GRE阅读逻辑135题
分章分类：现象解释型、结论解释性、新旧观点型、问题解决方案型
读题顺序：短文章，先看文章再题目；长文章，先读题目再读文章
混偏反无，慎重对待最高级和比较级及唯一性的主要内容
长选项竖读法，比较五个选项差异性及相同语言
文章定位，总结原则。作者什么工作，关键词，正负评价。主题词。
首次出现位置，题型，定位，同意变换
快速阅读法，分析复杂句子
修饰曾分，在一般第一个修饰成分结束
合理化推测原则，（快速阅读原则）单词部认识，找其他的认识，在附近只要没有强转折或者强对比，一般意思大致相同
主题题：写法&内容：内容进行同意变换（有明确主题句）
没有明确主题句，三出现原则，必须细节内容，不出现新内容，重要关键词出现态度题：态度保持一致
套路，四种套路，短文章套路（新老观点对比）
两个原则：从前不从后，延伸性内容，以前面为主题，以后面为延伸性内容
从大不从小，文章开头或主题句为大评价，其他事小评价（让步除外）
去除两种方法：印象及自己背景知识
延伸，对于现象解释型文章，关注首句和第二段首句
机考，填写誓言，个人信息，拍照，进入考场，教你使用计算机，开始考试
三篇阅读，30行，2题
75行，4题，
30行，2题
阅读对四个板块提高找准定位，灵活取舍，了解结构态度，
每个section前面1~10必须作对，作比较难得题目：考试感觉不代表真实成绩
多做模拟考试，多找感觉。这些题目乱穿差出题。
《费费逻辑宝典》详解版
Ver. 2004-06-29
主编：fyhllj （风云化龙）
编委：Mindfree, Anchoret, fyhllj, ZZENG, freegirl, YOYO700, RIC0717, MARR, IOS, MAX, tupan, CYNTHIAS, followggg, 祈晴坊主, crystalzeng, miejue, cuili, dz, cicia, isabellu, chriszhx, euphony, precious, chrislujin, nana460, xihui, annywx, fair_sword, christinewxy, vidy, tyghbn, Mozatfan, NeTman, iidiot, mozatfan, nnt992, pumpkin
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●费费逻辑宝典全集（共135题）是目前公认的非常好的GMAT逻辑复习补充材料，这是
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●本套练习题共135题，根据牛人建议：为锻炼Pace，每18题划分为一组，限时30分
钟完成。
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致谢：mindfree, Anchoret, fyhllj三位超级巨牛编写了9道题的分析模板，供编委参照；pumpkin 校正补全；
Test 1
1. Although 90 percent of the population believes itself to be well informed about health care, only 20 percent knows enough about DNA. So apparently at least 80 percent of the population does not know enough about medical concepts to make well-informed personal medical choices or to make good public policy decisions about health care.
The argument’s reasoning is questionable because the argument fails to demonstrate that
A.those people who can understand news stories about DNA are able to make well-informed
personal medical choices
B.more than 20 percent of the population needs to be well informed about health care for
good public policy decisions about health care to be made
C.one’s being able to make well-informed personal medical choices ensures that one makes
good public policy decisions about health care
D.an understanding of DNA is essential to making well-informed personal medical choices or to
making good public policy decisions about health care
E.since 90 percent of the population believes itself to be well informed about health care, at
least 70 percent of the population is mistaken in that belief.
答案：D
思路：本题的推论错误在于以偏概全，用对DNA的了解程度来考核well informed about health care的程度。据个例子，我们可否用掌握核物理知识的程度来考核对物理基本知识的掌握程度呢？显然不行！
A: 支持作者的观点
B: 无关
C: 无关
D: 本题的推论错误在于以偏概全，用对DNA的了解程度来考核well informed about health care的程度。据个例子，我们可否用掌握核物理知识的程度来考核对物理基本知识的掌握程度呢？显然不行！
E: 无关
2. During the 1980’s, Japanese collectors were very active in the market for European art, especially as purchasers of nineteenth-century Impressionist paintings. This striking pattern surely reflects a specific preference on the part of many Japanese collectors for certain aesthetic attributes they found in nineteenth-century Impressionist paintings.
Which one of the following, if true, most strongly supports the explanation above?
A.Impressionist paintings first became popular among art collectors in Europe at the beginning
of the twentieth century.
B.During the 1980’s, the Japanese economy underwent a sustained expansion that was
unprecedented in the country’s recent history.
C.Several nineteenth-century Impressionist painters adopted certain techniques and visual
effects found in Japanese prints that are highly esteemed in Japan.
D.During the 1960s and the 1970s, the prices of nineteenth-century Impressionist paintings
often exceeded the prices of paintings by older European masters.
E.During the 1980’s, collectors from Japan and around the world purchased many paintings
and prints by well-known twentieth-century Japanese artists.
答案：C
思路：
A.无关
B.无关
C.作者先提出一个事实，然后指这个事实说明了日本收藏家对19世纪印象派画家的一些审美特性有着
特别的偏爱。C直接举证说明原因：这是因为19世纪印象派画家使用了一些在日本备受推崇的技术和视觉效果。（Several nineteenth-century Impressionist painters adopted certain techniques and visual effects found in Japanese prints that are highly esteemed in Japan.）
D.无关项, many Japanese collectors for certain aesthetic attributes 和D中的price没有任何关系
E.无关
3. Because of the recent recession in Country A most magazines published there have experienced decreases in advertising revenue, so much so that the survival of the most widely read magazines is in grave doubt. At the same time, however, more people in Country A are reading more magazines than ever before, and the number of financially successful magazines in Country A is greater than ever.
Which one of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy in the information above?
A.Most magazines reduce the amount they charge for advertisement’s during a recession.
B.The audience for a successful television show far exceeds the readership of even the most
widely read magazine.
C.Advertising is the main source of revenue only for the most widely read magazines; other
magazines rely on circulation for their revenue.
D.Because of the recession, people in Country A have cut back on magazine subscriptions and
are reading borrowed magazines.
E.More of the new general interest magazines that were launched this year in Country A have
survived than survived in previous years.
参考答案：C
思路：explain题型的阅读要点是分歧主要在哪里。
A：无法解释后一现象
B：无关选项
C：抓住了分歧点：the most widely read magazines和financially successful magazines的区别
D：无法解释后一现象
E：无关选项（无关对比）
4. The gray squirrel, introduced into local woodlands ten years ago, threatens the indigenous populat ion of an endangered owl species, because the squirrels’ habitual stripping of tree bark destroys the trees in which the owls nest. Some local officials have advocated setting out poison for the gray squirrels. The officials argue that this measure, while eliminating the squirrels, would pose no threat to the owl population, since the poison would be placed in containers accessible only to squirrels and other rodents.
Which one of the following, if true, most calls into question the officials’ argument?
A.One of the species whose members are likely to eat the poison is the red squirrel, a species
on which owls do not prey.
B.The owls whose nesting sites are currently being destroyed by the gray squirrels feed
primarily on rodents.
C.No indigenous population of any other bind species apart from the endangered owls is
threatened by the gray squirrels.
D.The owls that tare threatened build their nests in the tops of trees, but the gray squirrels
strip away back from the trunks.
E.The officials’ plan entails adding the poison to food sources that are usually eaten by rodents
but not by other animals.
