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第五章++完形填空和翻译第一次作业答案

第五章++完形填空和翻译第一次作业答案
第五章++完形填空和翻译第一次作业答案

完形填空和翻译第一次作业答案

2.考点解读

大学英语四级考试完形填空所测试的内容大致分为四类:

1)词汇辨析

词汇辨析是完形填空中最主要的考点。如果从测试的重点来划分,还可进一步分为词义辨析,语义辨析,和介词辨析等。词义辨析题的选项通常以同义词, 近义词, 反义词和形近词的形式出现。

例1:Children in low-income families and poor communities are less likely to take organized youth sports for granted because they often lack the resources needed to pay for participation ___, equipment, and transportation to practices and games and their communities do not have resources to build and maintian sports fields and facilities. (08.12)

A) bill B) accounts C) fees D) fare

【答案】C

【解析】该题属于义近词辨析。Bill意为“账单”;account意为“账户”;fee意为“费用”, fare 主要指“门票﹑车票”。根据题意,这里应该指参加的费用。

2)固定搭配

该考点主要考查学生的英语词组、短语、习惯用法等英语搭配知识。

例2:Sleep Smart records the distinct pattern of brain waves produced during each phase of sleep, via a headband equipped _____electrodes(电极) and a microprocessor.(06.6)

A) by B) of C) with D) over

【答案】C

【解析】本题考查固定搭配equip sb./sth. with sth., 意为“配备、装配”。

3)语法结构

从目前的完形填空题来看,语法题的比重呈下降趋势,但它仍是一个重要的考点。常考的语法点有:情态动词﹑关系代词或副词﹑比较句﹑定语从句﹑虚拟语气﹑时态﹑一致等。

例3:For starters, cabin pressures at high altitudes are set at roughly they would be if you lived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level. (05.12)

A) who B)what C) which D) that

【答案】B

【解析】此题考查语法。What在此处引导名词性从句“what they would be”,该名词性从句一起充当介词at的宾语。

4) 逻辑衔接

该考点主要包括过渡词、连接手段、指代关系、肯定、否定等。文章的逻辑关系大致有列举、原因、结果、让步、对照、递进、补充、目的、条件等。

例4:But human language permits communication about anything, things like unicorn(独角兽) that have never existed. (06.12)

A) only B) almost C) even D) just

【答案】C

【解析】根据上下文,空格处需要填入一个表示递进关系的连词,故选C。

3.解题技巧及步骤

3.1 解题技巧

1)利用排除法排除明显干扰项

在解题过程中,如果不能很有把握地直接选出某一道题的答案,可以先利用排除法将各

选项代入空白处,排除明显不符合题意的选项,从而缩小选择的范围。具体来讲,可以利用如下线索:

(1) 判断所填词在句中充当什么成份,是什么词性,从而排除干扰选项。

(2) 利用上下文的时态、语态和语气排除不符合要求的干扰选项。

(3) 利用名词的数来判断各选项是否符合句子要求。

(4) 寻找与空白处构成搭配的词语,从而排除不能与其搭配的选项。

(5) 将各选项填入空白处将句子译成汉语,排除明显不能使句子通顺的选项。

2)寻找固定搭配,理清并识别句子结构

解题过程中应充分发挥平时积累的语言基础知识,判断上下文中是否存在结构搭配和惯用搭配等。

例1:Similarly, consumers operating under a given mood state tend to react to stimuli (刺激因素) in a direction ______ with that mood state. (07.12)

A)resistant B)persistent C)insistent D)consistent

【答案】D

【解析】此题的解题关键在于空格后的with一词。在四个选项中只有consistent可与介词with搭配,意为“与……一致”。

例2:Nothing defines humans so much as our ability to communicate abstract thoughts, _______ about the universe, the mind, love, dreams, or ordering a drink. (06.12)

A) what B)whether C) while D) if

【答案】B

【解析】由空格前后句子的结构可知,该题考查whether…or…固定搭配,意思是“无论是……还是……”。

3)利用上下文逻辑关系

完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章,各段各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系。答题时, 考生首先要树立起语篇概念,抓住文章主题思想,理清其结构布局, 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系,利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。例如:

例3: Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by means of cries: for example, many birds utter warning calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. (2002.12 )

A) identical B) similar C) different D unfamiliar

【答案】C

【解析】由于句子之间语义上的相关性,有时完形填空题题干中的一部分内容是对选项词的解释,或者选项的释义通过such as, for example, that is, and 等词体现出来。在该题中,由such as 后列举的例子可知该句是指猴子所发出的不同声音。

