英语派生词归纳
高考资料—高中英语词汇练习（答案篇）
英语派生词归纳
（参照普通高中英语课程标准词汇表）
一、根据提示写出下列单词的派生词
二、写出下列单词的名词
1. absent ---- absence
2. accurate ---- accuracy
3. achieve ---- achievement
4. adjust ---- adjustment
5. admit ---- admission
6. affect ---- effect
7. advertise ---- advertisement 8. advise ---- advertisement
9. agent ---- agency 10. analyse ---- analysis
11. apologize ---- apology
12. announce ---- announcement
13. appreciate ---- appreciation
14. argue ---- argument 15. arrange ---- arrangement 16. arrive ---- arrival
17. assess ---- assessment18. associate ---- association 19. assume ---- assumption
20. bleed ---- blood 21. blind ---- blindness
22. build ---- building
23. celebrate ---- celebration 24. behave ---- behavior 25. child ---- childhood
26. choose ---- choice 27. collect ---- collection
28. communicate --- communication
29. conclude ---- conclusion 30. congratulate ---- congratulation
31. connect ---- connection 32. construct ---- construction
33. contain ---- container 34. contribute ----
contribution
35. convenient ---- convenience 36. decide ---- decision
37. decorate ---- decoration 38. defend ---- defendence 39. describe---- description
40. develop ---- description 41. difficult ---- difficulty 42. disabled ---- disability
43. distant ---- distance 44. enter ---- entrance 45. equal ---- equality
46. equip ---- equipment 47. evident ---- evidence 48. examine ---- examination
49. exist ---- existence 50. expect ---- expectation 51. explain ---- explanation
52. express ---- expression 53. greet ---- greeting
54. grow ---- growth
55. fail ---- failure 56. feel ---- feeling
57. hungry ---- hunger
58. imagine ---- imagination 59. ill ---- illness
60. important ---- importance
61. impress ---- impression 62. independent ---- independence
63. inform ---- information 64. instruct ---- instruction 65. intelligent ---- intelligence
66. introduce ---- introduction 67. invite ---- invitation
68. judge ---- judgement 69. laugh ---- laughter 70. lose ---- loss
71. marry ---- marriage 72. mean ---- meaning 73. mix ---- mixture
74. move ---- movement 75. occupy ---- occupation 76. open ---- opening
77. operate ---- operation 78. permit ---- permission 79. pollute ---- pollution
80. press ---- pressure 81. proud ---- pride
82. prepare ---- preparation
83. pronounce ---- pronunciation
84. protect ---- protection
85. punish ---- punishment 86. record ---- recorder(机器)87. require ---- requirement
88. responsible ---- responsibility
89. review---- review
90. reserve ---- reservation 91. secure ---- security 92. shave ---- shaver
93. shop ---- shopping 94. sick ---- sickness
95. spell ---- spelling
96. starve ---- starvation 97. suggest ---- suggestion 98. survive ---- survival
99. tense ---- tension 100. think ---- thought 101. train ---- training
102. treat ---- treatment 103. violent ---- violence lo4. warm ---- warmth
105. weigh ---- weight 106. wise ---- wisdom 107. young ---- youth
108. know ---- knowledge 109. across ---- cross
110. confident ---- confidence
111. appoint ---- appointment 112. slave ---- slavery 113. birth ---- birthplace /birthday 114. social ---- socialism 115. weak ---- weakness 116. sharp ---- sharpener
117. dark ---- darkness 118. long ---- length
三、写出下列单词的形容词
1. centre ---- central
2. challenge ---- challenging
3. change ---- changeable / changeful
4. cheer ---- cheerful
5. cloud ---- cloudy
6. day ---- daily
7. danger ---- dangerous 8. delight ---- delighted
9. disturb ---- disturbing
10. dust ---- dusty 11. east ---- eastern
12. west ---- western
13. south ---- southern 14. north ---- northern
15. energy ---- energetic
16. enjoy ---- enjoyable 17. end ---- endless
18. bear ----unbearable
19. agriculture ----agricultural 20. face ---- facial
21. fantasy ---- fantastic 22. fool ---- foolish
23. forget ---- forgetful
24. gold ---- golden 25. health ---- healthy
26. humor ---- humorous
27. love ---- lovely 28. mistake ---- mistaken
29. nature ---- natural
30. noise ---- noisy 31. pain ---- painful
32. peace ---- peaceful
33. poison ---- poisonous 34. power ---- powerful
35. race ---- racial
36. rain ---- rainy 37. reason ---- reasonable 38. religion ---- religious
39. salt ---- salty 40. self ---- selfish
41. skill ---- skilled / skillful
42. snow ---- snowy 43. suit ---- suitable 44. technique ---- technical