参考答案：B
思路：本题的错误在于，作者提出一种解决问题的方法，但忽略了他的副作用或反作用，从而没有从根本上解决问题或引出其他更重要的问题。
A：无关red squirrel
B：如果rodents是owls的主要食物，那末毒死rodents将更严重的减少owls的数量。
C：无关Here the concerned object is the owl, not the other birds
D：无关
E：无关选项Without further information about the rodents, this choice does not bother the argument
Questions 5-6
Sales manager: Last year the total number of meals sold in our company restaurants was much higher than it was the year before. Obviously consumers find our meals desirable. Accountant: If you look at individual restaurants, however, you find that the number of meals sold actually decreased substantially at every one of our restaurants that was in operation both last year and the year before. The desirability of our meals to consumers has clearly decreased, given that this group of restaurants---the only ones for which we have sales figures that permit a comparison between last year and the year before---demonstrates a trend toward fewer sales.
5. If the sales figures cited by the accountant and the sales manager are both accurate, which one of the following must be true?
A.The company opened at least one new restaurant in the last two years.
B.The company’s meals are less competitive than they once were.
C.The quality of the company’s meals has not improved over the last two years.
D.The prices of the company’s meals have changed over the past two years.
E.The market share captured by the company’s restaurants fell last year.
参考答案：A
思路：简单数学计算题。个体收入（利润，成本等）x 数量=总数
A：个体收入减少，总收入上升，必然是数量增加。所赐选项正确。
遇到这种题，只要列出公式即可解决。
6. Which one of the following, if true, most seriously calls into question the accountant’s argument?
A.The company’s restaurants last year dropped f rom their menus most of the new dishes that
had been introduced the year before.
B.Prior to last year there was an overall downward trend in the company’s sales.
C.Those of the company’s restaurants that did increase their sales last year did not offer large
discounts on prices to attract customers.
D.Sales of the company’s most expensive meal contributed little to the overall two-year sales
increase.
E.Most of the company’s restaurants that were in operation throughout both last year and the
year before are located in areas where residents experienced a severe overall decline in
income last year.
Sales Manager: the total number of meals sold last year much higher →consumers desire our meals Accountant: the number of meals sold by every restaurants operating these two years actually decreased last year from the year before （事实）→ the desirability of our meals has decreased ( conclusion) → a trend toward fewer sales (conclusion)
1，不同的取样，Sales Manager depends on the total number of meals sold in the company in the last year, while Accountant depends on each of 2-year-history restaurant；
2，论据与结论之间没有必然的联系，却被当成充分条件。他因可以解释结论。
A. Reason to explain why the sale of each sample restaurant decreased last year. （无关）
B. 总公司前年的下降不能否定去年的下降，也不能支持。（无关）
C. 那些去年销量不降反增的公司是因为没有降价太多。不降反增的公司与下降的公司是两个不同的集合，描述对象不正确。如果我们推出那些下降的公司是因为降价太多，也只能是给出一个原因来解释为什么下降。（无关）
D. 公司最贵的招牌菜并没有给公司带来销售的增加。也属于一个解释，解释为什么总量会下降。但与Accountant 的观点并没有直接的联系。既没有针对描述对象：2-year-history restaurant，也没有削弱论据与结论之间的必然联系。
E. 答案。针对描述对象：2-year-history restaurant，他因：a severe overall decline in income
时间的一致：last year.
7. Problems caused by the leaching of pollutants from dumps and landfills are worst in countries with an annual per capita economic output of $4,000 to $5,000, and less severe for considerably poorer and considerably richer countries. This is so because pollution problems increase during the early stages of a country’s industrial development but then diminish as increasing industrial development generates adequate resources to tackle such problems. Therefore, problems caused by such leaching in Country X, where the annual per capita economic output is now $5,000, should begin to diminish in the next few years.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A.Within the next few years, Country X will impose a system of fines for illegal waste disposal
by its industrial companies.
B.Countries surrounding Country X will reduce the amount of pollution that their factories
release into the air and water.
C.Industrial development in Country X will increase in the next few years.
D.Country X will begin the process of industrialization in the next few years.
E.No other country with a similar amount of industrial development has pollution problems
that are as severe as those in Country X.
Principle: Problems caused by the leaching of pollutants from dumps and landfills are worst in countries with an annual per capita economic output of $4,000 to $5,000, and less severe for considerably poorer and considerably richer countries.
Premise: (大前提）pollution problems increase during the early stages of a country’s industrial development but then diminish as increasing industrial development generates adequate resources to tackle such problems，用来支持最后的conclusion:: problems in Country X should begin to diminish in the next few years. Evidence: in Country X, where the annual per capita economic output is now $5,000,
Conclusion: problems in Country X should begin to diminish in the next few years.
是对premise 的一次改写。
Hidden Assumption: The industrial development in Country X will increase in the next years so that its economic output will be more than $5,000, it passes over the early stage of industrial development and has adequate resources to tackle leaching problems.
题目问Assumption, 即必要条件。只有这个必要条件成立，结论才能成立(A->B ) 。没有这个必要条件，结论是不可能成立的（非B-> 非A)
A. 高额的罚款并不是country X抯problem will diminish. 的必要条件。因为如果由公司从自身的经济利益出发，宁愿选择接受罚款，则结论不成立。
B. out of scope
C. Correct Answer. 正符合我们的Assumption.
D. Weaken the conclusion --- because that pollution problems increase during the early stages of a country’s industrial development (early stages == begin the process of industrialization)
E. 时间不一致，（一般现在式与begin to diminish in the next few years.）
比较对象不对。（Other country 与Country X vs. Country X 现在与未来）
8. The stable functioning of a society depends upon the relatively long-term stability of the goals of its citizens. This is clear from the fact that unless the majority of individuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations, it will be impossible for a legislature to craft laws that will augment the satisfaction of the citizenry, and it should be obvious that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens.
The claim that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens plays which one of the following roles in the argument?
A.It is the conclusion of the argument.
B.It helps to support the conclusion of the argument. 正确答案
C.It is a claim that must be refuted if the conclusion is to be established.
D.It is a consequence of the argument.
E.It is used to illustrate the general principle that the argument presupposes.
这是一个典型的必要题型，题目之所以觉得有难度，
因为conclusion 在首而论证过程在后，而且还有概念的等价交换：to increase the happiness of its citizens＝＝to augment the satisfaction of the citizenry
Conclusion: The stable functioning of a society depends upon the relatively long-term stability of the goals of its citizens.
it should be obvious that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens.
A society is stable (a) → its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens. (b)
This is clear from the fact that unless the majority of individuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations, it will be impossible for a legislature to craft laws that will augment the satisfaction of the citizenry,
To craft laws that will augment the satisfaction of the citizenry (b)→ the majority of individuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations, (c)
Therefore, A requires C. (the conclusion)
看懂文章后，不难得到正确答案B.
9. Astronauts who experience weightlessness frequently get motion sickness. The astronauts see their own motion relative to passing objects, but while the astronauts are weightless their inner ears indicate that their bodies are not moving. The astronauts’ experience is best explained by the hypothesis that conflicting information received by the brain about the body’s motion causes motion sickness.
Which one of the following, if true, provides the strongest additional support for the hypothesis above?
A.During rough voyages ship passengers in cabins providing a view of the water are less likely
to get motion sickness than are passengers in cabins providing no view.
B.Many people who are experienced airplane passengers occasionally get motion sickness.
C.Some automobile passengers whose inner ears indicate that they are moving and who have
a clear view of the objects they are passing get motion sickness.
D.People who have aisle seats in trains or airplanes are as likely to get motion sickness as are
people who have window seats.
E.Some astronauts do not get motion sickness even after being in orbit for several days.