例4: Most of them are not serious; fainting and dizziness are the most frequent complaints. 13% of them –roughly four a day – are serious enough to require a pilot to change course. (05.12)

A) For B) On C) But D) So

【答案】C

【解析】空格前讲的是不太严重的症状,空格后的下文讲的却是少数严重症状导致的结果,上下文之间形成一种转折对比的关系,故选C。

4)利用词的复现或共现确定正确选择项

共现即某一组词总会出现在同一个语义场中。由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇,围绕一个话题论述,在行文中词语的重复、替代、复现和同现现象是不可避免的,因此,解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索,从而确定选项。

例5:His machine, Cyclops, has a camera that scans any page, interprets the print into sounds, and then delivers them orally in a robot-like ____ through a speaker. (05. 6)

A) behavior B) expression C) movement D) voice

【答案】D

【解析】空格前的sounds(声音)和orally (口头地) 以及空格后的speaker(扬声器)与所填词构成语义场共现,由此可推知答案为voice(说话声)。

Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels. They also carry out research work aimed 67 extending man's knowledge of these subjects. The emphasis given to each of these functions 68 from university to university, according to the views of the people in 69 and according to the resources available. The smaller and newer universities do not 70 the staff or equipment to carry out the 71 research projects possible in larger institutions. 72 most experts agree that some research activity is 73 to keep the staff and their students in 74 with the latest developments in their subjects.

Most students attend a university mainly to 75 the knowledge needed for their chosen 76 . Educationists believe that this aim should not be the 77 one. Universities have always aimed to produce men and women 78 judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge. For this reason, they 79 students to meet others with differing 80 and to read widely to 81 their understanding in many fields of study. 82 a secondary school course, a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own 83 . He should be prepared to 84 sacrifices to study his chosen 85 in depth. He should have an ambition to make some 86 contribution to man's knowledge.

67.A) at B) by C) to D) in

68.A) turns B) ranges C) moves D) varies

69.A) prospect B) place C) control D) favor

70.A) occupy B) possess C) involve D) spare

71.A) maximum B) medium C) virtual D) vast

72.A) But B) As C) While D) For

73.A) natural B) essential C) functional D) optional

74.A) coordination B) accordance C) touch D) grasp

75.A) acquire B) accept C) endure D) ensure

76.A) procession B) profession C) possession D) preference

77.A) typical B) true C) mere D) only

78.A) with B) under C) on D) through

79.A) prompt B) provoke C) encourage D) anticipate

80.A) histories B) expressions C) interests D) curiosities

81.A) broaden B) lengthen C) enforce D) specify

82.A) Amid B) Over C) After D) Upon

83.A) object B) effect C) course D) sake

84.A) take B) suffer C) make D) pay

85.A) field B) target C) scope D) goal

86.A) radical B) meaningful C) truthful D) initial

第一步,通读全文,理解大意。

通过初步快速浏览带有20个空格的不完整文章片段,我们可以基本了解到该篇文章的讨论主题为“大学教育”,首先树立信心,文章内容是与我们学习生活息息相关的一篇论述性说明文。

第二步,浏览选项,心中有数。

第三步,先易后难,增加信心。

在第二步重新浏览全文和选项的同时,在没有任何提示的情况下,本着先易后难的原则先将该过程中比较有把握的、一次性可以敲定的空白选项处理掉。本文中依据历年考生所表现的能力来看,题目67,68,70,73,74,75,76,77,78, 81较为容易,将这些空格填好后文章就变为:

Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels. They also carry out research work aimed at extending man's knowledge of these subjects. The emphasis given to each of these functions varies from university to university, according to the views of the people in 69 and according to the resources available. The smaller and newer

universities do not possess the staff or equipment to carry out the 71 research projects possible in larger institutions. 72 most experts agree that some research activity is essential to keep the staff and their students in touch with the latest developments in their subjects.

Most students attend a university mainly to acquire the knowledge needed for their chosen profession . Educationists believe that this aim should not be the only one. Universities have always aimed to produce men and women with judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge. For this reason, they 79 students to meet others with differing 80 and to read widely to broaden their understanding in many fields of study. 82 a secondary school course, a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own 83 . He should be prepared to 84 sacrifices to study his chosen 85 in depth. He should have an ambition to make some 86 contribution to man's knowledge.