45. tradition ---- traditional 46. trouble ---- troublesome 47. thank ---- thankful
48. universe ---- universal 49. value ---- valuable
50. wealth ---- wealthy
51. week ---- weekly 52. wind ---- windy
53. wool ---- woolen
54. world ---- worldwide 55. benefit ---- beneficial 56. sleep ---- sleepy / asleep
四、写出下列单词的动词
1. bath ---- bathe
2. large ---- enlarge
3. weak ---- weaken
4. sharp ---- sharpen
5. dark ---- darken
6. long ---- lengthen
五、写出下列单词的动作执行者（或和本动作有
关的人）。
1. architecture ---- architect
2. art ---- artist
3. astronomy ---- astronomer
4. business ---- businessman
5. clean ---- cleaner
6. crime ---- criminal
7. dance ---- dancer 8. design ---- designer 9. engine ---- engineer
10. farm ---- farmer 11. foreign ---- foreigner
12. host ---- hostess
13. hunt ---- hunter 14. lead ---- leader
15. novel ---- novelist
16. own ---- owner 17. piano ---- pianist
18. poem ---- poet
19. police ---- policeman 20. post ---- postman
21. prison ---- prisoner
22. rule ---- ruler 23. sing ---- singer
24. strange ---- stranger
25. teach ---- teacher 26. teenage ---- teenager
27. travel ---- traveler
28. village ---- villager 29. visit ---- visitor
30. win ---- winner
31. work ---- worker 32. library ---- librarian
33. wait ---- waitress
34. write ---- writer 35. report ---- reporter
六、写出下列单词的反义词
1. advantage ---- disadvantage
2. like（喜欢）---- dislike
3. legal ---- illegal
4. fit ---- unfit
七、常用国家或地区的派生词。
八、根据派生词进行语法填空。（动词要密切注意时态、语态、人称和非谓语动词）
1. Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer (discover) of radium. She and her husband had done lots of scientific (science) research before discovery (discover) radium.
2. Thomas Edison is considered one of the greatest inventors (invent) in the history. He had over 1000 inventions (invent) all his life.
3. Einstein is always believed to be one of the greatest scientists (science) in the 20th (20) century. He make great contributions (contribute) to modern science and technology.
4. I hear Liming can run 100 meters in 11 seconds. That’s really unbelievable (believe).
5. Don’t hesitate, John. You must make your own decision (decide) right now.
6. Can you give me a description (describe) of lost bag, sir? I’ll call you if I find it.
7. My English teacher always encourages (courage) us to do more speaking. He asks us not to feel discouraged (courage) even if we sometimes make mistakes. He also says that we should pay special attention to our pronunciation (pronounce) when speaking (speak) English.
8. The Great wall is one of the most famous tour attractions (attract) in China. It attracts (attract) a great number of foreigners (foreign).
9. I haven’t received an invitation (invite) of Liping’s wedding yet. I’m afraid I
won’t go to her wedding unless invited (invite).
10. The concert was a great success (succeed). The singers were singing beautifully (beauty), and all the musicians (music) were doing successfully (succeed).
11. The injured passengers were sent to the hospital immediately. But unfortunately (fortune), some of them lost their lives on the way t the hospital. All the people think that the careless (care) driver had heavy responsibility (responsible) for the accident.
12. Many fish have died from pollution (pollute) and many birds have died from polluted (pollute) air. a government official (office) says that we should take measures to prevent the environment (from)being polluted (pollute).
13. We all take pride (proud) in the fact that China has entered the World Trade Organization (organize). That means we can buy cheaper foreign products (produce) in the near future.
14. The criminal (crime) is in prison. You can’t see him without the permission (permit) of the police.
15. Personally (person) speaking, what the physician (physics) said at the conference was encouraging.
16. What you did just now made no difference (differ).
17. Man is short of natural (nature) resources now. They really require protecting / to be protected (protect).
18. Not only should we talk politely (polite) but also we should pay attention to our facial (face) expressions when communicating (communicate) with others.
19 The famous writer (write) is good at writing (write) detective stories. He has written (write) over 1000 detective stories since he began to write in 1995. The detective stories written (write) by him are popular all over the world.