答案：A
思路：搭桥法，建立A与B的联系。仔细读题可知：这种运动性疾病是由于大脑接受了不同的矛盾的信息。有两个信息源：一个来自内耳（静止），一个来自眼睛（运动）。
选项中只有A,C,D涉及这样两个信息源。
A指出接受两种不同的信息较容易获得运动性疾病比起获得两种一致的信息。C：虽有两种信息，但两者是一致的（都是运动的）。
C, D：指出接受两种一致的信息较容易获得运动性疾病比起获得两种不同的信息。与题目的例子相反。所以只有A是正确选项。
10. In order to pressure the government of Country S to become less repressive, some legislators in Country R want to ban all exports from R to S. Companies in R that manufacture telecommunication equipment such as telephones and fax machines have argued that exports of their products should be exempted from the ban, on the ground that it is impossible for a country to remain repressive when telecommunication equipment is widely available to the population of that country.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument given by the manufacturers depends?
A.The government of S has recently increased the amount of telecommunication equipment it
allows to be imported into the country.
B.The telecommunication equipment that would be imported into S if the exemption were to
be granted would not be available solely to top development officials in S. 正确答案
C. A majority of the members of R’s legislature do not favor exempting telecommunication
equipment from the ban on exports to Country S.
D.Of all exports that could be sent to Country S, telecommunication equipment would be the
most effective in helping c itizens of S oppose that country’s repressive government.
E.Without pressure from Country R, the government of S would be able to continue repressing
its citizens indefinitely.
The correct answer is B.
See: Assumption question
Think: I have to find the conclusion, then the evidence, and from them figure out the central assumption.
Do:
Conclusion: The “what” of an argument
In this case:
In order to pressure the government of Country S to become less repressive, some legislators in Country R want to ban all exports from R to S.
Evidence: The “Why” of an argument
In this case:
It’s impossible for a country to remain repressive when telecommunication equipment is widely available to the population of that country.
Assumption: Facts or ideas, not stated in the passage. The assumption must be true if the argument is to be considered valid. The assumption typical directly links the evidence with the conclusion. The best way to tackle it is to negate it.
In this case:
The telecommunication equipment that would be imported into S if the exemption were to be granted would not be available solely to top development officials in S.
If we negate the assumption, the conclusion can’t come to pass.
:
The telecommunication equipment that would be allowed to export into S (exempted) would be AVAILABLE SOLELY to top development officials in S, then the proposal to pressure the government of Country S to become less repressive by using ban will be failed. As a result, the argument that manufacture gave that telecommunication equipment such as telephones and fax machines have argued that exports of their products should be exempted from the ban will be failed.
11. The average cable television company offers its customers 50 channels, but new fiber-optic lines will enable telephone companies to provide 100 to 150 television channels to their customers for the same price as cable companies charge for 50. Therefore, the new companies will displace cable companies within a few years.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to strengthen the argument?
A.The initial cost per household of installing new fiber-optic television service will exceed the
current cost of installing cable television service.
B.The most popular movies and programs on channels carried by cable companies will also be
offered on channels carried by the fiber-optic lines owned by the telephone companies. C.Cable television companies will respond to competition from the telephone companies by
increasing the number of channels they offer.
D.Some telephone companies own cable companies in areas other than those in which they
provide telephone services.
E.The new fiber-optic services offered by telephone companies will be subject to more
stringent governmental programming regulations than those to which cable companies are now subject.
The correct answer is B.
See: Strengthen question
Think: I need the choice that confirms the central assumption. In other words, Strengthen the argument = Strengthen the assumption.
Do:
Conclusion: The “what” of an argument
In this case:
Cable companies will be displaced by the new companies within a few years.
.
Evidence: The “Why” of an argument
In this case:
The average cable television company offers its customers 50 channels, but new fiber-optic lines will enable telephone companies to provide 100 to 150 television channels to their customers for the same price as cable companies charge for 50.
Assumption: Facts or ideas, not stated in the passage. The assumption must be true if the argument is to be considered valid. The assumption typical directly links the evidence with the conclusion. The best way to tackle it is to negate it.
In this case:
The channels, if not all, the most of them must be overlapped from both providers.
The choice B, only B, confirms the central assumption. So it’s the correct answer.
12. The only physical factor preventing a human journey to Mars has been weight. Carrying enough fuel to propel a conventional spacecraft to Mars and back would make even the lightest craft too heavy to be launched from Earth. A device has recently been invented, however, that allows an otherwise conventional spacecraft to refill the craft’s fuel tanks with fuel manufactured from the Martian atmosphere for the return trip. Therefore, it is possible for people to go to Mars in a spacecraft that carries this device and then return.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
A.The amount of fuel needed for a spacecraft to return from Mars is the same as the amount
of fuel needed to travel from Earth to Mars.
B.The fuel manufactured from the Martian atmosphere would not differ in composition from
the fuel used to travel to Mars.
C.The device for manufacturing fuel from the Martian atmosphere would not take up any of
the spaceship crew’s living space.
D. A conventional spacecraft equipped with the device would not be appreciably more
expensive to construct than current spacecraft typically are.
E.The device for manufacturing fuel for the return to Earth weighs less than the tanks of fuel
that a conventional spacecraft would otherwise need to carry from Earth for the return trip. The correct answer is (E)
See: Assumption question
Think: I have to find the conclusion, then the evidence, and from them figure out the central assumption.
Do:
Conclusion: The “what” of an argument
In this case:
It is possible for people to go to Mars in a spacecraft that carries this device and then return.
Evidence: The “Why” of an argument
In this case:
E1:
The only physical factor preventing a human journey to Mars has been weight. Carrying enough fuel to propel a conventional spacecraft to Mars and back would make even the lightest craft too heavy to be launched from Earth.
E2:
A device has recently been invented, however, that allows an otherwise conventional spacecraft to refill the craft’s fuel tanks with fuel manufactured from the Martian atmosphere for the return t rip
Assumption: Facts or ideas, not stated in the passage. The assumption must be true if the argument is to be considered valid. The assumption typical directly links the evidence with the conclusion. The best way to tackle it is to negate it.
In this case:
The device for manufacturing fuel for the return to Earth weighs less than the tanks of fuel that a conventional spacecraft would otherwise need to carry from Earth for the return trip.
If we negate the assumption, the conclus ion can’t come to pass.
The device for manufacturing fuel for the return to Earth weighs more than the tanks of fuel that a conventional spacecraft would otherwise need to carry from Earth for the return trip, then the conclusion can’t come to pass
in new invented device term.
13. In 1712 the government of Country Y appointed a censor to prohibit the publication of any book critical of Country Y’s government; all new books legally published in the country after 1712 were approved by a censor. Under the first censor, one half of the book manuscripts submitted to the censor were not approved for publication. Under the next censor, only one quarter of the book manuscripts submitted were not approved, but the number of book manuscripts that were approved was the same under both censors. If the statements in the passage are true, which one of the following can be properly concluded from them?
A.More books critical of Country Y’s governments were published before the appointment of
the first censor than after it.
B.The first censor and the second censor prohibited the publication of the same number of
book manuscripts.
C.More book manuscripts were submitted for approval to the first censor than to the second.
D.The second censor allowed some book manuscripts to the published that the first censor
would have considered critical of Country Y’s government.
E.The number of writers who wrote unpublished manuscripts was greater under the first
censor than under the second.
参考思路：
同5，又是一道计算题。关键还是列出公式。
the number of book manuscripts that were approved was the same under both censors.
Numbers of the first censor checked x (1-50%) = Numbers of the second censor x (1-25%)
So
(C) More book manuscripts were submitted for approval to the first censor than to the second.
14. If the government increases its funding for civilian scientific research, private patrons and industries will believe that such research has become primarily the government’s responsibility. When they believe that research is no longer primarily their responsibility, private patrons and industries will decrease their contributions toward research. Therefore, in order to keep from depressing the overall level of funding for civilian scientific research, the government should not increase its own funding.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2a14831713.html,ernments should bear the majority of the financial burden of funding for civilian
scientific research.
B.Any increase in government funding would displace more private funding for civilian
scientific research than it would provide.
