河北省廊坊市大厂回民中学2015-2016学年高二第一学期期中考试英语试卷

大庆实验中学2015---2016学年度上学期开学考试高二年级英语试题说明:本试卷满分150分（听力计入总分）时间120分钟第一卷（共三部分115分）第一部分听力题：（共两节20小题，每小题1分，共20分）第一节：（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A, B, C, 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷相应的位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What will Dorothy do on the weekend?A. Go out with her friend.B. Work on her paper.C. Make some plans.2. What was the normal price of the T-shirt?A. $30.B. $15.C. $50.3. What has the woman decided to do on Sunday afternoon?A. To meet a friend.B. To visit an exhibition.C. To attend a wedding.4. When does the bank close on Saturday?A. At l: 00 pm.B. At 3:00 pm.C. At 4:00 pm.5. Where are the speakers?A. At a hotel.B. In a classroom.C. In a store.第二节：（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

2015-2016学年高二第一学期期中考试英语试卷2015.11.22（满分150分，时间100分钟）第I卷第一题听力理解。

注意：答题卡1—20不填涂。

第二题阅读理解（每小题2分，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和 D ）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AFrom Japan to Indonesia, a certain kind of pop culture is very hot. But it doesn’t come from Hollywood—it’s Hallyu(韩流), the wave of Korean pop culture that has washed over Asi a. It has influenced everything from music to television. And th anks to the Internet and social media, it’s now spreading worldwide.South Korea produces all types of entertainment, the most po pular being music, soap operas and films. What makes Hallyu so hot in Asia? One reason is that its products are of high qu ality and much cheaper than western products. Another reaso n is that eastern cultures are similar to each other, although th ere are language differences.Korean pop music, or “K-pop”, ranks the first everywhere. Fans love the songs and the attractive stars. Companies like SM Entertainment, JYP Enter tainment and YG Entertainment help many K-pop stars, such as Super Junior, Big Bang and Rain, to succe ed. They are not only popular in Asia but also enjoy popularity in the West. In 2011, Big Bang’s mini-album Tonight reached the top 10 on U.S. Tunes Top Pop Alb ums. When SM Entertainment took their 2010 world tour to Lo s Angeles, only 30 percent of the 15,000 fans were Korean. H alf of the audience wasn’t even Asian!One important reason for the success of Hallyu is simply the I nternet. A little more than 10 years ago, Korean soap operas, movies and music reached the outside world quite slowly. The y began in Korea, and then gradually spread outward, appeari ng in its neighboring countries where local TV and radio companies would play them. Now they are played around the world online at the same time.YouTube is another major way to get Korean entertainment to fans everywhere. It is an inexpensive and valid way for artists to introduce their work to a larger audience. In 2010 the YouT ube channels for the top three Korean entertainment groups t ogether had nearly 800 million views from 225 different countr ies.21.Hallyu is very hot in Asia partly because________.A. languages in Asia are similar to each otherB. the culture is the most fashionable in the worldC. the quality of South Korea’s products is highD. South Korea’s products are the cheapest in Asia22.The author shows the popularity of K-pop in the West_______.A. in order of spaceB. by giving examplesC. by listing reaso nsD. in order of time23.What does the underlined word valid (in Para. 5) mean?A. slowB. successfulC. uselessD. necessary24.What would be the best title for the passage?A. K-pop Ranks the First EverywhereB. YouTube Helps Korean Cultures SpreadC. Korean Soap Operas Are Growing in PopularityD. Hallyu Makes Waves across the WorldBRecently，I came across an interesting article on the differences betwee n British English and American English. I had a lot of fun readi ng it and thinking of as many differences as I could as an Am erican.Their cars have “bonnets(发动机罩)”, while ourselves have “hoods”. They park their cars in a “car park” while we leave ours in a “parking lot”. Our “cookies”are their “biscuits”, while their “rubbers” are our “erasers”. Then there are the food words. Would you want to eat someth ing called “Toad in the Hole” or “Bangers and Mash” or “Spott ed Dick”?I’m here to report they are all very tasty. There are American equivalents(相等物)，of course. We’ve got “Shoofly Pie”,“Chicken Fried Steak” and “Mississippi Mud Pie”. What they call “crisps” is what we call “potato chips” and when we ask for “chips” in England we will get what we know at home in America as “French fries”.They find it extremely exciting that we call the “toilet” the “bath room” and they really double over(弯腰) with laughter when we ask for the “restroom”. American la dies in England who ask for the “little girl’s room” or the “powd er room” will be met with blank stares. A “fag” is a “cigarette” i n the UK, which can lead to endless confusion for British visit ors looking for a cigarette in America. Americans on the other hand are endlessly confused by English signs put up over doo rways saying “Way Out”. We Americans walk on the sidewalk not the pavement. “Pavement” in America is the actual cemen