20. Oh, the roast chicken really tastes (taste) delicious! I have never eaten such tasty (taste) dish.
21. I think we should strengthen (strong) the communication between teachers and students.
22. Martin Luther King is considered one of the greatest speakers (speak) in the 20th century. The speech (speak) he made on civil rights will always be remembered by people all over the world.
23. Mike got married (marry) last week. He decided to live with his parents after marriage (marry).
24. We can find a lot of information (inform) by surfing the Internet.
25. It is illegal (legal) to drive without a driving permit. Whoever drives without
a driving permit must be punished (punish) severely.
26. Look! The managers are having a heated discussion (discuss). The problem
being discussed (discuss) must be very important.
27. It was when he was seriously ill that he realized the importance (important) of health. In fact, everybody must be aware that health is the most important (important) for a person.
28. The prisoner (prison) has been in prison for years. How he longs for freedom (free).
29. At first, the Americans were mainly from European (Europe) countries. Later, more and more Asian (Asia) people migrated to the land.
30. Professor Smith, one of the famous educators (educate), once said, “One must have a good education (educate). An educated (educate) person can usually have
a better jo
b and lifestyle.”
31. The invention of electricity (electric) is really beneficial (benefit) to human.
32. Jet Le is an excellent actor (act). His wife, Lichi, is also a famous actress (act). They have both made great achievements (achieve) and contributions (contribute) film industry.
33. Liu Jun is good at doing English exams, but he is unable (able) to speak English well. In fact, we Chinese students should do more speaking to improve our speaking ability (able).
34. The woman is waiting for her husband with anxiety (anxious).
35. The surprising (surprise) news made all of us surprised (surprise).
36. Big cities usually have many amusements (amuse). In fact, there are many amusing (amuse) activities and people can feel amused (amuse) when joining in these activities.
37. The company has put on several job advertisements (advertise) in a newspaper looking for some construction designers (design).
38. The manager of the company is a non-smoker (smoke), so he doesn’t allow smoking (smoke) in the office.
39. He has drawn a conclusion (conclude) that one can’t succeed without confidence (confident).
40. The manager broke the silence (silent) and put forward some good suggestions (suggest).
41. Many Chinese people think that there are few celebrations (celebrate) in our traditional (tradition) festivals. They say they sometimes have a better time by celebrating (celebrate) western festivals.
42. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy (health), wealthy (wealth) and wise (wisdom).
43. His advice sounds certainly (certain) very good. But I am uncertain (certain) whether it is practical (practice) or not.
派生词（d e r i v a t i o n） 加前缀： happy --- un happy 加后缀： develop --- develop ment 既加前缀又加后缀： employ ---un employ ment 常见的否定前缀 anti- 相反，相 互对立加在名词、形容 词、动词前 antiwar反战的antipathy反感antithesis 对立；反论antibacterial 抗菌的antibody 抗体antisocial反社会的 de- 表示"去 掉，变 坏，离 开，变 慢，向下 "等加在名词前deforest砍伐森林devalue降低价值 decode破译detrain下火车degrade降级 ill- 不加在名词、形容词 前虐待ill-treat信息不足的ill-informed 不礼貌的ill-mannered non- 表示” 不,非”加在名词、形容 词、副词或作形容 词的分词上 nonexistent a.不存在的nonsmoking a.不 准吸烟的nonstop a.直达的 表示时间和其他关系的前缀 over- 超过加在动词、名词、形容词前overstudy n.用功过度 overwork n.过度劳累 overact v.表演过火 overdose n.药物过量 overproduction n.生产过 度 overcrowded a.挤满的 ex- 表示"前面的， 前任的" 加在名词前ex-wife前妻 ex-president前任总统 ex- 表示"出，出去" exclude排外expel赶出， 逐出expose暴露exalt 使升高extract抽出，拔 出
高考英语派生词归纳[ 参照普通高中英语课程标准词汇表]