C.Private donations toward research are no longer welcomed by researchers whose work
receives government funding.
D.Civilian scientific research cannot be conducted efficiently with more than one source of
funding.
E.funding for civilian scientific research is currently at the highest possible level.
参考思路：
本题指出private funding for civilian scientific research和government funding是一增一减的关系。如果两者的增长数量是一样的，则总量不会随其中之一而变化。而如果一方的变化是另一方变化量的系数倍，则总量将会受到影响
(B) Any increase in government funding would displace more private funding for civilian scientific research than it would provide.
这个选项指出了第二钟变化趋势。Therefore, in order to keep from depressing the overall level of funding for civilian scientific research, the government should not increase its own funding. 我们应该假设Any increase in government funding would displace more private funding for civilian scientific research than it would provide.。b is correct.
15. Dental researcher: Filling a cavity in a tooth is not a harmless procedure: it inevitably damages some of the healthy parts of the tooth. Cavities are harmful only if the decay reaches the nerves inside the tooth, and many cavities, if left untreated, never progress to that point. Therefore, dentists should not fill a cavity unless the nerves inside the tooth are in imminent danger from that cavity.
Which one of the following principles, if valid, most strongly supports the researcher’s reasoning?
A.Dentists should perform any procedure that is likely to be beneficial in the long term, but
only if the procedure does not cause immediate damage.
B.Dentists should help their patients to prevent cavities rather than waiting until cavities are
present to begin treatment.
C. A condition that is only potentially harmful should not be treated using a method that is
definitely harmful.
D. A condition that is typically progressive should not be treated using methods that provide
only temporary relief.
E. A condition that is potentially harmful should not be left untreated unless it can be kept
under constant surveillance.
答案：C
思路：搭桥法，建立A与B的联系作者指出：补牙对牙齿的健康部分是一定有害的。而牙洞只有在已经露出神经后才是有害的。可是这种情形几乎不可能出现。因此牙医不应该随便给病人补牙除非牙龈神经已经露出。
A, 提到无关信息：beneficial in the long term。
B, 与题目相反
C, 有效的建立了两者的关系，即对于潜在的伤害不应用必然带来其他伤害的方法来治疗。
D, 无关信息排除
E, 没有建立起有效的连接。
16. The axis of Earth’s daily rotation is tilted with respect to the plane of its orbit at an angle of roughly 23 degrees. That angle can be kept fairly stable only by the gravitational influence of Earth’s large, nearby Moon. Without such a stable and moderate axis tilt, a planet’s climate is too extreme and unstable to support life. Mars, for example, has only very small moons, tilts at wildly fluctuating angles, and cannot support life.
If the statements above are true, which one of the following must also be true on the basis of them?
A.If Mars had a sufficiently large nearby moon, Mars would be able to support life.
B.If Earth’s Moon were to leave Earth’s orbit, Earth’s climate would be unable to support life.
C.Any planet with a stable, moderate axis tilt can support life.
D.Gravitational influences other than moons have little or no effect on the magnitude of the
tilt angle of either Earth’s or Mars’s axis.
E.No planet that has more than one moon can support life.
参考思路：
A only by B。B是A的必要条件, 非B推出非A。
If Earth’s Moon were to leave Earth’s orbit -----〉That angle cannot be kept fairly stable ---
a planet’s climate is too extreme and unstable to support life.( based on Without such a stable and moderate axis tilt, a pl anet’s climate is too extreme and unstable to support life.)
(B) If Earth’s Moon were to leave Earth’s orbit, Earth’s climate would be unable to support life.
Is correct!
此题为典型的逻辑关系推理题。
17. Psychologist: Some astrologers claim that our horoscopes completely determine our personalities, but this claim is false, I concede that identical twins---who are, of course, born at practically the same time---often do have similar personalities. However, birth records were examined to find two individuals who were born 40 years ago on the same day and at exactly the same time---one in a hospital in Toronto and one in a hospital in New York. Personalities of these two individuals are in fact different.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the psycho logist’s argument depends?
A.Astrologers have not subjected their claims to rigorous experimentation.
B.The personality differences between the two individuals cannot be explained by the cultural
difference between Toronto and New York.
C.The geographical difference between Toronto and New York did not result in the two
individuals having different horoscopes.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2a14831713.html,plete birth records for the past 40 years were kept at both hospitals.
E.Identical twins have identical genetic structures and usually have similar home
environments.
答案：C
思路：Psychologist举例否原观点，举的反例必定是在原观点相同的前提情况下产生了与原观点不同的结论。原观点的前提情况是相同星座，结论是性格相同。反例的前提情况需要与原观点的一致，所以即是不管多伦多还是纽约生的星座是一样的。
A, 是无关选项，占星家们做没做实验对原文半点影响没有。
B, 是无关选项，心理学家们驳的是星象，跟文化没关系。
D, 是废话，重复了原文的背景。
E, 也是废话，重复了原文的背景。
18. Modern navigati on systems, which are found in most of today’s commercial aircraft, are made with low-power circuitry, which is more susceptible to interference than the vacuum-tube circuitry found in older planes. During landing, navigation systems receive radio signals from the airport to guide the plane to the runway. Recently, one plane with low-power circuitry veered off course during landing, its dials dimming, when a passenger turned on a laptop computer. Clearly, modern aircraft navigation systems are being put at risk by the electronic devices that passengers carry on board, such as cassette players and laptop computers.
Which one of the following, if true, LEAST strengthens the argument above?
A.After the laptop computer was turned off, the plane regained course and its navigation
instruments and dials returned to normal.
B.When in use all electronic devices emit electromagnetic radiation, which is known to
interfere with circuitry.
C.No problems with navigational equipment or instrument dials have been reported on flights
with no passenger-owned electronic devices on board.
D.Significant electromagnetic radiation from portable electronic devices can travel up to eight
meters, and some passenger seats on modern aircraft are located within four meters of the navigation systems.
E.Planes were first equipped with low-power circuitry at about the same time portable
electronic devices became popular.
答案：E
思路：E是无关选项，同时装备无法支持飞机航行受电子设备干扰。其他选项都能支持。
A, 加强选项，关了电玩后，飞机就正常了，说明电玩有影响。
B, 加强选项，直接说电玩影响飞机电路。
C, 没有电玩，飞机没影响，相对加强力度弱些，但比起E来也能勉强算做加强。
D, 加强选项，电玩八米有影响，有些乘客就坐在电路八米内。
TEST 2
19. Jane: Television programs and movies that depict violence among teenagers are extremely popular. Given how influential these media are, we have good reason to believe that these depictions cause young people to engage in violent behavior. Hence, depictions of violence among teenagers should be prohibited from movies and television programs, if only in those programs and movies promoted to young audiences.
Maurice: But you are recommending nothing short of censorship! Besides which, your claim that television and movie depictions of violence cause violence is mistaken: violence among young people predates movies and television by centuries.
Which one of the following, if true, most strengthens Jane’s argument?
A.The most violent characters depicted in movies and on television programs are adult
characters who are portrayed by adult actors.
B.The movies that have been shown to have the most influence on young people’s behavior
are those that are promoted to young audiences.
C.The people who make the most profits in the movie and television industry are those who
can successfully promote their work to both young and old audiences.
D.Many adolescents who engage in violent behavior had already displayed such behavior
before they were exposed violence in movies.
E.Among the producers who make both movies and television programs, many voluntarily
restrict the subject matter of films directed toward young audiences.
