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第13课 英国的新生测试题

第13课 英国的新生测试题
第13课 英国的新生测试题

第13课英国的新生

一、选择题

1.“16世纪以后,世界贸易集中地逐渐转向大西洋和西北欧——经济力量的转移预示着新大国的兴起。”文中的“新大国”是指( )

A.西班牙

B.葡萄牙

C.美国

D.英国

2.英国资产阶级革命的领导阶级是( )

A.资产阶级和农场主

B.资产阶级和新贵族

C.新贵族和商人

D.农场主与新贵族

3.17世纪英国革命期间产生了一个意外的局面,革命因反抗一个人的专制开始,却造成了另一个人的独裁。这里的“一个人”和“另一个人”分别是指( )

A.詹姆士一世、克伦威尔

B.查理一世、克伦威尔

C.查理一世、詹姆士一世

D.查理二世、詹姆士二世

4.法国人不知道拿破仑,美国人不知道华盛顿着实可笑。一个英国人也理应知道克伦威尔。学习了英国资产阶级革命的历史,请你判断下列哪项与克伦威尔无关( )

A.领导议会军,打败王军

B.自任“护国主”

C.发动“宫廷政变”

D.在位期间实行有利于大资产阶级和新贵族的政策

5.有同学对英国资产阶级革命的过程作了一首歌谣以便记忆:“君权神授盛行,国王专横不减,查理一世筹款,克伦威尔揭竿……”请按先后顺序继续编排以下内容( )

①资产阶级不满②专制国王被斩

③丈人被婿所赶④查理二世重返

A.②④①③B.①②④③C.②③④①D.③②①④

6.右图是为纪念历史上一部重要文献颁布300周年而发行的纪念币,这部重要文献是

近代西方代议制民主政体确立的标志。下列属于这部重要文献内容的是( )

①奴隶可以买卖,可用来抵债②国王必须依法行使权力,无权废除法律

③国王征税需经议会同意④全体成年男性公民可以参加公民大会

⑤国王有权废除法律⑥议员有政治活动的自由

A.①②③

B.④⑤⑥

C.②③⑥

D.③⑤⑥

7.《西游记》里面孙悟空被套上了“紧箍咒”之后,做事不能够胆大妄为,从17世纪末开始英国国王开始被套上“紧箍咒”,这里的“紧箍咒”主要指( )

A.光荣革命的胜利

B.《权利法案》的颁布

C.开处死国王的先例

D.进行议会改革

8. 1762年,英国议员约翰·威尔克斯主持的《苏格兰人报》刊出谴责政府对外政策并攻击国王乔治三世的文章,英王授意政府将其逮捕并指使下院通过决议剥夺其议员资格。英王的做法( )

A.受到社会各界的普遍支持

B.违背了《权利法案》的规定

C.正当行使了英王的权力

D.维护了英国政府的权威

9.右图漫画说明英国确立了新的政体,确立这一政体的法律文献是( )

A.《权利法案》B.《人权宣言》

C.《汉谟拉比法典》D.《解放黑人奴隶宣言》

10.“议会除了不能使一个女人变成男人和使一个男人变成女人之外,能够做一

切的事情”;“英国革命前是国王的议会,革命后是议会的国王”。上述两则材料

所反映的共同主题是( )

A.议会权力至高无上B.议会与国王权力平等

C.王权大于议会的权力D.议会受到内阁的制约

二、非选择题

11.阅读下列材料,回答问题:

王权像是一株根枝蔓延的大树,如果只砍去树枝,而任其主干和树根不动,它还是会再生并恢复新的力量……当这种王权由一个名叫查理者掌握时,各界人民同声怨其压迫……于是你们这些缙绅,在你们集议于议会时,号召穷苦老百姓来援助你们。暴政的树梢砍掉了,寄生在这一人身上的王权推倒了。但是天啊!压迫的大树依然存在,自由的阳光仍然照不到穷苦的老百姓身上。

——《世界近代史资料选辑》

(1)这则材料反映的是哪个国家的情况?

(2)“查理”“缙绅”各指什么?

(3)“暴政的树梢砍掉了”“压迫的大树依然存在”各指什么?

12.阅读下列材料,回答问题:

材料一康熙皇帝说:“今天下大小事务,皆朕一人亲理,无可旁贷。若将要务分任于他人,则断不可行。所以无论巨细,朕必躬自断制。”

材料二英国首相威廉〃皮特说:“即使是最穷的人,在他的小屋里也敢于对抗国王的权威。屋子可能很破旧,屋顶可能摇摇欲坠;风可以吹进这所房子,雨可以打进这所房子,但是国王不能踏进这所房子,他的千军万马也不敢跨过这间破房子的门槛。”

(1)当时中英两国在社会制度和君主的权力上有什么不同?

(2)材料二所述的情景与哪一部重要文献的颁布有关?该文献的颁布对英国有什么影响?此后,在英国的政治生活中,英王与议会的关系如何?

三、活动探究

13.九年级某历史兴趣小组绘制了下列图表,并对以下问题进行了探究,请你也参与进来吧:

(1)该图表反映了哪个国家的哪一历史事件?