二、写出下列单词的名词 1. absent ---- absence 2. accurate ---- accuracy 3. achieve ---- achievement 4. adjust ---- adjustment 5. admit ---- admission 6. affect ---- effect 7. advertise ---- advertisement 9. agent ---- agency 10. analyse ---- analysis 11. apologize ---- apology 12. announce ---- announcement 13. appreciate ---- appreciation 14. argue ---- argument 15. arrange ---- arrangement 16. arrive ---- arrival 17. assess ---- assessment 18. associate ---- association 19. assume ---- assumption 20. bleed ---- blood 21. blind ---- blindness 22. build ---- building 23. celebrate ---- celebration 24. behave ---- behavior 25. child ---- childhood 26. choose ---- choice 27. collect ---- collection 28. communicate --- communication 29. conclude ---- conclusion 30. congratulate ---- congratulation 31. connect ---- connection 32. construct ---- construction 33. contain ---- container 34. contribute ---- contribution 35. convenient ---- convenience 36. decide ---- decision 37. decorate ---- decoration 38. defend ---- defendence 39. describe---- description 40. develop ---- description 41. difficult ---- difficulty 42. disabled ---- disability 43. distant ---- distance 44. enter ---- entrance 45. equal ---- equality 46. equip ---- equipment 47. evident ---- evidence 48. examine ---- examination 49. exist ---- existence 50. expect ---- expectation 51. explain ---- explanation 52. express ---- expression 53. greet ---- greeting 54. grow ---- growth 55. fail ---- failure 56. feel ---- feeling 57. hungry ---- hunger 58. imagine ---- imagination 59. ill ---- illness 60. important ---- importance 61. impress ---- impression 62. independent ---- independence 63. inform ---- information 64. instruct ---- instruction 65. intelligent ---- intelligence 66. introduce ---- introduction 67. invite ---- invitation 68. judge ---- judgement 69. laugh ---- laughter 70. lose ---- loss 71. marry ---- marriage 72. mean ---- meaning 73. mix ---- mixture 74. move ---- movement 75. occupy ---- occupation 76. open ---- opening 77. operate ---- operation 78. permit ---- permission 79. pollute ---- pollution 80. press ---- pressure 81. proud ---- pride 82. prepare ---- preparation 83. pronounce ---- pronunciation 84. protect ---- protection 85. punish ---- punishment 86. record ---- recorder(机器)87. require ---- requirement 88. responsible ---- responsibility 89. review---- review 90. reserve ---- reservation 91. secure ---- security 92. shave ---- shaver 93. shop ---- shopping 94. sick ---- sickness 95. spell ---- spelling 96. starve ---- starvation 97. suggest ---- suggestion 98. survive ---- survival 99. tense ---- tension 100. think ---- thought 101. train ---- training 102. treat ---- treatment 103. violent ---- violence lo4. warm ---- warmth 105. weigh ---- weight 106. wise ---- wisdom 107. young ---- youth 108. know ---- knowledge 109. across ---- cross 110. confident ---- confidence 111. appoint ---- appointment 112. slave ---- slavery 113. birth ---- birthplace /birthday 114. social ---- socialism 115. weak ---- weakness 116. sharp ---- sharpener 117. dark ---- darkness 118. long ---- length 三、写出下列单词的形容词 1. centre ---- central 2. challenge ---- challenging 3. change ---- changeable / changeful 4. cheer ---- cheerful 5. cloud ---- cloudy 6. day ---- daily 7. danger ---- dangerous 8. delight ---- delighted 9. disturb ---- disturbing 10. dust ---- dusty 11. east ---- eastern 12. west ---- western 13. south ---- southern 14. north ---- northern 15. energy ---- energetic 16. enjoy ---- enjoyable 17. end ---- endless 18. bear ----unbearable 19. agriculture ----agricultural 20. face ---- facial 21. fantasy ---- fantastic 22. fool ---- foolish 23. forget ---- forgetful 24. gold ---- golden 25. health ---- healthy 26. humor ---- humorous 27. love ---- lovely 28. mistake ---- mistaken 29. nature ---- natural 30. noise ---- noisy 31. pain ---- painful 32. peace ---- peaceful 33. poison ---- poisonous 34. power ---- powerful 35. race ---- racial 36. rain ---- rainy 37. reason ---- reasonable 38. religion ---- religious
高考英语熟词生义词汇整理 从近几年的高考英语试题中可发现高考命题非常重视对常用词汇较少使用意义的考查，这个点能够从单项选择和完形填空中均可看出。很多考生因不懂这些熟词的“新含义”而出现思维堵塞的现象，这严重地影响了考生对题干乃至全文的准确理解，给他们造成了不应有的失分。英语中的一词多义现象是普遍存有的。下面举例近几年高考中出现的对这种词汇的考查： 例如：2001年全国卷中第26题： We didn't plan our art exhibition like that but it_____ very well． A．worked out B．tried out C．went on D．carried on 准确答案为A。此处work out的词义为“（情况）发展……”、“实行……”。 too hard. A. draw B. strike C. rush D. push(逼迫，敦促) 本来push表示推的意思。 A. received B. admitted(准许进入，准许加入俱乐部，组织等；接收入学) C, turned D. moved admit 本来表示承认 山东卷2009：-Do you have enough to _______all your daily expenses?