答案：B
思路：J说由于恶少们很多是被电影带坏的，所以带暴力的镜头应该除掉。要支持，就要建立连接，说这些电影对孩儿们影响太大了，所以选B。
A, 无关选项，成人角色原文没提过。
C, 无关选项，搞影视的大腕跟原文也没关系。
D, 削弱，说那帮小孩们从来就是暴力狂，跟影视没关系。
E, 比较模糊，说是制作人们比较自觉，一般都删掉暴力镜头，可以说无关，也可以说削弱，但是绝对不是加强。
20. A rise in the percentage of all 18-year-olds who were recruited by the armed services of a small republic between 1980 and 1986 correlates with a rise in the percentage of young people who dropped out of high school in that republic. Since 18-year-olds in the republic are generally either high school graduates or high school dropouts, the correlation leads to the conclusion that the republic’s recruitment rates for 18-year-olds depend substantially on recruitment rates for high school dropouts.
Which one of the following statements, if true, most weakens the argument?
A. A large number of 18-year-old high school graduates were recruited for the republic’s armed
services in 1986 than in 1980.
B.Many of the high-technology systems used by the republic’s armed services can be operated
only by individuals who have completed a high school education.
C.Between 1980 and 1986 the percentage of high school graduates among 18-year-olds
recruited in the republic rose sharply.
D.Personnel of the republic’s armed services are strongly encouraged to finish their high
school education.
E.The proportion of recruits who had completed at least two years of college education was
greater in 1986 than in 1980.
参考答案：C
思路：题目的核心是要否定percentage of dropouts 与percentage of recruitment的因果关系
A：典型的混淆相对数概念和绝对数概念，文中比较的是比率，选项给的是绝对数；
B：无关选项，和题目的核心比率没有太大关系。Tips: 注意many... only by.....这种表述。
C：正确，指出结论的错误属于false dilemma。
D：无关选项。此类错误属于false appeal。tips:注意.....（机构或人）strongly encourage something
E：无关选项，percentage of those completed college education和题目的核心比率没有太大关系。
21. Historian: We can learn about the medical history of individuals through chemical analysis of their hair. It is likely, for example, that Isaac Newton’s psychological problems were due to mercury poisoning; traces of mercury were found in his hair. Analysis is now being done on a lock of Bee thoven’s hair. Although no convincing argument has shown that Beethoven ever had a venereal disease, some people hypothesize that venereal disease caused his deafness. Since mercury was commonly ingested in Beethoven’s time to treat venereal disease, if re searchers find a trace of mercury in his hair, we can conclude that this hypothesis is correct.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the historian’s argument depends?
A.None of the mercury introduced into the body can be eliminated.
B.Some people in Beethoven’s time did not ingest mercury.
C.Mercury is an effective treatment for venereal disease.
D.Mercury poisoning can cause deafness in people with venereal disease.
E.Beethoven suffered from psychological problems of the same severity as Newt on’s.
There should be 2 assumptions to support the hypothesis. The 1st assumption of the author is that only venereal disease will be treated by mercury in Beethoven’s time. The 2nd assumption is only some people in Beethoven's time will ingest mercury, if all people ingest mercury, the evidence is not useful. So, some people in Beethoven's time did not ingest mercury. The answer should be B.
A, E have nothing to do with the argument.
C is not necessary, 'Since mercury was commonly ingested in Beethoven’s time to treat venereal disease' is
enough.
D is wrong: according to the author, it is the venereal disease that will cause the deafness, not the mercury poison.
22. In 1992, a major newspaper circulated throughout North American paid its reporters an average salary paid by its principle competitors to their reporters. An executive of the newspaper argued that this practice was justified, since any shortfall that might exist in the reporters’ salaries is fully compensated by the valuable training they receive through their assignments.
Which one of the following, if true about the newspaper in 1992, most seriously undermines the justification offered by the executive?
A.Senior reporters at the newspaper earned as much as reporters of similar stature who
worked for the newspaper’s principle competitors.
B.Most of the newspaper’s reporters had worked there for more than ten years.
C.The circulation of the newspaper had recently reached a plateau, after it had increased
steadily throughout the 1980s.
D.The union that represented reporters at the newspaper was different from the union that
represented reporters at the newspaper’s competitors.
E.The newspaper was widely read throughout continental Europe and Great Britain as well as
North America.
参考答案：B
思路：否定low salaries is fully compensated by training
A：与结论无关
B：10年工作经验表示training的作用不大。
C：与结论无关。
D：与结论无关。
E：与结论无关。
评论：此题较难，只能用排除法作。正确选项也比较含糊，需要推理，这种题在gmat中出现的不多。
23. On a certain day, nine scheduled flights on Swift Airlines were canceled. Ordinarily, a cancellation is due to mechanical problems with the airplane scheduled for a certain flight. However, since it is unlikely that Swift would have the mechanical problems with more than one or two scheduled flights on a single day, some of the nine cancellations were probably due to something else.
The argument depends on which one of the following assumptions?
A.More than one or two airplanes were scheduled for the nine canceled flights.
B.Swift Airlines has fewer mechanical problems than do other airlines of the same size.
C.Each of the canceled flights would have been longer than the average flight on Swift Airlines.
D.Swift Airlines had never before canceled more than one or two scheduled flights on a single
day.
E.All of the airplanes scheduled for the canceled flights are based at the same airport.
参考答案：A 采用取非法。
思路：否定More than one or two airplanes were scheduled for the nine canceled flights.将削弱作者的结论。
A：取非削弱
B：无关。
C：无关。
D：无关。
E：无关。
24. The interstitial nucleus, a sub-region of the brain’s hypothalamus, is typically smaller for male cats than for female cats. A neurobiologist performed autopsies on male cats who died from disease X, a disease affecting no more than .05 percent of male cats, and found that these male cats had interstitial nuclei that were as large as those generally found in female cats. Thus, the size of the interstitial nucleus determines whether or not male cats can contract disease X.
Which one of the following statements, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
A.No female cats have been known to contract disease X, which is a subtype of disease Y.
B.Many male cats that contract disease X also contract disease Z, the cause of which is
unknown.
C.the interstitial nuclei of female cats who contact disease X are larger than those of female
cats who do not contract disease X.
D.Of 1,000 autopsies on male cats that did not contract disease X, 5 revealed interstitial nuclei
larger than those of the average male cat.
E.The hypothalamus is known not to be causally linked to disease Y, and disease X is a subtype
of disease Y.
E is the best answer. Disease X is the subtype is disease Y, if disease Y has no link with hypothalamus, X must have no link with hypothalamus.
A, C talked about the female cat, that can't weaken the argument.
B talked about another disease Z, doesn't weaken the argument.
D just shows some data, which cannot weaken the argument.
25. There should be a greater use of gasohol. Gasohol is a mixture of alcohol and gasoline, and has a higher octane rating and fewer carbon monoxide emissions than straight gasoline. Burning gasohol adds no more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere than plants remove by photosynthesis. Each of the following, if true, strengthens the argument above EXCEPT:
A.Cars run less well on gasoline than they do on gasohol.
B.Since less gasoline is needed with the use of gasohol, an energy shortage is less likely.