(2)该历史事件有什么特点?这种特点说明了什么问题?

(3)写出A处的时间和B处的事件名称。

(4)该图表反映的这一历史事件有何历史影响?

答案解析

1.【解析】选D。本题考查学生的分析能力。随着新航路的开辟,世界贸易中心由地中海沿岸转移到了大西洋沿岸,西班牙、葡萄牙相继衰落,而此时美国尚未出现。

2.【解析】选B。资产阶级和新贵族都迫切要求发展资本主义,然而,英国斯图亚特王朝反动的封建专制统治严重地阻碍着资本主义的发展,1640年11月,资产阶级和新贵族结成反对派,要求限制王权,从而革命爆发。

3.【解析】选B。本题考查学生的比较、分析能力。1640年11月,因国王查理一世推行专制统治而爆发英国资产阶级革命;查理一世被处死后,克伦威尔执掌大权,用武力驱散议会,实行军事独裁统治。

4.【解析】选C。本题考查学生的分析与比较能力。克伦威尔作为资产阶级革命的领导人,曾经领导议会

军打败国王军队,取得胜利。共和国成立后,执掌大权的克伦威尔竭力维护大资产阶级和新贵族的利益。1653年,还用武力驱散议会,就任“护国主”,所以,A、B、D三项是正确的。宫廷政变的时间是1688年,此时克伦威尔早已病故,故C项不正确。

5.【解析】选A。本题考查学生的再认再现能力。1649年,查理一世被推上断头台,克伦威尔掌握了共和国的政权;克伦威尔病死后,查理二世复辟,对革命进行疯狂的报复;詹姆士二世即位后,进一步推行反动政策,资产阶级和新贵族发动宫廷政变,推翻詹姆士二世的统治,新国王由詹姆士二世的女儿和女婿共同担任。

6.【解析】选C。本题考查学生的识图、识记和分析能力。依据图片中的“1689”可知,该文献是英国的《权利法案》,《权利法案》规定,国王必须依法行使权力,无权废除法律,征税需经议会同意,议员有政治活动的自由。

7.【解析】选B。本题考查学生理解和知识迁移能力。1689年英国颁布的《权利法案》从诸多方面对王权进行限制,使其逐步处于“统而不治”的地位,也就是给其套上了“紧箍咒”。

8.【解析】选B。1689年英国议会通过的《权利法案》规定国王必须依法行使权力,议员有政治活动的自由等。据此分析,英王授意政府将约翰〃威尔克斯逮捕并指使下院通过决议剥夺其议员资格的做法违背了《权利法案》之规定。

9.【解析】选A。本题考查学生的理解能力。1689年,英国确立了资产阶级君主立宪制,国王的权力受到了大大限制。故选A。B属于法国,C属于古巴比伦,D属于美国。

10.【解析】选A。本题考查学生的分析、理解能力。1689年,英国议会通过的《权利法案》以法律的形式对国王的权力进行了明确的制约,上述两则材料所述的情形都出现在《权利法案》通过以后,它们所反映的共同主题是议会的权力至高无上。

11.【解析】本题考查学生的理解、辨析能力,注意题中的关键信息“查理”“你们集议于议会时,号召穷苦老百姓来援助”然后作出判断。这则材料反映的是英国资产阶级革命时期的状况,虽然处死了国王查理一世,但克伦威尔掌握政权后,仍实行军事独裁统治。

答案:(1)资产阶级革命时期的英国。

(2)查理一世,资产阶级和新贵族。

(3)1649年处死查理一世。共和国成立后,克伦威尔掌握了国家大权。不久,他驱散议会,就任“护国主”,进一步巩固了资产阶级和新贵族的统治。

12.【解析】本题主要考查学生运用所学知识解决问题的能力。《权利法案》确定议会为国家的最高权力机关,王权受到法律限制,它的通过,标志着一个新的资产阶级君主立宪制政权在英国建立起来;同时期的中国正处于清朝,皇帝至高无上,总揽全国一切军政大权。结合所学知识进行解答。

答案:(1)社会制度不同:中国是封建社会,英国是资本主义社会;君主权力不同:中国是君主专制,英国国王只是象征,徒有虚名。(符合题意即可)

(2)《权利法案》。标志着一个新的资产阶级君主立宪制政权在英国建立起来。英国虽然保留了王位,但王权受到法律限制,国家政权实际由议会执掌。

13.【解析】本题考查学生的识图、识记和探究分析能力。第(1)、(3)题比较简单,结合教材内容即可作答。回答第(2)、(4)题可作如下思考:17世纪的英国,资本主义虽然有了长足的发展,但毕竟处在工场手工业阶段,这一时代特征决定了这场革命的阶级力量对比,即封建势力还大于资产阶级的力量,因此,也就从根本上决定了这场革命的长期性和曲折性;新势力战胜旧势力、新事物取代旧事物,必然是一个曲折和反复的过程,这是社会发展的规律;尽管如此,这场革命使得资产阶级在欧洲的一个大国确立了其统治地位,迎来了自己的新时代。