-Oh ,yes, enough and to spare..(闲置的，不用的，闲钱) A. cover (钱充足----之用) B. spend C, fill D. offer 2009湖北卷：Some parents are just too protective. They want to _______their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined. A. spot B. dismiss C, shelter( 保护，庇护) D. distinguish Shelter 本意：居所，住处，遮蔽物，庇护处 2008年山东卷：The fact that she never apologized________a lot about what kind of person she is . A. says (显示，表明) B. talks C. appears D. declares 2008湖北卷：Though having lived abroad for years , many Chinese still ________the traditional customs. A. perform B. possess C. observe(遵守规则，法律等) D. support 2009年山东卷完型填空41：I can still remember he was always wearing (流露，面带)a smile and willing to help. （2011浙江）9. The professor could tell by the _____ look in Maria’s eyes that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture. A. cold B. blank （“茫然 的”） C. innocent D. fresh A
派生词（derivation ） 加前缀： happy --- un happy 加后缀： develop --- develop ment 既加前缀又加后缀： employ ---un employ ment 常见的否定前缀 unhappy, unnecessary, unexpected, unusual, , 加在形容词或副词前不，未（= not) un- mistake, misfortune,不幸 misunderstanding 误解 加在名词、动词或及其派生词前 表示错、误 mis- discharge,排出 dismiss 解雇 加在名词或动词前表示分离剥夺除去dislike, disbelieve 加在动词前表示相反dishonour,羞辱 加在名词或形容词前表示否定 dis- 相反动作 incomplete, impossible. impolite, irregular, inability, 加在形容词或其派生 的名词或副词前 不， 非， 无 in- ，il-im-，ir-uncover, untie, unlock, undress 加在动词前 例 词 用 法 意 义 前 缀 anti- 相反，相互对立 加在名词、形容词、动词前 antiwar 反战的antipathy 反感antithesis 对立；反论antibacterial 抗菌的antibody 抗体 antisocial 反社会的 de- 表示"去掉，变坏，离开，变慢，向下"等 加在名词前 deforest 砍伐森林devalue 降低价值decode 破译detrain 下火车degrade 降级 ill- 不 加在名词、形容词前 虐待ill-treat 信息不足的ill-informed 不礼貌的ill-mannered non- 表示”不,非” 加在名词、形容词、副词或作形容词的分词上 nonexistent a.不存在的nonsmoking a.不准吸烟的nonstop a.直达的
英语中形容词的用法
英语中形容词的用法 定义 形容词是用来修饰名词的词，一般放在所修饰的名词前面。 作用 形容词在句中作定语，表语，宾语补足语。 她是一个好学生，她学习努力。She is a good student, and she works hard. 这辆自行车很贵。This bike is expensive. 对不起,我现在很忙。I am sorry, I'm busy now. 你为这次会议做好准备了吗? Have you got everything ready for the meeting? 在句中的位置 形容词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。如果有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，则由它们和被修饰的名词之间的密切程度而定，越密切的形容词越靠近名词。如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多则按音节少的形容词放在前面，音节多的形容词放在后面。 英语单词中something, anything, nothing 等不定代词被形容词修饰时，形容词放在不定代词后面。 I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事要告诉你。 Is there anything interesting in the film? 电影里有什么有趣的内容吗？ There is nothing dangerous here. 这儿一点都不危险。
由两个或两个以上的词组成的形容词词组修饰名词时须放在名词之后。 This is the book easy to read. 这是一本容易读的书。 用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。 Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting. 每一个人，男女老少，都应该参加会议。 You can take any box away, big or small. 这些箱子，不管大小，你都可以拿走。 比较级和最高级 绝大多数形容词有三种形式，原级，比较级和最高级，以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化 1)单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加-er 和-est 构成。 great (原级) greater(比较级) greatest(最高级) 2)以-e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-r 和-st 构成。 wide (原级) wider (比较级) widest (最高级) 3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er 和-est 构成。 clever(原级) cleverer(比较级) cleverest(最高级) 4)以-y 结尾,但-y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把-y 去掉,加上-ier 和-iest 构成.