详解GRE阅读最常见三种题型 阅读题不管是放在哪一类考试上都能够算得上是一枚重磅炸弹。但是GRE阅读题因为是针对阅读英文能力的一种考察，那么对于中国考生而言也并非是容易的。以下GRE考试培训机构老师就要为考生们介绍GRE阅读最常见三种题型。 1. 主题题：一般在第一题，也会在中间2,3题，通常在末题出现的几率很少，解题技巧一般是从中心词(论述对象)，配合TS(往往在首段出现，一定要记住“从前不从后”,原来的主旨为准)，有时还要将下面的细节段落的层次关系概括考虑入内，得出答案。GRE考试培训机构老师表示若考生们在突破时可以边读边想，那么这个题不用15秒就可以看出，而后再使用原来积累的错误项的标志来“审核”(一定要注意永远别使用“排除法”来解这种题，否则浪费的时间是无法弥补的!)，哪些标志呢?关键是记住细节段里的举例事物，唯一性，绝对性词汇就行了! 2. Insgroupsto题型：大家要注意到直接出现insgroupsto字样与也许会出现的“变体”,判断方式为该题问的是一种“因果联系”,还有作者提及A是为了什么，关于这个A能够是例子，又或是一个论证细节等等，那事不疑迟，马上从题干的事物出发返回到原文定位，而后快速的判断此层面的逻辑关系，而后决定是向上或者向下找几行，找到那个原因，提取“中心词”(有显着特征的词)而后在5个选项里识别出来，填上答案，不出30秒。 3. 作者态度题：回忆问及的事物是否给过“情态形容词或副词”修饰过，注意是“回忆”,针对此类词前面我已说过必须要注意留心，自己在突破里也许已经有所发现，大部分的书上还举出了动词，只要这种词一出现考生们都比较看得清，谁都知道是否定，但在此我举的就十分的隐蔽，独自的指出好像谁都知道，但在
GRE逻辑题的解题技巧—削弱结论型题目 根据GRE逻辑题的题目类型，将其划分为五类：支持结论型，削弱结论型，分析逻辑结构型，得出结论型(推断题)，和解决矛盾型。接下来重点介绍GRE逻辑题削弱结论型题目的解题技巧，大家好好进行复习吧，以便更好冲刺GRE高分。 GRE逻辑题中削弱结论型题目与支持结论型题目非常像，当然它们之间的差别也是显著的，一个是削弱结论，一个是加强结论。削弱结论型题目回忆很多的形式出现：Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument? Which of the following, if true, could present the most serious disadvantage of XYZ Corporation’s new marketing initiative? Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the view that the drug treatment will NOT be successful? 几乎所有削弱结论型题目的正确答案都会挖掘出论证中出现的一个错误或者破坏论证中的假设，又或者直接否定结论。其错误答案也具有一定的特征：第一点就是与结论无关，很多错误的答案与前提条件有关，但是与结论无关，不正确的答案只是提供一些与前提条件相关的不必要信息;第二点就是答案的方向错误，一些错误答案事实上支持结论。 同支持结论型题目一样，你需要记住的是逻辑论证中既会有结论，也会有相反的结论。 下面列举个例子进行说明： The national infrastructure for airport runways and air traffic control require immediate expansion to accommodate the proliferation of new private, smaller aircraft. The Federal Aviation Authority (the FAA) has proposed a fee for all air travelers to help fund this expansion. However, this fee would be unfair, as it would impose costs on all travelers to benefit only the few who utilize the new private planes. Which of the following, if true, would allow the FAA to counter the objection that the proposed fee would be unfair? A. The existing national airport infrastructure benefits all travelers. B. The fee, if imposed, will have a negligible effect on the overall volume of air travel. C. The expansion would reduce the number of delayed flights resulting from small private planes congesting runways. D. Travelers who use small private planes are almost uniformly wealthy or traveling on business.
GRE阅读真题之OG整理 今天小编和大家分享一下GRE阅读真题之OG，快来一起学习一下吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 GRE阅读真题之OG OG-1 Passage 10 In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number of farmers continued to increase, but at a rate lower than that of the general population. 1. Which of the following statements directly contradicts the information presented above? A. The number of farmers in the general population increased slightly in the 30 years between 1850 and 1880. B. The rate of growth of the United States labor force and the rate of growth of the general population rose simultaneously in the 30 years between 1850 and 1880. C. The proportion of farmers in the United States labor force remained constant in the 30 years between 1850 and 1880. D. The proportion of farmers in the United States labor force decreased from 64 percent in 1850 to 49 percent in 1880. E. The proportion of farmers in the general population increased from 68 percent in 1850 to 72 percent in 1880. GRE阅读真题之OG OG-1 Passage 11 A ten-year comparison between the United States and the Soviet Union in terms of crop yields per acre revealed that when only planted acreage is compared, Soviet yields were equal to 68 percent of United States yields. When total agricultural acreage (planted acreage plus fallow acreage) is compared, however, Soviet yield was 114 percent of United States yield. 1. From the information above, which of the following can be most reliably inferred about United States and Soviet agriculture during the ten-year period? A. A higher percentage of total agricultural acreage was fallow in the United States than in the Soviet Union.
美联英语提供：GRE阅读逻辑题快速选择答案技巧 两分钟做个小测试，看看你的英语水平 https://www.doczj.com/doc/2a14831713.html,/test/waijiao.aspx?tid=16-73675-0 RE阅读中有一种题型是逻辑题，就是哪个选项成立，会support/weaken原文的观点，这种题型在GRE阅读中几乎是必考的，所以，考生在备考的时候对于该类题型的解答方法要有一定的了解，下面360教育集团为考生分享下GRE阅读逻辑题快速选择答案技巧，供考生参考。 先讲讲里面的GRE阅读逻辑题思维，一个命题主要由三部分构成：条件、结论以及条件到结论的推理过程。 据360教育集团介绍，如果同学们看到一个中文问题，说“下列哪项可以支持原文观点?”相信同学们的第一反应就是找原文的结论，再看哪个选项支持结论。 这个思维就太狭隘了，因为支持条件、结论和推理过程都是对原文观点的支持，这点思维大家要建立起来。用一个例子给大家分析巩固下这个思维，具体题目和文章就不引述了，考生可以看看N0.6第二套section1的长文章，讲的浮游植物和浮游动物之间关系。 文中有这样一个推理，由“出现了高密度浮游植物的地区，浮游动物就少”推出了“浮游植物分泌排斥剂，把动物赶跑了”，后面有题问到如何削弱(weaken)此结论，我们直接看看正确答案(B)“动物排斥和植物种群密度是无关的”。
言下之意就是把推理过程推翻了，条件是推不出结论的。我们来看看，如何推翻条件，“在某些地区，出现了高密度浮游植物，但浮游动物并没有减少”。 这就削弱了条件。再看看如何削弱结论，“试验中，将植物体内的排斥物质放在正在培养着浮游动物的容器中，并不能使浮游动物的数量减少”结论就削弱了。 以上内容给考生详细介绍了GRE阅读逻辑题快速选择答案技巧，希望对考生有帮助，考生们在做完一个GRE阅读逻辑题以后，不要满足于答案，要多想想到底是支持或削弱了条件，结论还是推理过程。当把这种思维变成自己思维一部分的时候，自然可以应对自如。 截止目前，留学360更新海外名校录取86789枚，中哈佛大学43人、耶鲁大学56人、斯坦福大学43人、麻省理工学院25人、牛津大学38人、剑桥大学35人、多伦多大学 290人、麦吉尔大学353人、悉尼大学1874人、墨尔本大学1286人、澳洲国立大学 1100人、香港大学120人、新加坡国立大学150人、南洋理工大学227人、新西兰奥克兰大学1241人。
高手分享GRE阅读四种做题方法 大家是能够总结出gre阅读词汇在阅读里的重要作用，更多的对一些重点词汇了解，如此针对gre阅读考试有更多的帮助，当大家把一些做题方法了解了，才清楚如何有效复习。以下上海gre培训老师为大家介绍下GRE阅读四种做题方法。 针对GRE考试而言学术化才是最大的纲，同时还是与托福雅思的纲不同的地方，雅思托福的命题目的都趋向生活化，但是针对新GRE阅读考试而言，学术化表示了措辞的规范和温和。对于考生的意义在于，文章的整体是温和的，文章中出现的极端的言辞全部需要注意的，文章中的事实都和大家学术生活共时的，对于过去的追忆和反现实的虚拟状态，都是非常明显的潜在出题点。 上海gre培训老师表示特别是针对虚拟语气，通常代表然而非然之状态，也许会有负评价出现，用态度题的方式考察。但是所有过分极端的言辞，如绝对的说法，大多数，比较级特别是强烈比较级，在文章里的出现要注意，还有一种也是强烈的对比的标志，就是以大写字母标注的时间，指明某时之前或之后，我们称之为时间强对比。 当大家做题时要掌握gre阅读技巧是： 1.首先读文章然后做题, 阅读速度一定要快, 勇敢的省略, 记住：看题时间与看文时间相比，前者更长。 2.两遍法, 第一遍通读, 重点看文章的结构、focus、作者态度, 第二遍在解题时定位阅读。
3.解其它题目时都需要返回原文中定位, 严格把握文字对应法, 每个正确答案都必须找到依据, 绝对不可凭记忆或知识背景做题。 4.不要精读, 根本不需要了解文章的意思, 速度一定要快, 一定要作笔记, 时间不够看首段和各段首句。 以上是上海gre培训老师介绍的GRE阅读四种做题方法的详细内容，希望大家能从中受益，不断改进自己的备考方法提升备考效率，从而获得满意的成绩。
新GRE阅读逻辑10套（GRE-RC-Logic-10, 2014.01）
目录 新GRE阅读逻辑10套 (1) 提示 (2) 练习1 (1) 练习2 (8) 练习3 (15) 练习4 (22) 练习5 (30) 练习6 (37) 练习7 (44) 练习8 (51) 练习9 (59) 练习10 (67) 答案 (76)