t(水泥) the sidewalk is made of.25. What do British people call French Fries?A. Crisps.B. Chips.C. Shoofly.D. Mississippi Mud Pie.26. It would be difficult for British people to look for a cigarette in America because ______.A. American people don’t like giving others cigaretteB. it is not allowed to smoke in public in AmericaC. Americans don’t know a “fag” means a “cigarette?D. American people don’t smoke often27. What is the passage mainly about?A. Some differences between American English and British E nglish.B. Some similar habits between Americans and the British.C. Different communicating ways between Americans and th e British.D. Different body languages between Americans and the Briti sh.CFlorida is celebrating a big anniversary this year. Five hundre d years ago, on April 2, 1513, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce a rrived on the east coast of what is now Florida. Native Americ ans had been living there for centuries, but Ponce was the firs t European to set foot in what would become the United State s.According to legend, Ponce may have landed in Florida by mi stake. He is said to have been looking for an island called Bim ini and its Fountain(喷泉) of Youth. The magical fountain could supposedly make ol d people young again. Instead, Ponce landed on Florida and claimed it for Spain. He named it La Florida, or “flowery place”.Ponce explored more of Florida’s coasts over the next few m months. He later returned to Spain but went back to Florida in1521 to attempt to set up a colony. However, native America ns attacked him and his friends, and Ponce was killed. It wasn ’t until 1565 that Spain set up a successful colony at St. Augu stine on Florida’s east coast. It is the oldest European settlem ent in the U.S.Florida didn’t belong to the U.S. until Spain lost control. It was admitted to the U.S. as the 27th state in 1845.Today, Florida has one of the fastest-growing populations of any state. More than 19 million people call it home .It’s also popular with tourists. Last year, 89 million people visit ed the Sunshine State. These days, most visitors come in sea rch of fun in the sun on its sandy beaches and its theme parks , such as Disney World and Sea World.28. Ponce was killed_____.A. during his second stay in FloridaB. on his way to Flori daC. by his friendsD. after he set up a colony29. What can we learn about Ponce from Paragraph 2?A. He finally found Fountain of Youth.B. He could make old people young again.C. He hated Florida.D. He discovered Florida by accident.30. Five hundred years ago,_____.A. the United States was foundedB. Florida was discovered by human beingsC. the first European came to FloridaD. Spanish explorer Juan Ponce was born31. Which of the following is TRUE about Florida?A. There are 89 million people in Florida at present.B. Its population has been increasing in recent years.C. Tourists are losing interest in it.D. Its beaches are not well protected.DThe production of coffee beans is a huge，profitable business，but，unfortunately，full－sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. The change in how coffee is grown from sha de－grown production to full－sun production endangers the very existence of certain anima ls and birds，and even disturbs the world's ecological balance.On a local level，the damage of the forest required by full－sun fields affects the area's birds and animals. The shade of t he forest trees provides a home for birds and other species (物种) that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits. Full－sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result，many species are quickly dying out.On a more global level，the destruction of the rainforest for full－sun coffee fields also threatens (威胁) human life. Medical research often makes use of the fores ts' plant and animal life，and the destruction of such species could prevent researcher s from finding cures for certain diseases. In addition，new coffee－growing techniques are poisoning the water locally，and eventually the world's groundwater.Both locally and globally，the continued spread of full－sun coffee plantations (种植园) could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The l oss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the w orld's climate，and studies show that the loss of oxygen giving trees also lea ds to air pollution and global warming. Moreover，the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic (酸性的) soil conditions.It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many a spects of life，from the local environment to the global ecology. But consum ers do have a choice. They can purchase shade－grown coffee whenever possible，although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coff ee.32. Where does this text probably come from?A. A medical journal.B. An engineering textbook.C. A tourist guide.D. An agricultural magazine.33. What can we learn about full－sun coffee production from Paragraph 4?A. It limits the spread of new growing techniques.B. It slows down the loss of shade trees.C. It improves local soil conditions.D. It leads to air pollution and global warming.34. The purpose of the text is to_________.A. entertain D. persuadeB. advertiseC. instruct35. Which of the following shows the structure of the whole te xt?