至此,文章的脉络更加清晰,为进一步解题奠定了很好的基础。

第四步,解析比较,解决疑难。

此时,我们应借助已补充的信息再次通读全文,力求对全文有较清楚的理解,接着集中精力解决疑难问题。

69. 本题考查词汇辨析。整句含义为“根据……人的观点和可以利用的资源,人们对于不同教育目标的重视程度会依据不同学校而有所不同”。再来比较四个选项prospect意为“前景”, place意为“地点,位置”, control意为“控制”,favor意为“喜好”。根据句意在这里只有in place讲的通,意为“正在接受教育的(人们)”。

71. 本题考查词汇辨析。空格里显然需要一个定语来修饰research projects。比较四个选项,maximum名词,意为“最大值”, medium形容词,意为“中间的,中等的”, virtual形容词,意为“实际上的,实质上的”,vast形容词,意为“大规模的”。根据句意选D最为合适。

72. 本题考查上下文逻辑关系的理解。but表示强烈转折关系;as, for均表示因果关系;while表示轻微对比。前一句讲到“一些新的、规模较小的大学不具备大型院校所拥有的进行大规模研究的工作人员和设备”,后一句强调“而一些专家认为科研项目(的进行)是使得教职员工和学生追踪和把握其学科最新进展的关键”。根据上下文逻辑关系,选C最为合适。

79. 本题考查动词词义辨析。prompt sb. to do sth. 意为“促使或激励(某人)做某事”;provoke sb. to do sth.意为“刺激(某人)使之对某事物做出反应”,encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励(某人)做某事”;anticipate 意为“期望,预料”。根据句意选C最为合适。

80. 本题考查名词词义辨析。history意为“历史”,抽象名词,没有复数形式;expressions 意为“表达”;interests意为“兴趣、爱好”;curiosity意为“好奇”,是不可数名词,没有复数形式。根据句意选C最为合适。

82.本题考查介词词义辨析。Over a secondary school course意为“在整个中学课程学习阶段”。

83. 本题考查固定搭配。for its own sake意为“为了自身起见”。

84. 本题考查动宾固定搭配。suffer the sacrifices意为“遭受……的牺牲”。

85. 本题考查名词词义辨析。field意为“领域”, target意为“目标”,scope意为“范围”,goal 意为“目的, 目标”。根据句意选A最为合适。

86. 本题考查形容词词义辨析。radical意为“激进的”, meaningful意为“有意义的”,truthful 意为“实质性的”,initial意为“最初的”。根据句意选C最为合适。

第五步,复读原文,全面验证。

Passage 1-5

1.第五章完型填空答案及解析

Passage 1

1. 【答案】A

【解析】考查动词固定搭配。短语define… as…意思为“定义……为……”。

2. 【答案】C

【解析】考查动词和介词搭配。短语A is tied to B意思为“A与B有关联”。

3. 【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。derive from意为“起源于”; descend为不及物动词,意为“下降”;

divide意为“划分”; distinguish意为“与……区分开来”。根据句意选D。

4. 【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。relate to意为“与……有关联”,refer to意为“……指的是”,attach to意为“附属于……”,associate with意为“与……有联系”。根据句意选

A。本句的含义是“情绪应该同有意识的、与特定环境有关的情感这一概念区

别开来”。

5. 【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。in one sense意为“从某个角度来说(看)……,从某种程度上来说……”。

6. 【答案】B

【解析】考查固定表达。

7. 【答案】D

【解析】名词词义辨析。signal意为“信号”,gesture意为“手势”,view意为“观点”,behaviour意为“行为”。根据句意选D。

8. 【答案】B

【解析】考查上下文逻辑理解。前后句when our friends are happy and “up” 与when they are “down”显然形成对比的关系,所以这里需要选择一个表转折、对比关系的

连词but。

9. 【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。根据上下文,这里的词汇应该与前文的positive(积极的)构成反义词,适宜的词汇为negative(消极的)。

10. 【答案】A

【解析】形容词词义辨析。四个选项均为过去分词用作形容词修饰名词。given意为“给定的,特定的”,granted意为“理所当然的”,fixed意为“固定的”,driven

意为“由……驱动的”。根据句意选A。

11. 【答案】D

【解析】形容词与介词的搭配使用。四个选项只有consistent可与介词with搭配,意为“与……一致”。

12. 【答案】A

【解析】名词词义辨析。能“对商品进行评判”(evaluate products)的当然就只有消费者了(customers),且下句还有customer’s memory一词作为照应出现。retailers

意为“零售商”,manufacturers意为“制造商”。

13. 【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析。casual意为“休闲的”,critical意为“关键的”,serious意为“严重的”,favorable意为“令人高兴的,肯定的”。根据句意选D。