提示 1. 按目前能够看到的电子材料，新GRE考试(Computer-based)每个Verbal Section都会出现1-2道逻辑单题， 两个section共有2-3道题，内容主要是非学术类的社会生活话题。逻辑单题的文章长度通常在40-80字，题目的五个选项也许比原文更长。这些题目恢复了多年以前古老的GRE的逻辑题。在GMA T与LSA T考试中，这类题目一直存在，市场上有成熟的应对策略。 2. 我们编选了95-99年老GRE的逻辑单题作为新GRE逻辑单题的训练材料。本材料共汇集10个练习，每个 练习11-15道题不等。每道题最好控制在1-1.5分钟完成。建议第一遍时一定卡时间练习。所有10个练习共计132道逻辑单题，数量已经足够；反复训练这些题目，应对新GRE逻辑单题应该没有困难。 3. 建议进行循环训练：每个练习的所有题目做3-4遍归纳总结以后，再做新的练习。 4. 练习8、9、10的题目已经分散放在“新GRE阅读理解36套（GRE-RC-36. 2014.01）”中，在训练逻辑题时 可先不做，以避免在阅读36套的模拟训练中失去真实感。 5. 欢迎同学和朋友们以各种方式对本材料提出改善的建议。
练习1 1. Patel: Although enrollment in the region's high school has been decreasing for several years, enrollment at the elementary school has grown considerably. Therefore, the regional school board proposes building a new elementary school. Quintero: Another solution would be to convert some high school classrooms temporarily into classrooms for elementary school students. Which of the following, if true, most helps to support Quintero's alternative proposal? (A) Some rooms at the high school cannot be con- verted into rooms suitable for the use of ele- mentary school students. (B) The cost of building a high school is higher than the cost of building an elementary school. (C) Although the birth rate has not increased, the number of families sending their children to the region's high school has increased markedly. (D) A high school atmosphere could jeopardize the safety and self-confidence of elementary school students. (E) Even before the region's high school population began to decrease, several high school class- rooms rarely needed to be used. 2. Peter: More than ever before in Risland, college graduates with science degrees are accepting permanent jobs in other fields. That just goes to show that scientists in Risland are not being paid enough. Lila: No, it does not. These graduates are not working in science for the simple reason that there are not enough jobs in science in Risland to employ all of these graduates. Which of the following, if true in Risland, would most undermine the reasoning in Peter's argument? (A) The college graduates with science degrees who are not working in science are currently earning lower salaries than they would earn as scientists. (B) Fewer college students than ever before are receiving degrees in science. (C) The number of jobs in science has steadily risen in the last decade. (D) A significant number of college graduates with science degrees worked at low-paying jobs while they were in college. (E) Every year some recent college graduates with science degrees accept permanent jobs in nonscientific fields.
美联英语提供：GRE阅读样题解析 两分钟做个小测试，看看你的英语水平 https://www.doczj.com/doc/2a14831713.html,/test/waijiao.aspx?tid=16-73675-0 本文与考生分享了GRE阅读样题解析，下面为考生解读GRE阅读高分技巧请考生们认真备考，希望对参加GRE考试的考生有所帮助，祝愿考生顺利通过GRE考试。 阅读知多少 首先，先了解下GRE阅读考试内容： GRE语文部分包含填空，阅读和逻辑，阅读所占的比重基本是50%，题量大约10道题目左右。 在GRE阅读部分，按照阅读文章长度划分，我们可以分为短阅读和长阅读、按照阅读文章题材划分，我们可以分为社会话题、文学评论、自然科学、生命科学等;按照阅读考察题型划分；可以分为主旨题、结构题、态度题、写作用意题等。 下面让我们一睹GRE阅读的真面目：首先来揭秘短阅读：Reviving the practice of using elements of popular music inclassical composition, a n approach that had been in hibernationin the United States during the 1960s, co mposer Philip Glass(born 1937) embraced the ethos of popular music withoutimit ating it. Glass based two symphonies on music by rockmusicians David Bowie and
Brian Eno, but the symphonies’sound is distinctively his. Popular elements do not appear out ofplace in Glass’s classical music, which from its early days hasshared certain harmonies and rhythms with rock music. Yet thisuse of popular elements h as not made Glass a composer ofpopular music. His music is not a version of popu lar musicpackaged to attract classical listeners; it is high art for listenerssteeped in rock rather than the classics. 这就是GRE短阅读。短阅读后面跟的题量是不确定的，1道、2道、3道都是有可能的。题型如下：选句子题 Select the sentence that distinguishes two ways ofintegrating rock and classical m usic. 这就是我们GRE阅读的选句子题，这类题目需要考生能够按照题目要求从原文中去勾选一句符合题目要求的句子作为答案。 单选题 The passage addresses which of the following issues relatedto Glass’s use of pop ular elements in his classical compositions? A. How it is regarded by listeners who prefer rock to theclassics B. How it has affected the commercial success of Glass’smusic
新GRE逻辑阅读练习题精选整理 逻辑要点在解GRE阅读是是关键，所以大家要多写一些新GRE逻辑阅读练习题，快来一起学习吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 新GRE逻辑阅读练习题 Ragtime is a musical form that synthesizes folk melodies and musical techniques into a brief quadrille like structure, designed to be played exactly as written on the piano. A strong analogy exists between 5 European composers like Ralph Vaughan Williams, Edward Grieg, and Anton Dvorak who combined folk tunes and their own original materials in larger compositions and the pioneer ragtime composers in the United States. Composers like Scott Joplin and James 10 Scott were in a sense collectors or musicologists,collecting dance and folk music in Black communities and consciously shaping it into brief suites or anthologies called piano rags.(100 words) 9. Which of the following is most nearly analogous in source and artistic character to a ragtime composition as described in the passage? (A) Symphonic music derived from complex jazz motifs (B) An experimental novel based on well-known cartoon characters (C) A dramatic production in which actors invent scenes and improvise lines (D) A ballet whose disciplined choreography is based on folk-dance steps (E) A painting whose abstract shapes evoke familiar objects in a natural landscape 答案：D 新GRE逻辑阅读练习题 Ge ologists have long known that the Earth‘s mantle is heterogeneous, but its spatial arrangement remains unresolved—is the mantle essentially layered or irregu-larly heterogeneous? The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands, islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle, are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system, whose source, most geologists contend, is the upper mantle. Some geologists, however, on the basis of obser-vations concerning mantle xenoliths, argue that the mantle is not layered, but that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in “incompatible elements” (elements tending toward liquid rather than solid state)percolating upward and transforming