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2015-2016学年河北省廊坊市大厂县回民中学高二（上）期中生物试卷一、选择题（共60分，每题1分）1．下列关于免疫的叙述，正确的是（）A．吞噬细胞吞噬外来细菌，必须有抗体参与B．B细胞和T细胞所含基因不同，功能也不同C．“先天性胸腺发育不全”的患者，细胞免疫有缺陷D．效应淋巴细胞都来自骨髓造血干细胞，都在骨髓中分化、发育成熟2．下列有关植物生命活动调节的叙述，错误的是（）A．植物激素的产生部位和作用部位可以不同B．细胞分裂素和脱落酸具有拮抗作用C．顶端优势现象与根的向地性、茎的背地性均能体现生长素的两重性生理作用特点D．生长素在植物体内的极性运输需要消耗能量3．下列属于内环境的是（）A．肾小管内的液体B．消化道内的液体C．突触间隙的液体D．线粒体内的液体B．IAA诱导侧根生成的作用表现为低浓度促进、高浓度抑制C．将未施用IAA的植株除去部分芽和幼叶，会导致侧根数量增加D．与施用10﹣4mol•L﹣1的IAA相比，未施用的植株主根长而侧根数量少5．Ⅱ型糖尿病患者初期胰岛素分泌正常，但机体对胰岛素的敏感性降低，则该型糖尿病的病因可能是（）①胰岛B细胞受损②靶细胞表面胰岛素受体减少③胰岛素与其特定受体识别发生障碍④胰高血糖素分泌增加．A．①②B．②③C．③④D．②④6．为研究不同植物激素间关系，有人将黄花豌豆幼苗切段分别放在含有不同浓度ACC（乙烯前体，分解后产生乙烯）的培养液中培养12小时和24小时后，测定幼苗切段中生长素的含量，实验结果如图．据图推测合理的是（）A．乙烯通过促进生长素合成而影响幼苗切段生长B．乙烯能促进生物素在黄花豌豆幼苗切段内极性运输C．培养时间越长，乙烯促进黄花豌豆幼苗切段生长越明显D．ACC浓度越大，乙烯促进黄花豌豆幼苗切段生长越明显7．以下有关神经兴奋的叙述不正确的是（）A．静息状态时神经元细胞膜内外没有离子进出B．神经递质与突触后膜上受体的结合有特异性C．神级纤维的兴奋部位，膜两侧电位表现为内正外负D．神经递质经胞吐作用由突触前膜释放，进入突触间隙8．某同学给健康实验兔静脉滴注0.9%的NaCl溶液（生理盐水）20mL后，会出现的现象是（）A．输入的溶液会从血浆进入组织液B．细胞内液和细胞外液分别增加10mLC．细胞内液Na+的增加远大于细胞外液Na+的增加D．输入的Na+中50%进入细胞内液，50%分布在细胞外液9．研究生长素在植物体内的运输及作用时，科学家使用燕麦胚芽鞘中段进行了如图实验，供应块是含生长素的琼脂块，接受块是不含生长素的琼脂块，下列说法正确的是（）A．甲中A会向左弯曲生长，乙中B会直立生长B．生长素由供应块运输到接受块需消耗能量C．甲中生长素使A弯曲生长的原因是加快了右侧细胞的分裂速度D．将图中供应块与接受块的位置互换，实验结果不变10．为研究交感神经和副交感神经对心脏的支配作用，分别测定狗在正常情况、阻断副交感）B．对心脏支配占优势的是副交感神经C．交感神经和副交感神经的作用是相互协同的D．正常情况下，交感神经和副交感神经均可检测到膜电位变化11．2014年，埃博拉病毒肆虐南非，造成大量人员死亡．该病毒入侵人体后，会引起人体相应的免疫反应，下列叙述正确的是（）A．B细胞增殖分化为浆细胞，导致靶细胞裂解B．相同病毒再次侵入人体，记忆细胞产生大量抗体清除病毒C．抗体可直接作用于细胞外的病毒，而对细胞内的病毒不起作用D．淋巴因子、溶菌酶都是免疫活性物质，均在第二道防线中发挥作用12．自2014年2月至今，西非多国肆虐的埃博拉病毒因发病快、致死率高，正引起越来越多国家的警惕．该病毒侵入人体后（）A．非特异性免疫和特异性免疫均发挥作用B．刺激T细胞分泌淋巴因子与该病毒结合C．刺激吞噬细胞增殖、分化为多种记忆细胞D．相应的多种免疫活性物质能迅速将其清除13．大鼠的皮肤、粘膜和内脏都分布着冷觉感受器和温觉感受器，图示不同皮肤温度条件下，大鼠温度感受器产生神经冲动频率的变化，下列说法正确的是（）A．28℃时，下丘脑产生的兴奋抑制机体产热B．38℃时，机体的产热量与散热量大致相等C．43℃时，下丘脑产生的兴奋促进甲状腺激素分泌D．28℃或43℃时，机体在下丘脑产生冷觉或温觉14．a、b、c表示三种细胞外液，箭头表示三者之间的关系，有关叙述正确的是（）①a中含有免疫细胞和各种血细胞②c中含有激素和消化酶③b、c中存在着相同种类的蛋白质④b中蛋白质含量减少将导致c增多．A．②③B．③④C．①②D．②④15．凝血过程中凝血酶原与凝血因子结合后，转变为有活性的凝血酶，而凝血酶的产生又能加速凝血酶原与凝血因子的结合，下列哪项调节过程的机制与此最为相似（）A．寒冷时，甲状腺激素浓度升高，抑制促甲状腺激素分泌B．临近排卵时，雌激素浓度升高，促进促性腺激素分泌C．进餐后，胰岛素分泌增多，使血糖浓度下降D．生态系统中，捕食者数量增长，使被捕食者数量减少16．下列关于体温调节的叙述，正确的是（）A．大脑皮层是调节体温的主要中枢B．温觉感受器只分布于皮肤C．人在剧烈运动时主要产热方式是骨骼肌的收缩D．降低新陈代谢是人在炎热环境中散热的主要方式17．实验表明，乙烯能抑制根系生长；低浓度的生长素可以促进根系生长，稍高浓度的生长素则抑制根系生长．有关解释合理的是（）A．生长素与乙烯相互转化B．生长素与乙烯的化学本质相同C．生长素可诱导乙烯的合成D．生长素对乙烯进行反馈调节18．有一种“生物活性绷带”的原理是先采集一些细胞标本，再让其在特殊膜片上增殖，5﹣7天后，将膜片敷到患者伤口上，膜片会将细胞逐渐“释放”到伤口处，并促进新生皮肤层生长，达到愈合伤口的目的．下列有关叙述中，错误的是（）A．人的皮肤烧伤后易引起感染，主要是由于非特异性免疫机能受损所致B．种植在膜片上的细胞样本最好选择来自本人的干细胞C．膜片“释放”的细胞能与患者自身皮肤愈合，与两者细胞膜上的糖蛋白有关D．若采用异体皮肤移植会导致排异反应，主要是因为抗体对移植皮肤细胞有杀伤作用19．下列关于人体生命活动凋节过程的叙述，正确的是（）A．饥饿→胰高血糖素分泌增加→肌糖原分解→血糖稳定B．大量饮水→抗利尿激素分泌减少→尿量增加→渗透压稳定C．炎热环境→大脑皮层体温调节中枢兴奋→散热增加→体温稳定D．血糖浓度升高→胰岛A细胞→胰岛素增加→血糖利用加快20．如图表示肝细胞与甲、乙、丙三种细胞外液的物质交换关系，下列有关叙述错误的是（）A．甲、乙、丙依次为组织液、血浆、淋巴B．甲中的葡萄糖进入肝细胞需穿过两层磷脂分子C．NaHC03等缓冲物质可使乙的pH稳定在7.35～7.45D．肝细胞、甲、乙三部位C02浓度大小关系为乙＞甲＞肝细胞21．如图表示人体皮下的组织，A、B、C表示细胞外液．下列叙述不正确的是（）A．结构2的管壁细胞生活的内环境为B和CB．食用含碱性物质的食物时，A的pH仍将保持稳定C．C的渗透压升高时，下丘脑抗利尿激素分泌将会减少D．长期蛋白质营养不足会导致A渗透压降低，引起组织水肿22．大麦种子结构如图所示．发芽时，胚乳内的α﹣淀粉酶含量不断增加，使贮藏的淀粉水解，为胚的发育提供物质和能量．将去胚的离体大麦种子糊粉层放在适宜浓度的赤霉素或放线菌素D（转录过程抑制剂）溶液中培养一段时间后，实验结果如图，下列相关叙述错误的是（）A．实验前离体大麦种子去胚的目的是排除内源赤霉素的干扰B．该实验自变量是赤霉素或放线菌素D的有无C．赤霉素可通过促进翻译过程来影响α﹣淀粉酶的合成D．赤霉素能解除放线菌素D对α﹣淀粉酶基因表达的抑制作用23．下列关于植物生命活动调节的叙述，不正确的是（）A．在植物体生长旺盛部位，各种激素的含量均较高B．在植物生长发育的不同阶段起主导作用的激素不同C．环境因子可通过影响植物激素的合成而影响植物生命活动D．植物生长发育过程中，几乎所有的生命活动都受到植物激素的调节24．科学家温特做了如下实验：把切下的燕麦尖端放在琼脂块上，几小时后，移去胚芽鞘尖端，将琼脂块切成小块，再将经处理过的琼脂块放在切去尖端的燕麦胚芽鞘一侧，结果胚芽鞘会朝对侧弯曲生长．但是，如果放上的是没有接触过胚芽鞘尖端的琼脂块，胚芽鞘则既不生长也不弯曲．该实验证明了（）A．生长素的化学本质是吲哚乙酸B．造成胚芽鞘弯曲的刺激是某种化学物质C．单侧光使燕麦的胚芽鞘弯向光源生长D．生长素只能从形态学上端运输到形态学下端25．研究发现“渐冻症”的病因之一是由于运动神经元中D﹣丝氨酸分解酶基因发生变异，导致D﹣丝氨酸分解酶功能降低，进而使激活神经的D﹣丝氨酸增加并蓄积，破坏了运动神经元的正常功能，引起肌肉萎缩．以下设想不能起到治疗作用的是（）A．植入正常的神经干细胞B．将变异的D﹣丝氨酸分解酶基因替换C．注射能够提高D﹣丝氨酸分解酶活性的药物D．注射药物提高肌肉细胞上神经递质受体的灵敏性26．内环境的稳态是细胞生活所必需的．下列关于内环境的叙述错误的是（）A．血浆的成分稳定时，机体达到稳态B．稳态有利于参与其调节的器官保持机能正常C．pH和温度的稳定，都给酶正常发挥催化作用创造了条件D．免疫系统识别并清除异物、外来病原微生物也是维持内环境稳态的机制27．关于人体健康的叙述，正确的是（）A．过敏反应是机体初次接触过敏原时发生的反应B．糖尿病形成的原因是病人的胰岛A细胞受损C．艾滋病和类风湿性关节炎都属于免疫系统疾病D．猫叫综合征是一种由染色体数目变异引起的遗传病28．研究表明，赤霉素（GA）与生长素（IAA）在促进生长等方面具有相似的效应，二者的关系可用如图表示（“+”表示促进，“一”表示抑制），下列相关分析错误的是（）A．GA能促进蛋白质水解，使合成IAA的前体物色氨酸增多B．GA能促进束缚型IAA转化为游离型IAAC．GA能抑制IAA氧化酶的活性，使IAA的含量提高D．GA通过影响相关基因的表达发挥作用，IAA则直接参与细胞生长29．赤霉素是一类能促进细胞伸长、从而引起茎秆伸长和植株增高的植物激素．将纯种矮秆玉米用赤霉素处理后长成高秆玉米这种高秆玉米自交后代的表现型和比例为（）A．后代100%为高茎B．后代100%为矮茎C．后代25%为高茎D．后代50%为矮茎30．下列关于植物生长素的叙述，错误的是（）A．植物幼嫩叶片中的色氨酸可转变为生长素B．成熟茎韧皮部中的生长素可以进行非极性运输C．幼嫩细胞和成熟细胞对生长素的敏感程度相同D．豌豆幼苗切段中乙烯的合成受生长素浓度的影响31．如图表示人运动前后血液中乳酸浓度的变化曲线，请分析BC段变化的原因（）A．乳酸与NaH2P04反应生成H3P04B．乳酸与血液中的02发生了氧化反应C．乳酸与碳酸钠反应除掉了乳酸D．乳酸与NaHCO3反应生成CO232．关于人体免疫的叙述不正确的是（）A．B细胞和T细胞均是在骨髓中产生和成熟的B．体液免疫中能特异性识别抗原的细胞有T细胞、B细胞和记忆细胞C．效应T细胞与靶细胞密切接触使其裂解的过程属于细胞免疫D．吞噬细胞在特异性免疫和非特异性免疫中均能发挥作用33．兴奋在传导过程中，会存在一个突触引起的兴奋被后一个突触抑制的现象．如图表示突触2抑制突触1兴奋传导的过程，有关叙述错误的是（）A．乙酰胆碱和Gly均表示神经递质B．A处6点时膜内为正电位C．离子通道甲表示钠离子通道D．抑制Gly释放将阻断兴奋由A到B的传导34．图为马拉松赛跑时，运动员血液中胰岛素和胰高血糖素浓度的变化情况，有关叙述正确的是（）A．随着曲线a的下降，非糖物质转化为葡萄糖的速率下降B．随着曲线b的上升，血糖浓度不断升高C．4 h时，流出肝脏的血液与流人之前的相比，血糖含量升高D．若在平静状态下，进餐后4h内，胰岛素的浓度变化可用曲线b表示35．下列关于细胞外液理化特性的叙述，不正确的是（）A．细胞外液的理化特性包括渗透压、酸碱度和温度三个主要方面B．细胞外液渗透压的大小取决于溶液中溶质微粒的数目C．血浆渗透压的大小与无机盐、蛋白质含量有关D．细胞外液渗透压的90%以上来源于Na+、K+36．