14. 【答案】C

【解析】考查上下文逻辑理解。A,B和D三个选项均表示转折逻辑关系,而根据上下文可知这里用C表示递进关系最为合适。

15. 【答案】B

【解析】考查动宾搭配。lift意为“提升”,enhance意为“增强”,raise意为“提高”,cultivate 意为“培养、熏陶”。这里选择“增强消费者(对商品)的印象”最合句

意。

16. 【答案】A

【解析】副词词义辨析。really意为“的确”,rarely意为“很少”,cautiously意为“小心地”,currently意为“当前”。根据句意选A。

17. 【答案】D

【解析】名词词义辨析。根据前文能够和“rhythm,pitch”一起修饰音乐的只有“volume”合适。

18. 【答案】B

【解析】修饰名词的量词的选用。

【解析】名词词义辨析。facilities意为“设施、设备”,capacities意为“容量”,reflections 意为“表现、反射”,intentions意为“意图、目的”。根据句意选D。

20. 【答案】A

【解析】固定表达in turn意为“反之、反过来”。

Passage 2

1. 【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析。数字130,000很显然指的是人的数目。灾难往往可以带来人员的伤和亡,75,000是亡的数目,130,000则为伤的情况。人员受伤用单词injure。

2. 【答案】B

【解析】本句的含义是“地震几乎在一夜之间使得75,000人丧命,130,000人受伤和3,500,000人流离失所。”

3. 【答案】D

【解析】词义辨析。among意为“在…..之间”,above意为“在……上方”,amid意为“在……中间”,across意为“横跨,穿越”。根据句意选D。

4. 【答案】C

【解析】词义辨析。ranks意为“排列”,equipment意为“设备”,personnel意为“全体人员”,installations意为“装置,设备”。根据句意选C。本句的含义是“全体

官兵和急救人员日夜奋战…….”。

5. 【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。set in意为“(雨、坏天气、传染等)开始并可能继续下去”,符合句意。set out 和set forth均意为“出发”,set on sb. 意为“攻击某人”。

6. 【答案】C

【解析】词义辨析。falling意为“下降”,emergence意为“出现,浮现”,arrival意为“到来”,appearing意为“出现”。根据句意选C。本句的含义是“随着春天的到

来……”。

7. 【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。strengthen意为“加强”,aid意为“辅助、帮助”,transfer意为“转移、调动”,provide意为“提供”。根据句意选D。provide sth. for sb.“为某

人提供某物”。

8. 【答案】A

【解析】副词词义辨析。根据上下文这里要表达的意思是“曾为150,000个幸存者提供庇护和食物的帐篷将(陆续)被拆除掉,因为人们从来都没有指望它们能被长

久地使用下去。”

9. 【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析。根据上下文,返回使得大多数难民产生了非常复杂(mixed)的心情。puzzled意为“疑惑的”,contrasted意为“对照的”,doubled意为“双

重的”。

10. 【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配as many as。

11. 【答案】C

12. 【答案】A

【解析】名词词义辨析。facilities意为“设备、设施”,instruments意为“仪器、器械”,implements意为“工具、器具”,appliances意为“用具、器具”。根据句意选A。

13. 【答案】B

【解析】动词词组搭配辨析。seek for意为“寻求、寻找”,dream of意为“梦想”,long for意为“渴望”,search for意为“寻找”。根据句意选B。

14. 【答案】C

【解析】名词词义辨析。producing意为“生产”,cultivating意为“培养、教育”,farming 意为“耕作”,nourishing意为“养育”。根据句意选C。

【解析】固定用法nothing but意为“只有”。

16. 【答案】A

【解析】名词词义辨析。electrical lines意为“电路线路”,channels意为“频道、渠道”,paths意为“小路”,currents意为“电流”。根据句意选A。

17. 【答案】C

【解析】动词词组辨析。account意为“叙述、说明”,measure意为“测量”,estimate意为“估计”,evaluate意为“评估”。根据句意选C。

18. 【答案】B

【解析】take away意为“带走”,take up意为“占据、承担”,take out意为“拿出”。19. 【答案】D

【解析】名词词义辨析。reservation意为“保留、预定”,retreat意为“撤退”,replacement 意为“替换、取代”,recovery意为“恢复”。根据句意选D。

20. 【答案】A

【解析】be built from意为“由……材料建成”。

Passage 3

1. 【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配set… apart from…,意为“将……与……分开”。