高中英语课文必修一至选修八派生词小结 必修一 Unit 1 1. power n.力量; 权力powerful adj.强有力的 2. dust n.灰尘dusty adj.积满灰尘的 3. suffer v.遭受; 忍受; 经历sufferer n.患病者; 受苦者suffering n.痛苦; 折磨 4. exact adj.准确的; 精确的exactly adv.确切地; 恰恰 5. agree vi.同意agreement n.同意disagree vi.不同意 6. ignore vt.不理睬; 忽视ignorance n.无知; 愚昧ignorant adj.无知的 Unit 2 1. actual adj.实在的；真实的actually adv.实际上；事实上 2. office n.办公室official adj.官方的；正式的officer n.军官 3. fluent adj.流利的；流畅的fluently adv.流利地；流畅地. fluency n.流利；流畅 4. frequent adj.频繁的；常见的frequently adv.常常；频繁地frequency n.频繁；频率 5. express v.表示; 表达expression n.词语; 表示; 表达 6. east n.东方eastern adj.东方的; 东部的eastward(s) adv.向东 Unit 3 1. advantage n.有利条件; 优点disadvantage n.不利条件; 不便之处 2. graduate vi.毕业n.大学毕业生graduation n.毕业 3. determine v.决心; 决定determined adj.坚决的; 有决心的determination n.决心 4. persuade vt.说服; 劝说persuasion n.说服; 劝说persuasive adj.有说服力的; 劝说的 5. courage n.勇气, 精神encourage v.鼓励, 鼓舞encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的 16. rely v.依赖, 信赖reliable adj.可信赖的, 可靠的reliably adv. 可靠地 Unit 4 1. mine n.矿，矿山miner n.矿工 2. judge v.判断，judgement n.判断力 3. injure vt.损害; 伤害injury n.损害; 伤害injured adj.受伤的 4. congratulate v.祝贺; 恭喜congratulation n.祝贺; (复数)贺词 5.electric adj.电的; 导电的electricity n.电; 电流; 电学electrical adj.与电有关的 6. frighten v. (使)惊吓frightened adj.受惊的; 受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的Unit 5 1. devote vt.献身；专心于devotion n.忠实；忠诚devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的 2. guide vt.带领；引导guidance n.指导；领导，导游 3. equal adj.平等的equality n.平等equally adv.平等地 4. generous adj.慷慨的；大方的generosity n.慷慨；大方 5. active adj.有活力的action n.行动activity n.活动 6. violent adj.暴力的violence n.暴力，暴行 必修二 Unit 1 1. value n. 价值valuable adj. 贵重的；有价值 2. survive vi. 幸免；幸存；生还survival n. 幸免；幸存survivor n. 幸存者 3. amaze vt. 使吃惊；惊讶amazing adj. 令人吃惊的amazed adj. 感到吃惊的amazement n. 惊讶；惊奇
高中英语派生词归纳[ 参照普通高中英语课程标准词汇表]
二、写出下列单词的名词 1. absent ---- absence 2. accurate ---- accuracy 3. achieve ---- achievement 4. adjust ---- adjustment 5. admit ---- admission 6. affect ---- effect 7. advertise ---- advertisement 8. advise ---- advertisement 9. agent ---- agency 10. analyse ---- analysis 11. apologize ---- apology 12. announce ---- announcement 13. appreciate ---- appreciation 14. argue ---- argument 15. arrange ---- arrangement 16. arrive ---- arrival 17. assess ---- assessment 18. associate ---- association 19. assume ---- assumption 20. bleed ---- blood 21. blind ---- blindness 22. build ---- building 23. celebrate ---- celebration 24. behave ---- behavior 25. child ---- childhood 26. choose ---- choice 27. collect ---- collection 28. communicate --- communication 29. conclude ---- conclusion 30. congratulate ---- congratulation 31. connect ---- connection 32. construct ---- construction 33. contain ---- container 34. contribute ---- contribution 35. convenient ---- convenience 36. decide ---- decision 37. decorate ---- decoration 38. defend ---- defendence 39. describe---- description 40. develop ---- description 41. difficult ---- difficulty 42. disabled ---- disability 43. distant ---- distance 44. enter ---- entrance 45. equal ---- equality 46. equip ---- equipment 47. evident ---- evidence 48. examine ---- examination 49. exist ---- existence 50. expect ---- expectation 51. explain ---- explanation 52. express ---- expression 53. greet ---- greeting 54. grow ---- growth 55. fail ---- failure 56. feel ---- feeling 57. hungry ---- hunger 58. imagine ---- imagination 59. ill ---- illness 60. important ---- importance 61. impress ---- impression 62. independent ---- independence 63. inform ---- information 64. instruct ---- instruction 65. intelligent ---- intelligence 66. introduce ---- introduction 67. invite ---- invitation 68. judge ---- judgement 69. laugh ---- laughter 70. lose ---- loss 71. marry ---- marriage 72. mean ---- meaning 73. mix ---- mixture 74. move ---- movement 75. occupy ---- occupation 76. open ---- opening 77. operate ---- operation 78. permit ---- permission 79. pollute ---- pollution 80. press ---- pressure 81. proud ---- pride 82. prepare ---- preparation 83. pronounce ---- pronunciation 84. protect ---- protection 85. punish ---- punishment 86. record ---- recorder(机器)87. require ---- requirement 88. responsible ---- responsibility 89. review---- review 90. reserve ---- reservation 91. secure ---- security 92. shave ---- shaver 93. shop ---- shopping 94. sick ---- sickness 95. spell ---- spelling 96. starve ---- starvation 97. suggest ---- suggestion 98. survive ---- survival 99. tense ---- tension 100. think ---- thought 101. train ---- training 102. treat ---- treatment 103. violent ---- violence lo4. warm ---- warmth 105. weigh ---- weight 106. wise ---- wisdom 107. young ---- youth 108. know ---- knowledge 109. across ---- cross 110. confident ---- confidence 111. appoint ---- appointment 112. slave ---- slavery 113. birth ---- birthplace /birthday 114. social ---- socialism 115. weak ---- weakness 116. sharp ---- sharpener 117. dark ---- darkness 118. long ---- length 三、写出下列单词的形容词 1. centre ---- central 2. challenge ---- challenging 3. change ---- changeable / changeful 4. cheer ---- cheerful 5. cloud ---- cloudy 6. day ---- daily 7. danger ---- dangerous 8. delight ---- delighted 9. disturb ---- disturbing 10. dust ---- dusty 11. east ---- eastern 12. west ---- western 13. south ---- southern 14. north ---- northern 15. energy ---- energetic 16. enjoy ---- enjoyable 17. end ---- endless 18. bear ----unbearable 19. agriculture ----agricultural 20. face ---- facial 21. fantasy ---- fantastic 22. fool ---- foolish 23. forget ---- forgetful 24. gold ---- golden 25. health ---- healthy 26. humor ---- humorous 27. love ---- lovely 28. mistake ---- mistaken 29. nature ---- natural 30. noise ---- noisy 31. pain ---- painful 32. peace ---- peaceful 33. poison ---- poisonous 34. power ---- powerful 35. race ---- racial 36. rain ---- rainy 37. reason ---- reasonable 38. religion ---- religious 39. salt ---- salty 40. self ---- selfish 41. skill ---- skilled / skillful 42. snow ---- snowy 43. suit ---- suitable 44. technique ---- technical
精心整理派生词（derivation） 加前缀： happy---un happy 加后缀： develop---develop ment 既加前缀又加后缀： employ---un employ ment 常见的否定前缀 anti- 相反，相 互对立加在名词、形容 词、动词前 antiwar反战的antipathy反感antithesis 对立；反论antibacterial抗菌的antibody 抗体antisocial反社会的 de- 表示"去 掉，变 坏，离 开，变 慢，向下 "等加在名词前deforest砍伐森林devalue降低价值decode破 译detrain下火车degrade降级 ill- 不加在名词、形容词 前虐待ill-treat信息不足的ill-informed 不礼貌的ill-mannered non- 表示”不, 非”加在名词、形容词、 副词或作形容词的 分词上 nonexistenta.不存在的nonsmokinga.不准吸烟 的nonstopa.直达的 表示时间和其他关系的前缀 over- 超过加在动词、名词、形容词前overstudyn.用功过度 overworkn.过度劳累 overactv.表演过火 overdosen.药物过量 overproductionn.生产过度 overcrowdeda.挤满的 ex- 表示"前面的，前 任的" 加在名词前ex-wife前妻 ex-president前任总统 ex- 表示"出，出去" exclude排外expel赶出，逐 出expose暴露exalt使升高 extract抽出，拔出 excise切除exceed超过，超 出exhale呼气
高中英语派生词归纳 根据派生词进行语法填空。（动词要密切注意时态、语态、人称和非谓语动词） 1.Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer (discover) of radium. She and her husband had done lots of scientific (science) research before discovery (discover) radium. 2.Thomas Edison is considered one of the greatest inventors (invent) in the history. He had over 1000 inventions (invent) all his life. 3.Einstein is always believed to be one of the greatest scientists (science) in the 20th (20) century. He make great contributions (contribute) to modern science and technology. 4.I hear Liming can run 100 meters in 11 seconds. That’s really unbelievable (believe). 5. Don’t hesitate, John. You must make your own decision (decide) right now. 6. Can you give me a description (describe) of lost bag, sir? I’ll call you if I find it. 7. My English teacher always encourages (courage) us to do more speaking. He asks us not to feel discouraged (courage) even if we sometimes make mistakes. He also says that we should pay special attention to our pronunciation (pronounce) when speaking (speak) English. 8. The Great wall is one of the most famous tour attractions (attract) in China. It attracts (attract) a great number of foreigners (foreign). 9. I haven’t received an invitation (invite) of Liping’s wedding yet. I’m afraid I won’t go to her wedding unless invited (invite). 10. The concert was a great success (succeed). The singers were singing beautifully (beauty), and all the musicians (music) were doing successfully (succeed). 11. The injured passengers were sent to the hospital immediately. But unfortunately (fortune), some of them lost their lives on the way t the hospital. All the people think that the careless (care) driver had heavy responsibility (responsible) for the accident.