图中甲、乙细胞及物质A可以分别表示为（）A．效应T细胞、被病原体侵染的细胞、抗体B．传出神经元、传入神经元、神经递质C．下丘脑神经分泌细胞、垂体细胞、促甲状腺激素D．甲状腺细胞、神经细胞、甲状腺激素37．下列过程发生在人体内环境中的是（）A．淋巴因子作用于免疫细胞B．葡萄糖分解为丙酮酸C．食物中的蛋白质被消化D．浆细胞合成抗体38．发生在人体内环境的生理过程是（）A．唾液淀粉酶催化淀粉分解B．抗体与抗原的结合C．胰岛素与特异性受体的结合D．mRNA经酶催化分解成核苷酸39．某人饥饿时遇到寒冷刺激，会表现出面色苍白，全身颤抖．则有关叙述错误的是（）A．该个体血糖浓度降低，细胞产热不足以维持正常体温B．该个体感觉饥寒交迫的中枢在下丘脑C．调节过程中促甲状腺激素、胰高血糖素等多种激素分泌会增加D．调节过程中几乎所有的细胞都被调动起来抵御寒冷40．如图是反射弧的模式图，其中a、b、c、d、e表示反射弧的组成部分，I、Ⅱ表示突触的组成部分，下列有关叙述正确的是（）A．该反射弧中含两个神经元，两个突触B．Ⅱ处发生的信号变化是电信号一化学信号一电信号C．若抑制细胞呼吸，则会影响兴奋由I到Ⅱ的传递D．刺激b或d上某点，a、c处均可检测到兴奋41．当快速牵拉骨骼肌时，会在d处记录到电位变化过程．据图判断下列相关叙述，错误的是（）A．感受器位于骨骼肌中B．d处位于传出神经上C．从a到d构成一个完整的反射弧D．牵拉骨骼肌时，c处可检测到神经递质42．红细胞和肝细胞的内环境分别是（）A．血液和组织液B．组织液和淋巴C．淋巴和血浆D．血浆和组织液43．下列各项中，可视为物质进入内环境的实例的是（）A．精子进入输卵管腔B．牛奶被饮入胃中C．氧气进入血液中的红细胞D．胰岛素被注射到皮下组织中44．如图为人体细胞与内环境之间物质交换的示意图，①②③④分别表示人体内不同部位的液体．据图判断下列说法正确的是（）A．体液①中含有激素、氨基酸、尿素、CO2等物质B．②内渗透压下降会刺激下丘脑合成抗利尿激素增加C．③若产生乳酸会引起①、②、④内pH的剧烈变化D．①、②、④是机体进行细胞代谢活动的主要场所45．如图为高等动物的体内细胞与外界环境的物质交换示意图，下列叙述正确的是（）A．①③都必须通过消化系统才能完成B．人体的体液包括内环境和细胞外液C．细胞与内环境交换的④为养料和氧气D．⑥可表述为：体内细胞可与外界环境直接进行物质交换46．人体内的细胞外液构成了细胞生活的液体环境，在这个环境中可发生许多生化反应，其中有（）A．蛋白质消化分解成氨其酸B．神经递质和激素的合成C．丙酮酸氧化分解成二氧化碳和水D．乳酸与碳酸氢钠作用生成乳酸钠和碳酸47．下列叙述中，不正确的是（）A．血浆成分渗出毛细血管就成为组织液B．组织液渗入毛细血管就成为血浆C．组织液渗入毛细淋巴管就成为淋巴D．淋巴渗出毛细淋巴管壁就成为组织液48．在除肺部以外的血浆、组织液和细胞内液中，CO2的浓度依次为（）A．血浆＞组织液=细胞内液B．血浆＜组织液=细胞内液C．血浆＞组织液＞细胞内液D．血浆＜组织液＜细胞内液49．下列说法正确的是（）A．K+主要存在于细胞外液，Na+主要存在于细胞内液B．血浆中含有水、无机盐、血红蛋白、代谢废物、气体、激素及各类营养物质C．血浆渗透压主要是由无机盐和血浆蛋白决定D．血浆、组织液和淋巴的成分和含量完全相同50．下列关于内环境及其稳态的叙述，正确的是（）A．胰岛素、肝糖元、抗体、神经递质都属于内环境的组成成分B．血浆中含有能中和细菌外毒素的蛋白质C．免疫是机体的保护性生理功能，不参与维持机体稳态D．抗原和抗体的结合、血红蛋白和氧气的结合都只能发生在内环境中51．根据图判断，正确的描述是（）①对于组织细胞的正常生理活动，过程a较过程b和c更为重要；②组织液中的CO2有害无益；③组织液中的物质是有变化的；④过程b或c受阻可导致组织水肿．A．①③B．①②C．②④D．③④52．当一个人的大脑皮层的S区（运动性语言中枢）受到损伤时，病人（）A．能看懂文字，但不能听懂别人谈话B．不能看懂文字，但能听懂别人谈话C．能听懂别人谈话，但自己不会讲话D．能够讲话，但看不懂文字53．下列关于兴奋沿神经纤维向前传导的叙述中，正确的是（）A．膜内电流由非兴奋部位流向兴奋部位B．膜外电流由兴奋部位流向非兴奋部位C．神经纤维在未受到刺激时，膜内为负电荷D．兴奋在细胞间的传导方向是树突→另一个神经元的轴突和细胞体54．产生动作电位时（）A．Na+通道开放，Na+进入细胞B．Na+通道开放，Na+运出细胞外C．K+通道开放，K+进入细胞D．Na+通道关闭，K+运出细胞外55．在一简单反射弧中，只有感觉神经元A和运动神经元B，则当A接受刺激后，兴奋的传导方向是（）A．A的树突→B的轴突B．B的轴突→A的轴突C．B的轴突→A的胞体D．A的轴突→B的树突56．如图是某些信息传递机制的模式图，箭头表示信息传递方向．下列叙述正确的是（）A．若该图表示反射弧，则其中的信息都是以电信号传送的B．若abc依次为下丘脑、垂体、甲状腺，则c分泌的激素对a、b分泌d、e具有反馈调节作用C．若图表示细胞中遗传信息的表达过程，则d过程只发生于细胞核中D．若图表示炎热条件下的体温调节，则c一定是传出神经和它支配的内分泌腺57．人体内环境相对稳定是健康的保障．由于人体内环境成分发生明显变化而引起的病症是（）①小腿抽搐②镰刀型细胞贫血症③尿毒症④组织水肿．A．①②③B．①③④C．①②④D．②③④58．决定反射的时间长短的主要因素（）A．刺激强度的大小B．感受器的兴奋性C．反射弧中突触数目的多少D．效应器的兴奋性59．某些神经细胞膜上存在GABA受体，GABA受体是一种氯离子通道，y﹣氨基丁酸能激活GABA受体，导致氯离子通道开放，使氯离子流入神经细胞内．若突触前膜释放7﹣氨基丁酸，则后膜的电位变化是（）A．转为内正外负，且绝对值减小B．仍是内负外正，且绝对值增大C．转为内正外负，且绝对值增大D．仍是内负外正，且绝对值减小60．如图是人的排尿反射的反射弧结构简图（﹣•﹣＜表示从树突到胞体到轴突），方框甲代表大脑皮层的部分区域，乙代表脊髓中控制排尿的神经中枢．下列有关对此生理过程的分析，不正确的是（）A．婴儿的a兴奋，就会引起e兴奋；正常成年人的a兴奋，e不一定兴奋B．如果正常成年人的n兴奋，就会引起神经元d的兴奋C．若正常成年人的b受损，其排尿反射将不会存在D．若正常成年人的m和n受到损伤，其排尿反射仍会存在二、非选择题（共3题，40分）61．瘦素是一种蛋白质类激素，可作用于下丘脑，调节人的食欲．其作用机理图所示．X、Y、Z代表信号分子，请据图分析回答：（1）瘦素合成后，以的方式分泌出细胞，通过运输至下丘脑，并与靶细胞上的结合．（2）人体内脂肪含量偏高时，瘦素释放量增加，引起神经元A兴奋，神经元B受抑制，此时神经元A膜内的电位为，信号分子x与y的比值增加，从而使饱中枢兴奋，食欲降低；同时使信号分子z的释放，饥中枢兴奋性降低，降低人的食欲．大多数肥胖者血液中瘦素水平没有降低，推测其体内神经元B缺少，从而使食欲失去控制．（3）当人体大量进食后，胰岛素的分泌量．据此判断，当瘦素对胰岛素的分泌具有作用时，才可维持体内脂肪含量的稳定．（4）饮水不足时会使垂体释放的激素增加，同时使兴奋传到，使人主动饮水．（5）当人体感受到寒冷时，兴奋，经传人神经引起兴奋，导致促甲状腺激素释放激素（TRH）增加，再通过调节方式使血液中甲状腺激素的含量也增加，物质氧化分解加快，释放大量热量以维持体温，从而容易形成饥饿感．（6）正常人在隆冬季节的血糖浓度是g/L，这与胰高血糖素和（细胞）分泌的胰岛有关．62．图中图甲是某种特异性免疫的大致过程，图乙是初次免疫和二次免疫的相关情况变化曲线，请据图回答下列问题．（1）图甲表示的是（体液免疫或细胞免疫），吞噬细胞具有的作用，细胞c是．（2）从图乙中可以看出，当再次感染相同的病原体后，产生抗体既又，这主要与记忆细胞有关，初次免疫时记忆细胞由图甲中的（填字母）增殖分化而来．（3）切除胸腺后，图甲表示的免疫过程将（减弱、加强或不变）．（4）图中a、b、c、d能够识别抗原的是．（5）若图中所示的抗原为酿脓链球菌，因其表面的抗原决定簇与人心脏瓣膜上的一种物质的表面结构十分相似，抗体向心脏瓣膜发起进攻，使人患上风湿性心脏病，这属于免疫失调中的病．63．为研究生长素（IAA）和赤霉素（GA3）对玉米胚芽鞘生长的影响，得到如下实验结果．请回答下列问题：（1）实验中除激素的因素外，可能影响实验结果的因素称．图中“？”处理方式是．（2）实验中用激素处理胚芽鞘时，应将IAA加在胚芽鞘尖端而不是加到培养液中，原因是．若实验中使用的IAA浓度为m，则改用低于m浓度的IAA时，玉米胚芽鞘的长度（填“会”、“不会”或“不一定”）减少．（3）据图推断IAA和GA3混合使用后具有作用．后续实验发现，适宜浓度的GA3处理芽尖细胞，分裂间期明显变短，间期分子水平上所发生的主要变化是．（4）用一般的理化方法很难检测出琼脂块中生长素的含量．现将某琼脂块放在去除尖端的玉米胚芽鞘上，若胚芽鞘能够生长，说明该琼脂块中含有一定量的生长素．该实验的缺陷及补救措施分别是．2015-2016学年河北省廊坊市大厂县回民中学高二（上）期中生物试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（共60分，每题1分）1．下列关于免疫的叙述，正确的是（）A．吞噬细胞吞噬外来细菌，必须有抗体参与B．B细胞和T细胞所含基因不同，功能也不同C．“先天性胸腺发育不全”的患者，细胞免疫有缺陷D．效应淋巴细胞都来自骨髓造血干细胞，都在骨髓中分化、发育成熟【考点】人体免疫系统在维持稳态中的作用．【分析】1、吞噬细胞既可以参与非特异性免疫，属于人体的第二道防线，可以参与特异性免疫，在细胞免疫和体液免疫过程中的作用是吞噬、处理和呈递抗原；2、来自同一个体的B细胞和T细胞最终都是由受精卵经过有丝分裂过程产生的，细胞核内的基因相同，由于基因的选择性表达，使B淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞的形态、结构和功能发生差异；3、T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞都起源于骨髓中的造血干细胞，T淋巴细胞在胸腺中成熟，B淋巴细胞在骨髓中成熟．【解答】解：A、吞噬细胞吞噬外来细菌可能是非特异性免疫，也可能是体液免疫或细胞免疫，只有体液免疫过程需要抗体参与，A错误；B、B淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞的基因相同，由于细胞分化，二者的功能不同，B错误；C、胸腺是T淋巴细胞成熟的场所，“先天性胸腺发育不全”的患者，由于T淋巴细胞的数量减少而以影响细胞免疫，C正确；D、效应淋巴细胞分为效应T淋巴细胞和效应B淋巴细胞，T淋巴细胞在胸腺中成熟，B淋巴细胞在骨髓中成熟，D错误．故选：C．2．下列有关植物生命活动调节的叙述，错误的是（）A．植物激素的产生部位和作用部位可以不同B．细胞分裂素和脱落酸具有拮抗作用C．顶端优势现象与根的向地性、茎的背地性均能体现生长素的两重性生理作用特点D．生长素在植物体内的极性运输需要消耗能量【考点】生长素的作用以及作用的两重性；植物激素的作用．【分析】1、植物激素是由植物体产生的，能从产生部位运输到作用部位，对植物的生长发育具有显著影响的微量有机物．2、细胞分裂素的功能是促进细胞分裂，脱落酸具有抑制细胞分裂的作用，二者是拮抗关系．3、顶端优势是顶芽产生的生长素在侧芽部位积累，使侧芽部位生长素浓度过高而抑制侧芽发育；根的向地性和茎的背地性的原因是：由于重力作用使植物近地侧生长素分布多，由于根对生长素敏感，生长素浓度大，抑制根近地侧生长，背地侧浓度低而促进生长，根表现出向地生长的特性，体现了生长素作用的两重性；茎对生长素敏感性低，茎近地侧生长素浓度高，促进生长的作用强，远地侧生长素浓度低，促进生长的作用弱，因此茎表现为背地性．【解答】解；A、由植物激素的概念可知，植物激素产生部位和作用部位可以不同，A正确；B、细胞分裂素促进细胞分裂，脱落酸具有抑制细胞分裂的作用，二者是拮抗关系，B正确；。