2. 【答案】B

【解析】上下文逻辑关系考查。根据句意选B。

3. 【答案】D

【解析】词义辨析。transfer意为“传达、转换”,transmit意为“传播、传递”,convey意为“传达”,communicate意为“交流”。根据句意以及后面单词communication

的提示,这里选communicate。

4. 【答案】A

【解析】介词to和communicate搭配表示信息交流的对象。

5. 【答案】C

【解析】上下文逻辑关系推理。even意为“甚至”,表递进关系。

6. 【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配lie in…,意为“存在于……”。

7. 【答案】B

【解析】词义辨析。stick意为“粘”,string意为“串、连”,ring意为“打电话”,consist 常与of连用,表“由……组成”。根据句意选B) strung符合。

8. 【答案】A

【解析】词义辨析。rules意为“规则”,scales意为“规模”,laws意为“法律、法规”,standards意为“标准”。选A符合句意。

9. 【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析。combine意为“使……结合”,contain意为“包含有”,define意为“给……下定义”,declare意为“宣告”。根据句意,这里选define和后面介词

as搭配。

10. 【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。whether…or…意为“无论是……还是……”。

11. 【答案】C

【解析】由文末的a continuous process可知作者将communication看作是a complex process。

12. 【答案】A

【解析】词义辨析。aspects意为“方面”,abstracts意为“摘要”,angles意为“角度”,assumptions意为“假定、设想”。根据句意选A。

13. 【答案】B

【解析】考查one……another……结构,泛指“一个……另一个”。

【解析】有上文speaker对应这里的spoken language。

15. 【答案】D

【解析】building of speech意为“语言的建构”。

16. 【答案】D

【解析】此题考查固定搭配。figure out意为“弄明白、弄清楚”。

17. 【答案】A

【解析】词义辨析。identify意为“识别、鉴别”,locate意为“给……定位,放置”,reveal 意为“揭示、展示”,discover意为“发现”。根据句意选identify。

18. 【答案】B

【解析】名词词义辨析。performance意为“表演”,organization意为“组织、结构”,design 意为“设计”,layout意为“轮廓”。根据句意选organization。

19. 【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。prescribe意为“指示,规定”,justify意为“证明……是公正的”,utter意为“说、发出(声音)”,interpret意为“解释、说明”。根据句意选D。

20. 【答案】C

【解析】考查上下文逻辑含义。once意为“一旦”。

Passage 4

1. 【答案】C

【解析】此题考查词组固定搭配。wait for意为“等待”。

2. 【答案】D

【解析】before意为“在……之前”,till意为“直到…..”。根据句意till更适合。

3. 【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。ensure意为“确保、保证”,主语一般为物;assure意为“向(某人)保证”,主语一般为人;require意为“需要,(强制性)要求”;request意为

“(口头或书面的)要求,(尤指)请求”。

4. 【答案】A

【解析】此题考查介词搭配。pass through意为“经历”。

5. 【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。reveal意为“揭示、显示”,reverse意为“使(某物)反转”,resume 意为“重新开始(某事物)”,repeat意为“重复(发生)”。

6. 【答案】B

【解析】词性、词义辨析。effect为名词,意为“影响”, affect为动词,意为“影响”, reflect 为动词,意为“反射、反应”, perfect为形容词,意为“完美的”。根据句意,这

里需要一个表示“影响”含义的动词,故选B。

7. 【答案】D

【解析】根据上下文逻辑关系推知这里需even表达意思的递进。

8. 【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。mean意为“意味着”,mark意为“做标记、标志着”,dictate意为“口授、读出”。

9. 【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析。remove意为“移动”,relieve意为“减轻或解除(痛苦、忧虑等)”,record意为“记录”,recall意为“回忆起、想起”。根据句意选C。

10. 【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。proceed意为“继续进行”,produce意为“产出、生产”,pronounce 意为“发音”,progress意为“进步、进展”。根据句意选B。produced在这里的

语法功能是过去分词做后置定语修饰brain waves。

11. 【答案】C

【解析】本题考查固定搭配。equip sb./sth. with sth.意为“配备、装配”。

12. 【答案】D

【解析】固定表达,the same … as意为“与……一样”。

13. 【答案】D

【解析】词义辨析。findings意为“结果、发现”,prospects意为“前景、前程”,proposals 意为“提案、建议”,purposes意为“目的、意图”。根据句意选D。

14. 【答案】B

【解析】词义辨析。prompt意为“促使或激励(某人)做某事”,program意为“用程序指令(某物)执行任务”,plug意为“(在传播媒介中)宣传、插插头”,plan