GRE阅读真题9004SECTION A(短)详细解析 想要提升GRE阅读成绩，从真题出发是最好的选择，所以小编为考生分享GRE阅读历年真题9004SECTION A(短)详细解析，希望对考生所有帮助。 Because of its accuracy in outlining the Earth’s subsurface, the seismic-reflection method remains the most important tool in the search for petroleum reserves. In field practice, a subsurface is mapped by arranging a series of wave-train sources, such as small dynamite explosions, in a grid pattern. As each source is activated, it generates a wave train that moves downward at a speed determined uniquely by the rock’s elastic characteristics. As rock interfaces are crossed, the elastic characteristics encountered generally change abruptly, which causes part of the energy to be reflected back to the surface, where it is recorded by seismic instruments. The seismic records must be processed to correct for positional differences between the source and the receiver, for unrelated wave trains, and for multiple reflections from the rock interfaces. Then the data acquired at each of the specific source locations are combined to generate a physical profile of the subsurface, which can eventually be used to select targets for drilling. 1.重点词汇 1. accuracy ['?kj?r?s?] n. [数] 精确度，准确性 2. seismic ['sa?zm?k] adj. 地震的;因地震而引起的 3. outliningn. 列提纲;描绘轮廓;提纲挈领v. 概括(outline的ing形式);画…的轮廓
GRE的阅读逻辑的练习题: 对于没有对新gre阅读准备充分的考生，建议第一遍时一定卡时间练习。以下是小编整理的新GRE阅读逻辑题练习10套，所有10个练习共计132道逻辑单题，数量已经足够;反复训练这些题目，希望能够帮助大家攻克新GRE阅读题。 1. Auditor from Acme Industries: Last week at Acme Bakery, about six percent of the pastries baked during the night shift were found to be imperfect, but no imperfect pastries were found among those baked during the day shift. Pastries are inspected during the same shift in which they are baked, so clearly the night-shift quality control inspectors were more alert, despite their nighttime work hours, than the dayshift quality control inspectors. The argument depends on the assumption that at least some imperfect pastries were baked during the day shift at Acme Bakery last week not all of the pastries that the night-shift quality control inspectors judged to be imperfect were in fact imperfect the night-shift quality control inspectors received more training in quality control procedures than did the day-shift quality control inspectors in a normal week, fewer than six percent of the pastries baked during the night shift at Acme Bakery are found to be imperfect there are only two shifts per day at Acme Bakery, a day shift and a night shift 感谢您的阅读！
逻辑题讲解版1.0版 写在前面： 1.请同学们先在讲义上做题，带着问题来看这个讲解版。此为1.0版。适当时候我会加入新的题目的讲解，将其升级为 2.0 或者 3.0版本。不过这个目前应该是够用了。 2.以下的正确答案用黄色标示，错误选项的错误理由用“impose few rules and regulations”标示。 3.逻辑题中的错误选项大多都是跟本题没有任何关系的。逻辑题的错误选项的编撰者遇到的最大的 问题就是由于逻辑题的文章篇幅较短，无法使用文章中已有的部分来编制错误选项。于是，只能从文章之外寻找一些线索了。 4.此处的17题虽然不多，但是有一定的代表性。请各位在课外多做一些其它的GMAT的逻辑题强化此方面的能力和意识。 5.当然，各位应该知道GRE的Verbal部分的逻辑题数量较少。主要还是纯阅读部分的掌握，还记得我们上课经常说的那些东西吗？我想我上课中经常重复的东西可能还在你们耳边“阴魂不散”吧？“三强词汇”，“四大金刚”，“取非” “同义变换”。。。。。。。 归纳题： 例子1： T o be mentally healthy, people must have self-respect. People can maintain self-respect only by continually earning the respect of others they esteem. They can earn this respect only by treating these others morally. Which of the following conclusions can be properly drawn from the statements above? 解释：此题采用公共元素直推法。读完题目后我们知道正确答案肯定要跟mentally healthy 和treating these others morally 有关。 (A) People who are mentally healthy will be treated morally by others. (B) People who are mentally healthy will have treated morally those they esteem. (C) People who are mentally healthy must have self-respect in other to be treated morally by others. (D) People can expect to be treated morally by others only if they esteem these others. (E) People who have self-respect seldom treat morally those esteem. 其它的选项都跟这个没有关系 例子2： Experienced pilots often have more trouble than novice pilots in learning to fly the newly developed ultralight airplanes. Being accustomed to heavier aircraft, experienced pilots, when flying ultralight craft, seem not to respect the wind as much as they should. The passage implies that the heavier aircraft mentioned above are
美联英语提供：GRE阅读逻辑题和GMAT阅读逻辑题的对比 两分钟做个小测试，看看你的英语水平 https://www.doczj.com/doc/2a14831713.html,/test/waijiao.aspx?tid=16-73675-0 GRE改革之后，阅读新增只有一到四句话的超短文章，称之为微文。这种微文也就是ETS 模仿GMAT的逻辑题，填补GRE对逻辑推理能力考查的欠缺。我们就看一下GRE阅读逻辑题和GMAT阅读逻辑题的对比。 以下就是对GRE阅读逻辑题和GMAT阅读逻辑题的对比的详细分析，总结了GRE阅读逻辑题的特点，方便大家备考。 大家都知道，老GRE阅读从篇幅上分有长文章和短文章，而在新GRE阅读中不但保留原来的长文和短文，还增加了只有一到四句话的超短文章，我将其称之为微文。微文不但微小，还有微妙之感。试看下例(新GRE官方指南 P71)： In the United States between 1850 and 1880, the number offarmers continued to i ncrease, but at a rate lower than that ofthe general population Which of the following statements directly contradicts theinformation presented a bove? The number of farmers in the general population increasedslightly in the 30 years between 1850 and 1880.
使用说明 (1) GRE阅读(No. 2—No. 9) (2) No. 2-1 (2) SECTION A (2) SECTION B (5) No. 2-2 (9) SECTION A (9) SECTION B (12) No. 2-3 (16) SECTION A (16) SECTION B (20) No. 3-1 (23) SECTION A (23) SECTION B (27) No. 3-2 (30) SECTION A (30) SECTION B (34) No. 3-3 (38) SECTION A (38) SECTION B (41) No. 4-1 (45) SECTION A (45) SECTION B (49) No. 4-2 (52) SECTION A (53) SECTION B (56) No. 4-3 (60) SECTION A (60) SECTION B (64) No. 5-1 (68) SECTION A (68) SECTION B (71) No. 5-2 (75) SECTION A (75) SECTION B (78) No. 5-3 (82) SECTION A (82) SECTION B (86) No. 6-1 (89)
SECTION B (93) No. 6-2 (97) SECTION A (97) SECTION B (101) No. 6-3 (105) SECTION A (105) SECTION B (108) No. 7-1 (112) SECTION A (112) SECTION B (116) No. 7-2 (120) SECTION A (120) SECTION B (123) No. 7-3 (127) SECTION A (127) SECTION B (131) No. 8-1 (135) SECTION A (135) SECTION B (139) No. 8-2 (143) SECTION A (143) SECTION B (147) No. 8-3 (150) SECTION A (150) SECTION B (154) No. 9-1 (157) SECTION A (157) SECTION B (161) No. 9-2 (165) SECTION A (165) SECTION B (169) No. 9-3 (172) SECTION A (172) SECTION B (176) No. 9-4 (180) SECTION A (180) SECTION B (184) No. 9-5 (187) SECTION A (187)