答案:(1)英国。资产阶级革命。

(2)具有长期性、曲折性和艰难性。说明了资产阶级的软弱性、妥协性和资产阶级革命的不彻底性。

(3)1640年。宫廷政变(或“光荣革命”)。

(4)英国资产阶级通过革命推翻了封建统治,确立了自己的统治地位,为资本主义发展扫清了道路。(意思相近即可)

英国文学期末复习题目

I. Each of the following below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would bet complete the statement. 1. The long poem ______ in Anglo-Saxon period was termed England’s national epic. A. The Canterbury Tales B. Paradise Lost C. The Song of Beowulf D. The Fairy Queen 2. Romance, which uses verse or prose to describe the adventures and life of the knights, is the popular literary form in ______. A. Romanticism B. Renaissance C. medieval period D. Anglo-Saxon period 3. Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of____. A. Piers Plowman B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight C. Confessio Amantis D. The Canterbury Tales 4. _______ is regarded as the father of English poetry. A. Geoffrey Chaucer B. Edmund Spenser C. John Milton D. W. Wordsworth 5. It is _____ alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life. A. Geoffrey Chaucer B. Martin Luther C. William Shakespeare D. John Gower 6. One of Chaucer’s main contributions to English poetry is ______. A. he introduced the rhymed stanzas from France to English poetry B. he created striking brilliant panorama of his time and his country C. he wrote in blank verse D. he was the first to write sonnet 7. During the Renaissance, _______ was the first one to introduce the sonnet into English poetry. A. Chaucer B. John Donne C. Thomas Wyatt D. Earl of Surrey 8. During the Renaissance, _______ wrote the first English blank verse. A. Chaucer B. Edmund Spencer C. Thomas Wyatt D. Earl of Surrey 9. Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaissance Movement? A. The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture B. The new discoveries in geography and astrology C. The Glorious revolution D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion 10. The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events. Which one of the following is NOT such an event? A. The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B. England’s domestic rest C. New discovery in geography and astrology. D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion. 11. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between ______ and ______ centuries. A. 14th...mid-17th B. 14th...mid-18th C. 16th...mid-18th D. 16th...mid-17th 12. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is_______. A. science B. philosophy C. arts D. humanism 13. _______ frequently applied conceits in his poems. A. Edmund Spenser B. John Donne C. William Blake D. Thomas Gray 14. _______ is known as “the poet’s poet”. A. William Shakespeare B. Christopher Marlowe C. Edmund Spenser D. John Donne 15. Romance,which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of____ adventures or other heroic deeds,is a popular literary form in the medieval period. A. Christian B. knightly C. pilgrims D. primitive 16. ________ and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanism. A. Edmund Spenser, Christopher Marlowe B. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe

英国文学史及选读__期末试题及答案

考试课程:英国文学史及选读考核类型:A 卷 考试方式:闭卷出卷教师: XXX 考试专业:英语考试班级:英语xx班 I.Multiple choice (30 points, 1 point for each) select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1._____,a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest B.The trochee C.The iamb D.The dactyl 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7.“O prince, O chief of my throned powers, /That led th’ embattled seraphim to war/Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds/Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual king”In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise Los t, the phrase“thy conduct”refers to _____conduct. A.God’s B.Satan’s C.Adam’s D.Eve’s

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2019-2020年九年级历史上册第13课英国的新生导学案川教版【课标要求】 简述《权利法案》的基本内容,初步了解英国资产阶级革命的历史影响。 【教学目标】识记与理解:记住英国资产阶级革命爆发和“光荣革命”的时间;理解英国资产阶级革命爆发的原因和《权利法案》的内容;概述英国资产阶级革命的经过;认识克伦威尔在英国历史上的作用 重点难点 一、重点:英国资产阶级革命爆发的原因;《权利法案》的内容和作用。 二、难点:英国资产阶级革命的曲折性;对克伦威尔的评价 【预习案】 1.王朝反动的封建专制统治严重地阻碍着资本主义的发展。 2.年11月,的重新召开,揭开了英国资产阶级革命的序幕。 3.1660年5月将流亡国外的查理迎回英国,扶上了王位,称, 复辟。 4.继承王位后,进一步推行反动政策,复辟封建制度。年6月,资产阶级和新贵族联合其他反王朝力量发动宫廷政变,推翻了国王的统治,邀请他在荷兰执政的女婿到英国当国王,其妻玛丽为女王,史称“”。 【合作探究】 1.17世纪中期的英国为什么会发生资产阶级革命呢? 2.革命爆发的根本原因是什么?英国资产阶级革命经历了怎样的曲折过程呢? 3.英国资产阶级革命经历了怎样的曲折过程呢? 4.斯图亚特王朝为什么会复辟?复辟的斯图亚特王朝为什么又被资产阶级和新贵族的发动宫庭政变而推翻呢? 5.议会通过《权利法案》的主要目的是什么?《权利法案》最核心的内容是什么?《权利法案》的颁布有什么历史作用?

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