意为“计划、安排”。根据句意选B。

15. 【答案】C

【解析】which引导定语从句修饰the latest time,介词at提到which前。

16. 【答案】A

【解析】then在这里表示一种上下文的时间承接关系。

17. 【答案】C

【解析】concept与文章末尾的idea同义词相呼应。claim意为“声称、索求”。

18. 【答案】B

【解析】上下文逻辑关系考查。

19. 【答案】D

【解析】这里上下文间是因果关系,解释这一创意的生活来源,因此选择As引导原因状语从句。

20. 【答案】A

【解析】what to do结构充当of的宾语。。

Passage 5

1. 【答案】A

【解析】词义辨析。call意为“传呼”,address意为“向某人致辞”,inform意为“通知”,survey意为“调查”。作者作为一名内科医生(physician),有紧急医务事件发

生时应该是被传唤(be called for)过去解决问题。

2. 【答案】C

【解析】词义辨析。accident意为“事故”,condition意为“条件、情况”,incident意为“突发事件”,disaster意为“灾难”。

3. 【答案】D

【解析】此题考查逻辑推理。由下文的“30 in-flight emergencies…everyday”可推知作者是想知道这种突发事件的发生频率有多高。

4. 【答案】A

【解析】词义辨析。confront with意为“面临、遭遇”,treat with意为“(以某种方式)对待”,identify with意为“与……相等”,provide sb. with sth.意为“提供某人某物”。

5. 【答案】B

【解析】此题考查固定搭配。access只跟介词to搭配,意为“获得……的途径”,此处指“不具备医护人员和通常的应急设备”。

6. 【答案】C

【解析】此题考查上下文逻辑推理。由连词so 和上下文的提示可知,此句意为“在周刊上读到有关报道时很感兴趣”。故选when。

7. 【答案】D

【解析】词义辨析。本句主语是《英格兰医学杂志》,宾语是研究报告,只有published 意为“刊登、出版”,符合句意。collected意为“收集”,conducted意为“安排、

实施” ,discovered意为“发现”。

8. 【答案】C

【解析】语法知识:with+抽象名词相当于副词,with interest此处相当于interestedly。

9. 【答案】B

【解析】词义辨析。an amount of后接不可数名词,sum意为“总和”,a number of相当于some,与后面的具体数字相矛盾。此句意为“研究估计在美国飞机上每天

发生突发事件的数量平均为30起”。

10. 【答案】D

【解析】由后面的“头晕,虚弱”等症状看出,这些病不是很严重,正好也与后一句的serious一词形成对照。

11. 【答案】C

【解析】此题考查上下文逻辑推理。上文讲的是不太严重的症状,下文讲的是少数严重的症状导致较严重的后果,上下文间有转折对比的关系,故选C。

12. 【答案】A

【解析】词义辨析。此句意为“有的病症严重到需要飞行员改变航线”。只有A符合句意。

13. 【答案】A

【解析】词义辨析。confine意为“限制、限定”,imply意为“暗示、暗指”,contain意为“包含、包纳”。这句话是要说常见的急症包括有哪些,只有include“包含有……”

符合句意。

14. 【答案】D

【解析】词义辨析。enjoyable意为“令人愉快的”,stimulating意为“刺激的”,tedious 意为“乏味的”,stressful意为“有压力的”。从后文可知内容都是有关能否承受

压力的问题,可推断:乘坐飞机对乘客来说是有压力的。

15. 【答案】B

【解析】此题考查语法。what引导名词性从句,该名词性从句一起做介词at的宾语,故选B。

16. 【答案】C

【解析】词义辨析。harshly意为“残酷地、恶劣地”,reluctantly意为“不情愿地”,easily 意为“容易地”,casually意为“不经意地”。根据常识,连词及下文(心脏病人

会有心脏疼痛)可推断选C。

17. 【答案】B

【解析】情态动词词义辨析。ought to意为“应该”,may意为“可能”,used to意为“过去经常”,need意为“需要”。根据句意选B。

18. 【答案】D

【解析】此题考查逻辑推理。上文讲的是心脏病患者的急症状况,下文讲的是另一种状况:静脉血栓,故用泛指代词Another最为合适。

19. 【答案】A

【解析】此题考查语法。

20. 【答案】C

【解析】词义辨析。所填的词要与at搭配来修饰one attendant这一极端状况,同时结合句意,应选C。此句含义为:飞机上至少要有一名服务人员配备应对心脏病

人的医疗急救箱。

2.汉译英答案及解析

【同步练习1答案】

1. didn’t make any comment on the issue for the time being

2. spoke up for the less privileged in our society

3. he had gone back to time 20 years ago

4. lest he(should)make the same mistake again

5. I had followed your advice

6. wouldn’t have been aware of the danger

7. application forms (should) be sent back as early as possible

8. the prisoner (should) be sentenced to death

9. could have slept longer this morning

10. John would not have failed

【同步练习2答案】

1. did the doctor realize that his patient needed surgery

2. As long as you eat a balanced diet

3. no matter what the weather is like

4. did he know what had happened.