教材中常见的派生词 派生法是通过在词根上加后缀或前缀来构成新词的一种方法。通过派生法构成的单词可归为以下46种后缀词和19种前缀词 一、后缀 （一）名词后缀 1．—er，—or构成表示人或物的名词 travel旅行→traveller / traveler旅客 foreign外国的→foreigner 外国人 buy买→buyer购买者 village村庄→villager村民 run跑→runner赛跑者 swim游泳→swimmer游泳者 rule统治→ruler统治者 use使用→user用户 view观看→viewer观众 train训练→trainer教练 draw拉→drawer抽屉 review评论→reviewer评论家 print印刷→printer打印机 engine发动机斗→engineer工程师 report报告→reporter记者 lead领导→leader领导者 operate操作→operator操作者 act表演→actor演员 invent发明→inventor发明家 2．—ist 人；主义者 piano钢琴→pianist'p??n?st /'p??-] 钢琴家 commune|| k?'mju?n] 公社→communist/'k?mj?n?st]
共产主义 type打字→typist打字员reception接待斗→receptionist接待员social社会的→socialist社会主者 3．- ism主义 tour旅游→tourism旅游业 commune公社→communism共产主义social社会的→socialism社会主义 Marx马克思→Marxism马克思主义 4．—ese (……地方的) 人；语言 China中国→Chinese中国人；Japan日本→Japanese|d??p?'ni?z]日本语 5．一an（一ian）（……地方的）人 America美国→American美国人 Australia澳大利亚→Australian Europe欧洲→European欧洲人 Russia俄国→Russian俄国人 Asia亚洲→Asian亚洲人 music音乐→ musician音乐家 Politic政治→politician 政治家 library图书馆→librarian图书管理员 Italy意大利→Italian意大利人 6．—(t)ion (—ation) 动作；状态 invent发明→invention发明 instruct指导→instruction说明书 operate做手术→operation手术 collect收集→collection收藏品 dictate听写→dictation听写 invite邀请→invitation请帖 compete竞争→competition竞introduce介绍→introduction介绍pronounce发音→pronunciation 发音
一、动词→名词 1.动词+ -er cook→cooker dance→dancer drive→driver lead→leader learn→learner listen→listener manage→manager play→player read→reader report→reporter run→runner sing→singer speak→speaker swim→swimmer teach→teacher travel→traveler wait→waiter win→winner work→worker write→writer 2.动词+ -or act→actor direct→director invent→inventor visit→ visitor 3.动词+-tion attend→attention celebrate→celebration communicate→communication congratulate→congratulation direct→direction educate→education explain→explanation introduce→introduction invent→invention invite→invitation pollute→pollution prepare→preparation pronounce→pronunciation protect→protection suggest→suggestion 4.动词+ -sion decide→decision discuss→discussion express→expression 5.动词+ -ment achieve→achievement agree→agreement develop→development 6.动词+ -ress act→actress wait→waitress 7.动词+ -th bear→birth breathe →breath grow→growth 8.特例 live→life save→safe weigh→weight fly→flight high→height choose→choice serve→service know→knowledge speak→speech discover→dicovery please→pleasure laugh→laughter 二、动词→形容词 1.动词+ -ful care→careful help→helpful thank→thankful use→useful wonder→wonderful 2.动词+ -ing/-ed amaze→amazing→amazed bore→boring→bored excite→exciting→excited interest→interested→interested relax→relaxing→relaxed satisfy→satisfied→satisfying surprise→surprising→surprised tire→tired→tiring 3. a- +动词