2015年9月月初考试高二英语试卷考试时间120分钟试题分数150 命题人注意事项： 1. 听力不计入总分；2. 21—60题的答案请涂在答题卡上；3. 61-70, 改错和作文请在答题纸上作答！卷I第一部分：听力第一节1．Whose wallet probably is it?A. the woman’sB. The man’sC. Gina’s2. What is the date today?A. May 1stB. May 2ndC. May 3rd3. Who made the woman’s personal web page?A. She herselfB. Her friend.C. The man4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A townB. An accidentC. A murder5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Relatives.B. Colleagues. D. Neighbors.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）6. What is the man doing?A. Watching TVB. Listening to the radio.C. Reading the newspaper7. Why are the rich and famous targets for being talked about according to the man?A. The public are interested in them.B. The public want to laugh at them.C. The public want to make them famous.听第7段材料，回答第8-10题。

2015-2016学年上学期高二期中考试英语试卷考试时间：120 分钟试卷满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

每段对话仅读一遍.What does the woman think makes people happy?A. MoneyB. LoveC. SuccessWhat does the women’s mother look like?A. She is fat with brown hair.B. She is tall with dark hair.C. She is short with blonde.Where could the speakers most likely be?A. At homeB. At a train station.C. At a hotel.What does the man tell the woman to do?A. Take the number 1 bus.B. Walk to the subway station.C. Go to Linden Street on foot.Why is the man in a hurry?A. To join a team.B. To watch a game.C. To practise b aseball.C. To learn English gradually（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

When did the woman see the new film of Oliver Twist?A. Last SaturdayB. Last SundayC. On Monday What did the woman say about the film?A. It was very bad.B. It was true to the novel.C. It made her think of the World?听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

2015-2016学年上学期期中考试卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1.Which sport does the woman like best?A.Basketball.B.Baseball.C.Volleyball.2.When does the game end?A. at 5；10 pm B at 4：50 pm C. at 4：30 pm3.What is the woman going to do?A.Visit her uncle.B.Do some reading.C.Have a trip to Par is.4.Why won’t the girl attend Miss Jiao’s class?A.Because she is busy.B.Because she feels uncomfortable.C.Because she dislikes it.5.What’s the relationship between the two speakers?A.Friends.B.Strangers.C.Colleagues.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5，满分22.5）听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.What’s wrong with the woman?A.She fell off a tree.B.She was hit by a car.C.She hurt her leg.7.Where does the conversation take place?A.In a parkB.In a hospital.C.At their house听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Who is probably the woman？A.A guide.B.A tourist.C.A receptionist(接待员).9.When can they have breakfast tomorrow？A.Frow 6:00 to 8:00B.From 6:30 to 8:00C.From 6:30 to 8:30.10.What will the woman do tomorrow morning?A.Make a call.B.change the schedule C collect the roo m cards听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

2015—2016学年度高二英语上册期中试题
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》》》2015年高二秋季学期英语期中试卷(附答案) 》》》高中二年级英语第一学期期中试卷(附答案)
》》》2015-2016学年度高二年级英语第一学期期中试题(含答案)
》》》高二年级英语第一学期期中考试题(附答案)
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2015-2016 学年上学期中段考试卷高二英语第一部分阅读理解 ( 共两节，满分40 分 )第一节 ( 共 15 小题；每题 2 分，满分 30 分 )阅读以下短文，从小每题所给的四个选项中选出最正确选项。

