share. Finally, in view of rising incomes and high growth rates in many developing countries such as China, Brazil, and India, there are potential export market opportunities for US textile and apparel products. US export interests may be served by seeking improved access to the retail distribution systems of developing countries. US textile firms should also be able to use Mexico to export to the European Union and other countries, taking advantage of the Mexico-EU trade agreement. Since the conclusion of NAFTA, a number
Vol. 3 (3), April, 2009 ISSN 1994-9057 (Print) ISSN 2070-0083 (Online) Effect of Seams on Drape of Fabrics (Pp. 62-72) Sukumar Nachiappan- Lecturer, Textile Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Email: sugumaraan@https://www.doczj.com/doc/301079532.html, Gnanavel. P. - Lecturer, KSR College of Technology, Tiruchengode–637 215, TamilNadu, India Ananthakrishnan, T.- Professor and Head, Department of Textile Technology, Government Sri Krishna Rajendra silver jubilee Technical Institute, Bangalore – 560 001, India Abstract Drape of the fabric is its ability to hang freely in graceful folds when some area of it is supported over a surface and the rest is unsupported. Drape is a unique property that allows a fabric to be bent in more than in one direction, When two-dimensional fabric are converted to three-dimensional garment form. In the present study, the effects of sewing of different seam were selected on different fabric and their behaviors were studied. In this study drape of ten fabrics are analyzed with three types of seams and three stitch densities. Sample without seam is a control sample and drape of seamed samples are compared with control sample to analyse the drape behavior of seamed fabrics. This paper presents a fundamental drape analysis of seamed fabrics using drape meter. Drape behavior is determined in terms of drape coefficient. The effect of seams on the drape coefficient and Drape profile has been made. Drape coefficients significantly differs between the fabrics and also between the seam stitch density combinations. Investigating drape on seamed fabrics can improve fabric end use application.
常用服装英语词汇“J” SHAPED POCKET J形袋 24L BUTTON 24号钮 6 FEED PIQUE 6模珠地 ACCESSORY 辅料 BACK ACROSS 后背宽 ACROSS MEASURE 横量 ACRYLIC 腈纶 ADHESIVE / FUSIBLE INTERLINING 粘衬 ANTIQUE BRASS COATING 镀青古铜 ANTISTATIC FINISH 防静电处理 APPAREL 成衣 APPEALING LOOK 吸引人的外表 APPROVAL SAMPLE 批办 APPROVED SAMPLE WITH SIGNING NAME 签名批办ARMHOLE 夹圈 ASSEMBLING OF FRONT & BACK PART 前后幅合并ASSEMBLING SECTION 合并部分 ATTACH COLLAR 上领 ATTACH LABEL 上商标 ATTACHMENT （车缝）附件 BACK COVER FRONT 后搭前 BACK MID-ARMHOLE 后背宽 BACK STITCH 返针，回针 BACKLESS DRESS 露背装 BAR CODED STICKER 条形码贴纸 BARGAINING 讨价还价 BAR-TACK 打枣 BASTE 假缝
BATILK 蜡染 BEARER 袋衬 BEARER & FACING 袋衬袋贴BEDFORD CORD. 坑纹布，经条灯心绒BELL BOTTOM 喇叭裤脚 BELLOWS POCKET 风琴袋 BELT 腰带 BELT-LOOP 裤耳 BIAS CUT 斜纹裁，纵纹裁BIFURCATE 分叉 BINDER 包边蝴蝶，滚边蝴蝶BINDING 包边 BINDING OF SLV. OPENING R折BINDING OF TOP VENT 面叉包边BINDING TAPE 包边 BINDING/BOUND 滚条 BLANKET 毛毯，地毯 BLEACH 漂白 BLEACH SPOT 漂白污渍 BLEEDING 洗水后褪色 BLEND FIBRE 混纺纤维 BLENDS 混纺 BLIND STITCH 挑脚线步 BLOUSE 女装衬衫 BODY PRESSING 衫身熨烫 BODY RISE 直浪 BOTTOM 衫脚，下摆 BOTTOM VENT OF SLEEVE 细侧BOTTOMS 下装 BOX-PLEATED 外工字褶
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理工学院毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译 专业：热能与动力工程 姓名：赵海潮 学号：09L0504133 外文出处：Applied Acoustics, 2010(71):701~707 附件： 1.外文资料翻译译文；2.外文原文。
附件1：外文资料翻译译文 基于一维CFD模型下汽车排气消声器的实验研究与预测Takeshi Yasuda, Chaoqun Wua, Noritoshi Nakagawa, Kazuteru Nagamura 摘要目前，利用实验和数值分析法对商用汽车消声器在宽开口喉部加速状态下的排气噪声进行了研究。在加热工况下发动机转速从1000转/分钟加速到6000转/分钟需要30秒。假定其排气消声器的瞬时声学特性符合一维计算流体力学模型。为了验证模拟仿真的结果，我们在符合日本工业标准（JIS D 1616）的消声室内测量了排气消声器的瞬态声学特性，结果发现在二阶发动机转速频率下仿真结果和实验结果非常吻合。但在发动机高阶转速下（从5000到6000转每分钟的四阶转速，从4200到6000转每分钟的六阶转速这样的高转速范围内），计算结果和实验结果出现了较大差异。根据结果分析，差异的产生是由于在模拟仿真中忽略了流动噪声的影响。为了满足市场需求，研究者在一维计算流体力学模型的基础上提出了一个具有可靠准确度的简化模型，相对标准化模型而言该模型能节省超过90％的执行时间。 关键字消声器排气噪声优化设计瞬态声学性能 1 引言 汽车排气消声器广泛用于减小汽车发动机及汽车其他主要部位产生的噪声。一般而言，消声器的设计应该满足以下两个条件：（1）能够衰减高频噪声，这是消声器的最基本要求。排气消声器应该有特定的消声频率范围，尤其是低频率范围，因为我们都知道大部分的噪声被限制在发动机的转动频率和它的前几阶范围内。（2）最小背压，背压代表施加在发动机排气消声器上额外的静压力。最小背压应该保持在最低限度内，因为大的背压会降低容积效率和提高耗油量。对消声器而言，这两个重要的设计要求往往是互相冲突的。对于给定的消声器，利用实验的方法，根据距离尾管500毫米且与尾管轴向成45°处声压等级相近的排气噪声来评估其噪声衰减性能，利用压力传感器可以很容易地检测背压。 近几十年来，在预测排气噪声方面广泛应用的方法有：传递矩阵法、有限元法、边界元法和计算流体力学法。其中最常用的方法是传递矩阵法（也叫四端网络法）。该方