5. where / in which he lived forty years ago

6. Although he is getting old

7. had he tried to use the machine than it stopped working

8. The instant/moment they heard the alarm

9. Just as we sweep our rooms

10.Now that prices are rising so fast

【同步练习3答案】

1. never worrying much about making mistakes

2. Learning a foreign language

3. telling /asking me to do it

4. Weather permitting

5. volunteer to do small tasks for old people

6. book in hand/ with a book in his hand.

7. to coordinate our steps

8. keeping up with the rest of the class.

9.delaying submitting your report

10.wondering about his real purpose

【同步练习4答案】

1. lest you catch cold

2. Now (that) you are grown up

3. It is taken for granted

4. not development but destruction

5.no matter how complicated it is

6.It’s undoubted that/ There is no doubt that

7.the more equipped for life you are

8.Suppose we can’t get the necessary data

9. an explorer rather than a sailor

10. as far as small firms are concerned

2012年高考英语全国卷1完形填空翻译和精析

2012年高考英语全国卷1完形填空翻译和精析2012年高考英语全国卷1完形填空为读者解释了肢体语言的重要性。这个经常被人们忽视却占据了人们表意的50%的强大语言会在不同文化之间交流时,给人们带来极大的帮助。提醒读者,在生活中要善于利用肢体语言,善于发现肢体语言的作用。 Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 36 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 37 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal(非语言)communication takes up about 50% of what we really 38 . And body language is particularly 39 when we attempt to communicate across cultures. Indeed, what is called body language is so 40 a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 41 , different societies treat the 42 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 43 contact(接触)even with friends, and certainly not with 44 . People from Latin American countries 45 touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in 46 , it may look like a Latino is 47 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 48 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 49 - which the Latino will in return regard as 50 . Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 51 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 52 cultures, there's a strong possibility of 53 . But whatever the situation, the best 54 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 55 . 2012年高考英语全国卷1完形填空翻译: 肢体语言是安静的,秘密的,也是所有语言中最强大的。它远远胜过说出的语言。专家指出,我们的身体发出的信息比我们所了解的更多。事实上,非语言交流占据了我们真正意思的50%。当我们试图跨文化交流时,肢体语言尤为重要。确实,所谓的肢体语言是我们如此大的一部分,而事实上它却经常被忽视。误解也就由此而来。例如,不同的社会对待人与人之间的距离就截然不同。北欧人通常不喜欢身体接触,即便是朋友,所以更不可能跟陌生人。另一方面,拉丁美洲的人身体接触却比较多。因此,在谈话中有可能时一个拉丁人跟着一个挪威人在房间里走动。为了表达友好的拉丁人会一直靠近。而挪威人有可能觉得这种行为非常粗鲁,所以他会一直后退,保持距离—拉丁人会认为这是一种冷漠。 诚然,当人们在交谈时很多事情都在发生。但是,只有很少一部分在语言本身当中。当交谈双方来自不同文化时,误解是极有可能发生的。但是,不管是什么样的情形,最好的建议是遵守这个黄金法则:像你希望被对待的那样对待别人。

课后翻译及完形填空答案

Unit 1 Cloze 1)reliable 2)syndrome 3)adopted 4)got done with 5)gloomy 6)or something 7)chance 8)come through 9)barely 10)in good shape 11)booth 12)mess 13)scrawled 14)peeking 15)in Translation 1)What I didn’t count on was that over time I would sincerely take pride in being a social worker. 2)Shooting a quick look at the clock on the wall, Grandma let out a cry, “Oh, My dear /My goodness/My gracious, we’re going to miss the train!” 3)At the kindergarten entrance, I always see some kids/children holding firmly on to their parents. Should young parents be sterner towards their kids/children and leave immediately under these circumstances? 4)In the dim street light stood a weeping little girl/ a girl weeping. 5)When making donations, rich people should be as considerate as possible in order not to put the recipient in an embarrassing situation. 6)Since last month, my work has been revolving around the routine office duties, so now I am counting the days until the National Day comes, when my friends and I are going hiking in the countryside. Unit 2 Cloze 1)haste 2)state of a ffairs 3)d istinguished 4)m eeting of minds 5)b lossom 6)i nner c harm 7)i ntimacy 8)e motion 9)a cquiring