AOne of the best- known American writers of children’s books is Alfred Strong, or Doctor Strong, as he is better known to readers ev erywhere. Now, an art show called“Doctor Strong From Thento Now” is travelling around the United States. The pictures and drawings show the history ofDoctor Strong.Doctor Strong first became famous almost fifty years ago when his first children’s book was published. Since then, he has written forty-five books that have sold more than one hundredmillion copies around the world.Doctor Strong ’s books are known for their easy use of words and colorful,hand-drawn pictures. These drawings bring life to his imaginary creatures. The Cat in the Hat, Horton the Elephant,The Grinch Who Stole Christmas, and hundreds of others.The San Diego Museum, in California,organized the art show. It included about three hundred Doctor Strong’s original(最早的) drawings and some of his writings.Most of Doctor Strong’s books, although written in a funny way,have serious messages. For example, in Mc Elligot’s Pool, he describes the danger of pollution.He discusses the arms race in The Butter Battle Book, written in nineteen eighty-four.Doctor Strong is almost eighty-four years old now. He says he never planned to write stories just for children. He says he writes stories that interest people of all ages. He says he useseasy words so that everyone, even a child, can understand.1. Alfred Strong is a famous _______ in the United States.A. doctorB. artistC. writerD. reader2.Doctor Strong first became famous in _______.A.his eighties when an art show was travelling around the United StatesB.his fifties when his drawings and writings were publishedC. nineteen eighty-four when his book MeEligot’s Pool was publishedD. his thirties when his first book was published3.Doctor Strong ’s books are very popular in America because _______.A.they are stories about animals such as cats, elephants and so onB.they are written in easy words with colourful picturesC.he organized the art show in CaliforniaD.they are written in a funny way4.His purpose in writing many such books is_______.A.to show his original pictures and drawingsB.to organize a special art show of his ownC.to make his readers laugh or smile when they read his booksD. not only to interest people but to expose (uncover) some serious social problemsBOne of the most important things in the world is friendship. In order to have friends，you have to be a friend. But how can you be a good friend at school?Listen — Listen when they are talking.Don't say anything unless they ask you a question. Sometimes it's not necessary for you to have anything to say；they just need someone to talkto about their feelings.Help them — If your friend is ever in need of something，be there to help them. You shouldtry to put them first，but make sure you don't do everything they want you to do. Try to takean extra ( 额外的 ) pencil or pen with you to classes in case ( 以防 ) they forget one. Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need.Be there for them—Try to make something for your friends to help make them feel better inhard times. Making cards and encouraging them are among the nicest things you can do for a friend. Marilyn Monroe，a famous U．S. actor，once said，“ I often make mistakes. Sometimes I am outof control. But if you can't stay with me at my worst，you are sure not to deserve (值得) to be with me at my best.” Always remember this！If you don't want to stay with your friends whenthey're in hard times，then you don't deserve to be with them when they're having a good time!________— Try to make plans with your friends.Go shopping ， go for ice cream， have a party ， go to the movies and so on.Take time to know each other even better by doingsomething you both enjoy. By planning things together，you both can have a good time.And you'll remember these things when you're all old!，you should ________．5． While your friend is talking to you about his or her feelingsA． give him or her some advice B．just listen unless askedC． calm him or her down D．share your feelings as well6． When we provide help for our friends，we should ________．A． try to do everything for them B．put them before ourselvesC． change their bad habits first D．ignore their faults7． What can we learn from Marilyn Monroe's words?A． Life without a friend is death.B． A friend is easier lost than found.C． A friend in need is a friend indeed.D． A man is known by his friends.8． What is the passage mainly about?A． How to find a good friend.B． How to help friends in trouble.C． How to be a good friend.D． How to make more friends.CThirteen, for me, was a challenging year. My parents divorced (离婚) and I moved to a new town with my father, far from my old family and friends. I was terribly lonely and would crymyself to sleep each night. To ease my sadness, my father purchased an old horse for me at alocal auction. I named him Cowboy.Cowboy was without a doubt the ugliest horse in the world. But I didn't care. I loved himbeyond all reason.I joined a riding club and suffered rude comments and mean snickers about Cowboy's looks.I never let out about how I felt, but deep inside, my heart was breaking. The other members rodebeautiful ， registered horses.When Cowboy and I entered the events where the horse is judged on appearance ， we were quickly shown_the_gate. No amount of preparation and love would turn Cowboy into a beauty. My only chance to compete would be in the speed events. I chose the jumping race.One girl named Becky rode a big brown horse in the race events. She always won the blue ribbons. Needless to say，she didn't feel threatened when I competed against her at the next show. Shedidn't need to. I came in next to last.The stinging memory of Becky's smirks made me determined to beat her. For the whole nextmonth I woke up early every day and rode Cowboy five miles to the arena(赛马场). We practiced running and jumping for hours in the hot sun and then I would walk Cowboy home totally exhausted.All of our hard work didn't make me feel confident by the time the show came. I sat at thegate and sweated it out while I watched Becky and her horse charge through the course and finish in first place.My turn finally came. I put on my hat, rubbed Cowboy's neck and entered the arena. At thesignal, we dashed toward the first fence，jumped it without trouble and raced on to the nextone. Cowboy then flew over the second ， third and fourth fences like a bird and I turned him toward the finish line.As we crossed the line the crowd was shocked into silence. Cowboy and I had beaten Beckyand her fancy horse by two seconds!I gained much more than a blue ribbon that day. At thirteen, I realized that no matter whatthe odds ，I'd always come out a winner if I wanted something badly enough to work for it.9．The underlined expression“shown the gate ” in Paragraph 4 most probably means“_____”．A． told how to enter the arenaB． shown how to make the horse beautifulC． removed from the competition earlyD． told to enter the timed speed events10． Why was the writer not confident of victory?A． He was an inexperienced rider.B． He had not practiced enough.C． He believed he was unpopular with the crowd.D． He thought his horse wasn't as good as the others.11． When the final race finished, nobody cheered because ________．A． the audience didn't like CowboyB． people envied the writerC． the win was unexpectedD． the writer had run out of time12． What did the writer learn from his experience?A． Life can sometimes be unfair.B． Anything is possible if one tries hard enough.C． A positive attitude will bring success.D． One should not make judgments based on appearance.DNeither television nor radio nor magazines nor books nor any other medium can begin to match newspapers for depth and breadth of coverage( 新闻报导 ). In fact, all these media themselves depend on newspapers to bring them information that they then process and distribute as their own brand of news.Now many newspapers are locked in a struggle for survival.If they lose — which is by no means impossible—we all lose.The great task for editors and publishers is to respond to the competitive challenge caused by online news, and at the same time use their own online news to increase their profits(利润 ). As yet ， they haven't figured out a smooth and sure way to do that.So they cut some more to get profit.The cuts in size that they are making are in some cases risky and in others without considering the results.With every cut, publishers tirelessly argue that readers won't even know the difference.The trouble is that by the time customers do notice that they are getting less for their money， it will be too late —too late to notice the reduction in the number of readers.The other big cuts, of course, are in staff(职工). The victims would be the oldest and most experienced workers because they are the highest paid. While there is plenty of tired deadwoodamong them， there is also a lot of talent.When experienced staff leave in large numbers—as they often do now—the newspaper loses great professional memory. But the real loser is the readers, who are suddenly robbed of theinsights( 见解 ) that only the experienced reporters can bring.As for the future, there is at least one big, bright sign：intelligent young people will continue to flood into journalism in urgent search of jobs, despite its high demands and modest( 不太高的 ) pay.13．The underlined word“deadwood” in Paragraph 5 may refers to“________”．A． the staff who are going to retireB． workers who are experiencedC． people who are no longer useful or neededD． reporters who are tired of covering events14． According to the passage，which of the following can best describe the author's attitude towards the ways the editors and publishers have adopted to get profit?A． The author has no objection.B． The author opposes them.C． The author regards them reasonable.D． The author has not shown it explicitly.15． Who will be the real loser if newspapers lose according to the passage?A． Publishers. B．Readers. C．Editors. D．Writers.第二节 ( 共 5 小题；每题 2 分，满分10 分 )依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。

高二年级英语试卷（附答案）高二年级第一学期期中考试英语试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

第Ⅰ卷（共105分）I. Listening Comprehension (30分)Part A Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversations, a question will be asked about what said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about is, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Don’t use ice B. Be niceC. Boil the water firstD. Lose some weight2. A. 6:30 B. 7:30 C. 7:00 D. 6:003. A. Attending the concert. B. Visiting some friends.C. Studying for a quiz.D. Getting over an illness.4. A. Sell trousers for her husband.B. Make these trousers a bit smaller.C. Exchange the trousers for larger onesD. Work as a shop assistant at this store.5. A. The man is too tired to go shopping.B. The woman wants to go shopping.C. The man wants to go shopping.D. The woman doesn’t want to go shopping.6. A. She would like some soup.B. She’s inviting the man to lunchC. She wants to know if the man likes chicken.D. She ate lunch earlier.7. A. He doesn’t ha ve any more time.B. It doesn’t bother him to wait.C. He’s never had to wait before.D. He hasn’t see anyone before.8. A. Go to Paul’s party. B. Mail an invitation to Paul.C. Have a party for Paul.D. Ask Paul to tell her where they live.9. A. He has never seen Bill run. B. He has a track star in school.C. Bill is a very fast runnerD. Bill can only run 400 meters.10. A. On a ship. B. At an airport.C. On a airplaneD. At a hotel.Part B PassagesDirections: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Viewing football games. B. Watching a football match.C. Interview with football playersD. Types of college cheers.12. A. Attend the game. B. Find someone to sing with.C. Watching the game on television.D. Run to the track.13. A. Photographing the stadium. B. Spectators’ enthusiasm.C. Watching the ball.D. Players’ reactions.Question 14 through 15 are based on the following passage.14. A. Her father. B. Her teacher.C. Her grandfather.D. Her mother.15. A. Grace’s first job. B. Grace’s family.C. Grace’s doll.D. Grace’s teacher.Part C Longer Conversations (one or two words)16. The speakers and his wife got around London __________.17. It was very __________ for them to do most of their sightseeing on foot.18. It often __________ in London.19. They __________ English food.20. They’ve decided to go __________ again this year as they enjoyed their holiday very much.Ⅱ. Grammar （20分）Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices maker A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1. This kind of medicine will be ______useful if you don’t see them clearly.A. mistaken for to beB. mistaken forC. mistaken for beingD. mistaken about being2. When you read books ,you’d better make a mark______________ you have any questions.A. at the placeB. in whichC. whichD. where3. The study of the natural world may help to make the worldeasier______________.A. to be understoodB. to understandC. understandingD. understood4. They kept us ________ with all kinds of books.A. suppliedB. offeredC. givenD. ordered5. Do you think it any good ________your parents with such small mattersA. worrying aboutB. worryingC. to worry aboutD. to worry6. Lost time can hardly be ____________.A. made up forB. made upC. made up ofD. made into7. You should make yourself ___________ what the teacher says in class.A. understandB. understandingC. understoodD. to understand 8． He got rich __________ raising horses.A. by the way ofB. by means ofC. inD. through9. Only one of these places is____________.A. worth to visitB. worth visitingC. worth being visitedD. visiting10. _________is more important is to learn how to use these phrases freely in our daily lives instead of just keeping them stored in minds.A. ItB. ThereC. WhatD. Whether11. Many hospitals treat patients ______having them _______interesting hobbies.A. by…taking upB. l ike…picking upC. by…take upD. by…following12. A fire _________during the night and _________about two hours.A. broke away…lastedB. was broken away…lastedC. broke out…lastedD. broke out…last13. _______in big cities, the children haven’t got used to _______ hard in the country.A. Born…workingB. Being born…workingC. They were born…workD. To be born…work14. They young man has to ___________ food and clothes ___________his family.A. provide…withB. give… withC. supply…withD. provide…for15. Could you help me I have trouble _____ his passage _____ Chinese.A. to translate, intoB. translating, inC. in translating, intoD. to translate, in16. This kind of dog has a long tail, ________ rather like a wolf.A. looksB. lookedC. lookD. looking17. The woman ________ on is a famous writer.A. being operatedB. operatingC. operatedD. operate18. _________ can be seen from his skin, he must be fromAfrica.A. WhoB. WhichC. AsD. That19. Your article _________, but it _________.A.needn’t rewritten…… needs shorteningB.needn’t be rewritten…… needs to be shortenC.needn’t be rewritten…… needs to be shorte nedD.doesn’t need to be rewriting…… needs to be shortened20. We have invited Peter to the party, ________I believe will tell us jokes.A. whomB. thatC. whoD. by whomIII. Cloze（20分）Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Abraham Lincoln was born in Kentucky on February 12，1809. He was the son of a 1 family. His childhood was 2 on hard work.. He received 3 school education. He used to be a storekeeper, postmaster and lawyer. He was 4 in politics, and strongly 5 slavery. In 1860, Abraham Lincoln was 6 president of the United States. He worked even harder for 7 for the slaves. 8 by his enemies, he was 9 on April 14,1865. Abraham Lincoln was 10 as one of the greatest of all American presidents.1． A. rich B. expensive C. cheap D. poor2. A. taken B. spent C. cost D. spending3. A. little B. much C. fewer D. many4 A. passive B. lazy C. attractive D. active5. A. for B. fought C. against D. oppose6. A. elected B. electing C. praised by D. met by7. A. free B. freedom. C. happiness D. hard work8. A. Hating B Hated C. To hate D. To be hated9. A. beaten B. shorting C. shorten D. shot10 A. regarded B. regarding C. thought D. considering(B)Consider these situations: You have just read an excellent book and want to tell a friend about it. You have seen an exciting movie and want to __11__ your instructor to go to see it. You have heard an inspiring lecture, and want to __12__ your new found knowledge with a roommate who didn’t attend the lecture.How to give this type of __13__ You could tell everything you __14__ about the book, movie, or lecture, but you will probably just want to select the __15__ points and tell these to your listener. This, of course, is called summarizing(概括).To create a good summary—one that is both accurate and brief(简洁)—you need to follow two steps. First, __16__ information by reading, taking notes, or listening carefully so that your summary is as brief as possible but still accurate and _17__. Your audience will help you decide how thorough you need to be. If you give your summary to __18__, perhaps for an examination, it will need to be extremely complete __19__ accurate. You will need to keep in mind any _20__ your instructor might have given you during the lecture to indicate what he or she considers especially important. If you are summarizing a movie for a friend, you can be less thorough. Part of the task of summarizing is knowing what to include and what to leave out.11. A. request B. remind C. persuade D. expect12. A. share B. talk C. show D. discuss13. A. knowledge B. information C. instruction D. technology14. A. write down B. remember C. believe D. prepare15. A. lead B. impressive C. good D. major16. A. send B. analyze C. receive D. gather17. A. readable B. related C. complete D. acceptable18. A. an instructor B. a friend C. your family D. your audience19. A. but B. or C. as well as D. instead of20. A. talks B. passages C. points D. storiesIV. Reading Comprehension （35分）Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statement. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that first best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)A man had to go to the court(法庭), and he asked his lawyer which judge would be hearing his case(案件). His lawyer told him and then said, “Do you know him”The man answered, “No, but I want to know his name so that I can send him some valuable gifts. ” The lawyer got unhappy. “You can’t do that,” he said “If you should do tha t, you would be breaking the law seriously, and you should be sure to lose the case.” Some weeks later the case was heard, and the man won it. As he was leaving the court, he said to the lawyer, “My present, w hich was sent to the judge, was quite successf ul, wasn’t it”The lawyer was even more surprised and angry, and said, “What Did you really send him some valuable gifts after what Itold you”“Yes, certainly.” answered the man. “But I put my enemy’s name on the card which I sent with the presents.”1. The man ___________________________.A. had a friendly relationship(关系) with the judgeB. and the judge didn’t know each otherC. was a good friend of the judgeD. had once left a good impression on the judge before the case2. The man wanted to know the ju dge’s name because he ___________.A. wanted to explain the case to the judgeB. wanted to give him some expensive presentsC. would like to make friends with the judgeD. wanted to know whether the judge was fair3. The man won the case because_______________________.A. the judge thanked him for his valuable giftsB. the judge was satisfied with his presentsC. the man had sent the judge some gifts in the name of his opponent(对手)D. the judge was not a good one4. From this story we would draw a conclusion that_______________.A. with the money you can do everythingB. the law was unfairC. the law was fair to everybodyD. the man was good at playing tricks(B)The best known building in Washington . is the White House, home of American president since 1800. The . president workshere, in the “Oval Office”, but the White House is also a family home.The wife of John Adams, the second U. S. president, used to dry her wet clothes in the East Room. President Truman had a piano next to his desk and President Kennedy's children used to play under his office windows.Next well-known building is the Capitol. The 535 members of Congress meet here to discuss the nation's business. It is easy to get lost in this huge building, full of paintings and statues.From the Capitol there is a great view down the grassy Mall, and across a pool of water to the Lincoln Memorial(in memory of the 16th president, Abraham Lincoln). It looks like a beautiful walk, but you need a good pair of shoes because it is, in fact, a long long way.Most people know about the government buildings of Washington D. C. However, there are also some important museums. You can see all kinds of things. These include spaceships, the dresses of presidents wives, the largest blue diamond in the world, and the biggest elephant on record(filled with enough materials, of course).5．The best title of the passage is __________.A．The Best Known Buildings in Washington B．Buildings in the United States C．Washington D. C. D．The U. S. Presidents and Washington6．“Oval Office” is a place where the U. S. __________.A．presidents work B．presidents' families liveC．presidents and their families work and live D．presidents' wives use7．The Capitol is ___________.A．in the White House B．a place to get people lostC．a very huge building D．the nation's business building 8．The Lincoln Memorial ___________.A．was built to remember Lincoln B．was in the CapitolC．was a beautiful wall D．was a long, long way from the Capitol(C)Most musicians agree that the best violins were first made in Italy. They were made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago. These violins sound better than any others. They even sound better than violins made today. Violin makers and scientists try to make instruments like the old Italian violins. But they aren't the same. Musicians still prefer the old ones. No one really knows why these old Italian violins are so special, but many people think they have an answer.Some people think it is the age of the violins. They say that today's violins will also sound wonderful someday. But there is a problem here. Not all old violins sound wonderful. Only those from Cremona are special. So age cannot be the answer. There must be something different about Cremona or those Italian violin makers.Other people think the secret to those violins is the wood. The wood of the violin is very important. It must be from certain kinds of trees. It must not be too young or too old. Perhaps the violin makers of Cremons knew something special about wood for violins.But the kind of wood may not be so important. It may be more important to cut the wood in a special way. Wood for a violin must be cut very carefully. It has to be the right size and shape. The smallest difference will change the sound of the violin. Musicians sometimes think that this was the secret of the Italians.Maybe they understood more than we do about how to cut the wood.Size and shape may not be the answer either. Scientists measured these old violins very carefully. They can make new ones that are exactly the same size and shape. But the new violins still do not sound as good as the old ones. Some scientists think the secret may be the varnish, which covers the wood of the violin. Makers used it to make the violin look shiny. It also helps the sound of the instrument. No one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish. So no one can make the same varnish today.There may never be other violins like the violins of Cremona. Their secret may be lost forever. Young musicians today hope this is not true. They need fine violins. But there aren't very many of the old violins left. Also, the old violins are very expensive. Recently, a famous old Italian violin was sold for about US ＄300, 000! 9．This Passage is about ________.A．making violins B．musical instrumentsC．scientific ideas D．the old Italian violins10．The best violins _______.A．are made with modern techniques B．were lost many years ago C．were made in Italy 200 years ago D．were made by scientists 11．Some people think that modern violins ______.A．will sound better in the futureB．will sound worse in the futureC. sound wonderful naturallyD．will never be as old as those from Cremona12．Violins made today ________.A．look the same as the old ones B．sound the same as the old onesC．are better than the old ones D．have the same varnish as the old ones(D)She was a very special woman. She was really good at water-divining and she used to find water on the poorest bits of land. The farmers loved her, especially as she never accepted money for water-divining. “Water will always find its own level, ” she would say, “and I know exactly where that level is. Water-divining is a gift from God and you don't accept any payment for that.” She had a gift for noticing changes in the weather, too. “It's going to rain soon, ” she would say, “I can feel it in my bone. The things I remember most about my childhood were my visit to my Aunt Charlotte in her lovely country houses, ” and she was always right! In her later years, she developed a bad back and often visited her doctor. She's never tired of telling us that her doctor said, as he treated her painful back, “It's going to rain, Charlotte. I can feel it in your bones.”13. From the passage we may know “water-divining” means __________.A. discovering where there is water under the earthB. finding out where water will goC. deciding which land needs waterD. finding water by asking God14．Why did the farmers love CharlotteA. She was sent by God to them.B. She was a very special woman.C. She never asked for money after water-divining.D. she knew water's level and could find the level.15．It seemed that __________.A. the writer often helped his aunt in the countryB. Charlotte knew everything from her doctorC. Charlotte's doctor was a better water-divinerD. Charlotte had a natural ability to tell the coming rain16．From the passage we can know Charlotte was a __________ woman.A．kind-hearted B．superstitious (迷信) C．dishonest D．noble-mindedEWhen my first wife and I began the school, we had one main idea: to make the school fit the child---instead of making the child fit the school.I had taught in ordinary schools for many years. I knew the other way well. I knew it was all wrong. It was wrong because it was based on an adult's idea of what a child should be and of how a child should learn.Well, we set out to make a school in which we should allow children freedom to be themselves. In order to do this, we had to give up all rules, all direction, all suggestion, all moral training. We have been called brave, but it did not require courage. All I required was what we had---a complete belief in the child as a good, not a evil, being. For over forty years, this belief in the goodness of the child has never changed; it rather has become a final faith.My view is that a child is innately（天生的）wise. If left to himself without adult suggestion of any kind, he will develop as far as he is capable of developing. Logically, Summerhill is a place in which children who have the innate ability and wish to be scholars will be scholars; while those who are only fit to sweep the streets will sweep the streets. But we have not produced a street cleaner so far. For me, I would rather see a school producea happy street cleaner than an absent-minded professor.did people think the writer was braveA. Because he set some specially strict rules for children.B. Because he knew the children would be spoiled without being controlled with a firm hand.C. Because he tried his best to carry out changes in the school system.he fought against the others bravely.the writer needed "to make the school fit the child" was -----.A. the courage from the headmaster of his schoolB. a strong belief in the child as a clever oneC. that he had to train his students to be scholarsD. the devoted spirit from the childrenof the following is TRUEA. All the teachers were actively engaged in carrying out social changes.B. Those who wanted to enter Summerhill should have a moral testC. Summerhill refers to the school where the writer taught at.D. The writer of this passage was one who had given up his bad ways andwas then living a good life.of the following does the writer NOT imply（暗示；隐含） in this passageA. The writer worked in an experimental school.B. A few of the students graduated from the writer's school became street cleaners.C. The wrier was one of the founders of Summerhill.D. Those people studying in Summerhill who wish to bescholars might be scholars.第Ⅱ卷（共45分）V. Translation （20分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1．今天人们已经逐渐意识到学好英语的重要性。