1484745756第一次句子翻译作业 (1)

第一次作业 1.翻译下面的句子 1). 在家工作的人可以灵活安排时间。 2). 政府应该审查媒体的内容。(用基础的主谓宾句型来翻译) 3). 应该有政府对媒体内容的审查。(用there be句型来翻译) 4). 政府对媒体内容的审查是非常有必要的。(用主系表句型翻译) 5). 燃烧化石燃料的汽车是空气污染的主要来源。 6). 通过参加社区服务,青少年能培养宽泛的能力。(介词短语) 7). 当孩子们读书的时候,他们会尝试理解每个单词,这能增加他们的词汇量。(状语从句) 8).不应该禁止孩子看电视,家长应该建议他们看什么和看多久。(用Instead of在句首的句型翻译)

9). 有很多的争论关于孩子应该被送去寄宿还是走读学校。(用there be句型翻译) 10). 然而,这并不意味着所有的幸福都来源于金钱。 11). 一方面,有人认为大学课程应该由专家来制定因为他们更了解学生需要哪些知识和技能。(状语从句) 12). 另一方面,支持学生自己选择课程的人们认为这能增加他们学习的动力。(定语从句的考察) 13). 学生们可以通过艺术课程来提高自己的表达能力。(注意中文惯性翻译错误问题,不要直接字面翻译) 14). 有一个大幅的增长在老年人比例上,从1990年的13%增长到了2010年的37%。(用there be句型来翻译,注意时态) 15). 上寄宿学校的孩子比走读学校的孩子更加独立,因为他们有更多机会自己来解决问题。 16). 政府应该做的是对电影和游戏进行分级。(用what….的主语从句来翻译)

17). 体重的增加可以由如下原因来解释。(用被动句,主语用抽象名词短语) 18). 有更多的耐心是一个主要原因为什么小学里有更多女老师。 19). 不可否认金钱和幸福之间有紧密的联系。(It is 句型翻译) 20). 学生的学习能力有很大的差别。(用there be句型翻译) 21). 我认为虽然孩子们可以从电脑游戏里得到很多好处,但是他们花在这些游戏上的时间应该被合理控制。(用although的从句来翻译)

英语第一次作业(语法)

题目1 - Write to me when you get home. - OK, I _______. 请选择一个答案: a. will b. should c. can d. must 题目2 He ______ to me last week. 请选择一个答案: a. is written b. is writing c. wrote d. writes 题目3 Don't laugh ________ people when they are _____trouble. 请选择一个答案: a. in….at… b. at….at… c. at… in… d. on… in… 题目4 Little T om is used to getting up _______eight every morning. 请选择一个答案: a. in b. of c. at d. on 题目5 Had you come five minutes earlier, you _____ the train to . But now you missed it. 请选择一个答案: a. would catch b. should catch c. could catch d. would have caught

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------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 第一次在线作业 单选题 (共30道题) 展开 收起 1.( 2.5分) The shortest cut would take us five hours to get there. 抄近路也要5小时才能到那里。 A、无灵译成无主语 B、无灵译成有灵 C、有灵译成无灵 正确答案:此题得分:2.5分 2.(2.5分) Out of mind,out of sight. 眼不见,心不烦 A、意译 B、直译 C、归化 正确答案:此题得分:2.5分 3.(2.5分) The government called for the establishment of more technical schools. 政府鼓励办更多的技术学校。 A、抽象译成具体 B、词性转换 C、无灵译成有灵 正确答案:此题得分:2.5分 4.(2.5分) This problem is no more important than that one. 这个问题的重要性大于那个问题。 A、具体译成抽象 B、词性转换 C、静译成动 正确答案:此题得分:2.5分 5.(2.5分) Rome witnessed many great historic events. 在罗马城发生过许多伟大的历史事件。 A、无灵译成无主语 B、无灵译成有灵 C、有灵译成无灵 正确答案:此题得分:2.5分 6.(2.5分) His illness prevented him from attending the conference. 他因病未能参加会议。 A、有灵译成无灵 B、无灵译成有灵 C、无灵译成无主语 正确答案:此题得分:2.5分 7.(2.5分) Every life has its roses and thorns. 伴随人生的,既有鲜花,也有荆棘。 A、意译 B、无灵译成有灵 C、直译

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