廊坊市2016年中考英语试题及答案注意事项：1.本试卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟。

请用蓝、黑色水笔或圆珠笔直接答在试卷上。

2.答卷前请将密封线内的项目填写清楚。

3.听力部分共包括两小节，第一节在卷I中，第二节在卷II。

完成第一节后，请根据录音指令, 在卷II完成第二节。

卷1（选择题，共80分）听力部分（第一节）I.听句子，选出句子中所包含的信息.（共5小题，每小题l分，计5分）1. A. price B. palace C. practice2. A. 3:15 B. 3:45 C, 4:153. A. take a walk B. read a book C. give a talk4. A. He loves math B. He hates math. C. He teachers math.5. A. The speaker is sad about the news.B.The speaker is surprised at the newsC.The speaker is angry about the news.II.听句子，选出该句的最佳答语。

（共5小题，每小题1分，计5分）6. A. This is Bob Smith. B. Hold on, please. C. I'll ring him later.7. A. I feel relaxed B. I eat mea1. C.I like to exercise.8. A. Thanks a lot. B. Nice to meet you. C. Take it easy9. A. Let me try. B. Yes, please. C. That's right10. A. You're welcome. B. Surely you on do it. C. Sony, but I'm busy now.m.听对话和问题，选择正确答案（共8分）14. A. Read Page 10. B. Copy a text. C. Write a diary15. A. By Monday. B. By Tuesday. C. By Wednesday.16. A $200. B $ 300. C$50017. A. A light computer. B. A heavy computer. C. A big computer.18. A. Black. B. Red. C. Blue.N.听短文和问题，选择正确答案。